About
GPO   |   Newsroom/Media   |   Congressional Relations
|   Inspector General   |   Careers   |   Contact   |   askGPO   |   Help

Home   |
Customers   |   Vendors   |   Libraries

FDsys:
GPO's
Federal Digital System

About FDsys

Search
Government Publications

Browse
Government Publications

•

Browse

•

Simple
Search

•

Advanced
Search

*
Boolean

* Proximity

•

Search
History

•

Search
Tips

•

Corrections

•

Latest
Updates

•

User
Info

•

FAQs

•

Agency
List

•

Incorporation
by Reference

•

e-CFR
Main Page

Related
Resources

Download the Code of
Federal Regulations in XML.

The Electronic
Code of Federal Regulations (e-CFR) is a regularly updated, unofficial
editorial compilation of CFR material and Federal Register amendments
produced by the National Archives and Records Administration's Office of
the Federal Register (OFR) and the Government Printing Office.

Parallel Table of Authorities and Rules for the Code of Federal
Regulations and the United States Code
Text | PDF

Find, review, and submit comments on Federal rules that are open for
comment and published in the Federal Register using Regulations.gov.

Purchase
individual CFR titles from the U.S. Government Online Bookstore.

Find issues of the CFR (including issues prior to 1996) at a local Federal depository
library.

[1]

Electronic Code of Federal Regulations

e-CFR Data is current as of December 2,
2013

Browse
Previous | Browse
Next

Title 29: Labor
PART
1926—SAFETY AND HEALTH REGULATIONS FOR CONSTRUCTION
Subpart
H—Materials Handling, Storage, Use, and Disposal

§1926.251   Rigging equipment
for material handling.

(a) General. (1) Rigging
equipment for material handling shall be inspected prior to use on each
shift and as necessary during its use to ensure that it is safe. Defective
rigging equipment shall be removed from service.

(2) Employers must ensure that rigging equipment:

(i) Has permanently affixed and legible identification markings as
prescribed by the manufacturer that indicate the recommended safe working
load;

(ii) Not be loaded in excess of its recommended safe working load as
prescribed on the identification markings by the manufacturer; and

(iii) Not be used without affixed, legible identification markings,
required by paragraph (a)(2)(i) of this section.

(3) Rigging equipment, when not in use, shall be removed from the
immediate work area so as not to present a hazard to employees.

(4) Special custom design grabs, hooks, clamps, or other lifting
accessories, for such units as modular panels, prefabricated structures
and similar materials, shall be marked to indicate the safe working loads
and shall be proof-tested prior to use to 125 percent of their rated
load.

(5) Scope. This section applies
to slings used in conjunction with other material handling equipment for
the movement of material by hoisting, in employments covered by this part.
The types of slings covered are those made from alloy steel chain, wire
rope, metal mesh, natural or synthetic fiber rope (conventional three
strand construction), and synthetic web (nylon, polyester, and
polypropylene).

(6) Inspections. Each day
before being used, the sling and all fastenings and attachments shall be
inspected for damage or defects by a competent person designated by the
employer. Additional inspections shall be performed during sling use,
where service conditions warrant. Damaged or defective slings shall be
immediately removed from service.

(b) Alloy steel chains. (1)
Welded alloy steel chain slings shall have permanently affixed durable
identification stating size, grade, rated capacity, and sling
manufacturer.

(2) Hooks, rings, oblong links, pear-shaped links, welded or mechanical
coupling links, or other attachments, when used with alloy steel chains,
shall have a rated capacity at least equal to that of the chain.

(3) Job or shop hooks and links, or makeshift fasteners, formed from
bolts, rods, etc., or other such attachments, shall not be used.

(4) Employers must not use alloy steel-chain slings with loads in
excess of the rated capacities (i.e., working load limits) indicated on
the sling by permanently affixed and legible identification markings
prescribed by the manufacturer.

(5) Whenever wear at any point of any chain link exceeds that shown in
Table H-1, the assembly shall be removed from service.

(6) Inspections. (i) In
addition to the inspection required by other paragraphs of this section, a
thorough periodic inspection of alloy steel chain slings in use shall be
made on a regular basis, to be determined on the basis of (A) frequency of
sling use; (B) severity of service conditions; (C) nature of lifts being
made; and (D) experience gained on the service life of slings used in
similar circumstances. Such inspections shall in no event be at intervals
greater than once every 12 months.

(ii) The employer shall make and maintain a record of the most recent
month in which each alloy steel chain sling was thoroughly inspected, and
shall make such record available for examination.

(c) Wire rope. (1) Employers
must not use improved plow-steel wire rope and wire-rope slings with loads
in excess of the rated capacities (i.e., working load limits) indicated on
the sling by permanently affixed and legible identification markings
prescribed by the manufacturer.

(2) Protruding ends of strands in splices on slings and bridles shall
be covered or blunted.

(3) Wire rope shall not be secured by knots, except on haul back lines
on scrapers.

(4) The following limitations shall apply to the use of wire rope:

(i) An eye splice made in any wire rope shall have not less than three
full tucks. However, this requirement shall not operate to preclude the
use of another form of splice or connection which can be shown to be as
efficient and which is not otherwise prohibited.

(ii) Except for eye splices in the ends of wires and for endless rope
slings, each wire rope used in hoisting or lowering, or in pulling loads,
shall consist of one continuous piece without knot or splice.

(iii) Eyes in wire rope bridles, slings, or bull wires shall not be
formed by wire rope clips or knots.

(iv) Wire rope shall not be used if, in any length of eight diameters,
the total number of visible broken wires exceeds 10 percent of the total
number of wires, or if the rope shows other signs of excessive wear,
corrosion, or defect.

(5) When U-bolt wire rope clips are used to form eyes, Table H-2 shall
be used to determine the number and spacing of clips.

(i) When used for eye splices, the U-bolt shall be applied so that the
“U” section is in contact with the dead end of the rope.

(i1) [Reserved]

(6) Slings shall not be shortened with knots or bolts or other
makeshift devices.

(7) Sling legs shall not be kinked.

(8) Slings used in a basket hitch shall have the loads balanced to
prevent slippage.

(9) Slings shall be padded or protected from the sharp edges of their
loads.

(10) Hands or fingers shall not be placed between the sling and its
load while the sling is being tightened around the load.

(11) Shock loading is prohibited.

(12) A sling shall not be pulled from under a load when the load is
resting on the sling.

(13) Minimum sling lengths. (i)
Cable laid and 6 × 19 and 6 × 37 slings shall have a minimum clear length
of wire rope 10 times the component rope diameter between splices, sleeves
or end fittings.

(ii) Braided slings shall have a minimum clear length of wire rope 40
times the component rope diameter between the loops or end fittings.

(iii) Cable laid grommets, strand laid grommets and endless slings
shall have a minimum circumferential length of 96 times their body
diameter.

(14) Safe operating
temperatures. Fiber core wire rope slings of all grades shall be
permanently removed from service if they are exposed to temperatures in
excess of 200 °F (93.33 °C). When nonfiber core wire rope slings of any
grade are used at temperatures above 400 °F (204.44 °C) or below minus 60
°F (15.55 °C), recommendations of the sling manufacturer regarding use at
that temperature shall be followed.

(15) End attachments. (i)
Welding of end attachments, except covers to thimbles, shall be performed
prior to the assembly of the sling.

(ii) All welded end attachments shall not be used unless proof tested
by the manufacturer or equivalent entity at twice their rated capacity
prior to initial use. The employer shall retain a certificate of the proof
test, and make it available for examination.

(16) Wire rope slings shall have permanently affixed, legible
identification markings stating size, rated capacity for the type(s) of
hitch(es) used and the angle upon which it is based, and the number of
legs if more than one.

(d) Natural rope, and synthetic
fiber. (1) Employers must not use natural- and synthetic-fiber rope
slings with loads in excess of the rated capacities (i.e., working load
limits) indicated on the sling by permanently affixed and legible
identification markings prescribed by the manufacturer.

(2) All splices in rope slings provided by the employer shall be made
in accordance with fiber rope manufacturers recommendations.

(i) In manila rope, eye splices shall contain at least three full
tucks, and short splices shall contain at least six full tucks (three on
each side of the centerline of the splice).

(ii) In layed synthetic fiber rope, eye splices shall contain at least
four full tucks, and short splices shall contain at least eight full tucks
(four on each side of the centerline of the splice).

(iii) Strand end tails shall not be trimmed short (flush with the
surface of the rope) immediately adjacent to the full tucks. This
precaution applies to both eye and short splices and all types of fiber
rope. For fiber ropes under 1-inch diameter, the tails shall project at
least six rope diameters beyond the last full tuck. For fiber ropes 1-inch
diameter and larger, the tails shall project at least 6 inches beyond the
last full tuck. In applications where the projecting tails may be
objectionable, the tails shall be tapered and spliced into the body of the
rope using at least two additional tucks (which will require a tail length
of approximately six rope diameters beyond the last full tuck).

(iv) For all eye splices, the eye shall be sufficiently large to
provide an included angle of not greater than 60° at the splice when the
eye is placed over the load or support.

(v) Knots shall not be used in lieu of splices.

(3) Safe operating
temperatures. Natural and synthetic fiber rope slings, except for
wet frozen slings, may be used in a temperature range from minus 20 °F
(−28.88 °C) to plus 180 °F (82.2 °C) without decreasing the working load
limit. For operations outside this temperature range and for wet frozen
slings, the sling manufacturer's recommendations shall be followed.

(4) Splicing. Spliced fiber
rope slings shall not be used unless they have been spliced in accordance
with the following minimum requirements and in accordance with any
additional recommendations of the manufacturer:

(i) In manila rope, eye splices shall consist of at least three full
tucks, and short splices shall consist of at least six full tucks, three
on each side of the splice center line.

(ii) In synthetic fiber rope, eye splices shall consist of at least
four full tucks, and short splices shall consist of at least eight full
tucks, four on each side of the center line.

(iii) Strand end tails shall not be trimmed flush with the surface of
the rope immediately adjacent to the full tucks. This applies to all types
of fiber rope and both eye and short splices. For fiber rope under 1 inch
(2.54 cm) in diameter, the tail shall project at least six rope diameters
beyond the last full tuck. For fiber rope 1 inch (2.54 cm) in diameter and
larger, the tail shall project at least 6 inches (15.24 cm) beyond the
last full tuck. Where a projecting tail interferes with the use of the
sling, the tail shall be tapered and spliced into the body of the rope
using at least two additional tucks (which will require a tail length of
approximately six rope diameters beyond the last full tuck).

(iv) Fiber rope slings shall have a minimum clear length of rope
between eye splices equal to 10 times the rope diameter.

(v) Knots shall not be used in lieu of splices.

(vi) Clamps not designed specifically for fiber ropes shall not be used
for splicing.

(vii) For all eye splices, the eye shall be of such size to provide an
included angle of not greater than 60 degrees at the splice when the eye
is placed over the load or support.

(5) End attachments. Fiber rope
slings shall not be used if end attachments in contact with the rope have
sharp edges or projections.

(6) Removal from service.
Natural and synthetic fiber rope slings shall be immediately removed from
service if any of the following conditions are present:

(i) Abnormal wear.

(ii) Powdered fiber between strands.

(iii) Broken or cut fibers.

(iv) Variations in the size or roundness of strands.

(v) Discoloration or rotting.

(vi) Distortion of hardware in the sling.

(7) Employers must use natural- and synthetic-fiber rope slings that
have permanently affixed and legible identification markings that state
the rated capacity for the type(s) of hitch(es) used and the angle upon
which it is based, type of fiber material, and the number of legs if more
than one.

(e) Synthetic webbing (nylon, polyester, and polypropylene).
(1) The employer shall have each synthetic web sling marked or coded to
show:

(i) Name or trademark of manufacturer.

(ii) Rated capacities for the type of hitch.

(iii) Type of material.

(2) Rated capacity shall not be exceeded.

(3) Webbing. Synthetic webbing
shall be of uniform thickness and width and selvage edges shall not be
split from the webbing's width.

(4) Fittings. Fittings shall
be:

(i) Of a minimum breaking strength equal to that of the sling; and

(ii) Free of all sharp edges that could in any way damage the
webbing.

(5) Attachment of end fittings to
webbing and formation of eyes. Stitching shall be the only method
used to attach end fittings to webbing and to form eyes. The thread shall
be in an even pattern and contain a sufficient number of stitches to
develop the full breaking strength of the sling.

(6) Environmental conditions.
When synthetic web slings are used, the following precautions shall be
taken:

(i) Nylon web slings shall not be used where fumes, vapors, sprays,
mists or liquids of acids or phenolics are present.

(ii) Polyester and polypropylene web slings shall not be used where
fumes, vapors, sprays, mists or liquids of caustics are present.

(iii) Web slings with aluminum fittings shall not be used where fumes,
vapors, sprays, mists or liquids of caustics are present.

(7) Safe operating
temperatures. Synthetic web slings of polyester and nylon shall not
be used at temperatures in excess of 180 °F (82.2 °C). Polypropylene web
slings shall not be used at temperatures in excess of 200 °F (93.33
°C).

(8) Removal from service.
Synthetic web slings shall be immediately removed from service if any of
the following conditions are present:

(i) Acid or caustic burns;

(ii) Melting or charring of any part of the sling surface;

(iii) Snags, punctures, tears or cuts;

(iv) Broken or worn stitches; or

(v) Distortion of fittings.

(f) Shackles and hooks. (1)
Employers must not use shackles with loads in excess of the rated
capacities (i.e., working load limits) indicated on the shackle by
permanently affixed and legible identification markings prescribed by the
manufacturer.

(2) The manufacturer's recommendations shall be followed in determining
the safe working loads of the various sizes and types of specific and
identifiable hooks. All hooks for which no applicable manufacturer's
recommendations are available shall be tested to twice the intended safe
working load before they are initially put into use. The employer shall
maintain a record of the dates and results of such tests.

Table H-1—Maximum Allowable Wear at any Point of
Link

Chain size (inches)

Maximum allowable wear
(inch)

1/4

3/64

3/8

5/64

1/2

7/64

5/8

9/64

3/4

5/32

7/8

11/64

1

3/16

11/8

7/32

11/4

1/4

13/8

9/32

11/2

5/16

13/4

11/32

Table H-2—Number and Spacing of U-Bolt Wire Rope
Clips

Improved plow steel,
rope diameter (inches)

Number of clips

Minimum spacing
(inches)

Drop forged

Other material

1/2

3

4

3

5/8

3

4

33/4

3/4

4

5

41/2

7/8

4

5

51/4

1

5

6

6

11/8

6

6

63/4

11/4

6

7

71/2

13/8

7

7

81/4

11/2

7

8

9

[44 FR 8577, Feb. 9, 1979; 44 FR 20940, Apr. 6, 1979, as
amended at 58 FR 35173, June 30, 1993; 76 FR 33611, June 8, 2011; 77 FR
23118, Apr. 18, 2012]

For questions or comments regarding e-CFR editorial
content, features, or design, email [email-masked].
For questions
concerning e-CFR programming and delivery issues, email [email-masked].

732 North Capitol Street, NW, Washington, DC 20401-0001
202.512.1800

Privacy
|   Important
Links   |   Accessibility   |
Sitemap   |   COOP