Multi-site Evaluation of Foster Youth Programs

Multi-site Evaluation of Foster Youth Programs

Appendix D_Youth Questions by Source Table

Multi-site Evaluation of Foster Youth Programs

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Appendix E



E1. Youth Questions by Source, Purpose and Application


E2. Youth Questionnaire Measures

E1. Youth Questions by Source, Purpose and Application

Section

Question Number

Source (See glossary at end of table)

Purpose

Notes

Demographics

D1-D6

NLSY97

Population Characteristics

Only asked during baseline interview.

D7-D12

3 State

D13

Add Health

D14

Baltimore

D17

NLSY97

Fertility

F1-F7

NLSY97, Baltimore, and NSFG

Population Characteristics


Attitudes and Expectations

AE1-AE22

NLSY97

Moderating Factors

Youth in Los Angeles County’s ESTEP program will not be asked AE7-AE45.

AE23–AE40

NSCAW questions. Response set has been altered to match Wisconsin study

AE41-AE45

Adapted from Baltimore

Reading and Math Ability


Woodcock-Johnson:

  1. Test 1: Letter-Word Identification Test

  2. Test 5: Calculation

  3. Test 9: Passage comprehension

Moderating Factors

See Appendix E2 for more information on the Woodcock Johnson. Youth in all programs except LA’s ESTEP will receive (1). ESTEP youth will receive (2) and (3).

Living Arrangements

LA1-LA3

Baltimore

Moderating Factors


LA4-LA9

Add Health

LA10-LA13

Original question

LA14-LA18

3 State

Relationships

R1-R7

Adapted from 3 State

Moderating Factors


R8

Original question

R9

Adapted from NSCAW

R10-R12

Original questions

R13

Adapted from NSCAW

R14-R15

Original questions

R16-R28

NSCAW

Social Support

SS1-SS4

NSCAW

Moderating Factors

Youth in LA’s ESTEP program will not be asked SS1-SS7.

SS5-SS7

NSCAW wording of 3 State question

SS8

Original question adapted from NSCAW

SS9-SS10

NSCAW

SS11-SS13

Original questions

Education

ED1-ED11

NLSY97

Intermediate and Longer-term Outcomes


ED12-ED24

3 State

ED25-ED27

NLSY97

ED28-ED31

3 State

ED32-ED44

NLSY97

ED45

Original question

ED46-ED49

NLSY97

Pro-Social and Other Activities



PS1, PS3, PS5

Add Health

Moderating Factors


PS2, PS4, PS6

Original questions

PS7-PS10

NSCAW, 3 State, Add Health

Employment

E1

3 State

Intermediate and Longer-term Outcomes

Not asked of 14 year olds in LA’s ESTEP program.

E2

Original question

E3

NLSY97

E4-E5

Adapted from 3 State

E6

Original question

E7-E15

NLSY97

E16

3 State

E17-E24

NLSY97

E25

Adapted from NLSY97/CPS

E26-E29

CPS

E30

NLSY97

E31-E40

Adapted from 3 State

E41-E49

Original questions

Services

S1-S51 except…

3 State

Intervention and Services

Youth in LA’s ESTEP program will not be asked the following questions: S14-19, S29-37, and S45-52.

S21, S28, S33, S37, S42

Original questions based on NSCAW, using NSCAW response set

S52

Original question

Physical Health and Health Behaviors

PH1-PH5

NLSY97

Intermediate and Longer-term Outcomes


PH6

Original question

PH7

PLSY97

PH8

YRBS

PH9-PH12

Adapted from NHIS

PH13-PH15

Baltimore

PH16-PH23

3 State

PH24-PH26

Adapted from NLSY97

Mental Health

MH1-MH54

Achenbach Youth Self-Report/Adult Self-Report

Moderating Factors, Intermediate and Longer-term Outcomes

See Appendix E2 for information on the Achenbach Youth Self Report scale and the CIDI-SF. Youth over the age of 18 will be given the Adult Self-Report version.

MH55

Original question

MH56-MH57

3 State

MH58

Original question

MH59

3 State

MH60-MH63

YRBS

PT1-PT46

CIDI-SF

Substance Abuse

SA1-SA12

NLSY97

Moderating Factors, Intermediate Outcomes

Administered with ACASI; Youth in Los Angeles County’s ESTEP program will not be asked SA13-SA22.

SA13-SA22

Adapted from Monitoring the Future

SA23-SA24

NSCAW

Sexual Behavior

SB1-SB2

NSFG

Intermediate Outcomes

Administered with ACASI.

SB3-SB16

Adapted from NLSY97

Victimization

V1-V16

3 State

Population Characteristics, Longer-term Outcomes

Administered with ACASI. During baseline interviews we ask only about victimization from pre-foster care caregivers. In the follow-up interviews, we ask only 18 year olds (and older youth) about victimization since entering foster care.

V17-V25

Modified set of questions from 3 State

V26-V29

NSCAW

Delinquency and Externalizing Behaviors



DY0.1-DY0.19

NSCAW

Intermediate Outcomes

Administered with ACASI.

DY1-DY39

NLSY97

Economic Wellbeing

EW1-EW7

Based on NLSY97

Intermediate and Longer-term Outcomes

Some questions only asked of youth 18 years of age and older.

EW8-EW10

NSCAW

EW11-EW14

Adapted from The Seattle Study

EW15-EW26

Original questions

EW27-EW28

NLSY97

EW29-EW32

Original questions

EW33-EW62

Precarious Families Study

EW63-EW71

Subset from CPS Food Security Supplement

Locating

L1-L40

Based on 3 State and NLSY97

Future Contact with Respondents




Glossary


3 State

The 3 State Study is a study of youth leaving foster care conducted in Illinois, Iowa, and Wisconsin conducted by Dr. Mark Courtney at the Chapin Hall Center for Children at the University of Chicago. A longitudinal study of youth aged 17 years old, the results of the study will be used to understand the experiences of foster youth, and how various agencies and programs can address the youth’s needs for services and support.


Add Health

The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health is a school-based study of the health-related behaviors of adolescents in grades 7 to 12. It has been designed to explore the causes of these behaviors, with an emphasis on the influence of social context. Funded by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and 17 other federal agencies.


Baltimore

The Baltimore Study originated as an evaluation of one of the nation's first comprehensive prenatal service programs for school-aged pregnant teenagers and evolved into one of the longest running longitudinal studies of families growing up in disadvantage. Beginning in 1966 with an interview of some 399 women who registered over a period of two years for prenatal services at Sinai Hospital in Baltimore, the project was able to follow nearly two thirds of the mothers and children into the mid 1990s by which time the children were between 26 and 29.


CIDI-SF

The Composite International Diagnostic Interview—Short Form was developed by the World Health Organization (WHO). Data are reported on a series of short-form screening scales of DSM-III-R psychiatric disorders developed from the WHO’s composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI).


CPS

The Current Population Survey is a monthly survey of about 50,000 households conducted by the Bureau of the Census for the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The survey has been conducted for more than 50 years and is the primary source of information on U.S. labor force characteristics. Published data focus on individuals ages 16 and older. Estimates obtained from the CPS include employment, unemployment, earnings, hours of work, and other indicators.


Monitoring the Future

Monitoring the Future is an ongoing study of the behaviors, attitudes and values of American secondary school students, college students, and young adults. Each year a total of some 50,000 8th, 10th, and 12th grade students are surveyed.


NHIS

The National Health Interview Survey is the principal source of information on the health of the civilian, noninstitutionalized population of the U.S. and is one of the major data collection programs for the National Center for Health Statistics. The survey was initiated in 1957 and is a cross-sectional household interview survey. NHIS data are used to monitor trends in illness and disability.

NLSY97

The National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 consists of a nationally representative sample of approximately 9,000 youth who were 12 to 16 years old as of December 31, 1996. Both the eligible youth and one of the youth’s parents received hour-long personal interviews and the youth continue to be interviewed on an annual basis. The NLSY97 is designed to document the transition from school to work and into adulthood. It collects extensive information about youths' labor market behavior and educational experiences over time.


NSCAW

The National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being is sponsored by the Administration for Children, Youth, and Families of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. This Congressionally mandated, $26 million project is the most comprehensive study ever undertaken of the child welfare system by examining child and family well-being outcomes and relates those outcomes to the child’s experience with the child welfare system. Data collection included computer-assisted personal interviews with the children, parents, caregivers, and caseworkers.


NSFG

The National Survey of Family Growth was conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics in 1973, 1976, 1988 and 1995. These surveys were based on personal interviews conducted in the homes of a national sample of women 15-44 years of age in the civilian, non-institutionalized population of the U.S. The main purpose of these surveys was to provide reliable data on marriage, divorce, contraception, infertility, and the health of women and infants in the U.S.


Precarious Families

The study, Assessing the Effects of Welfare Reform on California's Most Precarious Families, was conducted by a partnership between UC DATA, UC Berkeley’s School of Social Welfare, and the Urban Institute, to identify characteristics of welfare recipients that may put them at high risk for adverse outcomes under welfare reform.


The Seattle Study

The Seattle Study was conducted for the Washington State Department of Social and Health Services, Division of Alcohol and Substance Abuse, by NORC with funding from the Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Data was collected on approximately 400 individuals residing in King County, Washington, who were SSI recipients for drug and alcohol addiction as of December 1996. Data was collected on their addiction, medical needs, where they were living and the overall circumstances of their lives.


Wisconsin Study

The Foster Youth Transitions to Adulthood Study is a longitudinal study, conducted by Dr. Mark Courtney and Dr. Irving Piliavin of the University of Wisconsin Madison School of Social Work, follows youths transitioning out of the foster care system. Data collected included physical and sexual victimization, unemployment, homelessness, and incarceration.


YRBS

The Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System was developed in 1990 to monitor priority health risk behaviors that contribute to the leading causes of death, disability, and social problems among youth and adults in the U.S. Behaviors studied include tobacco use, unhealthy dietary behaviors, inadequate physical activity, alcohol and other drug use, sexual behaviors that contribute to unwanted pregnancy, sexually transmitted diseases including HIV infection, and behaviors that contribute to unintentional injuries and violence.


E2. Youth Questionnaire Measures

Section

Measure

Title and General Description

Standardization Sample

Psychometrics (reliability and validity)

Reading and Math Ability

Woodcock Johnson (Test 1, Test 5, and Test 9)

Mini-Battery of Achievement (MBA); Woodcock, McGrew, & Werder, 1994, Riverside Publishing


4 subtests: reading (includes letter-word identification, vocabulary, and comprehension), writing, mathematics, and general knowledge.

Yields: standardized scores, percentile ranks, age and grade equivalents, and 1-page narrative report via computer scoring program;

Age range: 6 and up

6,026 individuals 4 to 95 years. From 100 geographically diverse communities; stratified by region, community size, gender, ethnicity, funding, and type of college, distribution of adult education, and adult occupation in the community/representative of the population at large

Internal consistency reliability: Reading r =.88-.98, Mdn r =.94 (across age groups); mathematics r =.70-.98; Msn r=.93; factual knowledge r = .80-.96; Mdn r=.87;

Test-retest reliability: reading r=.89 mathematics r=.86; factual knowledge r=.88 (6th graders);

Concurrent validity: reading r=.70-.75; mathematics r=.57-.72; factual knowledge r =.64-.74

Convergent and discriminant validity: correlations of specific areas higher with same areas than those of different areas.


Mental Health

Achenbach Youth Self- Report/Adult Self-Report (Questions MH1-MH54)

Youth Self-Report (YSR) Achenbach, 1992; Adult Self-Report (ASR) University Associates in Psychiatry; Burlington, VT


Problem behavior scales: 8 syndromes (withdrawn, somatic complaints, anxious/depressed, social problems, thought disorder, attention problems, delinquent behavior, aggressive behavior); and 3 compiled (internalizing, externalizing, and total problems);

Social competence scales: Total competence and activities and social;

Yields: raw scores and standardized scores

Age range: 11 and up


1,719 children out of a pool of 1,942 ages 11 to 18 who were considered to be healthy (i.e., not received mental health services or special remedial school in past 12 months).

Sample representative in terms of gender, SES, ethnicity, and region.

Norms are provided for boys and girls separately divided into two age groups each.

Test-retest reliability: whole sample r=.80 (total competence), r=.79 (total problems); r=.80 (internalizing); r=.81 (externalizing);

CIDI-SF (Questions PT1-PT46)

Composite International Diagnostic Interview – Short Form; Epidemiology and Services Research, Mental Health Program, World Health Organization.


CIDI is a fully structured interview that maps the symptoms elicited during the interview onto DSM-IV and ICD-10 diagnostic criteria and reports whether the diagnostic criteria are satisfied.


Inter-rater reliability is excellent, the test-retest reliability is good, and the validity has been demonstrated to be good (Andrews, G; Peters, L. The psychometric properties of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Social Psychiatry Epidemiology, March, 1998).




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