SUPPORTING STATEMENT FOR INFORMATION COLLECTION
PART A
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE (USDA)
ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE (APHIS)
VETERINARY SERVICES (VS)
THE CENTERS FOR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND ANIMAL HEALTH (CEAH),
NATIONAL CENTER FOR ANIMAL HEALTH SURVEILLANCE (NCAHS)
NAHMS SWINE 2006 STUDY LARGE ENTERPRISE COMPONENT
and
SWINE 2006 SMALL ENTERPRISE COMPONENT
NOTE: This collection consists of 2 components – the large enterprise component and the small enterprise component. The Supporting Statement is written to reflect both components for each question that has a breakdown of the 2 components– the small component following the large. Only one answer is provided for those questions where the answers are the same for both.
SUPPORTING STATEMENT FOR INFORMATION COLLECTION BY THE CENTERS FOR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND ANIMAL HEALTH (CEAH),
NATIONAL CENTER FOR ANIMAL HEALTH SURVEILLANCE (NCAHS)1
OMB NUMBER 0579-XXXX
NAHMS SWINE 2006 STUDY LARGE ENTERPRISE COMPONENT
September 2006
This submission is a request for approval to initiate the National Animal Health Monitoring System’s (NAHMS’) Swine 2006 Study, an information collection by the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS). There will be two components to the Swine 2006 study: a large enterprise component (operations with 100 or more head), and a small enterprise component (operations with less than 100 head). The large enterprise component will consist of on-farm questionnaires, with biologic sampling, which will be open to all participants that complete an on-farm questionnaire in the top 17 pork producing States2. The study questionnaire will be administered by APHIS designated data collectors. The collection will support the following objectives:
1) Describe trends in swine management practices related to inventories, housing practices, disease prevention and mortality for 4 levels of production: gestation, farrowing, nursery, and grow/finish;
2) Determine the prevalence and risk factors for respiratory, neurologic, gastrointestinal and systemic pathogens found in nursery and grow/finish aged pigs and examine the vaccine and antibiotic usage by pork producers to control diseases and production parameters; and
3) Describe changes in management practices affecting pork safety and animal health in swine operations in 1990, 1995, and 2000, compared to 2006.
The collection will support the following objectives for the small enterprise component:
Describe swine health management practices related to disease prevention and mortality;
Examine biosecurity practices in use;
Establish a baseline for small enterprise production practices.
The information collected through the Swine 2006 study will be analyzed and organized into a descriptive report. Several information sheets will be derived from this report and will be disseminated by APHIS to the producers, stakeholders, academia, veterinarians, and any other interested parties. The potential benefit to the industry from the Swine 2006 study is a scientifically valid national estimate of health and management practices of the nation’s swine industry. The data collected will be used to measure change over time from the previous NAHMS’ Swine studies. Participation in this survey is voluntary; it is up to the individual producer to decide whether or not it is desirable to participate.
1. Explain the circumstances that make the collection of information necessary. Identify any legal or administrative requirements that necessitate the collection. Attach a copy of the appropriate section of each statute and regulation mandating or authorizing the collection of information.
Collection and dissemination of animal health data and information is mandated by 7 U.S.C. § 391, the Animal Industry Act of 1884, which established the precursor of the APHIS, Veterinary Services, the Bureau of Animal Industry. Legal requirements for examining and reporting on animal disease control methods were further mandated by 7 U.S.C. § 8308 of the Animal Health Protection Act, “Detection, Control, and Eradication of Diseases and Pests,” May 13, 2002.
Collection, analysis, and dissemination of livestock and poultry health information on a national basis is consistent with the APHIS mission of protecting and improving American agriculture’s productivity and competitiveness. In connection with this mission, the NAHMS program includes periodic national commodity studies to investigate current issues and examine general health and management practices used on farms. These studies are driven by industry and stakeholder interest, and collect information that is not available from any other source. Without this study, APHIS would be unable to continue the trends analysis that began with the Swine 1990 study that various parts of the industry as well as many Federal and State partners have come to rely on. Finally, efforts will also be made to optimize Classical Swine Fever (CSF) and Pseudorabies surveillance for larger operations in top production States.
NAHMS will initiate the fourth national data collection of swine through Swine 2006. NAHMS’ employees have completed a needs assessment which was a collaborative effort with producers, industry, extension specialists, Federal and State employees, and university researchers. Information gathered through this needs assessment was used to determine the study objectives.
Pseudorabies and CSF are economically devastating diseases in pigs. The 1999-2000 outbreak of Pseudorabies in Iowa, Minnesota, and parts of Indiana cost producers tens of millions of dollars before it was brought under control. The outbreak coupled with depressed farm prices prompted a Declaration of Emergency by the USDA, which was published on January 14, 1999. Occasional outbreak pockets of this disease still occur in some locations creating unease that the return of a new and more virulent form of this disease will strike the swine industry in the future.
Although the United States was declared free of CSF in 1978, the disease plagued the country’s swine industry for a century and continues to remain an important threat to the pork industry3, as it is currently present in neighboring countries such as Cuba, Haiti, the Dominican Republic, and Mexico. Keeping the U.S. free of CSF remains a high priority for APHIS and the swine industry, especially to protect the burgeoning pork export market. Both Pseudorabies and CSF are highly contagious and may be transmitted easily making them extremely difficult to contain.
The mission of the USDA and APHIS includes safeguarding agricultural resources from disease and monitoring livestock in the U.S. for not only the presence of potentially crippling pathogens, but the risk factors surrounding them. Previous NAHMS Swine studies in 1995 and 2000 examined a wide variety of husbandry practices and biosecurity measures prevalent in swine farms throughout the country. However, these studies focused on swine farms with 100 or more pigs as this is how the majority of swine are raised on larger operations. Risk factors for the reintroduction of Pseudorabies and CSF to the pork industry may exist beyond this previously sampled population. The small enterprise population would include not only smaller swine operations (< 100 pigs onsite) but geographic areas not covered by previous NAHMS studies. This information will provide a more complete picture of this aspect of the swine industry as it relates to the risk of introduction of these two diseases.
Statutory authority to collect and disseminate animal health data is granted by
7 U.S.C. § 391, the Animal Industry Act of 1884, which established the precursor of APHIS, Veterinary Services, Bureau of Animal Industry. Legal requirements for examining and reporting on animal disease control methods were further mandated by 7 U.S.C. § 8308 of the Animal Health Protection Act, “Detection, Control, and Eradication of Diseases and Pests,” May 13, 2002. This collection of swine data is consistent with the APHIS mission of protecting and improving American agriculture’s productivity and competitiveness. APHIS is collecting information that is not available from any other source on the general health and management practices, such as biosecurity procedures, used on farms with fewer than 100 pigs.
Large Enterprise Component
The large enterprise component of Swine 2006 is part of an ongoing series of NAHMS’ studies on the U.S. swine population. The first NAHMS’ swine study was performed in 1990, which provided a baseline for the 2006 study. The National Swine Survey of 1990 was the first statistically-valid national on-farm data collection by NAHMS. The objectives of the study were to provide information on the production and health levels of the United States’ swine herd(s), and to suggest factors that may affect preweaning morbidity and mortality. Ultimately, this project provided baseline information on U.S. swine/pork productivity, water quality in farrowing facilities, health of farrowing sows and piglets from birth to weaning, and prevalence of transmissible gastroenteritis, swine influenza, and other swine pathogens which were economically significant to the industry at the time. 81% of the U.S. swine herd was represented in that study. Subsequent studies were performed in 1995 and 2000.
Swine ‘95: Grower/Finisher began NAHMS' second national on-farm monitoring activity. Data was collected from operations in 16 of the largest swine-producing States. Most of the data collected from this study was compared with data collected during the 1990 National Swine Survey to determine industry trends and detect changes in management practices and animal health. Swine ’95 obtained baseline information on all phases of swine production as well as an in-depth focus on grower/finisher productivity and management. The subsampling phase of Swine ’95 collected fecal and blood samples which were tested for the presence of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome virus, Salmonella, E. coli, and other swine pathogens which have an economic impact on swine operations. 91% of the U.S. swine herd was represented in that study.
The Swine 2000 Study gathered information that described changes in management practices and animal health in swine operations from 1990 and 1995 to 2000. Data was collected from operations in 17 States to describe management practices in swine operations that might impact product quality. Swine 2000 also identified factors associated with shedding of specific pathogens, described antimicrobial usage, and described animal health management practices and their relationships to swine health. Almost 95% of the U.S. swine herd(s) was represented in the study.
Small Enterprise Component
The small enterprise study will add to the ongoing series of NAHMS studies on the U.S. swine population4. The first NAHMS swine study, which provided a baseline for future NAHMS swine studies, was performed in 1990. The study objectives were to provide information on the production and health levels of the United States’ swine herd, and to suggest factors that may affect preweaning morbidity and mortality. Subsequent studies were performed in 1995 and 2000. None of these studies included risk factors of small enterprises and the possible impacts related to CSF and Pseudorabies.
The National Swine Survey, 1990, was the first statistically-valid, national on-farm data collection by NAHMS. This project provided baseline information on the U.S. productivity, management, and health of farrowing sows and piglets from birth to weaning, prevalence of transmissible gastroenteritis, swine influenza, and other swine pathogens which were economically significant to the industry, and water quality in farrowing facility. Eighty-one percent of the U.S. swine herd from 18 States was represented in that study.
Swine ‘95: Grower/Finisher, began NAHMS' second national on-farm monitoring activity. Data were collected from operations in 16 of the largest swine-producing States. Most of the data collected from this study were compared with data collected during the 1990 National Swine Survey to determine industry trends and detect changes in management practices and animal health. Swine ’95 obtained baseline information on all phases of swine production as well as an in-depth focus on grower/finisher productivity and management. The subsampling phase of Swine ’95 collected fecal and blood samples which were tested for the presence of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome virus, Salmonella, E. coli, and other swine pathogens which have an economic impact on swine operations or impact public health. Ninety-one percent of the U.S. swine herd was represented in that study.
Swine 2000 gathered information that described changes in management practices and animal health in swine operations from 1990 and 1995 to 2000. Data were collected from operations in the top 17 swine-producing States to describe the management in swine operations that might impact product quality. Swine 2000 also identified factors associated with shedding of specific pathogens related to porcine respiratory distress syndrome, described antimicrobial usage, and described animal health management practices and their relationships to swine health. The subsampling phase of Swine 2000 collected feed, fecal, and blood samples which were tested for particle size, Salmonella, Campylobacter, Yersinia, Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome virus, Swine Influenza virus, Mycoplasma, and Toxoplasma. Almost ninety-five percent of the U.S. swine herd was represented in the study.
A fourth national data collection effort will be initiated for swine through NAHMS Swine 2006 large enterprise component. NAHMS personnel have completed a needs assessment which was a collaborative effort with producers, industry, extension specialists, Federal and State personnel, and university researchers. Information gathered through this collaborative needs assessment effort is being used to determine the study objectives. The data collected through this small enterprise component of Swine 06 will be used to establish a baseline of management practices for small enterprises as well as provide insight into current challenges in preventing a reoccurrence of CSF or Pseudorabies.
2. Indicate how, by whom, and for what purpose the information is to be used. Except for a new collection, indicate the actual use the agency has made of the information received from the current collection.
Data collected, analyzed, and interpreted is disseminated to a wide variety of constituents. Producers will use the information to compare their operation’s animal health and productivity with other herds regionally and nationally. Producer groups and veterinarians will use information derived from analyses to improve preventive measures and information outreach efforts. Pharmaceutical and biologics companies will use the information to plan and develop research and marketing strategies for their products. Extension specialists will use the information to identify diseases and disease trends. State and Federal officials responsible for regulatory veterinary medicine will use the information to gain a more complete picture of animal health as a basis for program planning and to direct funding. State and Federal officials will use the data to show the scientifically based information used to make decisions. Public health officials will use the information to estimate the magnitude of health conditions which affect public health. Research scientists will use the information to define current and future animal health issues and direct research funding. Veterinary and agricultural students in universities in the U.S. will use these data to determine the occurrence, potential risk factors, and cost of animal disease as a foundation for training in health management, animal welfare, nutrition, and environmental impacts.
APHIS will use the data collected from the large study to:
Predict or detect national and regional trends in disease emergence and movement such as the expansion or contraction of the incidence of Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome (PMWS) in pigs.
Address emerging issues such as the use of composting in the face of rendering companies reduction of numbers.
Examine the economic impact of health management practices through methods such as taking antimicrobial and vaccine practices enumerated in the first questionnaire and applying average costs of using these practices (e.g., the manufacturer’s catalogue cost of a vaccine product for Mycoplasma we know producers use based on the questionnaire).
Establish national and regional production measures (such as average farrowing rate) for producer, veterinary, and industry reference.
Provide estimates of both outcome (disease or other aspects such as litter size) and exposure (risks and components) variables that can be used in analytic studies in the future by APHIS.
Swine 2006 Large Enterprise Study Data Collection Forms
NAHMS-176, General Swine Farm Report Questionnaire – will be administered by a NASS enumerator to collect data on the producer’s swine inventory, management practices, preventive care practices, and chemical applications.
NAHMS-178, Initial Visit Questionnaire - will be administered by an APHIS designated data collector to collect data on inventory numbers, vaccination practices, and management practices. Upon completion, the form (without producer contact information is returned via U.S. Mail to NCAHS in Fort Collins Colorado, for data entry and validation, and a copy is retained by the data collector to facilitate validation.
NAHMS-179, Second Visit Questionnaire – will be administered by an APHIS Veterinary Medical Officer (VMO) to collect data on inventory, productivity over the past six months, biosecurity practices, environmental practices, and odor control practices. Upon completion, the form (without producer contact information) is returned via U.S. Mail to the NCAHS for data entry and validation and a copy is retained by the data collector to facilitate validation.
NAHMS-180, Blood Sample Questionnaire – will be used by the Federal VMO to collect blood samples from late finisher pigs (over twenty weeks of age), and collect information on the general health of the animals being bled. The blood samples will be sent to the National Veterinary Services Laboratory for analysis. Test results will be returned to the NCAHS and will be added to the farm record using a unique NAHMS identification number that is assigned to the farm during the initial interview.
NAHMS-181, Fecal/Tonsil Sample Questionnaire – will be used by the Federal VMO to collect fecal samples from late finisher pigs (over twenty weeks of age), and cull sows. VMOs will also take tonsil swabs of late finisher pigs. The samples will be sent to the National Agriculture Research Service Laboratory for analysis. Test results will be returned to the NCAHS and will be added to the farm record using a unique NAHMS identification number that is assigned to the farm during the initial interview.
NAHMS-183, Producer Agreement – is the first form that is presented to the participant by the APHIS designated data collector. This form helps NAHMS track the number of participants, and is designed to increase the participant’s understanding of the study focus, highlight confidentiality safeguards, and explain participation requirements. After completing the form with the participant, the data collector will review the form with the participant. The form will then be signed by the participant and the data collector. One copy of this agreement is left with the participant and one copy is retained by the data collector.
NAHMS-184, Producer Evaluation – this form will be mailed to all participants, and will be used to measure producer opinion on the study. Upon completion, the form will be returned via U.S. Mail to NCAHS for entry and analysis.
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APHIS will also use the data collected from the small enterprise component to:
Address emerging and reoccurring issues in disease control related to CSF and Pseudorabies.
Determine the impact of other diseases prevalent in larger commercial operations such as Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) on small farms.
Establish national and regional small enterprise production measures (such as average farrowing rate) for producer, veterinary, and industry reference.
Determine which information sources on swine are most likely to be used by the smaller producer and so provide industry and Government with the most effective conduit to dispense new information to this demographic.
NAHMS-177 – Swine 2006 Small Enterprise Questionnaire. This form will be sent out to participants via U.S. Mail. If a response is not received after 2 weeks, a reminder card will be sent out. If a response is still not received 2 weeks after the reminder card is sent (one month after the initial mailing), a NASS data collector will call the producer to administer the questionnaire via Computer Assisted Telephone Interview (CATI). Up to five calls will be made to administer the questionnaire, if no contact is made after five attempts, the respondent will be coded as inaccessible. There will not be any attempt to convert refusals other than a clear explanation of the importance of their voluntary participation in the initial phone call. Data from all completed mail questionnaires will be entered in a database by NASS. The CATI responses will be directly incorporated into the same database and no hard copy record will be available. Edit/validation specifications will be prepared by APHIS and incorporated by NASS.
3. Describe whether, and to what extent, the collection of information involves the use of automated, electronic, mechanical, or other technological collection techniques or other forms of information technology, e.g., permitting electronic submission of responses, and the basis for the decision for adopting this means of collection. Also describe any consideration of using information technology to reduce burden.
No automated, electronic, or mechanical techniques will be used to collect information for the large enterprise component of the Swine 2006 study. Since biological sampling is used, an on-farm visit is required and provides an opportunity for a data collector to administer the questionnaire.
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Up to five telephone calls will be made to all mail non respondents of the small enterprise component.
4. Describe efforts to identify duplication. Show specifically why any similar information already available cannot be used or modified for use for the purposes described in item 2 above.
Literature searches for existing data relevant to the large or small enterprise component of the Swine 2006 study have been performed. Available data was reviewed and compiled from all known sources. Sources reviewed include; cooperative state research, private industry and professional publications, diagnostic laboratories, other Federal and State agencies, the National Pork Board, the National Pork Producers Council (NPPC), and universities. Employees from Federal agencies and academia were consulted in their area of expertise to identify areas of potential duplication. No other entity/source is collecting and analyzing this type of information on the health of the U.S. swine industry.
5. If the collection of information impacts small businesses or other small entities (Item 5 of OMB 83-1), describe any methods used to minimize burden.
Both the large and small enterprise surveys conducted by the NCAHS are designed to collect the minimum amount of data required from a minimum number of swine producers to ensure statistically and scientifically valid data. Industry and producer input is solicited to ensure that information collected is relevant and timely. This is a voluntary program; it is at the discretion of the individual swine producer to decide whether or not it is desirable for them to participate.
6. Describe the consequences to Federal program or policy activities if the collection is not conducted or is conducted less frequently, as well as any technical or legal obstacles to reducing burden.
The status of the U.S. swine industry has been examined in 1990, 1995, 2000, and must continue with the collection of data regarding the health and management of large or small enterprise sites; such as the average level of production, prevailing production practices, biosecurity and movement practices, and frequency of health problems. In addition, it is imperative that APHIS continues to track disease levels through biologic sample testing, and maintain a bank of sera to preserve the capability to retrospectively examine the U.S. swine population. The type, quality, and frequency of data collected by the NAHMS through national on-farm collections is unique; no other entity is collecting this type of information in the U.S.
Without this type of national data, the U.S.’ ability to detect trends in management, production, and health status that increases/decreases farm economy either directly or indirectly would be reduced or nonexistent. The possibility of assessing the reduction of risk to human health from E. coli, Salmonella, or Campylobacter due to management changes based on NAHMS data would also be nonexistent. Furthermore, the ability to respond to international trade issues involving the health status of the U.S. swine population would be severely reduced, jeopardizing the global marketability of meat and byproducts.
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Small enterprises are an important area of interest which directly impact the U.S. pork industry as a whole. Determining the health status of the U.S. must be expanded beyond large commercial operations to include the small swine enterprise sector.
7. Explain any special circumstances that require the collection to be conducted in a manner inconsistent with the general information collection guidelines in 5 CFR 1320.5.
This information collection is consistent with guidelines established in 5 CFR 1320.5.
8. Describe efforts to consult with persons outside the agency to obtain their views on the availability of data, frequency of collection, the clarity of instructions and recordkeeping, disclosure, or reporting forms, and on the data elements to be recorded, disclosed, ore reported. If applicable, provide a copy and identify the date and page number of publication in the Federal Register of the agency's notice, soliciting comments on the information collection prior to submission to OMB.
The Agency’s notice of information collection activity was announced in the Federal Register on Friday, May 26, 2006, pages 30368-30370. No comments were received. A copy of the Federal Register notice is attached.
Consultants used for the Swine 2006 large and small enterprise study are:
Dr. Scott A Dee, University of Minnesota, Clinical and Population Sciences-Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Room 385C Animal Science/Vet Med, 1365 Gortner Ave, St Paul, MN 55108, 612-625-4786.
Dr. John Deen, University of Minnesota, Veterinary Population Medicine, 385A Animal Science/Vet Med, 1988 Fitch Ave, St Paul, MN 55108, 612-625-7784.
Dr. Robert B. Morrison, University of Minnesota, Veterinary Population Medicine, 385 Animal Science/Vet Med, 1988 Fitch Ave, St Paul, MN 55108, 612-625-9276.
Dr. Edward F Stephens, Two Rivers Outdoor Club, Inc. (618) 883-2977.
Jim Niewold, National Pork Board, Swine Health Committee Chairperson
1776 N.W. 114th Street Clive, IA 50325 (515) 223-2600, (515) 223-2646 (Fax)
Paul Sundberg, National Pork Board, Vice President Science and Technology
1776 N.W. 114th Street Clive, IA 50325 (515) 223-2600, (515) 223-2646 (Fax)
Explain any decision to provide any payment or gift to respondents, other than
remuneration of contractors or grantees.
There will be no payments or gifts provided to respondents.
10. Describe any assurance of confidentiality provided to respondents and the basis for the assurance in statute, regulation, or agency policy.
APHIS will only release study results based on summary estimates from the inference population. Only the NASS designated agents collecting on-farm data will have knowledge of the participant’s identity. All forms, data, and questionnaires will refer to the respondent by a numeric code, which is assigned by NASS. This link between participant and numeric code will be destroyed once data collection, entry, validation, and report dissemination are complete (except in those cases where the producer consented to participation in follow-on studies). All completed survey forms, without names and other identifying personal information, will be stored securely in a limited access records vault. In follow-on phases agreed to by respondents, no names, addresses, or other personal information is recorded on the questionnaire, therefore eliminating any connection between completed questionnaires or laboratory results and the respondent’s information.
NASS has statutory protection, under Title 7, Section 2276 of the U.S. Code, Confidentiality of Information, and additionally through the Confidentiality Information Protection and Statistical Efficiency Act (CIPSEA) of 2002, that guarantees NASS’s ability to keep individual farm data and associated producer names and addresses confidential. Acting under the capacity granted to Government statistical agencies, NASS designates APHIS personnel as designated agents providing researchers and field veterinarians with access to record level data critical to project scope.
Every NASS employee and designated agent that may handle a questionnaire, or data coming from a questionnaire, is required to sign a form certifying he/she understands the restrictions on the use of unpublished data. These documents reference protections provided by the aforementioned statutory and regulatory protections. Access to record-level data files is always restricted and these files are only accessible by NASS employees or designated agents. Designated agents are never provided access to NASS respondents’ names and addresses without producer consent.
11. Provide additional justification for any questions of a sensitive nature, such as sexual behavior or attitudes, religious beliefs, and other matters that are commonly considered private. This justification should include the reasons why the agency considers the questions necessary, the specific uses to be made of the information, the explanation to be given to persons from whom the information is requested, and any steps to be taken to obtain their consent.
There are no questions of a sensitive nature used in this collection activity.
12. Provide estimates of the hour burden of the collection of information. Indicate the number of respondents, frequency of response, annual hour burden, and an explanation of how the burden was estimated.
Indicate the number of respondents, frequency of response, annual hour burden, and an explanation of how the burden was estimated. If this request for approval covers more than one form, provide separate hour burden estimates for each form and aggregate the hour burdens in Item 13 of OMB Form 83-1.
Provide estimates of annualized cost to respondents for the hour burdens for collections of information, identifying and using appropriate wage rate categories..
A total of 8,269 burden hours are needed to complete the large enterprise component of this information collection activity. A detailed burden estimate has been included on the enclosed APHIS 71 Form.
Respondent costs: Estimated respondent costs for the information collection proposed is calculated based on an on-farm data collection estimate of $9.14 per hour5. The total respondent cost for the large enterprise component of the Swine 2006 Study is $75,578.66.
A total of 3,500 burden hours are needed to complete the small enterprise component of this information collection activity. A detailed burden estimate has been included on the enclosed APHIS 71 Form.
Respondent costs: Estimated respondent costs for the information collection proposed is calculated based on an on-farm data collection estimate of $9.14 per hour6. The total respondent cost for the Swine 2006 Small Enterprise Study is $31,9907.
The combined total of 11,769 burden hours as indicated on the APHIS 71 equates to a total respondent cost of $107,568.66.
13. Provide estimates of the total annual cost burden to respondents or recordkeepers resulting from the collection of information, (do not include the cost of any hour burden shown in items 12 and 14). The cost estimates should be split into two components: (a) a total capital and start-up cost component annualized over its expected useful life; and (b) a total operation and maintenance and purchase of services component.
There are no capital/start up costs or ongoing operations and maintenance costs associated with this information collection.
14. Provide estimates of annualized cost to the Federal Government. Provide a description of the method used to estimate cost and any other expense that would not have been incurred without this collection of information.
The estimated cost to the Federal Government for the large enterprise component is $267,530.53. For more specific information, please see the enclosed APHIS 79 form.
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The estimated cost to the Federal Government to administer the small enterprise component of Swine 2006 is $118,719.17. For more specific information, please see the enclosed APHIS 79 form.
The combined estimated cost to the Federal Government for both the large and small enterprise components is $386,249.70.
15. Explain the reasons for any program changes or adjustments reported in Items 13 or 14 of the OMB Form 83-1.
This is a new collection to investigate current issues and examine general health and management practices of swine used on farms. The information collected through this study will be used by APHIS to identify the prevalence of risk factors for reintroduction of diseases in the population at risk.
16. For collections of information whose results are planned to be published, outline plans for tabulation and publication.
Information from this survey will be summarized immediately following the data collection and validation phase. Data will be entered into a database management system utilizing microcomputers or workstations, and statistical calculations will be performed; e.g., descriptive statistics including frequency distribution, and prevalence and point estimates of producer opinions. Variance measures and confidence intervals for the point estimates will be calculated in order to describe the precision of the descriptive statistics generated. Findings will be utilized as inputs for computer modeling, so that prediction of future events can be estimated.
Considerable effort has been placed on reducing the time between the end of data collection and release of a final publication. Hardcopy information from the study will be made available to swine producers, universities, researchers, practitioners, animal health related industries, Federal agencies, legislators, and any other interested parties. Copies of current and past information sheets from the NAHMS are available at: http://www.aphis.usda.gov/vs/ceah/ncahs/nahms/.
17. If seeking approval to not display the expiration date for OMB approval of the information collection, explain the reasons that display would be inappropriate.
APHIS is not seeking approval to not display the expiration date for OMB approval on the forms used in this collection.
18. Explain each exception to the certification statement identified in the "Certification for Paperwork Reduction Act."
APHIS is able to certify compliance with all provisions under the Act.
1 The National Center for Animal Health Surveillance is responsible for collecting national data on animal health and productivity from voluntary participants
2 Arkansas, Colorado, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Texas, Wisconsin.
3 For more information please visit: http://www.ars.usda.gov/research/projects/projects.htm?ACCN_NO=403776
4 Additional information and publications resulting from previous studies are available at: http://www.aphis.usda.gov/vs/ceah/ncahs/nahms/swine/.
5 NASS Farm Labor, published report for 2005, released November 18, 2005.
6 NASS Farm Labor, published report for 2005, released November 18, 2005.
7 Individual respondent cost is determined to be $4.57 per producer – or $9,597 for the entire producer community.
| File Type | application/msword |
| File Title | SUPPORTING STATEMENT FOR INFORMATION COLLECTION BY THE CENTERS FOR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND ANIMAL HEALTH, |
| Author | cquatrano |
| Last Modified By | cbsickles |
| File Modified | 2007-03-20 |
| File Created | 2007-03-20 |