Form 990-PF, Return of Private Foundation or Section 4947(a)(1) Nonexempt Charitable Trust Treated as a Private Foundation and Form 4720, Return of Certain Excise Taxes on Charities and Other

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Instructions for Form 4720

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2005

Department of the Treasury
Internal Revenue Service

Instructions for Form 4720
Return of Certain Excise Taxes on Charities and
Other Persons Under Chapters 41 and 42 of the
Internal Revenue Code
(Sections 170(f)(10), 4911, 4912, 4941, 4942,
4943, 4944, 4945, 4955, and 4958)
Section references are to the Internal Revenue Code unless otherwise noted.
Contents
Purpose of Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Who Must File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Where To File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
When To File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Extension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Name, Address, etc. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Signature and Verification . . . . . . . . .
Attachments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Organizations Organized or Created
in a Foreign Country or U.S.
Possession . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tax Payments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rounding Off to Whole Dollars . . . . . .
Penalties and Interest . . . . . . . . . . . .
Abatement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Initial Tax Liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Completing the Schedules . . . . . . . . .
Specific Instructions for Page 1 . . . . .
Schedule A — Initial Taxes on
Self-Dealing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Schedule B — Initial Tax on
Undistributed Income . . . . . . . . . .
Schedule C — Initial Tax on Excess
Business Holdings . . . . . . . . . . . .
Schedule D — Initial Taxes on
Investments That Jeopardize
Charitable Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . .
Schedule E — Initial Taxes on Taxable
Expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Schedule F — Initial Taxes on Political
Expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Schedule G — Tax on Excess
Lobbying Expenditures . . . . . . . . .
Schedule H — Taxes on Disqualifying
Lobbying Expenditures . . . . . . . . .
Schedule I — Initial Taxes on Excess
Benefit Transactions . . . . . . . . . . .
Privacy Act and Paperwork Reduction
Act Notice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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Photographs of Missing
Children
The Internal Revenue Service is a proud
partner with the National Center for Missing
and Exploited Children. Photographs of
missing children selected by the Center may
appear in instructions on pages that would
otherwise be blank. You can help bring these
children home by looking at the photographs
and calling 1-800-THE-LOST (1-800-843-5678)
if you recognize a child.

How To Get Forms and
Publications
Internet

General Instructions
Purpose of Form
Use Form 4720 to figure and pay:

You can access the IRS website 24 hours a
day, 7 days a week, at www.irs.gov to:
• Download forms, instructions, and
publications,
• Order IRS products online,
• See answers to frequently asked tax
questions,
• Search publications online by topic or
keyword,
• Send us comments or request help via
email, or
• Sign up to receive local and national tax
news by email.

CD-ROM
You can order Publication 1796, 2005 IRS Tax
Products CD-ROM, and obtain:
• A CD that is released twice so you have the
latest products. The first release ships in late
December and the final release ships in late
February.
• Current year forms, instructions, and
publications.
• Prior year forms, instructions, and
publications.
• Tax Map: an electronic research tool and
finding aid.
• Tax law frequently asked questions (FAQs).
• Tax topics from the IRS telephone response
system.
• Fill-in, print, and save features for most tax
forms.
• Internal Revenue Bulletins.
• Toll-free and email technical support.
Buy the CD-ROM from the National
Technical Information Service (NTIS) at
www.irs.gov/cdorders for $25 (no handling fee)
or call 1-877-CDFORMS (1-877-233-6767) toll
free to buy the CD-ROM for $25 (plus a $5
handling fee).

By Phone and In Person
You can order forms and publications by
calling 1-800-TAX-FORMS (1-800-829-3676).
You can also get most forms and publications
at your local IRS office.

Phone Help
If you have questions and/or need help
completing this form, please call
1-877-829-5500. This toll-free telephone
service is available Monday through Friday.
Cat. No. 13023Z

• The initial taxes on private foundations,

foundation managers, and self-dealers under
sections 4941 through 4945 for self-dealing,
failure to distribute income, excess business
holdings, investments that jeopardize
charitable purpose, and taxable expenditures;
• The section 4911 tax on excess lobbying
expenditures by public charities that have
elected to be subject to section 501(h)
regarding expenditures to influence legislation
(Private foundations and section 4947(a) trusts
are not eligible to make this election.);
• The section 4912 tax on excess lobbying
expenditures that result in loss of section
501(c)(3) tax-exempt status;
• The section 4955 tax imposed on any
amount paid or incurred by a section 501(c)(3)
organization that participates or intervenes in
any political campaign on behalf of, or in
opposition to, any candidate for public office;
• The section 4958 initial taxes on disqualified
persons and organization managers of section
501(c)(3) (except private foundations) and
section 501(c)(4) organizations that engage in
excess benefit transactions; and
• The section 170(f)(10) tax on any premiums
paid on a personal benefit contract in
connection with a transfer to an organization or
charitable remainder trust for which a
charitable deduction is not allowed to the
transferor.

Who Must File
Private foundations and section 4947(a)
trusts. Generally, Form 4720 must be filed by
all organizations, including foreign
organizations, that answered “Yes” to question
1b, 1c, 2b, 3b, 4a, 4b, or 5b in Part VII-B of
Form 990-PF; or “Yes” to question 1b, 1c, 3b,
4a, 4b, or 5b in Part VI-B of Form 5227. A trust
described in section 4947(a)(2) is considered a
private foundation insofar as it is subject to
Chapter 42 provisions.
Public charities making excess lobbying
expenditures. Public charities that made the
election under section 501(h) and owe tax on
excess lobbying expenditures as figured on
Schedule A (Form 990 or 990-EZ), Part VI-A,
must file Form 4720 to report the liability and
pay the tax (Schedule G).
Certain organizations (and possibly their
managers) whose section 501(c)(3) status is
revoked because of excess lobbying activities
are subject to a 5% excise tax on their lobbying
expenditures.

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Instructions for Form 4720

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Organizations making political
expenditures. All section 501(c)(3)
organizations that make a political expenditure
must file Form 4720 to report the liability and
pay the tax. Organization managers may report
any first tier tax they owe on Schedule F of
Form 4720. (See Schedule F instructions for
the definition of political expenditures.)
Charitable organizations that make certain
premium payments on personal benefit
contracts. Form 4720 must be filed by any
organization described in section 170(c) or
section 664(d) that answered “Yes” to question
(b) in Part X of Form 990, question 6b in Part
VII-B of Form 990-PF, or question 6b in Part
VI-B of Form 5227.
Self-dealers, disqualified persons,
foundation managers, and organization
managers. If you are a self-dealer,
disqualified person, foundation manager, or
organization manager and you have the same
tax year as the foundation or organization, you
may report any first tier tax you owe on the
Form 4720 filed by the foundation or
organization. Managers, self-dealers, and
disqualified persons who do this are
responsible for the parts that relate to taxes
they owe and should include their own check
or money order, payable to the United States
Treasury, with the return.
Self-dealers, disqualified persons,
foundation managers, and organization
managers who owe tax under Chapter 41 or 42
and do not have the same tax year or do not
sign the return of the foundation or
organization must file a separate return on
Form 4720 showing the tax owed and the
name of the foundation or organization for
which you owe tax. If you file a separate Form
4720, enter your tax year at the top of the form.
Enter your name, address, and taxpayer
identification number in Part II-A. Complete all
the information the form requires, to the extent
possible, that applies to your liability.

Where To File
To file Form 4720, mail or deliver it to:
Internal Revenue Service Center
Ogden, UT 84201-0027

When To File
Part I taxes. File Form 4720 by the due date
(not including extensions) for filing the
organization’s Form 990-PF, Form 990, Form
990-EZ, or Form 5227.
If the regular due date falls on a Saturday,
Sunday, or legal holiday, file by the next
business day.
Affiliated group member. For members
of an affiliated group of organizations that have
different tax years, and who are filing Form
4720 to report tax under section 4911, the tax
year of the affiliated group is the calendar year,
unless all members of the group elect under
Regulations section 56.4911-7(e)(5) to make a
member’s year the group’s tax year.
Part II taxes. If you are a manager,
self-dealer, or disqualified person owing taxes
under Chapter 41 or 42 and filing a separate
Form 4720, and your tax year ends on the
same date as the organization, you must file by
the due date for filing Form 990-PF, Form
5227, Form 990, or Form 990-EZ of the
organization for which you owe tax. If your tax
year ends on a date different from that of the
organization, you must file a Form 4720 by the
15th day of the 5th month after your tax year
ends.
If the regular due date falls on a Saturday,
Sunday, or legal holiday, file by the next
business day.

Extension
If you cannot file Form 4720 by the due date,
you may request an automatic 3-month
extension of time to file by using Form 8868,
Application for Extension of Time To File an
Exempt Organization Return. The automatic
3-month extension will be granted if you
properly complete this form, file it, and pay any
balance due by the due date for Form 4720.
Form 8868 is also used to request an
additional extension of time to file; however,
these extensions are not automatically granted.

Name, Address, etc.
The name, address, and employer
identification number of the private foundation
or public charity should be the same as shown
on Form 990-PF, Form 5227, Form 990, Form
990-EZ, and Schedule A (Form 990 or
990-EZ). If you are a self-dealer, foundation
manager, disqualified person, or organization
manager filing a separate Form 4720, enter
your name, address, and taxpayer
identification number in Part II-A.
Include the suite, room, or other unit
number after the street address.
If the Post Office does not deliver mail to
the street address, show the P.O. box number
instead of the street address.
If you want a third party (such as an
accountant or an attorney) to receive mail for
the foundation or charity, enter on the street
address line “C/O” followed by the third party’s
name and street address or P.O. box.

Signature and Verification
If you are an organization manager, foundation
manager, disqualified person, or self-dealer,
you should sign only in the spaces that apply,
whether you use the return of the foundation or
organization as your return, or file separately.
If you are signing on behalf of the
foundation or organization and also because of
personal tax liability, you must sign twice. You
sign:
1. On behalf of the foundation or
organization, and
2. For your own personal tax liability.
For a corporation (or an association), the
form may be signed by one of the following:
president, vice president, treasurer, assistant
treasurer, chief accounting officer, or other
corporate officer (such as tax officer).
For a manager or self-dealer that is a
partnership, Form 4720 is signed by a partner
or partners authorized to sign the partnership
return.
If the return is filed on behalf of a trust, the
authorized trustee(s) must sign it.
A receiver, trustee, or assignee required to
file any return on behalf of an individual, a
trust, estate, partnership, association, company
or corporation must sign the Form 4720 filed
for these taxpayers.
Also, a person with a valid power of
attorney may sign for the organization,
foundation, manager, or self-dealer. Include a
copy of the power of attorney with the return.
Any person, firm, or corporation that
prepared the return for a fee must also sign it
and fill in the address of the preparer. If a firm
or corporation prepares the return, it should be
signed in the name of the firm or corporation.

same order as on the printed form. Show the
totals on the printed form.
Enter the organization’s name and EIN on
each sheet. Use sheets that are the same size
as the form and indicate clearly the line of the
printed form to which the information relates.

Organizations Organized or
Created in a Foreign Country
or U.S. Possession
Report all amounts in U.S. currency (state
conversion rate used) and give information in
English. Report items in total, including
amounts and transactions from both inside and
outside the United States.
Sections 4941 through 4945 and section
4955 do not apply to foreign private
foundations that receive substantially all of
their support (other than gross investment
income) from sources outside the United
States. These organizations must complete
this form and file it in the same manner as
other private foundations. However, these
organizations as well as foundation managers
and self-dealers, do not have to pay any tax
that would otherwise be due on this return.

Tax Payments
Managers, self-dealers, and disqualified
persons paying tax on the organization’s Form
4720 must pay with the return the tax that
applies to them as shown in Part II-A, page 1.
Managers, self-dealers, and disqualified
persons who file separate Forms 4720 must
pay the applicable tax with their separate
returns. When managers do not sign the
organization’s Form 4720 to report their own
tax liability, the amount of tax they owe should
not be entered in Part II-B, line 1.
Payment by a private foundation of any
taxes owed by the foundation managers or
self-dealers will result in additional taxes under
the self-dealing and taxable expenditure
provisions. Managers and self-dealers should
pay taxes imposed on them with their own
check or money order.
Disqualified persons and organization
managers should pay taxes on excess benefit
transactions that are imposed on them with
their own check or money order. Any
reimbursement of a disqualified person’s tax
liability from excess benefit transactions by the
organization will be treated as an excess
benefit transaction subject to the tax unless the
organization included the reimbursement in the
disqualified person’s compensation and the
disqualified person’s total compensation was
reasonable. See the instructions to Schedule I
on page 7 for information on excess benefit
transactions.

Rounding Off to Whole
Dollars
You may round off cents to whole dollars on
your return and schedules. If you do round to
whole dollars, you must round all amounts. To
round, drop amounts under 50 cents and
increase amounts from 50 to 99 cents to the
next dollar. For example, $1.39 becomes $1
and $2.50 becomes $3.
If you have to add two or more amounts to
figure the amount to enter on a line, include
cents when adding the amounts and round off
only the total.

Penalties and Interest

Attachments
If you need more space, attach separate
sheets showing the same information in the

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There are penalties for failure to file or to pay
tax. There are also penalties for willful failure to
file, supply information or pay tax, and for filing

Form 4720 Instructions

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Instructions for Form 4720

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fraudulent returns and statements, that apply to
public charities, private foundations, managers,
and self-dealers who are required to file this
return. See sections 6651, 7203, 7206, and
7207. Also, see section 6684 for penalties that
relate to tax liability under Chapter 42.
Interest at the underpayment rate
established under section 6621 is charged for
any unpaid tax. The interest on underpayments
is in addition to any penalties.

Abatement
See section 4962 for rules on abatement,
refund, or relief from payment of first tier taxes
under sections 4942 through 4945, 4955, and
4958. To request abatement, refund, or relief
under section 4962, write “Request for
Abatement Under Section 4962” in the top
margin of Form 4720, page 1.

Initial Tax Liability
If you pay an initial tax on self-dealing or on
investments that jeopardize charitable purpose
(figured on Schedules A and D of Form 4720,
respectively) for tax year 2005, the payment
may not satisfy the entire tax liability for an act
of self-dealing or a jeopardy investment. (For
the definition of self-dealing, see the
instructions for Schedule A of this form; for the
definition of jeopardy investment, see the
instructions for Schedule D of this form.)
Paying the tax and filing a Form 4720 are
required for each year or part of a year in the
taxable period that applies to the act or
investment. Generally, the taxable period
begins with the date of the act or investment
and ends with the date corrective action is
completed, a notice of deficiency is mailed, or
the tax is assessed, whichever comes first.
Similar rules apply for the initial tax liability
resulting from failing to distribute income
(Schedule B) and from acquiring excess
business holdings (Schedule C). Thus, the
initial tax liability for those taxes continues to
accrue until the date a notice of deficiency is
mailed, the violation is corrected, or the tax is
assessed, whichever comes first.

Completing the Schedules
Before completing any of the schedules in this
return, read the applicable instructions. If any
completed schedule shows taxes owed, enter
them on page 1 of this return.
The instructions for Schedules A through F
describe acts or transactions subject to tax
under Chapter 42. Also, refer to Pub. 578, Tax
Information for Private Foundations and
Foundation Managers, for a list of exceptions
that eliminate any tax liability that would
otherwise be shown on Schedules A and E. Do
not complete Schedules A and E if exceptions
apply to all the acts or transactions. Question A
on page 1 and Schedules A, B, C, D, and E do
not apply to public charities.
Before completing Schedule C, determine
whether the foundation has excess holdings in
any business enterprise. If the foundation has
holdings subject to the tax on excess business
holdings, complete Schedule C for each
enterprise.
Before completing Schedule D, determine
whether the investment was program related. If
not, complete Schedule D for each investment
for which you answered “Yes” to Form 990-PF,
Part VII-B, question 4a or b, or Form 5227,
Part VI-B, question 4a or b.

Form 4720 Instructions

Specific Instructions for
Page 1
Question B. To avoid additional taxes and
penalties under sections 4941 through 4945,
4955, and 4958, and in some cases further
initial taxes on the foundation, organization,
and related persons, a foundation,
organization, disqualified person, or manager
must correct the taxable event within the
correction period. The taxable event is the act,
failure to act, or transaction that resulted in the
liability for initial taxes under these provisions.
Generally, the correction period begins on
the date the event occurs and ends 90 days
after the mailing date of a notice of deficiency,
under section 6212, in connection with the
second tier tax imposed on that taxable event.
That time is extended by:
• Any period in which a deficiency cannot be
assessed under section 6213(a) because a
petition to the Tax Court for redetermination of
the deficiency is pending, not extended by any
supplemental proceeding by the Tax Court
under section 4961(b), regarding whether
correction was made, and
• Any other period the IRS determines is
reasonable and necessary to correct the
taxable event.
The taxable event will be treated as
occurring:
• For the tax on failure to distribute income, on
the first day of the tax year for which there was
a failure to distribute income,
• For the tax on excess business holdings, on
the first day on which there were excess
business holdings, or
• In any other case, on the date the event
occurred.
Generally, the term “correction” has the
following meanings.
1. Section 4941 (Schedule A) — Undoing
the transaction to the extent possible, but in
any case placing the private foundation in a
financial position not worse than that in which it
would be if the disqualified person were
dealing under the highest fiduciary standards.
2. Section 4942 (Schedule B) — Making
sufficient qualifying distributions to compensate
for deficient qualifying distributions for a prior
tax year.
3. Section 4943 (Schedule C) — Action that
results in the foundation no longer having
excess business holdings in a business
enterprise.
4. Section 4944 (Schedule D) — An
investment is considered to be removed from
jeopardy when the investment is sold or
otherwise disposed of, and the proceeds of
such sale or other disposition are not
investments that jeopardize the carrying out of
the foundation’s exempt purposes.
5. Section 4945 (Schedule E) —
a. Recovering part or all of the expenditure
to the extent recovery is possible, and where
full recovery is not possible, such additional
corrective action as is prescribed by
regulations, or
b. Obtaining or making the report in
question for a case that fails to comply with
section 4945(h)(2) or (3) (expenditure
responsibility).
6. Section 4955 (Schedule F) —
Recovering part or all of the expenditure to the
extent recovery is possible, establishment of
safeguards to prevent future political
expenditures, and where full recovery is not
possible, such additional corrective action as is
prescribed by the regulations.

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7. Section 4958 (Schedule I) — Undoing
the excess benefit to the extent possible and
taking any additional measures necessary to
place the organization in a financial position
not worse than that in which it would be if the
disqualified person had been dealing under the
highest fiduciary standards.
If, when the return is filed, the foundation,
organization, managers, disqualified persons,
or self-dealers have corrected any acts or
transactions resulting in liability for tax under
Chapter 42, answer “Yes” to question B and
give the following information separately for
each correction:
• Schedule and item number of the act or
transaction that has been corrected,
• A description of the act or transaction that
resulted in the tax,
• A detailed description of the correction
made,
• The amount of any political expenditure
recovered,
• Description of safeguards to prevent future
political expenditures, and
• The date of correction.
For any acts or transactions the foundation,
organization, managers, disqualified persons,
or self-dealers have not corrected, give the
following information separately for each act:
• Schedule and item number of the act or
transaction that has not been corrected,
• A description of the act or transaction, and
• A detailed explanation of why correction has
not been made and what steps are being taken
to make the correction.
If you are correcting deficient distributions
under section 4942 where an election under
section 4942(h)(2) was filed with the IRS,
provide a copy of the election. See the
instructions for Form 990-PF, Part XIII, lines 4b
and 4c for more information.

Part I
Line 8
If the organization has an entry on this

TIP line, it must also file Form 8870.
Enter the total of all premiums paid by the
organization on any personal benefit contract if
the payment of premiums is in connection with
a transfer for which a deduction is not allowed
under section 170(f)(10)(A). Also, if there is an
understanding or expectation that any person
will directly or indirectly pay any premium on a
personal benefit contract for the transferor,
include those premium payments in the
amount entered on this line.
A personal benefit contract is (to the
transferor) any life insurance, annuity, or
endowment contract that benefits directly or
indirectly the transferor, a member of the
transferor’s family, or any other person
designated by the transferor (other than an
organization described in section 170(c)).
For more information, see Notice 2000-24,
2000-17 I.R.B. 952.

Part II-A
Columns (a) and (b). List the names,
addresses, and taxpayer identification number
of all persons who owe tax in connection with
the foundation or organization, whether as
managers, self-dealers, or disqualified
persons, as shown in Schedules A, D, E, F, H,
and I.
Column (c). For each person listed in column
(a), enter the sum of:
1. Taxes that person owes as a
self-dealer, from Schedule A, Part II, column
(d), and

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Instructions for Form 4720

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2. Tax for acts of self-dealing in which the
individual participated as a foundation
manager, from Schedule A, Part III, column (d).
Column (d). Enter for each person listed in
column (a) the tax on jeopardy investments
from Schedule D, Part II, column (d), that the
individual took part in as a foundation
manager.
Column (e). Enter for each person listed in
column (a) the tax on taxable expenditures
from Schedule E, Part II, column (d), that the
individual took part in as a foundation
manager.
Column (f). Enter for each person listed in
column (a) the tax on political expenditures
from Schedule F, Part II, column (d), that the
individual took part in as an organization or
foundation manager.
Column (g). Enter for each person listed in
column (a) the tax on disqualifying lobbying
expenditures from Schedule H, Part II, column
(d), that the individual took part in as an
organization manager.
Column (h). For each person listed in column
(a), enter the sum of:
1. Taxes that person owes as a
disqualified person, from Schedule I, Part II,
column (d), and
2. Tax on excess benefit transactions in
which the organization manager participated
knowing that the transaction was improper,
from Schedule I, Part III, column (d).
A person’s liability for tax as a self-dealer,
manager, or disqualified person under sections
4912, 4941, 4944, 4945, 4955, and 4958 is
joint and several. Therefore, if more than one
person owes tax on an act as a manager,
self-dealer, or disqualified person, they may
apportion the tax among themselves. However,
when all managers, self-dealers, or disqualified
persons who are liable for tax on a particular
transaction under sections 4912, 4941, 4944,
4945, 4955, or 4958 pay less than the total tax
due on that transaction, then the IRS may
charge the amount owed to one or more of
them regardless of the tax apportionment
shown on this return.

Schedule A—Initial Taxes on
Self-Dealing
General Instructions
Requirement. All organizations that answered
“Yes” to question 1b or 1c in Part VII-B of Form
990-PF, or “Yes” to question 1b or 1c in Part
VI-B of Form 5227, must complete Schedule A.
Complete Parts I, II, and III of Schedule A only
in connection with acts that are subject to the
tax on self-dealing.
Paying the tax and filing a Form 4720 is
required for each year or part of a year in the
taxable period that applies to the act of
self-dealing. Generally, the taxable period
begins with the date on which the self-dealing
occurs and ends on the earliest of:
• The date a notice of deficiency is mailed
under section 6212, in connection with the
initial tax imposed on the self-dealer,
• The date the initial tax on the self-dealer is
assessed, or
• The date correction of the act of self-dealing
is completed.
Self-dealing. Self-dealing includes any direct
or indirect:
• Sale, exchange, or leasing of property
between a private foundation and a disqualified
person (see definitions in Form 990-PF
instructions),

• Lending of money or other extension of

credit between a private foundation and a
disqualified person,
• Furnishing of goods, services, or facilities
between a private foundation and a disqualified
person,
• Payment of compensation (or payment or
reimbursement of expenses) by a private
foundation to a disqualified person,
• Transfer to, or use by or for the benefit of, a
disqualified person of the income or assets of a
private foundation, and
• Agreement by a private foundation to make
any payment of money or other property to a
government official (see Pub. 578, Chapter V),
other than an agreement to employ or make a
grant to that individual for any period after the
end of government service if that individual will
be ending government service within a 90-day
period.
Exceptions to self-dealing. See Pub. 578
for a description of acts that are not considered
self-dealing.
Initial taxes on self-dealer. An initial tax of
5% of the amount involved is charged for each
act of self-dealing between a disqualified
person and a private foundation for each year
or part of a year in the taxable period. Any
disqualified person (other than a foundation
manager acting only as such) who takes part in
the act of self-dealing must pay the tax.
Initial taxes on foundation managers. When
a tax is imposed on a foundation manager for
an act of self-dealing, the tax will be 21/2% of
the amount involved in the act of self-dealing
for each year or part of a year in the taxable
period. However, the total tax imposed for all
years in the taxable period is limited to $10,000
for each act of self-dealing. The tax is imposed
on any foundation manager who took part in
the act knowing that it was self-dealing except
those foundation managers whose participation
was not willful and was due to reasonable
cause. Any foundation manager who took part
in the act of self-dealing must pay the tax.

Specific Instructions
Part I. List each act of self-dealing in Part I.
Enter in column (d) the number designation
from Form 990-PF, Part VII-B, question 1a, or
Form 5227, Part VI-B, question 1a, that applies
to the act. For example, “1a(1)” or “1a(4).”
Part II. Enter in column (a) the names of all
disqualified persons who took part in the acts
of self-dealing listed in Part I. If more than one
disqualified person took part in an act of
self-dealing, each is individually liable for the
entire tax in connection with the act. But the
disqualified persons who are liable for the tax
may prorate the payment among themselves.
Enter in column (c) the tax to be paid by each
disqualified person.
Carry the total amount in column (d) for
each self-dealer to page 1, Part II-A,
column (c).
Part III. Enter in column (a) the names of all
foundation managers who took part in the acts
of self-dealing listed in Part I, and who knew
that they were acts of self-dealing (except for
foundation managers whose participation was
not willful and was due to reasonable cause).
If more than one foundation manager took
part in the act of self-dealing, knowing that it
was such an act, and participation was willful
and not due to reasonable cause, each is
individually liable for the entire tax in
connection with the act. But the foundation
managers liable for the tax may prorate the
payment among themselves. Enter in column
(c) the tax to be paid by each foundation
manager.

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Carry the total amount in column (d) for
each foundation manager to page 1, Part II-A,
column (c).

Schedule B—Initial Tax on
Undistributed Income
Complete Schedule B if you answered “Yes” to
Form 990-PF, Part VII-B, question 2b.
An initial excise tax of 15% is imposed on a
private foundation’s undistributed income on
the first day of the second or any succeeding
tax year after the tax year in connection with
which income remains undistributed.
Use the 2005 Form 4720 to report the initial
tax on undistributed income for tax years
beginning in 2004 or earlier that remains
undistributed at the end of the foundation’s
current tax year beginning in 2005. The initial
tax will not apply to a private foundation’s
undistributed income:
• For any tax year it is an operating foundation
(as defined in section 4942(j)(3) and related
regulations or in section 4942(j)(5)), or
• To the extent it did not distribute an amount
solely because of an incorrect valuation of
assets, provided the foundation satisfies the
requirements of section 4942(a)(2), or
• For any year for which the initial tax was
previously assessed or a notice of deficiency
was issued.
Do not complete Schedule B for any year
for which any of the above provisions apply to
the undistributed income.

Schedule C—Initial Tax on
Excess Business Holdings
General Instructions
Private foundations are generally not permitted
to hold more than a 20% interest in an
unrelated business enterprise. They may be
subject to an excise tax on the amount of any
excess holdings.
Requirement. If you answered “Yes” to Form
990-PF, Part VII-B, question 3b, or Form 5227,
Part VI-B, question 3b, complete a Schedule C
for each business enterprise in which the
foundation had excess business holdings for its
tax year beginning in 2005.
Taxes. A private foundation that has excess
holdings in a business enterprise may become
liable for an excise tax based on the amount of
holdings. The initial tax is 5% of the value of
the excess holdings and is imposed on the last
day of each tax year that ends during the
taxable period. The excess holdings are
determined on the day during the tax year
when they were the largest.
If the foundation keeps the excess business
holdings after the initial tax has been imposed,
it becomes liable for an additional tax of 200%
of the remaining excess business holdings
unless it disposes of them within the taxable
period. However, if the foundation disposes of
its excess business holdings during the
correction period, the additional tax will not be
assessed or, if assessed, will be abated and if
collected, will be credited or refunded. See
Pub. 578 for information on the correction
period.
Business enterprise. In general, this means
the active conduct of a trade or business,
including any activity regularly conducted to
produce income from selling goods or
performing services, that is an unrelated trade
or business described in section 513.

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The term “business enterprise” does not
include a functionally related business as
defined in section 4942(j)(4). In addition,
business holdings do not include
program-related investments (such as
investments in small businesses in
economically depressed areas or in
corporations to assist in neighborhood
renovations) as defined in section 4944(c) and
related regulations. Also, business enterprise
does not include a trade or business at least
95% of the gross income of which comes from
passive sources. See Pub. 578.
Excess business holdings. Excess business
holdings is the amount of stock or other
interest in a business enterprise that the
foundation would have to dispose of to a
person other than a disqualified person in order
for the foundation’s remaining holdings in the
enterprise to be permitted holdings (section
4943(c)(1)). See Pub. 578.
Sole proprietorships. In general, a private
foundation may not have any permitted
holdings in a business enterprise that is a sole
proprietorship. For exceptions, see Pub. 578,
Chapter X. For a definition of sole
proprietorship, see Regulations section
53.4943-10(e).
Corporate voting stock. This stock entitles a
person to vote for the election of directors.
Treasury stock and stock that is authorized but
unissued is not voting stock for these
purposes. See Regulations sections
53.4943-3(b)(1)(ii) and 53.4943-3(b)(2)(ii).
For a partnership (including a limited
partnership) or joint venture, the term “profits
interest” should be substituted for “voting
stock.” For any unincorporated business
enterprise that is not a partnership, joint
venture, or sole proprietorship, the term
“beneficial interest” should be substituted for
“voting stock.” See Regulations section
53.4943-3(c).
Nonvoting stock. Corporate equity interests
that do not have voting power should be
classified as nonvoting stock. Evidences of
indebtedness (including convertible
indebtedness), warrants, and other options or
rights to acquire stock should not be
considered equity interests. See Regulations
section 53.4943-3(b)(2).
For a partnership (including a limited
partnership) or joint venture, the term “capital
interest” should be substituted for “nonvoting
stock.” For any unincorporated business that is
not a partnership, joint venture, or sole
proprietorship, references to nonvoting stock
do not apply for computation of permitted
holdings. See Regulations section
53.4943-3(c)(4).
Attribution of business holdings. In
determining the holdings in a business
enterprise of either a private foundation or a
disqualified person, any stock or other interest
owned directly or indirectly by or for a
corporation, partnership, estate, or trust is
considered owned proportionately by or for its
shareholders, partners, or beneficiaries. In
general, this rule does not apply to certain
income interests or remainder interests of a
private foundation in a split-interest trust
described in section 4947(a)(2). See
Regulations section 53.4943-8.
Taxable period. The taxable period begins on
the first day the foundation has excess
business holdings and ends on the earliest of:
• The mailing date of a notice of deficiency,
under section 6212, in connection with the
initial tax on excess business holdings related
to those holdings,
• The date the excess is eliminated, or

Form 4720 Instructions

• The date the initial tax on excess business

holdings related to those holdings is assessed.
When a notice of deficiency is not mailed
because the restrictions on assessment and
collection are waived or because the deficiency
is paid, the date of filing the waiver or the date
of paying the tax, respectively, will be treated
as the end of the taxable period. See
Regulations section 53.4943-9.

Exceptions to Tax on Excess Business
Holdings
2% De minimis rule. A private foundation will
not be treated as having excess business
holdings in any enterprise in which it, together
with related foundations as described in the
instructions for Form 990-PF (under the
definition for “disqualified person” in the
General Instructions) owns not more than 2%
of the voting stock and not more than 2% in
value of all outstanding shares of all classes of
stock.
Disposition of excess business holdings
within 90 days. Generally, when a private
foundation acquires excess business holdings
other than as a result of purchase by the
foundation (such as an acquisition by a
disqualified person), the foundation will not be
taxed on those excess holdings if it disposes of
enough of them so that it no longer has an
excess. To avoid the tax, the disposition must
take place within 90 days from the date the
foundation knew, or had reason to know, of the
event that caused it to have excess business
holdings. That 90-day period will be extended
to include the period during which federal or
state securities laws prevent the foundation
from disposing of those excess business
holdings. See Regulations section
53.4943-2(a).
General rules on the permitted holdings of
a private foundation in a business
enterprise. No excess business holdings tax
is imposed (a) if a private foundation and all
disqualified persons together hold no more
than 20% of the voting stock of a business
enterprise or (b) on nonvoting stock, if all
disqualified persons together do not own more
than 20% of the voting stock of the business
enterprise.
If the private foundation and all disqualified
persons together do not own more than 35% of
the enterprise’s voting stock, and effective
control is in one or more persons who are not
disqualified persons in connection with the
foundation, then 35% may be substituted for
20% wherever it appears in the preceding
paragraph. See sections 4943(c)(2) and
4943(c)(3).
If a private foundation and all disqualified
persons together had holdings in a business
enterprise of more than 20% of the voting stock
on May 26, 1969, substitute that percentage for
20% and for 35% (if the holding is greater than
35%), using the principles of section 4943(c)(4)
that apply. However, the percentage
substituted may not be more than 50%.
The percentage substituted under the
preceding paragraph is (a) subject to
reductions and limitations (see sections
4943(c)(4)(A)(ii) and 4943(c)(4)(D)) and (b)
applicable, both in connection with the voting
stock and, separately, in connection with the
value of all outstanding shares of all classes of
stock (see section 4943(c)(4)(A)(iii)).
Interests held by a private foundation on
May 26, 1969. For private foundations that
had business holdings on May 26, 1969 (or
holdings acquired by trust or will as described
below), that were more than the current limits
permit, there are transitional rules that permit
the foundation to dispose of the excess over

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time without being subject to the tax on excess
business holdings.
During the first phase, no excess business
holdings tax was imposed on a private
foundation for interests held since May 26,
1969, if the foundation had excess holdings on
that date. The first phase is:
• A 20-year period beginning on May 26,
1969, if on that date the foundation and all
disqualified persons held more than a 95%
voting interest in the enterprise (the 20-year
first phase expired on May 25, 1989);
• A 15-year period beginning on May 26,
1969, if on that date the foundation and all
disqualified persons together had more than a
75% voting stock interest (or more than a 75%
profits or beneficial interest of any
unincorporated business), or more than a 75%
interest in the value of all outstanding shares of
all classes of stock (or more than a 75% capital
interest of a partnership or joint venture) in the
enterprise (the 15-year first phase expired on
May 25, 1984); and
• A 10-year period beginning on May 26,
1969, in all other cases in which the foundation
had excess business holdings on May 26,
1969. The 10-year first phase expired on May
25, 1979.
During the second phase (the 15-year
period after the first phase), if the foundation’s
disqualified persons hold more than 2% of the
enterprise’s voting stock, the foundation will be
liable for tax if the foundation holds more than
25% of the voting stock or if the foundation and
its disqualified persons together hold more
than 50% of the voting stock.
However, during the second phase, if a
foundation’s disqualified persons purchase
voting stock in a business enterprise after July
18, 1984, causing the combined holdings of the
disqualified persons to exceed 2% of the
enterprise’s voting stock, the foundation has 5
years to reduce its holdings in the enterprise to
below its second phase limit before the
increase will be treated as held by the
foundation. See sections 4943(c)(4)(D) and
4943(c)(6).
The first-phase periods may be suspended
pending the outcome of any judicial proceeding
the private foundation brings regarding reform
or other procedure to excuse it from
compliance with its governing instrument or
similar instrument in effect on May 26, 1969.
See section 4943(c)(4)(C) and Regulations
section 53.4943-4.
Holdings acquired by trust or will. Holdings
acquired under the terms of a trust that was
irrevocable on May 26, 1969, or under the
terms of a will executed by that date, are
treated as held by the foundation on May 26,
1969, except that the 15- and 10-year periods
of the first phase for the holdings start on the
date of distribution under the trust or will
instead of on May 26, 1969. See section
4943(c)(5) and Regulations section 53.4943-5.
See section 4943(d)(1) and Regulations
section 53.4943-8 for rules relating to
constructive holdings held in a corporation,
partnership, estate, or trust for the benefit of
the foundation.
Gifts or bequests of business holdings.
Except as provided in the exception regarding
Holdings acquired by trust or will (discussed
above), there is a special rule for private
foundations that have excess business
holdings as a result of a change in holdings
after May 26,1969. This rule applies if the
change is other than by purchase by the
foundation or by disqualified persons (such as
through gift or bequest) and the additional
holdings result in the foundation having excess
business holdings. In that case, the foundation

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has 5 years to reduce these holdings or those
of its disqualified persons to permissible levels
to avoid the tax. See section 4943(c)(6) and
Regulations section 53.4943-6.
A private foundation that received an
unusually large gift or bequest of business
holdings after 1969, and that has made a
diligent effort to dispose of excess business
holdings, may apply for an additional 5-year
period to reduce its holdings to permissible
levels if certain conditions are met. See section
4943(c)(7).
Readjustments, distributions, or changes in
relative value of different classes of stock.
See Regulations section 53.4943-4(d)(10) for
special rules whereby increases in the
percentage of value of holdings in a
corporation that result solely from changes in
the relative values of different classes of stock
will not result in excess business holdings.
See Regulations section 53.4943-6(d) for
rules on treatment of increases in holdings due
to readjustments, distributions, or redemptions.
See Regulations section 53.4943-7 for
special rules for readjustments involving
grandfathered holdings.
Exceptions from self-dealing taxes on
certain dispositions of excess business
holdings. Section 101(I)(2)(B) of the Tax
Reform Act of 1969 provides for a limited
exception from self-dealing taxes for private
foundations that dispose of certain excess
business holdings to disqualified persons, as
long as the sales price equals or is more than
fair market value.
The excess business holdings involved are
interests that are subject to the section 4941
transitional rules for May 26, 1969, holdings.
These interests would also be subject to the
excess business holdings tax if they were not
reduced by the required amount.

Specific Instructions
Complete columns (a) and (b) of Schedule C if
sections 4943(c)(4), 4943(c)(3) (using the
principles of 4943(c)(4)), or 4943(c)(5) apply.
Complete column (a) and column (c) (if
applicable) if sections 4943(c)(2) or 4943(c)(3)
(using the principles of 4943(c)(2)) apply.
Complete Schedule C for that day during
the tax year when the foundation’s excess
holdings in the enterprise were largest.
Line 1. Enter in column (a) the percentage of
voting stock the foundation holds in the
business enterprise.
If the foundation is using the rules or
principles for determining present holdings
under section 4943(c)(4)(A) or (D), enter in
column (b) the percentage of value the
foundation holds in all outstanding shares of all
classes of stock.
Do not include in either column (a) or (b)
stock treated as held by disqualified persons:
• Under section 4943(c)(6) or Regulations
sections 53.4943-6 and 53.4943-10(d), or
• During the first phase if the first phase is still
in effect (see Regulations sections
53.4943-4(a), (b), and (c)).
Line 2. If the foundation is using the rules or
principles for determining present holdings
under section 4943(c)(4), refer to that section
and Regulations section 53.4943-4(d) to
determine which entries to record in columns
(a) and (b). Enter in column (a) the excess of
the substituted combined voting level over the
disqualified person voting level. Enter in
column (b) the excess of the substituted
combined value level over the disqualified
person value level.
If the foundation is using the rules or
principles for determining permitted holdings

under section 4943(c)(2), refer to that section
to determine which entries to record in column
(a). Enter in column (a) the percentage, using
the general rule (section 4943(c)(2)(A)) or the
35% rule (see section 4943(c)(2)(B)), if
applicable, of permitted holdings the foundation
may have in the enterprise’s voting stock. If the
foundation determines the permitted holdings
under section 4943(c)(2)(B), attach a
statement showing effective control by a third
party.
Line 3. Enter the value of any stock, interest,
etc., in the business enterprise that the
foundation is required to dispose of so the
foundation’s holdings in the enterprise are
permitted. See section 4943 and related
regulations.
A private foundation using the section
4943(c)(4) rules has excess holdings if line 1 is
more than line 2 in either column (a) or column
(b). Do not include in column (b) the value of
any voting stock included in column (a).
A private foundation using the section
4943(c)(2) rules has excess holdings if line 1 is
more than line 2 in column (a) or if the private
foundation holds nonvoting stock and all
disqualified persons together own more than
20% (or 35%, if applicable) of the enterprise’s
voting stock, interest, etc. In the latter case,
enter in column (c) the value of all nonvoting
stock the foundation holds.
Line 4. Enter the value of excess holdings
disposed of under the 90-day rule in
Regulations section 53.4943-2(a)(1)(ii). If other
conditions preclude imposition of tax on excess
business holdings, include the value of the
nontaxable amount on this line and attach an
explanation.

etc.). A significant purpose of such an
investment cannot be the production of income
or the appreciation of property. See section
4944(c) and Regulations section 53.4944-3.
Initial taxes on foundation. The initial tax is
5% of the amount invested for each year or
part of a year in the taxable period.
Initial taxes on foundation managers. When
a tax is imposed on a jeopardy investment of
the foundation, the tax will be 5% of the
investment for each year or part of a year in
the taxable period, up to $5,000 for any one
investment. It is imposed on all foundation
managers who took part in the act, knowing
that it was such an act, except for foundation
managers whose participation was not willful
and was due to reasonable cause. Any
foundation manager who took part in making
the investment must pay the tax.

Schedule D—Initial Taxes on
Investments That Jeopardize
Charitable Purpose

Schedule E—Initial Taxes on
Taxable Expenditures

General Instructions

Requirement. Complete Schedule E if you
answered “Yes” to Form 990-PF, Part VII-B,
question 5b, or Form 5227, Part VI-B, question
5b. Complete Parts I and II of Schedule E only
for expenditures that are subject to tax.
Note. Also, see Schedule F, Initial Taxes on
Political Expenditures.
Taxable expenditures. With certain
exceptions, this means any amount a private
foundation pays or incurs:
1. To carry on propaganda or otherwise
influence any legislation through:
a. An attempt to influence general public
opinion or any segment of it, and
b. Communication with any member or
employee of a legislative body, or with any
other government official or employee who
may take part in formulating legislation;
2. To influence the outcome of any specific
public election, or to conduct, directly or
indirectly, any voter registration drive;
3. As a grant to an individual for travel,
study, or other purposes;
4. As a grant to an organization not
described in section 509(a)(1), (2), or (3) or
that is not an exempt operating foundation (as
defined in section 4940(d)(2)); or
5. For any purpose other than religious,
charitable, scientific, literary, educational, or
public purposes, or the prevention of cruelty to
children or animals.

Requirement. Complete Schedule D if you
answered “Yes” to Form 990-PF, Part VII-B,
question 4a or b, or Form 5227, Part VI-B,
question 4a or b. Report each investment
separately. Paying tax and filing a Form 4720
are required for each year or part of a year in
the taxable period that applies to the
investments that jeopardize the foundation’s
charitable purpose. Generally, the taxable
period begins with the date of the investment
and ends with the date corrective action is
completed, a notice of deficiency is mailed, or
the initial tax is assessed, whichever comes
first. Therefore, in addition to investments
made in 2005, include all investments subject
to tax that were made before 2005 if those
investments were not removed from jeopardy
before 2005 and the initial tax was not
assessed before 2005.
Taxable investments. An investment to be
taxed on this schedule is an investment by a
private foundation that jeopardizes the carrying
out of its exempt purposes (i.e., if it is
determined that the foundation managers, in
making the investment, did not exercise
ordinary business care and prudence, under
prevailing facts and circumstances, in providing
for the long- and short-term financial needs of
the foundation to carry out its exempt
purposes). See Regulations section
53.4944-1(a)(2). An investment is not taxed on
this schedule if it is a program-related
investment; that is, one whose primary purpose
is one or more of those described in section
170(c)(2)(B) (religious, charitable, educational,

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Specific Instructions
Part I. Complete this part for all taxable
investments.
Part II. Enter in column (a) the names of all
foundation managers who took part in making
the investments listed in Part I. See Initial taxes
on foundation managers above.
If more than one foundation manager is
listed in column (a), each is individually liable
for the entire amount of tax in connection with
the investment. However, the foundation
managers who are liable for the tax may
prorate payment among themselves. Enter in
column (c) the tax each foundation manager
will pay.
Carry the total amount in column (d) for
each foundation manager to page 1, Part II-A,
column (d).

General Instructions

Exceptions. Section 4945(d)(4)(B) provides
an exception to taxable expenditures that
applies to certain grants to organizations when
the granting foundation exercises expenditure

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responsibility described in section 4945(h).
Pub. 578 has additional information on special
rules and exceptions to the definition of taxable
expenditures given above.
Initial tax on foundation. An initial tax of 10%
of each taxable expenditure is imposed on the
foundation.
Initial tax on foundation managers. When a
tax is imposed on a taxable expenditure of the
foundation, a tax of 21/2% of the expenditure
will be imposed on any foundation manager
who agreed to the expenditure and who knew
that it was a taxable expenditure. Foundation
managers whose participation was not willful
and was due to reasonable cause are not liable
for the tax. Any foundation manager who took
part in the expenditure and is liable for the tax
must pay the tax. The maximum total amount
of tax on all foundation managers for any one
taxable expenditure is $5,000. If more than one
foundation manager is liable for tax on a
taxable expenditure, all those foundation
managers are jointly and severally liable for the
tax.

Specific Instructions
Part I. Complete this part for all taxable
expenditures. Enter in column (f) the number
designation from Form 990-PF, Part VII-B,
question 5a, or Form 5227, Part VI-B, question
5a, that applies to the act; for example, “5a(1).”
Part II. Enter in column (a) the names of all
foundation managers who agreed to make the
taxable expenditure. See Initial Tax on
Foundation Managers on page 6. If more than
one foundation manager is listed in column (a),
each is individually liable for the entire tax in
connection with the expenditure. However, the
foundation managers who are liable for the tax
may prorate the payment among themselves.
Enter in column (c) the tax each foundation
manager will pay.
Carry the total amount in column (d) for
each foundation manager to page 1, Part II-A,
column (e).

Schedule F—Initial Taxes on
Political Expenditures
General Instructions
Requirement. Complete Schedule F if you
answered “Yes” to question 5a(2) and 5b of
Form 990-PF, Part VII-B. Complete Schedule F
if you entered an amount of political
expenditure in question 81a, Part VI of Form
990, or in question 37a, Part V, of
Form 990-EZ.
Political expenditures. These include any
amount paid or incurred by a section 501(c)(3)
organization that participates or intervenes in
(including the publication or distribution of
statements) any political campaign on behalf
of, or in opposition to, any candidate for public
office. The tax is imposed even if the political
expenditure gives rise to a revocation of the
organization’s section 501(c)(3) status.
These taxes apply in the case of both public
charities and private foundations. When tax is
imposed under this provision in the case of a
private foundation, however, the expenditure in
question will not be treated as a taxable
expenditure under section 4945.
For an organization formed primarily to
promote the candidacy or prospective
candidacy of an individual for public office (or
that is effectively controlled by a candidate or
prospective candidate and is used primarily for
such purposes), amounts paid or incurred for

Form 4720 Instructions

any of the following purposes are deemed
political expenditures:
• Remuneration to the candidate or
prospective candidate for speeches or other
services;
• Travel expenses of the individual;
• Expenses of conducting polls, surveys, or
other studies, or preparing papers or other
material for use by the individual;
• Expenses of advertising, publicity, and
fundraising for such individual; and
• Any other expense which has the primary
effect of promoting public recognition or
otherwise primarily accruing to the benefit of
the individual.
Initial tax on organization or foundation.
The initial tax on the organization or foundation
is 10% of the amount involved.
Initial tax on organization managers or
foundation managers. An initial tax of 21/2%
of the amount involved (up to $5,000 of tax on
any one expenditure) is imposed on any
manager who agrees to an expenditure,
knowing that it is a political expenditure, unless
the agreement is not willful and is due to
reasonable cause.
Any manager who agreed to the
expenditure must pay the tax.

Specific Instructions
Part I. Complete this part for all political
expenditures.
Part II. Enter in column (a) the names of all
managers who took part in making the political
expenditures listed in Part I. See Initial tax on
organization managers or foundation
managers above.
If more than one manager is listed in
column (a), each is individually liable for the
entire amount of tax on the expenditure.
However, the managers who are liable for the
tax may prorate payment among themselves.
Enter in column (c) the tax each manager will
pay.
Carry the total amount in column (d) for
each manager to page 1, Part II-A, column (f).

Schedule G—Tax on Excess
Lobbying Expenditures
Requirement. Schedule G must be completed
by eligible section 501(c)(3) organizations that
elected to be subject to the limitations on
lobbying expenditures under section 501(h)
and that made excess lobbying expenditures
as defined in section 4911(b).
Except as noted below, follow the line
instructions on Schedule G.
Affiliated groups. If you are a nonelecting
member of an affiliated group, you are not
required to file Form 4720.
If you are an electing member of an
affiliated group and are filing a separate return,
enter on line 1 the amount from Schedule A
(Form 990 or 990-EZ), Part VI-A, column (b),
line 43. Enter on line 2 the amount from
Schedule A (Form 990 or 990-EZ), Part VI-A,
column (b), line 44.
If you are an electing member of an
affiliated group and are included in a group
return, enter on line 1 your share of the excess
grassroots lobbying expenditures of the
affiliated group, and on line 2 your share of the
excess lobbying expenditures of the affiliated
group. Take these amounts from the schedule
of excess lobbying expenditures that must be
attached to Schedule A (Form 990 or 990-EZ).
See the instructions for Schedule A (Form 990
or 990-EZ), Part VI-A, for a discussion of the

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lobbying provisions, including how to figure the
taxable amount.

Schedule H—Taxes on
Disqualifying Lobbying
Expenditures
General Instructions
Requirement. Schedule H must be completed
by certain organizations whose section
501(c)(3) status is revoked because of excess
lobbying activities.
Exceptions. These taxes are not imposed on
a private foundation (whose lobbying
expenditures may be subject to the tax on
taxable expenditures). These taxes also are
not imposed on any organization for which a
section 501(h) election was in effect at the time
of the lobbying expenditures or that was not
eligible to make a section 501(h) election.
Tax on organization. A tax of 5% of the
lobbying expenditures is imposed on the
organization whose section 501(c)(3) status is
revoked because of excess lobbying activities.
Tax on organization managers. A tax of 5%
of the lobbying expenditures is also imposed
on any manager who willfully and without
reasonable cause consented to the lobbying
expenditures, knowing that they would likely
result in the organization no longer qualifying
under section 501(c)(3).
There is no limit on the amount of this tax
that may be imposed against either the
organization or its managers. Any organization
manager who agreed to the expenditure must
pay the tax.

Specific Instructions
Part I. Complete this part for all disqualifying
lobbying expenditures.
Part II. Enter in column (a) the names of all
organization managers who took part in
making disqualifying lobbying expenditures
listed in Part I. See Tax on organization
managers above.
If more than one organization manager is
listed in column (a), each is individually liable
for the entire amount of tax in connection with
the expenditure. However, the managers who
are liable for the tax may prorate payment
among themselves. Enter in column (c) the tax
each manager will pay.
Carry the total amount in column (d) for
each organization manager to page 1, Part
II-A, column (g).

Schedule I—Initial Taxes on
Excess Benefit Transactions
General Instructions
Requirement. Complete Schedule I for any
Excess benefit transaction in which an
Applicable organization provides an Excess
benefit to a Disqualified person. These terms
are discussed below.
Applicable organization. In general, an
applicable organization is any section 501(c)(3)
(except a private foundation) or any 501(c)(4)
organization.
Also, an applicable organization includes
any organization that was a 501(c)(3) (except a
private foundation) or 501(c)(4) organization at
any time during a five-year period ending on
the date of an excess benefit transaction (the
lookback period).

Page 8 of 8

Instructions for Form 4720

11:55 - 18-NOV-2005

The type and rule above prints on all proofs including departmental reproduction proofs. MUST be removed before printing.

Initial taxes. Excise taxes are imposed under
section 4958 on each excess benefit
transaction. If an organization manager
receives an excess benefit from an excess
benefit transaction, the manager may be liable
for the tax on disqualified persons and the tax
on the organization manager. See Abatement
on page 3 for information on abatement,
refund, or relief from this tax.
Tax on disqualified persons. The tax is
25% of the excess benefit and is paid by any
disqualified person who improperly benefited
from the excess benefit transaction.
Tax on organization managers. If tax is
imposed on a disqualified person for any
excess benefit transaction, then tax is also
imposed on any organization manager who
knowingly participated in the excess benefit
transaction. The tax is 10% of the excess, not
to exceed $10,000 for each transaction.
Additional tax on the disqualified person. If
the initial tax is imposed on an excess benefit
transaction and the transaction is not corrected
within the taxable period, then any disqualified
person involved shall be liable for an additional
tax equal to 200% of the excess benefit.
This additional tax is abated (refunded if
collected) if the excess benefit transaction is
corrected within the correction period (defined
in Question B, under, Specific Instructions for
Page 1 on page 3).
Taxable period. Taxable period means the
period beginning with the date on which the
excess benefit transaction occurs and ending
on the earlier of:
1. The date a notice of deficiency was
mailed to the disqualified person for the initial
tax on the excess benefit transaction, or
2. The date on which the initial tax on the
excess benefit transaction for the disqualified
person is assessed.
Excess benefit transaction. An excess
benefit transaction is any transaction in which:
1. An excess benefit is provided by the
organization, directly or indirectly to, or for the
use of, any disqualified person, or
2. The amount of any economic benefit
provided to, or for the use of, a disqualified
person is determined in whole or in part by the
revenues of the organization and violates the
private inurement prohibition rules (to the
extent provided in regulations).
Until final regulations are issued
regarding the special rules for revenue
CAUTION sharing transactions described in 2
above, these transactions will only be subject
to section 4958 liability under the general rule
described in 1 above.
Excess benefit. Excess benefit means the
excess of the economic benefit received from
the applicable organization over the
consideration given (including services) by a
disqualified person.
However, an economic benefit will not be
treated as compensation for services unless
the applicable organization clearly indicates its
intent to treat the economic benefit (when paid)
as compensation for a disqualified person’s
services. See Regulations section 53.4958-4(c)
for more information.
Exception. Generally, section 4958 does
not apply to any fixed payment made to a
person under an initial contract. See
Regulations section 53.4958-4(a)(3) for details.
Special rule. The initial and additional taxes of
this section do not apply if the transaction

!

described in 1 under Excess benefit
transaction, was pursuant to a written contract
in effect on September 13, 1995, and at all
times after that date until the time that the
transaction occurs.
However, if a written contract is materially
modified, it is treated as a new contract
entered into as of the date of the material
modification. A material modification includes
amending the contract to extend its term or to
increase the compensation payable to a
disqualified person.
Disqualified person. For purposes of this
section, a disqualified person means:
1. Any person (at any time during the
5-year period ending on the date of the
transaction) in a position to exercise
substantial influence over the affairs of the
organization,
2. A family member of an individual
described in 1, or
3. A 35% controlled entity.
Family members. Family members of an
individual (described in 1 above) include a
disqualified person’s spouse, ancestors,
children, grandchildren, great grandchildren,
and brothers and sisters (whether by whole or
half-blood). It also includes the spouse of the
children, grandchildren, great grandchildren,
brothers or sisters (whether by whole or
half-blood).
35% controlled entity. The term 35%
controlled entity means:
• A corporation in which a person described in
1 or 2 under Disqualified person owns more
than 35% of the total combined voting power,
• A partnership in which such persons own
more than 35% of the profits interest, or
• A trust or estate in which such persons own
more than 35% of the beneficial interest.
In determining the holdings of a business
enterprise, any stock or other interest owned
directly or indirectly shall apply.

Specific Instructions
Part I. List each excess benefit transaction in
Part I, column (c). Enter the date of the
transaction in column (b) and the amount of the
excess benefit in column (d). Compute the tax
on the excess benefit for disqualified persons
and enter it in column (e). Compute any tax on
the excess benefit for organization managers
and enter the amount in column (f).
For organization managers, the tax is the
lesser of 10% of the excess benefit or $10,000.
This tax is computed on each transaction.
Part II. Enter in column (a) the names of all
disqualified persons who took part in the
excess benefit transactions. If more than one
disqualified person took part in an excess
benefit transaction, each is individually liable
for the entire tax on the transaction. But the
disqualified persons who are liable for the tax
may prorate the payment among themselves.
Enter in column (c) the tax to be paid by each
disqualified person.
Carry the total amount in column (d) for
each disqualified person to page 1, Part II-A,
column (h).
Part III. Enter in column (a) the names of all
organization managers who knowingly took
part in the excess benefit transactions listed in
Part I. If more than one organization manager
knowingly took part in an excess benefit

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transaction, each is individually liable for the
entire tax in connection with the transaction.
But the organization managers liable for the tax
may prorate the payment among themselves.
Enter in column (c) the tax to be paid by each
organization manager.
Carry the total amount in column (d) for
each organization manager to page 1, Part
II-A, column (h).
Privacy Act and Paperwork Reduction Act
Notice.
We ask for the information on this form to carry
out the Internal Revenue laws of the United
States. We need it to ensure that you are
complying with these laws and to allow us to
figure and collect the right amount of tax.
Certain individuals who owe tax under Chapter
41 or 42 of the Internal Revenue Code, and
who do not sign the Form 4720 of the
foundation or organization, must file a separate
Form 4720 showing the tax owed and the
name of the foundation or organization for
which they owe tax. Sections 6001 and 6011 of
the Internal Revenue Code require you to
provide the requested information if the tax
applies to you. Section 6109 requires you to
provide your social security number or other
identifying number. Routine uses of this
information include disclosing it to the
Department of Justice for civil and criminal
litigation and to other federal agencies, as
provided by law. We may disclose the
information to cities, states, the District of
Columbia, and U. S. Commonwealths or
possessions to administer their laws. If you do
not file this information, you may be subject to
interest, penalties, and/or criminal prosecution.
We may also disclose this information to
other countries under a tax treaty, to federal
and state agencies to enforce federal nontax
criminal laws or to federal law enforcement and
intelligence agencies to combat terrorism.
You are not required to provide the
information requested on a form that is subject
to the Paperwork Reduction Act unless the
form displays a valid OMB control number.
Books or records relating to a form or its
instructions must be retained as long as their
contents may become material in the
administration of any Internal Revenue law.
Generally, tax returns and return information
are confidential, as required by section 6103.
The time needed to complete and file this
form will vary depending on individual
circumstances. The estimated average time is:
Recordkeeping . . . . . . . . . . . .

39 hr., 55 min.

Learning about the law or the
form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16 hr., 30 min.

Preparing the form . . . . . . . . . .

23 hr., 22 min.

Copying, assembling, and
sending the form to the IRS . . . .

1 hr., 36 min.

If you have comments concerning the
accuracy of these time estimates or
suggestions for making this form simpler, we
would be happy to hear from you. You can
write to the Internal Revenue Service, Tax
Products Coordinating Committee,
SE:W:CAR:MP:T:T:SP, 1111 Constitution Ave.
NW, IR-6406, Washington, DC 20224. Do not
send the tax form to this address. Instead, see
Where To File on page 2.

Form 4720 Instructions