Covariates Used in the Case Mix

COVARIATES USED IN THE CASE MIX ADJUSTMENT
OF PCS and MCS MEASURES
DEMOGRAPHICS COVARIATES
Age (Continuous)
Gender (Male or Female)
Race (White, Black, Other Minority)
Education
Marital Status
Annual Household Income

PCS AND MCS MODELS
One
Two
Three
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CHRONIC MEDICAL CONDITIONS
Hypertension or high blood pressure
Angina pectoris or coronary artery disease
Congestive heart failure
Myocardial infarction or heart attack
Other heart conditions, such as problems with heart valves
or arrhythmias
Stroke
Emphysema, or asthma, or COPD (Chronic Obstructive
Pulmonary Disease)
Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, or inflammatory bowel
disease
Arthritis of the hip or knee
Arthritis of the hand or wrist
Sciatica
Diabetes, high blood sugar, or sugar in the urine
Any cancer (other than skin cancer)

HOS STUDY DESIGN VARIABLES
Who Completed Survey (Self or Other)
Mode of Survey Administration (Mail or Telephone)
CMS Plan Region
Survey Vendor

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Note: Model One included all covariates listed in and was used for beneficiaries with
completed data for all of the covariates. Model Two was used for beneficiaries with
completed data for all of the covariates except annual household income. Model Three was
limited to age, gender, race, mode of survey administration, CMS plan region, and survey
vendor, and was used for beneficiaries who did not have enough completed data for Model
One or Model Two. The variables included in Model Three were available for all
participating beneficiaries.