Temporary Labor Camps (1910.142)

Occupational Safety and Health Admin., Labor
street clothes and separate storage facilities for the protective clothing
shall be provided.
(f) Clothes drying facilities. Where
working clothes are provided by the
employer and become wet or are
washed between shifts, provision shall
be made to insure that such clothing is
dry before reuse.
(g) Consumption of food and beverages
on the premises—(1) Application. This
paragraph shall apply only where employees are permitted to consume food
or beverages, or both, on the premises.
(2) Eating and drinking areas. No employee shall be allowed to consume
food or beverages in a toilet room nor
in any area exposed to a toxic material.
(3) Waste disposal containers. Receptacles constructed of smooth, corrosion
resistant, easily cleanable, or disposable materials, shall be provided and
used for the disposal of waste food. The
number, size, and location of such receptacles shall encourage their use and
not result in overfilling. They shall be
emptied not less frequently than once
each working day, unless unused, and
shall be maintained in a clean and sanitary condition. Receptacles shall be
provided with a solid tight-fitting
cover unless sanitary conditions can be
maintained without use of a cover.
(4) Sanitary storage. No food or beverages shall be stored in toilet rooms
or in an area exposed to a toxic material.
(h) Food handling. All employee food
service facilities and operations shall
be carried out in accordance with
sound hygienic principles. In all places
of employment where all or part of the
food service is provided, the food dispensed shall be wholesome, free from
spoilage, and shall be processed, prepared, handled, and stored in such a
manner as to be protected against contamination.
[39 FR 23502, June 27, 1974, as amended at 40
FR 18446, April 28, 1975; 40 FR 23073, May 28,
1975; 43 FR 49748, Oct. 24, 1978; 63 FR 33466,
June 18, 1998]

§ 1910.142 Temporary labor camps.
(a) Site. (1) All sites used for camps
shall be adequately drained. They shall
not be subject to periodic flooding, nor
located within 200 feet of swamps,

§ 1910.142

pools, sink holes, or other surface collections of water unless such quiescent
water surfaces can be subjected to mosquito control measures. The camp shall
be located so the drainage from and
through the camp will not endanger
any domestic or public water supply.
All sites shall be graded, ditched, and
rendered free from depressions in which
water may become a nuisance.
(2) All sites shall be adequate in size
to prevent overcrowding of necessary
structures. The principal camp area in
which food is prepared and served and
where sleeping quarters are located
shall be at least 500 feet from any area
in which livestock is kept.
(3) The grounds and open areas surrounding the shelters shall be maintained in a clean and sanitary condition free from rubbish, debris, waste
paper, garbage, or other refuse.
(b) Shelter. (1) Every shelter in the
camp shall be constructed in a manner
which will provide protection against
the elements.
(2) Each room used for sleeping purposes shall contain at least 50 square
feet of floor space for each occupant.
At least a 7–foot ceiling shall be provided.
(3) Beds, cots, or bunks, and suitable
storage facilities such as wall lockers
for clothing and personal articles shall
be provided in every room used for
sleeping purposes. Such beds or similar
facilities shall be spaced not closer
than 36 inches both laterally and end
to end, and shall be elevated at least 12
inches from the floor. If double-deck
bunks are used, they shall be spaced
not less than 48 inches both laterally
and end to end. The minimum clear
space between the lower and upper
bunk shall be not less than 27 inches.
Triple-deck bunks are prohibited.
(4) The floors of each shelter shall be
constructed of wood, asphalt, or concrete. Wooden floors shall be of smooth
and tight construction. The floors shall
be kept in good repair.
(5) All wooden floors shall be elevated not less than 1 foot above the
ground level at all points to prevent
dampness and to permit free circulation of air beneath.
(6) Nothing in this section shall be
construed to prohibit ‘‘banking’’ with
earth or other suitable material around

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§ 1910.142

29 CFR Ch. XVII (7–1–05 Edition)

the outside walls in areas subject to extreme low temperatures.
(7) All living quarters shall be provided with windows the total of which
shall be not less than one-tenth of the
floor area. At least one-half of each
window shall be so constructed that it
can be opened for purposes of ventilation.
(8) All exterior openings shall be effectively screened with 16–mesh material. All screen doors shall be equipped
with self-closing devices.
(9) In a room where workers cook,
live, and sleep a minimum of 100 square
feet per person shall be provided. Sanitary facilities shall be provided for
storing and preparing food.
(10) In camps where cooking facilities
are used in common, stoves (in ratio of
one stove to 10 persons or one stove to
two families) shall be provided in an
enclosed and screened shelter. Sanitary
facilities shall be provided for storing
and preparing food.
(11) All heating, cooking, and water
heating equipment shall be installed in
accordance with State and local ordinances, codes, and regulations governing such installations. If a camp is
used during cold weather, adequate
heating equipment shall be provided.
(c) Water supply. (1) An adequate and
convenient water supply, approved by
the appropriate health authority, shall
be provided in each camp for drinking,
cooking, bathing, and laundry purposes.
(2) A water supply shall be deemed
adequate if it is capable of delivering 35
gallons per person per day to the campsite at a peak rate of 21⁄2 times the average hourly demand.
(3) The distribution lines shall be capable of supplying water at normal operating pressures to all fixtures for simultaneous operation. Water outlets
shall be distributed throughout the
camp in such a manner that no shelter
is more than 100 feet from a yard hydrant if water is not piped to the shelters.
(4) Where water under pressure is
available, one or more drinking fountains shall be provided for each 100 occupants or fraction thereof. The construction of drinking fountains shall
comply with ANSI Standard Specifications for Drinking Fountains, Z4.2–1942,

which is incorporated by reference as
specified in § 1910.6. Common drinking
cups are prohibited.
(d) Toilet facilities. (1) Toilet facilities
adequate for the capacity of the camp
shall be provided.
(2) Each toilet room shall be located
so as to be accessible without any individual passing through any sleeping
room. Toilet rooms shall have a window not less than 6 square feet in area
opening directly to the outside area or
otherwise be satisfactorily ventilated.
All outside openings shall be screened
with 16–mesh material. No fixture,
water closet, chemical toilet, or urinal
shall be located in a room used for
other than toilet purposes.
(3) A toilet room shall be located
within 200 feet of the door of each
sleeping room. No privy shall be closer
than 100 feet to any sleeping room, dining room, lunch area, or kitchen.
(4) Where the toilet rooms are shared,
such as in multifamily shelters and in
barracks type facilities, separate toilet
rooms shall be provided for each sex.
These rooms shall be distinctly marked
‘‘for men’’ and ‘‘for women’’ by signs
printed in English and in the native
language of the persons occupying the
camp, or marked with easily understood pictures or symbols. If the facilities for each sex are in the same building, they shall be separated by solid
walls or partitions extending from the
floor to the roof or ceiling.
(5) Where toilet facilities are shared,
the number of water closets or privy
seats provided for each sex shall be
based on the maximum number of persons of that sex which the camp is designed to house at any one time, in the
ratio of one such unit to each 15 persons, with a minimum of two units for
any shared facility.
(6) Urinals shall be provided on the
basis of one unit or 2 linear feet of urinal trough for each 25 men. The floor
from the wall and for a distance not
less than 15 inches measured from the
outward edge of the urinals shall be
constructed of materials impervious to
moisture. Where water under pressure
is available, urinals shall be provided
with an adequate water flush. Urinal
troughs in privies shall drain freely

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Occupational Safety and Health Admin., Labor
into the pit or vault and the construction of this drain shall be such as to exclude flies and rodents from the pit.
(7) Every water closet installed on or
after August 31, 1971, shall be located
in a toilet room.
(8) Each toilet room shall be lighted
naturally, or artificially by a safe type
of lighting at all hours of the day and
night.
(9) An adequate supply of toilet paper
shall be provided in each privy, water
closet, or chemical toilet compartment.
(10) Privies and toilet rooms shall be
kept in a sanitary condition. They
shall be cleaned at least daily.
(e) Sewage disposal facilities. In camps
where public sewers are available, all
sewer lines and floor drains from buildings shall be connected thereto.
(f) Laundry, handwashing, and bathing
facilities. (1) Laundry, handwashing,
and bathing facilities shall be provided
in the following ratio:
(i) Handwash basin per family shelter
or per six persons in shared facilities.
(ii) Shower head for every 10 persons.
(iii) Laundry tray or tub for every 30
persons.
(iv) Slop sink in each building used
for laundry, hand washing, and bathing.
(2) Floors shall be of smooth finish
but not slippery materials; they shall
be impervious to moisture. Floor
drains shall be provided in all shower
baths, shower rooms, or laundry rooms
to remove waste water and facilitate
cleaning. All junctions of the curbing
and the floor shall be coved. The walls
and partitions of shower rooms shall be
smooth and impervious to the height of
splash.
(3) An adequate supply of hot and
cold running water shall be provided
for bathing and laundry purposes. Facilities for heating water shall be provided.
(4) Every service building shall be
provided with equipment capable of
maintaining a temperature of at least
70 °F. during cold weather.
(5) Facilities for drying clothes shall
be provided.
(6) All service buildings shall be kept
clean.
(g) Lighting. Where electric service is
available, each habitable room in a

§ 1910.142

camp shall be provided with at least
one ceiling-type light fixture and at
least one separate floor- or wall-type
convenience outlet. Laundry and toilet
rooms and rooms where people congregate shall contain at least one
ceiling- or wall-type fixture. Light levels in toilet and storage rooms shall be
at least 20 foot-candles 30 inches from
the floor. Other rooms, including
kitchens and living quarters, shall be
at least 30 foot-candles 30 inches from
the floor.
(h) Refuse disposal. (1) Fly-tight, rodent-tight, impervious, cleanable or
single service containers, approved by
the appropriate health authority shall
be provided for the storage of garbage.
At least one such container shall be
provided for each family shelter and
shall be located within 100 feet of each
shelter on a wooden, metal, or concrete
stand.
(2) Garbage containers shall be kept
clean.
(3) Garbage containers shall be
emptied when full, but not less than
twice a week.
(i) Construction and operation of kitchens, dining hall, and feeding facilities. (1)
In all camps where central dining or
multiple family feeding operations are
permitted or provided, the food handling facilities shall comply with the
requirements of the ‘‘Food Service
Sanitation Ordinance and Code,’’ Part
V of the ‘‘Food Service Sanitation
Manual,’’ U.S. Public Health Service
Publication 934 (1965), which is incorporated by reference as specified in
§ 1910.6.
(2) A properly constructed kitchen
and dining hall adequate in size, separate from the sleeping quarters of any
of the workers or their families, shall
be provided in connection with all food
handling facilities. There shall be no
direct opening from living or sleeping
quarters into a kitchen or dining hall.
(3) No person with any communicable
disease shall be employed or permitted
to work in the preparation, cooking,
serving, or other handling of food, foodstuffs, or materials used therein, in
any kitchen or dining room operated in
connection with a camp or regularly
used by persons living in a camp.

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§ 1910.143

29 CFR Ch. XVII (7–1–05 Edition)

(j) Insect and rodent control. Effective
measures shall be taken to prevent infestation by and harborage of animal
or insect vectors or pests.
(k) First aid. (1) Adequate first aid facilities approved by a health authority
shall be maintained and made available
in every labor camp for the emergency
treatment of injured persons.
(2) Such facilities shall be in charge
of a person trained to administer first
aid and shall be readily accessible for
use at all times.
(l) Reporting communicable disease. (1)
It shall be the duty of the camp superintendent to report immediately to the
local health officer the name and address of any individual in the camp
known to have or suspected of having a
communicable disease.
(2) Whenever there shall occur in any
camp a case of suspected food poisoning or an unusual prevalence of any
illness in which fever, diarrhea, sore
throat, vomiting, or jaundice is a
prominent symptom, it shall be the
duty of the camp superintendent to report immediately the existence of the
outbreak to the health authority by
telegram, telephone, electronic mail or
any other method that is equally fast.
[39 FR 23502, June 27, 1974, as amended at 47
FR 14696, Apr. 6, 1982; 49 FR 18295, Apr. 30,
1984; 61 FR 9238, Mar. 7, 1996; 63 FR 33466,
June 18, 1998; 70 FR 1141, Jan. 5, 2005]

§ 1910.143 Nonwater carriage disposal
systems. [Reserved]
§ 1910.144 Safety color code for marking physical hazards.
(a) Color identification—(1) Red. Red
shall be the basic color for the identification of:
(i) Fire protection equipment and apparatus. [Reserved]
(ii) Danger. Safety cans or other portable containers of flammable liquids
having a flash point at or below 80 °F,
table containers of flammable liquids
(open cup tester), excluding shipping
containers, shall be painted red with
some additional clearly visible identification either in the form of a yellow
band around the can or the name of the
contents conspicuously stenciled or
painted on the can in yellow. Red
lights shall be provided at barricades
and at temporary obstructions, as spec-

ified in ANSI Safety Code for Building
Construction, A10.2–1944, which is incorporated by reference as specified in
§ 1910.6. Danger signs shall be painted
red.
(iii) Stop. Emergency stop bars on
hazardous machines such as rubber
mills, wire blocks, flat work ironers,
etc., shall be red. Stop buttons or electrical switches which letters or other
markings appear, used for emergency
stopping of machinery shall be red.
(2) [Reserved]
(3) Yellow. Yellow shall be the basic
color for designating caution and for
marking physical hazards such as:
Striking against, stumbling, falling,
tripping, and ‘‘caught in between.’’
(b) [Reserved]
[39 FR 23502, June 27, 1974, as amended at 43
FR 49748, Oct. 24, 1978; 49 FR 5322, Feb. 10,
1984; 61 FR 9239, Mar. 7, 1996]

§ 1910.145 Specifications for accident
prevention signs and tags.
(a) Scope. (1) These specifications
apply to the design, application, and
use of signs or symbols (as included in
paragraphs (c) through (e) of this section) intended to indicate and, insofar
as possible, to define specific hazards of
a nature such that failure to designate
them may lead to accidental injury to
workers or the public, or both, or to
property damage. These specifications
are intended to cover all safety signs
except those designed for streets, highways, railroads, and marine regulations. These specifications do not apply
to plant bulletin boards or to safety
posters.
(2) All new signs and replacements of
old signs shall be in accordance with
these specifications.
(b) Definitions. As used in this section, the word sign refers to a surface
on prepared for the warning of, or safety instructions of, industrial workers
or members of the public who may be
exposed to hazards. Excluded from this
definition, however, are news releases,
displays commonly known as safety
posters, and bulletins used for employee education.
(c) Classification of signs according to
use—(1) Danger signs. (i) There shall be
no variation in the type of design of
signs posted to warn of specific dangers
and radiation hazards.

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