Executive Order 12968

Executive Order Number 12968

You are here: Home > extra> investigate

THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
EXECUTIVE ORDER No. 12968
ACCESS TO CLASSIFIED INFORMATION
The national interest requires that certain information be maintained in confidence through a system of classification in
order to protect our citizens, our democratic institutions, and our participation within the community of nations. The
unauthorized disclosure of information classified in the national interest can cause irreparable damage to the national
security and loss of human life.
Security policies designed to protect classified information must ensure consistent, cost effective, and efficient
protection of our Nation's classified information, while providing fair and equitable treatment to those Americans upon
whom we rely to guard our national security.
This order establishes a uniform Federal personnel security program for employees who will be considered for initial or
continued access to classified information.
NOW, THEREFORE, by the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of
America, it is hereby ordered as follows:
PART 1 DEFINITIONS, ACCESS TO CLASSIFIED INFORMATION, FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE, AND OTHER ITEMS
Section 1.1. Definitions. For the purposes of this order: (a) "Agency" means any "Executive agency," as defined in 5 U.S.
C. 105, the "military departments," as defined in 5 U.S.C. 102, and any other entity within the executive branch that
comes into the possession of classified information, including the Defense Intelligence Agency, National Security Agency,
and the National Reconnaissance Office.
(b) "Applicant" means a person other than an employee who has received an authorized conditional offer of employment
for a position that requires access to classified information.
(c) "Authorized investigative agency" means an agency authorized by law or regulation to conduct a counterintelligence
investigation or investigation of persons who are proposed for access to classified information to ascertain whether such
persons satisfy the criteria for obtaining and retaining access to such information.
(d) "Classified information" means information that has been determined pursuant to Executive Order No. 12958, or any
successor order, Executive Order No. 12951, or any successor order, or the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C.
2011), to require protection against unauthorized disclosure.
(e) "Employee" means a person, other than the President and Vice President, employed by, detailed or assigned to, an
agency, including members of the Armed Forces; an expert or consultant to an agency; an industrial or commercial
contractor, licensee, certificate holder, or grantee of an agency, including all subcontractors; a personal services
contractor; or any other category of person who acts for or on behalf of an agency as determined by the appropriate
agency head.
(f) "Foreign power" and "agent of a foreign power" have the meaning provided in 50 U.S.C. 1801.
(g) "Need for access" means a determination that an employee requires access to a particular level of classified
information in order to perform or assist in a lawful and authorized governmental function.
(h) "Need-to-know" means a determination made by an authorized holder of classified information that a prospective
recipient requires access to specific classified information in order to perform or assist in a lawful and authorized
governmental function.

http://www.opm.gov/extra/investigate/eo12968.asp (1 of 9)8/10/2006 9:18:12 AM

Executive Order Number 12968

(i) "Overseas Security Policy Board" means the Board established by the President to consider, develop, coordinate and
promote policies, standards and agreements on overseas security operations, programs and projects that affect all
United States Government agencies under the authority of a Chief of Mission.
(j) "Security Policy Board" means the Board established by the President to consider, coordinate, and recommend policy
directives for U.S. security policies, procedures, and practices.
(k) "Special access program" has the meaning provided in section 4.1 of Executive Order No. 12958, or any successor
order.
Sec. 1.2. Access to Classified Information. (a) No employee shall be granted access to classified information unless that
employee has been determined to be eligible in accordance with this order and to possess a need-to-know.
(b) Agency heads shall be responsible for establishing and maintaining an effective program to ensure that access to
classified information by each employee is clearly consistent with the interests of the national security.
(c) Employees shall not be granted access to classified information unless they:
(1) have been determined to be eligible for access under section 3.1 of this order by agency heads or designated
officials based upon a favorable adjudication of an appropriate investigation of the employee's background;
(2) have a demonstrated need-to-know; and
(3) have signed an approved nondisclosure agreement.
(d) All employees shall be subject to investigation by an appropriate government authority prior to being granted access
to classified information and at any time during the period of access to ascertain whether they continue to meet the
requirements for access.
(e)(1) All employees granted access to classified information shall be required as a condition of such access to provide
to the employing agency written consent permitting access by an authorized investigative agency, for such time as
access to classified information is maintained and for a period of 3 years thereafter, to:
(A) relevant financial records that are maintained by a financial institution as defined in 31 U.S.C. 5312(a) or by a
holding company as defined in section 1101(6) of the Right to Financial Privacy Act of 1978 (12 U.S.C. 3401);
(B) consumer reports pertaining to the employee under the Fair Credit Reporting Act (15 U.S.C. 1681a); and
(C) records maintained by commercial entities within the United States pertaining to any travel by the employee outside
the United States.
(2) Information may be requested pursuant to employee consent under this section where:
(A) there are reasonable grounds to believe, based on credible information, that the employee or former employee is, or
may be, disclosing classified information in an unauthorized manner to a foreign power or agent of a foreign power;
(B) information the employing agency deems credible indicates the employee or former employee has incurred
excessive indebtedness or has acquired a level of affluence that cannot be explained by other information; or
(C) circumstances indicate the employee or former employee had the capability and opportunity to disclose classified
information that is known to have been lost or compromised to a foreign power or an agent of a foreign power.
(3) Nothing in this section shall be construed to affect the authority of an investigating agency to obtain information
pursuant to the Right to Financial Privacy Act, the Fair Credit Reporting Act or any other applicable law.
Sec. 1.3. Financial Disclosure. (a) Not later than 180 days after the effective date of this order, the head of each agency
that originates, handles, transmits, or possesses classified information shall designate each employee, by position or
category where possible, who has a regular need for access to classified information that, in the discretion of the agency
head, would reveal:
http://www.opm.gov/extra/investigate/eo12968.asp (2 of 9)8/10/2006 9:18:12 AM

Executive Order Number 12968

(1) the identity of covert agents as defined in the Intelligence Identities Protection Act of 1982 (50 U.S.C. 421);
(2) technical or specialized national intelligence collection and processing systems that, if disclosed in an unauthorized
manner, would substantially negate or impair the effectiveness of the system;
(3) the details of:
(A) the nature, contents, algorithm, preparation, or use of any code, cipher, or cryptographic system or;
(B) the design, construction, functioning, maintenance, or repair of any cryptographic equipment; but not including
information concerning the use of cryptographic equipment and services;
(4) particularly sensitive special access programs, the disclosure of which would substantially negate or impair the
effectiveness of the information or activity involved; or
(5) especially sensitive nuclear weapons design information (but only for those positions that have been certified as
being of a high degree of importance or sensitivity, as described in section 145(f) of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as
amended).
(b) An employee may not be granted access, or hold a position designated as requiring access, to information described
in subsection (a) unless, as a condition of access to such information, the employee:
(1) files with the head of the agency a financial disclosure report, including information with respect to the spouse and
dependent children of the employee, as part of all background investigations or reinvestigations;
(2) is subject to annual financial disclosure requirements, if selected by the agency head; and
(3) files relevant information concerning foreign travel, as determined by the Security Policy Board.
(c) Not later than 180 days after the effective date of this order, the Security Policy Board shall develop procedures for
the implementation of this section, including a standard financial disclosure form for use by employees under subsection
(b) of this section, and agency heads shall identify certain employees, by position or category, who are subject to
annual financial disclosure.
Sec. 1.4. Use of Automated Financial Record Data Bases. As part of all investigations and reinvestigations described in
section 1.2(d) of this order, agencies may request the Department of the Treasury, under terms and conditions
prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury, to search automated data bases consisting of reports of currency
transactions by financial institutions, international transportation of currency or monetary instruments, foreign bank and
financial accounts, transactions under $10,000 that are reported as possible money laundering violations, and records of
foreign travel.
Sec. 1.5. Employee Education and Assistance. The head of each agency that grants access to classified information shall
establish a program for employees with access to classified information to: (a) educate employees about individual
responsibilities under this order; and
(b) inform employees about guidance and assistance available concerning issues that may affect their eligibility for
access to classified information, including sources of assistance for employees who have questions or concerns about
financial matters, mental health, or substance abuse.
PART 2 ACCESS ELIGIBILITY POLICY AND PROCEDURE
Sec. 2.1. Eligibility Determinations. (a) Determinations of eligibility for access to classified information shall be based on
criteria established under this order. Such determinations are separate from suitability determinations with respect to
the hiring or retention of persons for employment by the government or any other personnel actions.
(b) The number of employees that each agency determines are eligible for access to classified information shall be kept
to the minimum required for the conduct of agency functions.

http://www.opm.gov/extra/investigate/eo12968.asp (3 of 9)8/10/2006 9:18:12 AM

Executive Order Number 12968

(1) Eligibility for access to classified information shall not be requested or granted solely to permit entry to, or ease of
movement within, controlled areas when the employee has no need for access and access to classified information may
reasonably be prevented. Where circumstances indicate employees may be inadvertently exposed to classified
information in the course of their duties, agencies are authorized to grant or deny, in their discretion, facility access
approvals to such employees based on an appropriate level of investigation as determined by each agency.
(2) Except in agencies where eligibility for access is a mandatory condition of employment, eligibility for access to
classified information shall only be requested or granted based on a demonstrated, foreseeable need for access.
Requesting or approving eligibility in excess of actual requirements is prohibited.
(3) Eligibility for access to classified information may be granted where there is a temporary need for access, such as
one-time participation in a classified project, provided the investigative standards established under this order have
been satisfied. In such cases, a fixed date or event for expiration shall be identified and access to classified information
shall be limited to information related to the particular project or assignment.
(4) Access to classified information shall be terminated when an employee no longer has a need for access.
Sec. 2.2. Level of Access Approval. (a) The level at which an access approval is granted for an employee shall be
limited, and relate directly, to the level of classified information for which there is a need for access. Eligibility for access
to a higher level of classified information includes eligibility for access to information classified at a lower level.
(b) Access to classified information relating to a special access program shall be granted in accordance with procedures
established by the head of the agency that created the program or, for programs pertaining to intelligence activities
(including special activities but not including military operational, strategic, and tactical programs) or intelligence
sources and methods, by the Director of Central Intelligence. To the extent possible and consistent with the national
security interests of the United States, such procedures shall be consistent with the standards and procedures
established by and under this order.
Sec. 2.3 Temporary Access to Higher Levels. (a) An employee who has been determined to be eligible for access to
classified information based on favorable adjudication of a completed investigation may be granted temporary access to
a higher level where security personnel authorized by the agency head to make access eligibility determinations find
that such access:
(1) is necessary to meet operational or contractual exigencies not expected to be of a recurring nature;
(2) will not exceed 180 days; and
(3) is limited to specific, identifiable information that is made the subject of a written access record.
(b) Where the access granted under subsection (a) of this section involves another agency's classified information, that
agency must concur before access to its information is granted.
Sec. 2.4. Reciprocal Acceptance of Access Eligibility Determinations. (a) Except when an agency has substantial
information indicating that an employee may not satisfy the standards in section 3.1 of this order, background
investigations- and eligibility determinations conducted under this order shall be mutually and reciprocally accepted by
all agencies.
(b) Except where there is substantial information indicating that the employee may not satisfy the standards in section
3.1 of this order, an employee with existing access to a special access program shall not be denied eligibility for access
to another special access program at the same sensitivity level as determined personally by the agency head or deputy
agency head, or have an existing access eligibility readjudicated, so long as the employee has a need for access to the
information involved.
(c) This section shall not preclude agency heads from establishing additional, but not duplicative, investigative or
adjudicative procedures for a special access program or for candidates for detail or assignment to their agencies, where
such procedures are required in exceptional circumstances to protect the national security.
(d) Where temporary eligibility for access is granted under sections 2.3 or 3.3 of this order or where the determination
of eligibility for access is conditional, the fact of such temporary or conditional access shall be conveyed to any other
agency that considers affording the employee access to its information.

http://www.opm.gov/extra/investigate/eo12968.asp (4 of 9)8/10/2006 9:18:12 AM

Executive Order Number 12968

Sec. 2.5. Specific Access Requirement. (a) Employees who have been determined to be eligible for access to classified
information shall be given access to classified information only where there is a need-to-know that information.
(b) It is the responsibility of employees who are authorized holders of classified information to verify that a prospective
recipient's eligibility for access has been granted by an authorized agency official and to ensure that a need-to-know
exists prior to allowing such access, and to challenge requests for access that do not appear well-founded.
Sec. 2.6. Access by Non-United States Citizens. (a) Where there are compelling reasons in furtherance of an agency
mission, immigrant alien and foreign national employees who possess a special expertise may, in the discretion of the
agency, be granted limited access to classified information only for specific programs, projects, contracts, licenses,
certificates, or grants for which there is a need for access. Such individuals shall not be eligible for access to any greater
level of classified information than the United States Government has determined may be releasable to the country of
which the subject is currently a citizen, and such limited access may be approved only if the prior 10 years of the
subject's life can be appropriately investigated. If there are any doubts concerning granting access, additional lawful
investigative procedures shall be fully pursued.
(b) Exceptions to these requirements may be permitted only by the agency head or the senior agency official designated
under section 6.1 of this order to further substantial national security interests.
PART 3 ACCESS ELIGIBILITY STANDARDS
Sec. 3.1. Standards. (a) No employee shall be deemed to be eligible for access to classified information merely by
reason of Federal service or contracting, licensee, certificate holder, or grantee status, or as a matter of right or
privilege, or as a result of any particular title, rank, position, or affiliation.
(b) Except as provided in sections 2.6 and 3.3 of this order, eligibility for access to classified information shall be
granted only to employees who are United States citizens for whom an appropriate investigation has been completed
and whose personal and professional history affirmatively indicates loyalty to the United States, strength of character,
trustworthiness, honesty, reliability, discretion, and sound judgment, as well as freedom from conflicting allegiances and
potential for coercion, and willingness and ability to abide by regulations governing the use, handling, and protection of
classified information. A determination of eligibility for access to such information is a discretionary security decision
based on judgments by appropriately trained adjudicative personnel. Eligibility shall be granted only where facts and
circumstances indicate access to classified information is clearly consistent with the national security interests of the
United States, and any doubt shall be resolved in favor of the national security.
(c) The United States Government does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, national origin,
disability, or sexual orientation in granting access to classified information.
(d) In determining eligibility for access under this order, agencies may investigate and consider any matter that relates
to the determination of whether access is clearly consistent with the interests of national security. No inference
concerning the standards in this section may be raised solely on the basis of the sexual orientation of the employee.
(e) No negative inference concerning the standards in this section may be raised solely on the basis of mental health
counseling. Such counseling can be a positive factor in eligibility determinations. However, mental health counseling,
where relevant to the adjudication of access to classified information, may justify further inquiry to determine whether
the standards of subsection (b) of this section are satisfied, and mental health may be considered where it directly
relates to those standards.
(f) Not later than 180 days after the effective date of this order, the Security Policy Board shall develop a common set of
adjudicative guidelines for determining eligibility for access to classified information, including access to special access
programs.
Sec. 3.2. Basis for Eligibility Approval. (a) Eligibility determinations for access to classified information shall be based on
information concerning the applicant or employee that is acquired through the investigation conducted pursuant to this
order or otherwise available to security officials and shall be made part of the applicant's or employee's security record.
Applicants or employees shall be required to provide relevant information pertaining to their background and character
for use in investigating and adjudicating their eligibility for access.
(b) Not later than 180 days after the effective date of this order, the Security Policy Board shall develop a common set
of investigative standards for background investigations for access to classified information. These standards may vary

http://www.opm.gov/extra/investigate/eo12968.asp (5 of 9)8/10/2006 9:18:12 AM

Executive Order Number 12968

for the various levels of access.
(c) Nothing in this order shall prohibit an agency from utilizing any lawful investigative procedure in addition to the
investigative requirements set forth in this order and its implementing regulations to resolve issues that may arise
during the course of a background investigation or reinvestigation.
Sec. 3.3. Special Circumstances. (a) In exceptional circumstances where official functions must be performed prior to
the completion of the investigative and adjudication process, temporary eligibility for access to classified information
may be granted to an employee while the initial investigation is underway. When such eligibility is granted, the initial
investigation shall be expedited.
(1) Temporary eligibility for access under this section shall include a justification, and the employee must be notified in
writing that further access is expressly conditioned on the favorable completion of the investigation and issuance of an
access eligibility approval. Access will be immediately terminated, along with any assignment requiring an access
eligibility approval, if such approval is not granted.
(2) Temporary eligibility for access may be granted only by security personnel authorized by the agency head to make
access eligibility determinations and shall be based on minimum investigative standards developed by the Security
Policy Board not later than 180 days after the effective date of this order.
(3) Temporary eligibility for access may be granted only to particular, identified categories of classified information
necessary to perform the lawful and authorized functions that are the basis for the granting of temporary access.
(b) Nothing in subsection (a) shall be construed as altering the authority of an agency head to waive requirements for
granting access to classified information pursuant to statutory authority.
(c) Where access has been terminated under section 2.1(b)(4) of this order and a new need for access arises, access
eligibility up to the same level shall be reapproved without further investigation as to employees who were determined
to be eligible based on a favorable adjudication of an investigation completed within the prior 5 years, provided they
have remained employed by the same employer during the period in question, the employee certifies in writing that
there has been no change in the relevant information provided by the employee for the last background investigation,
and there is no information that would tend to indicate the employee may no longer satisfy the standards established by
this order for access to classified information.
(d) Access eligibility shall be reapproved for individuals who were determined to be eligible based on a favorable
adjudication of an investigation completed within the prior 5 years and who have been retired or otherwise separated
from United States Government employment for not more than 2 years; provided there is no indication the individual
may no longer satisfy the standards of this order, the individual certifies in writing that there has been no change in the
relevant information provided by the individual for the last background investigation, and an appropriate record check
reveals no unfavorable information.
Sec. 3.4. Reinvestigation Requirements. (a) Because circumstances and characteristics may change dramatically over
time and thereby alter the eligibility of employees for continued access to classified information, reinvestigations shall
be conducted with the same priority and care as initial investigations.
(b) Employees who are eligible for access to classified information shall be the subject of periodic reinvestigations and
may also be reinvestigated if, at any time, there is reason to believe that they may no longer meet the standards for
access established in this order.
(c) Not later than 180 days after the effective date of this order, the Security Policy Board shall develop a common set
of reinvestigative standards, including the frequency of reinvestigations.
PART 4 INVESTIGATIONS FOR FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS
Sec. 4. Authority. Agencies that conduct background investigations, including the Federal Bureau of Investigation and
the Department of State, are authorized to conduct personnel security investigations in the United States when
requested by a foreign government as part of its own personnel security program and with the consent of the individual.
PART 5 REVIEW OF ACCESS DETERMINATIONS

http://www.opm.gov/extra/investigate/eo12968.asp (6 of 9)8/10/2006 9:18:12 AM

Executive Order Number 12968

Sec. 5.1. Determinations of Need for Access. A determination under section 2.1(b)(4) of this order that an employee
does not have, or no longer has, a need for access is a discretionary determination and shall be conclusive.
Sec. 5.2. Review Proceedings for Denials or Revocations of Eligibility for Access. (a) Applicants and employees who are
determined to not meet the standards for access to classified information established in section 3.1 of this order shall be:
(1) provided as comprehensive and detailed a written explanation of the basis for that conclusion as the national
security interests of the United States and other applicable law permit;
(2) provided within 30 days, upon request and to the extent the documents would be provided if requested under the
Freedom of Information Act (5 U.S.C. 552) or the Privacy Act (3 U.S.C. 552a), as applicable, any documents, records,
and reports upon which a denial or revocation is based;
(3) informed of their right to be represented by counsel or other representative at their own expense; to request any
documents, records, and reports as described in section 5.2(a)(2) upon which a denial or revocation is based; and to
request the entire investigative file, as permitted by the national security and other applicable law, which, if requested,
shall be promptly provided prior to the time set for a written reply;
(4) provided a reasonable opportunity to reply in writing to, and to request a review of, the determination;
(5) provided written notice of and reasons for the results of the review, the identity of the deciding authority, and
written notice of the right to appeal;
(6) provided an opportunity to appeal in writing to a high level panel, appointed by the agency head, which shall be
comprised of at least three members, two of whom shall be selected from outside the security field. Decisions of the
panel shall be in writing, and final except as provided in subsection (b) of this section; and
(7) provided an opportunity to appear personally and to present relevant documents, materials, and information at
some point in the process before an adjudicative or other authority, other than the investigating entity, as determined
by the agency head. A written summary or recording of such appearance shall be made part of the applicant's or
employee's security record, unless such appearance occurs in the presence of the appeals panel described in subsection
(a)(6) of this section.
(b) Nothing in this section shall prohibit an agency head from personally exercising the appeal authority in subsection (a)
(6) of this section based upon recommendations from an appeals panel. In such case, the decision of the agency head
shall be final.
(c) Agency heads shall promulgate regulations to implement this section and, at their sole discretion and as resources
and national security considerations permit, may provide additional review proceedings beyond those required by
subsection (a) of this section. This section does not require additional proceedings, however, and creates no procedural
or substantive rights.
(d) When the head of an agency or principal deputy personally certifies that a procedure set forth in this section cannot
be made available in a particular case without damaging the national security interests of the United States by revealing
classified information, the particular procedure shall not be made available. This certification shall be conclusive.
(e) This section shall not be deemed to limit or affect the responsibility and power of an agency head pursuant to any
law or other Executive order to deny or terminate access to classified information in the interests of national security.
The power and responsibility to deny or terminate access to classified information pursuant to any law or other
Executive order may be exercised only where the agency head determines that the procedures prescribed in subsection
(a) of this section cannot be invoked in a manner that is consistent with national security. This determination shall be
conclusive.
(f)(1) This section shall not be deemed to limit or affect the responsibility and power of an agency head to make
determinations of suitability for employment.
(2) Nothing in this section shall require that an agency provide the procedures prescribed in subsection (a) of this
section to an applicant where a conditional offer of employment is withdrawn for reasons of suitability or any other
reason other than denial of eligibility for access to classified information.

http://www.opm.gov/extra/investigate/eo12968.asp (7 of 9)8/10/2006 9:18:12 AM

Executive Order Number 12968

(3) A suitability determination shall not be used for the purpose of denying an applicant or employee the review
proceedings of this section where there has been a denial or revocation of eligibility for access to classified information.
PART 6 IMPLEMENTATION
Sec. 6.1. Agency Implementing Responsibilities. Heads of agencies that grant employees access to classified information
shall: (a) designate a senior agency official to direct and administer the agency's personnel security program established
by this order. All such programs shall include active oversight and continuing security education and awareness
programs to ensure effective implementation of this order;
(b) cooperate, under the guidance of the Security Policy Board, with other agencies to achieve practical, consistent, and
effective adjudicative training and guidelines; and
(c) conduct periodic evaluations of the agency's implementation and administration of this order, including the
implementation of section 1.3(a) of this order. Copies of each report shall be provided to the Security Policy Board.
Sec. 6.2. Employee Responsibilities. (a) Employees who are granted eligibility for access to classified information shall:
(1) protect classified information in their custody from unauthorized disclosure;
(2) report all contacts with persons, including foreign nationals, who seek in any way to obtain unauthorized access to
classified information;
(3) report all violations of security regulations to the appropriate security officials; and
(4) comply with all other security requirements set forth in this order and its implementing regulations.
(b) Employees are encouraged and expected to report any information that raises doubts as to whether another
employee's continued eligibility for access to classified information is clearly consistent with the national security.
Sec. 6.3. Security Policy Board Responsibilities and Implementation. (a) With respect to actions taken by the Security
Policy Board pursuant to sections 1.3(c), 3.1(f), 3.2(b), 3.3(a)(2), and 3.4(c) of this order, the Security Policy Board
shall make recommendations to the President through the Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs for
implementation.
(b) Any guidelines, standards, or procedures developed by the Security Policy Board pursuant to this order shall be
consistent with those guidelines issued by the Federal Bureau of Investigation in March 1994 on Background
Investigations Policy/Guidelines Regarding Sexual Orientation.
(c) In carrying out its responsibilities under this order, the Security Policy Board shall consult where appropriate with the
Overseas Security Policy Board. In carrying out its responsibilities under section 1.3(c) of this order, the Security Policy
Board shall obtain the concurrence of the Director of the Office of Management and Budget.
Sec. 6.4. Sanctions. Employees shall be subject to appropriate sanctions if they knowingly and willfully grant eligibility
for, or allow access to, classified information in violation of this order or its implementing regulations. Sanctions may
include reprimand, suspension without pay, removal, and other actions in accordance with applicable law and agency
regulations.
PART 7 GENERAL PROVISIONS
Sec. 7.1. Classified Information Procedures Act. Nothing in this order is intended to alter the procedures established
under the Classified Information Procedures Act (18 U.S.C. App. 1).
Sec. 7.2. General. (a) Information obtained by an agency under sections 1.2(e) or 1.3 of this order may not be
disseminated outside the agency, except to:
(1) the agency employing the employee who is the subject of the records or information;
(2) the Department of Justice for law enforcement or counterintelligence purposes; or
http://www.opm.gov/extra/investigate/eo12968.asp (8 of 9)8/10/2006 9:18:12 AM

Executive Order Number 12968

(3) any agency if such information is clearly relevant to the authorized responsibilities of such agency.
(b) The Attorney General, at the request of the head of an agency, shall render an interpretation of this order with
respect to any question arising in the course of its administration.
(c) No prior Executive orders are repealed by this order. To the extent that this order is inconsistent with any provision
of any prior Executive order, this order shall control, except that this order shall not diminish or otherwise affect the
requirements of Executive Order No. 10450, the denial and revocation procedures provided to individuals covered by
Executive Order No. 10865, as amended, or access by historical researchers and former presidential appointees under
Executive Order No. 12958 or any successor order.
(d) If any provision of this order or the application of such provision is held to be invalid, the remainder of this order
shall not be affected.
(e) This Executive order is intended only to improve the internal management of the executive branch and is not
intended to, and does not, create any right to administrative or judicial review, or any other right or benefit or trust
responsibility, substantive or procedural, enforceable by a party against the United States, its agencies or
instrumentalities, its officers or employees, or any other person.
(f) This order is effective immediately.

WILLIAM J. CLINTON
THE WHITE HOUSE
August 2, 1995.

| Investigations Main Page | Executive Orders Page |

Office of Personnel Management
1900 E Street NW, Washington, DC 20415-1000 | (202) 606-1800 | TTY (202) 606-2532
Contact Us | Important Links | Forms | FAQ's | Products & Services

http://www.opm.gov/extra/investigate/eo12968.asp (9 of 9)8/10/2006 9:18:12 AM

Site Index A-Z