Expedited form_KAHO

National Park Service
U.S. Department of the Interior
Social Science Program

Expedited Approval for NPS- Sponsored Public Surveys
1.

Project Title ⎢
Submission Date:

2.

Abstract:

Fisheries Harvest Survey in two Hawaiian National Parks

The project is designed to provide estimates of fisheries catch and effort in two Hawaiian
national parks: Kaloko-Honokohau National Historical Park and Kalaupapa National
Historical Park. The project is a component of the protocol development for fisheries harvest,
a vital sign identified by the NPS Inventory and Monitoring Program. The goal of this project
is to survey adult fishers and acquire data that will be analyzed for calculation of estimates of
fisheries catch and effort in both parks. Surveys conducted during this project will be
anonymous. The survey has been reviewed and approved by resource managers in the parks.
The fisheries parameter estimates will be used in analyses needed for standardized NPS
protocol development.
(not to exceed 150 words)

3.

Principal Investigator Contact Information
First Name:
Title:
Affiliation:
Street Address:
City:

4.

Jim

Last Name:

Beets

HI

Zip
code:

Professor, Marine Science
University of Hawaii at Hilo
200 W. Kawili St
Hilo

Phone:

808-933-3493

Email:

[email protected]

State:

Fax:

96720

808-974-7693

Park or Program Liaison Contact Information
First Name:

Last Name:

Sallie

Title:

Marine Ecologist

Park:

Kaloko-Honokohau National Historical Park

Park
Office/Division:
Street Address:
City:

30 Oct 2008

Beavers

Resource Management

73-4786 Kanalani St., #14
Kailua Kona

State:

HI

Zip
code:

96740

Phone:

808-329-6881 x1220

Email:

[email protected]

Fax:

808-329-2597

Project Information
5.

Park(s) For Which Research
is to be Conducted:

6.

Survey Dates:

7.

Type of Information Collection Instrument (Check ALL that Apply)

8.

‰

Mail- Back
Questionnaire

‰

Other (explain)

Survey Justification:
(Use as much space as
needed; if necessary include
additional explanation on a
separate page.)

Kaloko-Honokohau National Historical Park (KAHO)
Kalaupapa National Historical Park (KALA)
10/01/2009

‰

(mm/dd/yyyy)

On- Site
Questionnaire

to

12/31/2010

X Face- to- Face ‰
Interview

(mm/dd/yyyy)

Telephone
Survey

‰

Focus
Groups

Social science research in support of park planning and management is mandated
in the NPS Management Policies 2006 (Section 8.11.1, “Social Science Studies”).
The NPS pursues a policy that facilitates social science studies in support of the
NPS mission to protect resources and enhance the enjoyment of present and future
generations (National Park Service Act of 1916, 38 Stat 535, 16 USC 1, et seq.).
NPS policy mandates that social science research will be used to provide an
understanding of park visitors, the non-visiting public, gateway communities and
regions, and human interactions with park resources. Such studies are needed to
provide a scientific basis for park planning, development, operations,
management, education, and interpretive activities.
Survey data are needed for development of the Inventory and Monitoring Protocol
of the Fish Harvest Vital Sign identified by the by the Pacific Island Network .
Estimates of fish catch and effort are essential for this effort.
The objectives of this project are to: 1) gather data on the fishing pressure on
marine resources within Kaloko-Honokohau National Historical Park (KAHO)
and Kalaupapa National Historical Park (KALA) in Hawaii; 2) gather information
on fisher catch and effort by gear type, and 3) gather data on the diversity of
fisheries resources harvested in both parks.
These parks are in the process of developing monitoring programs to evaluate
their natural resources. The marine resources are exposed to numerous impacts.
All Pacific parks are experiencing differing degrees of marine resource
exploitation. Monitoring the status of these resources and their use is critical for
future resource evaluation and management actions. Fisheries surveys are a
standard fisheries-dependent method for obtaining resource information for
management.
No previous fisheries surveys have been conducted in the national parks in
Hawaii.

9.

Survey Methodology: (Use
as much space as needed; if
necessary include
additional explanation on a
separate page.)

(a) Respondent universe:
Adult (18 and older) fishers intercepted along the ocean shoreline at KAHO and
KALA between October 1, 2008 and December 31, 2010.
(b) Sampling plan/procedures:
The surveys will represent a sample of shoreline anglers fishing in the park during
the survey period. Preliminary observations suggest that the greatest fishing
activity is from shore access. Survey sampling will be based on a stratified
random sampling design. Higher-activity periods (weekend days, holidays) will
have a greater sampling proportion than lower activity periods (weekdays).
Methods will be similar to those conducted in other Pacific Network parks,
including the National Park of America (NPSA) and War and the Pacific National

Historical Park (WAPA). During the selected sampling days, all shoreline fishers
encountered in designated access areas within the parks--and who are 18 years old
and older-- will be approached by interviewers and asked to participate in the
survey. Refusals will be recorded in a survey log. Sampling will be conducted
during daylight hours. Night fishing activity will be observed and recorded by
NPS staff, but will not be included in the survey.
(c) Instrument administration:
Interviews will only be administered to willing participants. A trained graduate
student and assistants will conduct all surveys in both parks. Interviewers will
walk assigned shoreline segments and approach all fishers encountered. If a fisher
does not wish to participate, or is not 18 years old or older, then a record will be
made of the fisher and activity (observed gear/fish), and the interviewer will
continue along the shoreline. Willing participants will be asked all relevant
questions on the survey, and the interviewer will record responses. Only survey
questions will be asked, including asking permission to measure the catch.
(d) Expected response rate/confidence levels:

The plan is to survey 200 fishers at KAHO and 100 at KALA. We expect to
obtain a response rate of 80% based on other NPS fisheries studies (National Park
of American Samoa, War in the Pacific NHP). The margin of error for the overall
sample is +/- 6.3 percentage points at a confidence level of 95%.
(e) Strategies for dealing with potential non- response bias:
Observations will be made on fisher activity, including gear type, group size,
gender, juvenile fisher activity, and other conditions. If a reason for refusal is
given, the reason will be recorded. Respondents and non-respondents will be
compared and the data will be evaluated for non-response bias and discussed in
the final report.
(f) Description of any pre- testing and peer review of the methods and/or
instrument (recommended):

The survey instrument has been reviewed by resource managers and marine
ecologists in all parks and PIs for the protocol development project. The survey
instrument has been review by faculty at the university and NPS collaborators.

10.

Total Number of
Initial Contacts |
Expected Respondents:

13.

Reporting Plan:

300

240

11.

Estimated Time to
Complete Initial
Contact |
Instrument (mins.):

3

15

12.

Total
Burden
Hours:

75

Survey data summary and analysis will be incorporated into the Protocol
Development Report which reviewed and approved by Pacific Network,. Analysis
will include statistical methods used in other NPS reports (NPSA, WAPA).
ANOVA, t-tests, and their non-parametric equivalents will be used to determine
statistical differences in activities, gear types, catch per unit effort, etc.