DRTO Private Boat

OMB Control # 1024-XXXX
Expiration date:

DRY TORTUGAS NATIONAL PARK
PRIVATE BOAT OPERATOR QUESTIONNAIRE

East Carolina University
Human Dimensions of Marine and Coastal Ecosystems
Institute for Coastal Science and Policy
Greenville, NC

Note: The text in the shaded boxes below will not be included in the survey (the visitors will not read this as a part of the survey
process). This text is used to annotate the questions in response to Part A question 2 of the PRA Supporting Statement

In the following questions, please tell us about your use history of Dry Tortugas National Park.
[Park Use History] – in this section we would like to understand how people use DRTO and how those use levels have changed
over timeA map will be provided that will depict the geographical boundaries of DRTO. The respondent will be asked to refer to
the map to answer Q7; 21-25

1.
In which year did you make your first visit to Dry Tortugas National Park?
_____ Year

2.
Over the past twelve months, how many visits have you made to Dry Tortugas National Park?
_____ Number of Visits

3.
On your most recent visit to Dry Tortugas National Park, how many people, including yourself, were

in your party?
______Number of People
4.

Since your first visit to Dry Tortugas National Park, how has your annual visitation rate to Dry
Tortugas National Park changed over time? (Please circle one response)

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

5.

Far fewer visits
Fewer visits
Remained about the same
More visits
Many more visits
This is my first visit to Dry Tortugas National Park

How familiar are you with the Dry Tortugas National Park Boundaries?
1

Not at all familiar

2

Somewhat familiar

3

Moderately familiar

4

Very familiar

5

Extremely familiar

[Activity Information and History] – in this section we would like to understand what activities are important to users of DRTO
and the level of participation in those activities.

Below is a list of activities available in Dry Tortugas National Park. Please rank how important

it is for you to participate in the following in Dry Tortugas National Park. If you do not participate in
an activity at all, please select “Not applicable” (n/a).

No
imt at a
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No
apt
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le

6.

a.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
j.
k.
g.

Recreational fishing...................................................................................... 1 2 3 4 5 n/a
Snorkeling......................................................................................................... 1 2 3 4 5 n/a
SCUBA Diving................................................................................................... 1 2 3 4 5 n/a
Power boating................................................................................................. 1 2 3 4 5 n/a
Sail boating....................................................................................................... 1 2 3 4 5 n/a
Nature/wildlife observation..................................................................... 1 2 3 4 5 n/a
Kayaking............................................................................................................ 1 2 3 4 5 n/a
Historic tours................................................................................................... 1 2 3 4 5 n/a
Other (Specify: ________________________________)................................... 1 2 3 4 5 n/a
2

7.

Below is a list of activities available in Dry Tortugas National Park. Using the enclosed map, please
tell us how many days you have participated in each activity over the past twelve months in
each of the zones shown on the map. Enter the appropriate number of days to indicate your

use level.

Zone
A
Recreational fishing
Snorkeling

Activity

SCUBA Diving
Power boating
Sail boating
Nature/wildlife observation
Kayaking
Historic tours
Other (Specify:____________________________)

B

C

D

____# of days ____# of days

____# of days

____# of days

____# of days ____# of days

____# of days

____# of days

____# of days ____# of days
____# of days ____# of days
____# of days ____# of days
____# of days ____# of days
____# of days ____# of days
____# of days ____# of days
____# of days ____# of days

____# of days
____# of days
____# of days
____# of days
____# of days
____# of days
____# of days

____# of days
____# of days
____# of days
____# of days
____# of days
____# of days
____# of days

[Perceptions of resource conditions] – in this section we would like to understand knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of
environmental conditions within DRTO. Attribution theory is incorporated into these questions to better understand conflict
dynamics . Question 14 utilizes social normative theory to examine broader injunctive norms.

In the next several questions we would like to know what you think about the
health of Dry Tortugas National Park.

d.

e.

f.

Sl
a ightl
gre y
e

Ne

utr
al

Sl
d ightl
isa y
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e

a.

b.

c.

St
a rong
gre ly
e

Please indicate the extent to which you agree or disagree with the following statements about fish
populations.
St
d rong
isa ly
gre
e

8.

Fish populations in Dry Tortugas National park are able to easily
recover from any impacts from diving/snorkeling without any
long-term damage.................................................................................................... 1 2 3 4 5
Fish populations in Dry Tortugas National Park are able to easily
recover from any impacts from recreational fishing without any
long-term damage.................................................................................................... 1 2 3 4 5
Fish populations in Dry Tortugas National Park are
generally in a healthy condition......................................................................... 1 2 3 4 5
Divers/snorkelers cause some damage to fish populations in
Dry Tortugas National Park, which has long-lasting
effects on fish populations.................................................................................... 1 2 3 4 5
Recreational anglers cause some damage to fish populations in
Dry Tortugas National Park, which has long-lasting
effects fish populations.......................................................................................... 1 2 3 4 5
Dry Tortugas National Park fish populations where I typically
recreate are in a healthy condition.................................................................. 1 2 3 4 5
3

Sl
a ightl
gre y
e

Ne
utr
al

Coral reef ecosystems in Dry Tortugas National Park are able to
easily recover from any impacts from diving/snorkeling
without any long-term damage.......................................................................... 1 2 3 4 5
Coral reef ecosystems in Dry Tortugas National Park are able to
easily recover from any impacts from commercial fishing
without any long-term damage.......................................................................... 1 2 3 4 5
Coral reef ecosystems in Dry Tortugas National Park are able to
easily recover from any impacts from recreational fishing
without any long-term damage.......................................................................... 1 2 3 4 5
Coral reef ecosystems in Dry Tortugas National Park are
generally in a healthy condition......................................................................... 1 2 3 4 5
Divers/snorkelers cause some damage to reefs in
Dry Tortugas National Park, which has long-lasting
effects on reef health............................................................................................... 1 2 3 4 5
Commercial fishermen cause some damage to reefs in
Dry Tortugas National Park, which has long-lasting
effects on reef health............................................................................................... 1 2 3 4 5
Recreational anglers cause some damage to reefs in
Dry Tortugas National Park, which has long-lasting
effects on reef health............................................................................................... 1 2 3 4 5
Dry Tortugas National Park reef areas where I typically recreate
are in a healthy condition..................................................................................... 1 2 3 4 5

Overall, do you feel the following are having a positive or negative impact on the ecological health of
the marine resources in Dry Tortugas National Park?

E
nxtrem
ega el
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M
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Mo
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Ex
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10.

Sl
d ightl
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e

a.

b.

c.

d.

e.

f.

g.

h.

St
a rong
gre ly
e

Please indicate the extent to which you agree or disagree with the following statements about coral
reef health.
St
d rong
isa ly
gre
e

9.

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.

Water quality................................................................................... 1 2 3 5 4 6 7
SCUBA diving................................................................................... 1 2 3 5 4 6 7
Commercial fishing....................................................................... 1 2 3 5 4 6 7
Hurricanes........................................................................................ 1 2 3 5 4 6 7
Snorkeling......................................................................................... 1 2 3 5 4 6 7
Recreational fishing...................................................................... 1 2 3 5 4 6 7
Global climate change.................................................................. 1 2 3 5 4 6 7
Marine debris/trash..................................................................... 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

11.

Overall, how would you rate the current ecological health of Dry Tortugas National Park?

1. Very poor
2. Poor
3. Fair
4. Good
5. Very good
4

12.

Do you feel that the ecological health Dry Tortugas National Park is improving, declining or staying
the same?

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Declining substantially
Declining somewhat
Staying the same
Improving somewhat
Improving substantially

t
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Ex
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Sli
g
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No
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t

13. How important was it to you to do each of the following during your most recent trip to Dry Tortugas

National Park?

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
k.

To see a healthy reef......................................................................................................1 2 3 4 5
To see a wreck..................................................................................................................1 2 3 4 5
To experience good underwater clarity................................................................1 2 3 4 5
To see undamaged reef sites......................................................................................1 2 3 4 5
To see marine life (other that fish)..........................................................................1 2 3 4 5
To see large fish...............................................................................................................1 2 3 4 5
To see live coral................................................................................................................1 2 3 4 5
To experience natural surroundings......................................................................1 2 3 4 5
To relax................................................................................................................................1 2 3 4 5
To experience adventure.............................................................................................1 2 3 4 5
To dive in an uncrowded area....................................................................................1 2 3 4 5

In the next several questions we would like to know about your perceptions of Research Natural Areas. The
Research Natural Area in the Dry Tortugas National Park was created in 2007 and is closed to fishing and
anchoring. It is marked as Zone D on the enclosed map.

f.
g.
h.
i.

j.

Ne

utr
a

Sl
a ightl
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e

l

Sl
d ightl
isa y
gre
e

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

St
a rong
gre ly
e

We would like to know about your perceptions of the Research Natural Area (closed to fishing and
anchoring). Please indicate the extent to which you believe other users of Dry Tortugas National
Park would agree or disagree that marine reserves help to:
St
d rong
isa ly
gre
e

14.

Protect living coral.........................................................................................................1 2 3 4 5
Protect living seagrass..................................................................................................1 2 3 4 5
Increase the number of fish species in the area................................................1 2 3 4 5
Increase the total number of fish in the area......................................................1 2 3 4 5
Increase the number of large fish in the area.....................................................1 2 3 4 5
Decrease conflict among user groups in the area.............................................1 2 3 4 5
Restore degraded ecosystems...................................................................................1 2 3 4 5
Enhance the SCUBA diving experience..................................................................1 2 3 4 5
Enhance the recreational fishing experience in
waters surrounding the reserve..........................................................................1 2 3 4 5
Enhance the level of biological knowledge about such areas......................1 2 3 4 5
5

Below is a list of user groups in Dry Tortugas National Park. Please indicate how you feel each
group has been impacted by the creation of the Research Natural Area.

E
nxtrem
ega el
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M
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tiv ly
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N
no pos
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Mo
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Ex
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15.

a. Recreational fishermen............................................................................................... 1 2 3 4 5
b. Snorkelers......................................................................................................................... 1 2 3 4 5
c. SCUBA Divers................................................................................................................... 1 2 3 4 5
d. Power boaters................................................................................................................. 1 2 3 4 5
e. Sail boaters....................................................................................................................... 1 2 3 4 5
f. Nature/wildlife observers......................................................................................... 1 2 3 4 5
g. Kayakers............................................................................................................................ 1 2 3 4 5
h. Other (Specify: ________________________________)................................................... 1 2 3 4 5

[Activity Information and History] – in this section we would like to understand the respondent’s recreational experience and
levels of satisfaction with specific reference to diving at DRTO. Substitution theory is included in these questions to try and
understand displacement of users. The exact wording for Question 19 was used in an OMB approved survey effort in the Florida
Keys in 2008 (OMB # 0648-0572).

In the next several questions we would like to know about the activities in which you participate while
visiting Dry Tortugas National Park.
16.

Of all of your visits to the Dry Tortugas National Park in the past 12 months, did you SCUBA dive?

1. Yes, If Yes, continue with Question 17, below
2. No, If No, go to Question 34, page 11

17.

What level of certification do you presently hold? (Please circle all that apply).

1. Enrolled in a SCUBA diving course
2. Open Water
3. Advanced
4. Dive Master
5. Instructor
6. Other (please specify) ________________________________________________________

18.

Consider your most recent snorkeling/SCUBA diving trip to Dry Tortugas National Park. Overall,
how satisfied were you with this experience?

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Not at all satisfied
Somewhat satisfied
Moderately satisfied
Very satisfied
Extremely satisfied

6

So
useme

Al
i
usettle

No
at use
all

Al
o
uset of

To what extent do you make use of the following for current information about snorkeling/SCUBA
diving in Dry Tortugas National Park?
Alm
no ost
use

19.

a. Talking with other divers........................................................................................... 1 2 3 4 5
b. Diving magazines........................................................................................................... 1 2 3 4 5
c. Government agency publications........................................................................... 1 2 3 4 5
d. Conservation organization publications.............................................................. 1 2 3 4 5
e. Newspapers...................................................................................................................... 1 2 3 4 5
f. Dive shops/companies................................................................................................ 1 2 3 4 5
g. Club meetings.................................................................................................................. 1 2 3 4 5
h. Television.......................................................................................................................... 1 2 3 4 5
i. Radio.................................................................................................................................... 1 2 3 4 5
j. Online/internet resources......................................................................................... 1 2 3 4 5
k. Talking with park personnel..................................................................................... 1 2 3 4 5
l. Participating in interpretive activities led by park personnel ................... 1 2 3 4 5
m. Visiting an information/interpretive center...................................................... 1 2 3 4 5

ble

a. Talking with other divers........................................................................... 1 2 3 4 5 n/a
b. Diving magazines........................................................................................... 1 2 3 4 5 n/a
c. Government agency publications........................................................... 1 2 3 4 5 n/a
d. Conservation organization publications.............................................. 1 2 3 4 5 n/a
e. Newspapers...................................................................................................... 1 2 3 4 5 n/a
f. Dive shops/companies................................................................................ 1 2 3 4 5 n/a
g. Club meetings.................................................................................................. 1 2 3 4 5 n/a
h. Television.......................................................................................................... 1 2 3 4 5 n/a
i. Radio.................................................................................................................... 1 2 3 4 5 n/a
j. Online/internet resources......................................................................... 1 2 3 4 5 n/a
k. Talking with park personnel..................................................................... 1 2 3 4 5 n/a
l. Participating in an interpretive activity led by park personnel.1 2 3 4 5 n/a
m. Visiting an information/interpretive center...................................... 1 2 3 4 5 n/a

7

lica

No
apt
p

Ex
t
usereme
ful ly

Ve
r
usey
ful

Sli
useghtly
ful

Mo
usedera
ful tely

Below is a list of information sources you may have used to gather information about snorkeling/
SCUBA diving in Dry Tortugas National Park. Please tell us how useful each source you used was.
If you didn’t use a source, select “Not applicable” (n/a).
No
uset at a
ful ll

20.

The following questions will help us understand which parts of Dry Tortugas National Park you utilize.
Please use the enclosed map of Dry Tortugas National Park when answering these questions.
21.

Over the past twelve months, how many dives did you make in each of the following zones?

22.

a.
b.
c.
d.

Zone A
Zone B
Zone C
Zone D

Number of
Dives
______
______
______
______

Which zone is your most preferable SCUBA diving location?

______ Zone
23.

If you could not dive in this zone, are there other zones in Dry Tortugas National Park that
offer similar diving experience?

24.

Please consider all of the dives you made in Dry Tortugas National Park in the past twelve months.
Please rate your satisfaction level with these dives, by zone. If you did not use a zone in the past

twelve months, please select “n/a”.
Sl
s ightl
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ed

M
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ed
Ve
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ati
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ed
Ex
s trem
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sfi y
ed
No
apt
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1 Yes, If Yes, which zone(s) __________________________________________________________________________
2 No, If No, why not? _________________________________________________________________________________

N
s ot at
ati all
sfi
ed

a.
b.
c.
d.

Zone A ................................................................................................................ 1 2 3 4 5 n/a
Zone B ................................................................................................................ 1 2 3 4 5 n/a
Zone C ................................................................................................................ 1 2 3 4 5 n/a
Zone D ................................................................................................................ 1 2 3 4 5 n/a

[Crowding and visitor behavior norms] – in this section we would like to understand the level of crowding that is acceptable,
as well as types of acceptable behavior during a visit to DRTO. Normative theory is incorporated into these questions to allow
acceptability analysis to be conducted. Questions 25-28 are replicates of questions used on other survey instruments in the
Florida Keys. Maintaining the same language will ensure comparability across data collections.

8

In the following questions you will be presented with several snorkeling/SCUBA diving scenarios.
Your responses should be based off of a typical snorkeling/SCUBA diving trip to your most preferred zone
(from Question 21) in Dry Tortugas National Park.
25.

During a trip to your most preferred zone (from Question 21) in Dry Tortugas National Park,
what is the maximum number of:

a. SCUBA divers and snorkelers you find acceptable to see at any one moment during your time in the water?

...........................................................................................................................................................................................................______
b. Boats you find acceptable to see at any one moment during your time at a snorkel/dive site?.............______

Ex
t
accreme
ep ly
tab
le

Sli
g
acchtly
ep
tab

Ex
t
un reme
acc ly
ep
ta

le
Mo
accdera
ep tely
tab
le

During a trip to your most preferred zone in Dry Tortugas National Park, how acceptable is it for you
to see the following number of boats at any one moment during your time at a dive site?

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
28.

Ex
t
accreme
ep ly
tab
le

Zero SCUBA divers/snorkelers ................................................1 2 3 4 5 6 7
5 SCUBA divers/ snorkelers.......................................................1 2 3 4 5 6 7
10 SCUBA divers/ snorkelers....................................................1 2 3 4 5 6 7
15 SCUBA divers/ snorkelers....................................................1 2 3 4 5 6 7
20 SCUBA divers/ snorkelers....................................................1 2 3 4 5 6 7
25 SCUBA divers/ snorkelers....................................................1 2 3 4 5 6 7
More than 25 SCUBA divers/ snorkelers..............................1 2 3 4 5 6 7

ble
Mo
un dera
acc tel
ep y
tab
le
Sli
gh
un tly
acc
ep
tab
le
No
tS
ure

27.

Sli
g
acchtly
ep
tab

Ex
t
un reme
acc ly
ep
ta

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.

le
Mo
accdera
ep tely
tab
le

During a trip to your most preferred zone (from Question 21) in Dry Tortugas National Park, how
acceptable is it for you to see the following number of SCUBA divers and snorkelers at any
one moment during your time in the water? (Please circle one number for each of

the following items).
ble
Mo
un dera
acc tel
ep y
tab
le
Sli
gh
un tly
acc
ep
tab
le
No
tS
ure

26.

Zero boats...........................................................................................1 2 3 4 5 6 7
5 boats.................................................................................................1 2 3 4 5 6 7
10 boats...............................................................................................1 2 3 4 5 6 7
15 boats...............................................................................................1 2 3 4 5 6 7
20 boats...............................................................................................1 2 3 4 5 6 7
25 boats...............................................................................................1 2 3 4 5 6 7
More than 25 boats........................................................................1 2 3 4 5 6 7
During your most recent trip to your most preferred zone (from Question 24) in Dry Tortugas
National Park, what is the actual number of:

a. SCUBA divers and snorkelers you saw at any one moment during your time in the water? ______
b. Boats you saw at any one moment during your time at a snorkel/dive site?.........................______
9

29.

On the scale below, please indicate how crowded you felt while actively diving during your most
recent trip in the Dry Tortugas National Park. (Circle one number on the scale).
1

2

Not at all Crowded

3

4

Slightly Crowded

5

6

7

8

Moderately Crowded

9

Extremely Crowded

[Perceptions of resource conditions] – in this section we would like to understand knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of
environmental conditions within DRTO. Attribution theory is incorporated to better understand conflict dynamics

f.
g.
h.
i.
j.

len

Ex
cel

Ve
g ry
oo
d

Go
od

Av
era
ge

Amount of algae...............................................................................1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Underwater visibility....................................................................1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Color of the coral.............................................................................1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Number of fish..................................................................................1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Different kinds of fish....................................................................1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Size of fish..........................................................................................1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Amount of coral disease...............................................................1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Amount of live coral.......................................................................1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Size of corals.....................................................................................1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Different kinds of corals...............................................................1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Overall, do you feel the following are having a positive or negative impact on the ecological health
of marine resources in Dry Tortugas National Park?

E
nxtrem
ega el
tiv y
e im
pa
ct
M
n oder
ega ate
tiv ly
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pa
ct
Sl
n ightl
ega y
tiv
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pa
No
ct
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ega iti
tiv ve o
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pa
Sli
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po tly
sit
ive
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Mo
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Ex
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31.

Po
or

Ve
r
po y
or

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

32.

t

Below is a list of characteristics that you may notice while snorkeling/SCUBA diving. Consider your
most recent snorkeling/SCUBA diving experience at Dry Tortugas National Park and rate the

condition of the characteristics for each of the following items.
Ex
t
po reme
or ly

30.

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.

Water quality....................................................................................1 2 3 4 5 6 7
SCUBA diving....................................................................................1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Commercial fishing........................................................................1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Hurricanes.........................................................................................1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Snorkeling..........................................................................................1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Recreational fishing.......................................................................1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Global climate change...................................................................1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Marine debris/trash......................................................................1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Overall, how would you rate the current health of the coral reef ecosystems in Dry Tortugas
National Park?
1. Very poor
2. Poor
3. Fair
4. Good
5. Very good
N/A

I did not dive/snorkel on coral reefs

10

33.

Do you feel that the health of the coral reef ecosystems in Dry Tortugas National Park is improving,
declining or staying the same?

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Declining substantially
Declining somewhat
Staying the same
Improving somewhat
Improving substantially

N/A

I did not dive/snorkel on coral reefs

The following questions will help us improve our understanding of users of Dry Tortugas National Park.
The information you provide us will remain strictly anonymous. Your name will never be
associated with your answers.
[Demographics] – This information is needed to check the representativeness of our sample against the population. Variables
such as age, gender and income are included since they are often good predictors of demand and visitation behavior.

34.

What is your age?

35.

______ Years

1 Male
2 Female

____ ____ ____ ____ ____

_______ Hours

36.

37.

38.

Are you:

What is the ZIP Code of your primary residence?

On your most recent visit to Dry Tortugas National Park, how many hours did you stay in the park?

In which city is the marina/dock or boat ramp from which you started your most recent visit to
Dry Tortugas National Park?

_________________________________________________________
39.

Would you classify yourself as Hispanic or Latino?

40.

1 Yes
2 No

1 English
2 Spanish
3 Creole
4 Other (Specify:__________________________)

Which of the following is the primary language used to communicate in your household?

11

41.

Which category best describes your race? (Please circle one).

42.

1 American Indian or Alaskan Native
2 Asian
3 Black or African American
4 Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander
5 White

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

Which of the following categories best describes your annual household income?
Under $5,000
$5,000 - $9,999
$10,000 - $14,999
$15,000 - $19,999
$20,000 - $24,999
$25,000 - $29,999
$30,000 - $34,999
$35,000 - $39,999

9
10
11
12
13
14
15

$40,000 - $44,999
$45,000 - $49,999
$50,000 - $59,999
$60,000 - $74,999
$75,000 - $99,999
$100,000 - $149,999
$150,000 or more

Is there anything else about Dry Tortugas National Park or this questionnaire you would like to share with us?
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Your contribution to the effort is greatly appreciated. Please return your completed questionnaire in the
postage-paid envelope as soon as possible. Thank you!
Please direct all inquiries to:
David K. Loomis
Human Dimensions of Marine and Coastal Ecosystems
Institute of Coastal Science and Policy
East Carolina University
Greenville, NC 27858-4353
Paperwork Reduction Act Statement: A Federal agency may not conduct of sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to a collection
of information unless it displays a valid OMB control number. Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 20
minutes per response, including time for reviewing instructions and responding to the questions associated with this collection. The obligation to
respond to this collection is completely voluntary. Please send comments regarding the burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of
information, to the National Park Service Chief Information Officer, ADDRESS: Washington, DC 20210

A report containing the results of this study will be available in 2012 at our website: www.ecu.edu/hd
Questionnaire No #______

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