State Court Adult Guardianship Practices Online Survey (ACUS Survey)

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Survey Instrument - ACUS

State Court Adult Guardianship Practices Online Survey (ACUS Survey)

OMB: 0960-0788

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OMB No.
0960-0788
Administrative Conference of the United States Survey of State Court
Adult Guardianship Practices
Introduction
The Administrative Conference of the United States (Administrative Conference) is an
independent federal agency dedicated to improving federal administrative processes through
consensus-driven applied research, and provision of nonpartisan expert advice and
recommendations to federal agencies. The Social Security Administration (SSA) has asked the
Administrative Conference to study state court practices relating to adult guardianships and
conservatorships with an eye toward suggesting potential enhancements in information sharing
or coordination on overlapping guardianship-representative payee matters.
The Administrative Conference, in partnership with the National Center for State Courts,
requests your participation in this online survey. The goals of this survey are twofold: (1) to
gather information on state court practices concerning selection, monitoring, and sanctioning of
adult guardians/conservators; and (2) to explore possibilities for greater sharing of information
and coordination between SSA and state courts.
Please complete the survey by [date]. We thank you in advance for your assistance. If you have
questions about this survey, please contact [name and contact information].
Instructions
Definitions. Because guardianship terminology varies considerably across the country, for
purposes of this survey, the following key terms are defined as follows:


“Guardian” is an individual or organization appointed by a court to exercise some or
all powers over the person and/or the estate of an adult determined by a court to lack
capacity to make decisions on a temporary or permanent basis. When the term
“guardian” or “guardianship” is used in survey questions, it should be read broadly
to cover both guardians of the person and of the estate.



“Guardian of the Person” is a guardian who possesses some or all powers with
regard to the personal affairs of an adult.



“Guardian of the Estate” is a guardian who possesses some or all powers with regard
to the finances or property of an adult. (In many states, this type of guardian is
referred to as a “conservator.”)



“Incapacitated Person” is an adult who has been determined by a court to lack
capacity to make some or all personal and/or financial decisions and for whom a
guardian has been appointed. (Some states may refer to such individuals as “persons
under guardianship,” “conservatees,” or “wards.”)

Scope. We understand that some judges, court officials, and others may work or serve in
multiple courts. Please respond to each survey question relative to the court with which you
have the greatest familiarity concerning adult guardianship practices and procedures.

A. Background Information
1. Please describe your most frequent role in the guardianship process.
❏
❏
❏
❏
❏

Judge/judicial officer
Court administrator/clerk/manager
Visitor/investigator/evaluator
Guardian
Other (please specify: __________________________)

2. In which state or territory do you primarily work or serve?
[Drop-down list of 50 states, D.C. & territories]

3. In which type of court do you primarily work or serve?
❏
❏
❏
❏

Probate court
General jurisdiction court
Limited jurisdiction court
Other (please specify: __________________________)

B. Selection of Guardians
4. In the past year, about what percentage of Guardians of the Person appointed in your
court fell into the following categories? (Estimates welcome if data for actual
percentages are unavailable.)
___ Family/friends
___ Professional guardians
___ Public guardians (such as: public guardian offices, social service or other agencies)
___ Volunteers (such as: pro bono attorneys, trained lay volunteers)
___ Other (please specify: __________________________)
___ Don’t know

2

5. In the past year, about what percentage of Guardians of the Estate appointed in your
court fell into the following categories? (Estimates welcome if data for actual
percentages are unavailable.)
___ Family/friends
___ Professional guardians
___ Public guardians (such as: public guardian offices, social service or other agencies)
___ Volunteers (such as: pro bono attorneys, trained volunteers)
___ Other (please specify: __________________________)
___ Don’t know

6. Generally, which statement best describes your court’s practice regarding review of
criminal background reports on prospective non-professional Guardians of the Estate
(i.e., individuals who are not certified or licensed guardians) prior to appointment?
❏
❏
❏
❏
❏
❏

All cases
Most cases
Some cases
A few cases
No cases
Don’t know

7. Generally, which statement best describes your court’s practice regarding review of credit
or financial reports on prospective non-professional Guardians of the Estate (i.e.,
individuals who are not certified or licensed guardians) prior to appointment?
❏
❏
❏
❏
❏
❏

All cases
Most cases
Some cases
A few cases
No cases
Don’t know

8. Does your court or local agency have a roster or list of potential guardians (i.e.,
individuals or organizations that may be asked by the court to serve as guardians when
needed)?
❏ Yes
❏ No
❏ Don’t know

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3

9. Is this roster or list of potential guardians currently available to the general public?
❏
❏
❏
❏
❏
❏

Yes, on the court’s website
Yes, at the courthouse
Yes, both on the court’s website and at the courthouse
Yes, but from elsewhere (please specify: _______________________)
No, roster only for use of court personnel
No, but can be made available to the Social Security Administration

10. When your court appoints a guardian, does it typically inquire whether that individual or
entity is also serving (or expects to serve) as a representative payee for Social Security
benefits (OASDI/SSI payments) received by the Incapacitated Person?
❏
❏
❏
❏
❏
❏

All cases
Most cases
Some cases
A few cases
No cases
Don’t know

C. Monitoring of Guardians
11. Generally, which statement best describes your court’s practice regarding whether
Guardians of the Estate must file inventories at or near the time of their appointment (i.e.,
within 120 days)?
❏
❏
❏
❏
❏
❏

All cases
Most cases
Some cases
A few cases
No cases
Don’t know

4

12. Generally, which statement best describes your court’s practice regarding whether
Guardians of the Estate must file annual financial accountings?
❏
❏
❏
❏
❏
❏

All cases
Most cases
Some cases
A few cases
No cases
Don’t know

<>

13. Does your court require Guardians of the Estate to file financial accountings on specific
court-provided or approved forms?
❏ Yes
❏ No
❏ Don’t know

<>
<>

14. Do these financial accounting forms provide a specific line item for Social Security
benefits (OASDI/SSI payments) received by an Incapacitated Person?
❏
❏
❏
❏

Yes, all forms
Yes, but only some forms
No
Don’t know

15. Are financial accountings filed by Guardians of the Estate subject to audit or similar type
of evaluation by court personnel or other authorized persons?
❏
❏
❏
❏

Yes, all forms
Yes, but only some forms
No
<>
Don’t know
<>

5

16. In your court, who typically audits or evaluates the financial accountings filed by
Guardians of the Estate? (Select all that apply.)
❏
❏
❏
❏
❏
❏

Judge/judicial officer
Court administrator/clerk/manager
Court investigator/auditor/accountant
Other public entity (such as: public guardian office, social service agency)
Volunteer
Other (please specify: _______________________)

D. Case Management of Guardianships
17. Does your court offer e-filing for any guardianship-related documents?
❏ Yes
❏ No
❏ Don’t know

<>
<>

18. Which type(s) of guardianship-related documents can be e-filed in your court? (Select all
that apply.)
❏
❏
❏
❏
❏
❏
❏
❏

Petition/application for appointment of guardian
Acceptance of appointment by guardian
Inventory or estate plan
Guardianship plan
Financial accounting (i.e., initial, annual or final)
Report on an Incapacitated Person’s status/well-being
Other (please specify: _______________________)
Don’t know

19. Does your court use an electronic case management system or database for guardianship
cases?
❏
❏
❏
❏

Yes
Not currently, but an electronic system expected in next 3 years
No
<>
Don’t know
<>

6

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20. Which statement(s) best describes the capabilities of the electronic case management
system or database used in your court for guardianship cases? (Select all that apply.)
❏ Records filing and disposition of guardianship cases
❏ Captures additional case-level data elements (such as: type of guardianship, name or
age of an Incapacitated Person, nature of incapacity)
❏ Generates reminders of upcoming due dates
❏ Tracks filing of financial accountings
❏ Flags anomalies, errors, or potential “red flags” in financial accountings
❏ Other (please specify: _______________________)
❏ Don’t know

21. Which statement(s) best describes the extent to which your court’s files in guardianship
cases—excluding confidential or sensitive information (such as: social security numbers
or medical reports)—are open to the public? (Select all that apply.)
❏ All or most files are open to the public, and available electronically
❏ All or most files are open to the public, but only available in paper form
❏ Guardianship files are routinely furnished to specified interested persons or
government entities
❏ Guardianship files are sealed, but can be opened under specific circumstances with
court approval
❏ Guardianship files are uniformly sealed, and not available to the public
❏ Don’t know

E. Sanctions/Removal of Guardians
22. In the past 3 years, has your court taken actions against any guardians for misconduct,
malfeasance, or serious failure to fulfill their obligations?
❏ Yes
❏ No
❏ Don’t know

<>
<>

7

23. Which of the actions listed below has your court taken in the past 3 years against
guardians for misconduct, malfeasance, or serious failure to fulfill their obligations?
(Select all that apply.)
❏
❏
❏
❏
❏
❏
❏
❏
❏

Issued show cause or contempt citation
Ordered additional training
Increased or collected bond (or other security)
Reported to adult protective services and/or law enforcement
Reported to bar association or other certifying/licensing body
Suspended and appointed temporary guardian
Removed and appointed successor guardian
Convicted guardian of a crime against an Incapacitated Person
Other (please specify: _______________________)

24. Which statement(s) best describes how your court currently keeps records on guardians
removed for misconduct, malfeasance, or serious failure to fulfill their obligations?
(Select all that apply.)
❏
❏
❏
❏
❏

Records kept in a computer database or other type of centralized list
Records kept in individual guardianship case files
Other (please specify: _______________________)
No records are kept
Don’t know

8

F. Caseload Information
25. For the past year, please indicate below the number for new adult guardianship filings
(i.e., new cases) in your court separately for Guardians of the Person (Column A) and
Guardians of the Estate (Column B). (Estimates welcome if actual data are unavailable.)
Note: Use the “Combined” column (Column C) for cases in which the same individual
was appointed as both Guardian of the Person and Guardian of the Estate, or when your
case management system cannot distinguish between types of adult guardianships.

2013 New Filings
Fewer than 10
10 to 99
100 to 299
300 to 499
500 or more
Don’t know

Guardianship of the
Person
(Column A)

Guardianship of the
Estate
(Column B)















Combined—Both
Guardianship of the
Estate and Person
(Column C)







26. Which statement best describes the number of adult guardianship cases (including
Guardianship of the Person and Guardianship of the Estate) filed in your court over the
last 3 years?
❏
❏
❏
❏

Filings have increased
Filings have stayed about the same
Filings have decreased
Don’t know

9

27. Guardianships often continue for many years. For the past year, please provide your
court’s current guardianship caseloads—that is, the total number of guardianships under
the supervision or ongoing review of your court— separately for Guardians of the Person
(Column A) and Guardians of the Estate (Column B). (Estimates welcome if actual data
are unavailable.)
Note: Use the “Combined” column (Column C) for cases in which the same individual
was appointed as both Guardian of the Person and Guardian of the Estate. Also use the
“Combined” column if your case management system cannot distinguish between the two
types of adult guardianships.

2013 Open/Pending
Caseload
Fewer than 50
50 to 99
100 to 499
500 to 999
1,000 to 1,999
2,000 to 2,999
3,000 or more
Don’t know

Guardianship of the
Person
(Column A)

Guardianship of the
Estate
(Column B)



















Combined—Both
Guardianship of the
Estate and Person
(Column C)









28. What percentage of Guardians of the Estate currently under your court’s supervision
serve—with respect to the same Incapacitated Person—as both guardian and
representative payee for Social Security benefits (OASDI/SSI payments)? (Estimates
welcome if data for actual percentages unavailable.)
___ Guardians of the Estate serving in dual capacity
___ Don’t know

10

G. Court Outreach/Community Interaction
29. Which statement(s) best describes the extent to which officials in your court interact with
community groups and local agencies (such as: long-term care ombudsmen, social
service agencies, adult protective services, and guardianship associations) that regularly
encounter Incapacitated Persons? (Select all that apply.)
❏
❏
❏
❏
❏

The court participates in multidisciplinary groups on guardianship-related matters
The court has developed referral protocols with such groups
The court collaborates with such groups from time to time
The court has little contact with such groups
Don’t know

30. Over the past 3 years, which statement best describes the nature and extent of your
court’s interaction with federal agencies (excluding the Social Security Administration)
to exchange information or consult on overlapping guardianship-representative payee
matters?
❏
❏
❏
❏
❏
❏

Systematic and frequent
Systematic but infrequent
Case-by-case basis and frequent
Case-by-case basis but infrequent
None (i.e., no interaction with federal agencies in past 3 years)
Don’t know
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31. Please list the federal agency(ies) your court has interacted with during this period and
briefly summarize the nature of such interactions.
[Text box for comments.]

32. Over the past 3 years, which statement best describes the nature and extent of [your
court’s/guardians’] interaction with the Social Security Administration to exchange
information or consult on overlapping guardianship-representative payee matters?
❏
❏
❏
❏
❏
❏

Systematic and frequent
Systematic but infrequent
Case-by-case basis and frequent
Case-by-case basis but infrequent
None (i.e., no interaction with Social Security Administration in past 3 years)
Don’t know

11

33. Do you think that enhanced coordination or sharing of information between [your
court/guardians] and the Social Security Administration would be beneficial?
❏ Yes
❏ No
❏ No opinion

<>
<>

34. Please briefly describe the kinds of coordination or information sharing with the Social
Security Administration that you think would be most helpful.
[Text box for comments.]

35. (Optional) Please provide any additional comments you may have concerning your
court’s guardianship program or any other topic related to the survey.
[Text box for comments.]

36. (Optional) If you would like to receive a copy of the survey results, please provide your
email address below.
[Text box for contact information.]

37. (Optional) If you would like to be contacted by Administrative Conference staff to
discuss your survey responses, or, more generally, your court’s guardianship program,
please provide your name and contact information below.
Name: _______________________________________________
Title: _________________________________________________
Work phone: ___________________________________________
Email address: __________________________________________

Thank you for your assistance!
Paperwork Reduction Act Statement - This survey, cleared under OMB No. 0960-0788, meets
the requirements of 44 U.S.C. § 3507, as amended by section 2 of the Paperwork Reduction Act
of 1995. Participation in this activity is voluntary. We estimated that it would take
approximately 10 - 30 minutes to complete. If you would like to comment on our time estimate,
12
please send your comments to: SSA, 6401 Security
Blvd., Baltimore, MD 21235-6401.


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