U.S. Individual Income Tax Return

Department of the Treasury
Internal Revenue Service

2011 Instructions for Schedule D (and Form
8949)
These instructions explain how to complete Form 8949 and Schedule D (Form 1040). Form
8949 is new. Many transactions that, in previous years, would have been reported on SchedCapital Gains
ule D or D-1 must be reported on Form 8949 if they occur in 2011. Complete Form 8949
before you complete line 1, 2, 3, 8, 9, or 10 of Schedule D.
and Losses
Use Form 8949 to report:
• The sale or exchange of a capital asset (defined below) not reported on another form or
schedule,
• Gains from involuntary conversions (other than from casualty or theft) of capital assets
not held for business or profit, and
• Nonbusiness bad debts.
Use Schedule D:
• To figure the overall gain or loss from transactions reported on Form 8949,
• To report a gain from Form 2439 or 6252 or Part I of Form 4797,
• To report a gain or loss from Form 4684, 6781, or 8824,
• To report a gain or loss from a partnership, S corporation, estate or trust,
• To report capital gain distributions not reported directly on Form 1040, line 13 (or
effectively connected capital gain distributions not reported directly on Form 1040NR, line
14), and
• To report a capital loss carryover from 2010 to 2011.

Additional information. See Pub. 544 and Pub. 550 for more details. For a comprehensive

filled-in example of both Form 8949 and Schedule D, see Pub. 550.
Section references are to the Internal
Revenue Code unless otherwise noted.

column (b) of Form 8949 and report an
adjustment to your gain or loss in column
(g). See the instructions for Form 8949,
columns (b) and (g).

What’s New

Short sales. Some instructions for report-

The IRS has created a page on IRS.gov for
information about Form 8949 and Schedule
D at www.irs.gov/form8949. Information
about any tax law changes or other new
developments affecting Schedule D or
Form 8949 will be posted on that page.

Schedule D-1. For 2011 transactions,

ing short sales have changed. See the instructions for Form 8949, columns (c) and
(d).
Schedule D-1 is no longer in use. Form
8949 replaces it.

Form 8949. Form 8949 is new. Many

transactions that, in previous years, would
have been reported on Schedule D or D-1
must be reported on Form 8949 if they occur in 2011. Complete all necessary pages
of Form 8949 before completing line 1, 2,
3, 8, 9, or 10 of Schedule D. Instructions for
how to complete Form 8949 are included in
these instructions.
Basis on Form 1099-B. If you sold a cov-

ered security in 2011, your broker will send
you a Form 1099-B (or substitute statement) that shows your basis. This will help
you complete Form 8949. Generally, a covered security is a security you acquired after 2010, with certain exceptions explained
in the instructions for Form 8949, column
(f).
Adjustments to gain or loss on Form 8949.

In certain situations, you must put a code in

General Instructions
Other Forms You May Have
To File
Use Form 4797 to report the following.
1. The sale or exchange of:
a. Property used in a trade or business;
b. Depreciable and amortizable property;
c. Oil, gas, geothermal, or other mineral
property; and
d. Section 126 property.
2. The involuntary conversion (other
than from casualty or theft) of property
used in a trade or business and capital assets held for business or profit.

D-1
Dec 16, 2011

Cat. No. 24331I

3. The disposition of noncapital assets
other than inventory or property held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary
course of your trade or business.
4. Ordinary loss on the sale, exchange,
or worthlessness of small business investment company (section 1242) stock.
5. Ordinary loss on the sale, exchange,
or worthlessness of small business (section
1244) stock.
6. Ordinary gain or loss on securities
held in connection with your trading business, if you previously made a
mark-to-market election. See Traders in
Securities, later.
Use Form 4684 to report involuntary
conversions of property due to casualty or
theft.
Use Form 6781 to report gains and
losses from section 1256 contracts and
straddles.
Use Form 8824 to report like-kind exchanges. A like-kind exchange occurs
when you exchange business or investment
property for property of a like kind.

Capital Asset
Most property you own and use for personal purposes, pleasure, or investment is a
capital asset. For example, your house, furniture, car, stocks, and bonds are capital

assets. A capital asset is any property held
by you except the following.
• Stock in trade or other property included in inventory or held mainly for sale
to customers. But see the Tip about certain
musical compositions or copyrights, later.
• Accounts or notes receivable for services performed in the ordinary course of
your trade or business or as an employee, or
from the sale of stock in trade or other
property held mainly for sale to customers.
• Depreciable property used in your
trade or business, even if it is fully depreciated.
• Real estate used in your trade or business.
• Copyrights, literary, musical, or artistic compositions, letters or memoranda, or
similar property (a) created by your personal efforts; (b) prepared or produced for
you (in the case of letters, memoranda, or
similar property); or (c) that you received
from someone who created them or for
whom they were created, as mentioned in
(a) or (b), in a way (such as by gift) that
entitled you to the basis of the previous
owner. But see the Tip about certain musical compositions or copyrights, later.
• U.S. Government publications, including the Congressional Record, that you
received from the Government, other than
by purchase at the normal sales price, or
that you got from someone who had received it in a similar way, if your basis is
determined by reference to the previous
owner’s basis.
• Certain commodities derivative financial instruments held by a dealer and not
connected to the dealer’s activities as a
dealer. See section 1221(a)(6).
• Certain hedging transactions entered
into in the normal course of your trade or
business. See section 1221(a)(7).
• Supplies regularly used in your trade
or business.

TIP
details.

You can elect to treat as capital
assets certain musical compositions or copyrights you sold or
exchanged. See Pub. 550 for

Basis and Recordkeeping
Basis is the amount of your investment in
property for tax purposes. The basis of
property you buy is usually its cost. You
need to know your basis to figure any gain
or loss on the sale or other disposition of
the property. You must keep accurate records that show the basis and, if applicable,
adjusted basis of your property. Your records should show the purchase price, including commissions; increases to basis,
such as the cost of improvements; and decreases to basis, such as depreciation, nondividend distributions on stock, and stock
splits.

For more information on basis, see the
instructions for Form 8949, column (f),
later, and these publications.
• Pub. 551, Basis of Assets.
• Pub. 550, Investment Income and
Expenses (Including Capital Gains and
Losses).
If you lost or did not keep records to
determine your basis in securities, contact
your broker for help.
The IRS partners with companies that offer Form 8949
software that can import trades
from many brokerage firms and
accounting software to help you keep track
of your adjusted basis in securities. To find
out more, go to www.irs.gov/efile.

Short Term or Long Term
Separate your capital gains and losses according to how long you held or owned the
property. The holding period for short-term
capital gains and losses is 1 year or less.
The holding period for long-term capital
gains and losses is more than 1 year. To
figure the holding period, begin counting
on the day after you received the property
and include the day you disposed of it.
If you disposed of property that you acquired by inheritance from someone who
died before or after 2010, report the disposition as a long-term gain or loss, regardless
of how long you held the property. Also
report the disposition as a long-term gain or
loss if you acquired the property from
someone who died in 2010 and the executor of the decedent’s estate did not elect to
file Form 8939, Allocation of Increase in
Basis for Property Acquired From a Decedent. If you acquired the property from
someone who died in 2010 and the executor made the election to file Form 8939, see
Pub. 4895.
A nonbusiness bad debt must be treated
as a short-term capital loss. See Pub. 550
for what qualifies as a nonbusiness bad
debt and how to enter it on Form 8949.

Capital Gain Distributions
These distributions are paid by a mutual
fund (or other regulated investment company) or real estate investment trust from
its net realized long-term capital gains. Distributions of net realized short-term capital
gains are not treated as capital gains. Instead, they are included on Form 1099-DIV
as ordinary dividends.
Enter on Schedule D, line 13, the total
capital gain distributions paid to you during
the year, regardless of how long you held
your investment. This amount is shown in
box 2a of Form 1099-DIV.
If there is an amount in box 2b, include
that amount on line 11 of the Unrecaptured
Section 1250 Gain Worksheet in these instructions if you complete line 19 of Schedule D.

D-2

If there is an amount in box 2c, see
Exclusion of Gain on Qualified Small Business (QSB) Stock, later.
If there is an amount in box 2d, include
that amount on line 4 of the 28% Rate Gain
Worksheet in these instructions if you complete line 18 of Schedule D.
If you received capital gain distributions
as a nominee (that is, they were paid to you
but actually belong to someone else), report
on Schedule D, line 13, only the amount
that belongs to you. Attach a statement
showing the full amount you received and
the amount you received as a nominee. See
the Instructions for Schedule B to learn
about the requirement for you to file Forms
1099-DIV and 1096.

Sale of Your Home
Report the sale or exchange of your main
home on Form 8949 if:
• You cannot exclude all of your gain
from income, or
• You received a Form 1099-S for the
sale or exchange.
Any gain you cannot exclude is taxable.
Generally, if you meet the two following
tests, you can exclude up to $250,000 of
gain. If both you and your spouse meet
these tests and you file a joint return, you
can exclude up to $500,000 of gain (but
only one spouse needs to meet the ownership requirement in Test 1).
Test 1. During the 5-year period ending on

the date you sold or exchanged your home,
you owned it for 2 years or more (the ownership requirement) and lived in it as your
main home for 2 years or more (the use
requirement).
Test 2. You have not excluded gain on the

sale or exchange of another main home
during the 2-year period ending on the date
of the sale or exchange of your home.
Even if you do not meet one or both of
the above two tests, you still can claim an
exclusion if you sold or exchanged the
home because of a change in place of employment, health, or certain unforeseen circumstances. In this case, the maximum
amount of gain you can exclude is reduced.
If your spouse died before the sale or
exchange, you can exclude up to $500,000
of gain if:
• The sale or exchange is no later than 2
years after your spouse’s death,
• Just before your spouse’s death, both
spouses met the use requirement of Test 1,
at least one spouse met the ownership requirement of Test 1, and both spouses met
Test 2, and
• You did not remarry before the sale or
exchange.
You can choose to have the 5-year test
period for ownership and use in Test 1 suspended during any period you or your
spouse serve outside the United States as a
Peace Corps volunteer or serve on qualified
official extended duty as a member of the

uniformed services or Foreign Service of
the United States, as an employee of the
intelligence community, or outside the
United States as an employee of the Peace
Corps. This means you may be able to meet
Test 1 even if, because of your service, you
did not actually use the home as your main
home for at least the required 2 years during the 5-year period ending on the date of
sale.
You cannot exclude any gain if:
• You acquired your home in a
like-kind exchange in which all or part of
the gain was not recognized, and
• You sold or exchanged the home during the 5-year period beginning on the date
you acquired it.
If you have to report the sale or exchange, report it on Form 8949. If the gain
or loss is short-term, report it on line 1. If
the gain or loss is long-term, report it on
line 3. Check box C at the top of this Form
8949.
If you had a gain and can exclude part or
all of it, enter “H” in column (b). Enter the
amount of the exclusion as a negative number (in parentheses) in column (g). See the
instructions for Form 8949, columns (b)
and (g), later. Complete all columns.
See Pub. 523 for additional details, including how to figure and report any taxable gain if:
• You (or your spouse if married) used
any part of the home for business or rental
purposes after May 6, 1997, or
• There was a period of time after 2008
when the home was not your main home.

umn (e), enter the excess of the total gain
over the recapture amount. Leave columns
(f) and (g) blank. Be sure to check box C at
the top of this Form 8949.

Partnership Interests

Do not deduct a loss from the direct or
indirect sale or exchange of property between any of the following.
• Members of a family.
• A corporation and an individual owning more than 50% of the corporation’s
stock (unless the loss is from a distribution
in complete liquidation of a corporation).
• A grantor and a fiduciary of a trust.
• A fiduciary and a beneficiary of the
same trust.
• A fiduciary and a beneficiary of another trust created by the same grantor.
• An executor of an estate and a beneficiary of that estate, unless the sale or exchange was to satisfy a pecuniary bequest
(that is, a bequest of a sum of money).
• An individual and a tax-exempt organization controlled by the individual or
the individual’s family.

A sale or other disposition of an interest in
a partnership may result in ordinary income, collectibles gain (28% rate gain), or
unrecaptured section 1250 gain. For details
on 28% rate gain, see the instructions for
line 18 of Schedule D. For details on unrecaptured section 1250 gain, see the instructions for line 19 of Schedule D.

Capital Assets Held for
Personal Use
Generally, gain from the sale or exchange
of a capital asset held for personal use is a
capital gain. Report it on Form 8949, Part I
or Part II, with box C checked. However, if
you converted depreciable property to personal use, all or part of the gain on the sale
or exchange of that property may have to be
recaptured as ordinary income. Use Part III
of Form 4797 to figure the amount of ordinary income recapture. The recapture
amount is included on line 31 (and line 13)
of Form 4797. Do not enter any gain from
this property on line 32 of Form 4797. If
you are not completing Part III for any
other properties, enter “N/A” on line 32. If
the total gain is more than the recapture
amount, enter “From Form 4797” in column (a) of line 1 or line 3 of Form 8949,
and skip columns (b) through (d). In col-

Loss from the sale or exchange of a capital asset held for personal use is not deductible. But if you had a loss from the sale
or exchange of real estate held for personal
use for which you received a Form 1099-S,
you must report the transaction on Form
8949 even though the loss is not deductible.
For example, you have a loss on the sale of
a vacation home that is not your main home
and you received a Form 1099-S for the
transaction. Report the transaction on line 1
or line 3 of Form 8949, depending on how
long you owned the home. Complete all
columns. Because the loss is not deductible, enter “L” in column (b). Enter the difference between column (e) and column (f)
as a positive amount in column (g). For
example, if you entered $5,000 in column
(e) and $6,000 in column (f), enter $1,000
in column (g). Be sure to check box C at the
top of this Form 8949.

Capital Losses
You can deduct capital losses up to the
amount of your capital gains plus $3,000
($1,500 if married filing separately). You
may be able to use capital losses that exceed this limit in future years. For details,
see the instructions for line 21 of Schedule
D. Be sure to report all of your capital gains
and losses even if you cannot use all of
your losses in 2011.

Nondeductible Losses

Report a transaction that results in a
nondeductible loss on line 1 or line 3 of
Form 8949, depending on how long you
held the property. Unless you received a
Form 1099-B for the sale or exchange,
check box C at the top of this Form 8949.
Complete all columns. Because the loss is
not deductible, enter “L” in column (b).
Enter the amount of the nondeductible loss
as a positive number in column (g). See the

D-3

instructions for Form 8949, columns (b)
and (g), later.
See Pub. 544 for more details on sales
and exchanges between related parties.
Example. You sold land you held as an
investment for 5 years to your brother for
$10,000. Your basis was $15,000. On Form
8949, check box C at the top. Enter $10,000
on Form 8949, line 3, column (e). Enter
$15,000 in column (f). Because the loss is
not deductible, enter “L” in column (b) and
$5,000 (the difference between $10,000
and $15,000) in column (g). If this is your
only transaction on this Form 8949, enter
$10,000 on Schedule D, line 10, column
(e). Enter $15,000 in column (f) and $5,000
in column (g). In column (h), enter -0($15,000 − $10,000 − $5,000).
At-risk rules. If you disposed of (a) an as-

set used in an activity to which the at-risk
rules apply or (b) any part of your interest
in an activity to which the at-risk rules apply, and you have amounts in the activity
for which you are not at risk, see the Instructions for Form 6198.

Passive activity rules. If the loss is allowa-

ble under the at-risk rules, it then may be
subject to the passive activity rules. See
Form 8582 and its instructions for details
on reporting capital gains and losses from a
passive activity.

Items for Special Treatment
• Transactions by a securities dealer.

See section 1236.
• Bonds and other debt instruments.
See Pub. 550.
• Certain real estate subdivided for sale
that may be considered a capital asset. See
section 1237.
• Gain on the sale of depreciable property to a more than 50% owned entity or to
a trust of which you are a beneficiary. See
Pub. 544.
• Gain on the disposition of stock in an
interest charge domestic international sales
corporation. See section 995(c).
• Gain on the sale or exchange of stock
in certain foreign corporations. See section
1248.
• Transfer of property to a partnership
that would be treated as an investment
company if it were incorporated. See Pub.
541.
• Sales of stock received under a qualified public utility dividend reinvestment
plan. See Pub. 550.
• Transfer of appreciated property to a
political organization. See section 84.
• Transfer of property by a U.S. person
to a foreign estate or trust. See section 684.
• If you give up your U.S. citizenship
after June 16, 2008, you may be treated as
having sold all your property for its fair
market value on the day before you gave up
your citizenship. This also applies to
long-term U.S. residents who cease to be

lawful permanent residents after June 16,
2008. For details, exceptions, and rules for
reporting these deemed sales, see Pub. 519
and Form 8854.
• In general, no gain or loss is recognized on the transfer of property from an
individual to a spouse or a former spouse if
the transfer is incident to a divorce. See
Pub. 504.
• Amounts received on the retirement
of a debt instrument generally are treated as
received in exchange for the debt instrument. See Pub. 550.
• Any loss on the disposition of converted wetland or highly erodible cropland
that is first used for farming after March 1,
1986, is reported as a long-term capital loss
on Form 8949, but any gain is reported as
ordinary income on Form 4797.
• If qualified dividends that you reported on Form 1040, line 9b, or Form
1040NR, line 10b, include extraordinary
dividends, any loss on the sale or exchange
of the stock is a long-term capital loss to the
extent of the extraordinary dividends. An
extraordinary dividend is a dividend that
equals or exceeds 10% (5% in the case of
preferred stock) of your basis in the stock.
• Amounts received by shareholders in
corporate liquidations. See Pub. 550.
• Cash received in lieu of fractional
shares of stock as a result of a stock split or
stock dividend. See Pub. 550.
• Load charges to acquire stock in a regulated investment company (including a
mutual fund), which may not be taken into
account in determining gain or loss on certain dispositions of the stock if reinvestment rights were exercised. See Pub. 550.
• The sale or exchange of S corporation
stock or an interest in a trust held for more
than 1 year, which may result in collectibles gain (28% rate gain). See the instructions for line 18 of Schedule D.
• Gain or loss on the disposition of securities futures contracts. See Pub. 550.
• Gain on the constructive sale of certain appreciated financial positions. See
Pub. 550.
• Certain constructive ownership transactions. Gain in excess of the gain you
would have recognized if you had held a
financial asset directly during the term of a
derivative contract must be treated as ordinary income. See section 1260. If any portion of the constructive ownership
transaction was open in any prior year, you
may have to pay interest. See section
1260(b) for details, including how to figure
the interest. Include the interest as an additional tax on Form 1040, line 60 (or Form
1040NR, line 59). Write “Section 1260(b)
interest” and the amount of the interest to
the left of line 60 (or Form 1040NR, line
59). This interest is not deductible.
• Gain or loss from the disposition of
stock or other securities in an investment
club. See Pub. 550.

Wash Sales
A wash sale occurs when you sell or otherwise dispose of stock or securities (including a contract or option to acquire or sell
stock or securities) at a loss and, within 30
days before or after the sale or disposition,
you:
1. Buy substantially identical stock or
securities,
2. Acquire substantially identical stock
or securities in a fully taxable trade,
3. Enter into a contract or option to acquire substantially identical stock or securities, or
4. Acquire substantially identical stock
or securities for your individual retirement
arrangement (IRA) or Roth IRA.
You cannot deduct losses from wash
sales unless the loss was incurred in the
ordinary course of your business as a dealer
in stock or securities. The basis of the substantially identical property (or contract or
option to acquire such property) is its cost
increased by the disallowed loss (except in
the case of (4) above).
If you received a Form 1099-B (or substitute statement), box 5 of that form will
show any nondeductible wash sale loss if:
• The stock or securities sold were covered securities (defined in the instructions
for Form 8949, column (f), later), and
• The substantially identical stock or securities you bought had the same CUSIP
number as the stock or securities you sold
and were bought in the same account as the
stock or securities you sold.
However, you cannot deduct a loss from a
wash sale even if it is not reported on Form
1099-B (or substitute statement). For more
details on wash sales, see Pub. 550.
Report a wash sale transaction on line 1
or line 3 of Form 8949 with the appropriate
box checked. Complete all columns. Enter
‘‘W’’ in column (b). Enter as a positive
number in column (g) the amount of the
loss not allowed. See the instructions for
Form 8949, columns (b) and (g), later.

Traders in Securities
You are a trader in securities if you are
engaged in the business of buying and selling securities for your own account. To be
engaged in business as a trader in securities, all of the following statements must be
true.
• You must seek to profit from daily
market movements in the prices of securities and not from dividends, interest, or
capital appreciation.
• Your activity must be substantial.
• You must carry on the activity with
continuity and regularity.
The following facts and circumstances
should be considered in determining if your
activity is a business.

D-4

• Typical holding periods for securities
bought and sold.
• The frequency and dollar amount of
your trades during the year.
• The extent to which you pursue the
activity to produce income for a livelihood.
• The amount of time you devote to the
activity.
You are considered an investor, and not
a trader, if your activity does not meet the
above definition of a business. It does not
matter whether you call yourself a trader or
a “day trader.”
Like an investor, a trader must report
each sale of securities (taking into account
commissions and any other costs of acquiring or disposing of the securities) on Form
8949 or on an attached statement containing all the same information for each sale in
a similar format. However, if a trader previously made the mark-to-market election
(see below), each transaction is reported in
Part II of Form 4797 instead of on Form
8949. Regardless of whether a trader reports his or her gains and losses on Form
8949 or Form 4797, the gain or loss from
the disposition of securities is not taken
into account when figuring net earnings
from self-employment on Schedule SE. See
the Instructions for Schedule SE for an exception that applies to section 1256 contracts.
The limitation on investment interest
expense that applies to investors does not
apply to interest paid or incurred in a trading business. A trader reports interest expense and other expenses (excluding
commissions and other costs of acquiring
or disposing of securities) from a trading
business on Schedule C (instead of Schedule A).
A trader also may hold securities for
investment. The rules for investors generally will apply to those securities. Allocate
interest and other expenses between your
trading business and your investment securities.

Mark-To-Market Election for
Traders
A trader may make an election under section 475(f) to report all gains and losses
from securities held in connection with a
trading business as ordinary income (or
loss), including those from securities held
at the end of the year. Securities held at the
end of the year are “marked to market” by
treating them as if they were sold (and reacquired) for fair market value on the last
business day of the year. Generally, the
election must be made by the due date (not
including extensions) of the tax return for
the year prior to the year for which the
election becomes effective. To be effective
for 2011, the election must have been made
by April 18, 2011.
Starting with the year the election becomes effective, a trader reports all gains
and losses from securities held in connec-

tion with the trading business, including
securities held at the end of the year, in Part
II of Form 4797. If you previously made
the election, see the Instructions for Form
4797. For details on making the
mark-to-market election for 2012, see Pub.
550 or Rev. Proc. 99-17, 1999-1 C.B. 503.
You can find Rev. Proc. 99-17 starting on
the bottom of page 52 of Internal Revenue
Bulletin 1999-7 at www.irs.gov/pub/
irs-irbs/irb99-07.pdf.
If you hold securities for investment,
you must identify them as such in your
records on the day you acquired them (for
example, by holding the securities in a separate brokerage account). Securities held
for investment are not marked-to-market.

Short Sales
A short sale is a contract to sell property
you borrowed for delivery to a buyer. At a
later date, you either buy substantially
identical property and deliver it to the
lender or deliver property that you held but
did not want to transfer at the time of the
sale.
Example. You think the value of XYZ
stock will drop. You borrow 10 shares from
your broker and sell them for $100. This is
a short sale. You later buy 10 shares for $80
and deliver them to your broker to close the
short sale. Your gain is $20 ($100 − $80).
Holding period. Usually, your holding pe-

riod is the amount of time you actually held
the property eventually delivered to the
lender to close the short sale. However,
your gain when closing a short sale is short
term if you (a) held substantially identical
property for 1 year or less on the date of the
short sale, or (b) acquired property substantially identical to the property sold short
after the short sale but on or before the date
you close the short sale. If you held substantially identical property for more than 1
year on the date of a short sale, any loss
realized on the short sale is a long-term
capital loss, even if the property used to
close the short sale was held 1 year or less.
Reporting a short sale. Report any short

sale on Form 8949 in the year it closes.
If a short sale closed in 2011 but you did
not get a 2011 Form 1099-B (or substitute
statement) for it because you entered into it
before 2011, report it on a Form 8949 with
box C checked. In column (a), enter (for
example) “100 sh. XYZ Co. – 2010 short
sale closed.”

Gain or Loss From Options
Report on Form 8949 gain or loss from the
closing or expiration of an option that is not
a section 1256 contract but is a capital asset
in your hands. If an option you purchased
expired, enter the expiration date in column
(d) and enter “EXPIRED” in column (e). If
an option that was granted (written) expired, enter the expiration date in column
(c) and enter “EXPIRED” in column (f).
Fill in the other columns as appropriate.
See Pub. 550 for details.

If a call option you sold was exercised
and the option premium you received was
not reflected in the sales price shown on the
Form 1099-B (or substitute statement) you
received, enter the premium as a positive
number in column (g) of Form 8949. Enter
“O” in column (b).
Example. For $10, you sold Joe an option to buy one share of XYZ stock for $80.
Joe later exercised the option. Enter $80 in
column (e) of Form 8949. Enter “O” in
column (b) and $10 in column (g). Complete the other columns according to the
instructions.

Undistributed Capital Gains
Include on Schedule D, line 11, the amount
from box 1a of Form 2439. This represents
your share of the undistributed long-term
capital gains of the regulated investment
company (including a mutual fund) or real
estate investment trust.
If there is an amount in box 1b, include
that amount on line 11 of the Unrecaptured
Section 1250 Gain Worksheet if you complete line 19 of Schedule D.
If there is an amount in box 1c, see
Exclusion of Gain on Qualified Small Business (QSB) Stock, later.
If there is an amount in box 1d, include
that amount on line 4 of the 28% Rate Gain
Worksheet if you complete line 18 of
Schedule D.
Include on Form 1040, line 71, or Form
1040NR, line 67, the tax paid as shown in
box 2 of Form 2439. Also check the box for
Form 2439. Add to the basis of your stock
the excess of the amount included in income over the amount of the credit for the
tax paid. See Pub. 550 for details.

Installment Sales
If you sold property (other than publicly
traded stocks or securities) at a gain and
you will receive a payment in a tax year
after the year of sale, you generally must
report the sale on the installment method
unless you elect not to. Use Form 6252 to
report the sale on the installment method.
Also use Form 6252 to report any payment
received in 2011 from a sale made in an
earlier year that you reported on the installment method.
To elect out of the installment method,
report the full amount of the gain on Form
8949 on a timely filed return (including
extensions) for the year of the sale. If your
original return was filed on time, you can
make the election on an amended return
filed no later than 6 months after the due
date of your return (excluding extensions).
Write “Filed pursuant to section
301.9100-2” at the top of the amended return.

Demutualization of Life
Insurance Companies
Demutualization of a life insurance company occurs when a mutual life insurance

D-5

company changes to a stock company. If
you were a policyholder or annuitant of the
mutual company, you may have received
either stock in the stock company or cash in
exchange for your equity interest in the mutual company. The basis of your equity interest in the mutual company is considered
to be zero.
If the demutualization transaction qualifies as a tax-free reorganization, no gain is
recognized on the exchange of your equity
interest in the mutual company for stock.
The company can advise you if the transaction is a tax-free reorganization. Because
the basis of your equity interest in the mutual company is considered to be zero, your
basis in the stock received is zero. Your
holding period for the new stock includes
the period you held an equity interest in the
mutual company. If you received cash in
exchange for your equity interest, you must
recognize a capital gain in an amount equal
to the cash received. If you held the equity
interest for more than 1 year, report the
gain as a long-term capital gain on line 3 of
Form 8949. If you held the equity interest
for 1 year or less, report the gain as a
short-term capital gain on line 1 of Form
8949. Be sure the appropriate box is
checked at the top of Form 8949.
If the demutualization transaction does
not qualify as a tax-free reorganization, you
must recognize a capital gain in an amount
equal to the cash and fair market value of
the stock received. If you held the equity
interest for more than 1 year, report the
gain as a long-term capital gain on line 3 of
Form 8949. If you held the equity interest
for 1 year or less, report the gain as a
short-term capital gain on line 1 of Form
8949. Be sure the appropriate box is
checked at the top of Form 8949. Your
holding period for the new stock begins on
the day after you received the stock.

Exclusion of Gain on
Qualified Small Business
(QSB) Stock
Section 1202 allows for an exclusion of up
to 50% of the eligible gain on the sale or
exchange of QSB stock. The section 1202
exclusion applies only to QSB stock held
for more than 5 years. The exclusion can be
up to 60% for certain empowerment zone
business stock. See Empowerment Zone
Business Stock, later.
To be QSB stock, the stock must meet
all of the following tests.
1. It must be stock in a C corporation
(that is, not S corporation stock).
2. It must have been originally issued
after August 10, 1993.
3. As of the date the stock was issued,
the corporation was a domestic C corporation with total gross assets of $50 million or
less (a) at all times after August 9, 1993,
and before the stock was issued, and (b)
immediately after the stock was issued.
Gross assets include those of any predeces-

sor of the corporation. All corporations that
are members of the same parent-subsidiary
controlled group are treated as one corporation.
4. You must have acquired the stock at
its original issue (either directly or through
an underwriter), either in exchange for
money or other property or as pay for services (other than as an underwriter) to the
corporation. In certain cases, you may meet
this test if you acquired the stock from another person who met the test (such as by
gift or inheritance) or through a conversion
or exchange of QSB stock you held.
5. During substantially all the time you
held the stock:
a. The corporation was a C corporation,
b. At least 80% of the value of the
corporation’s assets were used in the active
conduct of one or more qualified businesses (defined below), and
c. The corporation was not a foreign
corporation, DISC, former DISC, regulated
investment company, real estate investment trust, REMIC, FASIT, cooperative, or
a corporation that has made (or that has a
subsidiary that has made) a section 936
election.

TIP

SSBIC. A specialized small
business investment company
(SSBIC) is treated as having
met test 5b.

Definition of qualified business. A quali-

fied business is any business that is not one
of the following.
• A business involving services performed in the fields of health, law, engineering, architecture, accounting, actuarial
science, performing arts, consulting, athletics, financial services, or brokerage services.
• A business whose principal asset is
the reputation or skill of one or more employees.
• A banking, insurance, financing, leasing, investing, or similar business.
• A farming business (including the
raising or harvesting of trees).
• A business involving the production
of products for which percentage depletion
can be claimed.
• A business of operating a hotel, motel,
restaurant, or similar business.
For more details about limits and additional requirements that may apply, see
Pub. 550 or section 1202.

Empowerment Zone Business
Stock
You generally can exclude up to 60% of
your gain if you meet the following additional requirements.
1. The stock you sold or exchanged was
stock in a corporation that qualified as an
empowerment zone business during substantially all of the time you held the stock.

2. You acquired the stock after December 21, 2000.
Requirement 1 will still be met if the
corporation ceased to qualify after the
5-year period that began on the date you
acquired the stock. However, the gain that
qualifies for the 60% exclusion cannot be
more than the gain you would have had if
you had sold the stock on the date the corporation ceased to qualify.
For more information about empowerment zone businesses, see section 1397C.

Pass-Through Entities
If you held an interest in a pass-through
entity (a partnership, S corporation, or mutual fund or other regulated investment
company) that sold QSB stock, to qualify
for the exclusion you must have held the
interest on the date the pass-through entity
acquired the QSB stock and at all times
thereafter until the stock was sold.

How To Report
Report the sale or exchange of the QSB
stock on Form 8949, Part II, with the appropriate box checked, as you would if you
were not taking the exclusion. Then enter
“S” in column (b) and enter the amount of
the excluded gain as a negative number in
column (g). Put it in parentheses to show it
is negative. See the instructions for Form
8949, columns (b) and (g). Complete all
remaining columns. If you are completing
line 18 of Schedule D, enter as a positive
number the amount of your allowable exclusion on line 2 of the 28% Rate Gain
Worksheet; if you excluded 60% of the
gain, enter 2⁄3 of the exclusion.
Gain from Form 1099-DIV. If you re-

ceived a Form 1099-DIV with a gain in box
2c, part or all of that gain (which is also
included in box 2a) may be eligible for the
section 1202 exclusion. In column (a) of
Form 8949, line 3, enter the name of the
corporation whose stock was sold. In column (b), enter “S” and in column (g) enter
the amount of the excluded gain as a negative number. See the instructions for Form
8949, columns (b) and (g), later. If you are
completing line 18 of Schedule D, enter as
a positive number the amount of your allowable exclusion on line 2 of the 28%
Rate Gain Worksheet; if you excluded 60%
of the gain, enter 2⁄3 of the exclusion.
Gain from Form 2439. If you received a

Form 2439 with a gain in box 1c, part or all
of that gain (which is also included in box
1a) may be eligible for the section 1202
exclusion. In column (a) of Form 8949, line
3, enter the name of the corporation whose
stock was sold. In column (b), enter “S”
and in column (g) enter the amount of the
excluded gain as a negative number. See
the instructions for Form 8949, columns (b)
and (g), later. If you are completing line 18
of Schedule D, enter as a positive number
the amount of your allowable exclusion on
line 2 of the 28% Rate Gain Worksheet; if

D-6

you excluded 60% of the gain, enter 2⁄3 of
the exclusion.
Gain from an installment sale of QSB
stock. If all payments are not received in

the year of sale, a sale of QSB stock that is
not traded on an established securities market generally is treated as an installment
sale and is reported on Form 6252. Figure
the allowable section 1202 exclusion for
the year by multiplying the total amount of
the exclusion by a fraction, the numerator
of which is the amount of eligible gain to be
recognized for the tax year and the denominator of which is the total amount of eligible gain. In column (a) of Form 8949, line
3, enter the name of the corporation whose
stock was sold. In column (b), enter “S”
and in column (g) enter the amount of the
allowable exclusion for the year as a negative number. See the instructions for Form
8949, columns (b) and (g), later. If you are
completing line 18 of Schedule D, enter as
a positive number the amount of your allowable exclusion for the year on line 2 of
the 28% Rate Gain Worksheet; if you excluded 60% of the gain, enter 2⁄3 of the
allowable exclusion for the year.
Alternative minimum tax. You must enter

7% of your allowable exclusion for the year
on line 13 of Form 6251.

Rollover of Gain From QSB
Stock
If you sold QSB stock (defined earlier) that
you held for more than 6 months, you can
elect to postpone gain if you buy other QSB
stock during the 60-day period that began
on the date of the sale. A pass-through entity also can make the election to postpone
gain. The benefit of the postponed gain applies to your share of the entity’s postponed
gain if you held an interest in the entity for
the entire period the entity held the QSB
stock. If a pass-through entity sold QSB
stock held for more than 6 months and you
held an interest in the entity for the entire
period the entity held the stock, you also
can elect to postpone gain if you, rather
than the pass-through entity, buy the replacement QSB stock within the 60-day period. If you were a partner in a partnership
that sold or bought QSB stock, see box 11
of the Schedule K-1 (Form 1065) sent to
you by the partnership and Regulations section 1.1045-1.
You must recognize gain to the extent
the sale proceeds are more than the cost of
the replacement stock. Reduce the basis of
the replacement stock by any postponed
gain.
You must make the election no later
than the due date (including extensions) for
filing your tax return for the tax year in
which the QSB stock was sold. If your original return was filed on time, you can make
the election on an amended return filed no
later than 6 months after the due date of
your return (excluding extensions). Write
“Filed pursuant to section 301.9100-2” at
the top of the amended return.

To make the election, report the sale on
line 1 or line 3 of Form 8949 as you would
if you were not making the election. Then
enter “R” in column (b). Enter the amount
of the postponed gain as a negative number
in column (g). Put it in parentheses to show
it is negative. See the instructions for Form
8949, columns (b) and (g), later. Complete
all remaining columns.

Rollover of Gain From
Empowerment Zone Assets
If you sold a qualified empowerment zone
asset that you held for more than 1 year,
you may be able to elect to postpone part or
all of the gain that you would otherwise
include in income. If you make the election, the gain on the sale generally is recognized only to the extent, if any, that the
amount realized on the sale is more than the
cost of qualified empowerment zone assets
(replacement property) you purchased during the 60-day period beginning on the date
of the sale. The following rules apply.
• No portion of the cost of the replacement property may be taken into account to
the extent the cost is taken into account to
exclude gain on a different empowerment
zone asset.
• The replacement property must qualify as an empowerment zone asset with respect to the same empowerment zone as the
asset sold.
• You must reduce the basis of the replacement property by the amount of postponed gain.
• This election does not apply to any
gain (a) treated as ordinary income or (b)
attributable to real property, or an intangible asset, that is not an integral part of an
enterprise zone business.
• The District of Columbia enterprise
zone is not treated as an empowerment
zone for this purpose.
• The election is irrevocable without
IRS consent.
See section 1397C for the definition of
empowerment zone and enterprise zone
business. You can find out if your business
is located within an empowerment zone by
using the RC/EZ/EC Address Locator at
www.hud.gov/crlocator.
Qualified empowerment zone assets
are:
1. Tangible property, if:
a. You acquired the property after December 21, 2000,
b. The original use of the property in the
empowerment zone began with you, and
c. Substantially all of the use of the
property, during substantially all of the
time that you held it, was in your enterprise
zone business; and
2. Stock in a domestic corporation or a
capital or profits interest in a domestic partnership, if:

a. You acquired the stock or partnership
interest after December 21, 2000, solely in
exchange for cash, from the corporation at
its original issue (directly or through an
underwriter) or from the partnership;
b. The business was an enterprise zone
business (or a new business being organized as an enterprise zone business) as of
the time you acquired the stock or partnership interest; and
c. The business qualified as an enterprise zone business during substantially all
of the time you held the stock or partnership interest.

8949, columns (b) and (g), later. Complete
all remaining columns.

See section 1397B for more details.

community asset is any of the following.
• Qualified community stock.
• Qualified community partnership interest.
• Qualified community business property.

How to report. Report the sale on Form

8949, line 3, as you would if you were not
making the election. Then enter “R” in column (b), and enter the amount of the postponed gain as a negative number in column
(g). Put it in parentheses to show it is negative. See the instructions for Form 8949,
columns (b) and (g), later. Complete all
remaining columns.

Exclusion of Gain From DC
Zone Assets
If you sold or exchanged a District of Columbia Enterprise Zone (DC Zone) asset
that you acquired after 1997 and held for
more than 5 years, you may be able to exclude the amount of qualified capital gain
that you would otherwise include in income. The exclusion applies to an interest
in, or property of, certain businesses operating in the District of Columbia.
DC Zone asset. A DC Zone asset is any of

the following.
• DC Zone business stock.
• DC Zone partnership interest.
• DC Zone business property.

Qualified capital
gain is any gain recognized on the sale or
exchange of a DC Zone asset that is a capital asset or property used in a trade or business. It does not include any of the
following gains.
• Gain treated as ordinary income under
section 1245.
• Section 1250 gain figured as if section
1250 applied to all depreciation rather than
the additional depreciation.
• Gain attributable to real property, or
an intangible asset, that is not an integral
part of a DC Zone business.
• Gain from a related-party transaction.
See Sales and Exchanges Between Related
Persons in chapter 2 of Pub. 544.
See section 1400B for more details.
Qualified capital gain.

How to report. Report the sale or ex-

change on Form 8949, line 3, as you would
if you were not taking the exclusion. Then
enter “X” in column (b). Enter the amount
of the exclusion as a negative number in
column (g). Put it in parentheses to show it
is negative. See the instructions for Form

D-7

Exclusion of Gain From
Qualified Community Assets
If you sold or exchanged a qualified community asset that you acquired after 2001
and before 2010 and held for more than 5
years, you may be able to exclude the qualified capital gain that you would otherwise
include in income. The exclusion applies to
an interest in, or property of, certain renewal community businesses.
Qualified community asset. A qualified

Qualified capital gain. Qualified capital

gain is any gain recognized on the sale or
exchange of a qualified community asset
but does not include any of the following.
• Gain treated as ordinary income under
section 1245.
• Section 1250 gain figured as if section
1250 applied to all depreciation rather than
the additional depreciation.
• Gain attributable to real property, or
an intangible asset, that is not an integral
part of a qualified community business.
• Gain from a related-party transaction.
See Sales and Exchanges Between Related
Persons in chapter 2 of Pub. 544.
See section 1400F for more details and
special rules.
How to report. Report the sale or ex-

change on Form 8949, Part II, with the
appropriate box checked, as you would if
you were not taking the exclusion. Then
enter “X” in column (b) and enter the
amount of the exclusion as a negative number in column (g). Put it in parentheses to
show it is negative. See the instructions for
Form 8949, columns (b) and (g), later.
Complete all remaining columns.

Rollover of Gain From
Publicly Traded Securities
You can postpone all or part of any gain
from the sale of publicly traded securities
by buying common stock or a partnership
interest in a specialized small business investment company during the 60-day period that began on the date of the sale. See
Pub. 550. Also see How To Complete Form
8949, Columns (b) and (g), later.

Rollover of Gain From Stock
Sold to ESOPs or Certain
Cooperatives
You can postpone all or part of any gain
from the sale of qualified securities, held
for at least 3 years, to an employee stock
ownership plan (ESOP) or eligible
worker-owned cooperative, if you buy

qualified replacement property. See Pub.
550. Also see How To Complete Form
8949, Columns (b) and (g), later.

Specific Instructions
Form 8949
Enter all sales and exchanges of capital assets, including stocks, bonds, etc., and real
estate (if not reported on Form 4684, 4797,
6252, 6781, or 8824). Include these transactions even if you did not receive a Form
1099-B or 1099-S (or substitute statement)
for the transaction. Report short-term gains
or losses on line 1. Report long-term gains
and losses on line 3.
Enter the details of each transaction on a
separate line of Form 8949 (unless the Exception to reporting each transaction on a
separate line described later applies to
you). Use as many Forms 8949 as you
need.
Use a separate Form 8949, Part I, for
each of the following types of transactions.
1. Short-term transactions reported to
you on Form 1099-B (or substitute statement) with an amount shown for cost or
other basis unless the statement indicates
that amount was not reported to the IRS.
Check box A at the top of this page of Form
8949. If your substitute statement shows
cost or other basis for the transaction but
indicates it was not reported to the IRS,
report that transaction on page 1 of a Form
8949 with box B, not box A, checked (see 2
below).
2. Short-term transactions reported to
you on Form 1099-B (or substitute statement) without an amount shown for cost or
other basis. Check box B at the top of this
page of Form 8949. If your substitute statement shows cost or other basis for the transaction but indicates it was not reported to
the IRS, report that transaction on page 1 of
a Form 8949 with box B, not box A,
checked.
3. Short-term transactions for which
you did not receive a Form 1099-B (or substitute statement). Check box C at the top of
page 1 of this Form 8949.
Use a separate Form 8949, Part II, for
each of the following types of transactions.
1. Long-term transactions reported to
you on Form 1099-B (or substitute statement) with an amount shown for cost or
other basis unless the statement indicates
that amount was not reported to the IRS.
Check box A at the top of this page of Form
8949. If your substitute statement shows
cost or other basis for the transaction but
indicates it was not reported to the IRS,
report that transaction on page 2 of a Form
8949 with box B, not box A, checked (see 2
below).
2. Long-term transactions reported to
you on Form 1099-B (or substitute statement) without an amount shown for cost or

other basis. Check box B at the top of this
page of Form 8949. If your substitute statement shows cost or other basis for the transaction but indicates it was not reported to
the IRS, report that transaction on page 2 of
a Form 8949 with box B, not box A,
checked.
3. Long-term transactions for which you
did not receive a Form 1099-B (or substitute statement). Check box C at the top of
page 2 of this Form 8949.
Include on each Form 8949 only transactions described in the text for the box you
check (A, B, or C). If you have more than
one type of transaction (A, B, or C), complete a separate Form 8949 for each. Check
only one box on each Form 8949. For example, if you check box A in Part I of one
Form 8949, include on that Form 8949 only
short-term gains and losses from transactions your broker reported to you on a Form
1099-B (or substitute statement) showing
that basis was reported to the IRS. If you
have other types of transactions, report
those on a separate Form 8949 and check
the box that applies.
Enter on Schedule D the combined
totals from all your Forms 8949. Form
8949 and Schedule D explain exactly how
to do this.
Exception to reporting each transaction on
a separate line. Instead of reporting each

of your transactions on a separate line of
Form 8949, you can report them on an attached statement containing all the same
information as Form 8949 and in a similar
format. Use as many attached statements as
you need. Enter the combined totals from
all your attached statements on a Form
8949 with the appropriate box checked. For
example, report on line 3 of a Form 8949
with box A checked all long-term gains and
losses from transactions your broker reported to you on a statement showing that
the basis of the property sold was reported
to the IRS. If you have statements from
more than one broker, report the totals from
each broker on a separate line.
Do not enter “available upon request”
and summary totals in lieu of reporting the
details of each transaction on Form(s) 8949
or attached statements.
E-file. If you e-file your return but choose

not to include your transactions on the electronic short-term capital gain (or loss) or
long-term capital gain (or loss) records,
you must attach Form 8949 (or a statement
with the same information) to Form 8453
and mail the forms to the IRS.
Charitable gift annuity. If you are the ben-

eficiary of a charitable gift annuity and receive a Form 1099-R showing an amount in
box 3, report the box 3 amount on line 3 of
a Form 8949 that has box C checked at the
top. Enter “Form 1099-R” in column (a).
Enter the box 3 amount in column (e).
Canadian registered retirement plan. If

you are the beneficiary or annuitant of a

D-8

Canadian registered retirement plan, enter
any amount from Form 8891, line 10d, on
line 1 or line 3 (whichever applies) of a
Form 8949 that has box C checked at the
top. Enter “Form 8891” in column (a).
Enter the line 10d amount in column (e).
Other gains or losses where sales price or
basis is not known. If you have another

gain or loss for which you do not know the
sales price or basis (such as a long-term
capital gain from Form 8621), enter a
description of the gain or loss in column (a)
of a Form 8949 that has box C checked at
the top. If you have a gain, enter it in column (e). If you have a loss, enter it in
column (f). Complete any other columns
you can.
Rounding off to whole dollars. You can

round off cents to whole dollars on your
Form 8949. If you do round to whole dollars, you must round all amounts. To round,
drop amounts under 50 cents and increase
amounts from 50 to 99 cents to the next
dollar. For example, $1.39 becomes $1 and
$2.50 becomes $3.

Column (a)—Description of
Property
You can use stock ticker symbols or abbreviations to describe the property as long as
they are based on the descriptions of the
property as shown on Form 1099-B or
1099-S (or substitute statement).
If you inherited the property from someone who died in 2010 and the executor of
the decedent’s estate made the election to
file Form 8939, also enter “INH-2010” in
column (a).

Column (b)—Code
In order to explain any adjustment to gain
or loss in column (g), put the appropriate
code in column (b). See How To Complete
Form 8949, Columns (b) and (g), later.
Also see the instructions for column (g). If
more than one code applies, enter all the
codes that apply. Separate them by a space
or a comma.

Column (c)—Date Acquired
Enter in this column the date you acquired
the asset. Use the trade date for stocks and
bonds traded on an exchange or
over-the-counter market. For stock or other
property sold short, enter the date you acquired the stock or property delivered to the
broker or lender to close the short sale.
The date acquired for an asset you held
on January 1, 2001, for which you made an
election to recognize any gain in a deemed
sale is the date of the deemed sale and
reacquisition.
If you disposed of property that you acquired by inheritance from someone who
died before or after 2010, report the sale or
exchange on line 3 and enter
“INHERITED” in column (c) instead of the
date you acquired the property. Also report
the sale or exchange that way if you inherited the property from someone who died in

2010 and the executor of the decedent’s
estate did not elect to file Form 8939. If you
inherited the property from someone who
died in 2010 and the executor made the
election to file Form 8939, also see the
instructions for column (a) and see Pub.
4895 to see whether you should report the
sale or exchange on line 1 or line 3.
If you sold a block of stock (or similar
property) that you acquired through several
different purchases, you may report the sale
on one line and enter “VARIOUS” in column (c). However, you still must report the
short-term gain or (loss) on the sale in Part I
and the long-term gain or (loss) in Part II.

Column (d)—Date Sold
Enter in this column the date you sold the
asset. Use the trade date for stocks and
bonds traded on an exchange or
over-the-counter market. For stock or other
property sold short, enter the date you delivered the stock or property to the broker
or lender to close the short sale.

Column (e)—Sales Price
If you sold stocks or bonds and you received a Form 1099-B (or substitute statement) from your broker that shows gross
sales price, enter that amount in column (e).
But if Form 1099-B (or substitute statement) indicates that gross proceeds minus
commissions and option premiums were
reported to the IRS, enter that net amount in
column (e).
You should not have received a Form
1099-B (or substitute statement) for a transaction merely representing the return of
your original investment in a nontransferable obligation, such as a savings bond or a
certificate of deposit. But if you did, report
the amount shown on Form 1099-B (or
substitute statement) in both columns (e)
and (f).

Column (f)—Cost or Other Basis
In general, the cost or other basis is the cost
of the property plus purchase commissions
and improvements, minus depreciation,
amortization, and depletion. If you inherited the property, got it as a gift, or received
it in a tax-free exchange or involuntary
conversion or in connection with a “wash
sale,” you may not be able to use the actual
cost as the basis. If you do not use the
actual cost, attach an explanation of your
basis.
If you sold stock, adjust your basis by
subtracting all the nondividend distributions you received before the sale. Also
adjust your basis for any stock splits. See
Pub. 550 for details.
If you elected to recognize gain on an
asset held on January 1, 2001, your basis in

the asset is its closing market price or fair
market value, whichever applies, on the
date of the deemed sale and reacquisition,
whether the deemed sale resulted in a gain
or an unallowed loss.
You can use the average basis method to
determine the basis of shares of stock if the
shares are identical to each other, you acquired them at different prices and left
them in an account with a custodian or
agent, and either:
• They are shares in a mutual fund (or
other RIC), or
• You acquired them after 2010 in connection with a dividend reinvestment plan
(DRP).
Shares are identical if they have the same
CUSIP number, except that shares of stock
in a DRP are not identical to shares of stock
that are not in a DRP, even if they have the
same CUSIP number. If you are using the
average basis method and received a Form
1099-B (or substitute statement) that shows
an incorrect basis, enter “B” in column (b),
enter the basis shown on Form 1099-B (or
substitute statement) in column (f), and see
How To Complete Form 8949, Columns
(b) and (g), later. For details on making the
election and how to figure average basis,
see Pub. 550.
The basis of property acquired by gift is
generally the basis of the property in the
hands of the donor. The basis of property
acquired from a decedent who died before
or after 2010 is generally the fair market
value at the date of death. This is also the
basis of property acquired from a decedent
who died in 2010 if the executor of the
decedent’s estate did not elect to file Form
8939. See Pub. 551 for details. If you sold
property that you inherited from someone
who died in 2010 and the executor made
the election to file Form 8939, see Pub.
4895.
Increase the cost or other basis of an
original issue discount (OID) debt instrument by the amount of OID that has been
included in gross income for that instrument. See Pub. 550 for details.
If a charitable contribution deduction is
allowable because of a bargain sale of
property to a charitable organization, the
adjusted basis for purposes of determining
gain from the sale is the amount that has the
same ratio to the adjusted basis as the
amount realized has to the fair market
value. See Pub. 544 for details.
For more details, see Pub. 551.
Form 1099-B. If the property you sold was

a covered security, its basis should be
shown in box 3 of the Form 1099-B (or
substitute statement) you received from

D-9

your broker. Generally, a covered security
is a security other than:
• A security you acquired before January 1, 2011,
• Stock in a mutual fund or other regulated investment company, or
• Stock you acquired through a dividend reinvestment plan.
If box 6 on Form 1099-B is checked, the
property sold was not a covered security.
Enter the basis shown on Form 1099-B
in column (f). If the basis shown on Form
1099-B is not correct, see How To Complete Form 8949, Columns (b) and (g),
later, for the adjustment you must make.
If no basis is shown on Form 1099-B (or
substitute statement), enter the correct basis
of the property in column (f).

Column (g)—Adjustments to Gain
or Loss
Enter in this column any necessary adjustments to gain or loss. Enter negative
amounts in parentheses. Also enter a code
in column (b) to explain the adjustment.
See How To Complete Form 8949, Columns (b) and (g), later.
Include in this column any expense of
sale, such as broker’s fees, commissions,
state and local transfer taxes, and option
premiums, unless you reported the net sales
price in column (e). If you include any expense of sale in this column, enter “O” in
column (b).
More than one code. If you entered more

than one code in column (b) on the same
line, enter the net adjustment in column (g).
For example, if one adjustment is $5,000
and another is ($1,000), enter $4,000
($5,000 − $1,000).
Example. You sold your main home in
2011 for $320,000 and received a Form
1099-S showing the $320,000 gross proceeds. The home’s basis was $100,000.
You had selling expenses of $20,000.
Under the tests described in Sale of Your
Home, earlier, you can exclude the entire
$200,000 gain from income. On Form
8949, Part II, check box C at the top. On
line 3, complete columns (a), (c), and (d).
Enter $320,000 in column (e) and $100,000
in column (f). Enter “H” in column (b). In
column (g), enter $220,000 (your $200,000
exclusion + your selling expenses of
$20,000) as a negative number. Put it in
parentheses to show it is negative. If this is
your only transaction on this Form 8949,
enter $320,000 in column (e) on line 10 of
Schedule D, $100,000 in column (f), and
$220,000 in column (g). In column (h),
enter -0- ($320,000 − $100,000 −
$220,000).

How To Complete Form 8949, Columns (b) and (g)
For most transactions, you do not need to complete columns (b) and (g) and can leave them blank. You may need to complete columns (b) and (g) if
you got a Form 1099-B or 1099-S that is incorrect, if you are excluding or postponing a capital gain, if you have a disallowed loss, or in certain other
situations. Details are in the table below.

THEN enter this code
in column (b) . . .

IF . . .

You received a Form 1099-B (or substitute statement)
and the basis shown in box 3 is incorrect. . . .

AND. . .

Enter the basis shown on Form 1099-B (or substitute statement) in
column (f).
If the correct basis is higher than the basis shown on Form 1099-B
(or substitute statement), enter the difference between the two
amounts as a negative number (in parentheses) in column (g).

B

If the correct basis is lower than the basis shown on Form 1099-B (or
substitute statement), enter the difference between the two amounts as
a positive number in column (g).
You received a Form 1099-B (or substitute statement)
and the type of gain or loss (short term or long term)
shown in box 8 is incorrect . . . .

T

Enter -0- in column (g) unless an adjustment is required because of
another code. Report the gain or loss in the correct Part of Form
8949.

N

Report the transaction on Form 8949 as you would if you were the
actual owner, but enter any resulting gain as a negative adjustment (in
parentheses) in column (g) or any resulting loss as a positive
adjustment in column (g). However, if you received capital gain
distributions as a nominee, report them instead as described under
Capital Gain Distributions, earlier.

H

Report the sale or exchange on Form 8949 as you would if you were
not taking the exclusion. Then enter the amount of excluded
(nontaxable) gain as a negative number (in parentheses) in column
(g). See the example in the instructions for Form 8949, column (g).

S

Report the sale or exchange on Form 8949 as you would if you were
not taking the exclusion. Then enter the amount of the exclusion as a
negative number (in parentheses) in column (g).

X

Report the sale or exchange on Form 8949 as you would if you were
not taking the exclusion. Then enter the amount of the exclusion as a
negative number (in parentheses) in column (g).

You received a Form 1099-B or 1099-S as a nominee
for the actual owner of the property. . . .

You sold or exchanged your main home at a gain,
must report the sale or exchange on Form 8949, and
can exclude some or all of the gain. . . .
You sold or exchanged qualified small business stock
and can exclude part of the gain. . . .
You can exclude all or part of your gain under the
rules explained earlier in these instructions for DC
Zone assets or qualified community assets. . . .
You are electing to postpone all or part of your gain
under the rules explained earlier in these instructions
for rollover of gain from QSB stock, empowerment
zone assets, publicly traded securities, or stock sold to
ESOPs or certain cooperatives. . . .
You have a nondeductible loss from a wash sale. . . .
You have a nondeductible loss other than a loss
indicated by code W. . . .
You include any expense of sale or certain option
premiums in column (g) or you have an adjustment
not explained above in this column. . . .

Report the sale or exchange on Form 8949 as you would if you were
not making the election. Then enter the amount of postponed gain as
a negative number (in parentheses) in column (g).

R

W

Enter the amount of the nondeductible loss as a positive number in
column (g). See Wash Sales, earlier, for details.

L

Enter the amount of the nondeductible loss as a positive number in
column (g). See the example under Nondeductible Losses, earlier.

O

Enter your expenses of sale or the appropriate adjustment amount in
column (g). Enter any expenses of sale as a negative number (in
parentheses). See the instructions for Form 8949, column (g). If you
sold a call option and it was exercised, see Gain or Loss From
Options, earlier, for information about reporting certain option
premiums.

None of the other statements in this column apply. . . Leave columns (b) and (g) blank.

Schedule D
Complete all necessary pages of Form 8949
before you complete line 1, 2, 3, 8, 9, or 10
of Schedule D.

Rounding Off to Whole Dollars
You can round off cents to whole dollars on
your Schedule D. If you do round to whole
dollars, you must round all amounts. To
round, drop amounts under 50 cents and
increase amounts from 50 to 99 cents to the

next dollar. For example, $1.39 becomes
$1 and $2.50 becomes $3.
If you have to add two or more amounts
to figure the amount to enter on a line,
include cents when adding the amounts and
round off only the total.

Lines 1, 2, 3, 8, 9, and 10, column
(h)—Gain or Loss
Figure gain or loss on each line. First, subtract cost or other basis (column (f)) from

D-10

sales price (column (e)). Then take into account any adjustments in column (g). Enter
the gain or loss in column (h). Enter negative amounts in parentheses.
Example 1. Column (e) is $6,000 and
column (f) is ($2,000). Enter $4,000 in column (h).
Example 2. Column (e) is $6,000 and
column (f) is ($8,000). Enter ($2,000) in
column (h).

Capital Loss Carryover Worksheet—Lines 6 and 14

Keep for Your Records

Use this worksheet to figure your capital loss carryovers from 2010 to 2011 if your 2010 Schedule D, line 21, is a loss and (a) that loss is
a smaller loss than the loss on your 2010 Schedule D, line 16, or (b) the amount on your 2010 Form 1040, line 41 (or your 2010 Form
1040NR, line 39, if applicable) is less than zero. Otherwise, you do not have any carryovers.
If you and your spouse once filed a joint return and are filing separate returns for 2011, any capital loss carryover from the joint return
can be deducted only on the return of the spouse who actually had the loss.
1. Enter the amount from your 2010 Form 1040, line 41, or your 2010 Form 1040NR, line 39. If a loss,
enclose the amount in parentheses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.
2. Enter the loss from your 2010 Schedule D, line 21, as a positive amount . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.
3. Combine lines 1 and 2. If zero or less, enter -0- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.
4. Enter the smaller of line 2 or line 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.
If line 7 of your 2010 Schedule D is a loss, go to line 5; otherwise, enter -0- on line 5 and go to
line 9.
5. Enter the loss from your 2010 Schedule D, line 7, as a positive amount . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.
6. Enter any gain from your 2010 Schedule D, line 15. If a loss,
enter -0- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.
7. Add lines 4 and 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.
8. Short-term capital loss carryover for 2011. Subtract line 7 from line 5. If zero or less, enter -0-. If
more than zero, also enter this amount on Schedule D, line 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.
If line 15 of your 2010 Schedule D is a loss, go to line 9; otherwise, skip lines 9 through 13.
9. Enter the loss from your 2010 Schedule D, line 15, as a positive amount . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.
10. Enter any gain from your 2010 Schedule D, line 7. If a loss,
enter -0- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10.
11. Subtract line 5 from line 4. If zero or less, enter -0- . . . . . . . .
11.
12. Add lines 10 and 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.
13. Long-term capital loss carryover for 2011. Subtract line 12 from line 9. If zero or less, enter -0-. If
more than zero, also enter this amount on Schedule D, line 14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.

Example 3. Column (e) is $6,000, column (f) is ($2,000), and column (g) is
($1,000). Enter $3,000 in column (h).

Line 18
If you checked “Yes” on line 17, complete
the 28% Rate Gain Worksheet in these instructions if either of the following apply
for 2011.

• You reported in Part II of Form 8949 a
section 1202 exclusion from the eligible
gain on qualified small business stock (see

Exclusion of Gain on Qualified Small Business (QSB) Stock, earlier).
• You reported in Part II of Form 8949 a
collectibles gain or (loss). A collectibles
gain or (loss) is any long-term gain or deductible long-term loss from the sale or
exchange of a collectible that is a capital
asset.
Collectibles include works of art, rugs,
antiques, metals (such as gold, silver, and
platinum bullion), gems, stamps, coins, al-

28% Rate Gain Worksheet—Line 18

coholic beverages, and certain other tangible property.
Include on the worksheet any gain (but
not loss) from the sale or exchange of an
interest in a partnership, S corporation, or
trust held for more than 1 year and attributable to unrealized appreciation of collectibles. For details, see Regulations
section 1.1(h)-1. Also, attach the statement
required under Regulations section
1.1(h)-1(e).

Keep for Your Records

1. Enter the total of all collectibles gain or (loss) from items you reported on Form 8949, line 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2. Enter as a positive number the amount of any section 1202 exclusion you reported in column (g) of Form 8949, line 3,
with code “S” in column (b), for which you excluded 50% of the gain, plus 2⁄3 of any section 1202 exclusion you
reported in column (g) of Form 8949, line 3, with code “S” in column (b), for which you excluded 60% of the gain . . .
3. Enter the total of all collectibles gain or (loss) from Form 4684, line 4 (but only if Form 4684, line 15, is more than
zero); Form 6252; Form 6781, Part II; and Form 8824 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4. Enter the total of any collectibles gain reported to you on:
• Form 1099-DIV, box 2d;
....................
• Form 2439, box 1d; and
• Schedule K-1 from a partnership, S corporation, estate, or trust.
5. Enter your long-term capital loss carryovers from Schedule D, line 14, and Schedule K-1 (Form 1041),
box 11, code C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6. If Schedule D, line 7, is a (loss), enter that (loss) here. Otherwise, enter -0- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7. Combine lines 1 through 6. If zero or less, enter -0-. If more than zero, also enter this amount on
Schedule D, line 18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

}

D-11

1.
2.
3.
4.

5. (

)

6. (

)

7.

Line 19
If you checked “Yes” on line 17, complete
the Unrecaptured Section 1250 Gain Worksheet in these instructions if any of the following apply for 2011.
• You sold or otherwise disposed of
section 1250 property (generally, real property that you depreciated) held more than 1
year.
• You received installment payments
for section 1250 property held more than 1
year for which you are reporting gain on the
installment method.
• You received a Schedule K-1 from an
estate or trust, partnership, or S corporation
that shows “unrecaptured section 1250
gain.”
• You received a Form 1099-DIV or
Form 2439 from a real estate investment
trust or regulated investment company (including a mutual fund) that reports “unrecaptured section 1250 gain.”
• You reported a long-term capital gain
from the sale or exchange of an interest in a

partnership that owned section 1250 property.

Instructions for the Unrecaptured
Section 1250 Gain Worksheet
Lines 1 through 3. If you had more than

one property described on line 1, complete
lines 1 through 3 for each property on a
separate worksheet. Enter the total of the
line 3 amounts for all properties on line 3
and go to line 4.
Line 4. To figure the amount to enter on

line 4, follow the steps below for each installment sale of trade or business property
held more than 1 year.
Step 1. Figure the smaller of (a) the depreciation allowed or allowable, or (b) the
total gain for the sale. This is the smaller of
line 22 or line 24 of your 2011 Form 4797
(or the comparable lines of Form 4797 for
the year of sale) for the property.
Step 2. Reduce the amount figured in
step 1 by any section 1250 ordinary income
recapture for the sale. This is the amount
from line 26g of your 2011 Form 4797 (or

the comparable line of Form 4797 for the
year of sale) for the property. The result is
your total unrecaptured section 1250 gain
that must be allocated to the installment
payments received from the sale.
Step 3. Generally, the amount of section 1231 gain on each installment payment
is treated as unrecaptured section 1250 gain
until the total unrecaptured section 1250
gain figured in step 2 has been used in full.
Figure the amount of gain treated as unrecaptured section 1250 gain for installment
payments received in 2011 as the smaller of
(a) the amount from line 26 or line 37 of
your 2011 Form 6252, whichever applies,
or (b) the amount of unrecaptured section
1250 gain remaining to be reported. This
amount is generally the total unrecaptured
section 1250 gain for the sale reduced by all
gain reported in prior years (excluding section 1250 ordinary income recapture).
However, if you chose not to treat all of the
gain from payments received after May 6,
1997, and before August 24, 1999, as unrecaptured section 1250 gain, use only the
amount you chose to treat as unrecaptured

Unrecaptured Section 1250 Gain Worksheet—Line 19

Keep for Your Records

If you are not reporting a gain on Form 4797, line 7, skip lines 1 through 9 and go to line 10.
1. If you have a section 1250 property in Part III of Form 4797 for which you made an entry in Part I of Form
4797 (but not on Form 6252), enter the smaller of line 22 or line 24 of Form 4797 for that property. If you did
not have any such property, go to line 4. If you had more than one such property, see instructions . . . . . . . . . .
2. Enter the amount from Form 4797, line 26g, for the property for which you made an entry on line 1 . . . . . . . .
3. Subtract line 2 from line 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4. Enter the total unrecaptured section 1250 gain included on line 26 or line 37 of Form(s) 6252 from installment
sales of trade or business property held more than 1 year (see instructions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5. Enter the total of any amounts reported to you on a Schedule K-1 from a partnership or an S corporation as
“unrecaptured section 1250 gain” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6. Add lines 3 through 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7. Enter the smaller of line 6 or the gain from Form 4797, line 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.
8. Enter the amount, if any, from Form 4797, line 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.
9. Subtract line 8 from line 7. If zero or less, enter -0- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10. Enter the amount of any gain from the sale or exchange of an interest in a partnership attributable to
unrecaptured section 1250 gain (see instructions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11. Enter the total of any amounts reported to you as “unrecaptured section 1250 gain” on a Schedule K-1, Form
1099-DIV, or Form 2439 from an estate, trust, real estate investment trust, or mutual fund (or other regulated
investment company) or in connection with a Form 1099-R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12. Enter the total of any unrecaptured section 1250 gain from sales (including installment sales) or other
dispositions of section 1250 property held more than 1 year for which you did not make an entry in Part I of
Form 4797 for the year of sale (see instructions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13. Add lines 9 through 12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14. If you had any section 1202 gain or collectibles gain or (loss), enter the total of lines 1
through 4 of the 28% Rate Gain Worksheet. Otherwise, enter -0- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.
15. Enter the (loss), if any, from Schedule D, line 7. If Schedule D, line 7, is zero or a gain,
enter -0- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15. (
)
16. Enter your long-term capital loss carryovers from Schedule D, line 14, and Schedule K-1
(Form 1041), box 11, code C* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16. (
)
17. Combine lines 14 through 16. If the result is a (loss), enter it as a positive amount. If the result is zero or a
gain, enter -0- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18. Unrecaptured section 1250 gain. Subtract line 17 from line 13. If zero or less, enter -0-. If more than zero,
enter the result here and on Schedule D, line 19 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
*If you are filing Form 2555 or 2555-EZ (relating to foreign earned income), see the footnote in the Foreign
Earned Income Tax Worksheet in the Form 1040 instructions before completing this line.

D-12

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.

17.
18.

section 1250 gain for those payments to
reduce the total unrecaptured section 1250
gain remaining to be reported for the sale.
Include this amount on line 4.
Line 10. Include on line 10 your share of

the partnership’s unrecaptured section
1250 gain that would result if the partnership had transferred all of its section 1250
property in a fully taxable transaction immediately before you sold or exchanged
your interest in that partnership. If you recognized less than all of the realized gain,
the partnership will be treated as having
transferred only a proportionate amount of
each section 1250 property. For details, see
Regulations section 1.1(h)-1. Also attach
the statement required under Regulations
section 1.1(h)-1(e).
Line 12. An example of an amount to in-

clude on line 12 is unrecaptured section
1250 gain from the sale of a vacation home
you previously used as a rental property but
converted to personal use prior to the sale.
To figure the amount to enter on line 12,
follow the applicable instructions below.
Installment sales. To figure the amount
to include on line 12, follow the steps below for each installment sale of property
held more than 1 year for which you did not
make an entry in Part I of your Form 4797
for the year of sale.
• Step 1. Figure the smaller of (a) the
depreciation allowed or allowable, or (b)
the total gain for the sale. This is the
smaller of line 22 or line 24 of your 2011
Form 4797 (or the comparable lines of
Form 4797 for the year of sale) for the
property.

• Step 2. Reduce the amount figured in
step 1 by any section 1250 ordinary income
recapture for the sale. This is the amount
from line 26g of your 2011 Form 4797 (or
the comparable line of Form 4797 for the
year of sale) for the property. The result is
your total unrecaptured section 1250 gain
that must be allocated to the installment
payments received from the sale.
• Step 3. Generally, the amount of capital gain on each installment payment is
treated as unrecaptured section 1250 gain
until the total unrecaptured section 1250
gain figured in step 2 has been used in full.
Figure the amount of gain treated as unrecaptured section 1250 gain for installment
payments received in 2011 as the smaller of
(a) the amount from line 26 or line 37 of
your 2011 Form 6252, whichever applies,
or (b) the amount of unrecaptured section
1250 gain remaining to be reported. This
amount is generally the total unrecaptured
section 1250 gain for the sale reduced by all
gain reported in prior years (excluding section 1250 ordinary income recapture).
However, if you chose not to treat all of the
gain from payments received after May 6,
1997, and before August 24, 1999, as unrecaptured section 1250 gain, use only the
amount you chose to treat as unrecaptured
section 1250 gain for those payments to
reduce the total unrecaptured section 1250
gain remaining to be reported for the sale.
Include this amount on line 12.
Other sales or dispositions of section
1250 property. For each sale of property
held more than 1 year (for which you did

D-13

not make an entry in Part I of Form 4797),
figure the smaller of (a) the depreciation
allowed or allowable, or (b) the total gain
for the sale. This is the smaller of line 22 or
line 24 of Form 4797 for the property.
Next, reduce that amount by any section
1250 ordinary income recapture for the
sale. This is the amount from line 26g of
Form 4797 for the property. The result is
the total unrecaptured section 1250 gain for
the sale. Include this amount on line 12.

Line 21
You have a capital loss carryover from
2011 to 2012 if you have a loss on line 16
and either:

• That loss is more than the loss on line
21, or
• The amount on Form 1040, line 41 (or
Form 1040NR, line 39, if applicable), is
less than zero.
To figure any capital loss carryover to
2012, you will use the Capital Loss Carryover Worksheet in the 2012 Instructions for
Schedule D. If you want to figure your carryover to 2012 now, see Pub. 550.

TIP

You will need a copy of your
2011 Form 1040 and Schedule
D to figure your capital loss
carryover to 2012.

Schedule D Tax Worksheet

Keep for Your Records

Complete this worksheet only if line 18 or line 19 of Schedule D is more than zero. Otherwise, complete the Qualified Dividends and Capital Gain Tax
Worksheet in the Instructions for Form 1040, line 44 (or in the Instructions for Form 1040NR, line 42) to figure your tax.
Exception: Do not use the Qualified Dividends and Capital Gain Tax Worksheet or this worksheet to figure your tax if:
• Line 15 or line 16 of Schedule D is zero or less and you have no qualified dividends on Form 1040, line 9b (or Form 1040NR, line 10b); or
• Form 1040, line 43 (or Form 1040NR, line 41) is zero or less.
Instead, see the instructions for Form 1040, line 44 (or Form 1040NR, line 42).
1. Enter your taxable income from Form 1040, line 43 (or Form 1040NR, line 41). (However, if you are filing Form 2555 or 2555-EZ
(relating to foreign earned income), enter instead the amount from line 3 of the Foreign Earned Income Tax Worksheet in the
Instructions for Form 1040, line 44) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2. Enter your qualified dividends from Form 1040, line 9b (or Form
1040NR, line 10b) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.
3. Enter the amount from Form 4952 (used to
figure investment interest expense
deduction), line 4g . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.
4. Enter the amount from Form 4952, line 4e*
4.
5. Subtract line 4 from line 3. If zero or less, enter -0- . . . . . . . . . . 5.
6. Subtract line 5 from line 2. If zero or less, enter -0-** . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.
7. Enter the smaller of line 15 or line 16 of Schedule D . . . . . . . . 7.
8. Enter the smaller of line 3 or line 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.
9. Subtract line 8 from line 7. If zero or less, enter -0-** . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.
10. Add lines 6 and 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.
11. Add lines 18 and 19 of Schedule D** . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.
12. Enter the smaller of line 9 or line 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.
13. Subtract line 12 from line 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14. Subtract line 13 from line 1. If zero or less, enter -0- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15. Enter:

• $34,500 if single or married filing separately;
• $69,000 if married filing jointly or qualifying widow(er); or
• $46,250 if head of household
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.

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}

. . . . . . . . . 15.
Enter the smaller of line 1 or line 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16.
Enter the smaller of line 14 or line 16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.
Subtract line 10 from line 1. If zero or less, enter -0- . . . . . . . . . 18.
Enter the larger of line 17 or line 18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . © 19.
Subtract line 17 from line 16. This amount is taxed at 0%. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . © 20.
If lines 1 and 16 are the same, skip lines 21 through 33 and go to line 34. Otherwise, go to line 21.
Enter the smaller of line 1 or line 13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.
Enter the amount from line 20 (if line 20 is blank, enter -0-) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.
Subtract line 22 from line 21. If zero or less, enter -0- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . © 23.
Multiply line 23 by 15% (.15) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
If Schedule D, line 19, is zero or blank, skip lines 25 through 30 and go to line 31. Otherwise, go to line 25.
Enter the smaller of line 9 above or Schedule D, line 19 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.
Add lines 10 and 19 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.
Enter the amount from line 1 above . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.
Subtract line 27 from line 26. If zero or less, enter -0- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.
Subtract line 28 from line 25. If zero or less, enter -0- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . © 29.
Multiply line 29 by 25% (.25) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
If Schedule D, line 18, is zero or blank, skip lines 31 through 33 and go to line 34. Otherwise, go to line 31.
Add lines 19, 20, 23, and 29 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.
Subtract line 31 from line 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.
Multiply line 32 by 28% (.28) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Figure the tax on the amount on line 19. If the amount on line 19 is less than $100,000, use the Tax Table to figure the tax. If the
amount on line 19 is $100,000 or more, use the Tax Computation Worksheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Add lines 24, 30, 33, and 34 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Figure the tax on the amount on line 1. If the amount on line 1 is less than $100,000, use the Tax Table to figure the tax. If the
amount on line 1 is $100,000 or more, use the Tax Computation Worksheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tax on all taxable income (including capital gains and qualified dividends). Enter the smaller of line 35 or line 36. Also include
this amount on Form 1040, line 44 (or Form 1040NR, line 42). (If you are filing Form 2555 or 2555-EZ, do not enter this amount
on Form 1040, line 44. Instead, enter it on line 4 of the Foreign Earned Income Tax Worksheet in the Form 1040 instructions) . . .
*If applicable, enter instead the smaller amount you entered on the dotted line next to line 4e of Form 4952.
**If you are filing Form 2555 or 2555-EZ, see the footnote in the Foreign Earned Income Tax Worksheet in the Instructions for
Form 1040, line 44, before completing this line.

D-14
Printed on recycled paper

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