Agricultural Chemical Useage Vegetables Methodology and Quality Measures

0218 - Agricultural Chemical Usage - Vegetables Methodology and Quality Measures - 2011.pdf

Agricultural Resource Management, Chemical Use, and Post-harvest Chemical Use Surveys

Agricultural Chemical Useage Vegetables Methodology and Quality Measures

OMB: 0535-0218

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Agricultural Chemical Usage Vegetables Methodology and Quality
Measures
Released July 27, 2011, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of
Agriculture (USDA).

Vegetable Chemical Usage Survey Methodology
Scope and Purpose: The National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) Vegetable Chemical Use program collects
entire farm level chemical use data from growers of select vegetables in program States. The fruit and vegetable chemical
surveys have been conducted in alternating years since 1990 with data collected on fruits in odd numbered years and
vegetables in even numbered years. The States involved and the commodities surveyed are selected based on NASS acres
planted and evaluated each cycle to ensure maximum coverage. NASS aims to cover at a minimum 80 percent of acres
planted. Farm level data are combined during summary and, pending compliance with disclosure rules, published at State
and National levels. Data are published for 24 crops in 19 States. Carrots, Cucumbers, Snap Beans, Sweet Corn, and
Tomatoes are published by both fresh market and processing dispositions.
Survey Timeline: Data collection begins on October 1 and lasts until mid January of the following year to ensure
completion of the crop year. NASS Field Offices (FOs) along with NASS Headquarters (HQ) spend the next several months
reviewing reported data for reasonableness and conduct producer follow-ups, as necessary. The estimates are released to the
NASS Quick Stats system during the last week in July.
Sample Size, Sampling Frames, and Methods: The sample for the Vegetable Chemical Use Survey (VCUS) is selected
from the NASS List Sampling Frame. List incompleteness is addressed through the estimators. The sample design for
VCUS is Multivariate Probability Proportional to Size (MPPS). In MPPS, the maximum of the probabilities of selection
over all of the target crops that an operation grows is used in combination with the desired sample sizes for each crop to
draw the sample. The larger the operation’s maximum probability is, the larger the operation’s chance of being selected
for the sample.
VCUS is a two-phase sample design. In Phase 1, the screening phase, list frame control data are used to determine the
probabilities of selection. The operations selected in Phase 1 are interviewed in the Integrated Screening Survey to
determine if they are growing any of the crops of interest and the number of acres planted. In Phase 2, the results from the
Integrated Screening Survey are used to select the final sample for the survey. Both the Phase 1 and Phase 2 sample
selections use MPPS designs.
In Phase 2, operations with multiple operating arrangements are sub-sampled. Only the sub-sampled operations are
contacted for data collection.
The sample size for the VCUS is approximately 4,500.
Data Collection and Editing: All federal data collections require approval by the Office of Management and Budget
(OMB). NASS must document the public need for the data, show the design applies sound statistical practice, ensure the
data do not already exist elsewhere, and show that the public is not excessively burdened. The vegetable chemical use
questionnaires must display an active OMB number that gives NASS the authority to conduct the survey, a statement of
the purpose of the survey and the use of the data being collected, a response burden statement that gives an estimate of the
time required to complete the form, a confidentiality statement that the respondent’s information will be protected from
disclosure, and a statement that response to the survey is voluntary and not required by law.

Using these questionnaires, chemical data are collected only by personal visit from an enumerator. Letters are mailed out
to producers prior to field contact informing them of the importance of cooperation and that contact will be made in the
coming weeks. Once contact is made by the field enumerator, an appointment will be set up to collect data when the farm
operator indicates no further chemical applications are remaining. The field enumerator returns the questionnaires to the
NASS field office for editing and data entry. Questionnaire responses are captured and edited for consistency using
automated systems, and a report of questionnaires with errors is generated. NASS field office statisticians will correct the
errors on the report or comment to their validity if the data are deemed to be correct. Records with errors can pass to
summary only with field statistician comments and HQ acceptance.
Analysis Tools: Chemical use data are processed through an interactive data analysis tool which displays data for all
reports by product or commodity. This application tool provides various scatter plots, graphs, tables, charts, and listing
tools that allow the analyst to compare an individual record to other similar records within their state or at a national level.
Outliers and unusual data relationships are investigated by FO and HQ statisticians to determine if they are correct.
Suspect data found to be in error are corrected, while data found to be correct are kept.
Nonsampling Errors: Nonsampling errors are present in any survey process. These errors include reporting, recording,
editing, and imputation errors. Steps are taken to minimize the impact of these errors, such as comprehensive interviewer
training, validation and verification of processing systems, detailed computer edits, and the analysis tool. Re-contact with
respondents is conducted on an as needed basis.
Nonresponse Adjustment: Response to the VCUS is voluntary. Some producers refuse to participate in the survey,
others cannot be located during the data collection period, and some submit incomplete reports. These nonrespondents
must be accounted for if accurate estimates of total chemical usage are to be made. For this survey, item level
nonresponse is accounted for by imputing data where there are missing values. Imputed rates of application for chemicals
are calculated through an automated imputation system that calculates an unweighted mean for an imputation group based
on commodity, state, and product. When a group lacks sufficient responses, groups are collapsed by state to preserve as
much homogeneity as possible.
Calibration: Calibration is a weighting technique used in survey sampling to adjust the survey weights for sampled
elements so that the weighted sum of a set of benchmark variables equals a pre-determined set of values for the
population. The input to the calibration algorithm is the weights generated from the sampling procedures. Sampling
weights are calculated based on numerous factors so that the sample allocation can be representative of the entire
population of farms at the state level for the target vegetable crops in that state. Due to survey nonresponse and the
possibility of disproportionate responses across different target vegetable crops, weights are adjusted through a calibration
algorithm. Calibration adjusts the sampling weights so that the expanded data will match planted acreage totals from the
January Crop Production report. This ensures that the chemical data collected will accurately represent the chemical usage
for all target vegetable crops for the entire target population.
Estimators: The VCUS utilizes direct expansions for all survey indications. Direct expansions are calculated by summing
the reported or imputed chemical data values multiplied by the calibrated weights. Variance estimates are computed for all
expansions.
Outliers: NASS conducts a review of outliers found in the chemical use data by reviewing application rates for all
records for the same product and commodity combinations. The FO and HQ statisticians work together to get the data as
accurate as possible. The FO statistician reviews outliers within their state, and the HQ statistician examines outliers
across all states for the published categories. A determination is made as to whether an adjustment to the application data
is required. Most outliers trace back to unique situations that do not exist in the target population as much as the survey
weight would indicate.
Estimation: HQ statisticians execute a summary that generates state level and national level indications. Field Offices are
responsible for performing a detailed review of their survey results and providing comments that justify their survey
results. HQ statisticians conduct a final review of survey results from all states. Any irregularities revealed by the
summary must be investigated and, if necessary, resolved. After final review, national level summary results are adopted
as official national estimates except in cases where strong justification supports deviating from survey totals.
2

Agricultural Chemical Usage - Vegetables Methodology and Quality Measures (July 2011)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

There are three main types of data that NASS estimates for these surveys - fertilizer application, pesticide application, and
Integrated Pesticide Management (IPM) data. For the application data, NASS collects information about the commercial
fertilizers and pesticides applied during the crop year. For fertilizer, these applications are collected as either actual
pounds or percent analysis of Nitrogen (N), Phosphate (P), Potash (K), and Sulfur (S). For pesticides, these applications
are collected at the product level, generally per application. These product level data are converted to pounds of active
ingredient, summarized, and published. If the data are deemed too unreliable (if there are too few reports), they are
suppressed from publication, along with any needed complementary suppression.
For both fertilizer and pesticide application data, NASS estimates Area Applied (percent acres treated), Number of
Applications, Rate per Application (pounds of active ingredient per acre), Rate per Crop Year (number of applications
multiplied by rate per application), and Total Amount Applied.
The standard deviation for each active ingredient is calculated to determine data distribution for each crop. Chemical
distribution rates are given by active ingredient for the Percent of Acres Treated, Number of Applications, Rate per
Application, and Rate per Crop Year. Rate Distribution tables include the median, the 10th and 90th percentiles, the mean,
and the coefficient of variation (CV) for an active ingredient when at least 30 farm operators report applying it on the
specified crop.
The IPM data are generally a series of yes/no questions pertaining to specific pest management practices. IPM data are
collected for the entire operation. From these data, NASS releases the percent of operations using the practice as well as
the percent of acreage. The percent of acreage assumes that, if the operation uses the practice on one acre, it is used on all
acres. This also means that the IPM data are not crop specific; they are distributed across all vegetable acres.

Quality Metrics for Agricultural Chemical Usage
Purpose and Definitions: Under the guidance of the Statistical Policy Office of the Office of Management and Budget
(OMB), the United States Department of Agriculture’s National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) provides data
users with quality metrics for its published data series. The metrics tables below describe the performance data for the
survey contributing to the publication. The accuracy of data products may be evaluated through sampling and nonsampling error. The measurement of error due to sampling in the current period is evaluated by the coefficient of variation
for each estimated item. Non-sampling error is evaluated by response rates and the percent of the estimate from
respondents.
Sample Size is the number of observations selected from the population that are used to be representative of the entire
population.
Response rates measure the proportion of the sample that is represented by the responding units in the survey.
Coefficient of Variation provides a measure of the size for the standard error relative to the point estimate and is used to
measure the precision of the results of a survey estimator.

Vegetable Chemical Distribution, Sample Size, and Response Rates – United States: 2010
State

Sample size

Response rate

2010

Arizona ..........................................................................
California .......................................................................
Colorado .......................................................................
Florida ...........................................................................
Georgia .........................................................................
Illinois ............................................................................
Michigan .......................................................................
Minnesota .....................................................................
New Jersey ...................................................................
New York ......................................................................

38
662
40
262
159
139
386
284
168
284

81.6
64.4
87.5
63.7
73.0
82.7
78.2
87.7
79.2
75.0

North Carolina ..............................................................
Ohio ..............................................................................
Oregon ..........................................................................
Pennsylvania ................................................................
South Carolina ..............................................................
Tennessee ....................................................................
Texas ............................................................................
Washington ...................................................................
Wisconsin .....................................................................

208
234
176
215
98
74
234
233
299

90.4
81.6
84.1
85.1
92.9
79.7
79.5
75.1
88.3

United States ................................................................

4,193

78.0

Agricultural Chemical Usage - Vegetables Methodology and Quality Measures (July 2011)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Asparagus: Agricultural Chemical Distribution Table – Program States: 2010
Active ingredient

Percent of acres
treated

Number of
applications

Rate per
application

Rate per crop
year

(CV percent)

Herbicides
Diuron ...........................................................................
Glyphosate iso. salt ......................................................
Metribuzin .....................................................................

20
18
33

11
10
4

15
8
20

15
10
19

Insecticides
Carbaryl ........................................................................
Chlorpyrifos ..................................................................

31
29

22
10

27
7

44
8

Fungicides
Chlorothalonil ...............................................................

Peppers, Bell: Agricultural Chemical Distribution Table – Program States: 2010
Active ingredient

Percent of acres
treated

Number of
applications

Rate per
application

Rate per crop
year

(CV percent)

Insecticides
Acephate ......................................................................
Chlorantraniliprole ........................................................
Lambda-cyhalothrin .....................................................

156
123
121

107
102
58

12
27
14

109
127
71

110
54
61
50
18

54
49
62
55
45

18
56
27
44
14

59
73
75
76
37

Cabbage, Fresh: Agricultural Chemical Distribution Table – Program States: 2010
Active ingredient

Percent of acres
treated

Number of
applications

Rate per
application

Rate per crop
year

(CV percent)

Herbicides
Oxyfluorfen ...................................................................
Trifluralin .......................................................................

49
68

5
1

43
21

42
21

Insecticides
Lambda-cyhalothrin .....................................................

Fungicides
Chlorothalonil ...............................................................

Carrots, Processing: Agricultural Chemical Distribution Table – Program States: 2010
Active ingredient

Herbicides
Linuron ..........................................................................

Percent of acres
treated

Number of
applications

Rate per
application

Rate per crop
year

(CV percent)

135

Agricultural Chemical Usage - Vegetables Methodology and Quality Measures (July 2011)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Cucumbers, Fresh: Agricultural Chemical Distribution Table – Program States: 2010
Active ingredient

Percent of acres
treated

Number of
applications

Rate per
application

Rate per crop
year

(CV percent)

Herbicides
Clomazone ...................................................................
Ethalfluralin ...................................................................

45
40

6
(Z)

44
21

47
21

47
111
108

12
60
64

14
12
11

11
58
64

Fungicides
Azoxystrobin .................................................................
Chlorothalonil ................................................................
Copper hydroxide .........................................................
Cymoxanil .....................................................................
Famoxadone .................................................................
Mancozeb .....................................................................
Propamocarb hydrochloride .........................................

49
24
81
77
77
26
46

64
33
43
51
52
57
18

8
17
36
2
2
21
15

65
25
65
52
52
60
23

(Z) Less than half of the unit shown.

Cucumbers, Pickles: Agricultural Chemical Distribution Table – Program States: 2010
Active ingredient

Percent of acres
treated

Number of
applications

Rate per
application

Rate per crop
year

(CV percent)

Herbicides
Clomazone ...................................................................
Ethalfluralin ...................................................................

24
23

(Z)
11

30
19

30
28

Fungicides
Chlorothalonil ................................................................
Cymoxanil .....................................................................
Famoxadone .................................................................
Mancozeb .....................................................................
Propamocarb hydrochloride .........................................

11
15
15
19
9

12
10
10
12
5

10
7
7
6
7

6
15
15
14
8

(Z) Less than half of the unit shown.

Peas, Green, Processing: Agricultural Chemical Distribution Table – Program States: 2010
Active ingredient

Percent of acres
treated

Number of
applications

Rate per
application

Rate per crop
year

(CV percent)

Herbicides
Bentazon .......................................................................
Imazethapyr ..................................................................
Imazethapyr ammonium salt ........................................
MCPB ...........................................................................
Pendimethalin ...............................................................

17
17
26
15
8

7
1
4
2
2

5
2
7
5
4

11
3
10
6
4

Insecticides
Bifenthrin .......................................................................

Agricultural Chemical Usage - Vegetables Methodology and Quality Measures (July 2011)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Lettuce Head: Agricultural Chemical Distribution Table – Program States: 2010
Active ingredient

Percent of acres
treated

Number of
applications

Rate per
application

Rate per crop
year

(CV percent)

Herbicides
Pronamide ....................................................................

Insecticides
Chlorantraniliprole ........................................................
Imidacloprid ..................................................................
Lambda-cyhalothrin .....................................................
Methomyl ......................................................................
Permethrin ....................................................................
Spinetoram-J ................................................................
Spinetoram-L ................................................................
Spirotetramat ................................................................
Zeta-cypermethrin ........................................................

81
28
25
91
58
31
31
129
50

16
15
38
39
67
34
34
21
35

45
39
4
30
21
15
15
10
26

35
28
35
9
49
48
48
29
27

Fungicides
Dimethomorph ..............................................................
Mandipropamide Technical .........................................
Maneb ...........................................................................

179
51
21

22
13
20

8
3
22

29
13
13

Lettuce Other: Agricultural Chemical Distribution Table – Program States: 2010
Active ingredient

Percent of acres
treated

Number of
applications

Rate per
application

Rate per crop
year

(CV percent)

Herbicides
Bensulide ......................................................................

Insecticides
Imidacloprid ..................................................................
Lambda-cyhalothrin .....................................................
Methomyl ......................................................................
Permethrin ....................................................................
Spinetoram-J ................................................................
Spinetoram-L ................................................................
Spirotetramat ................................................................
Zeta-cypermethrin ........................................................

48
52
119
56
44
44
65
45

30
58
28
52
42
42
19
11

75
5
24
18
10
10
2
5

76
56
8
69
37
37
18
15

Fungicides
Dimethomorph ..............................................................
Fenamidone .................................................................
Mandipropamide Technical .........................................
Maneb ...........................................................................

51
70
41
42

7
43
26
38

1
5
2
12

6
42
25
42

Agricultural Chemical Usage - Vegetables Methodology and Quality Measures (July 2011)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Onions: Agricultural Chemical Distribution Table – Program States: 2010
Active ingredient

Percent of acres
treated

Number of
applications

Rate per
application

Rate per crop
year

(CV percent)

Herbicides
Bromoxynil ....................................................................
Bromoxynil heptanoate ................................................
Bromoxynil octanoate ...................................................
Clethodim ......................................................................
Dimethenamide-P .........................................................
Fluazifop-P-butyl ..........................................................
Oxyfluorfen ...................................................................
Pendimethalin ...............................................................

38
35
24
34
32
38
18
17

9
8
28
10
7
12
22
13

35
10
26
6
11
9
23
8

33
12
9
14
14
17
12
8

Insecticides
Chlorpyrifos ..................................................................
Diazinon ........................................................................
Lambda-cyhalothrin ......................................................
Methomyl ......................................................................
Oxamyl ..........................................................................
Spinetoram-J ................................................................
Spinetoram-L ................................................................

15
42
51
30
33
17
17

16
11
15
14
17
6
6

9
19
7
9
4
17
17

10
22
13
22
17
15
15

Fungicides
Boscalid ........................................................................
Chlorothalonil ................................................................
Copper hydroxide .........................................................
Iprodione .......................................................................
Mancozeb .....................................................................
Mefenoxam ...................................................................
Pyraclostrobin ...............................................................

29
20
14
29
12
35
29

6
14
18
24
11
16
5

49
8
23
5
16
35
32

48
14
16
25
13
37
30

Pumpkins: Agricultural Chemical Distribution Table – Program States: 2010
Active ingredient

Percent of acres
treated

Number of
applications

Rate per
application

Rate per crop
year

(CV percent)

Herbicides
Clomazone ...................................................................
Ethalfluralin ...................................................................
Glyphosate iso. salt ......................................................
Halosulfuron .................................................................
S-Metolachlor ...............................................................

26
27
67
33
19

1
1
14
2
1

6
13
16
8
16

6
13
18
8
16

Insecticides
Carbaryl ........................................................................
Endosulfan ....................................................................
Esfenvalerate ................................................................
Imidacloprid ..................................................................
Lambda-cyhalothrin ......................................................
Permethrin ....................................................................

31
38
64
54
65
57

21
28
52
24
41
32

10
14
6
91
14
31

27
35
56
73
32
58

Fungicides
Azoxystrobin .................................................................
Boscalid ........................................................................
Chlorothalonil ................................................................
Copper hydroxide .........................................................
Cyazofamid ...................................................................
Cymoxanil .....................................................................
Famoxadone .................................................................
Mancozeb .....................................................................
Myclobutanil ..................................................................
Propamocarb hydrochloride .........................................
Pyraclostrobin ...............................................................
Quinoline .......................................................................
Triflumizole ...................................................................

33
38
31
37
58
53
54
67
46
75
31
38
58

8
28
10
16
35
14
14
9
10
13
25
26
13

6
27
6
17
2
6
6
20
12
5
31
5
6

9
40
13
27
36
10
9
27
16
17
50
30
14

Agricultural Chemical Usage - Vegetables Methodology and Quality Measures (July 2011)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Beans, Snap, Fresh: Agricultural Chemical Distribution Table – Program States: 2010
Active ingredient

Percent of acres
treated

Number of
applications

Rate per
application

Rate per crop
year

(CV percent)

Herbicides
S-Metolachlor ...............................................................

(Z)

Insecticides
Acephate ......................................................................
Esfenvalerate ...............................................................

65
89

55
15

40
13

21
28

Fungicides
Chlorothalonil ...............................................................

(Z) Less than half of the unit shown.

Beans, Snap, Processing: Agricultural Chemical Distribution Table – Program States: 2010
Active ingredient

Percent of acres
treated

Number of
applications

Rate per
application

Rate per crop
year

(CV percent)

Herbicides
Bentazon ......................................................................
EPTC ............................................................................
Fomesafen ...................................................................
Halosulfuron .................................................................
Imazamox .....................................................................
Imazethapyr ammonium salt .......................................
Pendimethalin ..............................................................
S-Metolachlor ...............................................................
Sethoxydim ...................................................................
Trifluralin .......................................................................

12
15
19
50
29
80
48
18
25
19

2
2
2
2
(Z)
2
2
5
3
3

7
2
9
4
6
2
8
17
17
6

8
3
7
5
6
3
9
22
17
4

Insecticides
Acephate ......................................................................
Bifenthrin ......................................................................
Esfenvalerate ...............................................................

36
17
16

5
10
3

4
5
8

6
14
9

Fungicides
Boscalid ........................................................................
Copper hydroxide .........................................................
Iprodione ......................................................................
Thiophanate-methyl .....................................................

27
31
6
13

1
5
3
13

9
5
3
4

9
7
3
11

(Z) Less than half of the unit shown.

Agricultural Chemical Usage - Vegetables Methodology and Quality Measures (July 2011)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Squash: Agricultural Chemical Distribution Table – Program States: 2010
Active ingredient

Percent of acres
treated

Number of
applications

Rate per
application

Rate per crop
year

(CV percent)

47
29
85

2
1
25

37
18
13

38
18
35

92
81
115
57
103
98
63

67
36
72
51
83
56
36

15
27
25
13
71
60
14

77
46
51
53
39
37
43

Fungicides
Azoxystrobin .................................................................
Chlorothalonil ................................................................
Copper hydroxide .........................................................
Cymoxanil .....................................................................
Famoxadone .................................................................
Mancozeb .....................................................................
Myclobutanil ..................................................................
Propamocarb hydrochloride .........................................
Pyraclostrobin ...............................................................

98
28
51
80
80
81
83
81
71

25
33
26
95
96
44
43
22
118

7
26
27
3
3
36
38
16
126

27
55
44
95
96
69
31
33
35

Strawberries: Agricultural Chemical Distribution Table – Program States: 2010
Active ingredient

Percent of acres
treated

Number of
applications

Rate per
application

Rate per crop
year

(CV percent)

Insecticides
Abamectin .....................................................................
Acetamiprid ...................................................................
Bifenazate .....................................................................
Bifenthrin .......................................................................
Malathion ......................................................................
Naled .............................................................................
Spinetoram-J ................................................................
Spinetoram-L ................................................................

27
43
21
20
28
23
58
58

42
44
9
32
38
23
16
16

25
8
5
30
32
15
75
5

46
41
11
33
43
14
64
16

Fungicides
Boscalid ........................................................................
Captan ..........................................................................
Cyprodinil ......................................................................
Fenhexamid ..................................................................
Fludioxonil ....................................................................
Myclobutanil ..................................................................
Pyraclostrobin ...............................................................
Pyrimethanil ..................................................................
Sulfur .............................................................................
Thiophanate-methyl .....................................................
Thiram ...........................................................................

23
13
23
20
23
21
19
31
24
39
23

9
21
35
38
35
24
15
23
19
44
22

5
12
7
20
7
9
65
27
26
44
10

10
21
39
22
39
31
55
48
40
13
22

Other Chemicals
Chloropicrin ..................................................................

Agricultural Chemical Usage - Vegetables Methodology and Quality Measures (July 2011)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Sweet Corn, Fresh: Agricultural Chemical Distribution Table – Program States: 2010
Active ingredient

Percent of acres
treated

Number of
applications

Rate per
application

Rate per crop
year

(CV percent)

Herbicides
Alachlor ........................................................................
Atrazine ........................................................................
Bentazon ......................................................................
Glyphosate iso. salt ......................................................
Mesotrione ....................................................................
Pendimethalin ..............................................................
S-Metolachlor ...............................................................
Topramezone ...............................................................

54
28
34
73
25
64
32
79

0
5
5
37
23
22
5
(Z)

17
7
9
19
20
21
13
16

17
8
10
50
25
19
15
16

Insecticides
Binfenthrin ....................................................................
Carbaryl ........................................................................
Chlorpyrifos ..................................................................
Cyfluthrin ......................................................................
Esfenvalerate ...............................................................
Lambda-cyhalothrin .....................................................
Methomyl ......................................................................
Permethrin ....................................................................
Thiodicarb .....................................................................
Zeta-cypermethrin ........................................................

59
17
33
32
66
25
9
25
13
43

39
6
24
53
35
38
35
16
36
90

27
7
24
40
13
5
10
21
9
44

48
8
30
25
37
37
39
23
29
58

Fungicides
Propiconazole ..............................................................

(Z) Less than half of the unit shown.

Sweet Corn, Processing: Agricultural Chemical Distribution Table – Program States: 2010
Active ingredient

Percent of acres
treated

Number of
applications

Rate per
application

Rate per crop
year

(CV percent)

Herbicides
Acetochlor ....................................................................
Atrazine ........................................................................
Dimethenamid-P ..........................................................
Mesotrione ....................................................................
S-Metolachlor ...............................................................
Tembotrione .................................................................
Topramezone ...............................................................

33
5
38
37
13
17
27

3
5
1
2
3
1
3

7
4
4
19
6
2
3

8
8
5
19
6
2
5

Insecticides
Bifenthrin ......................................................................
Lambda-cyhalothrin .....................................................

6
17

6
18

2
10

5
17

Fungicides
Azoxystrobin .................................................................
Propiconazole ..............................................................
Tebuconazole ...............................................................

19
22
22

7
3
7

5
3
2

9
5
8

Agricultural Chemical Usage - Vegetables Methodology and Quality Measures (July 2011)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Tomatoes, Fresh: Agricultural Chemical Distribution Table – Program States: 2010
Active ingredient

Percent of acres
treated

Number of
applications

Rate per
application

Rate per crop
year

(CV percent)

Herbicides
Metribuzin .....................................................................
Paraquat .......................................................................
S-Metolachlor ...............................................................

31
40
29

14
24
3

23
24
10

29
19
12

Insecticides
Bifenthrin .......................................................................
Carbaryl ........................................................................
Chlorantraniliprole ........................................................
Dimethoate ...................................................................
Endosulfan ....................................................................
Esfenvalerate ................................................................
Imidacloprid ..................................................................
Lambda-cyhalothrin ......................................................
Methomyl ......................................................................
Spinetoram-J ................................................................
Spinetoram-L ................................................................

57
96
22
37
29
28
25
69
32
31
31

55
51
26
45
37
45
12
22
25
43
43

41
61
94
9
23
14
13
18
17
8
8

85
64
110
52
29
56
11
20
24
49
49

Fungicides
Azoxystrobin .................................................................
Chlorothalonil ................................................................
Copper hydroxide .........................................................
Cymoxanil .....................................................................
Famoxadone .................................................................
Mancozeb .....................................................................
Pyraclostrobin ...............................................................

23
15
11
35
35
14
41

41
23
32
27
28
26
23

9
16
19
20
18
15
39

44
14
27
26
23
25
38

Tomatoes, Processing: Agricultural Chemical Distribution Table – Program States: 2010
Active ingredient

Percent of acres
treated

Number of
applications

Rate per
application

Rate per crop
year

(CV percent)

Herbicides
Glyphosate iso. salt ......................................................
Rimsulfuron ..................................................................
S-Metolachlor ...............................................................
Trifluralin .......................................................................

41
78
39
36

19
61
28
27

2
11
4
8

20
71
28
21

Insecticides
Dimethoate ...................................................................

Fungicides
Chlorothalonil ................................................................
Copper hydroxide .........................................................
Myclobutanil ..................................................................
Sulfur .............................................................................

44
24
20
35

35
41
53
22

2
38
(Z)
9

34
29
53
27

(Z) Less than half of the unit shown.

Agricultural Chemical Usage - Vegetables Methodology and Quality Measures (July 2011)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Watermelons: Agricultural Chemical Distribution Table – Program States: 2010
Active ingredient

Percent of acres
treated

Number of
applications

Rate per
application

Rate per crop
year

(CV percent)

Herbicides
Ethalfluralin ...................................................................
Glyphosate iso. salt ......................................................

24
38

9
29

19
25

11
30

Insecticides
Esfenvalerate ...............................................................

34
31
10
31
12
26
22

51
18
6
35
16
14
35

12
10
5
16
16
36
36

51
23
9
48
12
34
33

Agricultural Chemical Usage - Vegetables Methodology and Quality Measures (July 2011)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Information Contacts
Process

Unit

Estimation .......................................... Environmental, Economics, and
Demographics Branch...........................................
Data Collection .................................. Program Administration Branch ............................
Questionnaires and Editing ............... Editing and Questionnaire Branch ........................
Sampling ............................................ Survey Sampling Branch ......................................
Analysis and Estimators .................... Statistical Methods Branch ...................................
Dissemination and Webmaster ......... Data Dissemination Section ..................................
Media Contact ................................... Public Affairs Section ............................................

Telephone
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(202)
(202)
(202)
(202)

720-6146
690-8747
720-6201
720-3895
720-4008
720-7017
720-7017

Email
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Agricultural Chemical Usage - Vegetables Methodology and Quality Measures (July 2011)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

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File Modified	2011-08-12
File Created	2011-08-12