Development of CDC's Act Against AIDS Social Marketing Campaigns Targeting Consumers

Formative Research and Tool Development

Att 2p Paper Pencil - HIV Testing

Development of CDC's Act Against AIDS Social Marketing Campaigns Targeting Consumers

OMB: 0920-0840

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Form Approved

OMB No. 0920-0840

Exp. Date 02/29/2016









Submission 0920-13ABP under

0920-0840 Formative Research and Tool Development




Attachment 2p: Paper and Pencil- HIV Testing

Survey Instrument















Public reporting burden of this collection of information is estimated to average 15 minutes per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. An agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to a collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB control number. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden to CDC/ATSDR Information Collection Review Office, 1600 Clifton Road NE, MS D-74, Atlanta, Georgia 30333; ATTN: PRA (0920-0840).


Attachment 2p: Paper and Pencil- HIV Testing



CASE ID_____________



PARTICIPANT SURVEY

We are interested in your opinions about HIV testing. We would also like to get some additional information about you. If you’re not sure, choose an answer that comes closest to what you think might be true for each question. Please remember that your answers are private. You can choose not to answer any question and can stop at any time. When you are finished with the survey, please place it in the envelope.



Demographics

1. How old are you?

Age__________

a. Refuse to answer

2. What is your gender?

a. Male

b. Female

c. Transgender or Transsexual

d. Other [Specify: ] [Terminate]

e. Don’t know [Terminate]

f. Refuse to answer [Terminate]



What was your sex at birth?

1 Male

2 Female

3 Intersex/ambiguous

9 Refused to answer



Do you consider yourself to be male, female, or transgender?

1 Male

2 Female

3 Transgender or two-spirited

9 Refused to answer



Are you Hispanic or Latino/a

a. ____No

b. ____Yes

c. Prefer not to answer


What is your race? (One or more categories may be selected)

a. ____White

b. ____Black or African American

c. ____American Indian or Alaska Native

d. ____Asian

e. ____Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander

f. Prefer not to answer

In what country or territory were you born?

1 United States [SKIP TO S7]

2 Puerto Rico

3 Mexico

4 Cuba

5 Other (Specify: )

9 Refused to answer

How many years have you been living in the United States? (If less than one year, put a 0 in the space.)

years

What language are you most comfortable using with your family and friends?

1 English

2 Spanish

3 English and Spanish equally

4 Other (Specify: )

9 Refused to answer



5. What is the highest grade or year of school you finished?

a. Never attended school or only attended kindergarten

b. Grades 1 through 8 (elementary)

c. Grades 9 through 11 (some high school)

d. Grade 12 or GED (high school graduate)

e. College 1 year to 3 years (some college or technical school)

f. College 4 years or more (college graduate)

g. Refuse to answer

6. Which best describes your total personal income during the past year?

a. Less than $20,000

b. $21,000 to $30,000

c. $31,000 to $40,000

d. $41,000 to $50,000

e. $51,000 or more

f. Refuse to answer

7. Which do you consider yourself to be?

a. Gay, lesbian, homosexual, or same gender loving

b. Bisexual or two spirited

c. Straight or heterosexual

d. Other [Specify: ]

e. None of the above/unsure

f. Refuse to answer





8. What is your current relationship status? Are you…?

a. [Single]

b. [Married to a man]

c. [Married to a woman]

d. [In a relationship with a man]

e. [In a relationship with a woman]

f. [Divorced or widowed]

g. Refuse to answer

9. In what ZIP code do you currently live? _________

10. Before being contacted for this study, had you ever heard of CDC or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention?

a. Yes

b. No

e. Refuse to answer



Sources of Information

The first set of questions asks about how you may get certain kinds of information.

11. Please tell us whether you’d be interested in getting information about HIV testing from each of the following sources. [MARK ALL THAT APPLY]


Yes

No

a. Community health clinic

b. Doctor’s office

c. Church

d. Health fair

e. Work

f. Sporting event

g. Night club

h. [Gay bookstore]

i. Coffee shop

j. Clothing store

k. Health club or gym

l. [Choirs or choruses]

m. Shopping malls

n. [Black pride events]

o. [Circuit Parties (Sizzle Miami, Houston Splash, Oasis, Datboi Spring Fling Las Vegas, Fire Island Black Out, St. At Large)]

p. [Balls]

q. [Sex shops]

r. [Bath houses]

s. [Clubs/party promoters (Men are from Mars, Wassup N ATL)]

t. [Gay newspaper]


12. Do you use the Internet?

a. Yes

b. No (Skip to Question 16)





Imagine you are looking online for information about where to find an HIV test near you. Your search revealed the following websites. Which would you be most likely to visit?


Very Unlikely

Some-what Likely

Neither Unlikely or Likely

Some-what Likely

Very Likely

Refuse to Answer

a. AIDS.gov

1

2

3

4

5

9

b. HIVtest.org

1

2

3

4

5

9

c. ActAgainstAIDS.org

1

2

3

4

5

9

d. Other ( )

1

2

3

4

5

9



15. How often do you visit the following Web sites?


Daily

2 -5 Times a week

Once a week

2-3 Times a month

Once a month

Less than once a month

Never

a. Facebook (www.facebook.com)

b. Myspace (www.myspace.com)

c. YouTube (www.youtube.com)

d. [insert]

e. [insert]

f. [insert]

g. [insert]

h. [insert]

i. [insert]

j. [insert]

k. Other: [Specify:___________]

l. Other: [Specify:___________]


Are there other websites or mobile services that you use on a daily basis?


Please tell us if you agree or disagree with the following statement: I trust the CDC as the source of this information.

1 Strongly disagree

2 Disagree

3 Neither disagree nor agree

4 Agree

5 Strongly Agree

9 Refuse to answer


16.

Behaviors

These next few questions are about your personal behaviors, including sexual activity. Please remember that your answers are kept private.

Sexual Activity

21.

25. Did you have [oral/vaginal/anal sex] with any of your [female/male] partner(s) in the past [INSERT TIME FRAME]?

a. Yes

b. No

c. Refuse to answer


26. When you had [oral/vaginal/anal] sex with your [female/male] partner(s) in the past [INSERT TIME FRAME], how often did you and your partner use a condom?

a. Never used a condom

b. Occasionally used a condom

c. Usually used a condom

d. Always used a condom

e. Refuse to answer

27. In the past [INSERT TIME FRAME], did you ever, even one time, have sex without a condom?

a. Yes

b. No

d. Refuse to answer

Sexual Partners

28. Do you currently have a main sex partner—that is, a partner you would call your spouse, significant other, or life partner?

a. Yes

b. No

c. Refuse to answer

29.

30. Is your main partner male, female, or transgender?

a. Male

b. Female

c. Transgender

d. Refuse to answer

31. What is your main partner’s HIV status?

a. My main partner is HIV negative

b. My main partner is HIV positive

c. My main partner has not been tested for HIV

d. My main partner has not told me his or her HIV status

e. Refuse to answer



Why did you think that they were this status? (CHECK ALL THAT APPLY)

1 They told me explicitly

2 I guessed based on other things they talked about

3 Someone else told me

4 By their appearance

5 We got tested together [ERROR CHECK IF Q24=3]

6 I saw their results [ERROR CHECK IF Q24=3]

7 I went with them to get their results [ERROR CHECK IF Q19=3]

8 Other (Specify: )

9 Refuse to answer



32. Does your main partner know your HIV status?

a. Yes

b. No

c. Refuse to answer



Thinking about your main male sex partner, do you consider him to be at low, medium or high risk for getting HIV? [IF Q8=2 (POSITIVE), SKIP]

1 Low risk

2 Medium risk

3 High risk

9 Refuse to answer



Some couples develop agreements about whether, when, and with whom sex outside the relationship is okay.  Which one of the following scenarios best describes any agreements that you and your main partner have?

1 Both of us cannot have any sex with an outside partner

2 We can have sex with outside partners but with some restrictions

3 We can have sex with outside partners without any restrictions

4 We do not have an agreement

9 Refuse to answer




33. In the past 12 months, how many non-main partners – that is, somebody who you did not consider to be a spouse, significant other, or life partner – did you have oral, vaginal, or anal sex with?

a. 0

b. 1-5

c. 6-10

d. 11-15

e. 16-20

f. Over 20

g. Refuse to answer



How often did you and your last non-main male sex partner use condoms for anal sex?

1 Never

2 Occasionally

3 Usually

4 Always

9 Refuse to answer



What is your last non-main male sex partner’s HIV status?

1 He is HIV negative

2 He is HIV positive

3 He has not been tested for HIV

4 He has not told me his or her HIV status [SKIP TO Q25]

9 Refuse to answer [SKIP TO Q25]

Why did you think that he was this status? (CHECK ALL THAT APPLY)

1 He told me explicitly

2 I guessed based on other things he talked about

3 Someone else told me

4 By his appearance

5 We got tested together [ERROR CHECK IF Q23=3]

6 I saw his results [ERROR CHECK IF Q23=3]

7 I went with him to get his results [ERROR CHECK IF Q23=3]

8 Other (Specify: )

9 Refuse to answer

Thinking about your last non-main male sex partner, do you consider him to be at low, medium or high risk for getting HIV? [IF Q23=2 (POSITIVE), SKIP Q25]

1 Low risk

2 Medium risk

3 High risk

9 Refuse to answer





34. Did you have unprotected [vaginal/anal] sex with any [female/male] partners in the past 12 months whose HIV status you didn’t know? By unprotected sex, I mean [oral/vaginal/anal] sex when you or your partner didn’t use a condom.

a. Yes

b. No

c. Refuse to answer

35. Did you have unprotected [vaginal/anal] sex with any [female/male] partners in the past 12 months who you knew or thought to be HIV positive? By unprotected sex, I mean [oral/vaginal/anal] sex when you or your partner didn’t use a condom.

a. Yes

b. No

c. Refuse to answer

36.





In the past 12 months, how often did you look for male sexual partners with same HIV status as you?

1 Never

2 Occasionally

3 Usually

4 Always

9 Refuse to answer


In the past 12 months, how often did use your HIV status and your male partner’s HIV status to determine which sexual roles (i.e., insertive/top or receptive/bottom) and activities (i.e., oral and anal intercourse) you would engage in?

1 Never

2 Occasionally

3 Usually

4 Always

9 Refuse to answer



In the past 12 months, how often have you had unprotected anal sex with a male partner … (By unprotected anal sex, we mean any anal sex without a condom).


Never

Occasionally

Usually

Always

Refuse to Answer

a. Who you knew or thought was HIV positive?

1

2

3

4

9

b. Whose HIV status you did not know

1

2

3

4

9



During the past 12 months how many times did you get an HIV test?

NUMBER __________

9 Refuse to answer

How sure are you that you could get an HIV test if:


Very Sure I Could Not

Some-what

Sure I Could Not

Neither Unsure or Sure I Could

Some-what Sure I Could

Very Sure I Could

Refuse to Answer

a. You could find a free testing site online that is near you

1

2

3

4

5

9

b. You knew your results would be kept confidential

1

2

3

4

5

9

c. You had to travel far to find a free testing site

1

2

3

4

5

9

d. You could find an HIV test provider that speaks your language, e.g., English, Spanish

1

2

3

4

5

9

e. You could find an HIV test provider that has interpreter/translation services

1

2

3

4

5

9

f. You could find a provider that looks like you

1

2

3

4

5

9






[Positive Attitudes toward Talking about HIV]


Strongly Disagree

Disagree

Neither Disagree nor Agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Refuse to Answer

  1. It is important to talk about HIV with your main sex partner, like a boyfriend, significant other, or spouse.

1

2

3

4

5

9

  1. I am confident that I can talk to my main sex partner about HIV.

1

2

3

4


5

9

  1. It is important to talk about HIV with your non-main male sex partners.

1

2

3

4


5

9

  1. It is important to talk about HIV with your family.

1

2

3

4


5

9

  1. I am confident that I can talk to my family about HIV.

1

2

3

4


5

9

  1. It is important to talk about HIV with your friends.

1

2

3

4


5

9

  1. I am confident that I can talk to my friends about HIV.

1

2

3

4


5

9

  1. It is important to talk about HIV with your health care provider.

1

2

3

4


5

9

  1. I am confident that I can talk to my health care provider about HIV.

1

2

3

4


5

9



[Sexual Orientation and Discrimination]

Have you ever told anyone that you are attracted to or have sex with men?

1 No

2 Yes

9 Refuse to answer

Which of the following people have you told that you are attracted to or have sex with men?


Yes

No

Refuse to Answer

a. Gay, lesbian, or bisexual friends

1

2

9

b. Friends who are not gay, lesbian, or bisexual

1

2

9

c. Family members

1

2

9

d. Health care providers

1

2

9

e. A religious or spiritual leader such as a priest or minister

1

2

9


During the past 12 months, how often have any of the following things happened to you because someone knew or assumed you were attracted to men?


Never

Occasionally

Usually

Always

Refuse to Answer

a. You were called names or insulted

1

2

3

4

9

b. You received poorer services than other people in restaurants, stores, other businesses or agencies

1

2

3

4

9

c. You were treated unfairly at work or school

1

2

3

4

9

d. You were denied or given lower quality health care

1

2

3

4

9

e. You were physically attacked or injured

1

2

3

4

9


How strongly do you agree or disagree with the following statement: “Most people in the neighborhood where I live are tolerant of gays and bisexuals.”

1 Strongly disagree

2 Disagree

3 Neither disagree nor agree

4 Agree

5 Strongly agree

9 Refuse to answer




Risk

  1. Thinking about the sex you’ve had over the past (insert time frame), do you consider yourself to be high, medium or low risk for [getting or giving] HIV?

a. Low risk

b. Medium risk

c. High risk

d. Refuse to answer

  1. If you don’t change any HIV-related behaviors what is your chance of getting HIV disease in the next (insert time period here)?

a. 0-24% or have little to no chance of getting it

b. 25-49% or have some chance of getting it

c. 50% or have equal chance of getting it or not getting it

d. 51-74% or have a good chance of getting it

e. 75-100% or it is likely that I will get it

f. Refuse to answer

HIV Testing

43. Have you ever been tested for HIV?

a. Yes

b. No

c. Don’t know

d. Refuse to answer

44. When was your last HIV test?

  1. 0–2 months ago

  2. 3–6 months ago

  3. 7–12 months ago

  4. More than 12 months ago

  5. Don’t know

  6. Refuse to answer

45. How often do you get an HIV test?

a. Every 0-2 months

b. Every 3-6 months

c. Every 7-12 months

d. Less often than once a year

e. Other [Specify: ]

f. Don’t know

g. Refuse to answer

46. When should you get an HIV test after having unprotected sex [with a woman/man]?

a. [0–2 months after having unprotected sex]

b. [3–6 months after having unprotected sex]

c. [7–12 months after having unprotected sex]

d. [More than 12 months after having unprotected sex]

e. [When you start to feel sick]

f. Refuse to answer

47. Where did you have your last HIV test?

a. Private doctor

b. STD or AIDS clinic or testing site

c. Hospital or emergency room

d. Public health department

e. Community health center

f. At home

g. Drug treatment facility

h. Other location

i. Don’t know

j. Refuse to answer

48. Which of these are the main reasons for your last HIV test? Please select one or more of the following reasons. [MARK ALL THAT APPLY.]

a. It just seemed like a good idea

b. It’s something you do every year

c. Just to find out

d. Worried that you are infected

e. A doctor, nurse, or other health care provider asked you to

f. The health department asked you to

g. Your sex partner asked you to

h. Because of pregnancy

i. To get birth control

j. You found out your sex partner cheated

k. Already had an STD

l. You were starting a new relationship

m. You get tested during your yearly exam

n. A family member or friend was diagnosed with HIV

o. Other reason [Specify:__________]

p. Don’t know

q. Refuse to answer

49. Where can you get an HIV test?

a. HIV counseling and testing site

b. STD clinic

c. Hospital

d. Community health clinic

e. Private physician office

f. Drug treatment program

g. Correctional facility (jail or prison)

h. Military

i. Other [Specify: ]

j. Don’t know

k. Refuse to answer

50. Do you get an HIV test after any situation when you think you might have been exposed to HIV?

a. Yes

b. No

c. Don’t know

d. Refuse to answer

51. Below is a list of reasons why some people have not been tested for HIV. Which of these are the main reasons why you have not been tested? Please select one or more of the following reasons. [MARK ALL THAT APPLY.]

a. You have not been sexually active

b. Your doctor never recommended it

c. You have not had unprotected sex

d. You were afraid to find out if you were HIV positive

e. You didn’t want to think about HIV or about being HIV positive

f. You didn’t think you were at risk of being HIV positive

g. You don’t like needles or giving blood

h. You don’t trust the results to be kept private

i. You had to wait too long for the results

j. You didn’t know where to get tested

k. You trust your sex partner

l. You don’t care about the results

m. You are worried about being labeled as HIV positive

n. Some other reason [Specify:__________]

o. Don’t know

p. Refuse to answer


52. Which of these are the main reasons for your last HIV test? Please select one or more of the following reasons. [MARK ALL THAT APPLY.]

a. It just seemed like a good idea

b. It’s something you do every year

c. Just to find out

d. Worried that you are infected

e. A doctor, nurse, or other health care provider asked you to

f. The health department asked you to

g. Your sex partner asked you to

h. Because of pregnancy

i. To get birth control

j. You found out your sex partner cheated

k. Already had an STD

l. You were starting a new relationship

m. You get tested during your yearly exam

n. A family member or friend was diagnosed with HIV

o. Other reason [Specify:__________]

p. Don’t know

q. Refuse to answer



The next question is about the result of your HIV test. What was the result of your most recent HIV test?

1 I tested positive for HIV [GO TO S11a]

2 I tested negative for HIV [GO TO S11b]

3 My results were unclear / Don’t Know [GO TO S11b]

4 I never got my results [GO TO S11b]

9 Decline to answer [TERMINATE AND GO TO CLOSING]

[IF POSITIVE] When did you first test positive? DATE (mm/yy):__________

9 Decline to answer

[IF NEGATIVE] When was your last HIV test?

1 Within past 1-2 months

2 Between 3-6 months ago

3 Between 7-12 months ago

4 Between 1-3 years ago

5 More than 3 years ago

9 Decline to answer


[FOR HIV-NEGATIVE MEN ONLY. IF S11=1, SKIP Q42—Q52]

[HIV TESTING: Norms & Attitudes/Perceived & Actual Knowledge/Self-Efficacy]


Strongly Disagree

Disagree

Neither Disagree nor Agree

Agree

Strongly Agree

Refuse to Answer

  1. Most people who are important to me think I should get an HIV test. By important to me, we mean people like friends, family, and anyone else who is an important part of your life.

1

2

3

4

5

9

  1. Most of my sex partners get tested for HIV.

1

2

3

4

5

9

  1. Most gay or bisexual men I know get tested for HIV.

1

2

3

4

5

9

  1. Getting an HIV test is expensive.

1

2

3

4

5

9

  1. Getting an HIV test is inconvenient.

1

2

3

4

5

9

  1. Getting an HIV test allows me to have unprotected sex with partners who are the same HIV status as me

1

2

3

4

5

9

  1. People who are important to me would think less of me if they found out I had been tested for HIV.

1

2

3

4

5

9

  1. It is important for my health to get an HIV test (or know my status)

1

2

3

4

5

9

  1. I intend to get an HIV test within the next 6 months.

1

2

3

4

5

9




HIV Testing Behavioral Intentions

53. How likely is it that you will get tested for HIV in the next [12] months?

a. Very likely

b. Somewhat likely

c. Neither likely or unlikely

d. Somewhat unlikely

e. Very unlikely

HIV Testing Norms, Attitudes and Beliefs

54. On a scale from 1 to 6, where 1 is extremely bad and 6 is extremely good, how would you rate getting tested for HIV at least every [12] months?

Extremely Bad
1

2

3

4

5

Extremely Good
6


55. On a scale from 1 to 6, where 1 is extremely harmful and 6 is extremely beneficial, how would you rate getting an HIV test at least every [12] months?

Extremely Harmful
1

2

3

4

5

Extremely Beneficial
6


56. How sure are you that you could get an HIV test at least every [12] months if…


Very sure I could not

Somewhat sure I could not

Slightly sure I could

Somewhat sure I could

Very sure I could

a. you wanted to get an HIV test at least every [12] months?

b. you could find a free testing site?

c. you had to travel far to find a free testing site?

d. you could get the results of your HIV test within 20 minutes?

e. you knew that your results would be kept confidential?


57. Please tell us how much you disagree or agree with each of the following statements.


Strongly disagree

Disagree

Neither disagree or agree

Agree

Strongly agree

a. Most people who are important to me think I should get tested for HIV at least every [12] months. By important to me, we mean people like friends, family, and anyone else who is an important part of your life.

b. Most of my sexual partners get tested for HIV at least every [12] months.

c. Most [men/women] I know get tested for HIV at least every [12] months.


58. Please tell us how much you disagree or agree with each of the following statements: “Getting tested at least every [12] months….”


Strongly disagree

Disagree

Neither disagree or agree

Agree

Strongly agree

a. is expensive.

b. reassures me that I can get into treatment early if I test positive.

c. is inconvenient.

d. allows me to have unprotected sex with partners who are HIV negative.


59. How often do you think someone should get tested for HIV if they…


Every
1–2 months

Every
3–6 months

Every
7–12 months

Every couple of years

Don’t know

a. Always have sex with a condom

b. Have had [vaginal/anal] sex without a condom

c. Have a sex partner who is HIV positive

d. Have unprotected [anal/vaginal/oral] sex with a partner whose HIV status they don’t know

e. Have had more than one sex partner since their last HIV test

f. Exchange sex for drugs


Positive Attitudes toward Talking about HIV with Partners, Peers, and Family

60. It is important to talk about [HIV testing].

a. Strongly disagree

b. Disagree

c. Neither disagree nor agree

d. Agree

e. Strongly agree

f. Refuse to answer

61. It is important to talk about [HIV testing] with [INSERT].

a. Strongly disagree

b. Disagree

c. Neither disagree nor agree

d. Agree

e. Strongly agree

f. Refuse to answer


62. I am confident that I can talk to [INSERT] about [HIV testing].

a. Strongly disagree

b. Disagree

c. Neither disagree nor agree

d. Agree

e. Strongly agree

f. Refuse to answer

IDENTITY and Discrimination

This next set of questions asks about how you identify in terms of race and sexual orientation. Some of the questions also ask about your experiences with how others have reacted to your race and/or sexual orientation.

63. Please tell us how much you disagree or agree with each of the following statements.


Do not agree at all
1

2

3

4

5

6

Agree Completely
7

a. I feel good about being a [insert race/ethnicity/sexual orientation].

b. I often regret that I am a [insert race/ethnicity/gender]

c. In general, I am glad to be a [insert race/ethnicity/sexual orientation]

d. Overall, I often do not like being a [insert race/ethnicity/sexual orientation]

e. Being a [insert race/ethnicity/sexual orientation] is important to me

f. If someone says something bad about [insert race/ethnicity/sexual orientation]they say something bad about me


64.

65.

The End

Thank you for answering these questions. Please place the survey in the envelope provided. Give the survey and your consent form to the interviewer when you go into the interview room. The interviewer will not see your responses to these questions.


27


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