Form NAHMS 320 NAHMS 320 Bison 2014 Study

National Animal Health Monitoring System

2150 Centre Ave.,

Bldg. B, MS 2E7

Fort Collins, CO 80526

Form Approved

OMB Number 0579-xxxx

Approval expires:

B

Animal and Plant Health

Inspection Service

Veterinary Services

ison 2014 Study

Your participation in this survey will provide valuable information about management practices of the bison industry. Participation is voluntary and confidential, and the information you provide will not be reported on an individual level. The information will be summarized and reported on a regional and national basis only. We estimate that this survey will take approximately 30 minutes to complete To ensure your privacy, please do not put your name or other identification on this form.

Today’s date: ____/____/______

Section 1. Inventory

For the purposes of this study, an “operation” is defined as a group of ranched or farmed bison under common ownership and managed on one or more locations. For example, an operation might consist of a bison cow-calf operation at one location with a bison feedlot or grazing pastures at a separate location.

1. From June 1, 2013, through May 31, 2014, were any ranched or

farmed bison on this operation, regardless of ownership? ₁ Yes ₃ No

[If question 1 = No, SKIP to section 9, p xx.]

2. From June 1, 2013, through May 31, 2014, did this operation have

ranched bison at more than one location? ₁ Yes ₃ No

3. On June 1, 2014, what was the inventory of bison on this operation?

Bison	Number bison more than 3 years old	Number bison 1 to 3 years old	Number bison calves (less than 1 year old)	Total
Females
Males
Total

4. Of the total bison on the operation on June 1, 2014 (number contained in the

double-bordered box above), how many were known to be bison-cattle hybrids? _____ #

5. From June 1, 2013, through May 31, 2014, how many bison were permanently introduced

onto this operation from the following sources? [Enter zero if no bison were introduced.]

Source	Number bison 1 year and older	Number bison calves (less than 1 year old)
Private sale
Trade
Auction/sale barn
Dealer
Other (specify: )
Total

6. From June 1, 2013, through May 31, 2014, were any bison

permanently removed from the operation? ₁ Yes ₃ No

[If question 6 = No, SKIP to question 10.]

7. From June 1, 2013, through May 31, 2014, how many bison permanently left the operation
or were removed from the operation (including culls) by the following methods?

Method of removal	Number bison 1 year and older	Number bison calves (less than 1 year)
Private sale—onsite hunting
Private sale—for meat or other products
Private sale—for breeding stock
Traded or given away
Direct to feedlot
Direct to slaughter/packer
Sold at auction/sale barn
Sold to dealers
Lost or stolen
Other (specify: )
Total

8. If any animals were sold direct to slaughter from June 1, 2013,

through May 31, 2014, what was the average age and weight

of the bison when they were sent to slaughter? _____ AND _____

Age (months) Weight (lb)

9. From June 1, 2013, through May 31, 2014, did you use mobile units

to slaughter any bison on the operation? ₁ Yes ₃ No

10. From June 1, 2013, through May 31, 2014, did any bison on

this operation die from natural causes or were any euthanized

(exclude hunter killed or slaughtered animals)? ₁ Yes ₃ No

[If question 10 = No, SKIP to section 2.]

8. From June 1, 2013, through May 31, 2014, how many bison died from natural causes?

Cause of death	Number bison more than 3 years old	Number bison 1 o 3 years old	Number bison calves (less than 1 year old)
a. Mycoplasma bovis (confirmed)
b. Other respiratory illness/pneumonia
c. Digestive illness
d. Neurologic disorder
e. Handling related
f. Predation
g. Trauma (not related to predation or handling)
h. Lightning/weather related
i. Other (specify: __________________)
j. Unknown
Total

Section 2. Operation Management

1. From June 1, 2013, through May 31, 2014, was this operation involved in the

following segments of the bison industry?

a. Commercial cow-calf producer (produced offspring intended for meat market) ₁ Yes ₃ No

b. Seedstock producer (produced offspring intended for breeding purposes) ₁ Yes ₃ No

c. Feedlot ₁ Yes ₃ No

d. Backgrounder/stocker (prepared young bison for a feedlot) ₁ Yes ₃ No

e. Game ranch/hunting ₁ Yes ₃ No

f. Preparation/sale of byproducts (e.g., hides, skulls, horns, hair, etc.) ₁ Yes ₃ No

g. Conservation ₁ Yes ₃ No

h. Hobby/pasture pet ₁ Yes ₃ No

i. Tourism ₁ Yes ₃ No

j. Other (specify: ____________________) ₁ Yes ₃ No

2. If you selected Yes for more than one option in question 1, which segment

of the industry do you consider to be this operation’s primary activity?

[Enter one letter, a through j.] _____

3. Does this operation use specific practices to target the following

marketing channels for its bison or products?

a. Genetics-based program ……………….. o₁ Yes o₃ No

b. Conventional o₁ Yes o₃ No

c. Natural o₁ Yes o₃ No

d. Grass-fed o₁ Yes o₃ No

e. Certified organic calf production (operation certified by USDA) o₁ Yes o₃ No

f. Other (specify: __________________________________)……………. o₁ Yes o₃ No

4. How many years have ranched bison been raised at this location? _____ years

5. Which of the following best describes plans for the bison herd

on this operation over the next year? [Check one only.]

o₁ Increase herd size by more than 10 percent

o₂ Maintain same herd size (within 10 percent)

o₃ Decrease herd size by more than 10 percent

o₄ Get out of the business

6. From June 1, 2013, though May 31, 2014, were the following records

maintained (computer or handwritten) for this operation?

a. Purchases and sales o₁ Yes o₃ No

b. Breeding o₁ Yes o₃ No

c. Health o₁ Yes o₃ No

d. Pasture/natural resource conditions o₁ Yes o₃ No

e. Other (specify: ___________________________) o₁ Yes o₃ No

7. What percentage of this operation’s June 1, 2014, bison inventory (p 1)

had some type of individual animal identification? (0% to 100%) _____ %

[If question 7 = zero, SKIP to section 9.]

8. From June 1, 2013, through May 31, 2014, what percentage of this operation’s

bison were individually identified by the following methods? (0% to 100%)

a. Plastic ear tag _____ %

b. Brucellosis vaccination ear tag (Bang’s tag) _____ %

c. Other metal ear tag _____ %

d. Electronic ear tag _____ %

e. Electronic implant/microchip _____ %

f. Tattoo/freeze brand _____ %

g. Other (specify: _______________________) _____ %

9. From June 1, 2013, through May 31, 2014, did this operation use

the following types of fencing to confine bison; if Yes, what was the

approximate height of each type?

If Yes, approx.

height (feet)

a. Barbed wire o₁ Yes o₃ No _______

b. High-tensile wire o₁ Yes o₃ No _______

c. Woven wire o₁ Yes o₃ No _______

d. Electric o₁ Yes o₃ No _______

e. Steel pipe o₁ Yes o₃ No _______

f. Wood o₁ Yes o₃ No _______

g. Other (specify: __________________) o₁ Yes o₃ No _______

10. From June 1, 2013, through May 31, 2014, were any

ranched bison confined in double fencing? o₁ Yes o₃ No

11. Does this operation have facilities for handling/processing ranched bison? ₁ Yes ₃ No

If Yes, were these facilities designed specifically for handling bison? ₁ Yes ₃ No

12. From June 1, 2013, through May 31, 2014, did this operation

round up any of its bison? o₁ Yes o₃ No

[If question 12 = No, SKIP to section 3.]

13. For the last time this operation rounded up any bison, were they

rounded up for the following reasons?

a. Vaccination o₁ Yes o₃ No

b. Weaning o₁ Yes o₃ No

c. Separation for slaughter o₁ Yes o₃ No

d. Deworming o₁ Yes o₃ No

e. Veterinary need o₁ Yes o₃ No

f. Pregnancy checking o₁ Yes o₃ No

g. Movement/transport o₁ Yes o₃ No

h. Disease testing o₁ Yes o₃ No

i. Other (specify___________________________________) o₁ Yes o₃ No

14. How many people assisted with roundup (all or part of it)? _____ # people

15. How many hours did it take to round up the animals and

accomplish the reason(s) for the roundup? _____ # hours

Section 3. Biosecurity

1. From June 1, 2013, through May 31, 2014, were any ranched bison

belonging to a different operation located within 1 mile of the

bison on this operation? o₁ Yes o₃ No o₄ Don’t know

[If question 1 = No or Don’t know, SKIP to question 3.]

2. Did these other ranched bison have fence-line contact with any

bison belonging to this operation? o₁ Yes o₃ No

3. From June 1, 2013, through May 31, 2014, were any new bison brought

on to this operation (temporarily or permanently), or did any bison leave

the operation and return (such as taken to pasture on land not belonging

to the operation, bred off-site, etc.)? o₁ Yes o₃ No

[If question 3 = No, SKIP to question 10.]

4. From June 1, 2013, through May 31, 2014, were male or female bison

temporarily brought in from other herds for breeding purposes?

a. Male bison o₁ Yes o₃ No

b. Female bison o₁ Yes o₃ No

5. From June 1, 2013, through May 31, 2014, were male or

female bison from this operation sent to other herds

for breeding purposes and subsequently returned?

a. Male bison o₁ Yes o₃ No o₄ No male bison on site

b. Female bison o₁ Yes o₃ No o₄ No female bison on site

6. From June 1, 2013, through May 31, 2014, were any bison from

this operation sent off the operation for grazing and returned? o₁ Yes o₃ No

[If question 6 = No, SKIP to question 8.]

7. Were bison sent off the operation for grazing typically

commingled on pasture with:

a. Ranched bison from other operations? o₁ Always o₂ Sometimes o₃ Never

b. Cattle from other operations? o₁ Always o₂ Sometimes o₃ Never

8. From June 1, 2013, through May 31, 2014, how often were

new or temporary additions or returning bison isolated
(no physical contact or shared confinements) before being

(re)introduced into this operation’s herd? o₁ Always o₂ Sometimes o₃ Never

[If question 8 = Never, SKIP to question 10.]

9. How many days were new additions or returning bison typically isolated on this operation? _____ days

10. From June 1, 2013, through May 31, 2014, were the following farmed animals

also raised on this operation; if Yes, could they have direct contact with the bison?

Farmed animal	On operation	If Yes, contact with bison?
Beef cattle	1 Yes 3 No	1 Yes 3 No
Dairy cattle	1 Yes 3 No	1 Yes 3 No
Sheep	1 Yes 3 No	1 Yes 3 No
Goats	1 Yes 3 No	1 Yes 3 No
Horses, donkeys, etc.	1 Yes 3 No	1 Yes 3 No
Swine	1 Yes 3 No	1 Yes 3 No
Poultry	1 Yes 3 No	1 Yes 3 No
Deer, elk, or other cervids	1 Yes 3 No	1 Yes 3 No
Other (specify: )	1 Yes 3 No	1 Yes 3 No

11. From June 1, 2013, through May 31, 2014, were the following wild animals

ever seen on this operation or near the fence line?

Wild animal	On operation	Near fence line
Sheep (e.g., bighorn)	1 Yes 3 No	1 Yes 3 No
Goats (e.g., mountain)	1 Yes 3 No	1 Yes 3 No
Deer, elk, or other cervids	1 Yes 3 No	1 Yes 3 No
Feral swine or wild boars	1 Yes 3 No	1 Yes 3 No
Other (specify: )	1 Yes 3 No	1 Yes 3 No

12. From June 1, 2013, through May 31, 2014, did this operation share

trucks and/or trailers used to transport bison with other livestock

operations (including bison, cattle, sheep and goat operations)? o₁ Yes o₃ No

[If question 12 = No, SKIP to question 15.]

13. Were shared trucks/trailers cleaned prior to use? o₁ Yes o₃ No

[If question 13 = No, SKIP to question 15.]

14. Which of the following best describes the procedures for cleaning shared trucks/trailers?

[Check one only.]

₁ Wash equipment with water or steam only

₂ Chemically disinfect only

₃ Wash equipment and chemically disinfect

₄ Other (specify:__________________________)

15. From June 1, 2013, through May 31, 2014, did this operation share any equipment, other
than trucks and trailers (e.g., tractors, chutes, feeding equipment, manure spreaders), with
other livestock operations (including bison, cattle, sheep and goat operations)? o₁ Yes o₃ No

[If question 15 = No, SKIP to question 18.]

16. Was shared equipment cleaned prior to use? o₁ Yes o₃ No

[If question 16 = No, SKIP to question 18.]

17. Which of the following best describes the procedures for cleaning shared equipment?

[Check one only.]

₁ Wash equipment with water or steam only

₂ Chemically disinfect only

₃ Wash equipment and chemically disinfect

₄ Other (specify:_______________)

18. How many times did the following types of people visit your operation from June 1, 2013,

through May 31, 2014? If more than zero, enter the number of visits that involved

direct contact with the operation’s bison.

Type of visitor	Approximate # visits per year	If at least one visit, number of visits involving direct contact with bison
a. Private or government veterinarian or animal health worker
b. Nutritionist or feed company consultant
c. Customer (e.g., private individual) purchasing hides, skulls, meat, or other bison products
d. Bison trader, buyer, or dealer
e. Renderer
f. Other visitors (including other producers, neighbors, friends, school field trip visitors, etc.)

Section 4. Reproduction

1. From June 1, 2013, through May 31, 2014, were any bison

bred while on this operation? o₁ Yes o₃ No

[If question 1 = No, SKIP to question 12.]

2. Were the following practices used during the most recent breeding season

for bison bred on this operation?

a. Single male placed with multiple females o₁ Yes o₃ No

b. Single male placed with single female o₁ Yes o₃ No

c. Multiple males placed with multiple females o₁ Yes o₃ No

d. Artificial insemination o₁ Yes o₃ No

e. Embryo transfer o₁ Yes o₃ No

3. Were the following reproductive techniques used for the most recent breeding season?

a. Body condition scoring o₁ Yes o₃ No

b. Palpation for pregnancy o₁ Yes o₃ No

c. Ultrasound o₁ Yes o₃ No

d. Semen evaluation o₁ Yes o₃ No

e. Scrotal palpation, evaluation, and measurement o₁ Yes o₃ No

f. Other (specify:___________________________) o₁ Yes o₃ No

Questions 4 through 10 ask about bison breeding females (cows and heifers) that were continuously on this operation from June 1, 2013, through May 31, 2014, and calves that were born from these females bred during the 2013 breeding season.

Breeding females

4. How many breeding females were present during this entire time period?

[If none, enter zero.] _____ #

5. Of breeding females on site for the entire time (question 4), how many were

bred (exposed to bulls, had artificial insemination) during the 2013 breeding season?

[If zero, skip to question 11.] _____ #

6. How many gave birth to full-term calves (whether alive or dead)? _____ #

Calves born in 2014 to females bred during the 2013 breeding season (question #5)

7. How many total full-term calves were born (whether alive or dead)? _____ #

8. How many total full-term calves were born alive? _____ #

9. How many of the calves born alive (question 8) survived until weaning? _____ #

10. The number of calves born dead is (subtract question 8 from question 7) _____ #

11. During the most recent calving season, were bison heifers and cows

on this operation monitored for birthing problems during calving? ₁ Yes ₃ No

12. From June 1, 2013, through May 31, 2014, were bison calves on this operation handled
for the following reasons? If Yes, at what age and approximate weight of the calves?

	Yes/No	If yes, avg age (months)	and	Avg wgt (lb)
a. Weaning	1 Yes 3 No
b Vaccination/deworming	1 Yes 3 No
c Identification (e.g., ear tag, microchip, tattoo)	1 Yes 3 No
d Transportation (e.g., move to pasture, feedlot, etc.)	1 Yes 3 No
e Other (specify____________________________)	1 Yes 3 No

13. Which of the following best describes the operation’s process for selecting new breeding bison?

[Check one only.]

₁ Random selection (e.g., choosing every third group at handling time)

₂ Size/conformation

₃ Genetic analysis

₄ Behavior/manageability

₅ Other (specify:_______________)

Section 5. Grazing, Pasture Management, and Feeding

1. From June 1, 2013, through May 31, 2014, what was the

average stocking rate of bison on pasture for this operation? _____ animals/acre

2. What grazing system does this operation use?

₁ Rotational

₂ Continuous

₃ Combination

₄ Other

3. How many months per year are this operation’s bison on range/pasture? _____ months/yr

4. From June 1, 2013, through May 31, 2014, were this operation’s

bison provided the following while on range/pasture?

a. Hay/roughage supplements ₁ Yes ₃ No

b. Mineral supplements ₁ Yes ₃ No

c. Vitamin supplements ₁ Yes ₃ No

d. Energy/concentrates supplements ₁ Yes ₃ No

5. From June 1, 2013, through May 31, 2014, how were this operation’s

bison grouped while on range/pasture?

a. Cows/calves, yearlings, and bulls kept in separate groups ₁ Yes ₃ No

b. Bison kept in family groups ₁ Yes ₃ No

c. Bison of different origins grouped ₁ Yes ₃ No

d. Bison grouped by age ₁ Yes ₃ No

e. Other (describe: _______________) ₁ Yes ₃ No

Section 6. Diseases, Parasites, and Health Management

1. From June 1, 2013, through May 31, 2014, were the following fly control

methods used on this bison operation?

a. Environmental fly control (sprays, foggers, strips, zappers) ₁ Yes ₃ No

b. Topical products (dust bags, dips, sprays, backrubs) ₁ Yes ₃ No

c. Treated ear tags ₁ Yes ₃ No

d. Biological control (such as predator wasps) ₁ Yes ₃ No

e. Oral products (such as feed-throughs) ₁ Yes ₃ No

f. Other (specify: _________________________________________) ₁ Yes ₃ No

2. From June 1, 2013, through May 31, 2014, were any of this

operation’s bison dewormed? ₁ Yes ₃ No

[If question 2 = No, SKIP to quesiton 6.]

3. How many times were the majority of bison dewormed
during the year? _____ times

4. Were any of the following dewormers used during the year?

a. Conventional dewormers (e.g. Ivermectin, Safeguard^®, Doramectin) ₁ Yes ₃ No

b. Natural or alternative dewormers (e.g., botanicals, herbs, cayenne pepper) ₁ Yes ₃ No

If Yes, specify: _________________________

c. Other (specify: __________________________) ₁ Yes ₃ No

5. Were dewormers administered by the following methods during the year?

a. Directly into the mouth (e.g., drench, bolus, paste) ₁ Yes ₃ No

b. Feed or water additive ₁ Yes ₃ No

c. Mineral additive ₁ Yes ₃ No

d. Pour-on ₁ Yes ₃ No

e. Injectable ₁ Yes ₃ No

6. From June 1, 2013, through May 31, 2014, did this operation do the

following activities as part of a parasite control program?

a. Perform laboratory (fecal) testing for intestinal parasites ……………….. o₁ Yes o₃ No

b. Rotate dewormer type o₁ Yes o₃ No

c. Give a combination of two or more dewormer drugs at once o₁ Yes o₃ No

d. Use a different dose of dewormer in bison than the labeled dose

recommended for cattle o₁ Yes o₃ No

e. Rotate pastures o₁ Yes o₃ No

f. Reduce stocking density o₁ Yes o₃ No

g. Other (specify: __________________________________) o₁ Yes o₃ No

7. How familiar are you with the following diseases in bison? [Check one box per row.]

Disease	Never heard of it	Slightly familiar	Moderately familiar	Very familiar
a. Bovine tuberculosis (TB)	o1	o2	o3	o4
b. Brucellosis	o1	o2	o3	o4
c. Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD)	o1	o2	o3	o4
d. Malignant catarrhal fever.(MCF)	o1	o2	o3	o4
e. Clostridial diseases	o1	o2	o3	o4
f. Mycoplasma bovis	o1	o2	o3	o4

8. From June 1, 2013 through May 31, 2014, did this operation vaccinate any

bison against the following diseases or pathogens?

a. Anthrax o₁ Yes o₃ No

b. Brucellosis o₁ Yes o₃ No

c. Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) o₁ Yes o₃ No

d. Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) o₁ Yes o₃ No

e. Clostridium species (tetanus, blackleg, malignant edema, redwater, enteritis) o₁ Yes o₃ No

f. Haemophilus somnus o₁ Yes o₃ No

g. Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) o₁ Yes o₃ No

h. Leptospirosis o₁ Yes o₃ No

i. Mycoplasma bovis o₁ Yes o₃ No

j. Parainfluenza 3 virus (PI3) o₁ Yes o₃ No

k. Pasteurella (shipping fever pneumonia) o₁ Yes o₃ No

l. Rotavirus/coronavirus o₁ Yes o₃ No

m. Other disease (specify: ___________________________________) o₁ Yes o₃ No

9. From June 1, 2013, through May 31, 2014, did a veterinarian

visit this operation concerning its bison? o₁ Yes o₃ No

[If question 9 = No, SKIP to question 11.]

10. Did the veterinarian visit the bison operation for the following reasons?

a. Medical treatment of bison, for illness or injury o₁ Yes o₃ No

b. Consultation, such as nutrition or reproduction advice o₁ Yes o₃ No

c. Vaccination o₁ Yes o₃ No

d. Health certificate issuance o₁ Yes o₃ No

e. Artificial insemination o₁ Yes o₃ No

f. Brucellosis testing o₁ Yes o₃ No

g. Tuberculosis testing o₁ Yes o₃ No

h. Other disease testing/sample collection o₁ Yes o₃ No

i. Tranquilization/handling o₁ Yes o₃ No

j. Postmortem/necropsy o₁ Yes o₃ No

k. Other (specify: _____________________________________) o₁ Yes o₃ No

11. From June 1, 2013 through May 31, 2014, were the following conditions present

(suspected or confirmed) in any bison on this operation; if Yes, how many bison

were affected with that condition?

Condition	Presence (suspected or confirmed)	Bison affected (head)
a. Pneumonia/respiratory	o1 Yes o3 No
b. Abortion/reproductive disorder	o1 Yes o3 No
c. Arthritis/lameness	o1 Yes o3 No
d. Internal parasites	o1 Yes o3 No
e. External parasites	o1 Yes o3 No
f. Off feed/weight Loss	o1 Yes o3 No
g. Diarrhea	o1 Yes o3 No
h. Oral erosions	o1 Yes o3 No
i. Eye lesions	o1 Yes o3 No
j. Toxin exposure	o1 Yes o3 No
k. Other (specify: ____________________)	o1 Yes o3 No

12. Within the past 5 years, did this operation experience one or more periods of
abnormally high death loss in its bison herd (e.g., three times the operation’s typical

death loss or higher)? o₁ Yes o₃ No

[If question 12 = No, SKIP to question 16.]

13. For the most recent period of abnormally high death loss, were bison that died
observed to be reluctant to move, showing signs of arthritis,
or emaciated before they died? o₁ Yes o₃ No

14. For the most recent period of abnormally high death loss, did the operation receive

confirmed diagnoses from a veterinarian or diagnostic laboratory for the following?

a. Mycoplasma bovis o₁ Yes o₃ No

b. Malignant catarrhal fever o₁ Yes o₃ No

c. Parasitism o₁ Yes o₃ No

15. For the most recent period of abnormally high death loss, did the following

conditions occur shortly before or during the period of death loss?

Condition	Occurred before or during death loss
a. Weather extreme (hot/cold)	o1 Yes o3 No o4 Don’t know
b. High parasite load	o1 Yes o3 No o4 Don’t know
c. Poor pasture conditions	o1 Yes o3 No o4 Don’t know
d. Change of pasture	o1 Yes o3 No o4 Don’t know
e. Mixing of bison groups/introductions of new animals	o1 Yes o3 No o4 Don’t know
f. Rut/fighting	o1 Yes o3 No o4 Don’t know
g. Calving	o1 Yes o3 No o4 Don’t know
h. Weaning	o1 Yes o3 No o4 Don’t know
i. Handling	o1 Yes o3 No o4 Don’t know
j. Transportation	o1 Yes o3 No o4 Don’t know
k. Other (specify: __________________________)	o1 Yes o3 No o4 Don’t know

16. From June 1, 2013, through May 31, 2014, were necropsies

performed on any of this operation’s bison? o₁ Yes o₃ No

17. Who performed the majority of necropsies? [Check one only.]

₁ Owner/manager/staff

₂ Private veterinarian

₃ Federal or State veterinarian

₄ Other (specify: _____________________________)

18. From June 1, 2013, through May 31, 2014, how did this operation dispose of dead bison?

₁ Incinerated

₂ Onsite burial

₃ Sent to landfill

₄ Rendered

₅ No disposal method (left to nature/scavengers)

Section 7. Disease Testing Practices

1. Is this operation’s bison herd a Tuberculosis (TB) Accredited Herd

or in the process of becoming accredited? o₁ Yes o₃ No

[If question 1 = Yes, SKIP to question 3.]

2. Is this operation’s herd NOT TB Accredited for the following reasons?

a. TB tests not reliable ₁ Yes ₃ No

b. Too expensive to test ₁ Yes ₃ No

c. Not enough time to test ₁ Yes ₃ No

d. Too difficult to handle bison ₁ Yes ₃ No

e. Not recommended by veterinarian ₁ Yes ₃ No

f. TB is not a concern to my operation ₁ Yes ₃ No

g. Other? (specify: ___________________________) ₁ Yes ₃ No

3. Has this operation ever had any of its bison tested for TB? o₁ Yes o₃ No

[If question 3 = No, SKIP to question 7.]

4. When was the most recent TB test for any of this operation’s bison? [Check one only.]

₁ Less than 1 year ago

₂ 1 to 2 years ago

₃ 2 to 3 years ago

₄ 3 to 5 years ago

₅ More than 5 years ago

5. During the most recent TB test, did this operation test its: [Check one only.]

₁ Entire herd?

₂ Bison less than 1 year old only?

₃ Bison 1 year and older only?

₄ Specific bison only? (specify: ___________________________________________)

6. When this operation’s bison were last tested for TB,

were they tested for the following purposes:

a. Herd accreditation? ₁ Yes ₃ No

b. Movement requirement? ₁ Yes ₃ No

c. Show or exhibition requirement? ₁ Yes ₃ No

d. State requirement? ₁ Yes ₃ No

e. Veterinarian (nonregulatory, private practitioner) recommendation? ₁ Yes ₃ No

f. Sale requirement? ₁ Yes ₃ No

g. Other? (specify: ___________________________) ₁ Yes ₃ No

7. Has this operation ever had any of its bison tested for brucellosis? o₁ Yes o₃ No

[If question 7 = No, SKIP to question 10.]

8. When this operation’s bison were last tested for brucellosis,

were they tested for the following purposes?

a. Herd certification for brucellosis-free herd status? ₁ Yes ₃ No

b. Movement requirement? ₁ Yes ₃ No

c. Show or exhibition requirement? ₁ Yes ₃ No

d. Testing required for sale? ₁ Yes ₃ No

e. State requirement? ₁ Yes ₃ No

f. Veterinarian (nonregulatory, private practitioner) recommendation? ₁ Yes ₃ No

g. Other? (specify: ___________________________) ₁ Yes ₃ No

9. Is this operation’s bison herd a Brucellosis-Free herd, or in the

process of becoming a Brucellosis-Free herd? ₁ Yes ₃ No

10. How concerned are you with the following issues and challenges

related to testing this operation’s bison for diseases such as TB or brucellosis?

[Check one box per row.]

Issues and challenges	Not concerned	Slightly concerned	Moderately concerned	Very concerned
a. Expense of test
b. Bison injuries or deaths from handling
c. Reliability of tests, such as false positive test results
d. Amount of time to test
e. Lack of facilities to restrain bison for testing

11. In the last 5 years, how many of this operation’s bison were injured

or died as a direct result of handling for disease testing?

[Enter zero if none were injured or died.]

a. Were injured but survived _____ # head

b. Died _____ # head

Section 8. Outreach

1. Do you belong to the following bison or cattle associations?

a. National Bison Association ₁ Yes ₃ No

b. Regional bison association (specify: __________________________) ₁ Yes ₃ No

c. State or local bison associations ₁ Yes ₃ No

d. Canadian Bison Association ₁ Yes ₃ No

e. National Cattlemen’s Beef Association ₁ Yes ₃ No

f. Regional, State, or local cattle associations ₁ Yes ₃ No

g. Other (specify: _________________________) ₁ Yes ₃ No

2. How important to you are the following bison health information sources? [Check one box per row.]

Information sources	Not important	Slightly important	Moderately important	Very important
a. Bison association resources/ meetings
b. Producer gatherings (informal)
c. Other producers—individually
d. Internet
e. Magazines/newsletters
f. University/extension
g. Veterinarians
h. Feed and drug salespeople
i. Other (specify: )

Thank you very much for completing the NAHMS Bison 2014 survey!

One last thing: If you are willing to share information about the location of this operation’s bison, it would help us learn more about geographical aspects of the bison industry. Please remember that all information is confidential, and data will be presented only on regional and/or national levels.

1. Please provide the location of the majority of bison owned by this operation.

County name	State	Zip code

2. If this operation also had bison in any other county, please enter those locations.

County name	State	Zip code

SECTION 9 – CONCLUSION

Survey results can be found by accessing http://www.aphis.usda.gov/nahms/ Would you prefer to receive paper reports via the mail?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .			xxxx	1□ Yes 3□ No
Respondent Name:	xxxx	xxxx MM DD YY
	Phone:	Date: __ __ __ __ __ __

Response		Respondent		Mode		Enum.	Eval.	Change		Office Use for POID
1-Comp 2-R 3-Inac 4-Office Hold 5-R – Est 6-Inac – Est 7-Off Hold – Est 8-Known Zero	9901	1-Op/Mgr 2-Sp 3-Acct/Bkpr 4-Partner 9-Oth	9902	1-Mail 2-Tel 3-Face-to-Face 4-CATI 5-Web 6-e-mail 7-Fax 8-CAPI 19-Other	9903	9998	9900	9985	9921	9989 __ __ __ - __ __ __ - __ __ __
										Optional Use
										9907	9908	9906		9916
S/E Name

Minutes

xxx

1. How many minutes did it take you to complete this report?

Thank you for your time. Return this questionnaire in the enclosed envelope.

Office Use Only

NAHMS Bison 2014 18