22 Usc 2504

Page 837

TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE

(c) Powers and functions of Secretary of State;
coordination of activities; responsibility for
supervision and direction of programs
(1) Nothing contained in this chapter shall be
construed to infringe upon the powers or functions of the Secretary of State.
(2) The President shall prescribe appropriate
procedures to assure coordination of Peace
Corps activities with other activities of the
United States Government in each country,
under the leadership of the chief of the United
States diplomatic mission.
(3) Under the direction of the President, the
Secretary of State shall be responsible for the
continuous supervision and general direction of
the programs authorized by this chapter, to the
end that such programs are effectively integrated both at home and abroad and the foreign
policy of the United States is best served thereby.
(4) The Director of the Peace Corps may prescribe such regulations as may be necessary to
assure that no individual performing service for
the Peace Corps under any authority contained
in this chapter shall engage in any activity determined by the Director to be detrimental to
the best interests of the United States.
(d) Prohibition on performance of services more
usefully performed by other agencies
Except with the approval of the Secretary of
State, the Peace Corps shall not be assigned to
perform services which could more usefully be
performed by other available agencies of the
United States Government in the country concerned.
(Pub. L. 87–293, title I, § 4, Sept. 22, 1961, 75 Stat.
612; Pub. L. 88–426, title III, § 305(27), Aug. 14,
1964, 78 Stat. 426; Pub. L. 91–352, § 2, July 24, 1970,
84 Stat. 464; Pub. L. 97–113, title VI, § 601(d)(1),
Dec. 29, 1981, 95 Stat. 1541.)
REFERENCES IN TEXT
This chapter, referred to in subsecs. (b) and (c), was
in the original ‘‘this Act’’, meaning Pub. L. 87–293,
Sept. 22, 1961, 75 Stat. 612, as amended, known as the
Peace Corps Act. For complete classification of this
Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2501 of this title and Tables.
AMENDMENTS
1981—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 97–113 substituted provision
authorizing the President to exercise functions vested
in him under this chapter through the Director of the
Peace Corps and the Director of the Peace Corps to promulgate rules and regulations as deemed appropriate
for provision authorizing the President to exercise
functions vested in him under this chapter through
such agency or officer of the United States Government
as he directs and the head of such agency or such officer to promulgate rules and regulations as deemed appropriate.
1970—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 91–352 added par. (4).
1964—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 88–426 repealed provisions
which prescribed the compensation of the Director and
Deputy Director. See sections 5314 and 5315 of Title 5,
Government Organization and Employees.
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1964 AMENDMENT
Amendment by Pub. L. 88–426 effective on first day of
first pay period which begins on or after July 1, 1964,
except to extent provided in section 501(c) of Pub. L.
88–426, see section 501 of Pub. L. 88–426.

§ 2504

TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS
Transfer to President of the United States of functions conferred upon Director of Peace Corps by subsec.
(c)(4) of this section, see section 2(b) of Reorg. Plan No.
1 of 1971, eff. July 1, 1971, 36 F.R. 11181, 85 Stat. 819, set
out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
DELEGATION OF FUNCTIONS
Functions of President under subsecs. (c)(1), (4), (d)
delegated to Director of Peace Corps by sections 1–103
and 1–301(a), (b) of Ex. Ord. No. 12137, May 16, 1979, 44
F.R. 29023, eff. May 16, 1979, set out as a note under section 2501 of this title.
CONTINUING FUNCTIONS OF DIRECTOR OF PEACE CORPS
FROM DECEMBER 14, 1981
Section 601(d)(2) of Pub. L. 97–113 provided: ‘‘The Director of the Peace Corps shall continue to exercise all
the functions under the Peace Corps Act [this chapter]
or any other law or authority which the Director was
performing on December 14, 1981.’’

§ 2504. Peace Corps volunteers
(a) Persons eligible; terms and conditions of
service; Federal employee status; racial, sex,
religious, or color discrimination
The President may enroll in the Peace Corps
for service abroad qualified citizens and nationals of the United States (referred to in this
chapter as ‘‘volunteers’’). The terms and conditions of the enrollment, training, compensation,
hours of work, benefits, leave, termination, and
all other terms and conditions of the service of
volunteers shall be exclusively those set forth in
this chapter and those consistent therewith
which the President may prescribe; and, except
as provided in this chapter, volunteers shall not
be deemed officers or employees or otherwise in
the service or employment of, or holding office
under, the United States for any purpose. In carrying out this subsection, there shall be no discrimination against any person on account of
race, sex, creed, or color.
(b) Living allowances, travel, leave and related
items; transfers of supplies and equipment
Volunteers shall be provided with such living,
travel, and leave allowances, and such housing,
transportation, supplies, equipment, subsistence, and clothing as the President may determine to be necessary for their maintenance and
to insure their health and their capacity to
serve effectively. Supplies or equipment provided volunteers to insure their capacity to
serve effectively may be transferred to the government or to other entities of the country or
area with which they have been serving, when
no longer necessary for such purpose, and when
such transfers would further the purposes of this
chapter. Transportation and travel allowances
may also be provided, in such circumstances as
the President may determine, for applicants for
enrollment to or from places of training and
places of enrollment, and for former volunteers
from places of termination to their homes in the
United States.
(c) Readjustment allowances
Volunteers shall be entitled to receive a readjustment allowance at a rate not less than $125
for each month of satisfactory service as determined by the President. The readjustment al-

§ 2504

TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE

lowance of each volunteer shall be payable on
his return to the United States: Provided, however, That, under such circumstances as the
President may determine, the accrued readjustment allowance, or any part thereof, may be
paid to the volunteer, members of his family or
others, during the period of his service, or prior
to his return to the United States. In the event
of the volunteer’s death during the period of his
service, the amount of any unpaid readjustment
allowance shall be paid in accordance with the
provisions of section 5582(b) of title 5. For purposes of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, a volunteer shall be deemed to be paid and to receive
each amount of a readjustment allowance to
which he is entitled after December 31, 1964,
when such amount is transferred from funds
made available under this chapter to the fund
from which such readjustment allowance is payable.
(d) Repealed. Pub. L. 89–554, § 8(a), Sept. 6, 1966,
80 Stat. 661
(e) Health care
Volunteers shall receive such health care during their service, applicants for enrollment shall
receive such health examinations preparatory to
their service, applicants for enrollment who
have accepted an invitation to begin a period of
training under section 2507(a) of this title shall
receive such immunization and dental care preparatory to their service, and former volunteers
shall receive such health examinations within
six months after termination of their service, as
the President may deem necessary or appropriate. Subject to such conditions as the President may prescribe, such health care may be
provided in any facility of any agency of the
United States Government, and in such cases
the appropriation for maintaining and operating
such facility shall be reimbursed from appropriations available under this chapter. Health
care may not be provided under this subsection
in a manner inconsistent with the Assisted Suicide Funding Restriction Act of 1997 [42 U.S.C.
14401 et seq.].
(f) Retirement and other credits based upon
length of service
(1) Any period of satisfactory service of a volunteer under this chapter shall be credited in
connection with subsequent employment in the
same manner as a like period of civilian employment by the United States Government—
(A) for the purposes of section 816(a) of the
Foreign Service Act of 1980 [22 U.S.C. 4056(a)]
and every other Act establishing a retirement
system for civilian employees of any United
States Government agency; and
(B) except as otherwise determined by the
President, for the purposes of determining seniority, reduction in force, and layoff rights,
leave entitlement, and other rights and privileges based upon length of service under the
laws administered by the Office of Personnel
Management, the Foreign Service Act of 1980
[22 U.S.C. 3901 et seq.], and every other Act establishing or governing terms and conditions
of service of civilian employees of the United
States Government: Provided, That service of a
volunteer shall not be credited toward comple-

Page 838

tion of any probationary or trial period or
completion of any service requirement for career appointment.
(2) For the purposes of paragraph (1)(A) of this
subsection, volunteers and volunteer leaders
shall be deemed to be receiving compensation
during their service at the respective rates of readjustment allowances payable under subsection
(c) of this section and section 2505(1) of this
title.
(g) Assignment to other entities
The President may detail or assign volunteers
or otherwise make them available to any entity
referred to in paragraph (1) of section 2509(a) of
this title on such terms and conditions as he
may determine: Provided, That not to exceed
two hundred volunteers may be assigned to
carry out secretarial or clerical duties on the
staffs of the Peace Corps representatives abroad:
Provided, however, That any volunteer so detailed or assigned shall continue to be entitled
to the allowances, benefits and privileges of volunteers authorized under or pursuant to this
chapter.
(h) Tort claims; absentee voting; general average
contributions for transportation of baggage;
check cashing and currency exchange;
claims for overpayment of pay; passport fees
Volunteers shall be deemed employees of the
United States Government for the purposes of
the Federal Tort Claims Act and any other Federal tort liability statute, section 3342 of title
31, section 5732 and section 5584 of title 5 (and readjustment allowances paid under this chapter
shall be considered as pay for purposes of such
section), and section 214 of this title.
(i) Termination of service
The service of a volunteer may be terminated
at any time at the pleasure of the President.
(j) Oath of office
Upon enrollment in the Peace Corps, every
volunteer shall take the oath prescribed for persons appointed to any office of honor or profit
by section 3331 of title 5.
(k) Counseling programs for returned volunteers
In order to assure that the skills and experience which former volunteers have derived from
their training and their service abroad are best
utilized in the national interest, the President
may, in cooperation with agencies of the United
States, private employers, educational institutions and other entities of the United States,
undertake programs under which volunteers
would be counseled with respect to opportunities for further education and employment.
(l) Legal expenses of defendant in judicial or administrative proceedings
Notwithstanding any other provision of law,
counsel may be employed and counsel fees, court
costs, bail, and other expenses incident to the
defense of volunteers may be paid in foreign judicial or administrative proceedings to which
volunteers have been made parties.
(m) Allowances and expenses of minor children
The minor children of a volunteer living with
the volunteer may receive—

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TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE

(1) such living, travel, education, and leave
allowances, such housing, transportation, subsistence, and essential special items of clothing as the President may determine;
(2) such health care, including health care
following the volunteer’s service for illness or
injury incurred during such service, and
health and accident insurance, as the President may determine and upon such terms as
he may determine, including health care in
any facility referred to in subsection (e) of
this section, subject to such conditions as the
President may prescribe and subject to reimbursement of appropriations as provided in
such subsection (e);
(3) such orientation, language, and other
training necessary to accomplish the purposes
of this chapter as the President may determine; and
(4) the benefits of subsection (l) of this section on the same basis as volunteers.
(n) Moving expenses
The costs of packing and unpacking, transporting to and from a place of storage, and storing the furniture and household and personal effects of a volunteer who has one or more minor
children at the time of his entering a period of
pre-enrollment training may be paid from the
date of his departure from his place of residence
to enter training until no later than three
months after termination of his service.
(Pub. L. 87–293, title I, § 5, Sept. 22, 1961, 75 Stat.
613; Pub. L. 88–200, § 2, Dec. 13, 1963, 77 Stat. 359;
Pub. L. 89–134, § 2, Aug. 24, 1965, 79 Stat. 549; Pub.
L. 89–554, § 8(a), Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 661, 662;
Pub. L. 89–572, § 2(a), Sept. 13, 1966, 80 Stat. 765;
Pub. L. 91–99, § 2, Oct. 29, 1969, 83 Stat. 166; Pub.
L. 91–352, § 3, July 24, 1970, 84 Stat. 464; Pub. L.
94–130, §§ 4, 6, Nov. 14, 1975, 89 Stat. 684; Pub. L.
95–331, § 4, Aug. 2, 1978, 92 Stat. 414; Pub. L.
96–465, title II, § 2202(a), Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat.
2157; Pub. L. 97–113, title VI, §§ 604(b), 606, Dec. 29,
1981, 95 Stat. 1543; Pub. L. 99–83, title XI,
§ 1105(b), Aug. 8, 1985, 99 Stat. 276; Pub. L. 99–514,
§ 2, Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2095; Pub. L. 105–12,
§ 9(j), Apr. 30, 1997, 111 Stat. 27; Pub. L. 106–30,
§ 2(b)(1)–(3), May 21, 1999, 113 Stat. 55.)
REFERENCES IN TEXT
This chapter, referred to in subsecs. (a), (e) to (h), and
(m), was in the original ‘‘this Act’’, meaning Pub. L.
87–293, Sept. 22, 1961, 75 Stat. 612, as amended, known as
the Peace Corps Act. For complete classification of this
Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2501 of this title and Tables.
The Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (c), is classified generally to Title 26, Internal Revenue Code.
The Assisted Suicide Funding Restriction Act of 1997,
referred to in subsec. (e), is Pub. L. 105–12, Apr. 30, 1997,
111 Stat. 23, which is classified principally to chapter
138 (§ 14401 et seq.) of Title 42, The Public Health and
Welfare. For complete classification of this Act to the
Code, see Short Title note set out under section 14401
of Title 42 and Tables.
The Foreign Service Act of 1980, referred to in subsec.
(f)(1), is Pub. L. 96–465, Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2071, as
amended, which is classified principally to chapter 52
(§ 3901 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification
of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out
under section 3901 of this title and Tables.
The Federal Tort Claims Act, referred to in subsec.
(h), is title IV of act Aug. 2, 1946, ch. 753, 60 Stat. 842,

§ 2504

which was classified principally to chapter 20 (§§ 921,
922, 931–934, 941–946) of former Title 28, Judicial Code
and Judiciary. Title IV of act Aug. 2, 1946, was substantially repealed and reenacted as sections 1346(b) and
2671 et seq. of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure, by act June 25, 1948, ch. 646, 62 Stat. 992, the first
section of which enacted Title 28. The Federal Tort
Claims Act is also commonly used to refer to chapter
171 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure. For
complete classification of title IV to the Code, see
Tables. For distribution of former sections of Title 28
into the revised Title 28, see Table at the beginning of
Title 28.
AMENDMENTS
1999—Subsec. (f)(1)(B). Pub. L. 106–30, § 2(b)(1), substituted ‘‘Office of Personnel Management’’ for ‘‘Civil
Service Commission’’.
Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 106–30, § 2(b)(2), substituted ‘‘section 3342 of title 31, section 5732 and’’ for ‘‘the Federal
Voting Assistance Act of 1955 (5 U.S.C. 2171 et seq.), the
Act of June 4, 1954, chapter 264, section 4 (5 U.S.C.
73b–5), the Act of December 23, 1944, chapter 716, section
1, as amended (31 U.S.C. 492a),’’.
Subsec. (j). Pub. L. 106–30, § 2(b)(3), substituted ‘‘section 3331 of title 5.’’ for ‘‘section 1757 of the Revised
Statutes of the United States, as amended (5 U.S.C. 16),
and shall swear (or affirm) that he does not advocate
the overthrow of our constitutional form of government in the United States, and that he is not a member
of an organization that advocates the overthrow of our
constitutional form of government in the United
States, knowing that such organization so advocates.’’
1997—Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 105–12 inserted at end
‘‘Health care may not be provided under this subsection
in a manner inconsistent with the Assisted Suicide
Funding Restriction Act of 1997.’’
1986—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 99–514 substituted ‘‘Internal
Revenue Code of 1986’’ for ‘‘Internal Revenue Code of
1954’’.
1985—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 99–83 in amending last sentence generally, struck out provisions prohibiting political tests.
1981—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 97–113, § 606, substituted
‘‘not less than $125’’ for ‘‘not to exceed $125’’.
Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 97–113, § 604(b), struck out provision making section 2702 of this title, relating to malpractice protection, applicable to volunteers and vesting the President with the authority reposed in the
Secretary of State in section 2702(f) of this title, and
deeming a Peace Corps representative to be a principal
representative of the United States for purposes of section 2702(g) of this title. See section 2509(i) and (j) of
this title.
1980—Subsec. (f)(1)(A). Pub. L. 96–465, § 2202- (a)(1)(A),
substituted ‘‘section 816(a) of the Foreign Service Act
of 1980’’ for ‘‘section 852(a)(1) of the Foreign Service Act
of 1946, as amended (22 U.S.C. 1092(a)(1)),’’.
Subsec. (f)(1)(B). Pub. L. 96–465, § 2202(a)(1)(B), substituted ‘‘Foreign Service Act of 1980’’ for ‘‘Foreign
Service Act of 1946’’.
Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 96–465, § 2202(a)(2), substituted
‘‘section 2702 of this title’’ for ‘‘section 817 of this title’’
and ‘‘President’’ for ‘‘Director of ACTION’’.
1978—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 95–331, § 4(1), struck out provisions relating to allowances for volunteers with
minor children at the time of their entering a period of
pre-enrollment training.
Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 95–331, § 4(2), inserted provisions
relating to applicability of malpractice protection.
1975—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 94–130, § 4, prohibited discrimination against any person on account of sex.
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 94–130, § 6, substituted $125 for $75
in initial clause of first sentence.
1970—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 91–352, § 3(a), inserted exception that in case of volunteers having one or more children at time of entering a period of pre-enrollment
training, one parent would be entitled to receive a readjustment allowance not exceeding $125 for each
month of satisfactory service as determined by the

§ 2504

TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE

President, and substituted ‘‘section 5582(b) of title 5’’
for ‘‘section 61f of title 5’’.
Subsecs. (m), (n). Pub. L. 91–352, § 3(b), added subsecs.
(m) and (n).
1969—Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 91–99 inserted provision that
for purposes of section 5584 of title 5 (and readjustment
allowances made thereto) volunteers are to be deemed
employees of the United States Government.
1966—Subsec. (d). Repealed by Pub. L. 89–554, and now
covered by section 8142 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
Subsec. (f). Repealed, as applicable to the Civil Service Retirement Act, as amended, by Pub. L. 89–554, and
now covered by section 8332(b) of Title 5.
Subsec. (h). Repealed, as applicable to act June 4,
1954, chapter 264, section 5 (5 U.S.C. 73b-5), by Pub. L.
89–554, and now covered by section 5732 of Title 5.
Subsec. (l). Pub. L. 89–572 added subsec. (l).
1965—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 89–134, § 2(a), provided that,
for purposes of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, a volunteer is deemed to be paid and to receive readjustment allowance to which he is entitled after December
31, 1964, when the amount is transferred from funds
made available under this chapter to the fund from
which the readjustment allowance is paid.
Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 89–134, § 2(b), extended health care
provisions to include health examinations for applicants for enrollment preparatory to their service, immunization and dental care for applicants who have accepted an invitation to begin a period of training under
section 2507(a) of this title, and health examinations to
former volunteers within six months after termination
of their service.
Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 89–134, § 2(c), authorized an increase from 100 to 200 in the number of volunteer secretaries and clerical workers permitted to serve on the
staffs of Peace Corps representatives abroad.
Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 89–134, § 2(d), extended check
cashing and currency exchange transaction privileges
of government employees to Peace Corps volunteers.
1963—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 88–200, § 2(a), inserted provision for transfer of supplies and equipment.
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 88–200, § 2(b), substituted ‘‘a readjustment allowance’’ for ‘‘termination payments’’ in
first sentence, the second sentence reading ‘‘The readjustment allowance of each volunteer shall be payable
on his return to the United States: Provided, however,
That, under such circumstances as the President may
determine, the accrued readjustment allowance, or any
part thereof, may be paid to the volunteer, members of
his family or others, during the period of his service, or
prior to his return to the United States’’ for ‘‘The termination payment of each volunteer shall be payable
at the termination of his service, or may be paid during
the course of his service to the volunteer, to members
of his family or to others, under such circumstances as
the President may determine’’ and ‘‘readjustment allowance’’ for ‘‘termination payment’’ in third sentence.
Subsec. (f)(2). Pub. L. 88–200, § 2(c), substituted ‘‘readjustment allowances’’ for ‘‘termination payments.’’
Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 88–200, § 2(d), provided for assignment of volunteers to duties on staffs of Peace Corps
representatives abroad.
Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 88–200, § 2(e), provided that volunteers shall be deemed employees of the U.S. Government for the purposes of absentee voting assistance and
payment of general average contributions for transportation of baggage.
Subsec. (k). Pub. L. 88–200, § 2(f), added subsec. (k).
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1997 AMENDMENT
Amendment by Pub. L. 105–12 effective Apr. 30, 1997,
and applicable to Federal payments made pursuant to
obligations incurred after Apr. 30, 1997, for items and
services provided on or after such date, subject to also
being applicable with respect to contracts entered into,
renewed, or extended after Apr. 30, 1997, as well as contracts entered into before Apr. 30, 1997, to the extent
permitted under such contracts, see section 11 of Pub.
L. 105–12, set out as an Effective Date note under section 14401 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare.

Page 840

EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1985 AMENDMENT
Amendment by Pub. L. 99–83 effective Oct. 1, 1985, see
section 1301 of Pub. L. 99–83, set out as a note under section 2151–1 of this title.
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1980 AMENDMENT
Amendment by Pub. L. 96–465 effective Feb. 15, 1981,
except as otherwise provided, see section 2403 of Pub. L.
96–465, set out as an Effective Date note under section
3901 of this title.
DELEGATION OF FUNCTIONS
Functions of President under this section, except
those under subsec. (f)(1)(B), delegated to Director of
Peace Corps, with function of prescribing conditions in
subsec. (e) to be exercised in consultation with head of
agency responsible for facility, by sections 1–103, 1–106,
and 1–301(c) of Ex. Ord. No. 12137, May 16, 1979, 44 F.R.
29023, eff. May 16, 1979, set out as a note under section
2501 of this title.
EVALUATION OF HEALTH-CARE SERVICES PROVIDED TO
PEACE CORPS VOLUNTEERS
Pub. L. 102–565, § 3, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4266, provided that:
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Director of the Peace Corps
shall contract with an eligible organization or organizations to conduct before January 1, 1997, a total of
three evaluations of the health-care needs of the Peace
Corps volunteers and the adequacy of the system
through which the Peace Corps provides health-care
services in meeting those needs.
‘‘(b) REQUIREMENTS OF THE EVALUATIONS.—Each evaluation shall include an assessment of the adequacy of
the Peace Corps health-care system—
‘‘(1) to provide diagnostic, treatment, and referral
services to meet the health-care needs of Peace Corps
volunteers, and
‘‘(2) to conduct health examinations of applicants
for enrollment as Peace Corps volunteers and to provide immunization and dental care preparatory to
service of applicants for enrollment who have accepted an invitation to begin a period of training for service as a Peace Corps volunteer.
‘‘(c) REPORTS TO THE PEACE CORPS.—An organization
making an evaluation under this section shall submit
to the Director of the Peace Corps a report containing
its findings and recommendations not later than May
31, 1993, December 31, 1994, and December 31, 1996, as the
case may be. Each report shall include recommendations regarding appropriate standards and procedures
for ensuring the furnishing of quality medical care and
for measuring the quality of care provided to Peace
Corps volunteers.
‘‘(d) REPORT TO CONGRESS.—Not later than 90 days
after receipt of a report required by subsection (c), the
Director of the Peace Corps shall transmit the report,
together with the Director’s comments, to the appropriate congressional committees.
‘‘(e) DEFINITIONS.—For purposes of this section—
‘‘(1) the term ‘appropriate congressional committees’ means the Committee on Foreign Relations and
the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate and
the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee
on Appropriations of the House of Representatives;
and
‘‘(2) the term ‘eligible organization’ means an independent health-care accreditation organization or
other independent organization with expertise in
evaluating health-care systems similar to that of the
Peace Corps.’’
LEGAL EXPENSES INCURRED PRIOR TO SEPT. 13, 1966
Section 2(b) of Pub. L. 89–572 provided that: ‘‘The authority contained in subsection (a) [adding subsec. (l)
to this section] shall extend to counsels fees, costs, and
other expenses of the types specified therein that were
incurred prior to the date of enactment of this Act
[Sept. 13, 1966].’’

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TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE

EX. ORD. NO. 11103. APPOINTMENT OF FORMER
VOLUNTEERS TO CIVILIAN CAREER SERVICES
Ex. Ord. No. 11103, Apr. 10, 1963, 28 F.R. 3571, as
amended by Ex. Ord. No. 12107, Dec. 28, 1978, 44 F.R.
1055, provided:
By virtue of the authority vested in me by the Civil
Service Act (22 Stat. 403) [see, generally, section 1101 et
seq. of Title 5, Government Organization and Employers], and section 1753 of the Revised Statutes [section
3301 of Title 5], and as President of the United States,
it is hereby ordered as follows:
SECTION 1. Under such regulations as the Office of
Personnel Management may prescribe, the head of any
agency in the Executive Branch may appoint in the
competitive service any person who is certified by the
Director of the Peace Corps as having served satisfactorily as a Volunteer or Volunteer Leader under the
Peace Corps Act [see Short Title note set out under
section 2501 of this title] and who passes such examination as the Office of Personnel Management may prescribe. Any person so appointed shall, upon completion
of the prescribed probationary period, acquire a competitive status.
SEC. 2. The head of any agency in the Executive
Branch having an established merit system in the excepted service may appoint in such service any person
who is certified by the Director of the Peace Corps as
having served satisfactorily as a Volunteer or Volunteer Leader under the Peace Corps Act [see Short Title
note set out under section 2501 of this title] and who
passes such examination as such agency head may prescribe.
SEC. 3. Certificates of satisfactory service for the purposes of this order shall be issued only to persons who
have completed a full term of service (approximately
two years) under the Peace Corps Act [see Short Title
note set out under section 2501 of this title]: Provided,
That such certificates may be issued to persons who
have completed a lesser period of satisfactory service
if, in the judgment of the Director of the Peace Corps,
(1) their service was of sufficient duration to demonstrate their capability to complete satisfactorily a
full term, and (2) their failure to complete a full term
was due to circumstances beyond their control.
SEC. 4. Any appointment under this order shall be effected within a period of one year after completion of
the appointee’s service under the Peace Corps Act [see
Short Title note set out under section 2501 of this
title]: Provided, That such period may be extended to
not more than three years in the case of persons who,
following such service, are engaged in military service,
in the pursuit of studies at a recognized institution of
higher learning, or in other activities which, in the
view of the appointing authority, warrant an extension
of such period.
SEC. 5. Any law, Executive Order, or regulation which
would disqualify an applicant for appointment in the
competitive service or in the excepted service concerned shall also disqualify an applicant for appointment under this order.

§ 2505. Peace Corps volunteer leaders; number;
applicability of chapter; benefits
The President may enroll in the Peace Corps
qualified citizens or nationals of the United
States whose services are required for supervisory or other special duties or responsibilities
in connection with programs under this chapter
(referred to in this chapter as ‘‘volunteer leaders’’). The ratio of the total number of volunteer
leaders to the total number of volunteers in
service at any one time shall not exceed one to
twenty-five. Except as otherwise provided in
this chapter, all of the provisions of this chapter
applicable to volunteers shall be applicable to
volunteer leaders, and the term ‘‘volunteers’’
shall include ‘‘volunteer leaders’’: Provided, however, That—

§ 2505

(1) volunteer leaders shall be entitled to receive a readjustment allowance at a rate not
less than $125 for each month of satisfactory
service as determined by the President;
(2) spouses and minor children of volunteer
leaders may receive such living, travel, and
leave allowances, and such housing, transportation, subsistence, and essential special items
of clothing, as the President may determine,
but the authority contained in this paragraph
shall be exercised only under exceptional circumstances;
(3) spouses and minor children of volunteer
leaders accompanying them may receive such
health care as the President may determine
and upon such terms as he may determine, including health care in any facility referred to
in section 2504(e) of this title, subject to such
conditions as the President may prescribe and
subject to reimbursement of appropriations as
provided in section 2504(e) of this title; and
(4) spouses and minor children of volunteer
leaders accompanying them may receive such
orientation, language, and other training necessary to accomplish the purposes of this
chapter as the President may determine.
(Pub. L. 87–293, title I, § 6, Sept. 22, 1961, 75 Stat.
615; Pub. L. 88–200, § 3, Dec. 13, 1963, 77 Stat. 360;
Pub. L. 89–134, § 3, Aug. 24, 1965, 79 Stat. 549; Pub.
L. 91–352, § 4, July 24, 1970, 84 Stat. 465; Pub. L.
97–387, § 1(a), Dec. 23, 1982, 96 Stat. 1947.)
REFERENCES IN TEXT
This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original
‘‘this Act’’, meaning Pub. L. 87–293, Sept. 22, 1961, 75
Stat. 612, as amended, known as the Peace Corps Act.
For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see
Short Title note set out under section 2501 of this title
and Tables.
AMENDMENTS
1982—Par. (1). Pub. L. 97–387 substituted ‘‘not less
than $125’’ for ‘‘not to exceed $125’’.
1970—Pub. L. 91–352 struck out provisions extending
health care under cl. (3) to a married volunteer’s child
if born during the volunteer’s service.
1965—Pub. L. 89–134 extended the health care provisions of cl. (3) to a married volunteer’s child if born
during the volunteer’s service.
1963—Pub. L. 88–200 substituted ‘‘a readjustment allowance’’ for ‘‘termination payments’’ in cl. (1).
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1982 AMENDMENT
Section 1(b) of Pub. L. 97–387 provided that: ‘‘This
amendment [amending this section] shall be effective
as of December 29, 1981.’’
DELEGATION OF FUNCTIONS
Functions of President under this section delegated
to Director of Peace Corps with functions relating to
providing health care in government facilities under
clause (3) to be exercised in consultation with head of
agency responsible for facility by sections 1–103 and
1–106 of Ex. Ord. No. 12137, May 16, 1979, 44 F.R. 29023,
eff. May 16, 1979, set out as a note under section 2501 of
this title.
APPOINTMENT TO CIVILIAN CAREER SERVICES
Appointment of former volunteer leaders to civilian
career services, see Ex. Ord. No. 11103, Apr. 10, 1963, 28
F.R. 3571, set out as a note under section 2504 of this
title.