Supporting Statement A
Part A_Rough Cut Testing_0921 (002).docx
Message Testing for Tobacco Communication Activities
Supporting Statement A
OMB: 0920-0910
Information Collection Request
New
National Tobacco Education Campaign
Rough Cut Testing of Television Advertisements
(OMB No. 0920-0910)
Supporting Statement: Part A
Program Official/Contact
Michelle O’Hegarty, PhD
Office on Smoking and Health
National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
4770 Buford Highway, NE MS F-79
Atlanta, Georgia 30341
770-488-5582
FAX: 770-488-5939
Email: [email protected]
September 21, 2017
TABLE OF CONTENTS
JUSTIFICATION
1. Circumstances Making the Collection of Information Necessary
2. Purpose and Use of Information Collection
3. Use of Improved Information Technology and Burden Reduction
4. Efforts to Identify Duplication and Use of Similar Information
5. Impact on Small Businesses or Other Small Entities
6. Consequences of Collecting the Information Less Frequently
7. Special Circumstances Relating to the Guidelines of 5 CFR 1320.5
8. Comments in Response to the Federal Register Notice & Efforts to Consult Outside Agency
9. Explanation of Any Payment or Gift to Respondents 10. Protection of the Privacy and Confidentiality of Information Provided by Respondents
11. Institutional Review Board (IRB) and Justification for Sensitive Questions
12. Estimates of Annualized Burden Hours and Costs
13. Estimates of Other Total Annual Cost Burden to Respondents and Record Keepers
14. Annualized Cost to the Federal Government
15. Explanation for Program Changes or Adjustments
16. Plans for Tabulation and Publication and Project Time Schedule
17. Reason(s) Display of OMB Expiration Date is Inappropriate
18. Exceptions to Certification for Paperwork Reduction Act Submissions
LIST OF ATTACHMENTS
Attachment 1: Online Questionnaire Email Invitation to Potential Respondents
Attachment 2: Online Questionnaire Recruitment Screener
Attachment 3: Online Questionnaire
Attachment 4: Toluna Terms and Conditions
Attachment 5: Battelle Institutional Review Board Approval
Attachment 6: Toluna Privacy Policy
Notes on Excluded Attachments. In this information collection request (ICR), CDC outlines a plan to test rough cut advertisements with content that may be considered sensitive. The draft materials are not included because the near-final, “rough cut” advertisements have not been approved for public distribution by HHS/Assistant Secretary for Public Affairs (ASPA). To support adequate review of this Gen IC by OMB, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention requests permission to provide OMB with a secure link to the draft materials.
Supporting Statement: Summary
Goal of
the Study: The goal of this study is to test reactions to seven
rough cut advertisements (ads) that focus on the consequences of
cigarette smoking. Rough cut advertisements are near-final versions
of advertisements with unedited photos, placeholder voiceovers,
etc. The resulting information will be used to refine the rough cut
ads to develop into final ads for the 2018 Tips
From Former Smokers®
(Tips®)
campaign.
Intended use
of the resulting data: The resulting data will ensure that
final ads are clear, credible, believable, and effective in
motivating smokers to quit smoking conventional cigarettes
completely.
Methods to
be used to collect data: Quantitative methods will be used to
collect data on seven rough cut ads. Quantitative data will be
collected through 15-minute online surveys (which include a
screener and a questionnaire) of 5,863 respondents. The survey will
collect information about the participants’ reactions to the
rough cut ads as well as basic demographic and cigarette use
information in order to understand whether and how these factors
may influence individuals’ responses to these messages.
Populations to be studied: The study population will be
adult cigarette smokers and nonsmokers 18-54 years old. How data
will be analyzed: The resulting data will be analyzed using
statistical techniques for quantitative data. Data will be analyzed
using aggregate measures such as percentages and means. Analyses
will focus on whether participants’ evaluations of ad
clarity, credibility, believability, and effectiveness differ
across ads. Additionally, data from open-ended questions (e.g.,
about the main message of the ad) will be analyzed qualitatively
using thematic analysis.
Part A. Justification for Information Collection
A.1 Circumstances Making the Collection of Information Necessary
While significant improvements have been made in reducing the smoking rate in the United States since the first Surgeon General’s Report came out more than 50 years ago, cigarette smoking is still the leading cause of preventable disease and death in the United States, accounting for more than 480,000 deaths every year, or one of every five deaths (U.S.Department of Health and Human Services (HHS, 2014). In addition, more than 16 million Americans live with a smoking-related disease (HHS, 2014). The prevalence of cigarette smoking among adults has declined from 42% in 1965 to 15% in 2015 (HHS, 2014; CDC 2016). In March 2012, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) launched the first-ever paid national tobacco education campaign—Tips From Former Smokers® (Tips®). The Tips campaign profiles real people who are living with serious long-term health effects from smoking and secondhand smoke exposure. The primary audience is smokers ages 18 through 54. Secondary audiences include family members, health care providers, and faith communities. The goals of the Tips® campaign are to:
Build public awareness of the immediate health damage caused by smoking and exposure to secondhand smoke;
Encourage smokers to quit, and let them know that free help is available, and;
Encourage smokers not to smoke around others and encourage nonsmokers to protect themselves and their families from exposure to secondhand smoke.
To date, the Tips® campaign has had a significant impact on cessation behaviors among U.S. adult smokers over time because of the continued use of graphic, hard-hitting, emotional ads (Davis, Patel, Shafer, Duke, Glover-Kudon, Ridgeway, & Cox, 2017). For example, the 2012 campaign motivated an estimated 1.64 million smokers to make a quit attempt (McAfee, Davis, Alexander, Pechacek, & Bunnell, 2013) and more than 100,000 smokers to remain quit. Following the launch of the nine-week Phase 2 2014 campaign, an estimated 1.83 million smokers attempted to quit smoking, 1.73 million additional smokers intended to quit within six months, and 104,000 smokers were able to stay quit for at least six month (CDC, 2016). The Tips® campaign has also been associated with increased knowledge of tobacco-related health risks (Huang, Thrasher, Abad, Cummings, Bansal-Travers, Brown, & Nagelhout, 2015.) Finally, in the first year of the campaign alone, an estimated 6 million nonsmokers talked with friends and family about the dangers of smoking. More information about the impact of the campaign can be found at cdc.gov/TipsImpact.
Given that 480,000 smokers still die every year, it is important to continue a national tobacco education campaign that motives smokers to try and quit, and let them know that free resources are available to help them if needed. Standard accepted advertising practices include developing new advertisements in order to continue to motive the audience to change their behavior. Some of the ads that aired as part of the 2017 ad buy have been used every year since the 2012 launch. CDC’s Office on Smoking and Health (OSH), in collaboration with their contractor, The Plowshare Group, and subcontractors, Qualtrics and Battelle, will test a set of rough cut ads that will be aired as part of the 2018 media buy.
Rough cut testing is a standard advertising research activity used in the development of communication campaigns and is the step that immediately precedes the development of final ads. Rough cut testing is crucial to ensuring that the ad informs the target audience of the health consequences caused by smoking cigarettes and motivates them to take action (e.g., quit smoking cigarettes or talk to a loved one about the dangers of smoking cigarettes). The objective of the proposed study is to test seven rough cut ads among adult smokers and nonsmokers ages 18-54.
In order to assess how the rough cut ads are perceived across a number of measures, including perceived effectiveness, believability, comprehension, and emotional reactions, a total of 666 respondents in the overall sample will view each rough cut ad (333 cigarette smokers and 333 nonsmokers). Additionally, rough cut testing is a way to measure any unanticipated confusion, ambiguity, or lack of understanding of the advertisement’s message.
A.2 Purpose and Use of Information Collection
The proposed testing is part of a collection of ICRs submitted under a dedicated generic clearance to develop campaign advertisements. The program received OMB approval for a previous data collection request in May 2017 (OMB No. 0920-0910). If this data collection is not performed, CDC will not know whether these rough cut ads communicate credibly and effectively with the target audience. This could result in the production of ads that are not effective in encouraging smokers to quit.
Potential participants will be recruited from an existing, online, convenience panel managed by Toluna (see http://www.toluna-group.com//choose-the-people#global-reach for more detail on this panel). The panel provider maintains demographic information about panelists in its proprietary database, which is not released (see Toluna Privacy Policy, Attachment 6), and this information will be used to ensure that the invitation to participate in this project (Attachment 1) will target only individuals who are likely to be eligible. An online, project-specific screener (Attachment 2) will be used to confirm respondents’ age and tobacco use behavior.
Following the screening process, eligible respondents will complete the online questionnaire (Attachment 3). The purpose of the online questionnaire is to show participants the rough cut ads and measure demographic characteristics, tobacco use behaviors and perceptions, and reactions to the ads (e.g., perceived effectiveness (PE) (Davis, Duke, Shafer et al., 2017), confusion, believability, emotional response, effect on motivation to quit smoking, etc.). Participants will be randomized to one of the seven rough cut ads being tested. Randomization of participants to view the different ads being tested ensures that there is a similar distribution of individuals with different measured and unmeasured characteristics across ads. The number of persons viewing each rough cut ad is approximately even to ensure descriptive comparisons can be made rather than robust statistical comparisons. Overall, the study design guarantees high internal validity even though external validity (i.e., generalizability) is low because of the volunteer sample. The study design is summarized in Figure A.1.
Figure A.1. Diagram of Study Design, Enrollment, Allocation, and Analyses
Key variables that will be measured are summarized in Table A.2 below:
Table A.2. Key Variables
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A.3 Use of Improved Information Technology and Burden Reduction
During data collection, all information (from the screener and the questionnaire) will be collected electronically utilizing an integrated Web-based software platform. Web-based surveys are an especially convenient option for eliciting feedback on visual and textual stimuli such as the rough cut ads to be tested. The use of a web-based platform also offers a number of benefits for managing the quantitative data collection:
First, use of an existing online panel will allow CDC to obtain information quickly so that needed adjustments to health messaging can be made expeditiously and campaign development can progress rapidly from planning to implementation. The panel used for this testing is very large (more than 1.7 million people in the U.S.), allowing quick selection of participants from extremely small subgroups of the population. Samples from this panel are not designed to generate nationally representative samples or precise population parameters but rather are used as a highly efficient, low cost, and low burden method of data collection for formative rough cut testing.
Second, when a respondent enters the screener for this project, the link to his or her identifiable information is severed (i.e., the link to the identifiable information maintained by the panel provider). None of the information collected through screening or the online questionnaire is identifiable, providing a secure environment for participants.
Third, this technology permits participants to complete the instruments in private. Providing the participant with a methodology that improves privacy makes reporting of potentially embarrassing or stigmatizing behaviors (e.g., tobacco use) less threatening and enhances response validity and response rates.
Finally, the web-based software system includes embedded logic that will route respondents efficiently through the screener and onto the online questionnaire (or a “thank you” screen, if the respondent is found to be ineligible). This approach can increase participation rates (which decreases time and costs related to information collection procedures) by reducing the number of respondents needed to complete the screener in order to achieve the desired enrolled sample size (i.e., by reducing drop off between the screener and questionnaire).
Overall, the software supports an efficient assignment and routing process, as well as a smooth user experience that would be difficult to attain in other modes of data collection.
A.4 Efforts to Identify Duplication and Use of Similar Information
The U.S. Department of Health and Human Service’s Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation (ASPE) has reviewed this proposed collection of information, and has determined that it does not duplicate other collections. To prepare for data collection, CDC reviewed existing published literature, and unpublished qualitative pretesting reports (e.g., the findings from previous formative testing) when they were available.
OSH collaborates with other federal government agencies that sponsor or endorse health communication projects, such as FDA’s Center for Tobacco Products (CTP). Staff members in OSH’s Health Communications Branch work closely with staff in CTP’s Office of Health Communication and Education. Regularly scheduled conference calls are held to review plans and share research findings of mutual interest. These collaborations serve as information channels, help prevent redundancy, and promote use of consistent measures of effectiveness. Coordination activities include the review of data collection instruments and other support materials for testing purposes.
FDA CTP is investing in a number of public education campaigns aimed at youth and young adults, such as The Real Cost, Fresh Empire, and This Free Life to educate them about the dangers of regulated tobacco products. Additionally FDA is planning a new campaign focused at the point of purchase which aims to prevent a relapse or get smokers who may have slipped to try to quit again. FDA’s media placement will be exclusively in and around convenience stores and will target smokers ages 25-54. They are planning to place these ads in a limited number of markets beginning January, 2018.
CDC will share the findings of this information collection effort with CTP to ensure that message and campaign development is complementary and not duplicative.
Points of contact for this coordination are:
CDC: Brian Armour, Associate Director for Science, Office of the Associate Director for Science, telephone (404) 498-3014, email [email protected]
CDC: Israel Agaku, Senior Service Fellow, Office of the Associate Director for Science, telephone (770) 488-5138, email [email protected]
CDC: Satomi Odani, Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Fellow, Office of the Associate Director for Science, telephone (404) 649-2586, email [email protected]
CDC: Diane Beistle, Chief, Health Communications Branch, telephone (770) 488-5066, email [email protected]
CDC: Lindsey McCarter, Team Lead, Campaign Development, Health Communications Branch, telephone (770) 488-4239, email [email protected]
CDC: Michelle O’Hegarty, Health Communications Specialist, Campaign Development, Health Communications Branch, telephone (770) 488-5582, email [email protected]FDA: Matthew Walker, Senior Health Scientist, Office of Health Communication and Education, telephone (240) 402-3824, email [email protected]
A.5 Impact on Small Business or Other Small Entities
This data collection will not involve small businesses or other small entities.
A.6 Consequences of Collecting the Information Less Frequently
This is a one-time information collection request.
A.7 Special Circumstances Relating to the Guidelines of 5 CFR 1320.5
There are no special circumstances that require data collection to be conducted in a manner inconsistent with 5 CFR 1320.5 (d) (2). The information collection fully complies with the guidelines in 5 CFR 1320.5.
A.8 Comments in Response to the Federal Register Notice and Efforts to Consult Outside the Agency
A.8.a Federal Register Announcement
A Notice was published in the Federal Register on August 11, 2014, volume 79, number 154, pp. 46829-46830). CDC received one comment stating that the respondent did not agree with ongoing data collection on smoking that is “wasteful” to taxpayers. CDC provided a courtesy response.
A.8.b Consultations
The Tips® campaign has been funded primarily with funds from the Affordable Care Act/Public Health Fund designated for smoking education since 2010. CDC did not consult outside of the agency on the rough cut ads.
A.9 Explanation of Any Payments or Gift to Respondents
Participants will be drawn from the established Toluna panel system, which provides points to panelists to encourage participation (see Attachment 4: Toluna’s Terms and Conditions). Immediately upon completion of the survey, each respondent will be provided with points equivalent to $0.50. These points are accrued with other points when the panelist takes part in other surveys. At any time, the panelist can redeem their points for different products, such as gift cards. Studies have indicated that a monetary gift can increase response rates (Church, 1993; Greenbaum, 2000; Haveman, 2010).
A.10
Protection of the Privacy and Confidentiality of Information Provided
by Respondents
This
submission has been reviewed by staff in CDC’s National Center
for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, who determined
that the Privacy Act does not apply.
This
determination is based on the fact no personal identifiers will be
collected in this study to reduce the likelihood of identification or
re-identification. CDC has contracted with The PlowShare Group for
this information collection and The PlowShare Group’s data
collection and formative research subcontractors are Qualtrics
and Battelle. All data collected and
delivered
to CDC from The PlowShare Group’s data collection and formative
research subcontractors will be in aggregate form only. Further, the
information that will be reported to and maintained by CDC is not
considered a record as defined by the Privacy Act: it will not
include individuals’ education,
financial transactions, medical history, and criminal or employment
history and name, or the identifying number, symbol, or other
identifier assigned to any individual, such as a finger or voice
print or a photograph. Staff
from CDC, Qualtrics, and Battelle participated in planning the
information collection; staff from each will interpret data but will
not receive any Personally Identifiable Information (PII) on the
respondents. Battelle’s Institutional Review Board (IRB)
reviewed and approved this study (Attachment 5). The IRB’s
primary concern is protecting respondents’ rights, one of which
is maintaining the privacy of
participant information to the fullest extent of the law.
Privacy and Confidentiality of Online Questionnaire System
All information for the self-administered screening process and self-administered questionnaire will be collected electronically in a secure, web-based data collection system (as described in Section A2 and Part B). The identifiable information about Toluna panelists is maintained in a proprietary records system and is not released to CDC or other contractors/subcontractors (see Attachment 6: Toluna Privacy Policy). Although demographic information (e.g., age) and tobacco use status will be confirmed through screening, no direct personal identifiers (e.g., date of birth [including day, month, year], name, phone number, address, email address, social security number, photograph, biometric information, or any other unique identifier that can be linked to an individual) will be collected or maintained as part of the Screener or Questionnaire (Attachments 2 and 3). A system of records notice (SORN) is not required because (1) the information collected is not considered a record as defined by the Privacy Act and (2) the records are not retrieved using a personal identifier.
When the respondent begins the questionnaire, all identifiable links to the existing system of records are severed. As such, because it does not exist, CDC will not have direct contact with or access to any PII about participants during this stage. Toluna does have access to the email address of panel subscribers, but no match back is possible with the survey response data. IP addresses will not be stored by the online questionnaire system, and no first- or third-party cookies will be stored during questionnaire completion. No link between the respondent’s email and the specific survey is made after the potential respondent clicks on the link to start the survey.
Data
Security
All
findings will be reported in the aggregate only. All information will
be stored on password-protected databases to which only Qualtrics
employees working on this project have access. Qualtrics will keep
the quantitative data in non-aggregate form for six months after
information collection has been completed, and then the
respondent-level data will be deleted from the password-protected
databases. Qualtrics will provide CDC and Battelle with the
de-identified data, to be used for analyses. Only CDC, Qualtrics, and
Battelle employees involved in data analysis will have access to the
data. CDC will handle the de-identified data in accordance with the
record control schedule (maintained at least six years, but no longer
than ten years). No desktop or laptop computer will contain any PII.
To prevent unauthorized access to their data servers (such as
“hacking”), Qualtrics is currently certified and has
achieved the distinguished ISO 27001 accreditation. With this
achievement, Qualtrics’ data systems have assurance that all
data will be managed in a secure environment. This means that
Qualtrics has been formally audited and has been certified compliant
with the standard ISO 27001 accreditation. CDC will retain and
destroy records in accordance with the applicable CDC Records Control
Schedule (Table
A.3.).
Table A.3. Access Controls |
||
Technical Controls |
Physical Controls |
Administrative Controls |
|
|
|
A.11 Institutional Review Board (IRB) and Justification for Sensitive Questions.
IRB Approval
All procedures have been developed in accordance with federal, state, and local guidelines to ensure that the rights and privacy of participants are protected and maintained. Battelle’s IRB has reviewed the application for this data collection and determined it to be exempt (Attachment 5).
Sensitive Questions
The majority of questions asked in the Online Questionnaire Recruitment Screener (Attachment 2) and Online Questionnaire (Attachment 3) will not be of a sensitive nature. There will be no requests for a respondent’s Social Security Number (SSN). Questions asked during the screening about tobacco use and some demographic information (e.g., age) could be considered sensitive, although these items would not generally be considered highly sensitive. It will also be necessary to ask some questions considered to be sensitive in order to assess individuals’ attitudes and behaviors about tobacco products and to test ads about the specific health behavior of cigarette smoking. These items are not generally considered highly sensitive either. Participants will be informed of the applicable privacy safeguards. Sensitive information will only be requested when necessary to describe sample characteristics (e.g., age). Such questions will include a “prefer not to answer” option. This study also includes a number of procedures and methodological characteristics that will minimize potential negative reactions to potentially sensitive questions, including the following:
The online questionnaire is entirely self-administered and maximizes participant privacy by being conducted online, without the need to verbalize responses.
Participants will be provided with a phone number and email for the principal investigator and for the IRB, should they have any questions or concerns about the study or their rights as a study participant.
A.12 Estimates of Annualized Burden Hours and Costs
The data collection includes a 15-minute (combined) screener and online questionnaire. The seven rough cut ads will be tested with approximately 666 respondents for each ad (333 cigarette smokers and 333 nonsmokers), for a total of 4,662 respondents. To obtain this sample size, approximately 5,863 respondents are anticipated to complete the online screener (Attachment 2); this estimate is based on two factors from prior experiences in the field. First, it is anticipated that roughly 18 percent of screener respondents (n=1,056) will be deemed ineligible for the study because of not meeting inclusion criteria. Second, of those deemed eligible, an estimated additional approximately three percent (n=145) will start but not complete the questionnaire. Thus, 4,807 respondents are needed to obtain the sample size of 4,662. Part B explains in greater detail the calculations behind these sample sizes.
The burden per respondent for completing the screener is two minutes. The total estimated burden for respondents who complete the screener (N=5,863) is 195 hours. The burden per respondent for completing the online questionnaire is 13 minutes. The total estimated burden for those who complete the questionnaire (n=4,662) is 1,010 hours. Those who start but do not complete the questionnaire are estimated to spend about one-half of that time (7 minutes) on the questionnaire. Thus, the total estimated burden for those who start but do not complete the online questionnaire (n=145) is 17 hours. The total estimated burden for the entire project is 1,222 hours.
Table A.12.A., Estimated Annualized Burden
Type of Respondent |
Form Name |
Number of Respondents |
Number of Responses per Respondent |
Average Burden per Response (in hours) |
Total Burden (in hours) |
Adult cigarette smokers and nonsmokers 18-54 years old. |
Online Questionnaire Recruitment Screener (Attachment 2) |
5,863 |
1 |
2/60 |
195 |
|
Online Questionnaire (Attachment 3) |
4,662 |
1 |
13/60 |
1,010 |
|
|
145 |
1 |
7/60 |
17 |
There will be an equal number of smokers and nonsmokers
Table A.12.B Estimated Annualized Cost to Respondents
Type of Respondent |
Form Name |
Number of Respondents |
Number of Responses per Respondent |
Average Burden per Response (hours) |
Total Burden (hours) |
Hour Wage Rate |
Total Cost |
Adult cigarette smokers and nonsmokers 18-54 years old. |
Online Questionnaire Recruitment Screener (Attachment 2) |
5,863 |
1 |
2/60 |
195 |
$23 |
$4,485 |
|
Online Questionnaire (Attachment 3) |
4,662 |
1 |
13/60 |
1,010 |
$23 |
$23,230 |
|
|
145 |
1 |
7/60 |
17 |
$23 |
$391 |
The estimated cost of the time devoted to this information collection by respondents is $28,106 as summarized in Table A.12.B. To calculate this cost, we used the mean hourly wage of $23, which represents the Department of Labor estimated mean for state, local, and private industry earnings (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2016). There are no direct costs to respondents associated with participation in this information collection.
A.13 Estimates of Other Annual Cost Burden to Respondents and Record Keepers
There will be no respondent capital and maintenance costs.
A.14 Annualized Cost to the Government
Approximately 6.25% of one full-time equivalent (FTE) and 1.9% of one senior manager will be required to oversee the information collection activities for one month. Responsibilities will include internal coordination and review of materials and reports and maintaining proper accounting of burden hours. The agency estimates that it will take a GS-13, at a wage rate of $55.01/hour, approximately 10 hours to manage the project, totaling about $550.00. It is estimated to take a GS-15, at a wage rate of $64.70/hour, approximately three hours to oversee the total project, totaling $194.00. The total average annualized cost to the government for CDC oversight is $744.
Contractors will conduct the majority of information collection and management activities on CDC’s behalf. The total cost of the data collection contractors is $97,000 which includes consultation, instrument design and development, respondent incentives, data collection and analysis, and final report. Qualtrics will collect the information from the participants. Activities are coordinated through a contract with The PlowShare Group, a specialist in media campaigns. The grand total cost for the project, including government and contractor cost, is $97,744.
Table A.6. Total Project Costs
Government Personnel |
Percent Time Commitment |
Hour Time Commitment |
Hourly Basic Rate |
Total |
GS-13 |
6.25% |
10 |
$55.01 |
$550 |
GS-15 |
1.9% |
3 |
$64.70 |
$194 |
Subtotal, Government Personnel Contract Costs Total Costs |
$744 |
|||
$97,000 |
||||
$97,744 |
||||
A.15 Explanation for Program Changes or Adjustments
This is a new data collection.
A.16 Plans for Tabulation and Publication and Project Time Schedule
Data Tabulation Plans
The information will be used to inform the development of final advertisements for the 2018 Tips® campaign. It is anticipated that information collection will begin December 7, 2017 so an OMB approval date of December 6, 2017 is requested. The resulting quantitative data will be analyzed using conventional tabulation techniques. These dates may be adjusted depending on the approval process of this package.
Publication and Dissemination Plans
These ads will be used as part of the 2018 media buy, which is anticipated to launch in the second quarter of 2018. The ads will be aired nationally on cable and network television. The launch date may be adjusted depending on the final clearance of ads.
Project Time Schedule
Table A.7 Project Time Schedule
Activity |
Time Schedule |
Email invitations sent to respondents for quantitative testing |
1-30 days after OMB approval |
Online data collection |
1-30 days after OMB approval |
Complete field work |
30-45 days after OMB approval |
Validation |
45-55 days after OMB approval |
Data analysis |
55-65 days after OMB approval |
Report writing |
65-150 days after OMB approval |
A.17 Reason(s) Display of OMB Expiration is Inappropriate
An exemption to this requirement is not being requested. The expiration date of OMB approval will be displayed on all information collection instruments.
A.18 Exceptions to Certification for Paperwork Reduction Act Submissions
There are no exceptions to the certification.
References
Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2016). May 2015 National Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates - United States Retrieved from http://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes_nat.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2016). Current Cigarette Smoking Among Adults — United States, 2005–2015. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep, 65(44), 1205–1211. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6544a2
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2016). Tips From Former Smokers: About the Campaign. Retrieved November 4, 2016, from http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/about/index.html?s_cid=OSH_tips_D9393
Church, A. H. (1993). Estimating the effect of incentives on mail survey response rates: A meta-analysis. Public opinion quarterly, 57(1), 62-79.
Davis, K.C., Patel, D., Shafer, P., Duke, J., Glover-Kudon, R., Ridgeway, W., & Cox, S. (2017). Association between media doeses of the Tips From Former Smokers campaign and cessation behaviors and intentions to quit among cigarette smokers, 2012-2015. Health Education & Behavior,1-9.
Davis, K. C., Duke, J., Shafer, P., Patel, D., Rodes, R., & Beistle, D. (2017). Perceived effectiveness of antismoking ads and association with quit attempts among smokers: Evidence from the tips from former smokers campaign. Health communication, 32(8), 931-938. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). (2014). The Health Consequences of Smoking—50 Years of Progress: A Report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta, GA: US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health.
Greenbaum, R. T. (2000). Selecting the right site: where do states locate place-based economic development programs? Paper presented at the Proceedings. Annual Conference on Taxation and Minutes of the Annual Meeting of the National Tax Association.
Haveman, R. H. (2010). Principles to guide the development of population health incentives. Prev Chronic Dis, 7(5), A94.
Huang, L.L., Thrasher, J.F., Abad, E.N., Cummings, K.M., Bansal-Travers, M. Brown, A., Nagelhout, G.E. (2015). The U.S. national Tips From Former Smokers antismoking campaign: Promoting awareness of smoking-related risks, cessation resouces, and cessation behaviors. Health Education & Behavior, 42, 480-486.
McAfee, T., Davis, K. C., Alexander, R. L., Pechacek, T. F., & Bunnell, R. (2013). Effect of the first federally funded US antismoking national media campaign. The Lancet, 382(9909), 2003-2011.
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