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pdfStandard BAL‐001‐2 – Real Power Balancing Control Performance
A. Introduction
1.
Title:
Real Power Balancing Control Performance
2.
Number:
BAL‐001‐2
3.
Purpose:
To control Interconnection frequency within defined limits.
4.
Applicability:
4.1. Balancing Authority
4.1.1 A Balancing Authority receiving Overlap Regulation Service is not subject
to Control Performance Standard 1 (CPS1) or Balancing Authority ACE
Limit (BAAL) compliance evaluation.
4.1.2 A Balancing Authority that is a member of a Regulation Reserve Sharing
Group is the Responsible Entity only in periods during which the
Balancing Authority is not in active status under the applicable
agreement or the governing rules for the Regulation Reserve Sharing
Group.
4.2. Regulation Reserve Sharing Group
5.
(Proposed) Effective Date:
5.1.
First day of the first calendar quarter that is twelve months beyond the date
that this standard is approved by applicable regulatory authorities, or in those
jurisdictions where regulatory approval is not required, the standard becomes
effective the first day of the first calendar quarter that is twelve months
beyond the date this standard is approved by the NERC Board of Trustees, or as
otherwise made effective pursuant to the laws applicable to such ERO
governmental authorities.
B. Requirements
R1.
The Responsible Entity shall operate such that the Control Performance Standard 1
(CPS1), calculated in accordance with Attachment 1, is greater than or equal to 100
percent for the applicable Interconnection in which it operates for each preceding 12
consecutive calendar month period, evaluated monthly. [Violation Risk Factor:
Medium] [Time Horizon: Real‐time Operations]
R2.
Each Balancing Authority shall operate such that its clock‐minute average of Reporting
ACE does not exceed its clock‐minute Balancing Authority ACE Limit (BAAL) for more
than 30 consecutive clock‐minutes, calculated in accordance with Attachment 2, for
the applicable Interconnection in which the Balancing Authority operates.[Violation
Risk Factor: Medium] [Time Horizon: Real‐time Operations]
C. Measures
M1. The Responsible Entity shall provide evidence, upon request, such as dated calculation
output from spreadsheets, system logs, software programs, or other evidence (either
in hard copy or electronic format) to demonstrate compliance with Requirement R1.
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Standard BAL‐001‐2 – Real Power Balancing Control Performance
M2. Each Balancing Authority shall provide evidence, upon request, such as dated
calculation output from spreadsheets, system logs, software programs, or other
evidence (either in hard copy or electronic format) to demonstrate compliance with
Requirement R2.
D. Compliance
1.
Compliance Monitoring Process
1.1. Compliance Enforcement Authority
As defined in the NERC Rules of Procedure, “Compliance Enforcement Authority”
means NERC or the Regional Entity in their respective roles of monitoring and
enforcing compliance with the NERC Reliability Standards.
1.2. Data Retention
The following evidence retention periods identify the period of time an entity is
required to retain specific evidence to demonstrate compliance. For instances
where the evidence retention period specified below is shorter than the time
since the last audit, the Compliance Enforcement Authority may ask an entity to
provide other evidence to show that it was compliant for the full‐time period
since the last audit.
The Responsible Entity shall retain data or evidence to show compliance for the
current year, plus three previous calendar years unless, directed by its
Compliance Enforcement Authority, to retain specific evidence for a longer
period of time as part of an investigation. Data required for the calculation of
Regulation Reserve Sharing Group Reporting Ace, or Reporting ACE, CPS1, and
BAAL shall be retained in digital format at the same scan rate at which the
Reporting ACE is calculated for the current year, plus three previous calendar
years.
If a Responsible Entity is found noncompliant, it shall keep information related to
the noncompliance until found compliant, or for the time period specified above,
whichever is longer.
The Compliance Enforcement Authority shall keep the last audit records and all
subsequent requested and submitted records.
1.3. Compliance Monitoring and Assessment Processes
Compliance Audits
Self‐Certifications
Spot Checking
Compliance Investigation
Self‐Reporting
Complaints
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Standard BAL‐001‐2 – Real Power Balancing Control Performance
1.4. Additional Compliance Information
None.
2.
Violation Severity Levels
R
#
Lower VSL
R1 The CPS 1 value
of the
Responsible
Entity, for the
preceding 12
consecutive
calendar month
period, is less
than 100
percent but
greater than or
equal to 95
percent for the
applicable
Interconnection.
R2 The Balancing
Authority
exceeded its
clock‐minute
BAAL for more
than 30
consecutive
clock minutes
but for 45
consecutive
clock‐minutes
or less for the
applicable
Interconnection.
Moderate VSL
High VSL
Severe VSL
The CPS 1 value
of the
Responsible
Entity, for the
preceding 12
consecutive
calendar month
period, is less
than 95 percent,
but greater than
or equal to 90
percent for the
applicable
Interconnection.
The CPS 1 value
of the
Responsible
Entity, for the
preceding 12
consecutive
calendar month
period, is less
than 90 percent,
but greater than
or equal to 85
percent for the
applicable
Interconnection.
The CPS 1 value of the
Responsible Entity, for
the preceding 12
consecutive calendar
month period, is less
than 85 percent for the
applicable
Interconnection.
The Balancing
Authority
exceeded its
clock‐minute
BAAL for greater
than 45
consecutive
clock minutes
but for 60
consecutive
clock‐minutes
or less for the
applicable
Interconnection.
The Balancing
Authority
exceeded its
clock‐minute
BAAL for greater
than 60
consecutive
clock minutes
but for 75
consecutive
clock‐minutes
or less for the
applicable
Interconnection.
The Balancing Authority
exceeded its clock‐
minute BAAL for greater
than 75 consecutive
clock‐minutes for the
applicable
Interconnection.
E. Regional Variances
None.
F. Associated Documents
BAL‐001‐2, Real Power Balancing Control Performance Standard Background Document
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Standard BAL‐001‐2 – Real Power Balancing Control Performance
Version History
Version
Date
Action
Change Tracking
0
February 8,
2005
BOT Approval
New
0
April 1, 2005
Effective Implementation Date
New
0
August 8, 2005
Removed “Proposed” from Effective Date
Errata
0
July 24, 2007
Corrected R3 to reference M1 and M2
instead of R1 and R2
Errata
0a
December 19,
2007
Added Appendix 2 – Interpretation of R1
approved by BOT on October 23, 2007
Revised
0a
January 16,
2008
In Section A.2., Added “a” to end of
standard number
In Section F, corrected automatic
numbering from “2” to “1” and removed
“approved” and added parenthesis to
“(October 23, 2007)”
Errata
0
January 23,
2008
Reversed errata change from July 24, 2007
Errata
0.1a
October 29,
2008
Board approved errata changes; updated
version number to “0.1a”
Errata
0.1a
May 13, 2009
Approved by FERC
1
Inclusion of BAAL and WECC Variance and
exclusion of CPS2
Revision
1
December 19,
2012
Adopted by NERC Board of Trustees
2
August 15, 2013
Adopted by the NERC Board of Trustees
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Standard BAL‐001‐2 – Real Power Balancing Control Performance
Attachment 1
Equations Supporting Requirement R1 and Measure M1
CPS1 is calculated as follows:
CPS1 = (2 ‐ CF) * 100%
The frequency‐related compliance factor (CF), is a ratio of the accumulating clock‐minute
compliance parameters for the most recent preceding 12 consecutive calendar months,
divided by the square of the target frequency bound:
CF =
CF
12 ‐ month
(ε1I ) 2
Where ε1I is the constant derived from a targeted frequency bound for each
Interconnection as follows:
Eastern Interconnection ε1I = 0.018 Hz
Western Interconnection ε1I = 0.0228 Hz
ERCOT Interconnection ε1I = 0.030 Hz
Quebec Interconnection ε1I = 0.021 Hz
The rating index CF12‐month is derived from the most recent preceding 12 consecutive
calendar months of data. The accumulating clock‐minute compliance parameters are
derived from the one‐minute averages of Reporting ACE, Frequency Error, and Frequency
Bias Settings.
A clock‐minute average is the average of the reporting Balancing Authority’s valid
measured variable (i.e., for Reporting ACE (RACE) and for Frequency Error) for each
sampling cycle during a given clock‐minute.
RACE
10 B clock-minute
RACE
sampling cycles in clock - minute
nsampling cycles in clock-minute
- 10B
And,
F
Fclock -minute
sampling cycles in clock - minute
nsampling cycles in clock -minute
The Balancing Authority’s clock‐minute compliance factor (CF clock‐minute) calculation is:
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Standard BAL‐001‐2 – Real Power Balancing Control Performance
RACE
* Fclock-minute
CFclock- minute
10 B clock-minute
Normally, 60 clock‐minute averages of the reporting Balancing Authority’s Reporting ACE
and Frequency Error will be used to compute the hourly average compliance factor (CF clock‐
hour).
CFclock-hour
CF
clock - minute
nclock-minute samples in hour
The reporting Balancing Authority shall be able to recalculate and store each of the
respective clock‐hour averages (CF clock‐hour average‐month) and the data samples for each 24‐
hour period (one for each clock‐hour; i.e., hour ending (HE) 0100, HE 0200, ..., HE 2400).
To calculate the monthly compliance factor (CF month):
[(CF
[n
clock - hour
CFclock - hour average -month
)( none -minute samples in clock -hour )]
days -in - month
one - minute samples in clock - hour
days -in month
[(CF
clock - hour average - month
CFmonth
hours -in - day
[n
]
)( none - minute samples in clock - hour averages )]
one - minute samples in clock - hour averages
]
hours -in day
To calculate the 12‐month compliance factor (CF 12 month):
12
CF12-month
(CF
month -i
i 1
)(none-minute samples in month i )]
12
[n
i 1
( one - minute samples in month)-i
]
To ensure that the average Reporting ACE and Frequency Error calculated for any one‐
minute interval is representative of that time interval, it is necessary that at least 50
percent of both the Reporting ACE and Frequency Error sample data during the one‐
minute interval is valid. If the recording of Reporting ACE or Frequency Error is interrupted
such that less than 50 percent of the one‐minute sample period data is available or valid,
then that one‐minute interval is excluded from the CPS1 calculation.
A Balancing Authority providing Overlap Regulation Service to another Balancing Authority
calculates its CPS1 performance after combining its Reporting ACE and Frequency Bias
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Standard BAL‐001‐2 – Real Power Balancing Control Performance
Settings with the Reporting ACE and Frequency Bias Settings of the Balancing Authority
receiving the Regulation Service.
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Standard BAL‐001‐2 – Real Power Balancing Control Performance
Attachment 2
Equations Supporting Requirement R2 and Measure M2
When actual frequency is equal to Scheduled Frequency, BAALHigh and BAALLow do not apply.
When actual frequency is less than Scheduled Frequency, BAALHigh does not apply, and
BAALLow is calculated as:
BAAL Low 10 Bi FTL Low FS
FTL Low FS
FA FS
When actual frequency is greater than Scheduled Frequency, BAALLow does not apply and
the BAALHigh is calculated as:
BAALHigh 10 Bi FTLHigh FS
FTL
High
FS
FA FS
Where:
BAALLow is the Low Balancing Authority ACE Limit (MW)
BAALHigh is the High Balancing Authority ACE Limit (MW)
10 is a constant to convert the Frequency Bias Setting from MW/0.1 Hz to MW/Hz
Bi is the Frequency Bias Setting for a Balancing Authority (expressed as MW/0.1 Hz)
FA is the measured frequency in Hz.
FS is the scheduled frequency in Hz.
FTLLow is the Low Frequency Trigger Limit (calculated as FS ‐ 3ε1I Hz)
FTLHigh is the High Frequency Trigger Limit (calculated as FS + 3ε1I Hz)
Where ε1I is the constant derived from a targeted frequency bound for each
Interconnection as follows:
Eastern Interconnection ε1I = 0.018 Hz
Western Interconnection ε1I = 0.0228 Hz
ERCOT Interconnection ε1I = 0.030 Hz
Quebec Interconnection ε1I = 0.021 Hz
To ensure that the average actual frequency calculated for any one‐minute interval is
representative of that time interval, it is necessary that at least 50% of the actual
frequency sample data during that one‐minute interval is valid. If the recording of actual
frequency is interrupted such that less than 50 percent of the one‐minute sample period
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Standard BAL‐001‐2 – Real Power Balancing Control Performance
data is available or valid, then that one‐minute interval is excluded from the BAAL
calculation and the 30‐minute clock would be reset to zero.
A Balancing Authority providing Overlap Regulation Service to another Balancing Authority
calculates its BAAL performance after combining its Frequency Bias Setting with the
Frequency Bias Setting of the Balancing Authority receiving Overlap Regulation Service.
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