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Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 40 / Thursday, March 1, 2007 / Rules and Regulations
(viii) In the absence of coccidiosis in
broiler chickens the use of monensin
with no withdrawal period may limit
feed intake resulting in reduced weight
gain.
(9) * * *
(iv) Chickens: See paragraphs (d)(8)(i)
through (d)(8)(vi), and (d)(8)(viii) of this
section.
(v) Turkeys: See paragraphs (d)(8)(i),
(d)(8)(ii), (d)(8)(iii), and (d)(8)(vii) of this
section.
(vi) Quail: See paragraphs (d)(8)(i),
(d)(8)(ii), and (d)(8)(iii) of this section.
(10) * * *
(iv) Chickens: See paragraphs (d)(8)(i),
(d)(8)(iv), (d)(8)(v), (d)(8)(vi), and
(d)(8)(viii) of this section.
(v) Turkeys: See paragraphs (d)(8)(i)
and (d)(8)(vii) of this section.
(vi) Quail: See paragraph (d)(8)(i) of
this section.
*
*
*
*
*
Dated: February 12, 2007.
Steven D. Vaughn,
Director, Office of New Animal Drug
Evaluation, Center for Veterinary Medicine.
[FR Doc. E7–3621 Filed 2–28–07; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4160–01–S

DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND
HUMAN SERVICES

to NADA 141–258 for use of ZILMAX
(zilpaterol hydrochloride 4.8%) Type A
medicated article to formulate Type B
and Type C medicated cattle feeds. The
supplemental NADA provides for the
removal of a caution statement against
the formulation of pelleted feeds from
labeling. The supplemental NADA is
approved as of January 29, 2007, and the
regulations are amended in 21 CFR
558.665 to reflect the approval.
Approval of this supplemental NADA
did not require review of additional
safety or effectiveness data or
information. Therefore, a freedom of
information summary is not required.
FDA has determined under 21 CFR
25.33(a)(1) that this action is of a type
that does not individually or
cumulatively have a significant effect on
the human environment. Therefore,
neither an environmental assessment
nor an environmental impact statement
is required.
This rule does not meet the definition
of ‘‘rule’’ in 5 U.S.C. 804(3)(A) because
it is a rule of ‘‘particular applicability.’’
Therefore, it is not subject to the
congressional review requirements in 5
U.S.C. 801–808.
List of Subjects in 21 CFR Part 558

Food and Drug Administration

Animal drugs, Animal feeds.

New Animal Drugs For Use in Animal
Feeds; Zilpaterol
AGENCY:

Food and Drug Administration,

HHS.
ACTION:

Final rule.

The Food and Drug
Administration (FDA) is amending the
animal drug regulations to reflect
approval of a supplemental new animal
drug application (NADA) filed by
Intervet Inc. The supplemental NADA
provides for the removal of a caution
statement against the formulation of
pelleted feeds from labeling of zilpaterol
hydrochloride Type A medicated article
and Type B and Type C medicated
feeds.
SUMMARY:

DATES:

This rule is effective March 1,

2007.

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FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:

Charles J. Andres, Center for Veterinary
Medicine (HFV–120), Food and Drug
Administration, 7500 Standish Pl.,
Rockville, MD 20855, 301 827–1600, email: [email protected].
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Intervet
Inc., P.O. Box 318, 29160 Intervet Ln.,
Millsboro, DE 19966, filed a supplement

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Therefore, under the Federal Food,
Drug, and Cosmetic Act and under
authority delegated to the Commissioner
of Food and Drugs and redelegated to
the Center for Veterinary Medicine, 21
CFR part 558 is amended as follows:

■

21 CFR Part 558

Jkt 211001

PART 558—NEW ANIMAL DRUGS FOR
USE IN ANIMAL FEEDS
1. The authority citation for 21 CFR
part 558 continues to read as follows:

■

Authority: 21 U.S.C. 360b, 371.
§ 558.665

[Amended]

2. Remove paragraph (d)(3) of
§ 558.665.

■

Dated: February 12, 2007.
Steven D. Vaughn,
Director, Office of New Animal Drug
Evaluation, Center for Veterinary Medicine.
[FR Doc. E7–3615 Filed 2–28–07; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4160–01–S

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9245

DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY
Internal Revenue Service
26 CFR Part 1
[TD 9314]
RIN 1545–BF37

Depreciation of MACRS Property That
Is Acquired in a Like-Kind Exchange or
as a Result of an Involuntary
Conversion
Internal Revenue Service (IRS),
Treasury.
ACTION: Final regulations and removal of
temporary regulations.
AGENCY:

SUMMARY: This document contains final
regulations relating to the depreciation
of property subject to the accelerated
cost recovery system under section 168
of the Internal Revenue Code (MACRS
property). Specifically, these final
regulations provide guidance on how to
depreciate MACRS property acquired in
a like-kind exchange under section 1031
or as a result of an involuntary
conversion under section 1033 when
both the acquired and relinquished
property are subject to MACRS in the
hands of the acquiring taxpayer. These
final regulations will affect taxpayers
involved in a like-kind exchange under
section 1031 or an involuntary
conversion under section 1033. The
corresponding temporary regulations are
removed.
DATES: Effective Dates: These
regulations are effective on February 26,
2007.
Applicability Dates: For dates of
applicability, see §§ 1.168(a)-1(b),
1.168(b)-1(b), 1.168(d)-1(d)(3), 1.168(i)1(l), 1.168(i)-6(k), and 1.168(k)1(g)(3)(ii).
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Patrick S. Kirwan, (202) 622–3110 (not
a toll-free number).
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Background
This document contains amendments
to 26 CFR part 1 under section 168 of
the Internal Revenue Code (Code).
Section 168 provides the depreciation
deduction for tangible property
generally placed in service after
December 31, 1986.
On March 1, 2004, the IRS and the
Treasury Department published in the
Federal Register (69 FR 9529)
temporary regulations (TD 9115)
relating to the depreciation allowable
for tangible property of a character
subject to the allowance for depreciation
provided in section 167(a) that is
generally placed in service after

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December 31, 1986, and is subject to
section 168 (MACRS property) that is
acquired in a like-kind exchange or as
a result of involuntary conversion. On
the same date the IRS published a notice
of proposed rulemaking related to this
topic in the Federal Register (69 FR
9560). No public hearing on the
regulations was requested or held.
Several written comments to the notice
of proposed rulemaking were received.
After consideration of all the comments
received, the proposed regulations are
adopted as amended by this Treasury
decision, and the corresponding
temporary regulations are removed. The
revisions to the proposed regulations are
discussed in this preamble. Unless
otherwise specifically stated, references
to the temporary regulations are to TD
9115.
General Overview
Section 167 allows as a depreciation
deduction a reasonable allowance for
the exhaustion, wear, and tear of
property used in a trade or business or
held for the production of income. The
depreciation allowable for depreciable
tangible property placed in service after
1986 generally is determined under
section 168. Section 1001 generally
provides for the recognition of gain or
loss on the sale or exchange of property.
Under section 1031(a)(1), no gain or loss
is recognized on an exchange of
property held for productive use in a
trade or business or for investment if the
property is exchanged solely for
property of like kind that is to be held
either for productive use in a trade or
business or for investment. Section
1031(b) provides that if an exchange
would be within the provision of
section 1031(a) were it not for the fact
that the property received in the
exchange consists not only of property
permitted to be received in such an
exchange, but also of other property or
money, then the gain, if any, to the
recipient shall be recognized, but in an
amount not in excess of the sum of such
money and the fair market value of such
other property. Under section 1031(c),
no loss from a transaction that also
involves other property or money is
recognized. Under section 1031(d), the
basis of property acquired in an
exchange described in section 1031 is
the same as that of the property
exchanged, decreased by the amount of
any money received by the taxpayer and
increased by the amount of gain (or
decreased by the amount of loss) that
was recognized on such exchange.
Section 1033(a)(1) provides that if
property (as a result of its destruction in
whole or in part, theft, seizure, or
requisition or condemnation or threat or

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imminence thereof) is compulsorily or
involuntarily converted into property
similar or related in service or use to the
property so converted, no gain is
recognized. Under section 1033(b)(1),
the basis of property acquired by the
taxpayer in such a transaction is the
basis of the converted property. Under
section 1033(a)(2)(A), if property is
compulsorily or involuntarily converted
into money or into property not similar
or related in service or use to the
converted property, and, within the
time frame described in section
1033(a)(2)(B), the taxpayer purchases
other property that is related in service
or use to the converted property or
purchases stock in the acquisition of
control of a corporation owning such
property, then the taxpayer may elect to
recognize gain only to the extent that
the amount realized upon such
conversion exceeds the cost of such
other property or stock. Under section
1033(b)(2), if such an election is made,
the basis of the replacement property
acquired by the taxpayer generally is the
cost of that property decreased by any
gain not recognized by reason of section
1033(a)(2).
Summary of Comments and
Explanation of Provisions
Scope
In general, the final regulations adopt
the rules outlined in the proposed and
temporary regulations with the addition
of some clarifying language and
examples provided in response to
comments. The temporary regulations
provided guidance as to how to
determine the annual depreciation
allowance under section 168 for
replacement property acquired in a likekind exchange or involuntary
conversion. However, the temporary
regulations did not apply to a like-kind
exchange or involuntary conversion if
the allowance for depreciation of either
the relinquished or replacement
property is computed under a
depreciation system other than section
168 (MACRS), or for which a taxpayer
made a valid election under section
168(f)(1) to exclude it from the
application of MACRS. A commentator
requested that the final regulations
apply to all property acquired in a likekind exchange or involuntary
conversion. However, it is anticipated
that the vast majority of like-kind
exchanges and involuntary conversions
occurring after the effective date of the
final regulations will involve the
exchange of MACRS property. In
addition, there are differences between
MACRS and other depreciation systems
which would require the creation of

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additional rules which would only
apply in a limited number of
circumstances. Furthermore, certain
types of property are statutorily
excluded from being treated as MACRS
property. Therefore, the final
regulations do not adopt the
commentator’s suggestion. However, the
final regulations allow a taxpayer to
elect to treat the sum of the exchanged
basis and excess basis of the
replacement property as MACRS
property that is placed in service at the
time of replacement if the tangible
depreciable property acquired by a
taxpayer in a like-kind exchange or
involuntary conversion replaces
tangible depreciable property for which
the taxpayer made a valid election
under section 168(f)(1) to exclude it
from the application of MACRS. For
example, a taxpayer that exchanges a
machine depreciated under the unit of
production method for a used machine
may depreciate under MACRS the sum
of the exchanged basis and excess basis
of the used machine (replacement
property) as a machine placed in service
at the time of replacement.
Optional Depreciation Tables
For taxpayers who wish to use the
optional depreciation tables to
determine the depreciation allowances
for the replacement MACRS property
instead of the formulas (for example, see
section 6 of Rev. Proc. 87–57 (1987–2
CB 687, 692)), the final regulations
provide guidance on choosing the
applicable optional table as well as how
to modify the calculation for computing
the depreciation allowances for the
replacement MACRS property. A
commentator noted that under the
temporary regulations depreciation
computed using the optional tables
could be different than the depreciation
computed using the formulas and
suggested adopting a different
transaction coefficient. The IRS and
Treasury recognize that use of the
optional depreciation tables may result
in a different computation of
depreciation. Nonetheless, the optional
depreciation tables are intended to
provide an alternative method of
calculating depreciation for taxpayers.
Furthermore, the transaction coefficient
formula provided in the temporary
regulations is consistent with
transaction coefficient formulas
provided in other depreciation
guidance. Therefore, the final
regulations retain the rules provided in
the temporary regulations.
Depreciation Convention Provisions
Several comments were received
about the application of the

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depreciation convention provisions
under the temporary regulations. In
response to these comments, several
changes were made in the final
regulations. Section 1.168(i)–
6(c)(5)(ii)(A) was added in order to
provide an explanation of the applicable
convention separate from the
explanation of the rule for determining
the remaining recovery period for the
replacement MACRS property. Section
1.168(i)–6(c)(4)(v) specifically addresses
the convention that applies to the
exchanged basis when the year of
replacement is after the year of
disposition and the relinquished
MACRS property was placed in service
in the year of disposition. Section
1.168(i)–6(c)(5)(i)(B) of the final
regulations contains a new rule that
provides that if, using the convention
that applies to the relinquished MACRS
property, the remaining recovery period
of the relinquished MACRS property at
the beginning of the year of disposition
is less than the number of months
between the first of that year and the
time of disposition, the entire basis in
the relinquished MACRS property is
deductible in the year of disposition and
the exchanged basis is zero. In light of
this new rule, Example 4 of § 1.168(i)–
6T(c)(6) of the temporary regulations
has been replaced by Example 5 of
§ 1.168(i)–6(c)(6).

accommodation titleholder) is entitled
to depreciation.

Deferred Exchanges

Acquisition Prior to Disposition for an
Involuntary Conversion
The temporary regulations allowed
taxpayers to begin depreciating
replacement property upon acquisition
even if the acquisition occurs prior the
disposition of the relinquished property
if the replacement property is acquired
to meet the requirements of section
1033(a)(2)(B) (acquisition under threat
of condemnation). However, the
temporary regulations also required
taxpayers to include in taxable income
any excess depreciation allowable on
the unadjusted depreciable basis of the
replacement MACRS property over the
depreciation allowable on the excess
basis of the replacement MACRS
property from the date the replacement
MACRS property was placed in service
by the taxpayer to the time of
disposition of the relinquished MACRS
property. A comment was received
suggesting that taxpayers be permitted
to reduce the exchanged basis of the
replacement property by the excess
depreciation rather than requiring a
taxpayer to recognize the excess
depreciation as taxable income. This
suggestion was not adopted in the final
regulations because it would have the
effect of inappropriately accelerating
depreciation deductions for the
replacement property.

The temporary regulations did not
permit a taxpayer to take depreciation
on relinquished MACRS property
during the period between the
disposition of the relinquished MACRS
property and the acquisition of the
replacement MACRS property. A
comment was received which noted that
under the half-year convention if
relinquished MACRS property is
disposed of in year 1 and the
replacement MACRS property is not
acquired until year 2, the taxpayer
would only be entitled to deduct a halfyear of depreciation in each year. The
IRS and Treasury Department recognize
that this result could occur under the
convention rules. However, similar
results occur when property is disposed
of and replaced in a transaction to
which section 1031 or section 1033 do
not apply. In addition, the IRS and
Treasury Department believe that a
taxpayer cannot depreciate property the
taxpayer does not own. Therefore, the
final regulations retain the rule
provided in the temporary regulations
with respect to this issue. The final
regulations reserve on providing
specific guidance as to whether an
intermediary (such as an exchange

Exchanges of Multiple Properties
The determination of the basis of
property acquired in a like-kind
exchange involving multiple properties
is described in § 1.1031(j)–1 and the
determination of the basis of multiple
properties acquired as a result of an
involuntary conversion is described in
§ 1.1033(b)–1. Commentators requested
examples to show how the temporary
regulations apply to the depreciation
treatment of a like-kind exchange or an
involuntary conversion involving
multiple properties. Other
commentators suggested that taxpayers
be permitted to use any reasonable,
consistent method of allocating basis
among the properties. The IRS and
Treasury Department believe that these
comments concern the allocation of
basis principles under sections 1031
and 1033, rather than the depreciation
rules under section 168. Once basis in
property is determined or allocated
under section 1031 or section 1033,
these final regulations would then apply
for determining the depreciation
allowable with respect to such basis.
The IRS and Treasury Department
believe that issues related to allocation
of basis among multiple properties

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9247

involved in like-kind exchanges or
involuntary conversions for purposes of
depreciation are beyond the scope of the
final regulations. Therefore the final
regulations do not address these issues.
However, the IRS and Treasury
Department intend to invite interested
parties to submit written comments
regarding whether additional published
guidance is needed in this area, and to
invite written comments that
specifically propose or address possible
resolutions to these issues.
Transactions Involving Nondepreciable
Property
A commentator requested guidance as
to how depreciation is calculated if the
relinquished property was only partially
used for business purposes. In response
to this comment, the final regulations
provide an example to show how
depreciation is calculated on
replacement property received in
exchange for property that was used
only partially for business purposes (see
Example 2 in § 1.168(i)–6(d)(3)(iii)).
General Asset Accounts
Under the temporary regulations,
general asset account treatment
terminates for the relinquished MACRS
property as of the first day of the year
of disposition. Because this rule would
require taxpayers to track each property
in a general asset account, the IRS and
Treasury Department requested
comments on alternative methods to
account for a like-kind exchange or
involuntary conversion involving
MACRS property contained in a general
asset account when the replacement
MACRS property has a longer recovery
period or less accelerated depreciation
method than the relinquished MACRS
property or when the basis of the
general asset account would change as
a result of the like-kind exchange or
involuntary conversion. No comments
were received on this rule and no
alternatives were suggested. Therefore,
the regulations are adopted as proposed.
Effective Date
These final regulations generally
apply to a like-kind exchange or an
involuntary conversion of MACRS
property for which the time of
disposition and the time of replacement
both occur after February 27, 2004. For
a like-kind exchange or an involuntary
conversion of MACRS property for
which the time of disposition, the time
of replacement, or both occur on or
before February 27, 2004, a taxpayer
may apply these final regulations or rely
on prior guidance issued by the IRS.

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Special Analyses
It has been determined that this
Treasury decision is not a significant
regulatory action as defined in
Executive Order 12866. Therefore, a
regulatory assessment is not required. It
also has been determined that section
553(b) of the Administrative Procedure
Act (5 U.S.C. chapter 5) does not apply
to these regulations and, because these
regulations do not impose a collection
of information requirement on small
entities, the Regulatory Flexibility Act
(5 U.S.C. chapter 6) does not apply.
Therefore, a Regulatory Flexibility
Analysis is not required. Pursuant to
section 7805(f) of the Code, the notice
of proposed rulemaking preceding these
final regulations was submitted to the
Chief Counsel for Advocacy of the Small
Business Administration for comment
on its impact on small business.
Drafting Information
The principal author of these
regulations is Patrick S. Kirwan, Office
of the Associate Chief Counsel
(Passthroughs and Special Industries).
However, other personnel from the IRS
and Treasury Department participated
in their development.
List of Subjects in 26 CFR Part 1
Income taxes, Reporting and
recordkeeping requirements.
Adoption of Amendments to the
Regulations
Accordingly, 26 CFR part 1 is
amended as follows:

■

PART 1—INCOME TAXES
Paragraph 1. The authority citation
for part 1 continues to read in part as
follows:

■

Authority: 26 U.S.C. 7805 * * *
■ Par. 2. Sections 1.168(a)–1 and
1.168(b)–1 are added to read as follows:

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§ 1.168(a)–1 Modified accelerated cost
recovery system.

(a) Section 168 determines the
depreciation allowance for tangible
property that is of a character subject to
the allowance for depreciation provided
in section 167(a) and that is placed in
service after December 31, 1986 (or after
July 31, 1986, if the taxpayer made an
election under section 203(a)(1)(B) of
the Tax Reform Act of 1986; 100 Stat.
2143). Except for property excluded
from the application of section 168 as a
result of section 168(f) or as a result of
a transitional rule, the provisions of
section 168 are mandatory for all
eligible property. The allowance for
depreciation under section 168

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constitutes the amount of depreciation
allowable under section 167(a). The
determination of whether tangible
property is property of a character
subject to the allowance for depreciation
is made under section 167 and the
regulations under section 167.
(b) This section is applicable on and
after February 27, 2004.
§ 1.168(b)–1

Definitions.

(a) Definitions. For purposes of
section 168 and the regulations under
section 168, the following definitions
apply:
(1) Depreciable property is property
that is of a character subject to the
allowance for depreciation as
determined under section 167 and the
regulations under section 167.
(2) MACRS property is tangible,
depreciable property that is placed in
service after December 31, 1986 (or after
July 31, 1986, if the taxpayer made an
election under section 203(a)(1)(B) of
the Tax Reform Act of 1986; 100 Stat.
2143) and subject to section 168, except
for property excluded from the
application of section 168 as a result of
section 168(f) or as a result of a
transitional rule.
(3) Unadjusted depreciable basis is
the basis of property for purposes of
section 1011 without regard to any
adjustments described in section
1016(a)(2) and (3). This basis reflects the
reduction in basis for the percentage of
the taxpayer’s use of property for the
taxable year other than in the taxpayer’s
trade or business (or for the production
of income), for any portion of the basis
the taxpayer properly elects to treat as
an expense under section 179, section
179C, or any similar provision, and for
any adjustments to basis provided by
other provisions of the Internal Revenue
Code and the regulations under the
Code (other than section 1016(a)(2) and
(3)) (for example, a reduction in basis by
the amount of the disabled access credit
pursuant to section 44(d)(7)). For
property subject to a lease, see section
167(c)(2).
(4) Adjusted depreciable basis is the
unadjusted depreciable basis of the
property, as defined in § 1.168(b)–
1(a)(3), less the adjustments described
in section 1016(a)(2) and (3).
(b) Effective date. This section is
applicable on or after February 27, 2004.
§§ 1.168(a)–1T and 1.168(b)–1T

[Removed]

■ Par. 3. Sections 1.168(a)–1T and
1.168(b)–1T are removed.
■ Par. 4. Section 1.168(d)–1 is amended
by revising the section heading and
paragraphs (b)(3) and (d)(3) to read as
follows:

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§ 1.168(d)–1 Applicable conventions—halfyear and mid-quarter conventions.

*

*
*
*
*
(b) * * *
(3) Property placed in service and
disposed of in the same taxable year. (i)
Under section 168(d)(3)(B)(ii), the
depreciable basis of property placed in
service and disposed of in the same
taxable year is not taken into account in
determining whether the 40-percent test
is satisfied. However, the depreciable
basis of property placed in service,
disposed of, subsequently reacquired,
and again placed in service, by the
taxpayer in the same taxable year must
be taken into account in applying the
40-percent test, but the basis of the
property is only taken into account on
the later of the dates that the property
is placed in service by the taxpayer
during the taxable year. Further, see
§§ 1.168(i)–6(c)(4)(v)(B) and 1.168(i)–
6(f) for rules relating to property placed
in service and exchanged or
involuntarily converted during the same
taxable year.
(ii) The applicable convention, as
determined under this section, applies
to all depreciable property (except
nonresidential real property, residential
rental property, and any railroad
grading or tunnel bore) placed in service
by the taxpayer during the taxable year,
excluding property placed in service
and disposed of in the same taxable
year. However, see §§ 1.168(i)–
6(c)(4)(v)(A) and 1.168(i)–6(f) for rules
relating to MACRS property that has a
basis determined under section 1031(d)
or section 1033(b). No depreciation
deduction is allowed for property
placed in service and disposed of during
the same taxable year. However, see
§ 1.168(k)–1(f)(1) for rules relating to
qualified property or 50-percent bonus
depreciation property, and
§ 1.1400L(b)–1(f)(1) for rules relating to
qualified New York Liberty Zone
property, that is placed in service by the
taxpayer in the same taxable year in
which either a partnership is terminated
as a result of a technical termination
under section 708(b)(1)(B) or the
property is transferred in a transaction
described in section 168(i)(7).
*
*
*
*
*
(d) * * *
(3) Like-kind exchanges and
involuntary conversions. The last
sentence in paragraph (b)(3)(i) and the
second sentence in paragraph (b)(3)(ii)
of this section apply to exchanges to
which section 1031 applies, and
involuntary conversions to which
section 1033 applies, of MACRS
property for which the time of
disposition and the time of replacement
both occur after February 27, 2004.

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§ 1.168(d)–1T

[Removed]

Par. 5. Section 1.168(d)–1T is
removed.
■ Par. 6. Section 1.168(i)–0 is amended
as follows:
■ 1. The entries for § 1.168(i)–1(d)(2),
(e)(3)(i), (e)(3)(v), (e)(3)(vi), (f), (f)(1),
(f)(2), (f)(2)(i), (i), (j), and (l) are revised.
■ 2. The entries for § 1.168(i)–1(l)(1),
(l)(2), and (l)(3) are added.
The revisions and additions read as
follows:
■

§ 1.168(i)–0 Table of contents for the
general asset account rules.

*

*

*

§ 1.168(i)–1

*

*

*

*

General asset accounts.

*

*

*

(d) * * *
(2) Special rule for passenger automobiles.

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

(e) * * *
(3) * * *
(i) In general.

*

*

*

(v) Transactions subject to section 1031 or
1033.
(vi) Anti-abuse rule.

*

*

*

*

*

(f) Assets generating foreign source income.
(1) In general.
(2) Source of ordinary income, gain, or
loss.
(i) Source determined by allocation and
apportionment of depreciation allowed.

*

*

*

*

*

(i) Identification of disposed or converted
asset.
(j) Effect of adjustments on prior
dispositions.

*

*

*

*

*

(l) Effective date.
(1) In general.
(2) Exceptions.
(3) Like-kind exchanges and involuntary
conversions.
§ 1.168(i)–0T

[Removed]

Par. 7. Section 1.168(i)–0T is
removed.
■ Par. 8. Section 1.168(i)–1 is amended
as follows:
■ 1. Paragraphs (d)(2), (e)(3)(i),
(e)(3)(iii)(B)(4), (e)(3)(v), (e)(3)(vi), (f)(1),
(f)(2)(i), (i), (j), (l)(1), and (l)(3) are
revised.
■ 2. The first sentence in paragraph
(l)(2)(ii)(B) is amended by removing the
language ‘‘as modified by Rev. Proc.
2004–11 (2004–3 I.R.B. 311)’’.
The revisions read as follows:
■

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§ 1.168(i)–1

General asset accounts.

*

*
*
*
*
(d) * * *
(2) Special rule for passenger
automobiles. For purposes of applying
section 280F(a), the depreciation
allowance for a general asset account

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established for passenger automobiles is
limited for each taxable year to the
amount prescribed in section 280F(a)
multiplied by the excess of the number
of automobiles originally included in
the account over the number of
automobiles disposed of during the
taxable year or in any prior taxable year
in a transaction described in paragraph
(e)(3)(iii) (disposition of an asset in a
qualifying disposition), (e)(3)(iv)
(transactions subject to section
168(i)(7)), (e)(3)(v) (transactions subject
to section 1031 or 1033), (e)(3)(vi) (antiabuse rule), (g) (assets subject to
recapture), or (h)(1) (conversion to
personal use) of this section.
(e) * * *
(3) * * *
(i) In general. This paragraph (e)(3)
provides the rules for terminating
general asset account treatment upon
certain dispositions. While the rules
under paragraphs (e)(3)(ii) and (iii) of
this section are optional rules, the rules
under paragraphs (e)(3)(iv), (v), and (vi)
of this section are mandatory rules. A
taxpayer applies paragraph (e)(3)(ii) or
(iii) of this section by reporting the gain,
loss, or other deduction on the
taxpayer’s timely filed Federal income
tax return (including extensions) for the
taxable year in which the disposition
occurs. For purposes of applying
paragraph (e)(3)(iii) through (vi) of this
section, see paragraph (i) of this section
for identifying the unadjusted
depreciable basis of a disposed asset.
*
*
*
*
*
(iii) * * *
(B) * * *
(4) A transaction, other than a
transaction described in paragraphs
(e)(3)(iv) (pertaining to transactions
subject to section 168(i)(7)) and (e)(3)(v)
(pertaining to transactions subject to
section 1031 or 1033) of this section, to
which a nonrecognition section of the
Code applies (determined without
regard to this section).
*
*
*
*
*
(v) Transactions subject to section
1031 or section 1033—(A) Like-kind
exchange or involuntary conversion of
all assets remaining in a general asset
account. If all the assets, or the last
asset, in a general asset account are
transferred by a taxpayer in a like-kind
exchange (as defined under § 1.168–
6(b)(11)) or in an involuntary
conversion (as defined under § 1.168–
6(b)(12)), the taxpayer must apply this
paragraph (e)(3)(v)(A) (instead of
applying paragraph (e)(2), (e)(3)(ii), or
(e)(3)(iii) of this section). Under this
paragraph (e)(3)(v)(A), the general asset
account terminates as of the first day of

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9249

the year of disposition (as defined in
§ 1.168(i)–6(b)(5)) and—
(1) The amount of gain or loss for the
general asset account is determined
under section 1001(a) by taking into
account the adjusted depreciable basis
of the general asset account at the time
of disposition (as defined in § 1.168(i)–
6(b)(3)). The depreciation allowance for
the general asset account in the year of
disposition is determined in the same
manner as the depreciation allowance
for the relinquished MACRS property
(as defined in § 1.168(i)–6(b)(2)) in the
year of disposition is determined under
§ 1.168(i)–6. The recognition and
character of gain or loss are determined
in accordance with paragraph
(e)(3)(ii)(A) of this section
(notwithstanding that paragraph
(e)(3)(ii) of this section is an optional
rule); and
(2) The adjusted depreciable basis of
the general asset account at the time of
disposition is treated as the adjusted
depreciable basis of the relinquished
MACRS property.
(B) Like-kind exchange or involuntary
conversion of less than all assets
remaining in a general asset account. If
an asset in a general asset account is
transferred by a taxpayer in a like-kind
exchange or in an involuntary
conversion and if paragraph (e)(3)(v)(A)
of this section does not apply to this
asset, the taxpayer must apply this
paragraph (e)(3)(v)(B) (instead of
applying paragraph (e)(2), (e)(3)(ii), or
(e)(3)(iii) of this section). Under this
paragraph (e)(3)(v)(B), general asset
account treatment for the asset
terminates as of the first day of the year
of disposition (as defined in § 1.168(i)–
6(b)(5)), and—
(1) The amount of gain or loss for the
asset is determined by taking into
account the asset’s adjusted basis at the
time of disposition (as defined in
§ 1.168(i)–6(b)(3)). The adjusted basis of
the asset at the time of disposition
equals the unadjusted depreciable basis
of the asset less the depreciation
allowed or allowable for the asset,
computed by using the depreciation
method, recovery period, and
convention applicable to the general
asset account in which the asset was
included. The depreciation allowance
for the asset in the year of disposition
is determined in the same manner as the
depreciation allowance for the
relinquished MACRS property (as
defined in § 1.168(i)–6(b)(2)) in the year
of disposition is determined under
§ 1.168(i)–6. The recognition and
character of the gain or loss are
determined in accordance with
paragraph (e)(3)(iii)(A) of this section
(notwithstanding that paragraph

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(e)(3)(iii) of this section is an optional
rule); and
(2) As of the first day of the year of
disposition, the taxpayer must remove
the relinquished asset from the general
asset account and make the adjustments
to the general asset account described in
paragraph (e)(3)(iii)(C)(2) through (4) of
this section.
(vi) Anti-abuse rule—(A) In general. If
an asset in a general asset account is
disposed of by a taxpayer in a
transaction described in paragraph
(e)(3)(vi)(B) of this section, general asset
account treatment for the asset
terminates as of the first day of the
taxable year in which the disposition
occurs. Consequently, the taxpayer must
determine the amount of gain, loss, or
other deduction attributable to the
disposition in the manner described in
paragraph (e)(3)(iii)(A) of this section
(notwithstanding that paragraph
(e)(3)(iii)(A) of this section is an
optional rule) and must make the
adjustments to the general asset account
described in paragraph (e)(3)(iii)(C)(1)
through (4) of this section.
(B) Abusive transactions. A
transaction is described in this
paragraph (e)(3)(vi)(B) if the transaction
is not described in paragraph (e)(3)(iv)
or (e)(3)(v) of this section and the
transaction is entered into, or made,
with a principal purpose of achieving a
tax benefit or result that would not be
available absent an election under this
section. Examples of these types of
transactions include—
(1) A transaction entered into with a
principal purpose of shifting income or
deductions among taxpayers in a
manner that would not be possible
absent an election under this section in
order to take advantage of differing
effective tax rates among the taxpayers;
or
(2) An election made under this
section with a principal purpose of
disposing of an asset from a general
asset account in order to utilize an
expiring net operating loss or credit.
The fact that a taxpayer with a net
operating loss carryover or a credit
carryover transfers an asset to a related
person or transfers an asset pursuant to
an arrangement where the asset
continues to be used (or is available for
use) by the taxpayer pursuant to a lease
(or otherwise) indicates, absent strong
evidence to the contrary, that the
transaction is described in this
paragraph (e)(3)(vi)(B).
(f) * * *
(1) In general. This paragraph (f)
provides the rules for determining the
source of any income, gain, or loss
recognized, and the appropriate section
904(d) separate limitation category or

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categories for any foreign source
income, gain, or loss recognized, on a
disposition (within the meaning of
paragraph (e)(1) of this section) of an
asset in a general asset account that
consists of assets generating both United
States and foreign source income. These
rules apply only to a disposition to
which paragraph (e)(2) (general
disposition rules), (e)(3)(ii) (disposition
of all assets remaining in a general asset
account), (e)(3)(iii) (disposition of an
asset in a qualifying disposition),
(e)(3)(v) (transactions subject to section
1031 or 1033), or (e)(3)(vi) (anti-abuse
rule) of this section applies.
(2) * * *
(i) Source determined by allocation
and apportionment of depreciation
allowed. The amount of any ordinary
income, gain, or loss that is recognized
on the disposition of an asset in a
general asset account must be
apportioned between United States and
foreign sources based on the allocation
and apportionment of the—
(A) Depreciation allowed for the
general asset account as of the end of
the taxable year in which the
disposition occurs if paragraph (e)(2) of
this section applies to the disposition;
(B) Depreciation allowed for the
general asset account as of the time of
disposition if the taxpayer applies
paragraph (e)(3)(ii) of this section to the
disposition of all assets, or the last asset,
in the general asset account, or if all the
assets, or the last asset, in the general
asset account are disposed of in a
transaction described in paragraph
(e)(3)(v)(A) of this section; or
(C) Depreciation allowed for the
disposed asset for only the taxable year
in which the disposition occurs if the
taxpayer applies paragraph (e)(3)(iii) of
this section to the disposition of the
asset in a qualifying disposition, if the
asset is disposed of in a transaction
described in paragraph (e)(3)(v)(B) of
this section (like-kind exchange or
involuntary conversion), or if the asset
is disposed in a transaction described in
paragraph (e)(3)(vi) of this section (antiabuse rule).
*
*
*
*
*
(i) Identification of disposed or
converted asset. A taxpayer may use any
reasonable method that is consistently
applied to the taxpayer’s general asset
accounts for purposes of determining
the unadjusted depreciable basis of a
disposed or converted asset in a
transaction described in paragraph
(e)(3)(iii) (disposition of an asset in a
qualifying disposition), (e)(3)(iv)
(transactions subject to section
168(i)(7)), (e)(3)(v) (transactions subject
to section 1031 or 1033), (e)(3)(vi) (anti-

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abuse rule), (g) (assets subject to
recapture), or (h)(1) (conversion to
personal use) of this section.
(j) Effect of adjustments on prior
dispositions. The adjustments to a
general asset account under paragraph
(e)(3)(iii), (e)(3)(iv), (e)(3)(v), (e)(3)(vi),
(g), or (h)(1) of this section have no
effect on the recognition and character
of prior dispositions subject to
paragraph (e)(2) of this section.
*
*
*
*
*
(l) * * *
(1) In general. Except as provided in
paragraphs (l)(2) and (l)(3) of this
section, this section applies to
depreciable assets placed in service in
taxable years ending on or after October
11, 1994. For depreciable assets placed
in service after December 31, 1986, in
taxable years ending before October 11,
1994, the Internal Revenue Service will
allow any reasonable method that is
consistently applied to the taxpayer’s
general asset accounts.
*
*
*
*
*
(3) Like-kind exchanges and
involuntary conversions. This section
applies for an asset transferred by a
taxpayer in a like-kind exchange (as
defined under § 1.168–6(b)(11)) or in an
involuntary conversion (as defined
under § 1.168–6(b)(12)) for which the
time of disposition (as defined in
§ 1.168(i)–6(b)(3)) and the time of
replacement (as defined in § 1.168(i)–
6(b)(4)) both occur after February 27,
2004. For an asset transferred by a
taxpayer in a like-kind exchange or in
an involuntary conversion for which the
time of disposition, the time of
replacement, or both occur on or before
February 27, 2004, see § 1.168(i)–1 in
effect prior to February 27, 2004
(§ 1.168(i)–1 as contained in 26 CFR part
1 edition revised as of April 1, 2003).
§ 1.168(i)–1T

[Removed]

Par. 9. Section 1.168(i)–1T is
removed.
■ Par. 10. Section 1.168(i)–5 is added to
read as follows:
■

§ 1.168(i)–5

Table of contents.

This section lists the major
paragraphs contained in § 1.168(i)–6.
§ 1.168(i)–6 Like-kind exchanges and
involuntary conversions.
(a) Scope.
(b) Definitions.
(1) Replacement MACRS property.
(2) Relinquished MACRS property.
(3) Time of disposition.
(4) Time of replacement.
(5) Year of disposition.
(6) Year of replacement.
(7) Exchanged basis.
(8) Excess basis.

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(9) Depreciable exchanged basis.
(10) Depreciable excess basis.
(11) Like-kind exchange.
(12) Involuntary conversion.
(c) Determination of depreciation
allowance.
(1) Computation of the depreciation
allowance for depreciable exchanged basis
beginning in the year of replacement.
(i) In general.
(ii) Applicable recovery period,
depreciation method, and convention.
(2) Effect of depreciation treatment of the
replacement MACRS property by previous
owners of the acquired property.
(3) Recovery period and/or depreciation
method of the properties are the same, or
both are not the same.
(i) In general.
(ii) Both the recovery period and the
depreciation method are the same.
(iii) Either the recovery period or the
depreciation method is the same, or both are
not the same.
(4) Recovery period or depreciation
method of the properties is not the same.
(i) Longer recovery period.
(ii) Shorter recovery period.
(iii) Less accelerated depreciation method.
(iv) More accelerated depreciation method.
(v) Convention.
(A) Either the relinquished MACRS
property or the replacement MACRS property
is mid-month property.
(B) Neither the relinquished MACRS
property nor the replacement MACRS
property is mid-month property.
(5) Year of disposition and year of
replacement.
(i) Relinquished MACRS property.
(A) General rule.
(B) Special rule.
(ii) Replacement MACRS property.
(A) Remaining recovery period of the
replacement MACRS property.
(B) Year of replacement is 12 months.
(iii) Year of disposition or year of
replacement is less than 12 months.
(iv) Deferred transactions.
(A) In general.
(B) Allowable depreciation for a qualified
intermediary.
(v) Remaining recovery period.
(6) Examples.
(d) Special rules for determining
depreciation allowances.
(1) Excess basis.
(i) In general.
(ii) Example.
(2) Depreciable and nondepreciable
property.
(3) Depreciation limitations for
automobiles.
(i) In general.
(ii) Order in which limitations on
depreciation under section 280F(a) are
applied.
(iii) Examples.
(4) Involuntary conversion for which the
replacement MACRS property is acquired
and placed in service before disposition of
relinquished MACRS property.
(e) Use of optional depreciation tables.
(1) Taxpayer not bound by prior use of
table.
(2) Determination of the depreciation
deduction.

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(i) Relinquished MACRS property.
(ii) Replacement MACRS property.
(A) Determination of the appropriate
optional depreciation table.
(B) Calculating the depreciation deduction
for the replacement MACRS property.
(iii) Unrecovered basis.
(3) Excess basis.
(4) Examples.
(f) Mid-quarter convention.
(1) Exchanged basis.
(2) Excess basis.
(3) Depreciable property acquired for
nondepreciable property.
(g) Section 179 election.
(h) Additional first year depreciation
deduction.
(i) Elections.
(1) Election not to apply this section.
(2) Election to treat certain replacement
property as MACRS property.
(j) Time and manner of making election
under paragraph (i)(1) of this section.
(1) In general.
(2) Time for making election.
(3) Manner of making election.
(4) Revocation.
(k) Effective date.
(1) In general.
(2) Application to pre-effective date likekind exchanges and involuntary conversions.
(3) Like-kind exchanges and involuntary
conversions where the taxpayer made the
election under section 168(f)(1) for the
relinquished property.
§ 1.168(i)–5T

[Removed]

Par. 11. Section 1.168(i)–5T is
removed.
■ Par. 12. Section 1.168(i)–6 is added to
read as follows:
■

§ 1.168(i)–6 Like-kind exchanges and
involuntary conversions.

(a) Scope. This section provides the
rules for determining the depreciation
allowance for MACRS property acquired
in a like-kind exchange or an
involuntary conversion, including a
like-kind exchange or an involuntary
conversion of MACRS property that is
exchanged or replaced with other
MACRS property in a transaction
between members of the same affiliated
group. The allowance for depreciation
under this section constitutes the
amount of depreciation allowable under
section 167(a) for the year of
replacement and any subsequent taxable
year for the replacement MACRS
property and for the year of disposition
of the relinquished MACRS property.
The provisions of this section apply
only to MACRS property to which
§ 1.168(h)–1 (like-kind exchanges of taxexempt use property) does not apply.
Additionally, paragraphs (c) through (f)
of this section apply only to MACRS
property for which an election under
paragraph (i) of this section has not been
made.
(b) Definitions. For purposes of this
section, the following definitions apply:

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(1) Replacement MACRS property is
MACRS property (as defined in
§ 1.168(b)–1(a)(2)) in the hands of the
acquiring taxpayer that is acquired for
other MACRS property in a like-kind
exchange or an involuntary conversion.
(2) Relinquished MACRS property is
MACRS property that is transferred by
the taxpayer in a like-kind exchange, or
in an involuntary conversion.
(3) Time of disposition is when the
disposition of the relinquished MACRS
property takes place under the
convention, as determined under
§ 1.168(d)–1, that applies to the
relinquished MACRS property.
(4) Time of replacement is the later
of—
(i) When the replacement MACRS
property is placed in service under the
convention, as determined under this
section, that applies to the replacement
MACRS property; or
(ii) The time of disposition of the
exchanged or involuntarily converted
property.
(5) Year of disposition is the taxable
year that includes the time of
disposition.
(6) Year of replacement is the taxable
year that includes the time of
replacement.
(7) Exchanged basis is determined
after the depreciation deductions for the
year of disposition are determined
under paragraph (c)(5)(i) of this section
and is the lesser of—
(i) The basis in the replacement
MACRS property, as determined under
section 1031(d) and the regulations
under section 1031(d) or section 1033(b)
and the regulations under section
1033(b); or
(ii) The adjusted depreciable basis (as
defined in § 1.168(b)–1(a)(4)) of the
relinquished MACRS property.
(8) Excess basis is any excess of the
basis in the replacement MACRS
property, as determined under section
1031(d) and the regulations under
section 1031(d) or section 1033(b) and
the regulations under section 1033(b),
over the exchanged basis as determined
under paragraph (b)(7) of this section.
(9) Depreciable exchanged basis is the
exchanged basis as determined under
paragraph (b)(7) of this section reduced
by—
(i) The percentage of such basis
attributable to the taxpayer’s use of
property for the taxable year other than
in the taxpayer’s trade or business (or
for the production of income); and
(ii) Any adjustments to basis provided
by other provisions of the Internal
Revenue Code (Code) and the
regulations under the Code (including
section 1016(a)(2) and (3), for example,
depreciation deductions in the year of

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replacement allowable under section
168(k) or 1400L(b)).
(10) Depreciable excess basis is the
excess basis as determined under
paragraph (b)(8) of this section reduced
by—
(i) The percentage of such basis
attributable to the taxpayer’s use of
property for the taxable year other than
in the taxpayer’s trade or business (or
for the production of income);
(ii) Any portion of the basis the
taxpayer properly elects to treat as an
expense under section 179; and
(iii) Any adjustments to basis
provided by other provisions of the
Code and the regulations under the
Code (including section 1016(a)(2) and
(3), for example, depreciation
deductions in the year of replacement
allowable under section 168(k) or
1400L(b)).
(11) Like-kind exchange is an
exchange of property in a transaction to
which section 1031(a)(1), (b), or (c)
applies.
(12) Involuntary conversion is a
transaction described in section
1033(a)(1) or (2) that resulted in the
nonrecognition of any part of the gain
realized as the result of the conversion.
(c) Determination of depreciation
allowance—(1) Computation of the
depreciation allowance for depreciable
exchanged basis beginning in the year of
replacement—(i) In general. This
paragraph (c) provides rules for
determining the applicable recovery
period, the applicable depreciation
method, and the applicable convention
used to determine the depreciation
allowances for the depreciable
exchanged basis beginning in the year of
replacement. See paragraph (c)(5) of this
section for rules relating to the
computation of the depreciation
allowance for the year of disposition
and for the year of replacement. See
paragraph (d)(1) of this section for rules
relating to the computation of the
depreciation allowance for depreciable
excess basis. See paragraph (d)(4) of this
section if the replacement MACRS
property is acquired before disposition
of the relinquished MACRS property in
a transaction to which section 1033
applies. See paragraph (e) of this section
for rules relating to the computation of
the depreciation allowance using the
optional depreciation tables.
(ii) Applicable recovery period,
depreciation method, and convention.
The recovery period, depreciation
method, and convention determined
under this paragraph (c) are the only
permissible methods of accounting for
MACRS property within the scope of
this section unless the taxpayer makes

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the election under paragraph (i) of this
section not to apply this section.
(2) Effect of depreciation treatment of
the replacement MACRS property by
previous owners of the acquired
property. If replacement MACRS
property is acquired by a taxpayer in a
like-kind exchange or an involuntary
conversion, the depreciation treatment
of the replacement MACRS property by
previous owners has no effect on the
determination of depreciation
allowances for the replacement MACRS
property in the hands of the acquiring
taxpayer. For example, a taxpayer
exchanging, in a like-kind exchange,
MACRS property for property that was
depreciated under section 168 of the
Internal Revenue Code of 1954 (ACRS)
by the previous owner must use this
section because the replacement
property will become MACRS property
in the hands of the acquiring taxpayer.
In addition, elections made by previous
owners in determining depreciation
allowances for the replacement MACRS
property have no effect on the acquiring
taxpayer. For example, a taxpayer
exchanging, in a like-kind exchange,
MACRS property that the taxpayer
depreciates under the general
depreciation system of section 168(a) for
other MACRS property that the previous
owner elected to depreciate under the
alternative depreciation system
pursuant to section 168(g)(7) does not
have to continue using the alternative
depreciation system for the replacement
MACRS property.
(3) Recovery period and/or
depreciation method of the properties
are the same, or both are not the same—
(i) In general. For purposes of
paragraphs (c)(3) and (c)(4) of this
section in determining whether the
recovery period and the depreciation
method prescribed under section 168 for
the replacement MACRS property are
the same as the recovery period and the
depreciation method prescribed under
section 168 for the relinquished MACRS
property, the recovery period and the
depreciation method for the
replacement MACRS property are
considered to be the recovery period
and the depreciation method that would
have applied under section 168, taking
into account any elections made by the
acquiring taxpayer under section
168(b)(5) or 168(g)(7), had the
replacement MACRS property been
placed in service by the acquiring
taxpayer at the same time as the
relinquished MACRS property.
(ii) Both the recovery period and the
depreciation method are the same. If
both the recovery period and the
depreciation method prescribed under
section 168 for the replacement MACRS

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property are the same as the recovery
period and the depreciation method
prescribed under section 168 for the
relinquished MACRS property, the
depreciation allowances for the
replacement MACRS property beginning
in the year of replacement are
determined by using the same recovery
period and depreciation method that
were used for the relinquished MACRS
property. Thus, the replacement
MACRS property is depreciated over the
remaining recovery period (taking into
account the applicable convention), and
by using the depreciation method, of the
relinquished MACRS property. Except
as provided in paragraph (c)(5) of this
section, the depreciation allowances for
the depreciable exchanged basis for any
12-month taxable year beginning with
the year of replacement are determined
by multiplying the depreciable
exchanged basis by the applicable
depreciation rate for each taxable year
(for further guidance, for example, see
section 6 of Rev. Proc. 87–57 (1987–2
CB 687, 692) and § 601.601(d)(2)(ii)(b) of
this chapter).
(iii) Either the recovery period or the
depreciation method is the same, or
both are not the same. If either the
recovery period or the depreciation
method prescribed under section 168 for
the replacement MACRS property is the
same as the recovery period or the
depreciation method prescribed under
section 168 for the relinquished MACRS
property, the depreciation allowances
for the depreciable exchanged basis
beginning in the year of replacement are
determined using the recovery period or
the depreciation method that is the
same as the relinquished MACRS
property. See paragraph (c)(4) of this
section to determine the depreciation
allowances when the recovery period or
the depreciation method of the
replacement MACRS property is not the
same as that of the relinquished MACRS
property.
(4) Recovery period or depreciation
method of the properties is not the
same. If the recovery period prescribed
under section 168 for the replacement
MACRS property (as determined under
paragraph (c)(3)(i) of this section) is not
the same as the recovery period
prescribed under section 168 for the
relinquished MACRS property, the
depreciation allowances for the
depreciable exchanged basis beginning
in the year of replacement are
determined under this paragraph (c)(4).
Similarly, if the depreciation method
prescribed under section 168 for the
replacement MACRS property (as
determined under paragraph (c)(3)(i) of
this section) is not the same as the
depreciation method prescribed under

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section 168 for the relinquished MACRS
property, the depreciation method used
to determine the depreciation
allowances for the depreciable
exchanged basis beginning in the year of
replacement is determined under this
paragraph (c)(4).
(i) Longer recovery period. If the
recovery period prescribed under
section 168 for the replacement MACRS
property (as determined under
paragraph (c)(3)(i) of this section) is
longer than that prescribed for the
relinquished MACRS property, the
depreciation allowances for the
depreciable exchanged basis beginning
in the year of replacement are
determined as though the replacement
MACRS property had originally been
placed in service by the acquiring
taxpayer in the same taxable year the
relinquished MACRS property was
placed in service by the acquiring
taxpayer, but using the longer recovery
period of the replacement MACRS
property (as determined under
paragraph (c)(3)(i) of this section) and
the convention determined under
paragraph (c)(4)(v) of this section. Thus,
the depreciable exchanged basis is
depreciated over the remaining recovery
period (taking into account the
applicable convention) of the
replacement MACRS property.
(ii) Shorter recovery period. If the
recovery period prescribed under
section 168 for the replacement MACRS
property (as determined under
paragraph (c)(3)(i) of this section) is
shorter than that of the relinquished
MACRS property, the depreciation
allowances for the depreciable
exchanged basis beginning in the year of
replacement are determined using the
same recovery period as that of the
relinquished MACRS property. Thus,
the depreciable exchanged basis is
depreciated over the remaining recovery
period (taking into account the
applicable convention) of the
relinquished MACRS property.
(iii) Less accelerated depreciation
method—(A) If the depreciation method
prescribed under section 168 for the
replacement MACRS property (as
determined under paragraph (c)(3)(i) of
this section) is less accelerated than that
of the relinquished MACRS property at
the time of disposition, the depreciation
allowances for the depreciable
exchanged basis beginning in the year of
replacement are determined as though
the replacement MACRS property had
originally been placed in service by the
acquiring taxpayer at the same time the
relinquished MACRS property was
placed in service by the acquiring
taxpayer, but using the less accelerated
depreciation method. Thus, the

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depreciable exchanged basis is
depreciated using the less accelerated
depreciation method.
(B) Except as provided in paragraph
(c)(5) of this section, the depreciation
allowances for the depreciable
exchanged basis for any 12-month
taxable year beginning in the year of
replacement are determined by
multiplying the adjusted depreciable
basis by the applicable depreciation rate
for each taxable year. If, for example, the
depreciation method of the replacement
MACRS property in the year of
replacement is the 150-percent
declining balance method and the
depreciation method of the relinquished
MACRS property in the year of
replacement is the 200-percent
declining balance method, and neither
method had been switched to the
straight line method in the year of
replacement or any prior taxable year,
the applicable depreciation rate for the
year of replacement and subsequent
taxable years is determined by using the
depreciation rate of the replacement
MACRS property as if the replacement
MACRS property was placed in service
by the acquiring taxpayer at the same
time the relinquished MACRS property
was placed in service by the acquiring
taxpayer, until the 150-percent
declining balance method has been
switched to the straight line method. If,
for example, the depreciation method of
the replacement MACRS property is the
straight line method, the applicable
depreciation rate for the year of
replacement is determined by using the
remaining recovery period at the
beginning of the year of disposition (as
determined under this paragraph (c)(4)
and taking into account the applicable
convention).
(iv) More accelerated depreciation
method—(A) If the depreciation method
prescribed under section 168 for the
replacement MACRS property (as
determined under paragraph (c)(3)(i) of
this section) is more accelerated than
that of the relinquished MACRS
property at the time of disposition, the
depreciation allowances for the
replacement MACRS property beginning
in the year of replacement are
determined using the same depreciation
method as the relinquished MACRS
property.
(B) Except as provided in paragraph
(c)(5) of this section, the depreciation
allowances for the depreciable
exchanged basis for any 12-month
taxable year beginning in the year of
replacement are determined by
multiplying the adjusted depreciable
basis by the applicable depreciation rate
for each taxable year. If, for example, the
depreciation method of the relinquished

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9253

MACRS property in the year of
replacement is the 150-percent
declining balance method and the
depreciation method of the replacement
MACRS property in the year of
replacement is the 200-percent
declining balance method, and neither
method had been switched to the
straight line method in the year of
replacement or any prior taxable year,
the applicable depreciation rate for the
year of replacement and subsequent
taxable years is the same depreciation
rate that applied to the relinquished
MACRS property in the year of
replacement, until the 150-percent
declining balance method has been
switched to the straight line method. If,
for example, the depreciation method is
the straight line method, the applicable
depreciation rate for the year of
replacement is determined by using the
remaining recovery period at the
beginning of the year of disposition (as
determined under this paragraph (c)(4)
and taking into account the applicable
convention).
(v) Convention. The applicable
convention for the exchanged basis is
determined under this paragraph
(c)(4)(v).
(A) Either the relinquished MACRS
property or the replacement MACRS
property is mid-month property. If
either the relinquished MACRS property
or the replacement MACRS property is
property for which the applicable
convention (as determined under
section 168(d)) is the mid-month
convention, the exchanged basis must
be depreciated using the mid-month
convention.
(B) Neither the relinquished MACRS
property nor the replacement MACRS
property is mid-month property. If
neither the relinquished MACRS
property nor the replacement MACRS
property is property for which the
applicable convention (as determined
under section 168(d)) is the mid-month
convention, the applicable convention
for the exchanged basis is the same
convention that applied to the
relinquished MACRS property. If the
relinquished MACRS property is placed
in service in the year of disposition, and
the time of replacement is also in the
year of disposition, the convention that
applies to the relinquished MACRS
property is determined under paragraph
(f)(1)(i) of this section. If, however,
relinquished MACRS property was
placed in service in the year of
disposition and the time of replacement
is in a taxable year subsequent to the
year of disposition, the convention that
applies to the exchanged basis is the
convention that applies in that

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subsequent taxable year (see paragraph
(f)(1)(ii) of this section).
(5) Year of disposition and year of
replacement. No depreciation deduction
is allowable for MACRS property
disposed of by a taxpayer in a like-kind
exchange or involuntary conversion in
the same taxable year that such property
was placed in service by the taxpayer.
If replacement MACRS property is
disposed of by a taxpayer during the
same taxable year that the relinquished
MACRS property is placed in service by
the taxpayer, no depreciation deduction
is allowable for either MACRS property.
Otherwise, the depreciation allowances
for the year of disposition and for the
year of replacement are determined as
follows:
(i) Relinquished MACRS property—
(A) General rule. Except as provided in
paragraphs (c)(5)(i)(B), (c)(5)(iii), (e), and
(i) of this section, the depreciation
allowance in the year of disposition for
the relinquished MACRS property is
computed by multiplying the allowable
depreciation deduction for the property
for that year by a fraction, the numerator
of which is the number of months
(including fractions of months) the
property is deemed to be placed in
service during the year of disposition
(taking into account the applicable
convention of the relinquished MACRS
property), and the denominator of
which is 12. In the case of termination
under § 1.168(i)–1(e)(3)(v) of general
asset account treatment of an asset, or of
all the assets remaining, in a general
asset account, the allowable
depreciation deduction in the year of
disposition for the asset or assets for
which general asset account treatment is
terminated is determined using the
depreciation method, recovery period,
and convention of the general asset
account. This allowable depreciation
deduction is adjusted to account for the
period the asset or assets is deemed to
be in service in accordance with this
paragraph (c)(5)(i).
(B) Special rule. If, at the beginning of
the year of disposition, the remaining
recovery period of the relinquished
MACRS property, taking into account
the applicable convention of such
property, is less than the period
between the beginning of the year of
disposition and the time of disposition,
the depreciation deduction for the
relinquished MACRS property for the
year of disposition is equal to the
adjusted depreciable basis of the
relinquished MACRS property at the
beginning of the year of disposition. If
this paragraph applies, the exchanged
basis is zero and no depreciation is
allowable for the exchanged basis in the
replacement MACRS property.

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(ii) Replacement MACRS property—
(A) Remaining recovery period of the
replacement MACRS property. The
replacement MACRS property is treated
as placed in service at the time of
replacement under the convention that
applies to the replacement MACRS
property as determined under this
paragraph (c)(5)(ii). The remaining
recovery period of the replacement
MACRS property at the time of
replacement is the excess of the
recovery period for the replacement
MACRS property, as determined under
paragraph (c) of this section, over the
period of time that the replacement
MACRS property would have been in
service if it had been placed in service
when the relinquished MACRS property
was placed in service and removed from
service at the time of disposition of the
relinquished MACRS property. This
period is determined by using the
convention that applied to the
relinquished MACRS property to
determine the date that the relinquished
MACRS property is deemed to have
been placed in service and the date that
it is deemed to have been disposed of.
The length of time the replacement
MACRS property would have been in
service is determined by using these
dates and the convention that applies to
the replacement MACRS property.
(B) Year of replacement is 12 months.
Except as provided in paragraphs
(c)(5)(iii), (e), and (i) of this section, the
depreciation allowance in the year of
replacement for the depreciable
exchanged basis is determined by—
(1) Calculating the applicable
depreciation rate for the replacement
MACRS property as of the beginning of
the year of replacement taking into
account the depreciation method
prescribed for the replacement MACRS
property under paragraph (c)(3) of this
section and the remaining recovery
period of the replacement MACRS
property as of the beginning of the year
of disposition as determined under this
paragraph (c)(5)(ii);
(2) Calculating the depreciable
exchanged basis of the replacement
MACRS property, and adding to that
amount the amount determined under
paragraph (c)(5)(i) of this section for the
year of disposition; and
(3) Multiplying the product of the
amounts determined under paragraphs
(c)(5)(ii)(B)(1) and (B)(2) of this section
by a fraction, the numerator of which is
the number of months (including
fractions of months) the property is
deemed to be in service during the year
of replacement (in the year of
replacement the replacement MACRS
property is deemed to be placed in
service by the acquiring taxpayer at the

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time of replacement under the
convention determined under paragraph
(c)(4)(v) of this section), and the
denominator of which is 12.
(iii) Year of disposition or year of
replacement is less than 12 months. If
the year of disposition or the year of
replacement is less than 12 months, the
depreciation allowance determined
under paragraph (c)(5)(ii)(A) of this
section must be adjusted for a short
taxable year (for further guidance, for
example, see Rev. Proc. 89–15 (1989–1
CB 816) and § 601.601(d)(2)(ii)(b) of this
chapter).
(iv) Deferred transactions—(A) In
general. If the replacement MACRS
property is not acquired until after the
disposition of the relinquished MACRS
property, taking into account the
applicable convention of the
relinquished MACRS property and
replacement MACRS property,
depreciation is not allowable during the
period between the disposition of the
relinquished MACRS property and the
acquisition of the replacement MACRS
property. The recovery period for the
replacement MACRS property is
suspended during this period. For
purposes of paragraph (c)(5)(ii) of this
section, only the depreciable exchanged
basis of the replacement MACRS
property is taken into account for
calculating the amount in paragraph
(c)(5)(ii)(B)(2) of this section if the year
of replacement is a taxable year
subsequent to the year of disposition.
(B) Allowable depreciation for a
qualified intermediary. [Reserved].
(v) Remaining recovery period. The
remaining recovery period of the
replacement MACRS property is
determined as of the beginning of the
year of disposition of the relinquished
MACRS property. For purposes of
determining the remaining recovery
period of the replacement MACRS
property, the replacement MACRS
property is deemed to have been
originally placed in service under the
convention determined under paragraph
(c)(4)(v) of this section, but at the time
the relinquished MACRS property was
deemed to be placed in service under
the convention that applied to it when
it was placed in service.
(6) Examples. The application of this
paragraph (c) is illustrated by the
following examples:
Example 1. A1, a calendar-year taxpayer,
exchanges Building M, an office building, for
Building N, a warehouse in a like-kind
exchange. Building M is relinquished in July
2004 and Building N is acquired and placed
in service in October 2004. A1 did not make
any elections under section 168 for either
Building M or Building N. The unadjusted
depreciable basis of Building M was

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$4,680,000 when placed in service in July
1997. Since the recovery period and
depreciation method prescribed under
section 168 for Building N (39 years, straight
line method) are the same as the recovery
period and depreciation method prescribed
under section 168 for Building M (39 years,
straight line method), Building N is
depreciated over the remaining recovery
period of, and using the same depreciation
method and convention as that of, Building
M. Applying the applicable convention,
Building M is deemed disposed of on July 15,
2004, and Building N is placed in service on
October 15, 2004. Thus, Building N will be
depreciated using the straight line method
over a remaining recovery period of 32 years
beginning in October 2004 (the remaining
recovery period of 32 years and 6.5 months
at the beginning of 2004, less the 6.5 months
of depreciation taken prior to the disposition
of the exchanged MACRS property (Building
M) in 2004). For 2004, the year in which the
transaction takes place, the depreciation
allowance for Building M is ($120,000)(6.5/
12) which equals $65,000. The depreciation
allowance for Building N for 2004 is
($120,000)(2.5/12) which equals $25,000. For
2005 and subsequent years, Building N is
depreciated over the remaining recovery
period of, and using the same depreciation
method and convention as that of, Building
M. Thus, the depreciation allowance for
Building N is the same as Building M,
namely $10,000 per month.
Example 2. B, a calendar-year taxpayer,
placed in service Bridge P in January 1998.
Bridge P is depreciated using the half-year
convention. In January 2004, B exchanges
Bridge P for Building Q, an apartment
building, in a like-kind exchange. Pursuant to
paragraph (k)(2)(i) of this section, B decided
to apply § 1.168(i)-6 to the exchange of
Bridge P for Building Q, the replacement
MACRS property. B did not make any
elections under section 168 for either Bridge
P or Building Q. Since the recovery period
prescribed under section 168 for Building Q
(27.5 years) is longer than that of Bridge P (15
years), Building Q is depreciated as if it had
originally been placed in service in July 1998
and disposed of in July 2004 using a 27.5
year recovery period. Additionally, since the
depreciation method prescribed under
section 168 for Building Q (straight line
method) is less accelerated than that of
Bridge P (150-percent declining balance
method), then the depreciation allowance for
Building Q is computed using the straight
line method. Thus, when Building Q is
acquired and placed in service in 2004, its
basis is depreciated over the remaining 21.5
year recovery period using the straight line
method of depreciation and the mid-month
convention beginning in July 2004.
Example 3. C, a calendar-year taxpayer,
placed in service Building R, a restaurant, in
January 1996. In January 2004, C exchanges
Building R for Tower S, a radio transmitting
tower, in a like-kind exchange. Pursuant to
paragraph (k)(2)(i) of this section, C decided
to apply § 1.168(i)-6 to the exchange of
Building R for Tower S, the replacement
MACRS property. C did not make any
elections under section 168 for either
Building R or Tower S. Since the recovery

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period prescribed under section 168 for
Tower S (15 years) is shorter than that of
Building R (39 years), Tower S is depreciated
over the remaining recovery period of
Building R. Additionally, since the
depreciation method prescribed under
section 168 for Tower S (150% declining
balance method) is more accelerated than
that of Building R (straight line method), then
the depreciation allowance for Tower S is
also computed using the same depreciation
method as Building R. Thus, Tower S is
depreciated over the remaining 31 year
recovery period of Building R using the
straight line method of depreciation and the
mid-month convention. Alternatively, C may
elect under paragraph (i) of this section to
treat Tower S as though it is placed in service
in January 2004. In such case, C uses the
applicable recovery period, depreciation
method, and convention prescribed under
section 168 for Tower S.
Example 4. (i) In February 2002, D, a
calendar-year taxpayer and manufacturer of
rubber products, acquired for $60,000 and
placed in service Asset T (a special tool) and
depreciated Asset T using the straight line
method election under section 168(b)(5) and
the mid-quarter convention over its 3-year
recovery period. D elected not to deduct the
additional first year depreciation for 3-year
property placed in service in 2002. In June
2004, D exchanges Asset T for Asset U (not
a special tool) in a like-kind exchange. D
elected not to deduct the additional first year
depreciation for 7-year property placed in
service in 2004. Since the recovery period
prescribed under section 168 for Asset U (7
years) is longer than that of Asset T (3 years),
Asset U is depreciated as if it had originally
been placed in service in February 2002
using a 7-year recovery period. Additionally,
since the depreciation method prescribed
under section 168 for Asset U (200-percent
declining balance method) is more
accelerated than that of Asset T (straight line
method) at the time of disposition, the
depreciation allowance for Asset U is
computed using the straight line method.
Asset U is depreciated over its remaining
recovery period of 4.75 years using the
straight line method of depreciation and the
mid-quarter convention.
(ii) The 2004 depreciation allowance for
Asset T is $7,500 ($20,000 allowable
depreciation deduction for 2004) × 4.5
months ÷ 12).
(iii) The depreciation rate in 2004 for Asset
U is 0.1951 (1 ÷ 5.125 years (the length of the
applicable recovery period remaining as of
the beginning of 2004)). Therefore, the
depreciation allowance for Asset U in 2004
is $2,744 (0.1951 × $22,500 (the sum of the
$15,000 depreciable exchanged basis of Asset
U ($22,500 adjusted depreciable basis at the
beginning of 2004 for Asset T, less the $7,500
depreciation allowable for Asset T for 2004)
and the $7,500 depreciation allowable for
Asset T for 2004) × 7.5 months ÷ 12).
Example 5. The facts are the same as in
Example 4 except that D exchanges Asset T
for Asset U in June 2005, in a like-kind
exchange. Under these facts, the remaining
recovery period of Asset T at the beginning
of 2005 is 1.5 months and, as a result, is less
than the 5-month period between the

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beginning of 2005 (year of disposition) and
June 2005 (time of disposition). Accordingly,
pursuant to paragraph (c)(5)(i)(B) of this
section, the 2005 depreciation allowance for
Asset T is $2,500 ($2,500 adjusted
depreciable basis at the beginning of 2005
($60,000 original basis minus $17,500
depreciation deduction for 2002 minus
$20,000 depreciation deduction for 2003
minus $20,000 depreciation deduction for
2004)). Because the exchanged basis of asset
U is $0.00, no depreciation is allowable for
asset U.
Example 6. On January 1, 2004, E, a
calendar-year taxpayer, acquired and placed
in service Canopy V, a gas station canopy.
The purchase price of Canopy V was $60,000.
On August 1, 2004, Canopy V was destroyed
in a hurricane and was therefore no longer
usable in E’s business. On October 1, 2004,
as part of the involuntary conversion, E
acquired and placed in service new Canopy
W with the insurance proceeds E received
due to the loss of Canopy V. E elected not
to deduct the additional first year
depreciation for 5-year property placed in
service in 2004. E depreciates both canopies
under the general depreciation system of
section 168(a) by using the 200-percent
declining balance method of depreciation, a
5-year recovery period, and the half-year
convention. No depreciation deduction is
allowable for Canopy V. The depreciation
deduction allowable for Canopy W for 2004
is $12,000 ($60,000 × the annual depreciation
rate of .40 × 1⁄2 year). For 2005, the
depreciation deduction for Canopy W is
$19,200 ($48,000 adjusted basis × the annual
depreciation rate of .40).
Example 7. The facts are the same as in
Example 6, except that E did not make the
election out of the additional first year
depreciation for 5-year property placed in
service in 2004. E depreciates both canopies
under the general depreciation system of
section 168(a) by using the 200-percent
declining balance method of depreciation, a
5-year recovery period, and the half-year
convention. No depreciation deduction is
allowable for Canopy V. For 2004, E is
allowed a 50-percent additional first year
depreciation deduction of $30,000 for
Canopy W (the unadjusted depreciable basis
of $60,000 multiplied by .50), and a regular
MACRS depreciation deduction of $6,000 for
Canopy W (the depreciable exchanged basis
of $30,000 multiplied by the annual
depreciation rate of .40 × 1⁄2 year). For 2005,
E is allowed a regular MACRS depreciation
deduction of $9,600 for Canopy W (the
depreciable exchanged basis of $24,000
($30,000 minus regular 2003 depreciation of
$6,000) multiplied by the annual
depreciation rate of .40).
Example 8. In January 2001, F, a calendaryear taxpayer, places in service a paved
parking lot, Lot W, and begins depreciating
Lot W over its 15-year recovery period. F’s
unadjusted depreciable basis in Lot W is
$1,000x. On April 1, 2004, F disposes of Lot
W in a like-kind exchange for Building X,
which is nonresidential real property. Lot W
is depreciated using the 150 percent
declining balance method and the half-year
convention. Building X is depreciated using
the straight-line method with a 39-year

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recovery period and using the mid-month
convention. Both Lot W and Building X were
in service at the time of the exchange.
Because Lot W was depreciated using the
half-year convention, it is deemed to have
been placed in service on July 1, 2001, the
first day of the second half of 2001, and to
have been disposed of on July 1, 2004, the
first day of the second half of 2004. To
determine the remaining recovery period of
Building X at the time of replacement,
Building X is deemed to have been placed in
service on July 1, 2001, and removed from
service on July 1, 2004. Thus, Building X is
deemed to have been in service, at the time
of replacement, for 3 years (36 months = 5.5
months in 2001 + 12 months in 2002 + 12
months in 2003 + 6.5 months in 2004) and
its remaining recovery period is 36 years (39
¥ 3). Because Building X is deemed to be
placed in service at the time of replacement,
July 1, 2004, the first day of the second half
of 2004, Building X is depreciated for 5.5
months in 2004. However, at the beginning
of the year of replacement the remaining
recovery period for Building X is 36 years
and 6.5 months (39 years ¥ 2 years and 5.5
months (5.5 months in 2001 + 12 months in
2002 + 12 months in 2003)). The depreciation
rate for building X for 2004 is 0.02737 (= 1/
(39–2–5.5/12)). For 2005, the depreciation
rate for Building X is 0.02814 (= 1/(39–3–5.5/
12)).
Example 9. The facts are the same as in
Example 8. F did not make the election
under paragraph (i) of this section for
Building Y in the initial exchange. In January
2006, F exchanges Building Y for Building Z,
an office building, in a like-kind exchange. F
did not make any elections under section 168
for either Building Y or Building Z. Since the
recovery period prescribed for Building Y as
a result of the initial exchange (39 years) is
longer than that of Building Z (27.5 years),
Building Z is depreciated over the remaining
33 years of the recovery period of Building
Y. The depreciation methods are the same for
both Building Y and Building Z so F’s
exchanged basis in Building Z is depreciated
over 33 years, using the straight-line method
and the mid-month convention, beginning in
January 2006. Alternatively, F could have
made the election under paragraph (i) of this
section. If F makes such election, Building Z
is treated as placed in service by F when
acquired in January 2006 and F would
recover its exchanged basis in Building Z
over 27.5 years, using the straight line
method and the mid-month convention,
beginning in January 2006.

(d) Special rules for determining
depreciation allowances—(1) Excess
basis—(i) In general. Any excess basis in
the replacement MACRS property is
treated as property that is placed in
service by the acquiring taxpayer in the
year of replacement. Thus, the
depreciation allowances for the
depreciable excess basis are determined
by using the applicable recovery period,
depreciation method, and convention
prescribed under section 168 for the
property at the time of replacement.
However, if replacement MACRS

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property is disposed of during the same
taxable year the relinquished MACRS
property is placed in service by the
acquiring taxpayer, no depreciation
deduction is allowable for either
MACRS property. See paragraph (g) of
this section regarding the application of
section 179. See paragraph (h) of this
section regarding the application of
section 168(k) or 1400L(b).
(ii) Example. The application of this
paragraph (d)(1) is illustrated by the
following example:
Example. In 1989, G placed in service a
hospital. On January 16, 2004, G exchanges
this hospital plus $2,000,000 cash for an
office building in a like-kind exchange. On
January 16, 2004, the hospital has an
adjusted depreciable basis of $1,500,000.
After the exchange, the basis of the office
building is $3,500,000. Pursuant to paragraph
(k)(2)(i) of this section, G decided to apply
§ 1.168(i)–6 to the exchange of the hospital
for the office building, the replacement
MACRS property. The depreciable exchanged
basis of the office building is depreciated in
accordance with paragraph (c) of this section.
The depreciable excess basis of $2,000,000 is
treated as being placed in service by G in
2004 and, as a result, is depreciated using the
applicable depreciation method, recovery
period, and convention prescribed for the
office building under section 168 at the time
of replacement.

(2) Depreciable and nondepreciable
property—(i) If land or other
nondepreciable property is acquired in
a like-kind exchange for, or as a result
of an involuntary conversion of,
depreciable property, the land or other
nondepreciable property is not
depreciated. If both MACRS and
nondepreciable property are acquired in
a like-kind exchange for, or as part of an
involuntary conversion of, MACRS
property, the basis allocated to the
nondepreciable property (as determined
under section 1031(d) and the
regulations under section 1031(d) or
section 1033(b) and the regulations
under section 1033(b)) is not
depreciated and the basis allocated to
the replacement MACRS property (as
determined under section 1031(d) and
the regulations under section 1031(d) or
section 1033(b) and the regulations
under section 1033(b)) is depreciated in
accordance with this section.
(ii) If MACRS property is acquired, or
if both MACRS and nondepreciable
property are acquired, in a like-kind
exchange for, or as part of an
involuntary conversion of, land or other
nondepreciable property, the basis in
the replacement MACRS property that is
attributable to the relinquished
nondepreciable property is treated as
though the replacement MACRS
property is placed in service by the
acquiring taxpayer in the year of

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replacement. Thus, the depreciation
allowances for the replacement MACRS
property are determined by using the
applicable recovery period, depreciation
method, and convention prescribed
under section 168 for the replacement
MACRS property at the time of
replacement. See paragraph (g) of this
section regarding the application of
section 179. See paragraph (h) of this
section regarding the application of
section 168(k) or 1400L(b).
(3) Depreciation limitations for
automobiles—(i) In general.
Depreciation allowances under section
179 and section 167 (including
allowances under sections 168 and
1400L(b)) for a passenger automobile, as
defined in section 280F(d)(5), are
subject to the limitations of section
280F(a). The depreciation allowances
for a passenger automobile that is
replacement MACRS property
(replacement MACRS passenger
automobile) generally are limited in any
taxable year to the replacement
automobile section 280F limit for the
taxable year. The taxpayer’s basis in the
replacement MACRS passenger
automobile is treated as being
comprised of two separate components.
The first component is the exchanged
basis and the second component is the
excess basis, if any. The depreciation
allowances for a passenger automobile
that is relinquished MACRS property
(relinquished MACRS passenger
automobile) for the taxable year
generally are limited to the relinquished
automobile section 280F limit for that
taxable year. In the year of disposition
the sum of the depreciation deductions
for the relinquished MACRS passenger
automobile and the replacement
MACRS passenger automobile may not
exceed the replacement automobile
section 280F limit unless the taxpayer
makes the election under § 1.168(i)–6(i).
For purposes of this paragraph (d)(3),
the following definitions apply:
(A) Replacement automobile section
280F limit is the limit on depreciation
deductions under section 280F(a) for the
taxable year based on the time of
replacement of the replacement MACRS
passenger automobile (including the
effect of any elections under section
168(k) or section 1400L(b), as
applicable).
(B) Relinquished automobile section
280F limit is the limit on depreciation
deductions under section 280F(a) for the
taxable year based on when the
relinquished MACRS passenger
automobile was placed in service by the
taxpayer.
(ii) Order in which limitations on
depreciation under section 280F(a) are
applied. Generally, depreciation

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deductions allowable under section
280F(a) reduce the basis in the
relinquished MACRS passenger
automobile and the exchanged basis of
the replacement MACRS passenger
automobile, before the excess basis of
the replacement MACRS passenger
automobile is reduced. The depreciation
deductions for the relinquished MACRS
passenger automobile in the year of
disposition and the replacement
MACRS passenger automobile in the
year of replacement and each
subsequent taxable year are allowable in
the following order:
(A) The depreciation deduction
allowable for the relinquished MACRS
passenger automobile as determined
under paragraph (c)(5)(i) of this section
for the year of disposition to the extent
of the smaller of the replacement
automobile section 280F limit and the
relinquished automobile section 280F
limit, if the year of disposition is the
year of replacement. If the year of
replacement is a taxable year
subsequent to the year of disposition,
the depreciation deduction allowable
for the relinquished MACRS passenger
automobile for the year of disposition is
limited to the relinquished automobile
section 280F limit.
(B) The additional first year
depreciation allowable on the remaining
exchanged basis (remaining carryover
basis as determined under § 1.168(k)–
1(f)(5) or § 1.1400L(b)–1(f)(5), as
applicable) of the replacement MACRS
passenger automobile, as determined
under § 1.168(k)–1(f)(5) or § 1.1400L(b)–
1(f)(5), as applicable, to the extent of the
excess of the replacement automobile
section 280F limit over the amount
allowable under paragraph (d)(3)(ii)(A)
of this section.
(C) The depreciation deduction
allowable for the taxable year on the
depreciable exchanged basis of the
replacement MACRS passenger
automobile determined under paragraph
(c) of this section to the extent of any
excess over the sum of the amounts
allowable under paragraphs (d)(3)(ii)(A)
and (B) of this section of the smaller of
the replacement automobile section
280F limit and the relinquished
automobile section 280F limit.
(D) Any section 179 deduction
allowable in the year of replacement on
the excess basis of the replacement
MACRS passenger automobile to the
extent of the excess of the replacement
automobile section 280F limit over the
sum of the amounts allowable under
paragraphs (d)(3)(ii)(A), (B), and (C) of
this section.
(E) The additional first year
depreciation allowable on the remaining
excess basis of the replacement MACRS

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passenger automobile, as determined
under § 1.168(k)–1(f)(5) or § 1.1400L(b)–
1(f)(5), as applicable, to the extent of the
excess of the replacement automobile
section 280F limit over the sum of the
amounts allowable under paragraphs
(d)(3)(ii)(A), (B), (C), and (D) of this
section.
(F) The depreciation deduction
allowable under paragraph (d) of this
section for the depreciable excess basis
of the replacement MACRS passenger
automobile to the extent of the excess of
the replacement automobile section
280F limit over the sum of the amounts
allowable under paragraphs (d)(3)(ii)(A),
(B), (C), (D), and (E) of this section.
(iii) Examples. The application of this
paragraph (d)(3) is illustrated by the
following examples:
Example 1. H, a calendar-year taxpayer,
acquired and placed in service Automobile X
in January 2000 for $30,000 to be used solely
for H’s business. In December 2003, H
exchanges, in a like-kind exchange,
Automobile X plus $15,000 cash for new
Automobile Y that will also be used solely
in H’s business. Automobile Y is 50-percent
bonus depreciation property for purposes of
section 168(k)(4). Both automobiles are
depreciated using the double declining
balance method, the half-year convention,
and a 5-year recovery period. Pursuant to
§ 1.168(k)–1(g)(3)(ii) and paragraph (k)(2)(i)
of this section, H decided to apply § 1.168(i)–
6 to the exchange of Automobile X for
Automobile Y, the replacement MACRS
property. The relinquished automobile
section 280F limit for 2003 for Automobile X
is $1,775. The replacement automobile
section 280F limit for Automobile Y is
$10,710. The exchanged basis for Automobile
Y is $17,315 ($30,000 less total depreciation
allowable of $12,685 (($3,060 for 2000,
$4,900 for 2001, $2,950 for 2002, and $1,775
for 2003)). Without taking section 280F into
account, the additional first year depreciation
deduction for the remaining exchanged basis
is $8,658 ($17,315 × 0.5). Because this
amount is less than $8,935 ($10,710 (the
replacement automobile section 280F limit
for 2003 for Automobile Y) ¥ $1,775 (the
depreciation allowable for Automobile X for
2003)), the additional first year depreciation
deduction for the exchanged basis is $8,658.
No depreciation deduction is allowable in
2003 for the depreciable exchanged basis
because the depreciation deductions taken
for Automobile X and the remaining
exchanged basis exceed the exchanged
automobile section 280F limit. An additional
first year depreciation deduction of $277 is
allowable for the excess basis of $15,000 in
Automobile Y. Thus, at the end of 2003 the
adjusted depreciable basis in Automobile Y
is $23,379 comprised of adjusted depreciable
exchanged basis of $8,657 ($17,315
(exchanged basis) ¥ $8,658 (additional first
year depreciation for exchanged basis)) and
of an adjusted depreciable excess basis of
$14,723 ($15,000 (excess basis) ¥ $277
(additional first year depreciation for 2003)).
Example 2. The facts are the same as in
Example 1, except that H used Automobile

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9257

X only 75 percent for business use. As such,
the total allowable depreciation for
Automobile X is reduced to reflect that the
automobile is only used 75 percent for
business. The total allowable depreciation of
Automobile X is $9,513.75 ($2,295 for 2000
($3,060 limit × .75), $3,675 for 2001 ($4,900
limit × .75), $2,212.50 for 2002 ($2,950 limit
× .75), and $1,331.25 for 2003 ($1,775 limit
× .75). However, under § 1.280F–
2T(g)(2)(ii)(A), the exchanged basis is
reduced by the excess (if any) of the
depreciation that would have been allowable
if the exchanged automobile had been used
solely for business over the depreciation that
was allowable in those years. Thus, the
exchanged basis, for purposes of computing
depreciation, for Automobile Y is $17,315.
Example 3. The facts are the same as in
Example 1, except that H placed in service
Automobile X in January 2002, and H elected
not to claim the additional first year
depreciation deduction for 5-year property
placed in service in 2002 and 2003. The
relinquished automobile section 280F limit
for Automobile X for 2003 is $4,900. Because
the replacement automobile section 280F
limit for 2003 for Automobile Y ($3,060) is
less than the relinquished automobile section
280F limit for Automobile X for 2003 and is
less than $5,388 (($30,000 (cost) ¥ $3,060
(depreciation allowable for 2002)) × 0.4 × 6/
12), the depreciation that would be allowable
for Automobile X (determined without regard
to section 280F) in the year of disposition,
the depreciation for Automobile X in the year
of disposition is limited to $3,060. For 2003
no depreciation is allowable for the excess
basis and the exchanged basis in Automobile
Y.
Example 4. AB, a calendar-year taxpayer,
purchased and placed in service Automobile
X1 in February 2000 for $10,000. X1 is a
passenger automobile subject to section
280F(a) and is used solely for AB’s business.
AB depreciated X1 using a 5-year recovery
period, the double declining balance method,
and the half-year convention. As of January
1, 2003, the adjusted depreciable basis of X1
was $2,880 ($10,000 original cost minus
$2,000 depreciation deduction for 2000,
minus $3,200 depreciation deduction for
2001, and $1,920 depreciation deduction for
2002). In November 2003, AB exchanges, in
a like-kind exchange, Automobile X1 plus
$14,000 cash for new Automobile Y1 that
will be used solely in AB’s business.
Automobile Y1 is 50-percent bonus
depreciation property for purposes of section
168(k)(4) and qualifies for the expensing
election under section 179. Pursuant to
paragraph § 1.168(k)–1(g)(3)(ii) and
paragraph (k)(2)(i) of this section, AB decided
to apply § 1.168(i)–6 to the exchange of
Automobile X1 for Automobile Y1, the
replacement MACRS property. AB also
makes the election under section 179 for the
excess basis of Automobile Y1. AB
depreciates Y1 using a five-year recovery
period, the double declining balance method
and the half-year convention. For 2003, the
relinquished automobile section 280F limit
for Automobile X1 is $1,775 and the
replacement automobile section 280F limit
for 2003 for Automobile Y1 is $10,710.
(i) The 2003 depreciation deduction for
Automobile X1 is $576. The depreciation

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deduction calculated for X1 is $576 (the
adjusted depreciable basis of Automobile X1
at the beginning of 2003 of $2,880 × 40% ×
1⁄2 year), which is less than the relinquished
automobile section 280F limit and the
replacement automobile section 280F limit.
(ii) The additional first year depreciation
deduction for the exchanged basis is $1,152.
The additional first year depreciation
deduction of $1,152 (remaining exchanged
basis of $2,304 ($2,880 adjusted basis of
Automobile X1 at the beginning of 2003
minus $576) ¥ 0.5)) is less than the
replacement automobile section 280F limit
minus $576.
(iii) AB’s MACRS depreciation deduction
allowable in 2003 for the remaining
exchanged basis of $1,152 is $47 (the
relinquished automobile section 280F limit
of $1,775 less the depreciation deduction of
$576 taken for Automobile X1 less the
additional first year depreciation deduction
of $1,152 taken for the exchanged basis)
which is less than the depreciation deduction
calculated for the depreciable exchanged
basis.
(iv) For 2003, AB takes a $1,400 section
179 deduction for the excess basis of
Automobile Y1. AB must reduce the excess
basis of $14,000 by the section 179 deduction
of $1,400 to determine the remaining excess
basis of $12,600.
(v) For 2003, AB is allowed a 50-percent
additional first year depreciation deduction
of $6,300 (the remaining excess basis of
$12,600 multiplied by .50).
(vi) For 2003, AB’s depreciation deduction
for the depreciable excess basis is limited to
$1,235. The depreciation deduction
computed without regard to the replacement
automobile section 280F limit is $1,260
($6,300 depreciable excess basis × 0.4 × 6/
12). However the depreciation deduction for
the depreciable excess basis is limited to
$1,235 ($10,710 (replacement automobile
section 280F limit) ¥ $576 (depreciation
deduction for Automobile X1) ¥ $1,152
(additional first year depreciation deduction
for the exchanged basis) ¥ $47 (depreciation
deduction for exchanged basis) ¥ 1,400
(section 179 deduction) ¥ $6,300 (additional
first year depreciation deduction for
remaining excess basis)).

(4) Involuntary conversion for which
the replacement MACRS property is
acquired and placed in service before
disposition of relinquished MACRS
property. If, in an involuntary
conversion, a taxpayer acquires and
places in service the replacement
MACRS property before the date of
disposition of the relinquished MACRS
property, the taxpayer depreciates the
unadjusted depreciable basis of the
replacement MACRS property under
section 168 beginning in the taxable
year when the replacement MACRS
property is placed in service by the
taxpayer and by using the applicable
depreciation method, recovery period,
and convention prescribed under
section 168 for the replacement MACRS
property at the placed-in-service date.
However, at the time of disposition of

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the relinquished MACRS property, the
taxpayer determines the exchanged
basis and the excess basis of the
replacement MACRS property and
begins to depreciate the depreciable
exchanged basis of the replacement
MACRS property in accordance with
paragraph (c) of this section. The
depreciable excess basis of the
replacement MACRS property continues
to be depreciated by the taxpayer in
accordance with the first sentence of
this paragraph (d)(4). Further, in the
year of disposition of the relinquished
MACRS property, the taxpayer must
include in taxable income the excess of
the depreciation deductions allowable
on the unadjusted depreciable basis of
the replacement MACRS property over
the depreciation deductions that would
have been allowable to the taxpayer on
the depreciable excess basis of the
replacement MACRS property from the
date the replacement MACRS property
was placed in service by the taxpayer
(taking into account the applicable
convention) to the time of disposition of
the relinquished MACRS property.
However, see § 1.168(k)–1(f)(5)(v) for
replacement MACRS property that is
qualified property or 50-percent bonus
depreciation property and § 1.1400L(b)–
1(f)(5) for replacement MACRS property
that is qualified New York Liberty Zone
property.
(e) Use of optional depreciation
tables—(1) Taxpayer not bound by prior
use of table. If a taxpayer used an
optional depreciation table for the
relinquished MACRS property, the
taxpayer is not required to use an
optional table for the depreciable
exchanged basis of the replacement
MACRS property. Conversely, if a
taxpayer did not use an optional
depreciation table for the relinquished
MACRS property, the taxpayer may use
the appropriate table for the depreciable
exchanged basis of the replacement
MACRS property. If a taxpayer decides
not to use the table for the depreciable
exchanged basis of the replacement
MACRS property, the depreciation
allowance for this property for the year
of replacement and subsequent taxable
years is determined under paragraph (c)
of this section. If a taxpayer decides to
use the optional depreciation tables, no
depreciation deduction is allowable for
MACRS property placed in service by
the acquiring taxpayer and subsequently
exchanged or involuntarily converted by
such taxpayer in the same taxable year,
and, if, during the same taxable year,
MACRS property is placed in service by
the acquiring taxpayer, exchanged or
involuntarily converted by such
taxpayer, and the replacement MACRS

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property is disposed of by such
taxpayer, no depreciation deduction is
allowable for either MACRS property.
(2) Determination of the depreciation
deduction—(i) Relinquished MACRS
property. In the year of disposition, the
depreciation allowance for the
relinquished MACRS property is
computed by multiplying the
unadjusted depreciable basis (less the
amount of the additional first year
depreciation deduction allowed or
allowable, whichever is greater, under
section 168(k) or section 1400L(b), as
applicable) of the relinquished MACRS
property by the annual depreciation rate
(expressed as a decimal equivalent)
specified in the appropriate table for the
recovery year corresponding to the year
of disposition. This product is then
multiplied by a fraction, the numerator
of which is the number of months
(including fractions of months) the
property is deemed to be placed in
service during the year of the exchange
or involuntary conversion (taking into
account the applicable convention) and
the denominator of which is 12.
However, if the year of disposition is
less than 12 months, the depreciation
allowance determined under this
paragraph (e)(2)(i) must be adjusted for
a short taxable year (for further
guidance, for example, see Rev. Proc.
89–15 (1989–1 CB 816) and
§ 601.601(d)(2)(ii)(b) of this chapter).
(ii) Replacement MACRS property—
(A) Determination of the appropriate
optional depreciation table. If a taxpayer
chooses to use the appropriate optional
depreciation table for the depreciable
exchanged basis, the depreciation
allowances for the depreciable
exchanged basis beginning in the year of
replacement are determined by choosing
the optional depreciation table that
corresponds to the recovery period,
depreciation method, and convention of
the replacement MACRS property
determined under paragraph (c) of this
section.
(B) Calculating the depreciation
deduction for the replacement MACRS
property. (1) The depreciation
deduction for the taxable year is
computed by first determining the
appropriate recovery year in the table
identified under paragraph (e)(2)(ii)(A)
of this section. The appropriate recovery
year for the year of replacement is the
same as the recovery year for the year
of disposition, regardless of the taxable
year in which the replacement property
is acquired. For example, if the recovery
year for the year of disposition would
have been year 4 in the table that
applied before the disposition of the
relinquished MACRS property, then the
recovery year for the year of

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replacement is Year 4 in the table
identified under paragraph (e)(2)(ii)(A)
of this section.
(2) Next, the annual depreciation rate
(expressed as a decimal equivalent) for
each recovery year is multiplied by a
transaction coefficient. The transaction
coefficient is the formula (1 / (1 ¥ x))
where x equals the sum of the annual
depreciation rates from the table
identified under paragraph (e)(2)(ii)(A)
of this section (expressed as a decimal
equivalent) corresponding to the
replacement MACRS property (as
determined under paragraph (e)(2)(ii)(A)
of this section) for the taxable years
beginning with the placed-in-service
year of the relinquished MACRS
property through the taxable year
immediately prior to the year of
disposition. The product of the annual
depreciation rate and the transaction
coefficient is multiplied by the
depreciable exchanged basis (taking into
account paragraph (e)(2)(i) of this
section). In the year of replacement, this
product is then multiplied by a fraction,
the numerator of which is the number
of months (including fractions of
months) the property is deemed to be
placed in service by the acquiring
taxpayer during the year of replacement
(taking into account the applicable
convention) and the denominator of
which is 12. However, if the year of
replacement is the year the relinquished
MACRS property is placed in service by
the acquiring taxpayer, the preceding
sentence does not apply. In addition, if
the year of replacement is less than 12
months, the depreciation allowance
determined under paragraph (e)(2)(ii) of
this section must be adjusted for a short
taxable year (for further guidance, for
example, see Rev. Proc. 89–15 (1989–1
CB 816) and § 601.601(d)(2)(ii)(b) of this
chapter).
(iii) Unrecovered basis. If the
replacement MACRS property would
have unrecovered depreciable basis after
the final recovery year (for example, due
to a deferred exchange), the unrecovered
basis is an allowable depreciation
deduction in the taxable year that
corresponds to the final recovery year
unless the unrecovered basis is subject
to a depreciation limitation such as
section 280F.
(3) Excess basis. As provided in
paragraph (d)(1) of this section, any
excess basis in the replacement MACRS
property is treated as property that is
placed in service by the acquiring
taxpayer at the time of replacement.
Thus, if the taxpayer chooses to use the
appropriate optional depreciation table
for the depreciable excess basis in the
replacement MACRS property, the
depreciation allowances for the

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depreciable excess basis are determined
by multiplying the depreciable excess
basis by the annual depreciation rate
(expressed as a decimal equivalent)
specified in the appropriate table for
each taxable year. The appropriate table
for the depreciable excess basis is based
on the depreciation method, recovery
period, and convention applicable to the
depreciable excess basis under section
168 at the time of replacement.
However, If the year of replacement is
less than 12 months, the depreciation
allowance determined under this
paragraph (e)(3) must be adjusted for a
short taxable year (for further guidance,
for example, see Rev. Proc. 89–15
(1989–1 CB 816) and
§ 601.601(d)(2)(ii)(b) of this chapter).
(4) Examples. The application of this
paragraph (e) is illustrated by the
following examples:
Example 1. J, a calendar-year taxpayer,
acquired 5-year property for $10,000 and
placed it in service in January 2001. J uses
the optional tables to depreciate the property.
J uses the half-year convention and did not
make any elections for the property. In
December 2003, J exchanges the 5-year
property for used 7-year property in a likekind exchange. Pursuant to paragraph
(k)(2)(i) of this section, J decided to apply
§ 1.168(i)–6 to the exchange of the 5-year
property for the 7-year property, the
replacement MACRS property. The
depreciable exchanged basis of the 7-year
property equals the adjusted depreciable
basis of the 5-year property at the time of
disposition of the relinquished MACRS
property, namely $3,840 ($10,000 less $2,000
depreciation in 2001, $3,200 depreciation in
2002, and $960 depreciation in 2003). J must
first determine the appropriate optional
depreciation table pursuant to paragraph (c)
of this section. Since the replacement
MACRS property has a longer recovery
period and the same depreciation method as
the relinquished MACRS property, J uses the
optional depreciation table corresponding to
a 7-year recovery period, the 200% declining
balance method, and the half-year
convention (because the 5-year property was
depreciated using a half-year convention).
Had the replacement MACRS property been
placed in service in the same taxable year as
the placed-in-service year of the relinquished
MACRS property, the depreciation allowance
for the replacement MACRS property for the
year of replacement would be determined
using recovery year 3 of the optional table.
The depreciation allowance equals the
depreciable exchanged basis ($3,840)
multiplied by the annual depreciation rate
for the current taxable year (.1749 for
recovery year 3) as modified by the
transaction coefficient [1 / (1 ¥ (.1429 +
.2449))] which equals 1.6335. Thus, J
multiplies $3,840, its depreciable exchanged
basis in the replacement MACRS property, by
the product of .1749 and 1.6335, and then by
one-half, to determine the depreciation
allowance for 2003, $549. For 2004, J
multiples its depreciable exchanged basis in

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9259

the replacement MACRS property
determined at the time of replacement of
$3,840 by the product of the modified annual
depreciation rate for the current taxable year
(.1249 for recovery year 4) and the
transaction coefficient (1.6335) to determine
its depreciation allowance of $783.
Example 2. K, a calendar-year taxpayer,
acquired used Asset V for $100,000 and
placed it in service in January 1999. K
depreciated Asset V under the general
depreciation system of section 168(a) by
using a 5-year recovery period, the 200percent declining balance method of
depreciation, and the half-year convention.
In December 2003, as part of the involuntary
conversion, Asset V is involuntarily
converted due to an earthquake. In October
2005, K purchases used Asset W with the
insurance proceeds from the destruction of
Asset V and places Asset W in service to
replace Asset V. Pursuant to paragraph
(k)(2)(i) of this section, K decided to apply
§ 1.168(i)–6 to the involuntary conversion of
Asset V with the replacement of Asset W, the
replacement MACRS property. If Asset W
had been placed in service when Asset V was
placed in service, it would have been
depreciated using a 7-year recovery period,
the 200-percent declining balance method,
and the half-year convention. K uses the
optional depreciation tables to depreciate
Asset V and Asset W. For 2003 (recovery year
5 on the optional table), the depreciation
deduction for Asset V is $5,760
((0.1152)($100,000)(1/2)). Thus, the adjusted
depreciable basis of Asset V at the time of
replacement is $11,520 ($100,000 less
$20,000 depreciation in 1999, $32,000
depreciation in 2000, $19,200 depreciation in
2001, $11,520 depreciation in 2002, and
$5,760 depreciation in 2003). Under the table
that applied to Asset V, the year of
disposition was recovery year 5 and the
depreciation deduction was determined
under the straight line method. The table that
applies for Asset W is the table that applies
the straight line depreciation method, the
half-year convention, and a 7-year recovery
period. The appropriate recovery year under
this table is recovery year 5. The depreciation
deduction for Asset W for 2005 is $1,646
(($11,520)(0.1429)(1/(1¥0.5))(1/2)). Thus, the
depreciation deduction for Asset W in 2006
(recovery year 6) is $3,290
($11,520)(0.1428)(1/(1¥0.5)). The
depreciation deduction for 2007 (recovery
year 7) is $3,292 (($11,520)(.1429)(1/(1¥.5))).
The depreciation deduction for 2008
(recovery year 8) is $3292 ($11,520 less
allowable depreciation for Asset W for 2005
through 2007 ($1,646 + $3,290 + $3,292)).
Example 3. L, a calendar-year taxpayer,
placed in service used Computer X in
January 2002 for $5,000. L depreciated
Computer X under the general depreciation
system of section 168(a) by using the 200percent declining balance method of
depreciation, a 5-year recovery period, and
the half-year convention. Computer X is
destroyed in a fire in March 2004. For 2004,
the depreciation deduction allowable for
Computer X equals $480 ([($5,000)(.1920)] ×
(1/2)). Thus, the adjusted depreciable basis of
Computer X was $1,920 when it was
destroyed ($5,000 unadjusted depreciable

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basis less $1,000 depreciation for 2002,
$1,600 depreciation for 2003, and $480
depreciation for 2004). In April 2004, as part
of the involuntary conversion, L acquired
and placed in service used Computer Y with
insurance proceeds received due to the loss
of Computer X. Computer Y will be
depreciated using the same depreciation
method, recovery period, and convention as
Computer X. L elected to use the optional
depreciation tables to compute the
depreciation allowance for Computer X and
Computer Y. The depreciation deduction
allowable for 2004 for Computer Y equals
$384 ([$1,920 × (.1920)(1/(1¥.52))] × (1/2)).

(f) Mid-quarter convention. For
purposes of applying the 40-percent test
under section 168(d) and the regulations
under section 168(d), the following
rules apply:
(1) Exchanged basis. If, in a taxable
year, MACRS property is placed in
service by the acquiring taxpayer (but
not as a result of a like-kind exchange
or involuntary conversion) and—
(i) In the same taxable year, is
disposed of by the acquiring taxpayer in
a like-kind exchange or an involuntary
conversion and replaced by the
acquiring taxpayer with replacement
MACRS property, the exchanged basis
(determined without any adjustments
for depreciation deductions during the
taxable year) of the replacement MACRS
property is taken into account in the
year of replacement in the quarter the
relinquished MACRS property was
placed in service by the acquiring
taxpayer; or
(ii) In the same taxable year, is
disposed of by the acquiring taxpayer in
a like-kind exchange or an involuntary
conversion, and in a subsequent taxable
year is replaced by the acquiring
taxpayer with replacement MACRS
property, the exchanged basis
(determined without any adjustments
for depreciation deductions during the
taxable year) of the replacement MACRS
property is taken into account in the
year of replacement in the quarter the
replacement MACRS property was
placed in service by the acquiring
taxpayer; or
(iii) In a subsequent taxable year,
disposed of by the acquiring taxpayer in
a like-kind exchange or involuntary
conversion, the exchanged basis of the
replacement MACRS property is not
taken into account in the year of
replacement.
(2) Excess basis. Any excess basis is
taken into account in the quarter the
replacement MACRS property is placed
in service by the acquiring taxpayer.
(3) Depreciable property acquired for
nondepreciable property. Both the
exchanged basis and excess basis of the
replacement MACRS property described
in paragraph (d)(2)(ii) of this section

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(depreciable property acquired for
nondepreciable property), are taken into
account for determining whether the
mid-quarter convention applies in the
year of replacement.
(g) Section 179 election. In applying
the section 179 election, only the excess
basis, if any, in the replacement MACRS
property is taken into account. If the
replacement MACRS property is
described in paragraph (d)(2)(ii) of this
section (depreciable property acquired
for nondepreciable property), only the
excess basis in the replacement MACRS
property is taken into account.
(h) Additional first year depreciation
deduction. See § 1.168(k)–1(f)(5) (for
qualified property or 50-percent bonus
depreciation property) and
§ 1.1400L(b)–1(f)(5) (for qualified New
York Liberty Zone property).
(i) Elections—(1) Election not to apply
this section. A taxpayer may elect not to
apply this section for any MACRS
property involved in a like-kind
exchange or involuntary conversion. An
election under this paragraph (i)(1)
applies only to the taxpayer making the
election and the election applies to both
the relinquished MACRS property and
the replacement MACRS property. If an
election is made under this paragraph
(i)(1), the depreciation allowances for
the replacement MACRS property
beginning in the year of replacement
and for the relinquished MACRS
property in the year of disposition are
not determined under this section
(except as otherwise provided in this
paragraph). Instead, for depreciation
purposes only, the sum of the
exchanged basis and excess basis, if any,
in the replacement MACRS property is
treated as property placed in service by
the taxpayer at the time of replacement
and the adjusted depreciable basis of the
relinquished MACRS property is treated
as being disposed of by the taxpayer at
the time of disposition. While the
relinquished MACRS property is treated
as being disposed of at the time of
disposition for depreciation purposes,
the election not to apply this section
does not affect the application of
sections 1031 and 1033 (for example, if
a taxpayer does not make the election
under this paragraph (i)(1) and does not
recognize gain or loss under section
1031, this result would not change if the
taxpayer chose to make the election
under this paragraph (i)(1)). In addition,
the election not to apply this section
does not affect the application of
sections 1245 and 1250 to the
relinquished MACRS property.
Paragraphs (c)(5)(i) (determination of
depreciation for relinquished MACRS
property in the year of disposition),
(c)(5)(iii) (rules for deferred

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transactions), (g) (section 179 election),
and (h) (additional first year
depreciation deduction) of this section
apply to property to which this
paragraph (i)(1) applies. See paragraph
(j) of this section for the time and
manner of making the election under
this paragraph (i)(1).
(2) Election to treat certain
replacement property as MACRS
property. If the tangible depreciable
property acquired by a taxpayer in a
like-kind exchange or involuntary
conversion (the replacement property)
replaces tangible depreciable property
for which the taxpayer made a valid
election under section 168(f)(1) to
exclude it from the application of
MACRS (the relinquished property), the
taxpayer may elect to treat, for
depreciation purposes only, the sum of
the exchanged basis and excess basis, if
any, of the replacement property as
MACRS property that is placed in
service by the taxpayer at the time of
replacement. An election under this
paragraph (i)(2) applies only to the
taxpayer making the election and the
election applies to both the relinquished
property and the replacement property.
If an election is made under this
paragraph (i)(2), the adjusted
depreciable basis of the relinquished
property is treated as being disposed of
by the taxpayer at the time of
disposition. Rules similar to those
provided in §§ 1.168(i)–6(b)(3) and (4)
apply for purposes of determining the
time of disposition and time of
replacement under this paragraph (i)(2).
While the relinquished property is
treated as being disposed of at the time
of disposition for depreciation purposes,
the election under this paragraph (i)(2)
does not affect the application of
sections 1031 and 1033, and the
application of sections 1245 and 1250 to
the relinquished property. If an election
is made under this paragraph (i)(2),
rules similar to those provided in
paragraphs (c)(5)(iii) (rules for deferred
transactions), (g) (section 179 election),
and (h) (additional first year
depreciation deduction) of this section
apply to property. Except as provided in
paragraph (k)(3)(ii) of this section, a
taxpayer makes the election under this
paragraph (i)(2) by claiming the
depreciation allowance as determined
under MACRS for the replacement
property on the taxpayer’s timely filed
(including extensions) original Federal
tax return for the placed-in-service year
of the replacement property as
determined under this paragraph (i)(2).
(j) Time and manner of making
election under paragraph (i)(1) of this
section—(1) In general. The election
provided in paragraph (i)(1) of this

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Federal Register / Vol. 72, No. 40 / Thursday, March 1, 2007 / Rules and Regulations
section is made separately by each
person acquiring replacement MACRS
property. The election is made for each
member of a consolidated group by the
common parent of the group, by the
partnership (and not by the partners
separately) in the case of a partnership,
or by the S corporation (and not by the
shareholders separately) in the case of
an S corporation. A separate election
under paragraph (i)(1) of this section is
required for each like-kind exchange or
involuntary conversion. The election
provided in paragraph (i)(1) of this
section must be made within the time
and manner provided in paragraph (j)(2)
and (3) of this section and may not be
made by the taxpayer in any other
manner (for example, the election
cannot be made through a request under
section 446(e) to change the taxpayer’s
method of accounting), except as
provided in paragraph (k)(2) of this
section.
(2) Time for making election. The
election provided in paragraph (i)(1) of
this section must be made by the due
date (including extensions) of the
taxpayer’s Federal tax return for the year
of replacement.
(3) Manner of making election. The
election provided in paragraph (i)(1) of
this section is made in the manner
provided for on Form 4562,
Depreciation and Amortization, and its
instructions. If Form 4562 is revised or
renumbered, any reference in this
section to that form is treated as a
reference to the revised or renumbered
form.
(4) Revocation. The election provided
in paragraph (i)(1) of this section, once
made, may be revoked only with the
consent of the Commissioner of Internal
Revenue. Such consent will be granted
only in extraordinary circumstances.
Requests for consent are requests for a
letter ruling and must be filed with the
Commissioner of Internal Revenue,
Washington, DC 20224. Requests for
consent may not be made in any other
manner (for example, through a request
under section 446(e) to change the
taxpayer’s method of accounting).
(k) Effective date—(1) In general.
Except as provided in paragraph (k)(3)
of this section, this section applies to a
like-kind exchange or an involuntary
conversion of MACRS property for
which the time of disposition and the
time of replacement both occur after
February 27, 2004.
(2) Application to pre-effective date
like-kind exchanges and involuntary
conversions. For a like-kind exchange or
an involuntary conversion of MACRS
property for which the time of
disposition, the time of replacement, or

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both occur on or before February 27,
2004, a taxpayer may—
(i) Apply the provisions of this
section. If a taxpayer’s applicable
Federal tax return has been filed on or
before February 27, 2004, and the
taxpayer has treated the replacement
MACRS property as acquired, and the
relinquished MACRS property as
disposed of, in a like-kind exchange or
an involuntary conversion, the taxpayer
changes its method of accounting for
depreciation of the replacement MACRS
property and relinquished MACRS
property in accordance with this
paragraph (k)(2)(i) by following the
applicable administrative procedures
issued under § 1.446–1(e)(3)(ii) for
obtaining the Commissioner’s automatic
consent to a change in method of
accounting (for further guidance, see
Rev. Proc. 2002–9 (2002–1 CB 327) and
§ 601.601(d)(2)(ii)(b) of this chapter); or
(ii) Rely on prior guidance issued by
the Internal Revenue Service for
determining the depreciation
deductions of replacement MACRS
property and relinquished MACRS
property (for further guidance, for
example, see Notice 2000–4 (2001–1 CB
313) and § 601.601(d)(2)(ii)(b) of this
chapter). In relying on such guidance, a
taxpayer may use any reasonable,
consistent method of determining
depreciation in the year of disposition
and the year of replacement. If a
taxpayer’s applicable Federal tax return
has been filed on or before February 27,
2004, and the taxpayer has treated the
replacement MACRS property as
acquired, and the relinquished MACRS
property as disposed of, in a like-kind
exchange or an involuntary conversion,
the taxpayer changes its method of
accounting for depreciation of the
replacement MACRS property and
relinquished MACRS property in
accordance with this paragraph (k)(2)(ii)
by following the applicable
administrative procedures issued under
§ 1.446–1(e)(3)(ii) for obtaining the
Commissioner’s automatic consent to a
change in method of accounting (for
further guidance, see Rev. Proc. 2002–9
(2002–1 CB 327) and
§ 601.601(d)(2)(ii)(b) of this chapter).
(3) Like-kind exchanges and
involuntary conversions where the
taxpayer made the election under
section 168(f)(1) for the relinquished
property— (i) In general. If the tangible
depreciable property acquired by a
taxpayer in a like-kind exchange or
involuntary conversion (the
replacement property) replaces tangible
depreciable property for which the
taxpayer made a valid election under
section 168(f)(1) to exclude it from the
application of MACRS (the relinquished

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property), paragraph (i)(2) of this section
applies to such relinquished property
and replacement property for which the
time of disposition and the time of
replacement (both as determined under
paragraph (i)(2) of this section) both
occur after February 26, 2007.
(ii) Application of paragraph (i)(2) of
this section to pre-February 26, 2007
like-kind exchanges and involuntary
conversions. If the tangible depreciable
property acquired by a taxpayer in a
like-kind exchange or involuntary
conversion (the replacement property)
replaces tangible depreciable property
for which the taxpayer made a valid
election under section 168(f)(1) to
exclude it from the application of
MACRS (the relinquished property), the
taxpayer may apply paragraph (i)(2) of
this section to the relinquished property
and the replacement property for which
the time of disposition, the time of
replacement (both as determined under
paragraph (i)(2) of this section), or both
occur on or before February 26, 2007. If
the taxpayer wants to apply paragraph
(i)(2) of this section and the taxpayer’s
applicable Federal tax return has been
filed on or before February 26, 2007, the
taxpayer must change its method of
accounting for depreciation of the
replacement property and relinquished
property in accordance with this
paragraph (k)(3)(ii) by following the
applicable administrative procedures
issued under § 1.446–1(e)(3)(ii) for
obtaining the Commissioner’s automatic
consent to a change in method of
accounting (for further guidance, see
Rev. Proc. 2002–9 (2002–1 CB 327) and
§ 601.601(d)(2)(ii)(b) of this chapter).
§ 1.168(i)–6T

[Removed]

Par. 13. Section 1.168(i)–6T is
removed.
■ Par. 14. Section 1.168(k)–1 is
amended as follows:
■ 1. The second and third sentences in
paragraph (f)(5)(v)(B) are revised.
■ 2. The last sentences in Example 1(i),
Example 3(i), Example 4(i), and
Example 5(i) in paragraph (f)(5)(vi) are
revised.
■ 3. Paragraph (g)(3)(ii) is revised.
The revisions read as follows:
■

§ 1.168(k)–1 Additional first year
depreciation.

*

*
*
*
*
(f) * * *
(5) * * *
(v) * * *
(B) * * * However, at the time of
disposition of the involuntarily
converted MACRS property, the
taxpayer determines the exchanged
basis (as defined in § 1.168(i)–6(b)(7))
and the excess basis (as defined in

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§ 1.168(i)–6(b)(8)) of the acquired
MACRS property and begins to
depreciate the depreciable exchanged
basis (as defined in § 1.168(i)–6(b)(9) of
the acquired MACRS property in
accordance with § 1.168(i)–6(c). The
depreciable excess basis (as defined in
§ 1.168(i)–6(b)(10)) of the acquired
MACRS property continues to be
depreciated by the taxpayer in
accordance with the first sentence of
this paragraph (f)(5)(v)(B).
*
*
*
*
*
(vi) * * *
Example 1. (i) * * * Pursuant to paragraph
(g)(3)(ii) of this section and § 1.168(i)–
6(k)(2)(i), EE decided to apply § 1.168(i)–6 to
the involuntary conversion of Canopy V1
with the replacement of Canopy W1, the
acquired MACRS property.

*

*

*

*

*

Example 3. (i) * * * Pursuant to paragraph
(g)(3)(ii) of this section and § 1.168(i)–
6(k)(2)(i), FF decided to apply § 1.168(i)–6 to
the exchange of Computer X2 for Computer
Y2, the acquired MACRS property.

*

*

*

*

*

Example 4. (i) * * * Pursuant to
paragraph (g)(3)(ii) of this section and
§ 1.168(i)–6(k)(2)(i), GG decided to apply
§ 1.168(i)–6 to the exchange of Equipment X3
for Equipment Y3, the acquired MACRS
property.

*

*

*

*

*

Example 5. (i) * * * Pursuant to paragraph
(g)(3)(ii) of this section and § 1.168(i)–
6(k)(2)(i), GG decided to apply § 1.168(i)–6 to
the exchange of Equipment Y3 for Equipment
Z1, the acquired MACRS property.

rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with RULES

*

*
*
*
*
(g) * * *
(3) * * *
(ii) Paragraphs (f)(5)(ii)(F)(2) and
(f)(5)(v) of this section apply to a likekind exchange or an involuntary
conversion of MACRS property and
computer software for which the time of
disposition and the time of replacement
both occur after February 27, 2004. For
a like-kind exchange or an involuntary
conversion of MACRS property for
which the time of disposition, the time
of replacement, or both occur on or
before February 27, 2004, see § 1.168(i)–
6(k)(2)(ii). For a like-kind exchange or
involuntary conversion of computer
software for which the time of
disposition, the time of replacement, or
both occur on or before February 27,
2004, a taxpayer may rely on prior
guidance issued by the Internal Revenue
Service for determining the depreciation
deductions of the acquired computer
software and the exchanged or
involuntarily converted computer
software (for further guidance, see
§ 1.168(k)–1T(f)(5) published in the
Federal Register on September 8, 2003
(68 FR 53000)). In relying on such

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guidance, a taxpayer may use any
reasonable, consistent method of
determining depreciation in the year of
disposition and the year of replacement.
*
*
*
*
*
Kevin M. Brown,
Deputy Commissioner for Services and
Enforcement.
Approved: February 23, 2007.
Eric Solomon,
Assistant Secretary of the Treasury (Tax
Policy).
[FR Doc. 07–922 Filed 2–26–07; 3:25 pm]
BILLING CODE 4830–01–P

DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY
Internal Revenue Service
26 CFR Part 1
[TD 9313]
RIN 1545–BG29

Corporate Reorganizations; Additional
Guidance on Distributions Under
Sections 368(a)(1)(D) and 354(b)(1)(B)
Internal Revenue Service (IRS),
Treasury.
ACTION: Temporary regulations.
AGENCY:

SUMMARY: This document contains
temporary regulations amending
§ 1.368–2T(l), which provides guidance
regarding the qualification of certain
transactions as reorganizations
described in section 368(a)(1)(D) where
no stock and/or securities of the
acquiring corporation are issued and
distributed in the transaction. These
regulations clarify that the rules in
§ 1.368–2T(l) are not intended to affect
the qualification of related party
triangular asset acquisitions as
reorganizations described in section
368. These regulations affect
corporations engaging in such
transactions and their shareholders. The
text of the temporary regulations also
serves as the text of the proposed
regulations set forth in the notice of
proposed rulemaking on this subject in
the Proposed Rules section in this issue
of the Federal Register.
DATES: Effective Date: These regulations
are effective on March 1, 2007.
Applicability Date: For dates of
applicability, see § 1.368–2T(l)(4)(i).
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Bruce A. Decker at (202) 622–7550 (not
a toll-free number).
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Background
On December 19, 2006, the IRS and
Treasury Department published

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temporary regulations (TD 9303) under
§ 1.368–2T(l) in the Federal Register (71
FR 75879) providing guidance regarding
the qualification of certain transactions
as reorganizations described in section
368(a)(1)(D) where no stock and/or
securities of the acquiring corporation
are issued and distributed in the
transaction. Under the temporary
regulations, in cases where it is
determined that the same person or
persons own, directly or indirectly, all
of the stock of the transferor and
transferee corporations in identical
proportions, the distribution
requirement under sections 368(a)(1)(D)
and 354(b)(1)(B) will be treated as
satisfied even though no stock is
actually issued in the transaction.
In each case where it is determined
that the same person or persons own all
of the stock of the transferor and
transferee corporations in identical
proportions, a nominal share of stock of
the transferee corporation will be
deemed issued in addition to the actual
consideration exchanged in the
transaction. The nominal share of stock
in the transferee corporation will then
be deemed distributed by the transferor
corporation to its shareholders and, in
appropriate circumstances, further
transferred to the extent necessary to
reflect the actual ownership of the
transferor and transferee corporations.
The IRS and Treasury Department
have become aware that the temporary
regulations may have unintended
consequences regarding related party
triangular asset acquisitions otherwise
qualifying under section 368.
Specifically, the temporary regulations
may cause certain related party asset
acquisitions that would otherwise
qualify as tax-free triangular
reorganizations to be treated as
reorganizations described in section
368(a)(1)(D) with boot.
For example, the temporary
regulations may cause a related party
transaction that would otherwise qualify
as a tax-free reorganization described in
section 368(a)(1)(C) in which
substantially all of the target
corporation’s properties are acquired
solely in exchange for voting stock of
the corporation in control of the
acquiring corporation to also be
described in section 368(a)(1)(D). If so,
section 368(a)(2)(A) would preclude the
transaction from being treated as
described in section 368(a)(1)(C).
Accordingly, the transaction would be
treated as described only in section
368(a)(1)(D), and the voting stock of the
corporation in control of the acquiring
corporation would be treated as boot.
Further, the temporary regulations may
cause a related party transaction that

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