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ELECTRONIC CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS
e-CFR Data is current as of December 3, 2014
Title 44 → Chapter I → Subchapter D → Part 206 → Subpart D → §206.117
Title 44: Emergency Management and Assistance
PART 206—FEDERAL DISASTER ASSISTANCE
Subpart D—Federal Assistance to Individuals and Households
§206.117 Housing assistance.
(a) Definitions. The definitions in this paragraph apply to this section only.
“Caused by the disaster” means as a direct result of a peril identified in the FEDERAL REGISTER
Notice of a Presidentially-declared major disaster or emergency, the component is no longer
functional.
“Real Property Component” or “Component” means each individual part of a dwelling that makes
it habitable, as enumerated in paragraph (b)(2)(ii) of this section.
“Semi-Permanent Housing” means housing designed and constructed with finishes, material, and
systems selected for moderate (or better) energy efficiency, maintenance, and life cycle cost, and with
a life expectancy of more than 5 years but less than 25 years.
(b) Types of housing assistance—(1) Temporary housing assistance—(i) Financial assistance.
Eligible individuals and households may receive financial assistance to rent alternate housing
resources, existing rental units, manufactured housing, recreational vehicles, or other readily
fabricated dwellings. FEMA may also provide assistance for the reasonable cost of any transportation,
utility hookups, or installation of a manufactured housing unit or recreational vehicle to be used for
housing. This includes reimbursement for reasonable short-term lodging expenses that individuals or
households incur in the immediate aftermath of a disaster.
(A) FEMA will include all members of a pre-disaster household in a single registration and will
provide assistance for one temporary housing residence, unless the Regional Administrator or his/her
designee determines that the size or nature of the household requires that we provide assistance for
more than one residence.
(B) FEMA will base the rental assistance on the Department of Housing and Urban Development's
current fair market rates for existing rental units. FEMA will further base the applicable rate on the
household's bedroom requirement and the location of the rental unit.
(C) All utility costs and utility security deposits are the responsibility of the occupant except where
the utility does not meter utility services separately and utility services are a part of the rental charge.
(D) The occupant is responsible for all housing security deposits. In extraordinary circumstances,
the Regional Administrator or his/her designee may authorize the payment of security deposits;
however, the owner or occupant must reimburse the full amount of the security deposit to the Federal
Government before or at the time that the temporary housing assistance ends.

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(ii) Direct assistance. (A) FEMA may provide direct assistance in the form of purchased or leased
temporary housing units directly to individuals or households who lack available housing resources
and would be unable to make use of the assistance provided under paragraph (b)(1)(i) of this section.
(B) FEMA will include all members of a pre-disaster household in a single application and will
provide assistance for one temporary housing residence, unless the Regional Administrator or his/her
designee determines that the size or nature of the household requires that we provide assistance for
more than one residence.
(C) Any site upon which a FEMA-provided housing unit is placed must comply with applicable
State and local codes and ordinances, as well as 44 CFR part 9, Floodplain Management and
Protection of Wetlands, and 44 CFR part 10, Environmental Considerations, and all other applicable
environmental laws and Executive Orders.
(D) All utility costs and utility security deposits are the responsibility of the occupant except where
the utility does not meter utility services separately and utility services are a part of the rental charge.
(E) FEMA-provided or funded housing units may be placed in the following locations:
(1) A commercial site that is complete with utilities; when the Regional Administrator or his/her
designee determines that the upgrading of commercial sites, or installation of utilities on such sites, will
provide more cost-effective, timely and suitable temporary housing than other types of resources, then
Federal assistance may be authorized for such actions.
(2) A private site that an applicant provides, complete with utilities; when the Regional
Administrator or his/her designee determines that the cost of installation or repairs of essential utilities
on private sites will provide more cost effective, timely, and suitable temporary housing than other
types of resources, then Federal assistance may be authorized for such actions.
(3) A group site that the State or local government provides that accommodates two or more units
and is complete with utilities; when the Regional Administrator or his/her designee determines that the
cost of developing a group site provided by the State or local government, to include installation or
repairs of essential utilities on the sites, will provide more cost effective, timely, and suitable temporary
housing than other types of resources, then Federal assistance may be authorized for such actions.
(4) A group site provided by FEMA, if the Regional Administrator or his/her designee determines
that such a site would be more economical or accessible than one that the State or local government
provides.
(F) After the end of the 18-month period of assistance, FEMA may begin to charge up to the fair
market rent rate for each temporary housing unit provided. We will base the rent charged on the
number of bedrooms occupied and needed by the household. When establishing the amount of rent,
FEMA will take into account the financial ability of the household.
(G) We may terminate direct assistance for reasons that include, but are not limited to, the
following:
(1) The period of assistance expired under §206.110(e) and has not been extended;
(2) Adequate alternate housing is available to the occupant(s);
(3) The occupant(s) obtained housing assistance through either misrepresentation or fraud;
(4) The occupant(s) failed to comply with any term of the lease/rental agreement or other rules of
the site where the unit is located.

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(5) The occupant(s) does not provide evidence documenting that they are working towards a
permanent housing plan.
(H) FEMA will provide a 15 day written notice when initiating the termination of direct assistance
that we provide under our lease agreements. This notice will specify the reasons for termination of
assistance and occupancy, the date of termination, the procedure for appealing the determination, and
the occupant's liability for such additional charges as the Regional Administrator or his/her designee
deems appropriate after the termination date, including fair market rent for the unit.
(I) Duplication of benefits may occur when an applicant has additional living expense insurance
benefits to cover the cost of renting alternate housing. In these instances, FEMA may provide a
temporary housing unit if adequate alternate housing is not available, or if doing so is in the best
interest of the household and the government. We will establish fair market rent, not to exceed
insurance benefits available.
(2) Repairs. (i) FEMA may provide financial assistance for the repair of real property components
in an owner's primary residence if:
(A) The eligibility criteria in §206.113 are met;
(B) The component was functional immediately before the declared event;
(C) The component was damaged, and the damage was caused by the disaster;
(D) The damage to the component is not covered by insurance; and
(E) Repair of the component is necessary to ensure the safety or health of the occupant or to
make the residence functional.
(ii) FEMA may provide financial assistance for the repair of:
(A) Structural components of the residence. This includes real property components, such as the
foundation, exterior walls, and roof.
(B) Windows and doors.
(C) The Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning system.
(D) Utility systems. This includes electrical, gas, water and sewage systems.
(E) Interior components. This includes, but is not limited to, the structure's floors, walls, ceilings,
and cabinetry.
(F) The structure's access and egress, including privately owned access roads and privately
owned bridges.
(G) Blocking, leveling, and anchoring of a mobile home, and reconnecting or resetting mobile
home sewer, water, electrical and fuel lines and tanks.
(H) Items or services determined to be eligible hazard mitigation measures that reduce the
likelihood of future damage to the residence, utilities, or infrastructure.
(iii) The components that may be deemed eligible for repair assistance, and the type of repairs
authorized, will vary depending upon the nature of the disaster. Repairs are limited to restoration of the
dwelling to a safe and sanitary living or functioning condition. Repair assistance will only be provided
to the extent that the work makes the component functional. FEMA may provide for the replacement of

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components if repair is not feasible. The repairs of components must be of average quality, size, and
capacity, taking into consideration the needs of the occupant.
(iv) Components that were functional immediately before the declared event may be eligible for
repair assistance if the damage to the component was caused by the disaster and the component is
no longer functional.
(v) Eligible individuals or households may receive up to the maximum amount of assistance (See
§206.110(b) of this part) to repair damages to their primary residence irrespective of other financial
resources, except insurance proceeds.
(vi) The individual or household is responsible for obtaining all local permits or inspections that
applicable State or local building codes may require.
(vii) If the applicant disputes a determination made by FEMA regarding eligibility for repair
assistance, the applicant may appeal that determination pursuant to the procedures in §206.115 of this
part. In addition to the requirements in §206.115, the applicant must provide proof that the component
meets the requirements of paragraph (b)(2)(i) of this section, including that the component was
functional before the declared event and proof that the declared event caused the component to stop
functioning. If the applicant disputes the amount of repair assistance awarded, the applicant must also
provide justification for the amount sought.
(3) Housing replacement. (i) FEMA may provide financial assistance for the replacement of an
owner's primary residence if:
(A) The eligibility criteria in §206.113 of this part are met;
(B) The residence was functional immediately before the disaster;
(C) The residence was destroyed, and the damage was caused by, the disaster;
(D) The damage to the residence is not covered by insurance;
(E) Repair is not feasible, will not ensure the safety or health of the occupant, or will not make the
residence functional; and
(F) Replacement is necessary to ensure the safety or health of the occupant.
(ii) All replacement assistance awards must be approved by the Regional Administrator or his/her
designee. If replacement assistance is granted, the applicant may either use the maximum amount of
assistance (See §206.110(b) of this part) to replace the dwelling in its entirety, or may use the
assistance toward the cost of acquiring a new permanent residence.
(iii) Housing replacement assistance will be based on the verified disaster-related level of damage
to the dwelling, or the statutory maximum (See §206.110(b) of this part), whichever is less.
(iv) If the applicant disputes a determination made by FEMA regarding eligibility for replacement
assistance, the applicant may appeal that determination pursuant to the procedures in §206.115 of this
part. In addition to the requirements in §206.115, the applicant must provide proof that repair is not
feasible, or will not ensure the safety or health of the occupant or make the residence functional. If the
applicant disputes the amount of replacement assistance awarded, the applicant must also provide
justification for the amount sought.
(4) Permanent and semi-permanent housing construction. (i) FEMA may provide financial or direct
assistance to applicants for the purpose of constructing permanent and semi-permanent housing if:
(A) The eligibility criteria in §206.113 of this part are met;

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(B) The residence was functional immediately before the declared event;
(C) The residence was damaged by the event;
(D) The damage to the residence is not covered by insurance;
(E) The residence was an owner-occupied primary residence; and
(F) The residence is located in an insular area outside the continental United States or in another
location where alternative housing resources are not available and the types of financial or direct
temporary housing assistance described in paragraphs (b)(1), (2), and (3) of this section are
unavailable, infeasible, or not cost-effective.
(ii) Permanent and semi-permanent housing construction, in general, must be consistent with
current minimal local building codes and standards where they exist, or minimal acceptable
construction industry standards in the area, including reasonable hazard mitigation measures, and
Federal environmental laws and regulations. Dwellings will be of average quality, size and capacity,
taking into consideration the needs of the occupant.
(iii) If the applicant disputes a determination made by FEMA regarding eligibility for construction
assistance, the applicant may appeal that determination pursuant to the procedures in §206.115 of this
part. In addition to the requirements in §206.115, the applicant must provide proof that the property is
either located in an insular area outside the continental United States, or in a location where
alternative housing resources are not available. The applicant must also provide proof that the types of
financial or direct temporary housing assistance described in paragraph (b)(1) of this section are
unavailable, infeasible, or not cost effective. If the applicant disputes the amount of construction
assistance awarded, the applicant must also provide justification for the amount sought.
[67 FR 61452, Sept. 30, 2002; 67 FR 62896, Oct. 9, 2002, as amended at 78 FR 66856, Nov. 7, 2013]

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