CRCP Question Bank, Core Survey Module and jurisdictional surveys

Socioeconomics of Coral Reef Conservation

NCRMP_Survey_Question_Bank_2014

CRCP Question Bank, Core Survey Module and jurisdictional surveys

OMB: 0648-0646

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Coral Reef Conservation Survey

Coral Reefs Conservation Survey Categories
Question
Number
1-13

Category

Description

Attitude toward /
importance of coral reefs

Importance of coral reef aspects, including willingness to pay for coral reef
protection, and satisfaction with the state of coral reefs over time

14-28

Participation in coral
reef activities

29-35

Perceived threats to coral
reefs

Frequency of participation in coral reef activities, including activities
conducted at the coral reef jurisdiction and how deterioration of coral reef
conditions could affect participation in these activities
Perceived threats in coral reef jurisdiction, including familiarity with common
threats to coral reefs and perception on their potential impact

36-48

Marine Protected Areas

49-66

Resource conditions of
coral reefs

67-73

Coral reef changes since
establishment of MPAs
Knowledge of
rules/regulations

74-81

82-85

Compliance with
rules/regulations

86-100

Coral reef management
processes

101-104

Support for management
processes and regulations

105-109

Sources of information
available

110-119

Coral reef financial reliance

120-138

Demographic questions

Familiarity with Marine Protected areas (MPAs), including perceived
purpose, benefits and impact, and effect on coral reef activities
Perception of the condition of coral reefs over time, and willingness to
accept actions such as limited access, increased restrictions on coral reef
activities (e.g. fishing, boating), more stringent pollution regulation, and
statutes limiting development
Perceived changes since the introduction of MPAs and impact of these
changes on personal use of coral reef areas
Knowledge of applicable regulations and restrictions to coral reef activities in
MPA, and knowledge/perceptions on the effectiveness of traditional or
cultural methods for managing
resources
Perception on level of compliance with regulations related coral reefs (e.g.
by fishers, divers, local population, tourists), perception of enforcement
levels, and rationale to follow
coral reef regulations
Level of support towards environmental causes, including donations,
volunteering activities, and involvement in activities related to the
management of coral reefs. Perceptions on the success of coral reef
strategies and regulations and the roles of the Federal, local government,
and local communities to protect coral reefs
Perception on the success of different actors and regulation to address
problems in coral reef areas. Level of support towards specific regulations
and measures aimed to protecting coral reefs.
Identification of most relevant sources of information about coral reefs (e.g.
newspapers, radio, brochures, NOAA publications, etc.), and level of trust in
information sources
Reliability of coral reefs as a personal source of food or income, including
involvement on commercial fishing activities and their impact on personal
income
Generic demographic information to facilitate the categorization and
analysis of the responses. Information includes family members, age, gender,
education, occupation, household income, place of residence, race,
languages, religious affiliation, and membership in community groups

Coral Reef Conservation Survey

CATEGORY 1: Attitude Toward/Importance of Coral Reefs

The reef is not too far from my access point
The reef is near a breakwater
Getting to reefs is safe
Reefs are large
The reef is in deep water
The reef is in shallow water
Reefs are of good quality
Large amount of live coral at the reefs
Low amount of algae cover at the reef
Clear water is readily available (i.e., high visibility)
Low level of pollution near the reefs
Fish are abundant at the reefs
Reef has a variety of types of fish (i.e., diversity)
Reef has a variety of sizes of fish
Invertebrates (e.g., lobster, conchs, sea cucumbers) are
abundant
Reef has a variety of invertebrates
Other sea life (e.g., manatees, whales, dolphins, sea turtles) is
abundant
That reefs are in designated protected area
It is safe to swim near reef
The reef is not too overcrowded with people
No boating restrictions at the reef
Stringent fishing regulations at the reef
Environmental protection of coral reefs

Not Sure

Very Important

Important

Neither Important nor
Unimportant

Unimportant

How important are the following aspects of coral reefs?
Very Unimportant

Neither Important nor
Unimportant

Unimportant

Very Unimportant

Coral Reef Conservation Survey

Environmental protection of mangroves
Environmental protection of seagrasses
Protection of endangered species
Other, not mentioned, specify:

Q2. To what degree would you be willing to do to each of the following in order
to protect and maintain the coral reefs in ?
Would
Not Do

Would
Consider

Would
Do

Not
Sure

Pay more to participate in reef related activities like
snorkeling and diving
Donate money or items (e.g. used boat, computer) to an
organization working to protect the reef
Pay higher local taxes
Pay higher state taxes
Pay higher federal taxes
Volunteer with an organization once a year that is working to
protect the reefs (e.g. participate in coastal clean up)
Volunteer with an organization more than once a year that is
working to protect the reefs

Q3.

Would you be willing to donate money in order to protect the reefs?
1. Yes
2. No

Q4. How much money would you be willing to donate at least once in order to
protect the reefs?
1. Nothing
2. Less than $50
3. $50 – $100
3

Coral Reef Conservation Survey
4. $101 - $250
5. $251 - $500
6. More than $500
7. Not sure

Q5.

How often would you be willing to donate in order to protect the reefs?
1. Once
2. Once a year
3. More than once a year

Q6. How much money would you be willing to donate annually in order to
protect the reefs?
1. Nothing
2. Less than $50
3. $50 – $100
4. $101 - $250
5. $251 - $500
6. More than $500
7. Not sure

Coral reefs are important for protecting the coast from
erosion and natural disasters.
Coral reefs are critical components of our natural
ecosystem
Mangroves are not important for protecting the coast from
erosion.
Coral reefs are only important if you fish or dive.
We should restrict fishing in certain areas to allow the fish
and coral to grow.
We should restrict development in certain areas to protect

Q7. Please rate the extent to which you agree/disagree with each of the
following statements.

the natural environment.
Establishing size restrictions to regulate fishing is a good
management practice.
There are no problems with water quality at coral reefs.
Diving and snorkeling are not harmful to coral reefs.
Mooring buoys that reduce the use of anchors have a
positive effect on the marine environment.
Coral reefs provide coastal protection from storm surge
associated with tropical hurricanes and typhoons.
Large coral reef barrier systems can help reduce the impacts
of tsunamis.
Coral reefs cannot be restored once damage occurs
Coral reefs provide sustainable resources that support the
development of coastal communities
Sediment runoff from land activities such as construction
and development can harm coral reefs
Pesticides and herbicides used in commercial and
residential activities can be carried by runoff and affect
coral reefs
Coral reefs have an important role in our culture
Effects from climate change can severely affect coral reefs
Pathogens, like some type of fungus, can affect the health
of coral reefs
Eliminating some species, like sea urchins, can affect the
ecological dynamics of coral reefs
Oil spills can affect or destroy coral reefs
Grounding of ships on coral reef can cause long term
damage
Offshore aquaculture farms located in coral reefs are
harmful to the coral reefs
Coral reefs can be a source of new substances that may be
used to develop new medicines

Coral Reef Conservation Survey

Clear water (high visibility)
Quality of the reef
Abundance of fish at the reef
Types of fish at the reef (i.e., diversity)
Size of fish at the reef
Amount of live coral at the reef
Size of the reef
Abundance of other sea life (e.g., manatees, whales,
dolphins, sea turtles, invertebrates)
Whether the reef is a specially protected area
Amount of algae cover on the reef
Difficulty of the conditions for participating in recreational
activities on the coral reef
Distance from my shore access point to the reef
Ease of getting to the reef
Adequacy of my boat to get to the reef
Mooring buoys near coral reefs
Level of crowding at the reef
Seasonal or rotational closures at desirable reef locations
Restrictions on fishing
Presence of other groups that I don’t like
Amount of pollution near the reef
Safety of swimming near reef
Fish catch per trip to reef
Whether or not a particular commercial charter boat goes to
the reef
Ease of finding a charter/ company to go to the reef

Not Sure

Very Important

Important

Neither Important
nor Unimportant

Unimportant

Very Unimportant

Q8. Please indicate how important each of the following factors is in terms of
deciding whether or not you would choose to visit a specific coral reef.

Cost to get to the reef
Opportunities to participate in coral reef activities at the reef
The information available about the reef
Availability of protected calm waters
Availability of shore-side support facilities (e.g. dive shops,
piers, hospitals, recompression chambers)
Absence of dangerous animals (e.g., sharks, jellyfishes)
Water at the reef is deep
Occurrence of unusual features (e.g., underwater caves, ship
wrecks)
Opportunities to do other aquatic activities (e.g. surfing)
Other: Please list

Not Sure

Very Important

Important

Neither Important
nor Unimportant

Unimportant

Very Unimportant

Coral Reef Conservation Survey

Clear water (high visibility)
Quality of the reef
Abundance of fish at the reef
Types of fish at the reef (i.e., diversity)
Size of fish at the reef
Amount of live coral at the reef
Size of the reef
Abundance of other sea life (e.g., manatees, whales,
dolphins, sea turtles, invertebrates)
Whether the reef is a specially protected area
Amount of algae cover on the reef
Difficulty of the conditions for participating in recreational
activities on the coral reef
Distance from my shore access point to the reef
Ease of getting to the reef
Adequacy of my boat to get to the reef
Mooring buoys near coral reefs
Level of crowding at the reef
Seasonal closures at desirable reef locations
Presence of other groups that I don’t like
Amount of pollution near the reef
Safety of swimming near reef
Fish catch per trip to reef
Whether or not a particular commercial charter boat goes to
the reef
Ease of finding a charter/ company to go to the reef
Cost to get to the reef

Not Sure

Very Satisfied

Satisfied

Neither Satisfied nor
Unsatisfied

Unsatisfied

How satisfied were you with the each of the following items on your last trip
to ?
Very Unsatisfied

Q9.

Opportunities to participate in coral reef activities at the reef
The information available about the reef
Availability of protected calm waters
Availability of shore-side support facilities (e.g. dive shops,
piers, hospitals, recompression chambers)
Absence of dangerous animals (e.g., sharks, jellyfishes)
Water at the reef is deep
Occurrence of unusual features (e.g., underwater caves, ship
wrecks, overhangs, walls)
Opportunities to do other aquatic activities (e.g. surfing,
windsurfing)
Other: Please list

Not Sure

Very Satisfied

Satisfied

Neither Satisfied nor
Unsatisfied

Unsatisfied

Very Unsatisfied

Coral Reef Conservation Survey

Coral Reef Conservation Survey
Q10. Where was your last trip to ? [Open Ended]

Clear water (high visibility)
Quality of the reef
Abundance of fish at the reef
Types of fish at the reef (i.e., diversity)
Size of fish at the reef
Amount of live coral at the reef
Size of the reef
Abundance of other sea life (e.g., manatees, whales,
dolphins, sea turtles)
Whether the reef is a specially protected area
Amount of algae cover on the reef
Difficulty of the conditions for participating in
recreational activities on the coral reef
Distance from my shore access point to the reef
Ease of getting to the reef
Adequacy of my boat to get to the reef
Mooring buoys near coral reefs
Level of crowding at the reef
Seasonal closures at desirable reef locations
Presence of other groups that I don’t like
Amount of pollution near the reef
Safety of swimming near reef
Fish catch per trip to reef
Whether or not a particular commercial charter boat

Not Sure

Very Satisfied

Satisfied

Neither Satisfied nor
Unsatisfied

Unsatisfied

Very Unsatisfied

This was my First
Trip

Q11. In thinking about a trip to that same reef <# of years> years ago, how
satisfied were you then with the same items.

goes to the reef
Ease of finding a charter/ company to go to the reef
Cost to get to the reef
Opportunities to participate in coral reef activities at
the reef
The information available about the reef
Availability of protected calm waters
Availability of shore-side support facilities (e.g. dive
shops, piers, decompression chambers)
Absence of dangerous animals (e.g., shark, jellyfishes)
Water at the reef is deep
Occurrence of unusual features (e.g., underwater
caves, ship wrecks)
Opportunities to do other aquatic activities (e.g.
surfing)
Other: Please list

Q12. How important are coral reefs to your culture?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Very Unimportant
Unimportant
Neither Important nor Unimportant
Important
Very Important
Not Sure

Q12a. Please explain [Open Ended]

Q13. How important are coral reefs to your way of life?
1. Very Unimportant
2. Unimportant
11

Not Sure

Very Satisfied

Satisfied

Neither Satisfied nor
Unsatisfied

Unsatisfied

Very Unsatisfied

This was my First
Trip

Coral Reef Conservation Survey

Coral Reef Conservation Survey
3.
4.
5.
6.

Neither Important nor Unimportant
Important
Very Important
Not Sure

Coral Reef Conservation Survey

CATEGORY 2: Participation in Coral Reef Activities

Invertebrate harvesting
Harvesting of mangrove resources
Coral harvesting
Seaweed harvesting
Spear fishing
Fish collecting
Sport fishing
Cast net-fishing
Gillnet, surround net and drag netfishing
Trap fishing
Pole/line fishing
Other kind of fishing: Please list
Interacting w dolphins
Swimming/wading
Snorkeling
Outrigging
Paddling
Beach sports
Diving (SCUBA)
Boarding (surfing, kitesurfing, SUP,
body-surfing, body-boarding)
Jet-ski/thrill-craft
Water sports/water skiing/wake
boarding
Pleasure boating
Sailing
Kayaking
Canoe/wa‘a
Glass bottom boating
Underwater photography
Waterside camping
Beach recreation, BBQ, picnic

At Least Once a
Month

A Few Times a
Year

Once a Year or
Less

Never

Q14. How often do you participate in each of the following activities?

At Least Once a
Month

A Few Times a
Year

Once a Year or
Less

Never

Coral Reef Conservation Survey

Walking/Hiking/Running around the
reef
Collecting herbal medicines
Bird watching
Beach clean up
Hunting
Mountain biking
Other activities: Please list

Q15. Which of the following activities did you participate in at ?
(Please check all you have done)
1. Invertebrate harvesting
2. Harvesting of mangrove resources
3. Spear fishing
4. Fish collecting
5. Sport fishing
6. Net-fishing
7. Trap fishing
8. Other kind of fishing: Please list
9. Sand/coral extraction
10. Interacting w dolphins
11. Swimming/wading
12. Snorkeling
13. Diving (SCUBA)
14. Boarding (surfing, kitesurfing, SUP,
body-surfing, body-boarding)
15. Jet-ski/thrill-craft

17. Pleasure boating
18. Sailing
19. Kayaking
20. Canoe/wa‘a
21. Glass bottom boating
22. Underwater photography
23. Waterside camping
24. Beach recreation, BBQ, picnic
25. Walking/Hiking/Running
26. Collecting Herbal Medicines
27. Bird watching
28. Beach Clean up
29. Hunting
30. Seaweed harvesting
31. Other activities: Please list.
32. None

16. Water sports/water skiing

Coral Reef Conservation Survey
Q16. To what extent do you do these activities on natural and/or artificial reefs?
1. Always on natural reefs
2. Mostly natural reefs, but some on artificial reefs
3. Varies between both natural and artificial reefs
4. Mostly on artificial reefs, but some on natural reefs
5. Always on artificial reefs
6. Not sure

Q17. How many other people participated in with you? ____#
Q18. In which of the coral reefs in the area did you do these activities?
List reef options for the specific location
Q19. Which coral reefs do you visit most often to participate in each of activities
selected? List reef options for the specific location
Q20. Please select which (if any) activity was the main reason for your visit to
. (Please select no more than 2).
1. Invertebrate harvesting

17. Pleasure Boating
18. Sailing
19. Kayaking
20. Canoe/wa‘a
21. Glass bottom boating
22. Underwater photography
23. Waterside camping
24. Beach recreation, BBQ, picnic
25. Walking/Hiking/Running
26. Collecting Herbal Medicines
27. Bird watching
28. Beach Clean up
29. Hunting
30. Seaweed harvesting
31. Other activities: Please list.
32. None

2. Harvesting of Mangrove resources
3. Spear fishing
4. Fish collecting
5. Sport fishing
6. Net-fishing
7. Trap fishing
8. Other kind of fishing: Please list
9. Sand/coral extraction
10. Interacting w dolphins
11. Swimming/wading
12. Snorkeling
13. Diving (SCUBA)
14. Boarding (surfing, kitesurfing, SUP,
body-surfing, body-boarding)
15. Jet-ski/thrill-craft
16. Water sports/water skiing

Coral Reef Conservation Survey
Q21. To what extent do you think your coral reef related activities affect the coral
reefs?
1. No impact on the reefs
2. Significantly helps the reefs
3. Helps the reef somewhat
4. Both helps and hurts the reefs
5. Hurts the reef somewhat
6. Significantly hurts the reefs
7. Not sure

Q22. Please explain why you think your activities help/hurt the coral reefs? [Open
Ended]
Q23. How do you participate in ?
1. Use my own boat and equipment (or that of a member of my group)

2. Rent a boat that my group uses, but use our own equipment
3. Rent a boat and equipment that my group uses
4. Use a service that provides transportation and all equipment for the activity
5. Other: Please list
6. I do not participate in any activities that require a boat
7. Not Sure

Clear water (high visibility)
Quality of the reef
Abundance of fish at the reef
Types of fish at the reef (i.e., diversity)

Not Sure

Very Important

Important

Neither Important
nor Unimportant

Unimportant

Very Unimportant

Q24. Please indicate how important each of the following factors is in terms of
deciding where you would like to participate in coral reef related activities at
.

Size of fish at the reef
Amount of live coral at the reef
Size of the reef
Abundance of other sea life (e.g., manatees, whales,
dolphins, sea turtles)
Whether the reef is a specially protected area
Amount of algae cover on the reef
Difficulty of the conditions for participating in recreational
activities on the coral reef
Distance from my shore access point to the reef
Ease of getting to the reef
Adequacy of my boat to get to the reef
Mooring buoys near coral reefs
Level of crowding at the reef
Seasonal closures at desirable reef locations
Presence of other groups that I don’t like
Amount of pollution near the reef
Safety of swimming near reef
Fish catch per trip to reef
Whether or not a particular commercial charter boat goes to
the reef
Ease of finding a charter/ company to go to the reef
Cost to get to the reef
Opportunities to participate in coral reef activities at the reef
The information available about the reef
Availability of protected calm waters
Availability of shore-side support facilities (e.g. dive shops,
piers, recompression chambers)
Absence of dangerous animals (e.g., sharks, jellyfishes)

Not Sure

Very Important

Important

Neither Important
nor Unimportant

Unimportant

Very Unimportant

Coral Reef Conservation Survey

Not Sure

Very Important

Important

Neither Important
nor Unimportant

Unimportant

Very Unimportant

Coral Reef Conservation Survey

Water at the reef is deep
Occurrence of unusual features (e.g., underwater caves, ship
wrecks)
Opportunities to do other aquatic activities (e.g. surfing)
Other: Please list

Clear water (high visibility)
Quality of the reefs
Abundance of fish at the reefs
Types of fish at the reefs (i.e., diversity)
Size of fish at the reefs
Amount of live coral at the reefs
Size of the reefs
Abundance of other sea life (manatees, whales, dolphins,
sea turtles, etc.)
Whether reefs are in specially protected area
Difficulty of the conditions on coral reef
Distance to coral reefs
Mooring buoys near coral reefs
Level of crowding
Area closures at desirable reef locations
Presence of other groups that I don’t like
Amount of pollution near the reefs
Safety of swimming near reefs

Not Sure

Very Important

Important

Neither
Important nor
Unimportant

Unimportant

Very
Unimportant

Q25. Please indicate how important each of the following factors is in terms of
deciding whether or not you would choose to do coral reef related activities at a
reef other than the one you visit most often.

Not Sure

Very Important

Important

Neither
Important nor
Unimportant

Unimportant

Very
Unimportant

Coral Reef Conservation Survey

Fish catch per trip to reefs
Whether or not a particular outfit goes to the reef
Ease of finding a charter/ company to go to the reefs
Cost to get to the reefs
Quality of the beaches
Availability of parking
Presence of active conservation/management
Presence of surfing contests
Maps, brochures and other tourist information
Customer service and friendliness of people
Value for the price
Safety of the location/Amount of crime
Ease of getting to location
Number of activities to do at the locations
Quality of accommodations
Ease of finding a company that provides the activity
Price companies charge to do the activity
Level of crowding at the reefs
Other: Please list

Q26. Assuming each of the following conditions, how would that affect the
amount of time you would spend on outdoor recreation activities in
during a 12-month period?
Same Amount
of Time

Slightly
Less Often

Less living coral cover than it
currently has
Very little living coral cover
No living coral cover

Coral Reef Conservation Survey
Q27. How would the disappearance of live coral cover in affect the
amount of time you would spend on outdoor recreation activities outside
?
1. No change in the amount of time I spend in

2. I would visit other locations slightly more often
3. I would visit other locations about half the time
4. I would visit other locations much more often
5. I would visit other locations almost exclusively (and would rarely if ever return to
[location])
6. Not Sure

Q28. How many times have you participated in a coral reef related activity in
[location] in the last 12 months, that is, since (date last year)?
1. None
2. 1
3. 2
4. 3-5
5. 6-8
6. 8-12
7. More than 12
8. No Response

Coral Reef Conservation Survey

CATEGORY 3: Perceived threats to coral reefs
Q29. To what degree do you think any problems or threats exist to the coral
reefs in ?
1. None

2. Minimal
3. Moderate
4. Large
5. Extreme
6. Not sure

Q30. What do you see as the greatest threats to the reefs in ? [Open
Ended]

Climate change
Coral bleaching
Ocean acidification
Sand Extraction/Mining
Erosion
Increased coastal/urban development
Stormwater and wastewater runoff
Chemical runoff (pesticides, herbicides, fertilizers,
detergents, phosphates)
Dredging
Taking coral or live rock from beaches
Taking coral or live rock from the sea
Coral bashing (damaging the reef)
Trash/littering
Marine pollution (e.g. sewage/ dumping/ trash/
sedimentation)
Poor water quality

Not Sure

Very Familiar

Familiar

Neither Familiar
nor Unfamiliar

Unfamiliar

Very Unfamiliar

Q31. How familiar are you with each of the following potential threats facing
the coral reefs in ?

Coral Reef Conservation Survey
Cruise ship traffic
Ships and boats grounding on reefs
Scuba divers
Irresponsible diving
Too many divers
Number of tourists
Overuse for recreation
Illegal fishing
Illegal harvesting
Harmful Fishing practices
Overfishing
Other illegal activities
Invasive species, e.g. lion fish
Introduced species
Increasing Population size
Hurricanes
Natural disasters
Other: Please list

Climate change
Coral bleaching
Ocean acidification
Sand Extraction/Mining
Erosion
Increased coastal/urban development
Stormwater and wastewater runoff
Chemical runoff (pesticides, herbicides, fertilizers)
Sedimentation
Dredging
Taking coral and live rock from beaches
Taking coral and live rock from the sea
Coral bashing
Trash/littering
Pollution (e.g. sewage/ dumping/ trash/

Not Sure

Very
Important

Important

Neither
Important nor
Unimportant

Unimportant

Very
Unimportant

Q32. How important do you consider the following potential threats facing the
coral reefs in ?

Coral Reef Conservation Survey
sedimentation)
Poor water quality
Cruise ship traffic
Ships and boats grounding on reefs
Scuba divers
Irresponsible diving
Too many divers
Too many divers
Number of tourists
Overuse for recreation
Illegal fishing
Illegal harvesting
Harmful Fishing practices
Overfishing
Other illegal activities
Invasive species, e.g. lion fish, Roi, Taape, etc.
Introduced species
Increasing Population size
Hurricanes
Other natural disaster
Other: Please list

Q33. Of the following list, what do you think are the greatest threats to the
reefs in ? (Please check up to 4)
1. Climate change

12. Taking coral and live rock from
the sea
13. Coral bashing
14. Trash/littering
15. Pollution (e.g. sewage/
dumping/ trash/ sedimentation)
16. Poor water quality
17. Cruise ship traffic
18. Ships and boats grounding on
reefs
19. Scuba divers
20. Irresponsible diving
21. Too many divers
22. Number of tourists
23. Overuse for recreation

2. Coral bleaching
3. Ocean acidification
4. Sand Extraction/Mining
5. Erosion
6. Increased coastal/urban
development
7. Stormwater and wastewater
runoff
8. Chemical runoff (pesticides,
herbicides, fertilizers)
9. Sedimentation
10. Dredging
11. Taking coral and live rock from
beaches
23

Coral Reef Conservation Survey
24. Illegal fishing
25. Illegal harvesting
26. Harmful Fishing practices
27. Destructive fishing
28. Overfishing
29. Spear fishing
30. Other illegal activities
31. Invasive species, e.g. lion fish
32. Introduced species
33. Increasing Population size
34. Hurricanes
35. Other Natural Disasters
36. Other: Please list
37. Not sure

Coral Reef Conservation Survey
Q34. How familiar are you with coral bleaching?
1. Very Unfamiliar
2. Unfamiliar
3. Neither Familiar nor Unfamiliar
4. Familiar
5. Very Familiar
6. Not Sure

Q35. In your opinion, what is the primary cause of coral bleaching? Ask only if they
are at least moderately familiar with coral bleaching (per Q36)
1. Local factors exclusively
2. Non-local factors such as climate change, exclusively
3. Non-local factors aggravated by local factors
4. Local factors aggravated by non-local factors
5. I don’t know

Coral Reef Conservation Survey

CATEGORY 4: Marine Protected Areas
Q36. How familiar are you with Marine Protected Areas (MPAs)? A Marine
Protected Area is a an area whose boundaries include some area of ocean and
typically restricts human activity for the purpose of protecting living, non-living,
cultural, and/or historic resources.
1. Very Unfamiliar
2. Unfamiliar
3. Neither Familiar nor Unfamiliar
4. Familiar
5. Very Familiar
6. Not Sure

MPA is closed to all human activities
MPA exists for conservation
MPA exists for cultural use
MPA exists for subsistence use
MPA allows specific recreation and commercial uses
MPA encompasses a variety of conservation and management methods
MPA enables research and education on coral reefs and the environment
MPA restricts fishing practices within its boundaries
MPA has routine closings
MPA has boating restrictions
MPA restricts the use of the coral reef for certain recreational activities

Q38. Which of the following are considered Marine Protected Areas (MPA)?
(please check all that apply)
1. Marine Sanctuary
2. National Monument
3. Marine Reserve
4. Commercial Port
5. National Park
6. None
7. Not Sure
26

False

True

Q37. Please indicate which each of the following statements are true for
MPA.

Coral Reef Conservation Survey

Q39. Which of the following do you believe represents the primary purpose(s) of
MPAs? (Please check all that apply)
1. Increasing overall fish stocks and biomass within the zones

2. Increasing overall fish stocks and biomass outside the zones
3. Conserving and protecting corals, fish, and other marine life inside the zones
4. Resolving user group conflicts
5. Supporting scientific research
6. Food security
7. Protecting a sacred place
8. Cultural heritage
9. Educating the public
10. Recreational use
11. Building resiliency for future natural disasters,
12. Shoreline protection
13. Other: Please list

Q40. How knowledgeable are you with the rules and regulations governing
[name] MPA?
1. Not at all knowledgeable
2. Somewhat knowledgeable
3. Moderately knowledgeable
4. Knowledgeable
5. Extremely knowledgeable
6. Not Sure

Q41. How has MPA impacted your livelihood?
1. Very positive impact

2. Somewhat positive impact
3. Both positive and negative impacts
4. Somewhat negative impact
5. Very negative impact
6. No impact
7. Not sure

Coral Reef Conservation Survey
Q42. How have MPAs impacted the livelihoods of people from your community
that you are aware of?
1. Very positive impact

2. Somewhat positive impact
3. Both positive and negative impacts
4. Somewhat negative impact
5. Very negative impact
6. No impact
7. Not sure

Q43. In your opinion, which groups have most benefited from MPAs?
(Please select no more than 3)
1. Commercial fishers

2. Local subsistence fishers
3. Recreational/sport fishers
4. Commercial fish and dive operators
5. Local dive operators
6. Recreational (local and tourist) divers
7. Conservation groups
8. Local communities
9. Local government
10. Other: Please list

MPAs protect the ocean environments
MPAs protect coral reefs
MPAs improve the environment
MPAs have been effective in restoring coral reefs
in
There should be more MPAs zones in
MPAs increase the number of fish within their

Not Sure

Strongly
Agree

Agree

Neither
Agree nor
Disagree

Disagree

Strongly
Disagree

Q44. Please indicate the extent to which you agree or disagree with each of the
following statements.

boundaries
MPAs increase the number of fish outside of their
boundaries
MPAs have reduced conflicts between different
user groups in
MPAs have increased conflicts between different
user groups in
I support the establishment of MPAs as they are
currently established
I support the establishment of MPAs in
I generally support the establishment of MPAs
I support the establishment of a research only
area in
A research only area in the MPA would
have a positive impact on the marine environment
Research only areas protect and improve coral
reefs
I support boundary expansion of the MPA
Boundary expansion of the MPA would
have a positive impact on the marine environment
has benefited environmentally from
establishment of the MPA
There has been a net economic benefit to the
coastal economy from the
establishment of the MPA
There should be more than one reef location set
aside as a research only area in the MPA
Commercial fisheries have benefited from the
establishment of the MPA
Local fisherman have benefited from the
establishment of the MPA
Recreational/sport fisherman have benefited from
the establishment of the MPA
MPA regulations have had no effect on
my business
The establishment of MPAs in will
increase the likelihood that I will vacation there
I have visited because of the
establishment of MPAs
MPAs help increase tourism

Not Sure

Strongly
Agree

Agree

Neither
Agree nor
Disagree

Disagree

Strongly
Disagree

Coral Reef Conservation Survey

Having all the waters surrounding in an
MPA makes the area a more attractive destination
Boating regulations should exist to protect coral
reef systems

Q45. How has the MPA been most successful? (Please check all that
apply)
1. Protecting specific species of concern or of commercial value

2. Protecting the whole coral reef ecosystem
3. Protecting the environment of the entire region, not only the coral reef system
4. Increasing the public environmental awareness
5. Increasing the opportunities to use the resources
6. Increasing tourism
7. Increasing security (i.e., reduction in criminal activity)
8. Increasing scientific research
9. Improving the water quality of the area/reducing contamination
10. Reducing user conflicts
11. Protecting cultural artifacts or traditions
12. Other: Please list
13. None

Q46. Least successful?
1. Protecting specific species of concern or of commercial value

Not Sure

Strongly
Agree

Agree

Neither
Agree nor
Disagree

Disagree

Strongly
Disagree

Coral Reef Conservation Survey

Coral Reef Conservation Survey
11. Protecting cultural artifacts or traditions
12. Other: Please list
13. None

Q47. Has your use of < Name> MPA increased, decreased, or stayed the same since
its establishment?
1. Increased significantly

2. Increased a little
3. Stayed the same
4. Decreased a little
5. Decreased significantly

Q48. Why has your use changed? (Please check all that apply)
1. Doing activities other places by choice

2. New regulations prevent doing former activities
3. Crowding has become a problem
4. Doing the activities less
5. The activities are less enjoyable since the implementation of the regulations
6. Other: Please list
7. Has not changed

Coral Reef Conservation Survey

CATEGORY 5: Resource Conditions of Coral Reefs

Fish on the Reef Flat
Fish on the Reef Slope
Pelagic Fish
Invertebrates on the Reef Flat
Invertebrates on the Reef Slope
Spawning Stocks
Reef Flat Habitat
Reef Slope Habitat
Water Quality
Mangrove Crab
Mangrove Trees
Sea Shells
Corals
Seagrasses
Abundance of fish
Size of fish
Types of fish (i.e., diversity)
Abundance of Invertebrates
Diversity of Invertebrates
Number of sea urchins and sea cucumbers
Number of Lobsters
Number Octopus
Abundance of Living Coral
Diversity of Living Coral
Turtle Nesting Sites
Presence of other sea life (manatees, whales,
dolphins, sea turtles, sharks, etc.)
Abundance of other sea life (manatees, whales,
dolphins, sea turtles, sharks, etc.)
Land-based pollution/sewage
Sea-based pollution/marine debris
Fisheries
Sandy beaches

Q49. What is the current condition of each of the following at ?

Coral Reef Conservation Survey

Mooring buoys
Fewer vessel groundings
Other bottom habitat
Overgrowth of algae
Sedimentation of reefs
Crowding (too many people)

Q50. How are the current conditions of the marine resources in ?
1. Very Bad

2. Bad
3. Neither Good nor Bad
4. Good
5. Very Good
6. Not Sure

Q51. Has the condition of marine resources in gotten better or worse
over the last 5 years?
1. Significantly Worse

2. Worse
3. No Change
4. Better
5. Significantly Better
6. Not Sure

Q52. Has the condition of marine resources in gotten better or worse
over the last 20 years?
1. Significantly Worse

2. Worse
3. No Change
4. Better
5. Significantly Better
6. Not Sure
33

Coral Reef Conservation Survey

Fish on the Reef Flat
Fish on the Reef Slope
Pelagic Fish
Invertebrates on the Reef Flat
Invertebrates on the Reef Slope
Spawning Stocks
Reef Flat Habitat
Reef Slope Habitat
Water Quality
Mangrove Crab
Mangrove Trees
Sea Shells
Corals
Seagrasses
Abundance of fish
Size of fish
Types of fish (i.e., diversity)
Abundance of Invertebrates
Size of Invertebrates
Number of sea urchins and sea cucumbers
Number of Lobsters
Number Octopus
Abundance of Living Coral
Turtle Nesting Sites
Other sea life (manatees, whales, dolphins, sea
turtles, etc.)
Abundance of other sea life (manatees, whales,
dolphins, sea turtles, etc.)
Any other large scale changes over time like changes
in weather patterns, water temperature, or fishing
seasons
Large scale changes due to natural disasters
Overgrowth of algae
Sedimentation of reefs

Q53. How has the condition of each of the following in changed over
the last XX years? (Years to vary depending on location)

Coral Reef Conservation Survey

Other bottom habitat

Q54. Please describe any changes you have observed in the questions above.
[Open Ended]
Q55. To what degree have the changes you have observed affected your
practices?
1. Not At All

2. Very Little
3. A Moderate Amount
4. Large
5. Significant
6. Not Sure

Q56. Which of these change have affected your practices and how?
[Open Ended]
Q57. To what degree have you noticed any other large scale changes over time
like changes in fish populations, weather patterns, water temperature, or fishing
seasons?
1. Not At All

2. Very Little
3. A Moderate Amount
4. Large
5. Significant
6. Not Sure

Q58. Please describe those changes. [Open Ended]

Coral Reef Conservation Survey

Not Sure

Strongly
Agree

Agree

Neither
Agree nor
Disagree

Disagree

Strongly
Disagree

Q59. To what extent would you be willing to accept more limited access to
MPA to have…

More fish in reef
More living coral
More invertebrates
More turtle nesting grounds
More seagrass
More mangroves
More other sea life (manatees,
whales, dolphins, sea turtles, etc.)
Cleaner water
Less algae overgrowth
Other: Please list

Not Sure

Strongly
Agree

Agree

Neither
Agree nor
Disagree

Disagree

Strongly
Disagree

Q60. To what extent would you be willing to accept increased fishing regulations
in MPA to have…

Coral Reef Conservation Survey

Not Sure

Strongly
Agree

Agree

Neither
Agree nor
Disagree

Disagree

Strongly
Disagree

Q61. To what extent would you be willing to accept increased restrictions on
invertebrate harvesting to have…

More fish in reef
More living coral
More invertebrates
More turtle nesting grounds
More seagrass
More mangroves
More other sea life (manatees,
whales, dolphins, sea turtles, etc.)
Better water transparency
Less algae overgrowth
Other: Please list

Not Sure

Strongly
Agree

Agree

Neither
Agree nor
Disagree

Disagree

Strongly
Disagree

Q62. To what extent would you be willing to accept increased pollution
regulations to have…

Coral Reef Conservation Survey

Not Sure

Strongly
Agree

Agree

Neither
Agree nor
Disagree

Disagree

Strongly
Disagree

Q63. To what extent would you be willing to accept more limited construction and
development, particularly near the seashore, to have…

More fish in reef
More living coral
More invertebrates
More turtle nesting grounds
More seagrass
More mangroves
More other sea life (manatees,
whales, dolphins, sea turtles, etc.)
Better water transparency
Less algae overgrowth
Less sediment on reef
Other: Please list

More fish in reef
More living coral
More invertebrates
More turtle nesting grounds
More seagrass
More mangroves
More other sea life (manatees,
whales, dolphins, sea turtles, etc.)
Better water transparency
Less algae overgrowth
Other: Please list

Not Sure

Strongly
Agree

Agree

Neither
Agree nor
Disagree

Disagree

Strongly
Disagree

Q64. To what extent would you be willing to accept increased regulation of coral
reef activities to have…

Coral Reef Conservation Survey

Not Sure

Strongly
Agree

Agree

Neither
Agree nor
Disagree

Disagree

Strongly
Disagree

Q65. To what extent would you be willing to accept increased boating restrictions
in MPA to have…

More fish in reef
More living coral
More invertebrates
More turtle nesting grounds
More seagrass
More mangroves
More other sea life (manatees,
whales, dolphins, sea turtles, etc.)
Better water transparency
Less algae overgrowth
Less anchor damage to reefs
Less marine–based pollution
Other: Please list

jurisdictional coral
reef program
NOAA/National Coral Reef
Conservation Program
Micronesia Challenge
International Coral Reef Initiative
Caribbean Challenge

Not Sure

Very Familiar

Familiar

Neither
Familiar nor
Unfamiliar

Unfamiliar

Very
Unfamiliar

Q66. How familiar are you with each of the following conservation local, national,
and international coral reef conservation programs?

Coral Reef Conservation Survey

CATEGORY 6: Coral Reefs Changes Since Establishment of
MPAs

Q67. To what degree have you seen changes in the following within the
MPA since it was established?

Fish (used for food)
Mangrove crab
Mangrove trees
Round clam (popol)
Conch and other sea shells
Corals
Seagrasses
Invertebrates
Turtle nesting grounds
Sandy beaches
Sea urchins
Octopus
Lobsters
Sea birds
Other sea life (manatees, whales, dolphins,
sea turtles, etc.)
Other bottom habitat
Specific species to be added as determined
by location

Q68. To what degree have you seen changes in the abundance/condition of each
of the following since MPA was established?

Fish on the Reef Flat
Fish on the Reef Slope
Pelagic Fish
Invertebrates on the Reef Flat
Invertebrates on the Reef Slope
Spawning Stocks
Reef Flat Habitat
Reef Slope Habitat
Water Quality
Mangrove Crab
Mangrove Trees
Sea Shells
Corals
Seagrasses
Number of fish
Size of fish
Types of fish (i.e., diversity)
Abundance of Invertebrates
Abundance of Living Coral
Turtle Nesting Sites
Other sea life (manatees, whales, dolphins, sea
turtles, etc.)
Abundance of other sea life (manatees, whales,
dolphins, sea turtles, sharks etc.)
Any other large scale changes over time like changes
in weather patterns, water temperature, or fishing
seasons
Other bottom habitat

Coral Reef Conservation Survey

Q69. To what degree have you seen a change in the amount of each of the
following directly outside the MPA now versus XX years ago? (Years to
vary depending on location)

Food fish
Aquarium fish
Mangrove crab
Mangrove trees
Round clam (popol)
Conch and other sea shells
Corals
Seagrasses
Invertebrates
Turtle nesting grounds
Sea urchins
Octopus
Lobsters
Sea birds
Other sea life (manatees, whales, dolphins, sea
turtles, sharks etc.)
Other bottom habitat

Fish on the Reef Flat
Fish on the Reef Slope
Pelagic Fish
Invertebrates on the Reef Flat
Invertebrates on the Reef Slope
Spawning Stocks

Q70. To what degree have you seen changes in abundance/condition in each of
the following directly outside the MPA now versus 5 years ago?

Coral Reef Conservation Survey

Reef Flat Habitat
Reef Slope Habitat
Water Quality
Mangrove Crab
Mangrove Trees
Sea Shells
Corals
Seagrasses
Number of fish
Size of fish
Types of fish (i.e., diversity)
Abundance of Invertebrates
Abundance of Living Coral
Turtle Nesting Sites
Other sea life (manatees, whales, dolphins, sea
turtles, etc.)
Abundance of other sea life (manatees, whales,
dolphins, sea turtles, etc.)
Any other large scale changes over time like
changes in weather patterns, water temperature,
or fishing seasons
Other bottom habitat

Land-based pollution/sewage
Sediment runoff in the reef area
Sea-based pollution/marine debris
Sea water quality
Coral reef fisheries

Q71. Please rate the change in status/condition of the following since the
implementation of the MPA.

Coral Reef Conservation Survey

Pelagic fisheries
Mooring buoys
Fewer vessel groundings
Crowding (too many people)
Incidence of harmful algal blooms (e.g., red tides)
Number of shark sightings
Improvement in reef-related livelihoods
Access to reefs

Q72. To what degree do you feel the MPA is responsible for the
status/condition of these resources?

Land-based pollution/sewage
Sediment runoff in the reef area
Sea-based pollution/marine debris
Sea water quality
Coral reef fisheries
Pelagic fisheries
Mooring buoys
Fewer vessel groundings
Crowding (too many people)
Incidence of harmful algal blooms (e.g., red tides)
Number of shark sightings

Q73. To what degree has your use of MPA changed since the zone was
established?
1. Rarely or never used and still do not

2. Decreased significantly
44

Coral Reef Conservation Survey
3. Decreased some
4. Has not changed
5. Increased some
6. Increased Significantly
7. Not sure

Coral Reef Conservation Survey

CATEGORY 7: Knowledge of Rules/Regulations
Q74. Here in [jurisdiction], do regulations exist for participating in each of the
following activities in or near a coral reef in / MPA?
Yes
Coral Harvesting
Invertebrate Harvesting
Harvesting of Mangroves
Harvesting of mangrove species
Fishing with Rod & Reel
Sport / Recreational fishing
Net-fishing
Trap fishing
Talakhaya (Throw Net) Fishing
SCUBA Spearfishing
Freedive Spearfishing
Gillnet Fishing
Spear Fishing
Live Fish Collecting
Commercial Fishing
Subsistence Fishing
Collecting Trochus
Collecting Sea Cucumbers
Size of fish that can be removed
Number of fish catch per trip
Driving on Beach
Burning
Trash Dumping
SCUBA diving
Snorkeling/swimming
Boating
Water sports
Sea Turtle Harvesting
Taking Sea Turtle Eggs
Taking Bird Eggs
Residential / Commercial Development
Sand Extraction
Anchoring
Using chemicals for fishing
Using explosives for fishing

Don’t know

Coral Reef Conservation Survey
Q75. When you were planning your recent trip to , were you aware that
there were special zones where certain activities are restricted or not allowed?
1. Yes

2. No
3. Not Sure

Q76. Did you know before your recent visit to that all is
a Marine Protected Area?
1. Yes

2. No
3. Not Sure

Q77. Which of the following restrictions exist in MPA? (Please check all
that apply)
1. No fishing
2. Designated no take areas
3. Seasonal fishing restrictions
4. Species restrictions
5. Fish size restrictions
6. No anchoring
7. Prohibited discharge of sewage or graywater from vessels
8. Restrictions on coastal construction/development
9. Vessel transit restrictions (e.g., no transit of oil tankers)
10. Restrictions on types of fishing gear used
11. Diving restrictions
12. Restrictions on tourist activities
13. Permits required for use
14. Cultural use only
15. Bag limits
16. Limits on gear types
14. Other: Please list

Q78. How familiar are you with more traditional or cultural methods for managing
marine resources and coral reefs in [Location]?
1. Very unfamiliar

2. Unfamiliar
3. Neither familiar nor unfamiliar
4. Familiar
47

Coral Reef Conservation Survey
5. Very Familiar
6. Not Sure

Q79. Does your village have a local, traditional, or cultural method for managing
marine resources and coral reefs?
1. Yes
2. No
3. Not Sure

Q79a. Please describe. [Open Ended]
Q80. How effective are the more traditional or cultural methods for managing
marine resources and coral reefs?
1. Very ineffective

2. Ineffective
3. Neither effective nor ineffective
4. Effective
5. Very effective
6. Not Sure

Q80a. Please explain [Open Ended]

Q81. How effective are the more traditional or cultural methods for managing
marine resources and coral reefs as compared to more “modern” rules and
regulations for governing marine resources and coral reefs?
1. Traditional methods are much less effective

2. Traditional methods are less effective
3. No difference between the traditional and modern methods
4. Traditional methods are more effective
5. Traditional methods are much more effective
6. Not Sure

Coral Reef Conservation Survey

CATEGORY 8: Compliance with Rules/Regulations

How often do you believe fishers do not comply
with regulations?
How often do you believe that a fisher who is not
complying with fisheries regulations would be
seen or detected by enforcement agents?
How often do you believe that fishers who do not
comply with fisheries regulations are caught and
penalized?
How often do you believe that people fish inside
the MPA no-take zones?
Based on your observations, how often would you
say that commercial fishers do not comply with
fisheries regulations?
Based on your observations, how often would you
say that non-commercial fishers do not comply
with fisheries regulations?
How often do people from not comply
with MPA regulations?
How often do people from outside not
comply with MPA regulations?
How often do you believe commercial or
recreational divers do not comply with
regulations?
How often do you believe that a commercial or
recreational diver who is not complying with
regulations would be seen or detected by the
enforcement agencies?
How often do you believe commercial or
recreational divers who do not comply with
regulations are caught and penalized?
Based on your observations, how often would you
say that commercial dive operators do not comply

Not Sure

Always

76-99%
Most of the Time

51-75%
About Half of the
Time

26-50%
Sometimes

1-25%
Rarely

Never

Q82. Please rate the extent to which you believe each of the following occur.

Not Sure

Always

76-99%
Most of the Time

51-75%
About Half of the
Time

26-50%
Sometimes

1-25%
Rarely

Never

Coral Reef Conservation Survey

with regulations?
Based on your observations, how often would you
say that recreational divers do not comply with
regulations?

People from respect the MPA regulations.
People from outside respect the MPA regulations.
Commercial diving operations respect MPA regulations.
Local diving operations respect MPA regulations.
Commercial fishing operations respect MPA regulations.
Local fishing operations respect MPA regulations.
Tourists respect MPA regulations.
Tourists are knowledgeable of MPA regulations.
Local people are knowledgeable about MPA regulations
Commercial and local fisheries are treated differently by authorities for
violating regulations.
Commercial and local diving operations are treated differently by
authorities for not complying with regulations.
Enforcement of regulations is fairly carried out.
Enforcement of regulations is adequate.
Penalties are fair and in line with the violation.
No specific groups are singled out in enforcement of regulations.
No specific groups are singled out in allocating penalties.

Strongly
Agree
Not Sure

Neither
Agree nor
Agree
Disagree

Strongly
Disagree
Disagree

Q83. Please rate the extent to which you agree/disagree with each of the
following.

Coral Reef Conservation Survey

Q84. Why do you think some people do not follow the regulations?

It is easy to do- not likely to get caught
They don’t know it’s illegal
They don’t know it can harm the environment
They don’t know it can harm wildlife and the coral reef
ecosystem
They need to earn a living and feel they have no other
option
They don’t care
People are lazy
They think it’s fun
They want to fish/dive in a less populated area
MPAs have more fish/coral to see/catch
People do not appreciate how much of an impact violating
regulations has on the environment/coral reef ecosystem
The MPA is easier to get to (or safer) than other fishing
areas
There is not enough enforcement
Other, please specify

Enforcement officers
Administrative hearings
Legal and trial process

Q85. Please rate your confidence level that each of the following is accurately and
fairly enforcing coral reef related rules and regulations.

Coral Reef Conservation Survey

CATEGORY 9: Coral Reef Management Processes
Q86. Have you donated any money or time towards an environmental cause in the
last 12 month?
1. Time

2. Money
3. Both
4. Neither

Q87. How much time did you donate over the last 12 months? (if yes to previous
question)
1. Less than 5 hours

2. 5-25 hours
3. 25-50 hours
4. 50-75 hours
5. More than 100 hours
6. No response

Q88. How much money did you donate over the last 12 months? (if yes to prior
question)
1. Less than $20

2. $20 - $50
3. $50 - $100
4. $100 - $200
5. More than $200
6. No response

Coral Reef Conservation Survey

Several Times a
Month

At least once a
month

Several times a
year

Once a year or
Less

Not At All

Q89. To what extent do you participate in any of the following activities to help
protect the environment?

Coastal Cleanup (beach clean up)
Community watch
Volunteer as a docent (school,
visitor center, etc)
Volunteer with a nongovernmental organization
Develop or maintain a coral reef
blog, web site, or other Internet
presence
Fish monitoring/fish counts
Community-based creel survey
Local education/awareness
initiatives
Other: Please list

Q90. To what degree are you involved in making decisions related to the
management of coral reefs in ?
1. Not at all involved

2. Slightly involved
3. Moderately involved
4. Involved
5. Very involved

Q91. How satisfied are you with the current management strategies for coral reefs
in ?
1. Very unsatisfied
2. Unsatisfied
3. Neither
4. Satisfied
5. Very Satisfied
6. Not sure
46

Coral Reef Conservation Survey

Not Sure

Very Effective

Effective

Neither Effective
Nor Ineffective

Ineffective

Very Ineffective

Q92. How effective are each of the following management strategies or
regulations in the MPA/Jurisdiction?

Restricting use of anchors and or designate mooring
areas
Limiting shoreside/streamside activities (e.g.,
agriculture or construction) to reduce pollution
Fishing restrictions (e.g., fish size class, number of
fish, fishing seasons, locations)

Species restrictions
Catch shares
Traditional management methods
Controlling access to coral reefs
Limiting construction maritime facilities (piers,
waterfronts, boat ramps)
Dive tourism restrictions
Seasonal/rotational closures
Distributing coral reef educational materials to
visitor
Conducting outreach activities to educate public
Marine zoning
Other: Please list

Q93. What, if any, management strategies or regulations do you think should be
changed in the MPA?
1. Restricting use of anchors and or designate mooring areas

2. Limiting shoreside/streamside activities (e.g., agriculture or construction) to reduce
pollution
3. Fishing restrictions (e.g., fish size class, number of fish, fishing seasons, locations)
4. Controlling access to coral reefs
5. Limiting construction maritime facilities (piers, waterfronts, boat ramps)
6. Dive tourism restrictions
7. Seasonal/rotational closures
8. Distributing coral reef educational materials to visitor
47

Coral Reef Conservation Survey
9. Conducting outreach activities to educate public
10. Marine zoning
11. Other: Please list

Fishing
Beach Use
Littering or dumping
Illegal burning
Road Maintenance
Watershed issues (e.g. pollution, nutrient

runoff, sediment, coastal development)
No-take MPAs
Restricted use MPAs
Gear restrictions
Size restrictions on fishing
Species restrictions on fishing
Seasonal and/or rotational closures
Dive tourism
Other tourist activities
Sand mining
Other: Please list

Q95. How successful is the Federal government in protecting coral reefs?
1. Not at all successful

2. Somewhat successful
3. Moderately successful
4. Successful
5. Extremely successful
6. Not sure

Neither
Effective nor
Ineffective

Q94. How effective do you think [regulation] of each of the following are at
[location]?

Coral Reef Conservation Survey
Q96. How successful is the local government in protecting coral reefs?
1. Not at all successful

2. Somewhat successful
3. Moderately successful
4. Successful
5. Extremely successful
6. Not sure

Q97. How involved is the local community in protecting and managing coral reefs?
1. Not at all involved

2. Somewhat involved
3. Moderately involved
4. Involved
5. Very involved
6. Not sure

Q98. How effective is the local community in protecting and managing coral reefs?
1. Not at all effective

2. Somewhat effective
3. Moderately effective
4. Effective
5. Very effective
6. Not sure

Q99. In your opinion, who has primary decision making authority over the coral
reefs (and associated species)?
1. Residents of

2. A particular family
3. Village leadership
4. Village residents
5. Community group
6. No one
7. Residents of [territory]
8. The local government
9. The federal government
49

Coral Reef Conservation Survey
10. Other: Please list

Q100. In your opinion, who is primarily responsible for management activities to
protect coral reefs (and associated species)?
1. Residents of

2. A particular family
3. Village leadership
4. Village residents
5. Community group: _____________
6. No one
7. Residents of
8. The local government
9. The federal government
10. Other: Please list

Coral Reef Conservation Survey

CATEGORY 10: Support for Management Processes and
Regulations

The process that the government has used to develop rules
and regulations for MPA was open and fair to all
groups
It has not mattered whether the average person participated
in the workshops and meeting on the MPA because
the average person could not influence the final decisions
The government agency responsible for designating the
MPA has not addressed the concerns of local and
state (or other federal) governments in developing rules and
regulations for the MPA
The government has not addressed the concerns of individual
citizens in developing rules and regulations for MPA
Once MPA regulations have been in effect, there has
been no way that the average person to voice his/her opinion
on the usefulness of the regulations
The procedures that the government has established to deal
with violations of MPA regulations have been fair
and just
has benefited environmentally from MPA
has benefited socially from MPA
has benefited culturally from MPA
has benefited financially from MPA
Sufficient resources and staff are available to enforce current
regulations
I know where to go to find information about regulations
When developing regulations, the government takes the
needs of the local community affected by the regulations into
consideration
Boating regulations are too stringent
Fishing regulations are too stringent
Construction regulations are too stringent

Strongly
Agree
Not Sure

Agree

Neither Agree
nor Disagree

Disagree

Strongly
Disagree

Q101. Please rate the extent to which you agree or disagree with each of the
following.

Strongly
Agree
Not Sure

Agree

Neither Agree
nor Disagree

Disagree

Strongly
Disagree

Coral Reef Conservation Survey

Recreational activity regulations are too stringent
Pollution regulations are too stringent
Harvesting regulations are too stringent
Access regulations are too stringent
Boating regulations hurt the local economy
Fishing regulations hurt the local economy
Construction regulations hurt the local economy
Recreational activity regulations hurt the local economy
Pollution regulations hurt the local economy
Harvesting regulations hurt the local economy
Access regulations hurt the local economy

Q102. To sufficiently protect the coral reefs, do you believe stronger, weaker, or
no change to the existing regulations in is warranted?
1. Significantly weaker regulations

2. Weaker regulations
3. No change
4. Stronger regulations
5. Significantly stronger regulations
6. Not Sure

Ban commercial harvesting
Ban commercial fishing
Create area for traditional fishing
Allow more types of resource use in reserve
Prohibit Scuba-spear fishing
Prohibit destructive gear-types

Don’t
Know

Strongly
Support

Support

Neither
Support
nor
Oppose

Oppose

Fishing and Harvesting Practices

Strongly
Oppose

Q103. To what extent would you support each of the following possible changes
to existing rules and regulations or to existing management processes to
improve the protection of the coral reefs in ?

Don’t
Know

Strongly
Support

Support

Neither
Support
nor
Oppose

Oppose

Fishing and Harvesting Practices

Strongly
Oppose

Coral Reef Conservation Survey

Increase enforcement of existing
rules/regulations
Expand boundaries of MPA
Expand no-take area
Decrease size no-take area
Seasonal and/or rotational openings/closures
Increase community participation in reserve
management
Stricter controls on sediment and nutrient runoff
from land to the ocean
More stringent control of pollutants to preserve
water quality
Stricter regulations on discharging of pollutants
in MPA
Restrictions on coastal development

Other Rules/Regulations

Neither
Support nor
Oppose

Prohibit [specific gear types]
Create more no-catch (no-take) fishing zones
Create more restricted use zones
Bag limits
Minimum size limits on fish that can be taken
Maximum size limits on fish that can be taken
Species restrictions
Slot limits (fish take is allowed above or
below a certain size)
Seasonal/spawning periods
Fishing activities must be approved by the
existing reef boards
Catch shares
No harvesting of bottom formations inside
MPA
No taking of invertebrates inside
MPA
The hook-and-line only fishing regulation in
MPA

Other Rules/Regulations

Neither
Support nor
Oppose

Coral Reef Conservation Survey

Banning commercial/recreational activities
Limiting dive tourism
Limiting other tourist activities
Enforced training/certification of scuba divers
and snorkelers
Dive/snorkel operations should have limited
entry in
Implement/enforce monetary fines for violation
Stronger shipping regulations
Ban anchoring in MPA
Limit vessel size for mooring use in the MPA
Require vessels use mooring buoys within the
MPA
Regulations on minimum distance and speed
from vessels flying a dive flag
The requirement that all dive vessels fly a dive
flag
Other: Please list

I support the MPA as it is currently established
I support the no anchoring regulation in the MPA
I support the prohibition on disturbing the sea bed
including all mining and oil & gas activities
I support the prohibition of commercial fishing use of
wire fishing traps
I support the prohibition commercial fishing using
bottom trawls
I support the prohibition on the damage or removal of
bottom formations (e.g. corals and rock)

Strongly
Agree
Not Sure

Agree

Neither Agree
nor Disagree

Disagree

Strongly
Disagree

Q104. Please rate the extent to which you agree or disagree with each of the
following statements.

I support the prohibition on the use of explosives for fishing
I support the prohibition on the discharge of pollutants
in MPA waters
I support the prohibition on spear fishing in the MPA
The process that MPA used to develop its rules and
regulations was open and fair to all groups
It has not mattered whether the average person participated
in the workshops and meeting of the MPA because
the average person could not influence the final decisions
MPA has not addressed the concerns of other federal
and state governments in developing its rules and
Regulations
MPA has not addressed the concerns of individual
citizens in developing its rules and regulations
Once the MPA regulations have been in effect, there
has been no way that the average person to voice his/her
opinion on the usefulness of the regulations
The procedures that MPA has established to deal
with violations of its regulations has been fair and just
MPA does a good job of enforcing its regulations
MPA does a good job of educating the public about
its rules and regulations

Strongly
Agree
Not Sure

Agree

Neither Agree
nor Disagree

Disagree

Strongly
Disagree

Coral Reef Conservation Survey

CATEGORY 11: Sources of Information Available
Q105. Which of the following sources would you consider to be your primary
sources of information about coral reefs in ? (Please check up to 5).
List region specific sources as well
1. Newspaper

15. [ ] Website
16. [ ] Staff
17. Sanctuary Advisory Council
18. People who participate in coral
reef related activities
19. Magazines
20. Government agency publications
21. Conservation organization
publications
22. NOAA sponsored Publications or
websites
23. Other: Please list
24. None

2. Radio
3. Television
4. Brochures
5. Informational Signs
6. Community Members
7. Community/club Meeting
8. Work
9. Friends
10. Family
11. Teachers
12. Religious Leaders
13. Workshop
14. Word of mouth

Q106. Which of the following sources would you consider to be your primary
sources of information on participating in coral reef related activities you enjoy
and its impact on coral reefs? (Please check up to 5). List region specific sources
as well
1. Newspaper

13. Workshop
14. Word of mouth
15. [ ] Website
16. [ ] Staff
17. Sanctuary Advisory Council
18. People who participate in coral
reef related activities
19. Magazines
20. Government agency publications
21. Conservation organization
publications

2. Radio
3. Television
4. Brochures
5. Informational Signs
6. Community Members
7. Community/club Meeting
8. Work
9. Friends
10. Family
11. Teachers
12. Religious Leaders
56

Coral Reef Conservation Survey
22. NOAA sponsored Publications or
websites

23. Other: Please list
24. None

Q107. Which of the following sources would you consider to be your primary
sources of information on government rules and regulations of coral reefs in
? (Please check up to 5). List region specific sources as well
1. Newspaper

Q108. Which of the following sources would you consider to be your primary
sources of information about coral reefs management processes in ?
(Please check up to 5). List region specific sources as well
1. Newspaper

2. Radio
3. Television
4. Brochures
5. Informational Signs
6. Community Members
7. Community/club Meeting
8. Work
9. Friends
10. Family
11. Teachers
12. Religious Leaders
57

Coral Reef Conservation Survey
22. NOAA sponsored Publications or
websites

23. Other: Please list
24. None

Newspaper
Radio
Television
Brochures
Informational Signs
Community Members
Community/club Meeting
Village leaders
Village council
Work
Friends
Family
Teacher
Religious Leaders
Workshop
Word of mouth
[ ] Website
[ ] Staff
Sanctuary Advisory Council
People who participate in coral reef
related activities
Magazines
Government agency publications
Conservation organization
publications
Government sponsored publications
or websites
Other: Please list

Not Sure

Very
Trustworthy

Trustworthy

Neither
Trustworthy nor
Untrustworthy

Untrustworthy

Very
Untrustworthy

Q109. To what degree do you trust each of the following sources of information to
provide you the most accurate information on coral reefs and coral reef related
topics in ? List region specific sources as well

Coral Reef Conservation Survey

CATEGORY 12: Coral Reef Financial Reliance
Q110. To what degree do you rely on coral reefs as a source of food for yourself and
your family?
1. Not at all

2. For a small part of the food we consume
3. For about half of my food we consume
4. For the majority, but not all of my food we consume
5. For my all of my food we consume
6. Not sure

Q111. To what degree do you rely on coral reefs for a source of income?
1. Not at all

2. For a small part of my income
3. For about half of my income
4. For the majority, but not all of my income
5. For my all of my income
6. Not sure

To feed myself and my family/ household
To sell for profit
To give to extended family members and/or friends
For fun
For special occasions and cultural events
To donate to charities
Other: Please list

Q112. How often do you fish or harvest marine resources for each of the following
reasons?

Coral Reef Conservation Survey
Q113. Is your occupation affiliated with the marine environment/industry in
?
1. Yes

2. No
3. Not sure

Q114. If YES, please circle the industry that best fits your primary profession.
1. Commercial fishing

2. Charter fishing
3. Dive/snorkel operation
4. Marina/boat operation
5. Other watersports
6. Eco-tour operation
7. Ecological research
8. Ocean/coastal management
9. Artisan
10. Education
Other_____________________

Q115. Do you belong to a fishery cooperative?
1. Yes
2. No
3. No Response

Q116. If yes, which one?
List fish house options for specific location

Q117. What approximate percentage of your TOTAL household income is derived
from fishing?
1. Less than 10%

2. 10 – 25%
3. 26 – 50%
4. 51 – 80%
5. 80 – 100%
60

Coral Reef Conservation Survey
Q118. What is your primary launch location or access point to the water?
List options specific to

Q119. Do you have a secondary launch location or access point to the water, from
which you port part of the year? If so, please check.
1. I do not have a launch location or access point to the water
List options specific to

Coral Reef Conservation Survey

CATEGORY 13: Demographic Questions
Q120. How many family members do you support (including yourself)?
1. Myself Only
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4
5. 5
6. 6
7. 7
8. Greater than 7
9. No Response

Q121. What is your age? [Open Ended]
Q122. What is your sex?
1. Male
2. Female
3. No Response

Q123. What is the highest level of education you have completed?
1. 8th Grade or Less
2. 9th to 11th Grade
3. 12th Grade, High School Grad, GED
4. 13 to 15 Years (some community college or vocational training)
5. College Graduate
6. Graduate School, Law School, Medical School
7. No Response

Q124. What is your current employment status?
1. Unemployed
2. Student
3. Employed full-time
62

Coral Reef Conservation Survey
4. Homemaker
5. Employed part-time
6. Retired
7. None of the above (Please specify)
8. No Response

Q125. What is your occupation? [Open Ended]
Q126. In which sector are you employed? (Ask only for those who check
employed full or part time) (check all that apply)
1. Management, professional etc.
2. Service & Tourism
3. Retail Sales
4. Fishing/ Aquaculture
5. Fish Processing/Cannery
6. Construction & Maintenance
7. Transportation
8. Government (Federal)
9. Government (Local)

10. Agriculture
11. Education
12. Manufacturing /Oil Refinery
13. Law Enforcement
14. Health / Medical
15. Communications
16. Textiles
17. Other: Please list
18. No Response

Q127. What is your annual household income?
1. Under $10,000
2. $10,000 to $19,999
3. $20,000 to $29,999
4. $30,000 to $39,999
5. $40,000 to $49,999
6. $50,000 to $59,999

7. $60,000 to $74,999
8. $75,000 to $99,999
9. $100,000 to $149,999
10. $150,000 or More
11. No Response

Q128. Please list the city, state, and postal code of your primary residence [Open
end]
Q129. For how many years have you lived at this location?
1. Less than 1 year
2. 1 – 5 years
63

Coral Reef Conservation Survey
3. 5 – 10 years
4. 10 – 20 years
5. 20 – 30 years
6. More than 30 years

Q130. Do you have direct access to the water from your residence?
1. I can get to the water from my property
2. My residence is a short walk to the water
3. My residence is a short drive to the water
4. My residence does not have direct access to the water
5. No Response

Q131. What race/ethnicity do you consider yourself? Select all that apply
1. American Indian or Alaskan
Native
2. Asian
3. Black or African American
4. Puerto Rican
5. Carolinian
6. Chamorro
7. Chinese
8. Cuban
9. Filipino
10. Japanese
11. White
12. Korean

13. Mexican
14. Native Hawaiian or other Pacific
Islander
15. Samoan
16. Taino
17. Thai
18.Tongan
62
19. Vietnamese
20. White
21. Other/Mixed
22. No response
23. Hispanic or Latino

Q132. How proficient are you in English?
1. I speak no English
2. I speak very little English
3. Conversational
4. Completely Fluent
5. Not sure

Coral Reef Conservation Survey
Q133. What language(s) do you speak, including your primary language?
(Please check each language you speak).
1. English
2. Spanish
3. French
4. German
5. Italian
6. Portuguese
7. Arabic
8. Chinese
9. Japanese
10. Korean
11. Tagolog
12. Hindi

13. Hawaiian
14. Hawaii Pidgin English
15. Sāmoan
16. Chamorro
17. Carolinian
18. Creole
19. Crucian
20. Tongan
21. Other: Please list
22. No Response

Q134. What religion do you consider yourself?
1. Episcopal
2. Presbyterian
3. Baptist
4. Methodist
5. Lutheran
6. Christian Congregational
7. Assembly of God
8. Pentecostal
9. Seventh Day Adventist
10. Other Protestant/Nondenominational Christian
11. Mormon (LDS)
12. Catholic
13. Jewish
14. Muslim
15. Hindu
16. Bhuddist
17. Bahai
18. Atheist/Humanist
19. Other: Please list

20. None
21. No Response

Coral Reef Conservation Survey

Q135. Do you have a particular title, leadership, or cultural status in your
community? If so, please list. [Open Ended]
Q136. Do you hold the Samoan title of matai?
Q137. Please check each group of which you a member?
1. Chamber of Commerce
2. Environmental Group
3. Conch Coalition
4. MCCF
5. OFF
6. NAUI
7. PADI
8. KADO
9. FADO
10. SSI
11. Last Stand
12. Reef Relief
13. Sanctuary Friends of the Florida Keys
14. Local religious or community organization
Which one? ___________________
15. Other, please specify
16. No response
Include other groups in list relevant to location.

Q138. Do you own a boat?
1. Yes
2. No
3. No response

Coral Reef Conservation Survey
Other important information that should be included as part of the survey instrument:
Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average25-30
minutes per respondent, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data
sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the
collection of information. [This means when developing each specific questionnaire the
appropriate number of questions should be selected so as not to exceed the public burden of 30
minutes]
Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other suggestions for reducing this
burden to (name), NOAA Line office, (address). [This is required information as part of the
questionnaire, usually at the end]
[A Statement on confidentiality, if applicable, should be inserted at the end unless already
provided elsewhere on the form]. Notwithstanding any other provisions of the law, no person is
required to respond to, nor shall any person be subjected to a penalty for failure to comply
with, a collection of information subject to the requirements of the Paperwork Reduction Act,
unless that collection of information displays a currently valid OMB Control Number XXXXXXXX.

File Type	application/pdf
Author	Binder, Rebecca
File Modified	2015-03-13
File Created	2015-03-02