HSA, Archer MSA, or Medicare Advantage MSA Information

2018

Department of the Treasury
Internal Revenue Service

Instructions for Forms
1099-SA and 5498-SA

Distributions From an HSA, Archer MSA, or Medicare Advantage MSA, and HSA,
Archer MSA, or Medicare Advantage MSA Information
Section references are to the Internal Revenue Code unless
otherwise noted.

Future Developments

For the latest information about developments related to Forms
1099-SA and 5498-SA and their instructions, such as legislation
enacted after they were published, go to IRS.gov/Form1099SA and
IRS.gov/Form5498SA.

Reminders
General instructions. In addition to these specific instructions, you
should also use the 2018 General Instructions for Certain
Information Returns. Those general instructions include information
about the following topics.
Who must file (nominee/middleman).
When and where to file.
Electronic reporting requirements.
Corrected and void returns.
Statements to recipients.
Taxpayer identification numbers (TIN).
Backup withholding.
Penalties.
Other general topics.
You can get the general instructions from General Instructions for
Certain Information Returns, IRS.gov/Form1099SA, and IRS.gov/
Form5498SA.
Online fillable form. Due to the very low volume of paper Forms
1099-SA and 5498-SA received and processed by the IRS each
year, these forms have been converted to an online fillable format.
You may fill out the forms, found online at IRS.gov/Form1099SA and
IRS.gov/Form5498SA, and send Copy B to the recipient. For filing
with the IRS, follow the applicable procedures for filing electronically
if you are filing 250 or more forms. For Forms 1099-SA and
5498-SA only, if you are filing these forms on paper, you may send
in the black and white Copy As with Form 1096 that you print from
the IRS website.

Specific Instructions for Form
1099-SA

File Form 1099-SA, Distributions From an HSA, Archer MSA, or
Medicare Advantage MSA, to report distributions made from a
health savings account (HSA), Archer medical savings account
(Archer MSA), or Medicare Advantage MSA (MA MSA). The
distribution may have been paid directly to a medical service
provider or to the account holder. A separate return must be filed for
each plan type.

Transfers. Do not report a trustee-to-trustee transfer from one
Archer MSA or MA MSA to another Archer MSA or MA MSA, from
an Archer MSA to an HSA, or from one HSA to another HSA. For
reporting purposes, contributions and rollovers do not include
transfers.
HSA mistaken distributions. If amounts were distributed during
the year from an HSA because of a mistake of fact due to
reasonable cause, the account beneficiary may repay the mistaken
distribution no later than April 15 following the first year the account
beneficiary knew or should have known the distribution was a
Aug 08, 2017

mistake. For example, the account beneficiary reasonably, but
mistakenly, believed that an expense was a qualified medical
expense and was reimbursed for that expense from the HSA. The
account beneficiary then repays the mistaken distribution to the
HSA.
Under these circumstances, the mistaken distribution is not
included in gross income, is not subject to the additional 20% tax,
and the repayment is not subject to the excise tax on excess
contributions. Do not treat the repayment as a contribution on Form
5498-SA, HSA, Archer MSA, or Medicare Advantage MSA
Information.
As the trustee or custodian, you do not have to allow

TIP beneficiaries to return a mistaken distribution to the HSA.

However, if you do allow the return of the mistaken
distribution, you may rely on the account beneficiary's statement that
the distribution was in fact a mistake. See Notice 2004-50, 2004-33
I.R.B. 196, Q/A-76, available at IRS.gov/irb/2004-33_IRB/ar08.html.
Do not report the mistaken distribution on Form 1099-SA. Correct
any filed Form 1099-SA with the IRS and the account beneficiary as
soon as you become aware of the error. See Corrected Returns on
Paper Forms in the 2018 General Instructions for Certain Information
Returns for more information.

HSA Closure Under the USA PATRIOT Act

If an HSA is closed at any time by the HSA trustee or custodian due
to a failure of the participant to satisfy the Customer Identification
Program requirements described in section 326 of the USA
PATRIOT Act, the distribution from the HSA must be reported.
If a regular contribution is made to the HSA that is closed, and a
distribution is made to the participant, enter the gross distribution in
box 1. If no earnings are distributed, enter zero in box 2. If earnings
are distributed, enter the amount of earnings in box 2. Enter code 2
in box 3. See the instructions for boxes 1 through 3, later.
In addition, Form 5498-SA must be filed to report any rollover
(qualified HSA funding distributions (trustee-to-trustee transfers from
an IRA to an HSA under section 408(d)(9))) contributions to the HSA
subsequently closed by the trustee or custodian. See the Specific
Instructions for Form 5498-SA, later.

Death of Account Holder
Archer MSAs and MA MSAs. When the account holder dies and
the designated beneficiary is the surviving spouse, the following
apply.
The spouse becomes the account holder of the Archer MSA.
An MA MSA is treated as an Archer MSA of the spouse for
distribution purposes.
Distributions from these accounts are subject to the rules that
apply to Archer MSAs.
If the designated beneficiary is not the spouse or there is no
named beneficiary, the account ceases to be an MSA as of the date
of death and the fair market value (FMV) on that date is reported.
If there is more than one recipient, the FMV should be allocated
among them, as appropriate.
If the beneficiary is the estate, enter the estate's name and TIN in
place of the recipient's on the form.

Cat. No. 38470S

For HSAs and Archer MSAs, if you are reporting earnings on

Distribution in year of death. If you learn of the account
holder's death and make a distribution to the beneficiary in the year
of death, issue a Form 1099-SA and enter in:
Box 1, the gross distribution;
Box 3, code 4 (see Box 3. Distribution Code, later); and
Box 4, the FMV of the account on the date of death.
Distribution after year of death. If you learn of the death of the
account holder and make a distribution after the year of death, issue
a Form 1099-SA in the year you learned of the death of the account
holder. Enter in:
Box 1, the gross distribution;
Box 3, one of the following codes (see Box 3. Distribution Code,
later):
1—If the beneficiary is the spouse,
4—If the beneficiary is the estate, or
6—If the beneficiary is not the spouse or estate;
Box 4, the FMV of the account on the date of death, reduced by
any payments from the HSA made for the decedent's qualified
medical expenses, if paid within one year after death.

TIP a distribution of excess contributions, use the method under

Regulations section 1.408-11 for calculating the net income
attributable to IRA contributions that are distributed as a returned
contribution. If the amount in box 2 includes earnings on excess
contributions, enter distribution code 2 in box 3.

Box 3. Distribution Code

Enter the appropriate distribution code from the following list that
shows the type of distribution.

HSAs. When the account holder dies, the following applies.
If the designated beneficiary is the surviving spouse, the spouse
becomes the account holder of the HSA.
If the designated beneficiary is not the surviving spouse, the
account ceases to be an HSA on the date of the account holder's
death. The FMV of the account as of the date of death is required to
be reported in box 4. Follow the rules and coding above under
Distribution in year of death and Distribution after year of death.

1—Normal distributions

Use this code for normal distributions to
the account holder and any direct
payments to a medical service
provider. Use this code if no other code
applies. Also, see Distribution after
year of death, earlier.

2—Excess contributions

Use this code for distributions of
excess HSA or Archer MSA
contributions to the account holder.

3—Disability

Use this code if you made distributions
after the account holder was disabled
(see section 72(m)(7)).

4—Death distribution other
than code 6

Use this code for payments to a
decedent's estate in the year of death.
Also use this code for payments to an
estate after the year of death. Do not
use with code 6. See Death of Account
Holder, earlier.

5—Prohibited transaction

See sections 220(e)(2) and 223(e)(2).

6—Death distribution after
year of death to a
nonspouse beneficiary

Use this code for payments to a
decedent's nonspouse beneficiary,
other than an estate, after the year of
death. Do not use with code 4.

Statements to Recipients

If you are required to file Form 1099-SA, you must provide a
statement to the recipient. For more information about the
requirement to furnish a Form 1099-SA or acceptable substitute
statement to recipients, see part M in the 2018 General Instructions
for Certain Information Returns.

Truncating Recipient's TIN on Payee Statements

Pursuant to Treasury Regulations section 301.6109-4, all filers of
this form may truncate a recipient’s TIN (social security number
(SSN), individual taxpayer identification number (ITIN), adoption
taxpayer identification number (ATIN), or employer identification
number (EIN)) on payee statements. Truncation is not allowed on
any documents the filer files with the IRS. A trustee/payer's TIN may
not be truncated on any form. See part J in the 2018 General
Instructions for Certain Information Returns.

Box 4. FMV on Date of Death

Enter the FMV of the account on the date of death. See Death of
Account Holder, earlier.

Box 5. Checkbox

Account Number

Check the box to indicate if this distribution was from an HSA,
Archer MSA, or MA MSA.

The account number is required if you have multiple accounts for a
recipient for whom you are filing more than one Form 1099-SA.
Additionally, the IRS encourages you to designate an account
number for all Forms 1099-SA that you file. See part L in the 2018
General Instructions for Certain Information Returns.

Specific Instructions for Form
5498-SA

File Form 5498-SA, HSA, Archer MSA, or Medicare Advantage MSA
Information, with the IRS on or before June 3, 2019, for each person
for whom you maintained a health savings account (HSA), Archer
medical savings account (Archer MSA), or Medicare Advantage
MSA (MA MSA) during 2018. You are required to file if you are the
trustee or custodian of an HSA, Archer MSA, or MA MSA. A
separate form is required for each type of plan.

Box 1. Gross Distribution

Enter the total amount of the distribution. Include any earnings
separately reported in box 2. You are not required to determine the
taxable amount of a distribution. Do not report a negative amount in
box 1. Do not report the withdrawal of excess employer contributions
(and the earnings on them) returned to an employer as a distribution
from an employee's HSA. Do not report excess MA MSA
contributions returned to the Secretary of Health and Human
Services or his or her representative.

For HSA or Archer MSA contributions made between January 1,
2019, and April 15, 2019, you should obtain the participant's
designation of the year for which the contributions are made.

Box 2. Earnings on Excess Contributions

For repayment of a mistaken distribution amount, see HSA
mistaken distributions, earlier. Do not treat the repayment as a
contribution on Form 5498-SA.

Enter the total earnings distributed with any excess HSA or Archer
MSA contributions returned by the due date of the account holder's
tax return. Include this amount in box 1. Report earnings on other
distributions only in box 1.

Rollovers

You must report the receipt of a rollover from one Archer MSA to
another Archer MSA, and receipt of a rollover from an Archer MSA
or an HSA to an HSA in box 4.
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Instructions for Forms 1099-SA and 5498-SA (2018)

Transfers

(SSN), individual taxpayer identification number (ITIN), adoption
taxpayer identification number (ATIN), or employer identification
number (EIN)) on payee statements. Truncation is not allowed on
any documents the filer files with the IRS. A trustee's TIN may not be
truncated on any form. See part J in the 2018 General Instructions
for Certain Information Returns.

Total Distribution, No Contributions

The account number is required if you have multiple accounts for a
recipient for whom you are filing more than one Form 5498-SA.
Additionally, the IRS encourages you to designate an account
number for all Forms 5498-SA that you file. See part L in the 2018
General Instructions for Certain Information Returns.

Do not report a trustee-to-trustee transfer from one Archer MSA or
MA MSA to another Archer MSA or MA MSA, from an Archer MSA
to an HSA, or from one HSA to another HSA. For reporting
purposes, contributions and rollovers do not include these transfers.
However, see box 2, later, for the reporting of a trustee-to-trustee
transfer from an IRA to an HSA.

Account Number

Generally, if a total distribution was made from an HSA or Archer
MSA during the year and no contributions were made for that year,
you need not file Form 5498-SA nor furnish a statement to the
participant to reflect that the fair market value (FMV) on December
31 was zero.

Box 1. Employee or Self-Employed Person's
Archer MSA Contributions Made in 2018 and
2019 for 2018

Death of Account Holder

In the year an HSA, Archer MSA, or MA MSA owner dies, generally
you must file a Form 5498-SA and furnish a statement for the
decedent. If the designated beneficiary is the surviving spouse, the
following apply.
The spouse becomes the account holder of the HSA or Archer
MSA.
An MA MSA is treated as an Archer MSA of the spouse for
distribution purposes, but no new contributions may be made to the
account.
If the designated beneficiary is not the spouse or there is no
designated beneficiary, the account ceases to be an HSA, Archer
MSA, or MA MSA.

Enter the employee's or self-employed person's regular
contributions to the Archer MSA made in 2018 and through April 15,
2019, for 2018. Report gross contributions, including any excess
contributions, even if the excess contributions were withdrawn. No
HSA information is to be reported in box 1.

Box 2. Total Contributions Made in 2018

Enter the total HSA or Archer MSA contributions made in 2018.
Include any contribution made in 2018 for 2017. Also include
qualified HSA funding distributions (trustee-to-trustee transfers from
an IRA to an HSA under section 408(d)(9)) received by you during
2018. Any excess employer contributions (and the earnings on
them) withdrawn by the employer pursuant to Notice 2008-59, Q/A
24, available at IRS.gov/irb/2008-29_IRB/ar11.html, should not be
reported as a contribution. You may, but you are not required to,
report the total MA MSA contributions made in 2018 by the
Secretary of Health and Human Services or his or her
representative. Do not include amounts reported in box 4.

Statements to Participants

If you are required to file Form 5498-SA, you must provide a
statement to the participant (generally Copy B) by May 31, 2019.
You may, but you are not required to, provide the participant with a
statement of the December 31, 2018, FMV of the participant's
account by February 1, 2019. For more information about
statements to participants, see part M in the 2018 General
Instructions for Certain Information Returns.
If you furnished a statement of the FMV of the account to the
participant by February 1, 2019, and no reportable contributions,
including rollovers, were made for 2018, you need not furnish
another statement (or Form 5498-SA) to the participant to report
zero contributions. However, you must file Form 5498-SA with the
IRS by May 31, 2019, to report the December 31, 2018, FMV of the
account.

Box 3. Total HSA or Archer MSA Contributions
Made in 2019 for 2018

Enter the total HSA or Archer MSA contributions made in 2019 for
2018.

Box 4. Rollover Contributions

Enter rollover contributions to the HSA or Archer MSA received by
you during 2018. These amounts are not to be included in box 2.

If you do not furnish another statement to the participant
because no reportable contributions were made for the year,
CAUTION the statement of the FMV of the account must contain a
legend designating which information is being furnished to the IRS.

Box 5. Fair Market Value of HSA, Archer MSA, or
MA MSA

!

Enter the FMV of the account on December 31, 2018.

Truncating Participant's TIN on Payee
Statements

Box 6. Checkbox

Check the box to indicate if this account is an HSA, Archer MSA, or
MA MSA.

Pursuant to Treasury Regulations section 301.6109-4, all filers of
this form may truncate a participant's TIN (social security number

Instructions for Forms 1099-SA and 5498-SA (2018)

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