Department of Commerce
United States Census Bureau
OMB Information Collection Request
Annual Capital Expenditures Survey (ACES)
OMB Control Number: 0607-0782
A. Justification
1. Necessity of the Information Collection
A major concern of economic policymakers is the adequacy of investment in plant and equipment. Data on the amount of business expenditures for new plants and equipment and measures of the stock of existing facilities are critical to evaluating productivity growth, the ability of U.S. business to compete with foreign business, changes in industrial capacity, and overall economic performance. The ACES is the sole source of detailed comprehensive statistics on investment in buildings and other structures, machinery, and equipment by private nonfarm businesses in the United States.
Data users need comprehensive and consistent data on investment by all private nonfarm businesses, by industry, by kind of investment, i.e., whether in new or used structures or equipment. The objectives of the ACES are:
(a) to provide estimates of capital expenditures for all private nonfarm sectors of the economy by 3-digit and selected 4-digit North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) levels;
(b) to base the survey on a probability sample that yields measures of the statistical reliability of the survey estimates;
(c) to provide a base survey to benchmark more frequent surveys on capital expenditures that do not have complete industry coverage;
(d) to produce annual enterprise-level data with the level of detail, coverage, and quality which previously was only available as part of the quinquennial economic census;
(e) to provide detail on capital expenditures for estimating the national income and product accounts, estimating the productivity of U.S. industries, evaluating fiscal and monetary policy, and conducting research using capital expenditures data; and
(f) to provide industry analysts with capital expenditures data for market analysis, economic forecasting, identifying business opportunities, product development, and business planning.
The Census Bureau conducts this survey under the authority of Title 13 of the United States Code, Sections 131 and 182. Sections 224 and 225 of Title 13 make this survey mandatory.
This request is for a revision to the currently approved collection and will cover the 2018 through 2020 ACES (conducted in years 2019 through 2021).
Changes from the previous ACES authorization are the elimination of detailed capital expenditures by type of structure and type of equipment, and the collection of capital expenditures for robotic equipment beginning with the 2018 ACES. The detailed capital expenditures data, collected every five years, were collected in the 2017 ACES and will not be collected again until the 2022 ACES.
The Census Bureau will continue collecting data from employer and nonemployer companies solely through electronic reporting. All companies will receive a notification letter (see Attachment B) containing an Authorization Code and will be directed to report online through the Census Bureau’s new Ecorr system (see Attachment C). The online instrument provides respondents the ability to preview and print questions from the ACES worksheet and/or print a record of their response once they have completed the survey (see Attachment A).
The Census Bureau will continue to ask both employer and nonemployer companies to respond to the survey within 30 days. Reminder letters (see Attachment B) and/or telephone calls encouraging participation will continue to be directed to all companies that have not responded by the designated time.
In addition to capital expenditures, all employer businesses will be asked to provide sales and receipts information to calculate industry investment to sales ratios and to assist in verifying that consolidated company data are being reported. Asset and depreciation information, also collected, assists in measuring changes in the nation’s capital stock estimates.
The capital expenditures data collected annually from a sample of nonemployer businesses are intended to better represent the total capital expenditures activity of all firms.
The Census Bureau will collect and publish ACES data based on the 2017 NAICS. Industries in the survey will comprise 3-digit and 4-digit 2017 NAICS codes.
2. Needs and Uses
The ACES is an integral part of the Federal Government’s effort to improve the quality and usefulness of National economic statistics. Federal agencies, including the Census Bureau, use these data to improve and supplement ongoing statistical programs.
The Census Bureau uses the ACES data to improve the quality of monthly economic indicators of investment. The Census Bureau’s Value of New Construction Put in Place survey currently uses the ACES data to benchmark its industrial buildings data.
The Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) uses the ACES annual capital expenditures data for equipment and computer software to prepare estimates of private fixed investment, a major component of gross domestic product (GDP). BEA also uses these data to prepare estimates of investment by industry in the fixed assets accounts (FAAs). Investment in structures from the ACES are used by BEA to prepare the gross domestic output of the construction industries in GDP by industry. Data collected by ACES every five years on industry capital expenditures by type of structure and type of equipment are critical inputs for preparing benchmarked estimates of private fixed investment in the national income and product accounts (NIPA), the input-output accounts, and the FAAs.
The Federal Reserve Board (FRB) uses the ACES data to improve estimates of investment indicators for monetary policy. The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) uses the ACES data to improve estimates of capital stocks for productivity analysis and the detailed types of structures and types of equipment data collected every five years to improve estimates of manufacturing multifactor productivity measures.
The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) use the data to produce annual estimates of investment in private structures and private equipment put in place by the healthcare sector. The Department of the Treasury uses the data in analysis of depreciation. In addition, the ACES data provide industry analysts with capital expenditures data for market analysts, economic forecasting, identifying business opportunities, product development, and business planning. The capital expenditures by type of structure and type of equipment are critical to ensuring the appropriateness of capital expenditures statistics in years detailed data by types of structures and types of equipment are not collected.
There are currently few official measures of technology adoption and use by U.S. businesses that support analysis of the scale and direction of the impact of technology on businesses and the workforce. The Census Bureau is introducing measures of technology adoption and use across several surveys, including adding questions on robotics to the ACES. Areas of research using this data may include the types of firms that use robotics, characteristics of particular industries that may be more (or less) likely to invest in robotic equipment, how the adoption of this equipment complements or substitutes for labor, and the how these data affect productivity measures.
Information quality is an integral part of the pre-dissemination review of information disseminated by the Census Bureau (fully described in the Census Bureau’s Information Quality Guidelines). Information quality is also integral to the information collections conducted by the Census Bureau and is incorporated into the clearance process required by the Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA).
3. Use of Information Technology
Beginning with the 2006 ACES, electronic reporting was offered to all respondents using an encrypted Internet data collection system as a substitute for the paper form mailed to all companies. For the 2018 – 2020 ACES, the Census Bureau will continue collecting data from employer and nonemployer companies solely through electronic reporting.
4. Efforts to Identify Duplication
The ACES is the only survey that provides annual capital investment data on a consistent basis for all private nonfarm businesses in the United States, by the investing industries, and by new and used structures and equipment. During 1995 and 1996, the Census Bureau assembled a team of its survey managers to review several of its programs that collect investment data and proposed to eliminate all but essential duplication of capital expenditures data on its surveys. This effort revealed that although the collection of selected components of investment data occurred on various Census Bureau surveys, none of these surveys aimed at creating combined comprehensive investment statistics. Most of the programs reviewed serve multiple purposes of which investment data are only a part. The surveys are also conducted at different frequencies; the reporting units vary from enterprise to establishment; and the amount of detail is limited.
In the Annual Survey of Manufactures (ASM), for example, aggregated annual capital expenditures data were available on an establishment basis for manufacturing industries. However, the survey excluded all but essential control totals at the 6-digit NAICS level.
There are no capital expenditures questions on the annual surveys covering the wholesale, retail, and services sectors, which are generally conducted at the Employer Identification Number (EIN) level. To add such questions to all these surveys would be extremely burdensome to respondents. Also, large companies often make decisions about investment not at the establishment or EIN level but at the corporate level.
The Economic Census, conducted every 5 years, also does not collect detailed data on capital expenditures for manufacturing and mineral industries. Only essential control totals for the 6-digit NAICS level are retained.
No capital expenditures questions are included in the economic census covering the wholesale, retail, and services sectors, with the exception of the information sector. Selected industries in the information sector collect data on capital expenditures for new construction, including renovation because these data are considered essential to that program.
To identify other available sources of data, we have also reviewed requirements for reporting to the Securities and Exchange Commission and regulatory requirements for utilities companies. While these sources require data on capital expenditures, they do not provide comprehensive and consistent data, nor are the data presented in the detail provided by the ACES.
The 2018 ACES will collect expenditures for both industrial and service robotics at the company level across 19 NAICS sectors. The 2018 ASM is specifically measuring investment in industrial robotics. The Annual Business Survey (ABS) will collect the use and production of robotics but not investment in this technology.
5. Minimizing Burden
To minimize reporting burden on small businesses, we limit the sample size to the smallest size necessary to provide statistically reliable estimates. We also select a new sample each year to reduce the likelihood of a business being asked to respond to the survey more than once in a 5-year period. Our sampling methodology minimizes the probability of selection for any individual small or mid-sized business. (See Sections B.1 and B.2.a. for additional detail). Further, we only ask detailed capital expenditures by type of structure and type of equipment once every five years.
6. Consequences of Less Frequent Collection
ACES data are collected annually. Collecting the data less frequently would seriously impair their usefulness as a trend estimator of investment and as a benchmark for the national income and product accounts and estimates of capital stocks. Data on investment by types of structures and types of equipment are collected once in a 5-year period, with the next collection planned for the 2022 survey.
7. Special Circumstances
There are no special circumstances.
8. Consultations Outside the Agency
During development of the ACES, the Census Bureau conducted extensive pre-testing, a response analysis survey, and a comprehensive program evaluation. In addition, we consulted with data users and respondents. Based on these consultations, we modified the survey’s information collection instruments and abandoned our plan for the annual collection of detailed data on types of structures and types of equipment.
We hold periodic discussions about the content and nature of the ACES with data users at the BEA, FRB, BLS, and the Department of the Treasury. Based on these discussions, in particular with the BEA, we issued the “Technical Note on New Capital Expenditures Survey” to accompany the 1993 survey publication. Since the issuance of the technical note, we continually review data discrepancies between the BEA’s estimate of nonresidential fixed investment and the Census Bureau’s estimate of new structures and new equipment from the ACES. When appropriate, we modify the ACES collection instruments to minimize these discrepancies.
The Census Bureau consults periodically with the following data users:
Bureau of Economic Analysis
Dennis Fixler (301) 278-9607
Chief Economist
Erich H. Strassner (301) 278-9612
Associate Director for National Economic Accounts
David Wasshausen (301) 278-9752
Chief, National Income & Wealth Division
Robert Kornfeld (301) 278-9285
Deputy Chief, National Income and Wealth Division
Federal Reserve Board
Norman Morin (202) 452-2476
Assistant Director and Chief, Industrial Output Section
Division of Research and Statistics
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Lucy P. Eldridge (202) 691-6598
Associate Commissioner for Productivity and Technology
Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services
Stephen Heffler (410) 786-1211 Director, National Health Statistics Group
Office of the Actuary
Aaron Catlin (410) 786-3138
Associate Director, National Health Statistics Group
Office of the Actuary
Information from any outside individuals or entities was received on an informal basis and was not designed to provide a group consensus.
In March 2018, we informed data users at the BEA, FRB, and BLS about our intentions to collect expenditures for robotic equipment on the 2018 ACES. All expressed interest in our collection of the data and their intended uses of the estimates.
The 2018 ACES presubmission notice was published in the Federal Register on July 16, 2018 (Volume 83, Number 136) Page 32832, inviting public comments on our plans to submit this request. The presubmission notice closed September 14, 2018. We received comments from the BEA, BLS, and CMS (see Attachment D) supporting the continued collection of the ACES.
9. Paying Respondents
We do not pay respondents or provide them gifts.
10. Assurance of Confidentiality
The letter sent to respondents directing them to report online will provide the following assurance of confidentiality:
YOUR RESPONSE IS REQUIRED BY LAW. Title 13, United States Code, Sections 131 and 182, authorize this collection. Sections 224 and 225 require your response. The U.S. Census Bureau is required by Section 9 of the same law to keep your information confidential and can use your responses only to produce statistics. The Census Bureau is not permitted to publicly release your responses in a way that could identify your business, organization, or institution. Per the Federal Cybersecurity Enhancement Act of 2015, your data are protected from cybersecurity risks through screening of the systems that transmit your data.
Similar guarantees will be included in the electronic reporting instruments.
11. Justification for Sensitive Questions
There are no sensitive questions.
12. Estimate of Hour Burden
The estimate of total respondent burden hours for the 2018 - 2020 ACES
(conducted in fiscal years 2019 - 2021) is 159,134 hours. The burden hours is an
average imposed by this collection over the next 3 years and was derived as
follows:
Survey forms Hours per Burden
response hours
FY 2019 27,403 Form ACE-1(S) 2.16 1 59,190
22,177 Form ACE-1(M) 3.25 1 72,075
547 Form ACE-1(L) 16.50 1 9,026
20,000 Form ACE-2 1.0 20,000
Fiscal year total: 160,291 hours
Average for 50,127 ACE-1 responses: 2.79 hours
Average for 20,000 ACE-2 responses: 1.0 hour
Average for all 70,127 responses: 2.29 hours
________________________
The difference in hours per response is due to the expected number of industry categories reported by companies. Highly diversified companies will report a greater number of industries.
Survey forms Hours per Burden
response hours
FY 2020 27,403 Form ACE-1(S) 2.16 1 59,190
22,177 Form ACE-1(M) 3.18 1 70,455
547 Form ACE-1(L) 16.33 1 8,933
20,000 Form ACE-2 1.0 20,000
Fiscal year total: 158,578 hours
Average for 50,127 ACE-1 responses: 2.76 hours
Average for 20,000 ACE-2 responses: 1.0 hour
Average for all 70,127 responses: 2.26 hours
Survey forms Hours per Burden
response hours
FY 2021 27,403 Form ACE-1(S) 2.16 1 59,190
22,177 Form ACE-1(M) 3.18 1 70,455
547 Form ACE-1(L) 16.25 1 8,889
20,000 Form ACE-2 1.0 20,000
Fiscal year total: 158,534 hours
Average for 50,127 ACE-1 responses: 2.76 hours
Average for 20,000 ACE-2 responses: 1.0 hour
Average for all 70,127 responses: 2.26 hours
These burden hour estimates are based on estimates of the average time required
to complete the survey as reported in the response analysis survey conducted during the pre-testing of the ACES, on conversations and correspondence with respondents, and on estimates of time required to complete similar surveys conducted by the Census Bureau. We adjust our estimates to account for the modification of data items collected.
________________________
The difference in hours per response is due to the expected number of industry categories reported by companies. Highly diversified companies will report a greater number of industries.
Approximately 50,127 employer companies will receive a letter directing them to complete an electronic version of the Form ACE-1 that is tailored to the company’s diversity of operations and number of industries with payroll. About 547 of the companies that will be asked to complete the electronic version of the Form
ACE-1(L) are highly diversified. We expect them to report expenditures for 9 or more industry categories. Approximately 22,177 companies that will be asked to complete the electronic version of the Form ACE-1(M) are engaged in fewer industries. We expect these companies to report expenditures for 1 to 8 industry categories. The decrease in burden hours for the ACE-1(M) and ACE-1(L) for the 2020 and 2021 fiscal year is based on the respondent’s ability to retrieve the expenditures for robotic equipment from their records. The remaining 27,403 companies that will be asked to complete the electronic version of the Form ACE-1(S) generally will be active in one industry. A total of about 20,000 nonemployer companies will be asked to complete the online version of the Form ACE-2. No industry level data are requested from these companies.
The total cost to all respondents is estimated to be $5.3 million annually for fiscal years 2019 – 2021 based on the median hourly wage of $33.34 for accountants and auditors obtained from the Occupational Employment Statistics from the Bureau of Labor Statistics multiplied by the annual burden hours (159,134).
13. Estimate of Cost Burden
We do not expect respondents to incur any costs other than that of their time to respond. The information requested is of the type and scope normally carried in company records and no special hardware or accounting software or system is necessary to provide answers to this information collection. Therefore, respondents are not expected to incur any capital and start-up costs or system maintenance costs in responding. Further, purchasing of outside accounting or information collection services, if performed by the respondent, is part of usual and customary business practices and not specifically required for this information collection.
14. Cost to Federal Government
We estimate the total cost to the government of the survey to be $4.8 million per fiscal year 2019, 2020, and 2021, all borne by the Census Bureau. The activities covered by the cost include data collection, processing, review of reported data, publication, equipment, overhead, and support staff. The Capital Expenditures Branch of the Economy-Wide Statistics Division has planned and allocated resources for the effective and efficient management of this information collection. An all electronic data collection eliminates the cost of printing forms and instruction manuals, reduces
cost of postage, and eliminates the cost of keying data from a paper collection instrument.
15. Reason for Change in Burden
We estimate approximately 15,221 burden hours less will be needed. This decrease is due to not collecting detailed capital expenditures by type of structure and type of equipment during this information collection request. The next time the detailed capital expenditures will be collected will be for the year 2022. The collection of capital expenditures for robotic equipment beginning with the 2018 survey will result in a slight increase in burden hours compared to the previous years in which the detailed data was not collected.
16. Project Schedule
The survey to collect 2018 data will begin in March 2019. Data collection for 2018 will occur from March 2019 through December 2019. Data will be processed using Census Bureau computer equipment. Census Bureau analysts will review the response data and the tabulated data for reasonableness. We estimate that the review process will continue through January 2020. The data will be released in early 2020.
17. Request to Not Display Expiration Date
The assigned expiration date will be displayed in the electronic reporting system.
18. Exceptions to the Certification
There are no exceptions to the certification.
19. NAICS Codes Affected
The survey covers all private nonfarm businesses within the following NAICS
sectors:
Title NAICS Sectors
Forestry, Logging, Fishing, Hunting, Trapping, and
Agricultural Support Activities 113-115 Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction 21
Utilities 22
Construction 23
Manufacturing 31-33
Wholesale Trade 42
Retail Trade 44-45
Transportation and Warehousing (except Postal Service) 48, 492,493
Information 51
Finance and Insurance 52
Real Estate and Rental and Leasing 53
Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services 54
Management of Companies and Enterprises 55
Administrative and Support and Waste Management
and Remediation Services 56
Educational Services 61
Health Care and Social Assistance 62
Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation 71
Accommodation and Food Services 72
Other Services (except Private Households and
Public Administration) 811-813
Employer companies are asked to report information for industry categories at the 3-digit and selected 4-digit NAICS levels. The industry categories for each company are provided in the electronic data collection instrument. We ask each company to review the industries and correct them, if necessary, using the list of industry categories that appear in the online reporting system or the instruction manual.
| File Type | application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document |
| Author | William E Gainor |
| File Modified | 0000-00-00 |
| File Created | 2021-01-20 |