APPENDIX 6_Legal Authority - National Agriculture Research, Extension, & Teach Policy Act of 1977

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4. NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, EXTENSION,
AND TEACHING POLICY ACT OF 1977
[As Amended Through Public Law 107–293, Nov. 13, 2002]

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4. NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, EXTENSION,
AND TEACHING POLICY ACT OF 1977
ENACTED
OF THE

FOOD

AND

AS

TITLE XIV

AGRICULTURE ACT

OF

1977

(Public Law 95–113; Sept. 29, 1977)
[Note: Only freestanding provisions are included in this compilation.]

TABLE
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OF

CONTENTS 1
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TITLE XIV—NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, EXTENSION, AND
TEACHING POLICY ACT OF 1977
Sec. 1401. Short title.
Subtitle A—Findings, Purposes, and Definitions
Sec. 1402. Purposes of agricultural research, extension, and education.
Sec. 1403. Additional purposes of agricultural research and extension.
Sec. 1404. Definitions.
Subtitle B—Coordination and Planning of Agricultural Research, Extension, and
Teaching
Sec. 1405. Responsibilities of the Secretary and Department of Agriculture.
øSec. 1406. Omitted.¿
øSec. 1407. Repealed.¿
Sec. 1408. National agricultural research, extension, education, and economics advisory board.
øSec. 1408A. Repealed¿
Sec. 1409. Existing research programs.
Sec. 1409A. Federal-State partnership and coordination.
Sec. 1410. Secretary’s report.
Sec. 1410A. National Agricultural Library.
Sec. 1411. Libraries and information network.
Sec. 1412. Support for Advisory Board.
Sec. 1413. General provisions.
Sec. 1413A. Accountability.
Sec. 1413B. Federal advisory committee act exemption for competitive research, extension, and education programs.
Subtitle C—Agricultural Research and Education Grants and Fellowships
øSec. 1414. Omitted.¿
Sec. 1415. Grants to enhance research capacity in schools of veterinary medicine.
øSec. 1416. Omitted.¿
Sec. 1417. Grants and fellowships for food and agricultural sciences education.
Sec. 1418. National agricultural science award.
1 This table of contents is up-to-date and is included for the convenience of the reader. The
original table of contents for the title is found at the beginning of the Food and Agriculture Act
of 1977, but has not been kept up-to-date.

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RESEARCH ACT OF 1977

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Sec. 1419. Grants for research on the production and marketing of alcohols and industrial hydrocarbons from agricultural commodities and forest products.
Sec. 1419A. Policy research centers.
øSec. 1420. Omitted.¿
Subtitle D—National Food and Human Nutrition Research and Extension Program
Sec. 1421. Findings and declarations.
Sec. 1422. Duties of the Secretary of Agriculture.
Sec. 1423. Research by the Department of Agriculture.
Sec. 1424. Human nutrition intervention and health promotion research program.
Sec. 1424A. Pilot research program to combine medical and agricultural research.
Sec. 1425. Nutrition education program.
øSec. 1426. Repealed.¿
Sec. 1428. Nutritional status monitoring.
Subtitle E—Animal Health and Disease Research
Sec. 1429. Purposes and findings relating to animal health and disease research.
Sec. 1430. Definitions.
Sec. 1431. Authorization to the Secretary of Agriculture.
øSec. 1432. Repealed.¿
Sec. 1433. Appropriations for continuing animal health and disease research programs.
Sec. 1434. Appropriations for research on national or regional problems.
Sec. 1435. Availability of appropriated funds.
Sec. 1436. Withholding of appropriated funds.
Sec. 1437. Requirements for use of funds.
Sec. 1438. Matching funds.
Sec. 1439. Allocations under this subtitle not substitutions.
Subtitle F—Small Farm Research and Extension
øSecs. 1440 through 1443 consisted of amendments.¿
Subtitle G—1890 Land-Grant College Funding
Sec. 1444. Extension at 1890 land-grant colleges, including Tuskegee Institute.
Sec. 1445. Agricultural research at 1890 land-grant colleges, including Tuskegee Institute.
øSec. 1446. Repealed.¿
Sec. 1447. Grants to upgrade agricultural and food sciences facilities at 1890 landgrant colleges, including Tuskegee University.
Sec. 1448. National research and training centennial centers.
Sec. 1449. Matching funds requirement for research and extension activities at eligible institutions.
Subtitle H—Programs for Hispanic-Serving Institutions
Sec. 1455. Education grants programs for hispanic-serving institutions.
Subtitle I—International Research, Extension, and Teaching
Sec. 1458. International agricultural research, extension, and teaching.
øSec. 1458A. Repealed.¿
Sec. 1459. United States-Mexico joint agricultural research.
Sec. 1459A. Competitive grants for international agricultural science and education
programs.
Subtitle J—Studies
øSecs. Repealed.¿
Subtitle K—Funding and Miscellaneous Provisions
Sec. 1462. Limitation on indirect costs for agricultural research, education, and extension programs.
Sec. 1462A. Research equipment grants.
Sec. 1463. Authorization for appropriations for existing and certain new agricultural
research programs.
Sec. 1464. Authorization for appropriations for extension education.
øSec. 1465. Omitted.¿
øSec. 1466. Omitted.¿

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RESEARCH ACT OF 1977

Sec. 1402

Sec. 1467. Payment of funds.
øSec. 1468. Repealed.¿
Sec. 1469. Auditing, reporting, bookkeeping, and administrative requirements.
Sec. 1469A. Availability of competitive grant funds.
Sec. 1470. Rules and regulations.
Sec. 1471. Program evaluation studies.
Sec. 1472. General authority to enter into contracts, grants, and cooperative agreements.
Sec. 1473. Restriction on treatment of indirect costs and tuition remission.
Sec. 1473A. Cost-reimbursable agreements.
Sec. 1473B. Joint requests for proposals.
Sec. 1473D. Supplemental and alternative crops.
Subtitle L—Aquaculture
Sec. 1474. Purpose.
Sec. 1475. Aquaculture assistance programs.
øSec. 1476. Repealed.¿
Sec. 1477. Authorization for appropriations.
Subtitle M—Rangeland Research
Sec. 1478. Purpose.
Sec. 1479. Rangeland research program.
Sec. 1480. Rangeland research grants.
øSec. 1481. Repealed.¿
øSec. 1482. Repealed.¿
Sec. 1483. Appropriations.
Subtitle N—Biosecurity
Sec. 1484. Special authorization for biosecurity planning and response.
Sec. 1485. Agriculture research facility expansion and security upgrades.
Subtitle O—Institutions of Higher Education in Insular Areas
Sec. 1489. Definition.
Sec. 1490. Distance education grants for insular areas.
Sec. 1491. Resident instruction grants for insular areas.

TITLE XIV—NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH,
EXTENSION, AND TEACHING POLICY ACT OF 1977
SHORT TITLE

SEC. 1401. ø7 U.S.C. 3101 note¿ This title may be cited as the
‘‘National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy
Act of 1977’’.
Subtitle A—Findings, Purposes, and Definitions
SEC. 1402. ø7 U.S.C. 3101¿ PURPOSES OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH,
EXTENSION, AND EDUCATION.

The purposes of federally supported agricultural research,
extension, and education are to—
(1) enhance the competitiveness of the United States agriculture and food industry in an increasingly competitive world
environment;
(2) increase the long-term productivity of the United
States agriculture and food industry while maintaining and enhancing the natural resource base on which rural America and
the United States agricultural economy depend;
(3) develop new uses and new products for agricultural
commodities, such as alternative fuels, and develop new crops;
(4) support agricultural research and extension to promote
economic opportunity in rural communities and to meet the in-

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RESEARCH ACT OF 1977

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creasing demand for information and technology transfer
throughout the United States agriculture industry;
(5) improve risk management in the United States agriculture industry;
(6) improve the safe production and processing of, and adding of value to, United States food and fiber resources using
methods that maintain the balance between yield and environmental soundness;
(7) support higher education in agriculture to give the next
generation of Americans the knowledge, technology, and applications necessary to enhance the competitiveness of United
States agriculture; and
(8) maintain an adequate, nutritious, and safe supply of
food to meet human nutritional needs and requirements.
SEC. 1403. ø7 U.S.C. 3102¿ ADDITIONAL PURPOSES OF AGRICULTURAL
RESEARCH AND EXTENSION.

The purposes of this title are to—
(1) establish firmly the Department of Agriculture as the
lead agency in the Federal Government for the food and agricultural sciences, and to emphasize that agricultural research,
extension, and teaching are distinct missions of the Department of Agriculture;
(2) undertake the special measures set forth in this title to
improve the coordination and planning of agricultural research, extension, and teaching programs, identify needs and
establish priorities for these programs, assure that national
agricultural research, extension, and teaching objectives are
fully achieved, and assure that the results of agricultural research are effectively communicated and demonstrated to
farmers, processors, handlers, consumers, and all other users
who can benefit therefrom;
(3) increase cooperation and coordination in the performance of agricultural research by Federal departments and
agencies, the States, State agricultural experiment stations,
colleges and universities, and user groups;
(4) enable the Federal Government, the States, colleges
and universities, and others to implement needed agricultural
research, extension, and teaching programs through the establishment of new programs and the improvement of existing
programs, as provided for in this title;
(5) establish a new program of grants for high-priority
agricultural research to be awarded on the basis of competition
among research workers and all colleges and universities;
(6) establish a new program of grants for facilities and
instrumentation used in agricultural research; and
(7) establish a new program of education grants and fellowships to strengthen research, extension and teaching programs in the food and agricultural sciences, to be awarded on
the basis of competition.
DEFINITIONS

SEC. 1404. ø7 U.S.C. 3103¿ When used in this title:

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RESEARCH ACT OF 1977

Sec. 1404

(1) The term ‘‘Advisory Board’’ means the National Agricultural Research, Extension, Education, and Economics Advisory Board.
(2) The term ‘‘agricultural research’’ means research in the
food and agricultural sciences.
(3) The term ‘‘aquaculture’’ means the propagation and
rearing of aquacultural species, including, but not limited to,
any species of finfish, mollusk, or crustacean (or other aquatic
invertebrate), amphibian, reptile, ornamental fish, or aquatic
plant, in controlled or selected environments.
(4) The terms ‘‘college’’ and ‘‘university’’ mean an educational institution in any State which (A) admits as regular
students only persons having a certificate of graduation from
a school providing secondary education, or the recognized
equivalent of such a certificate, (B) is legally authorized within
such State to provide a program of education beyond secondary
education, (C) provides an educational program for which a
bachelor’s degree or any other higher degree is awarded, (D) is
a public or other nonprofit institution, and (E) is accredited by
a nationally recognized accrediting agency or association.
(5) The term ‘‘cooperative extension services’’ means the
organizations established at the land-grant colleges and universities under the Smith-Lever Act of May 8, 1914 (38 Stat.
372–374, as amended; 7 U.S.C. 341–349), and section 209(b) of
the Act of October 26, 1974 (88 Stat. 1428, as amended; D.C.
Code, sec. 31–1719(b)).
(6) The term ‘‘Department of Agriculture’’ means the
United States Department of Agriculture.
(7) The term ‘‘extension’’ means the informal education
programs conducted in the States in cooperation with the
Department of Agriculture.
(8) FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES.—The term ‘‘food
and agricultural sciences’’ means basic, applied, and developmental research, extension, and teaching activities in food and
fiber, agricultural, renewable natural resources, forestry, and
physical and social sciences, including activities relating to the
following:
(A) Animal health, production, and well-being.
(B) Plant health and production.
(C) Animal and plant germ plasm collection and preservation.
(D) Aquaculture.
(E) Food safety.
(F) Soil and water conservation and improvement.
(G) Forestry, horticulture, and range management.
(H) Nutritional sciences and promotion.
(I) Farm enhancement, including financial management, input efficiency, and profitability.
(J) Home economics.
(K) Rural human ecology.
(L) Youth development and agricultural education, including 4–H clubs.

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(M) Expansion of domestic and international markets
for agricultural commodities and products, including agricultural trade barrier identification and analysis.
(N) Information management and technology transfer
related to agriculture.
(O) Biotechnology related to agriculture.
(P) The processing, distributing, marketing, and utilization of food and agricultural products.
(9) The term ‘‘Hispanic-serving institution’’ has the meaning given the term by section 316(b)(1) of the Higher Education
Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059c(b)(1)).
(10) INSULAR AREA.—The term ‘‘insular area’’ means—
(A) the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico;
(B) Guam;
(C) American Samoa;
(D) the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands;
(E) the Federated States of Micronesia;
(F) the Republic of the Marshall Islands;
(G) the Republic of Palau; and
(H) the Virgin Islands of the United States.
(11) The term ‘‘land-grant colleges and universities’’ means
those institutions eligible to receive funds under the Act of
July 2, 1862 (12 Stat. 503–505, as amended; 7 U.S.C. 301–305,
307 and 308), or the Act of August 30, 1890 (26 Stat. 417–419,
as amended; 7 U.S.C. 321–326 and 328), including Tuskegee
University.
(12) The term ‘‘Secretary’’ means the Secretary of Agriculture of the United States.
(13) STATE.—The term ‘‘State’’ means—
(A) a State;
(B) the District of Columbia; and
(C) any insular area.
(14) The term ‘‘State agricultural experiment stations’’
means those institutions eligible to receive funds under the Act
of March 2, 1887 (24 Stat. 440–442, as amended; 7 U.S.C.
361a–361i).
(15) TEACHING AND EDUCATION.—The terms ‘‘teaching’’ and
‘‘education’’ mean formal classroom instruction, laboratory
instruction, and practicum experience in the food and agricultural sciences and matters relating thereto (such as faculty
development, student recruitment and services, curriculum
development, instructional materials and equipment, and innovative teaching methodologies) conducted by colleges and universities offering baccalaureate or higher degrees.
(16) The term ‘‘cooperating forestry schools’’ means those
institutions eligible to receive funds under the Act of October
10, 1962 (16 U.S.C. 582a et seq.), commonly known as the
McIntire-Stennis Act of 1962.
(17) The term ‘‘State cooperative institutions’’ or ‘‘State cooperative agents’’ means institutions or agents designated by—
(A) the Act of July 2, 1862 (7 U.S.C. 301 et seq.), commonly known as the First Morrill Act;

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RESEARCH ACT OF 1977

Sec. 1405

(B) the Act of August 30, 1890 (7 U.S.C. 321 et seq.),
commonly known as the Second Morrill Act, including
Tuskegee University;
(C) the Act of March 2, 1887 (7 U.S.C. 361a et seq.),
commonly known as the Hatch Act of 1887;
(D) the Act of May 8, 1914 (7 U.S.C. 341 et seq.), commonly known as the Smith-Lever Act;
(E) the Act of October 10, 1962 (16 U.S.C. 582a et
seq.), commonly known as the McIntire-Stennis Act of
1962; and
(F) subtitles E, G, L, and M of this title.
(18) The term ‘‘sustainable agriculture’’ means an integrated system of plant and animal production practices having
a site-specific application that will, over the long-term—
(A) satisfy human food and fiber needs;
(B) enhance environmental quality and the natural resource base upon which the agriculture economy depends;
(C) make the most efficient use of nonrenewable resources and on-farm resources and integrate, where appropriate, natural biological cycles and controls;
(D) sustain the economic viability of farm operations;
and
(E) enhance the quality of life for farmers and society
as a whole.
Subtitle B—Coordination and Planning of Agricultural Research,
Extension, and Teaching
RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE SECRETARY AND DEPARTMENT OF
AGRICULTURE

SEC. 1405. ø7 U.S.C. 3121¿ The Department of Agriculture is
designated as the lead agency of the Federal Government for agricultural research (except with respect to the biomedical aspects of
human nutrition concerned with diagnosis or treatment of disease),
extension, and teaching in the food and agricultural sciences, and
the Secretary, in carrying out the Secretary’s responsibilities,
shall—
(1) establish jointly with the Secretary of Health and
Human Services procedures for coordination with respect to
nutrition research in areas of mutual interest;
(2) keep informed of developments in, and the Nation’s
need for, research, extension, teaching, and manpower development in the food and agricultural sciences and represent such
need in deliberations within the Department of Agriculture,
elsewhere within the executive branch of the United States
Government, and with the several States and their designated
land-grant colleges and universities, other colleges and universities, agricultural and related industries, and other interested
institutions and groups;
(3) coordinate all agricultural research, extension, and
teaching activity conducted or financed by the Department of
Agriculture and, to the maximum extent practicable, by other

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agencies of the executive branch of the United States Government;
(4) take the initiative in establishing coordination of StateFederal cooperative agricultural research, extension, and
teaching programs, funded in whole or in part by the Department of Agriculture in each State, through the administrative
heads of land-grant colleges and universities and the State
directors of agricultural experiment stations and cooperative
extension services, and other appropriate program administrators;
(5) consult the Advisory Board and appropriate advisory
committees of the Department of Agriculture in the formulation of basic policies, goals, strategies, and priorities for programs of agricultural research, extension, and teaching;
(6) report (as a part of the Department of Agriculture’s annual budget submissions) to the House Committee on Agriculture, the House Committee on Appropriations, the Senate
Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, and the
Senate Committee on Appropriations actions taken or proposed
to support the recommendations of the Advisory Board;
(7) establish appropriate review procedures to assure that
agricultural research projects are timely and properly reported
and published and that there is no unnecessary duplication of
effort or overlapping between agricultural research units;
(8) establish Federal or cooperative multidisciplinary research teams on major agricultural research problems with
clearly defined leadership, budget responsibility, and research
programs;
(9) in order to promote the coordination of agricultural research of the Department of Agriculture, conduct a continuing
inventory of ongoing and completed research projects being
conducted within or funded by the Department;
(10) coordinate all agricultural research, extension, and
teaching activities conducted or financed by the Department of
Agriculture with the periodic renewable resource assessment
and program provided for in sections 3 and 4 of the Forest and
Rangeland Renewable Resources Planning Act of 1974 and the
appraisal and program provided for in sections 5 and 6 of the
Soil and Water Resources Conservation Act of 1977;
(11) coordinate the efforts of States, State cooperative
institutions, State extension services, the Advisory Board, and
other appropriate institutions in assessing the current status
of, and developing a plan for, the effective transfer of new technologies, including biotechnology, to the farming community,
with particular emphasis on addressing the unique problems of
small- and medium-sized farms in gaining information about
those technologies; and
(12) establish appropriate controls with respect to the
development and use of the application of biotechnology to
agriculture.
øSection 1406 omitted—amendment¿
øSection 1407 repealed by section 852(a) of P.L. 104–127, 110
Stat. 1171.¿

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RESEARCH ACT OF 1977

Sec. 1408

SEC. 1408. ø7 U.S.C. 3123¿ NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH,
EXTENSION, EDUCATION, AND ECONOMICS ADVISORY
BOARD.
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary shall establish within the

Department of Agriculture a board to be known as the ‘‘National
Agricultural Research, Extension, Education, and Economics Advisory Board’’.
(b) MEMBERSHIP.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Advisory Board shall consist of 31
members, appointed by the Secretary.
(2) SELECTION OF MEMBERS.—The Secretary shall appoint
members of the Advisory Board from nominations submitted
by organizations, associations, societies, councils, federations,
groups, and companies fitting the criteria specified in paragraph (3).
(3) MEMBERSHIP CATEGORIES.—The Advisory Board shall
consist of members from each of the following categories:
(A) 1 member representing a national farm organization.
(B) 1 member representing farm cooperatives.
(C) 1 member actively engaged in the production of a
food animal commodity.
(D) 1 member actively engaged in the production of a
plant commodity.
(E) 1 member representing a national animal commodity organization.
(F) 1 member representing a national crop commodity
organization.
(G) 1 member representing a national aquaculture
association.
(H) 1 member representing a national food animal
science society.
(I) 1 member representing a national crop, soil, agronomy, horticulture, or weed science society.
(J) 1 member representing a national food science
organization.
(K) 1 member representing a national human health
association.
(L) 1 member representing a national nutritional
science society.
(M) 1 member representing the land-grant colleges
and universities eligible to receive funds under the Act of
July 2, 1862 (7 U.S.C. 301 et seq.).
(N) 1 member representing the land-grant colleges and
universities eligible to receive funds under the Act of August 30, 1890 (7 U.S.C. 321 et seq.), including Tuskegee
University.
(O) 1 member representing the 1994 Institutions (as
defined in section 532 of the Equity in Educational LandGrant Status Act of 1994 (Public Law 103–382; 7 U.S.C.
301 note)).
(P) 1 member representing Hispanic-serving institutions.

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(Q) 1 member representing the American Colleges of
Veterinary Medicine.
(R) 1 member representing a non-land grant college or
university with a historic commitment to research in the
food and agricultural sciences.
(S) 1 member representing that portion of the scientific community not closely associated with agriculture.
(T) 1 member engaged in the transportation of food
and agricultural products to domestic and foreign markets.
(U) 1 member representing food retailing and marketing interests.
(V) 1 member representing food and fiber processors.
(W) 1 member actively engaged in rural economic
development.
(X) 1 member representing a national consumer interest group.
(Y) 1 member representing a national forestry group.
(Z) 1 member representing a national conservation or
natural resource group.
(AA) 1 member representing private sector organizations involved in international development.
(BB) 1 member representing an agency within the
Department of Agriculture that lacks research capabilities.
(CC) 1 member representing a research agency of the
Federal Government (other than the Department of Agriculture).
(DD) 1 member representing a national social science
association.
(EE) 1 member representing national organizations directly concerned with agricultural research, education, and
extension.
(4) EX OFFICIO MEMBERS.—The Secretary, the Under Secretary of Agriculture for Research, Education, and Economics,
the Administrator of the Agricultural Research Service, the
Administrator of the Cooperative State Research, Education,
and Extension Service, the Administrator of the Economic Research Service, and the Administrator of the National Agricultural Statistics Service shall serve as ex officio members of the
Advisory Board.
(5) OFFICERS.—At the first meeting of the Advisory Board
each year, the members shall elect from among the members
of the Advisory Board a chairperson, vice chairperson, and 7
additional members to serve on the executive committee established under paragraph (6).
(6) EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE.—The Advisory Board shall
establish an executive committee charged with the responsibility of working with the Secretary and officers and employees
of the Department of Agriculture to summarize and disseminate the recommendations of the Advisory Board.
(7) EQUAL REPRESENTATION OF PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR
MEMBERS.—In appointing members to serve on the Advisory
Board, the Secretary shall ensure, to the maximum extent
practicable, equal representation of public and private sector
members.

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Sec. 1408

(c) DUTIES.—The Advisory Board shall—
(1) review and provide consultation to the Secretary, landgrant colleges and universities, and the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives, the Committee on
Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate, the Subcommittee on Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug
Administration and Related Agencies of the Committee on
Appropriations of the House of Representatives, and the Subcommittee on Agriculture, Rural Development and Related
Agencies of the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate on
long-term and short-term national policies and priorities, as set
forth in section 1402, relating to agricultural research, extension, education, and economics;
(2) evaluate the results and effectiveness of agricultural research, extension, education, and economics with respect to the
policies and priorities;
(3) review and make recommendations to the Under Secretary of Agriculture for Research, Education, and Economics
on the research, extension, education, and economics portion of
the draft strategic plan required under section 306 of title 5,
United States Code; and
(4) review the mechanisms of the Department of Agriculture for technology assessment (which should be conducted
by qualified professionals) for the purposes of—
(A) performance measurement and evaluation of the
implementation by the Secretary of the strategic plan required under section 306 of title 5, United States Code;
(B) implementation of the national research policies
and priorities set forth in section 1402; and
(C) the development of mechanisms for the assessment
of emerging public and private agricultural research and
technology transfer initiatives.
(d) CONSULTATION.—
(1) DUTIES OF ADVISORY BOARD.—In carrying out this section, the Advisory Board shall consult with any appropriate
agencies of the Department of Agriculture and solicit opinions
and recommendations from persons who will benefit from and
use federally funded agricultural research, extension, education, and economics.
(2) DUTIES OF SECRETARY.—To comply with a provision of
this title or any other law that requires the Secretary to consult or cooperate with the Advisory Board or that authorizes
the Advisory Board to submit recommendations to the Secretary, the Secretary shall—
(A) solicit the written opinions and recommendations
of the Advisory Board; and
(B) provide a written response to the Advisory Board
regarding the manner and extent to which the Secretary
will implement recommendations submitted by the Advisory Board.
(e) APPOINTMENT.—A member of the Advisory Board shall be
appointed by the Secretary for a term of up to 3 years. The members of the Advisory Board shall be appointed to serve staggered
terms.

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(f) FEDERAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE ACT.—The Advisory Board
shall be deemed to have filed a charter for the purpose of section
9(c) of the Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.).
(g) ANNUAL LIMITATION ON ADVISORY BOARD EXPENSES.—
(1) MAXIMUM AMOUNT.—Not more than $350,000 may be
used to cover the necessary expenses of the Advisory Board for
each fiscal year.
(2) GENERAL LIMITATION.—The expenses of the Advisory
Board shall not be counted toward any general limitation on
the expenses of advisory committees, panels, commissions, and
task forces of the Department of Agriculture contained in any
Act making appropriations for the Department of Agriculture,
whether enacted before, on, or after the date of enactment of
this paragraph, unless the appropriation Act specifically refers
to this subsection and specifically includes this Advisory Board
within the general limitation.
(h) TERMINATION.—The Advisory Board shall remain in existence until September 30, 2007.
øSection 1408A repealed by section 853(a) of P.L. 104–127, 110
Stat. 1172.¿
EXISTING RESEARCH PROGRAMS

SEC. 1409. ø7 U.S.C. 3124¿ It is the intent of Congress in enacting this title to augment, coordinate, and supplement the planning, initiation, and conduct of agricultural research programs existing prior to the enactment of this title, except that it is not the
intent of Congress in enacting this title to limit the authority of the
Secretary of Health and Human Services, under any Act which the
Secretary of Health and Human Services administers.
FEDERAL-STATE PARTNERSHIP AND COORDINATION

SEC. 1409A. ø7 U.S.C. 3124a¿ (a) A unique partnership
arrangement exists in food and agricultural research, extension,
and teaching between the Federal Government and the governments of the several States whereby the States have accepted and
have supported, through legislation and appropriations—
(1) research programs under—
(A) the Act of March 2, 1887 (7 U.S.C. 361a et seq.),
commonly known as the Hatch Act of 1887;
(B) the Act of October 10, 1962 (16 U.S.C. 582a et
seq.), commonly known as the McIntire-Stennis Act of
1962;
(C) subtitle E of this title; and
(D) subtitle G of this title;
(2) extension programs under subtitle G of this title and
the Act of May 8, 1914 (7 U.S.C. 341 et seq.), commonly known
as the Smith-Lever Act;
(3) teaching programs under—
(A) the Act of July 2, 1862 (7 U.S.C. 301 et seq.), commonly known as the First Morrill Act;
(B) the Act of August 30, 1890 (7 U.S.C. 321 et seq.),
commonly known as the Second Morrill Act; and

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RESEARCH ACT OF 1977

Sec. 1409A

(C) the Act of June 29, 1935 (7 U.S.C. 329), commonly
known as the Bankhead-Jones Act; and
(4) international agricultural programs under title XII of
the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a et seq.).
This partnership in publicly supported agricultural research, extension, and teaching involving the programs of Federal agencies and
the programs of the States has played a major role in the outstanding successes achieved in meeting the varied, dispersed, and
in many cases, site-specific needs of American agriculture. This
partnership must be preserved and enhanced.
(b) In order to promote research and education in food and
human nutrition, the Secretary may establish cooperative human
nutrition centers to focus resources, facilities, and scientific expertise on particular high priority nutrition problems identified by the
Department. Such centers shall be established at State cooperative
institutions; and at other colleges and universities, having a
demonstrable capacity to carry out human nutrition research and
education.
(c)(1) To promote research for purposes of developing agricultural policy alternatives, the Secretary is encouraged—
(A) to designate at least one State cooperative institution
to conduct research in an interdisciplinary fashion; and
(B) to report on a regular basis with respect to the effect
of emerging technological, economic, sociological, and environmental developments on the structure of agriculture.
(2) Support for this effort should include grants to examine the
role of various food production, processing, and distribution systems that may primarily benefit small- and medium-sized family
farms, such as diversified farm plans, energy, water, and soil conservation technologies, direct and cooperative marketing, production and processing cooperatives, and rural community resource
management.
(d) To address more effectively the critical need for reducing
farm input costs, improving soil, water, and energy conservation on
farms and in rural areas, using sustainable agricultural methods,
adopting alternative processing and marketing systems, and
encouraging rural resources management, the Secretary is encouraged to designate at least one State agricultural experiment station
and one Agricultural Research Service facility to examine these
issues in an integrated and comprehensive manner, while conducting ongoing pilot projects contributing additional research
through the Federal-State partnership.
(e) APPLICABILITY OF FEDERAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE ACT.—
(1) PUBLIC MEETINGS.—All meetings of any entity described in paragraph (3) shall be publicly announced in advance and shall be open to the public. Detailed minutes of
meetings and other appropriate records of the activities of such
an entity shall be kept and made available to the public on request.
(2) EXEMPTION.—The Federal Advisory Committee Act (5
U.S.C. App.) and title XVIII of this Act shall not apply to any
entity described in paragraph (3).

F:\COMP\AGRES\NAR77
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(3) ENTITIES DESCRIBED.—This subsection shall apply to
any committee, board, commission, panel, or task force, or
similar entity that—
(A) is created for the purpose of cooperative efforts in
agricultural research, extension, or teaching; and
(B) consists entirely of—
(i) full-time Federal employees; and
(ii) one or more individuals who are employed by,
or are officials of—
(I) a State cooperative institution or State cooperative agency; or
(II) a public college or university or other
postsecondary institution.
SECRETARY’S REPORT

SEC. 1410. ø7 U.S.C. 3125¿ The Secretary shall submit to the
President and Congress by January 1 of each year a report on the
Nation’s agricultural research, extension, and teaching activities,
and such report shall include—
(1) a review covering the following three categories of
activities of the Department of Agriculture with respect to agricultural research, extension, and teaching activities and the
relationship of these activities to similar activities of other
departments and agencies of the Federal Government, the
State, colleges and universities, and the private sector—
(A) a current inventory of such activities organized by
statutory authorization and budget outlay;
(B) a current inventory of such activities organized by
field of basic and applied science; and
(C) a current inventory of such activities organized by
commodity and product category;
(2) any recommendations of the Advisory Board; and
(3) in the second and succeeding years, a five-year projection of national priorities with respect to agricultural research,
extension, and teaching, taking into account both domestic and
international needs.
SEC. 1410A. ø7 U.S.C. 3125a¿ NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL LIBRARY.
(a) PURPOSE.—The purpose of this section is to consolidate

and
expand the statutory authority for the operation of the library of
the Department of Agriculture established pursuant to section 520
of the Revised Statutes (7 U.S.C. 2201) as the primary agricultural
information resource of the United States.
(b) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is established in the Department
of Agriculture the National Agricultural Library to serve as the primary agricultural information resource of the United States.
(c) DIRECTOR.—The Secretary shall appoint a Director for the
National Agricultural Library who shall be subject to the direction
of the Secretary.
(d) FUNCTIONS OF DIRECTOR.—The Director may—
(1) acquire, preserve, and manage information and information products and services in all phases of agriculture and
allied sciences;

F:\COMP\AGRES\NAR77
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RESEARCH ACT OF 1977

Sec. 1411

(2) organize agricultural information and information products and services by cataloging, indexing, bibliographical listing, and other appropriate techniques;
(3) provide agricultural information and information products and services to agencies of the Department of Agriculture
and the Federal Government, public and private organizations,
and individuals, within the United States and internationally;
(4) plan for, coordinate, and evaluate information and library needs related to agricultural research and education;
(5) cooperate with and coordinate efforts among agricultural college and university libraries, in conjunction with private industry and other agricultural library and information
centers, toward the development of a comprehensive agricultural library and information network; and
(6) coordinate the development of specialized subject information services among the agricultural and library information
communities.
(e) LIBRARY PRODUCTS AND SERVICES.—The Director may—
(1) make copies of the bibliographies prepared by the National Agricultural Library;
(2) make microforms and other reproductions of books and
other library materials in the Department;
(3) provide any other library and information products and
services; and
(4) sell those products and services at such prices (not less
than the estimated total cost of disseminating the products and
services) as the Secretary may determine appropriate.
(f) RECEIPTS.—Funds received from sales under subsection (e)
shall be deposited in the Treasury of the United States to the
credit of the applicable appropriation and shall remain available
until expended.
(g) AGREEMENTS.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director may enter into agreement
with, and receive funds from any State, and other political subdivision, organization, business, or individual for the purpose
of conducting activities to carry out this section.
(2) FUNDS.—Funds received under this subsection for payments for library products and services or other activities shall
be deposited to the miscellaneous contributed fund account,
and shall remain available until expended.
(h) Authorization of Appropriations.—There are authorized to
be appropriated for each fiscal year such sums as may be necessary
to carry out this section.
LIBRARIES AND INFORMATION NETWORK

SEC. 1411. ø7 U.S.C. 3126¿ (a) It is hereby declared to be the
policy of Congress that—
(1) cooperation and coordination among, and the more
effective utilization of, disparate agricultural libraries and
information units be facilitated;
(2) information and library needs related to agricultural
research and education be effectively planned for, coordinated,
and evaluated;

F:\COMP\AGRES\NAR77
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RESEARCH ACT OF 1977

4–18

(3) a structure for the coordination of the agricultural libraries of colleges and universities, Department of Agriculture
libraries, and their closely allied information gathering and
disseminating units be established in close conjunction with
private industry and other research libraries;
(4) effective access by all colleges and universities and
Department of Agriculture personnel to literature and information regarding the food and agricultural sciences be provided;
(5) programs for training in information utilization with
respect to the food and agricultural sciences, including research grants for librarians, information scientists, and agricultural scientists be established or strengthened; and
(6) the Department of Agriculture establish mutually valuable working relationships with international and foreign information and data programs.
(b) There is hereby established within the National Agricultural Library of the Department of Agriculture a Food and Nutrition Information and Education Resources Center. Such Center
shall be responsible for—
(1) assembling and collecting food and nutrition education
materials, including the results of nutrition research, training
methods, procedures, and other materials related to the purpose of this title;
(2) maintaining such information and materials in a library; and
(3) providing notification about these collections on a regular basis to the State cooperative extension services, State
educational agencies, and other interested persons.
(c) Funds are hereby authorized to be appropriated annually in
such amounts as Congress may determine necessary to support the
purpose of this section. The Secretary is authorized to carry out
this section with existing facilities through the use of grants, contracts, or such other means as the Secretary deems appropriate
and to require matching of funds. No funds appropriated to support
the purposes of this section shall be used to purchase additional
equipment unless specifically authorized by law subsequent to the
date of enactment of this title.
SEC. 1412. ø7 U.S.C. 3127¿ SUPPORT FOR ADVISORY BOARD.

(a) To assist the Advisory Board in the performance of its duties, the Secretary may appoint, after consultation with the chairperson of the Advisory Board—
(1) a full-time executive director who shall perform such
duties as the chairperson of the Advisory Board may direct and
who shall receive compensation at a rate not to exceed the rate
payable for GS–18 of the General Schedule established in section 5332 of title 5, United States Code; and
(2) a professional staff of not more than five full-time employees qualified in the food and agricultural sciences, of which
one shall serve as the executive secretary to the Advisory
Board.
(b) The Secretary shall provide such additional clerical assistance and staff personnel as may be required to assist the Advisory
Board in carrying out its duties.

F:\COMP\AGRES\NAR77
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RESEARCH ACT OF 1977

Sec. 1413B

(c) In formulating its recommendations to the Secretary, the
Advisory Board may obtain the assistance of Department of Agriculture employees, and, to the maximum extent practicable, the
assistance of employees of other Federal departments and agencies
conducting related programs of agricultural research, extension,
and teaching and of appropriate representatives of colleges and
universities, including State agricultural experiment stations, cooperative extension services, and other non-Federal organizations
conducting significant programs in the food and agricultural
sciences.
GENERAL PROVISIONS

SEC. 1413. ø7 U.S.C. 3128¿ (a) Any vacancy in the Advisory
Board shall not affect its duties under this title and shall be filled
in the same manner as the original position.
(b) Members of the Advisory Board shall serve without compensation, if not otherwise officers or employees of the United
States, except that they shall, while away from their homes or regular places of business in the performance of services under this
title, be allowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, in the same manner as persons employed intermittently
in the Government service are allowed expenses under sections
5701 through 5707 of title 5 of the United States Code.
(c) There are authorized to be appropriated annually such
sums as Congress may determine necessary to carry out the provisions of section 1412 of this title and subsection (b) of this section.
SEC. 1413A. ø7 U.S.C. 3129¿ ACCOUNTABILITY.
(a) REVIEW OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

SYSTEMS.—The Secretary shall conduct a comprehensive review of state-of-the-art
information technology systems that are available for use in developing the system required by subsection (b).
(b) MONITORING AND EVALUATION SYSTEM.—The Secretary
shall develop and carry out a system to monitor and evaluate agricultural research and extension activities conducted or supported
by the Department of Agriculture that will enable the Secretary to
measure the impact and effectiveness of research, extension, and
education programs according to priorities, goals, and mandates
established by law. In developing the system, the Secretary shall
incorporate information transfer technologies to optimize public access to research information.
(c) CONSISTENCY WITH OTHER REQUIREMENTS.—The Secretary
shall develop and implement the system in a manner consistent
with the Government Performance and Results Act of 1993 (Public
Law 103–62; 107 Stat. 285) and amendments made by the Act.
(d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized
to be appropriated such sums as are necessary to carry out this
section.
SEC. 1413B. ø7 U.S.C. 3129a¿ FEDERAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE ACT
EXEMPTION FOR COMPETITIVE RESEARCH, EXTENSION,
AND EDUCATION PROGRAMS.

The Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) and title
XVIII of this Act shall not apply to any committee, board, commission, panel, or task force, or similar entity, created solely for the

F:\COMP\AGRES\NAR77
Sec. 1414

RESEARCH ACT OF 1977

4–20

purpose of reviewing applications or proposals requesting funding
under any competitive research, extension, or education program
carried out by the Secretary.
Subtitle C—Agricultural Research and Education Grants and
Fellowships
øSection 1414 omitted—amendment¿
SEC. 1415. ø7 U.S.C. 3151¿ GRANTS TO ENHANCE RESEARCH CAPACITY
IN SCHOOLS OF VETERINARY MEDICINE.
(a) COMPETITIVE GRANT PROGRAM.—The Secretary shall con-

duct a program of competitive grants to States for the purpose of
meeting the costs of renovation, improving compliance with Federal
regulations, employing faculty, acquiring equipment, and taking
other action related to the improvement of schools of veterinary
medicine to ensure agricultural competitiveness on a worldwide
basis. This grant program shall be based on a matching formula of
50 per centum Federal and 50 per centum State funding.
(b) PREFERENCE.—Except with respect to the States of Alaska
and Hawaii, the Secretary shall give preference in awarding grants
to States which file, with their application for funds under this section, assurances satisfactory to the Secretary that—
(1) the State has established a veterinary medical training
program with one or more States without colleges of veterinary
medicine which consists of appropriate cooperative agreements
providing for a sharing of curriculum and costs by the individual States;
(2) the clinical training of the school to be improved shall
emphasize care and preventive medical programs for food animals and companion animals (including horses) which support
industries of major economic importance; and
(3) the Secretary may set aside a portion of funds appropriated for the award of grants under this section and make
such amounts available only for grants to eligible colleges and
universities that the Secretary determines have unique capabilities for achieving the objective of full participation of minority groups in research in the Nation’s schools of veterinary
medicine.
Notwithstanding clause (1) of this subsection, no State which the
Secretary determines has made a reasonable effort to establish
appropriate cooperative agreements shall be denied a grant or otherwise prejudiced because of its failure to establish such cooperative agreements.
(c) APPORTIONMENT AND DISTRIBUTION OF FUNDS.—Funds
appropriated to carry out this section for any fiscal year shall be
apportioned and distributed as follows:
(1) Five per centum shall be retained by the Department
of Agriculture for administration, program assistance to eligible States, and program coordination.
(2) The remainder shall be apportioned and distributed by
the Secretary to those States which have applied for funds
under this section on such basis as the Secretary may deem
appropriate.

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RESEARCH ACT OF 1977

Sec. 1417

øSection 1416 omitted—amendments¿
SEC. 1417. ø7 U.S.C. 3152¿ GRANTS AND FELLOWSHIPS FOR FOOD AND
AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES EDUCATION.
(a) HIGHER EDUCATION TEACHING PROGRAMS.—The Secretary

shall promote and strengthen higher education in the food and
agricultural sciences by formulating and administering programs to
enhance college and university teaching programs in agriculture,
natural resources, forestry, veterinary medicine, home economics,
disciplines closely allied to the food and agricultural system, and
rural economic, community, and business development.
(b) GRANTS.—The Secretary may make competitive grants (or
grants without regard to any requirement for competition) to landgrant colleges and universities, to colleges and universities having
significant minority enrollments and a demonstrable capacity to
carry out the teaching of food and agricultural sciences, and to
other colleges and universities having a demonstrable capacity to
carry out the teaching of food and agricultural sciences, for a period
not to exceed 5 years—
(1) to strengthen institutional capacities, including curriculum, faculty, scientific instrumentation, instruction delivery systems, and student recruitment and retention, to respond
to identified State, regional, national, or international educational needs in the food and agricultural sciences, or in rural
economic, community, and business development;
(2) to attract and support undergraduate and graduate
students in order to educate the students in national need
areas of the food and agricultural sciences, or in rural economic, community, and business development;
(3) to facilitate cooperative initiatives between two or more
eligible institutions, or between eligible institutions and units
of State government or organizations in the private sector, to
maximize the development and use of resources such as faculty, facilities, and equipment to improve food and agricultural
sciences teaching programs, or teaching programs emphasizing
rural economic, community, and business development;
(4) to design and implement food and agricultural programs, or programs emphasizing rural economic, community,
and business development, to build teaching and research capacity at colleges and universities having significant minority
enrollments;
(5) to conduct undergraduate scholarship programs to meet
national and international needs for training food and agricultural scientists and professionals, or professionals in rural economic, community, and business development; and
(6) to conduct graduate and postdoctoral fellowship programs to attract highly promising individuals to research or
teaching careers in the food and agricultural sciences.
(c) PRIORITIES.—In awarding grants under subsection (b), the
Secretary shall give priority to—
(1) applications for teaching enhancement projects that
demonstrate enhanced coordination among all types of institutions eligible for funding under this section; and

F:\COMP\AGRES\NAR77
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RESEARCH ACT OF 1977

4–22

(2) applications for teaching enhancement projects that
focus on innovative, multidisciplinary education programs,
material, and curricula.
(d) ELIGIBILITY FOR GRANTS.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—To be eligible for a grant under subsection (b), a recipient institution must have a significant
demonstrable commitment to higher education teaching programs in the food and agricultural sciences, or in rural economic, community, and business development, and to each specific subject area for which the grant is to be used.
(2) MINORITY GROUPS.—The Secretary may set aside a portion of the funds appropriated for the awarding of grants under
subsection (b), and make such amounts available only for
grants to eligible colleges and universities that the Secretary
determines have unique capabilities for achieving the objective
of full representation of minority groups in the food and agricultural sciences workforce, or in the rural economic, community, and business development workforce, of the United
States.
(3) RESEARCH FOUNDATIONS.—An eligible college or university under subsection (b) includes a research foundation maintained by the college or university.
(e) FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION INFORMATION SYSTEM.—From amounts made available for grants under this section,
the Secretary may maintain a national food and agricultural education information system that contains—
(1) information on enrollment, degrees awarded, faculty,
and employment placement in the food and agricultural
sciences; and
(2) such other similar information as the Secretary considers appropriate.
(f) EVALUATION OF TEACHING PROGRAMS.—The Secretary shall
conduct programs to develop, analyze, and provide to colleges and
universities data and information that are essential to the evaluation of the quality of teaching programs and to facilitate the design
of more effective programs comprising the food and agricultural
sciences higher education system of the United States.
(g) CONTINUING EDUCATION.—The Secretary shall conduct special programs with colleges and universities, and with organizations in the private sector, to support educational initiatives to enable food and agricultural scientists and professionals to maintain
their knowledge of changing technology, the expanding knowledge
base, societal issues, and other factors that impact the skills and
competencies needed to maintain the expertise base available to
the agricultural system of the United States. The special programs
shall include grants and technical assistance.
(h) TRANSFERS OF FUNDS AND FUNCTIONS.—Funds authorized
in section 22 of the Act of June 29, 1935 (49 Stat. 439, chapter 338;
7 U.S.C. 329) are transferred to and shall be administered by the
Secretary of Agriculture. There are transferred to the Secretary all
the functions and duties of the Secretary of Education under such
Act applicable to the activities and programs for which funds are
made available under section 22 of such Act.

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RESEARCH ACT OF 1977

Sec. 1417

(i) NATIONAL FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES TEACHING
AWARDS—.
(1) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary shall establish a National Food and Agricultural Sciences Teaching Awards program to recognize and promote excellence in teaching food and
agricultural sciences at a college or university. The Secretary
shall make at least one cash award in each fiscal year to a
nominee selected by the Secretary for excellence in teaching a
food and agricultural science at a college or university.
(2) FUNDING.—The Secretary may transfer funds from
amounts appropriated for the conduct of any agricultural research, extension, or teaching program to an account established pursuant to this section for the purpose of making the
awards. The Secretary may accept gifts in accordance with
Public Law 95–442 (7 U.S.C. 2269) for the purpose of making
the awards.
(j) SECONDARY EDUCATION AND 2-YEAR POSTSECONDARY EDUCATION TEACHING PROGRAMS.—
(1) DEFINITIONS.—In this subsection:
(A) INSTITUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION.—The term
‘‘institution of higher education’’ has the meaning given
the term in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of
1965.
(B) SECONDARY SCHOOL.—The term ‘‘secondary school’’
has the meaning given the term in section 9101 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965.
(2) AGRISCIENCE AND AGRIBUSINESS EDUCATION.—The Secretary shall—
(A) promote and strengthen secondary education and
2-year postsecondary education in agriscience and agribusiness in order to help ensure the existence in the
United States of a qualified workforce to serve the food
and agricultural sciences system; and
(B) promote complementary and synergistic linkages
among secondary, 2-year postsecondary, and higher education programs in the food and agricultural sciences in
order to promote excellence in education and encourage
more young Americans to pursue and complete a baccalaureate or higher degree in the food and agricultural
sciences.
(3) GRANTS.—The Secretary may make competitive or noncompetitive grants, for grant periods not to exceed 5 years, to
public secondary schools, and institutions of higher education
that award an associate’s degree, that the Secretary determines have made a commitment to teaching agriscience and
agribusiness—
(A) to enhance curricula in agricultural education;
(B) to increase faculty teaching competencies;
(C) to interest young people in pursuing higher education in order to prepare for scientific and professional careers in the food and agricultural sciences;
(D) to promote the incorporation of agriscience and
agribusiness subject matter into other instructional pro-

F:\COMP\AGRES\NAR77
Sec. 1418

RESEARCH ACT OF 1977

4–24

grams, particularly classes in science, business, and consumer education;
(E) to facilitate joint initiatives by the grant recipient
with other secondary schools, institutions of higher education that award an associate’s degree, and institutions of
higher education that award a bachelor’s degree to maximize the development and use of resources, such as faculty, facilities, and equipment, to improve agriscience and
agribusiness education; and
(F) to support other initiatives designed to meet local,
State, regional, or national needs related to promoting
excellence in agriscience and agribusiness education.
(k) ADMINISTRATION.—The Federal Advisory Committee Act (5
U.S.C. App. 2) and title XVIII of the Food and Agriculture Act of
1977 (7 U.S.C. 2281 et seq.) shall not apply to a panel or board created for the purpose of reviewing applications and proposals for
grants or nominations for awards submitted under this section.
(l) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized
to be appropriated for carrying out this section $60,000,000 for
each of the fiscal years 1990 through 2007.
NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AWARD

SEC. 1418. ø7 U.S.C. 3153¿ (a) The Secretary shall establish
the National Agricultural Science Award for research or advanced
studies in the food and agricultural sciences, including the social
sciences. Two such awards, one for each of the categories described
in subsection (d) of this section, shall be made in each fiscal year.
(b) The awards shall not exceed $50,000 per year for a period
of not to exceed three years to support research or study by the recipient.
(c) The awards shall be open to persons in agricultural research, extension, teaching, or any combination thereof.
(d) Awards under this section shall be made in each fiscal year
in two categories as follows:
(1) to a scientist in recognition of outstanding contributions to the advancement of the food and agricultural sciences;
and
(2) to a research scientist in early career development or
a graduate student, in recognition of demonstrated capability
and promise of significant future achievement in the food and
agricultural sciences.
(e) The Secretary may establish such nominating and selection
committees, to consist of scientists and others, to receive nominations and make recommendations for awards under this section, as
the Secretary deems appropriate.
SEC. 1419. ø7 U.S.C. 3154¿ GRANTS FOR RESEARCH ON THE PRODUCTION AND MARKETING OF ALCOHOLS AND INDUSTRIAL
HYDROCARBONS FROM AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES
AND FOREST PRODUCTS.
(a) AUTHORITY OF SECRETARY.—The Secretary may award

grants under this section to colleges, universities, and Federal laboratories for the purpose of conducting research related to—
(1) alcohol fuels, including ethanol and methanol or their
ethers;

F:\COMP\AGRES\NAR77
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RESEARCH ACT OF 1977

Sec. 1419

(2) industrial oilseed crops and animal fats and oils for diesel fuel and petrochemical substitutes;
(3) other forms of biomass fuels, including gaseous and
solid fuels;
(4) other industrial hydrocarbons or triglycerides made
from agricultural commodities and forest products; and
(5) the development of the most economical and commercially feasible means of producing, collecting, and transporting
agricultural crops, wastes, residues, and byproducts for use as
feedstocks for the production of alcohol and other forms of biomass energy and the development of new markets for byproducts.
(b) SET ASIDE OF FUNDS FOR CERTAIN GRANT PROJECTS.—Of
the amounts appropriated in any fiscal year pursuant to the
authorization contained in subsection (d), not less than 50 percent
of those amounts shall be made available for grants for research
relating to the development of technologies for increasing the energy efficiency and commercial feasibility of alcohol production,
including—
(1) processes of cellulose conversion and membrane technology,
(2) research to improve the quality and value of byproducts
to increase digestibility and performance of livestock, poultry,
and fish, and
(3) development of new markets for byproducts.
(c) MINORITY GROUPS.—The Secretary may set aside a portion
of funds appropriated for the award of grants under this section
and make such amounts available only for grants to eligible colleges and universities that the Secretary determines have unique
capabilities for achieving the objective of full participation of minority groups in research on the production and marketing of alcohols and industrial hydrocarbons from agricultural commodities
and forest products.
(d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized
to be appropriated for the purposes of carrying out this section
$20,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 1991 through 2007.
SEC. 1419A. ø7 U.S.C. 3155¿ POLICY RESEARCH CENTERS.
(a) IN GENERAL.—Consistent with this section,

the Secretary
may make grants, competitive grants, and special research grants
to, and enter into cooperative agreements and other contracting instruments with, policy research centers described in subsection (b)
to conduct research and education programs that are objective,
operationally independent, and external to the Federal Government
and that concern the effect of public policies and trade agreements
on—
(1) the farm and agricultural sectors;
(2) the environment;
(3) rural families, households, and economies; and
(4) consumers, food, and nutrition.
(b) ELIGIBLE RECIPIENTS.—State agricultural experiment stations, colleges and universities, other research institutions and
organizations, private organizations, corporations, and individuals
shall be eligible to apply for funding under subsection (a).

F:\COMP\AGRES\NAR77
Sec. 1422

RESEARCH ACT OF 1977

4–26

(c) ACTIVITIES.—Under this section, funding may be provided
for disciplinary and interdisciplinary research and education concerning policy research activities consistent with this section, including activities that—
(1) quantify the implications of public policies and regulations;
(2) develop theoretical and research methods;
(3) collect, analyze, and disseminate data for policymakers,
analysts, and individuals; and
(4) develop programs to train analysts.
(d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized
to be appropriated such sums as are necessary to carry out this
section for each of fiscal years 1996 through 2007.
øSection 1420 omitted—amendment¿
Subtitle D—National Food and Human Nutrition Research and
Extension Program
FINDINGS AND DECLARATIONS

SEC. 1421. ø7 U.S.C. 3171¿ (a) Congress hereby finds that
there is increasing evidence of a relationship between diet and
many of the leading causes of death in the United States; that improved nutrition is an integral component of preventive health
care; that there is a serious need for research on the chronic effects
of diet on degenerative diseases and related disorders; that nutrition and health considerations are important to United States agricultural policy; that there is insufficient knowledge concerning precise human nutritional requirements, the interaction of the various
nutritional constituents of food, and differences in nutritional
requirements among different population groups such as infants,
children, adolescents, elderly men and women, and pregnant
women; and that there is a critical need for objective data concerning food safety, the potential of food enrichment, and means to
encourage better nutritional practices.
(b) It is hereby declared to be the policy of the United States
that the Department of Agriculture conduct research in the fields
of human nutrition and the nutritive value of foods and conduct
human nutrition education activities, as provided in this subtitle.
DUTIES OF THE SECRETARY OF AGRICULTURE

SEC. 1422. ø7 U.S.C. 3172¿ In order to carry out the policy of
this subtitle, the Secretary shall develop and implement a national
food and human nutrition research and extension program that
shall include, but not be limited to—
(1) research on human nutritional requirements;
(2) research on the nutrient composition of foods and the
effects of agricultural practices, handling, food processing, and
cooking on the nutrients they contain;
(3) surveillance of the nutritional benefits provided to participants in the food programs administered by the Department
of Agriculture;
(4) research on the factors affecting food preference and
habits; and

F:\COMP\AGRES\NAR77
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RESEARCH ACT OF 1977

Sec. 1424A

(5) the development of techniques and equipment to assist
consumers in the home or in institutions in selecting food that
supplies a nutritionally adequate diet.
RESEARCH BY THE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

SEC. 1423. ø7 U.S.C. 3173¿ (a) The Secretary shall establish
research into food and human nutrition as a separate and distinct
mission of the Department of Agriculture, and the Secretary shall
increase support for such research to a level that provides resources adequate to meet the policy of this subtitle.
(b) The Secretary, in administering the food and human nutrition research program, shall periodically consult with the administrators of the other Federal departments and agencies that have
responsibility for programs dealing with human food and nutrition,
as to the specific research needs of those departments and agencies.
SEC. 1424. ø7 U.S.C. 3174¿ HUMAN NUTRITION INTERVENTION AND
HEALTH PROMOTION RESEARCH PROGRAM.
(a) AUTHORITY OF SECRETARY.—The Secretary may establish,

and award grants for projects for, a multi-year research initiative
on human nutrition intervention and health promotion.
(b) EMPHASIS OF INITIATIVE.—In administering human nutrition research projects under this section, the Secretary shall give
specific emphasis to—
(1) coordinated longitudinal research assessments of nutritional status; and
(2) the implementation of unified, innovative intervention
strategies,
to identify and solve problems of nutritional inadequacy and contribute to the maintenance of health, well-being, performance, and
productivity of individuals, thereby reducing the need of the individuals to use the health care system and social programs of the
United States.
(c) ADMINISTRATION OF FUNDS.—The Administrator of the Agricultural Research Service shall administer funds made available to
carry out this section to ensure a coordinated approach to health
and nutrition research efforts.
(d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized
to be appropriated such sums as are necessary to carry out this
section for each of fiscal years 1996 through 2007.
SEC. 1424A. ø7 U.S.C. 3174a¿ PILOT RESEARCH PROGRAM TO COMBINE
MEDICAL AND AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH.
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following:

(1) Although medical researchers in recent years have
demonstrated that there are several naturally occurring compounds in many vegetables and fruits that can aid in the prevention of certain forms of cancer, coronary heart disease,
stroke, and atherosclerosis, there has been almost no research
conducted to enhance these compounds in food plants by modern breeding and molecular genetic methods.
(2) By linking the appropriate medical and agricultural research scientists in a highly-focused, targeted research program, it should be possible to develop new varieties of vegeta-

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bles and fruits that would provide greater prevention of dietrelated diseases that are a major cause of death in the United
States.
(b) PILOT RESEARCH PROGRAM.—The Secretary shall conduct,
through the Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension
Service, a pilot research program to link major cancer and heart
and other circulatory disease research efforts with agricultural research efforts to identify compounds in vegetables and fruits that
prevent these diseases. Using information derived from such combined research efforts, the Secretary shall assist in the development of new varieties of vegetables and fruits having enhanced
therapeutic properties for disease prevention.
(c) AGREEMENTS.—The Secretary shall carry out the pilot program through agreements entered into with land-grant colleges or
universities, other universities, State agricultural experiment stations, the State cooperative extension services, nonprofit organizations with demonstrable expertise, or Federal or State governmental entities. The Secretary shall enter into the agreements on
a competitive basis.
(d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized
to be appropriated $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 1997
through 2007 to carry out the pilot program.
NUTRITION EDUCATION PROGRAM

SEC. 1425. ø7 U.S.C. 3175¿ (a) The Secretary shall establish a
national education program which shall include, but not be limited
to, the dissemination of the results of food and human nutrition research performed or funded by the Department of Agriculture.
(b) In order to enable low-income individuals and families to
engage in nutritionally sound food purchase and preparation practices, the expanded food and nutrition education program conducted under section 3(d) of the Act of May 8, 1914 (7 U.S.C.
343(d)), shall provide for the employment and training of professional and paraprofessional aides to engage in direct nutrition education of low-income families and in other appropriate nutrition
education programs. To the maximum extent practicable, such program aides shall be hired from the indigenous target population.
(c) Beginning with the fiscal year ending September 30, 1982—
(1) Any funds annually appropriated under section 3(d) of
the Act of May 8, 1914, for the conduct of the expanded food
and nutrition education program, up to the amount appropriated under such section for such program for the fiscal year
ending September 30, 1981, shall be allocated to each State in
the same proportion as funds appropriated under such section
for the conduct of the program for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1981, are allocated among the States; with the
exception that the Secretary may retain up to 2 per centum of
such amount for the conduct of such program in States that
did not participate in such program in the fiscal year ending
September 30, 1981.
(2) Any funds appropriated annually under section 3(d) of
the Act of May 8, 1914, for the conduct of the expanded food
and nutrition education program in excess of the amount
appropriated under such section for the conduct of the program

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for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1981, shall be allocated as follows:
(A) 4 per centum shall be available to the Secretary
for administrative, technical, and other services necessary
for the administration of the program.
(B) The remainder shall be allocated among the States
as follows:
(i) 10 per centum shall be distributed equally
among all States; and
(ii) the remainder shall be allocated to each State
in an amount which bears the same ratio to the total
amount to be allocated under this subparagraph as
the population of the State living at or below 125 per
centum of the income poverty guidelines prescribed by
the Office of Management and Budget (adjusted pursuant to section 673(2) of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1981 (42 U.S.C. 9902)), bears to the
total population of all the States living at or below 125
per centum of the income poverty guidelines, as determined by the last preceding decennial census at the
time each such additional amount is first appropriated. The provisions of this subparagraph shall not
preclude the Secretary from developing educational
materials and programs for persons in income ranges
above the level designated in this subparagraph.
(3) There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out the
expanded food and nutrition education program established
under section 3(d) of the Act of May 8, 1914 (38 Stat. 373,
chapter 79; 7 U.S.C. 343(d) and this section, $83,000,000 for
each of fiscal years 1996 through 2007.
NUTRITIONAL STATUS MONITORING

SEC. 1428. ø7 U.S.C. 3178¿ (a) The Secretary and the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall formulate and submit
to Congress, within ninety days after the date of enactment of this
title, a proposal for a comprehensive nutritional status monitoring
system, to include:
(1) an assessment system consisting of periodic surveys
and continuous monitoring to determine; the extent of risk of
nutrition-related health problems in the United States; which
population groups or areas of the country face greatest risk;
and the likely causes of risk and changes in the above risk factors over time;
(2) a surveillance system to identify remediable nutritionrelated health risks to individuals or for local areas, in such a
manner as to tie detection to direct intervention and treatment. Such system should draw on screening and other information from other health programs, including those funded
under titles V, XVIII, and XIX of the Social Security Act and
section 330 of the Public Health Service Act; and
(3) program evaluations to determine the adequacy, efficiency, effectiveness, and side effects of nutrition-related programs in reducing health risks to individuals and populations.

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(b) The proposal shall provide for coordination of activities
under existing authorities and contain recommendations for any
additional authorities necessary to achieve a comprehensive monitoring system.
Subtitle E—Animal Health and Disease Research
SEC. 1429. ø7 U.S.C. 3191¿ PURPOSES AND FINDINGS RELATING TO ANIMAL HEALTH AND DISEASE RESEARCH.
(a) PURPOSES.—The purposes of this subtitle are to—

(1) promote the general welfare through the improved
health and productivity of domestic livestock, poultry, aquatic
animals, and other income-producing animals that are essential to the food supply of the United States and the welfare of
producers and consumers of animal products;
(2) improve the health of horses;
(3) facilitate the effective treatment of, and, to the extent
possible, prevent animal and poultry diseases in both domesticated and wild animals that, if not controlled, would be disastrous to the United States livestock and poultry industries and
endanger the food supply of the United States;
(4) improve methods for the control of organisms and residues in food products of animal origin that could endanger the
human food supply;
(5) improve the housing and management of animals to
improve the well-being of livestock production species;
(6) minimize livestock and poultry losses due to transportation and handling;
(7) protect human health through control of animal diseases transmissible to humans;
(8) improve methods of controlling the births of predators
and other animals; and
(9) otherwise promote the general welfare through expanded programs of research and extension to improve animal
health.
(b) FINDINGS.—Congress finds that—
(1) the total animal health and disease research and extension efforts of State colleges and universities and of the Federal Government would be more effective if there were close coordination between the efforts; and
(2) colleges and universities having accredited schools or
colleges of veterinary medicine and State agricultural experiment stations that conduct animal health and disease research
are especially vital in training research workers in animal
health and related disciplines.
DEFINITIONS

SEC. 1430. ø7 U.S.C. 3192¿ When used in this subtitle—
(1) the term ‘‘eligible institution’’ means an accredited
school or college of veterinary medicine or a State agricultural
experiment station that conducts animal health and disease research;
(2) the term ‘‘dean’’ means the dean of an accredited school
or college of veterinary medicine;

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(3) the term ‘‘director’’ means the director of a State agricultural experiment station which qualifies as an eligible institution; and
(4) the term ‘‘animal health research capacity’’ means the
capacity of an eligible institution to conduct animal health and
disease research, as determined by the Secretary.
SEC. 1431. ø7 U.S.C. 3193¿ AUTHORIZATION TO THE SECRETARY OF
AGRICULTURE.
(a) AUTHORITY TO COOPERATE WITH, ENCOURAGE, AND ASSIST
STATES.—In order to carry out the purpose of this subtitle, the Sec-

retary is hereby authorized to cooperate with, encourage, and assist
the States in carrying out programs of animal health and disease
research at eligible institutions in the manner hereinafter described in this subtitle.
(b) STUDY OF ANIMAL CARE DELIVERY SYSTEM.—(1) The Secretary shall commission the National Academy of Sciences, working
through the Board on Agriculture of the National Research Council, to conduct a study of the delivery system utilized to provide
farmers, including small and limited resource farmers, and ranchers with animal care and veterinary medical services, including
animal drugs.
(2) The study required by this subsection shall assess opportunities to—
(A) improve the flow of information to producers regarding
animal husbandry practices, and diagnostic and treatment
methods, including the costs and conditions necessary for the
effective use of such practices and methods;
(B) foster achievement of food safety goals; and
(C) advance the well-being and treatment of farm animals,
with particular emphasis on disease prevention strategies.
(3) The study required by this subsection shall include recommendations for changes in research and extension policies or
priorities, food safety programs and policies, and policies and procedures governing the approval, use, and monitoring of animal drugs.
øSection 1432 repealed by section 854 of P.L. 104–127, 110
Stat. 1172.¿
APPROPRIATIONS FOR CONTINUING ANIMAL HEALTH AND DISEASE
RESEARCH PROGRAMS

SEC. 1433. ø7 U.S.C. 3195¿ (a) There are authorized to be
appropriated such funds as Congress may determine necessary to
support continuing animal health and disease research programs at
eligible institutions, but not to exceed $25,000,000 for each of the
fiscal years 1991 through 2007, and not in excess of such sums as
may after the date of enactment of this title be authorized by law
for any subsequent fiscal year. Funds appropriated under this section shall be used: (1) to meet expenses of conducting animal
health and disease research, publishing and disseminating the results of such research, and contributing to the retirement of employees subject to the provisions of the Act of March 4, 1940 (54
Stat. 39–40, as amended; 7 U.S.C. 331); (2) for administrative planning and direction; and (3) to purchase equipment and supplies
necessary for conducting such research.

F:\COMP\AGRES\NAR77
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(b) Funds appropriated under subsection (a) of this section for
any fiscal year shall be apportioned as follows:
(1) Four per centum shall be retained by the Department
of Agriculture for administration, program assistance to the
eligible institutions, and program coordination.
(2) Forty-eight per centum shall be distributed among the
several States in the proportion that the value of and income
to producers from domestic livestock, poultry, and commercial
aquaculture species in each State bears to the total value of
and income to producers from domestic livestock, poultry, and
commercial aquaculture species in all the States. The Secretary shall determine the total value of and income from domestic livestock, poultry, and commercial aquaculture species
in all the States and the proportionate value of and income
from domestic livestock, poultry, and commercial aquaculture
species for each State, based on the most current inventory of
all cattle, sheep, swine, horses, poultry, and commercial aquaculture species published by the Department of Agriculture.
(3) Forty-eight per centum shall be distributed among the
several States in the proportion that the animal health research capacity of the eligible institutions in each State bears
to the total animal health research capacity in all the States.
The Secretary shall determine the animal health research capacity of the eligible institutions.
(c) In each State with one or more accredited colleges of veterinary medicine, the deans of the accredited college or colleges and
the director of the State agricultural experiment station shall develop a comprehensive animal health and disease research program
for the State based on the animal health research capacity of each
eligible institution in the State, which shall be submitted to the
Secretary for approval and shall be used for the allocation of funds
available to the State under this section.
(d) When the amount available under this section for allotment
to any State on the basis of domestic livestock, poultry, and commercial aquaculture species values and incomes exceeds the
amount for which the eligible institution or institutions in the
State are eligible on the basis of animal health research capacity,
the excess may be used, at the discretion of the Secretary, for
remodeling of facilities, construction of new facilities, or increase in
staffing, proportionate to the need for added research capacity.
(e) Whenever a new college of veterinary medicine is established in a State and is accredited, the Secretary, after consultation
with the dean of such college and the director of the State agricultural experiment station and where applicable, deans of other
accredited colleges in the State, shall provide for the reallocation
of funds available to the State pursuant to subsection (b) of this
section between the new college and other eligible institutions in
the State, based on the animal health research capacity of each eligible institution.
(f) Whenever two or more States jointly establish an accredited
regional college of veterinary medicine or jointly support an accredited college of veterinary medicine serving the States involved, the
Secretary is authorized to make funds which are available to such
States pursuant to subsection (b)(2) of this section available for

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Sec. 1434

such college in such amount that reflects the combined relative
value of and income from domestic livestock, poultry, and commercial aquaculture species in the cooperating States, such amount to
be adjusted, as necessary, pursuant to the provisions of subsection
(c) and (e) of this section.
APPROPRIATIONS FOR RESEARCH ON NATIONAL OR REGIONAL
PROBLEMS

SEC. 1434. ø7 U.S.C. 3196¿ (a) There are authorized to be
appropriated such funds as Congress may determine necessary to
support research on specific national or regional animal health or
disease problems, or national or regional problems relating to preharvest, on-farm food safety, or animal well-being, but not to exceed $35,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 1991 through 2007,
and not in excess of such sums as may after the date of enactment
of this title be authorized by law for any subsequent fiscal year.
(b) Notwithstanding the provisions of section 1435 of this title,
funds appropriated under this section shall be awarded in the form
of grants, for periods not to exceed five years, to State agricultural
experiment stations, colleges and universities, other research institutions and organizations, Federal agencies, private organizations
or corporations, and individuals.
(c) In order to establish a national allocation of funds appropriated under this section, the Secretary shall establish annually
priority lists of animal health and disease, food safety, and animal
well-being problems of national or regional significance. Such lists
shall be prepared after consultation with the Advisory Board. Any
recommendations made in connection with such consultation shall
not be controlling on the Secretary’s determination of priorities. In
establishing such priorities, the Secretary and the Advisory Board
shall consider the following factors:
(1) any health or disease problem which causes or may
cause significant economic losses to any part of the livestock
production industry;
(2) any food safety problem that has a significant pre-harvest (on-farm) component and is recognized as posing a significant health hazard to the consuming public;
(3) issues of animal well-being related to production methods that will improve the housing and management of animals
to improve the well-being of livestock production species;
(4) whether current scientific knowledge necessary to prevent, cure, or abate such a health or disease problem is adequate; and
(5) whether the status of scientific research is such that
accomplishments may be anticipated through the application of
scientific effort to such health or disease problem.
(d) Without regard to any consultation under subsection (c),
the Secretary shall, to the extent feasible, award grants on the
basis of the priorities assigned through a peer review system.
Grantees shall be selected on a competitive basis in accordance
with such procedures as the Secretary may establish.
(e) In the case of multiyear grants, the Secretary shall distribute funds to grant recipients on a schedule which is reasonably

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related to the timetable required for the orderly conduct of the research project involved.
(f) APPLICABILITY OF FEDERAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE ACT.—The
Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) and title XVIII of
this Act shall not apply to a panel or board created solely for the
purpose of reviewing applications or proposals submitted under
this subtitle.
AVAILABILITY OF APPROPRIATED FUNDS

SEC. 1435. ø7 U.S.C. 3197¿ Funds available for allocation
under the terms of this subtitle shall be paid to each State or eligible institution at such times and in such amounts as shall be determined by the Secretary. Funds shall remain available for payment
of unliquidated obligations for one additional fiscal year following
the year of appropriation.
WITHHOLDING OF APPROPRIATED FUNDS

SEC. 1436. ø7 U.S.C. 3198¿ If the Secretary determines that a
State is not entitled to receive its allocation of the annual appropriation under section 1433 of this title because of its failure to satisfy requirements of this subtitle or regulations issued under it, the
Secretary shall withhold such amount. The facts and reasons concerning the determination and withholding shall be reported to the
President; and the amount involved shall be kept separate in the
Treasury until the close of the next Congress. If the next Congress
does not direct such sum to be paid, it shall be carried to surplus.
REQUIREMENTS FOR USE OF FUNDS

SEC. 1437. ø7 U.S.C. 3199¿ With respect to research projects
on problems of animal health and disease to be performed at eligible institutions and supported with funds allocated to the States
under section 1433 of this title, the dean or director of each eligible
institution shall cause to be prepared and shall review proposals
for such research projects, which contain data showing compliance
with the purpose in section 1429 of this title and the provisions for
use of funds specified in section 1433 (a) of this title, and with general guidelines for project eligibility to be provided by the Secretary. Such research proposals that are approved by the dean or
director shall be submitted to the Secretary prior to assignment of
funds thereto with a brief summary showing compliance with the
provisions of this subtitle and the Secretary’s general guidelines.
MATCHING FUNDS

SEC. 1438. ø7 U.S.C. 3200¿ No funds in excess of $100,000,
exclusive of the funds provided for research on specific national or
regional animal health and disease problems under the provisions
of section 1434 of this title, shall be paid by the Federal Government to any State under this subtitle during any fiscal year in excess of the amount from non-Federal sources made available to and
budgeted for expenditure by eligible institutions in the State during the same fiscal year for animal health and disease research.
The Secretary is authorized to make such payments in excess of
$100,000 on the certificate of the appropriate official of the eligible

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Sec. 1439

institution having charge of the animal health and disease research
for which such payments are to be made. If any eligible institution
certified for receipt of matching funds fails to make available and
budget for expenditure for animal health and disease research in
any fiscal year sums as least equal to the amount for which it is
certified, the difference between the Federal matching funds available and the funds made available to and budgeted for expenditure
by the eligible institution shall be reapportioned by the Secretary
among other eligible institutions of the same State, if there are any
which qualify therefor, and, if there are none, the Secretary shall
reapportion such difference among the other States.
ALLOCATIONS UNDER THIS SUBTITLE NOT SUBSTITUTIONS

SEC. 1439. ø7 U.S.C. 3201¿ The sums appropriated and allocated to States and eligible institutions under this subtitle shall be
in addition to, and not in substitution for, sums appropriated or
otherwise made available to such States and institutions pursuant
to other provisions of law.
Subtitle F—Small Farm Research and Extension
Note: This subtitle (consisting of sections 1440 through 1443) amended
the Rural Development Act of 1972 (7 U.S.C. 2662 et seq.). That Act has a
separate compilation, so the amendments made by this subtitle are omitted.

Subtitle G—1890 Land-Grant College Funding 1
SEC. 1444. ø7 U.S.C. 3221¿ EXTENSION AT 1890 LAND-GRANT COLLEGES,
INCLUDING TUSKEGEE UNIVERSITY.
(a) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—There are hereby authorized to be appro-

priated annually such sums as Congress may determine necessary to support continuing agricultural and forestry extension at colleges eligible to receive funds under the Act of August 30, 1890 (26 Stat. 417–419, as amended; 7 U.S.C. 321–326
and 328), including Tuskegee University (hereinafter in this
section referred to as ‘‘eligible institutions’’).
(2) MINIMUM AMOUNT.—Beginning with fiscal year 2003,
there shall be appropriated under this section for each fiscal
year an amount that is not less than 15 percent of the total
appropriations for such year under the Act of May 8, 1914 (7
U.S.C. 341 et seq.), and related acts pertaining to cooperative
extension work at the land-grant institutions identified in the
Act of May 8, 1914 (38 Stat. 372, chapter 79; 7 U.S.C. 341 et
seq.), except that for the purpose of this calculation, the total
appropriations shall not include amounts made available after
1 Section 753 of Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related
Agencies Appropriations Act, 2002 (Public Law 107–76; 115 Stat. 740) provides as follows:

SEC. 753. Hereafter, any provision of any Act of Congress relating to colleges and universities
eligible to receive funds under the Act of August 30, 1890, including Tuskegee University, shall
apply to West Virginia State College at Institute, West Virginia: Provided, That the Secretary
may waive the matching funds’ requirement under section 1449 of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3222d) for fiscal year 2002 for West
Virginia State College if the Secretary determines the State of West Virginia will be unlikely
to satisfy the matching requirement.

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September 30, 1995, under section 3(d) of that Act (7 U.S.C.
343(d)), to carry out programs or initiatives for which no funds
were made available under section 3(d) of that Act for fiscal
year 1995, or any previous fiscal year, as determined by the
Secretary, and shall not include amounts made available after
September 30, 1995, to carry out programs or initiatives
funded under section 3(d) of that Act prior to that date that
are in excess of the highest amount made available for the programs or initiatives for fiscal year 1995, or any previous fiscal
year, as determined by the Secretary.
(3) USES.—Funds appropriated under this section shall be
used for expenses of conducting extension programs and activities, and for contributing to the retirement of employees subject to the provisions of the Act of March 4, 1940 (54 Stat. 30–
40, as amended; 7 U.S.C. 331).
(4) CARRYOVER.—No more than 20 per centum of the funds
received by an institution in any fiscal year may be carried forward to the succeeding fiscal year.
(b) Beginning with the fiscal year ending September 30, 1979—
(1) any funds annually appropriated under this section up
to the amount appropriated for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1978, pursuant to section 3(d) of the Act of May 8,
1914, as amended, for eligible institutions, shall be allocated
among the eligible institutions in the same proportion as funds
appropriated under section 3(d) of the Act of May 8, 1914, as
amended, for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1978, are
allocated among the eligible institutions; and
(2) any funds appropriated annually under this section in
excess of an amount equal to the amount appropriated under
section 3(d) of the Act of May 8, 1914, for the fiscal year ending
September 30, 1978, for eligible institutions, shall be distributed as follows:
(A) A sum equal to 4 per centum of the total amount
appropriated each fiscal year under this section shall be
allotted to the Extension Service of the Department of
Agriculture for administrative, technical, and other services, and for coordinating the extension work of the
Department of Agriculture and the several States.
(B) Of the remainder, 20 per centum shall be allotted
among the eligible institutions in equal proportions; 40 per
centum shall be allotted among the eligible institutions in
the proportion that the rural population of the State in
which each eligible institution is located bears to the total
rural population of all the States in which eligible institutions are located, as determined by the last preceding
decennial census current at the time each such additional
sum is first appropriated; and the balance shall be allotted
amount the eligible institutions in the proportion that the
farm population of the State in which each eligible institution is located bears to the total farm population of all the
States in which the eligible institutions are located, as
determined by the last preceding decennial census current
at the time each such additional sum is first appropriated.

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In computing the distribution of funds allocated under paragraph
(2) of this subsection, the allotments to Tuskegee University and
Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical University shall be determined as if each institution were in a separate State.
(c) The State director of the cooperative extension service and
the extension administrator at the eligible institution in each State
where an eligible institution is located shall jointly develop, by mutual agreement, a comprehensive program of extension for such
State to be submitted for approval by the Secretary within one year
after the date of enactment of this title and each five years thereafter.
(d) ASCERTAINMENT OF ENTITLEMENT TO FUNDS; TIME AND
MANNER OF PAYMENT; STATE REPORTING REQUIREMENTS; PLANS OF
WORK.—
(1) ASCERTAINMENT OF ENTITLEMENT.—On or about the
first day of October in each year after enactment of this title,
the Secretary shall ascertain whether each eligible institution
is entitled to receive its share of the annual appropriation for
extension work under this section and the amount which it is
entitled to receive. Before the funds herein provided shall become available to any eligible institution for any fiscal year,
plans for the work to be carried out under this section shall be
submitted, as part of the State plan of work, and approved by
the Secretary.
(2) TIME AND MANNER OF PAYMENT; RELATED REPORTS.—
The amount to which an eligible institution is entitled shall be
paid in equal quarterly payments on or about October 1, January 1, April 1, and July 1 of each year to the treasurer or other
officer of the eligible institution duly authorized to receive such
payments and such officer shall be required to report to the
Secretary on or about the first day of December of each year
a detailed statement of the amount so received during the previous fiscal year and its disbursement, on forms prescribed by
the Secretary.
(3) REQUIREMENTS RELATED TO PLAN OF WORK.—Each plan
of work for an eligible institution required under this section
shall contain descriptions of the following:
(A) The critical short-term, intermediate, and longterm agricultural issues in the State in which the eligible
institution is located and the current and planned extension programs and projects targeted to address the issues.
(B) The process established to consult with extension
users regarding the identification of critical agricultural
issues in the State and the development of extension programs and projects targeted to address the issues.
(C) The efforts made to identify and collaborate with
other colleges and universities within the State, and within other States, that have a unique capacity to address the
identified agricultural issues in the State and the extent of
current and emerging efforts (including regional extension
efforts) to work with those other institutions.
(D) The manner in which research and extension, including research and extension activities funded other
than through formula funds, will cooperate to address the

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critical issues in the State, including the activities to be
carried out separately, the activities to be carried out sequentially, and the activities to be carried out jointly.
(E) The education and outreach programs already underway to convey currently available research results that
are pertinent to a critical agricultural issue, including efforts to encourage multicounty cooperation in the dissemination of research results.
(4) EXTENSION PROTOCOLS.—
(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall develop protocols to be used to evaluate the success of multistate, multiinstitutional, and multidisciplinary extension activities
and joint research and extension activities in addressing
critical agricultural issues identified in the plans of work
submitted under this section.
(B) CONSULTATION.—The Secretary shall develop the
protocols in consultation with the Advisory Board and
land-grant colleges and universities.
(5) TREATMENT OF PLANS OF WORK FOR OTHER PURPOSES.—
To the maximum extent practicable, the Secretary shall consider a plan of work submitted under this section to satisfy
other appropriate Federal reporting requirements.
(e) If any portion of the moneys received by any eligible institution for the support and maintenance of extension work as provided
in this section shall by any action or contingency be diminished or
lost or be misapplied, it shall be replaced by such institution and
until so replaced no subsequent appropriation shall be apportioned
or paid to such institution. No portion of such moneys shall be applied, directly or indirectly, to the purchase, erection, preservation,
or repair of any building or buildings, or the purchase or rental of
land, or in college course teaching, lectures in college, or any other
purpose not specified in this section. It shall be the duty of such
institution, annually, on or about the first day of January, to make
to the Governor of the State in which it is located a full and detailed report of its operations in extension work, including a detailed statement of receipts and expenditures from all sources for
this purpose, a copy of which report shall be sent to the Secretary.
(f) To the extent that the official mail consists of correspondence, bulletins, and reports for furtherance of the purposes of this
section, it shall be transmitted in the mails of the United States
under penalty indicia: Provided, That each item shall bear such indicia as are prescribed by the Postmaster General and shall be
mailed under such regulations as the Postmaster General may
from time to time prescribe. Such items may be mailed from a principal place of business of each eligible institution or from an established subunit of such institution.
SEC. 1445. ø7 U.S.C. 3222¿ AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AT 1890 LANDGRANT COLLEGES, INCLUDING TUSKEGEE UNIVERSITY.
(a) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—There are hereby authorized to be appro-

priated annually such sums as Congress may determine necessary to support continuing agricultural research at colleges
eligible to receive funds under the Act of August 30, 1890 (26
Stat. 417–419, as amended; 7 U.S.C. 321–326 and 328), includ-

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RESEARCH ACT OF 1977

Sec. 1445

ing Tuskegee University (hereinafter referred to in this section
as ‘‘eligible institutions’’).
(2) MINIMUM AMOUNT.—Beginning with fiscal year 2003,
there shall be appropriated under this section for each fiscal
year an amount that is not less than 25 percent of the total
appropriations for the fiscal year under section 3 of the Hatch
Act of 1887 (7 U.S.C. 361c).
(3) USES.—Funds appropriated under this section shall be
used for expenses of conducting agricultural research, printing,
disseminating the results of such research, contributing to the
retirement of employees subject to the provisions of the Act of
March 4, 1940 (54 Stat. 39–40, as amended; 7 U.S.C. 331),
administrative planning and direction, and purchase and
rental of land and the construction, acquisition, alteration, or
repair of buildings necessary for conducting agricultural research.
(4) COORDINATION.—The eligible institutions are authorized to plan and conduct agricultural research in cooperation
with each other and such agencies, institutions, and individuals as may contribute to the solution of agricultural problems,
and moneys appropriated pursuant to this section shall be
available for paying the necessary expenses of planning, coordinating, and conducting such cooperative research.
(5) CARRYOVER.—
(A) IN GENERAL.—The balance of any annual funds
provided to an eligible institution for a fiscal year under
this section that remains unexpended at the end of the fiscal year may be carried over for use during the following
fiscal year.
(B) FAILURE TO EXPEND FULL AMOUNT.—
(i) IN GENERAL.—If any unexpended balance carried over by an eligible institution is not expended by
the end of the second fiscal year, an amount equal to
the unexpended balance shall be deducted from the
next succeeding annual allotment to the eligible institution.
(ii) REDISTRIBUTION.—Federal funds that are deducted under clause (i) for a fiscal year shall be redistributed by the Secretary in accordance with the formula set forth in subsection (b)(2)(B) to those eligible
institutions for which no deduction under clause (i)
has been taken for that fiscal year.
(b) Beginning with the fiscal year ending September 30, 1979,
the funds appropriated in each fiscal year under this section shall
be distributed as follows:
(1) Three per centum shall be available to the Secretary
for administration of this section. These administrative funds
may be used for transportation of scientists who are not officers or employees of the United States to research meetings
convened for the purpose of assessing research opportunities or
research planning.
(2) The remainder shall be allotted among the eligible
institutions as follows:

F:\COMP\AGRES\NAR77
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RESEARCH ACT OF 1977

4–40

(A) Funds up to the total amount made available to all
eligible institutions in the fiscal year ending September 30,
1978, under section 2 of the Act of August 4, 1965 (79 Stat.
431; 7 U.S.C. 450i), shall be allocated among the eligible
institutions in the same proportion as funds made available under section 2 of the Act of August 4, 1965, for the
fiscal year ending September 30, 1978, are allocated
among the eligible institutions.
(B) Of funds in excess of the amount allocated under
subparagraph (A) of this paragraph, 20 per centum shall
be allotted among eligible institutions in equal proportions;
40 per centum shall be allotted among the eligible institutions in the proportion that the rural population of the
State in which each eligible institution is located bears to
the total rural population of all the States in which eligible
institution are located, as determined by the last preceding
decennial census current at the time each such additional
sum is first appropriated; and the balance shall be allotted
among the eligible institutions in the proportion that the
farm population of the State in which each eligible institution is located bears to the total farm population of all the
States in which the eligible institutions are located, as
determined by the last preceding decennial census current
at the time each such additional sum is first appropriated.
In computing the distribution of funds allocated under this
subparagraph, the allotments to Tuskegee University and
Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical University shall be
determined as if each institution were in a separate State.
(c) PROGRAM AND PLANS OF WORK.—
(1) INITIAL COMPREHENSIVE PROGRAM OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH.—The director of the State agricultural experiment station in each State where an eligible institution is located and
the research director specified in subsection (d) of this section
in each of the eligible institutions in such State shall jointly
develop, by mutual agreement, a comprehensive program of agricultural research in such State, to be submitted for approval
by the Secretary within one year after the date of enactment
of this title.
(2) PLAN OF WORK REQUIRED.—Before funds may be provided to an eligible institution under this section for any fiscal
year, a plan of work to be carried out under this section shall
be submitted by the research director specified in subsection
(d) and shall be approved by the Secretary.
(3) REQUIREMENTS RELATED TO PLAN OF WORK.—Each plan
of work required under paragraph (2) shall contain descriptions of the following:
(A) The critical short-term, intermediate, and longterm agricultural issues in the State in which the eligible
institution is located and the current and planned research
programs and projects targeted to address the issues.
(B) The process established to consult with users of
agricultural research regarding the identification of critical
agricultural issues in the State and the development of re-

F:\COMP\AGRES\NAR77
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RESEARCH ACT OF 1977

Sec. 1445

search programs and projects targeted to address the
issues.
(C) Other colleges and universities within the State,
and within other States, that have a unique capacity to address the identified agricultural issues in the State.
(D) The current and emerging efforts to work with
those other institutions to build on each other’s experience
and take advantage of each institution’s unique capacities.
(E) The manner in which research and extension, including research and extension activities funded other
than through formula funds, will cooperate to address the
critical issues in the State, including the activities to be
carried out separately, the activities to be carried out sequentially, and the activities to be carried out jointly.
(4) RESEARCH PROTOCOLS.—
(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall develop protocols to be used to evaluate the success of multistate, multiinstitutional, and multidisciplinary research activities and
joint research and extension activities in addressing critical agricultural issues identified in the plans of work submitted under paragraph (2).
(B) CONSULTATION.—The Secretary shall develop the
protocols in consultation with the Advisory Board and
land-grant colleges and universities.
(5) TREATMENT OF PLANS OF WORK FOR OTHER PURPOSES.—
To the maximum extent practicable, the Secretary shall consider a plan of work submitted under paragraph (2) to satisfy
other appropriate Federal reporting requirements.
(d) Sums available for allotment to the eligible institutions
under the terms of this section shall be paid to such institutions
in equal quarterly payments beginning on or about the first day of
October of each year upon vouchers approved by the Secretary. The
President of each eligible institution shall appoint a research director who shall be responsible for administration of the program
authorized herein. Each eligible institution shall designate a treasurer or other officer who shall receive and account for all funds allotted to such institution under the provisions of this section and
shall report, with the approval of the chief administrative officer,
to the Secretary on or before the first day of December of each year
a detailed statement of the amount received under the provisions
of this section during the preceding fiscal year and its disbursement on schedules prescribed by the Secretary. If any portion of
the allotted moneys received by any eligible institution shall by any
action or contingency be diminished, lost, or misapplied, it shall be
replaced by such institution and until so replaced no subsequent
appropriation shall be allotted or paid to such institution. Funds
made available to eligible institutions shall not be used for payment of negotiated overhead or indirect cost rates.
(e) Bulletins, reports, periodicals, reprints or articles, and other
publications necessary for the dissemination of results of the research and experiments funded under this section including lists of
publications available for distribution by the eligible institutions,
shall be transmitted in the mails of the United States under penalty indicia: Provided, That each publication shall bear such indicia

F:\COMP\AGRES\NAR77
Sec. 1447

RESEARCH ACT OF 1977

4–42

as are prescribed by the Postmaster General and shall be mailed
under such regulations as the Postmaster General may from time
to time prescribe. Such publications may be mailed from the principal place of business of each eligible institution or from an established subunit of such institution.
(f) The Secretary shall be responsible for the proper administration of this section, and is authorized and directed to prescribe
such rules and regulations as may be necessary to carry out its
provisions. It shall be the duty of the Secretary to furnish such advice and assistance as will best promote the purposes of this section, including participation in coordination of research initiated
under this section by the eligible institutions, from time to time to
indicate such lines of inquiry as to the Secretary seem most important, and to encourage and assist in the establishment and maintenance of cooperation by and between the several eligible institutions, the State agricultural experiment stations, and between
them and the Department of Agriculture.
(g) On or before the first day of October in each year after the
enactment of this title, the Secretary shall ascertain whether each
eligible institution is entitled to receive its share of the annual
appropriations under this section and the amount which thereupon
each is entitled, respectively, to receive.
(h) Nothing in this section shall be construed to impair or modify the legal relationship existing between any of the eligible institutions and the government of the States in which they are respectively located.
øSection 1446 repealed by section 855 of P.L. 104–127, 110
Stat. 1172.¿
SEC. 1447. ø7 U.S.C. 3222b¿ GRANTS TO UPGRADE AGRICULTURAL AND
FOOD SCIENCES FACILITIES AT 1890 LAND-GRANT COLLEGES, INCLUDING TUSKEGEE UNIVERSITY.
(a) PURPOSE.—It is hereby declared to be the intent of Con-

gress to assist the institutions eligible to receive funds under the
Act of August 30, 1890, including Tuskegee University (hereafter
referred to in this section as ‘‘eligible institutions’’) in the acquisition and improvement of agricultural and food sciences facilities
and equipment, including libraries, so that the eligible institutions
may participate fully in the production of human capital.
(b) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized
to be appropriated to the Secretary of Agriculture for the purposes
of carrying out the provisions of this section, $25,000,000 for each
of fiscal years 2002 through 2007, and such sums shall remain
available until expended.
(c) USE OF GRANT FUNDS.—Four percent of the sums appropriated pursuant to this section shall be available to the Secretary
for administration of this grants program. The remaining funds
shall be available for grants to eligible institutions for the purpose
of assisting them in the purchase of equipment and land, the planning, construction, alteration, or renovation of buildings to
strengthen their capacity in the production of human capital in the
food and agricultural sciences and can be used at the discretion of
the eligible institutions in the areas of research, extension, and
resident instruction or any combination thereof.

F:\COMP\AGRES\NAR77
4–43

RESEARCH ACT OF 1977

Sec. 1448

(d) METHOD OF AWARDING GRANTS.—Grants awarded pursuant
to this section shall be made in such amounts and under such
terms and conditions as the Secretary shall determine necessary
for carrying out the purposes of this section.
(e) PROHIBITION OF CERTAIN USES.—Federal funds provided
under this section may not be utilized for the payment of any overhead costs of the eligible institutions.
(f) REGULATIONS.—The Secretary may promulgate such rules
and regulations as the Secretary may consider necessary to carry
out the provisions of this section.
SEC. 1448. ø7 U.S.C. 3222c¿ NATIONAL RESEARCH AND TRAINING VIRTUAL CENTERS.
(a) COMPETITIVE GRANTS AUTHORIZED.—The Secretary of Agri-

culture may make a competitive grant to five national research and
training virtual centers located at colleges (or a consortia of such
colleges) eligible to receive funds under the Act of August 30, 1890
(7 U.S.C. 321 et seq.), including Tuskegee University, that—
(1) have been designated by the Secretary for the fiscal
years 1991 through 1995, or fiscal years 1996 through 2007, as
national research and training virtual centers; and
(2) have the best demonstrable capacity, as determined by
the Secretary, to provide administrative leadership as—
(A) a National Center for Goat Research and Training;
(B) a National Center for Agricultural Engineering
Development, Research, and Training;
(C) a National Center for Water Quality and Agricultural Production Research and Training;
(D) a National Center for Sustainable Agriculture Research and Training; and
(E) a National Center for Domestic and International
Trade and Development Research and Training.
(b) USE OF GRANTS.—A grant made under subsection (a) may
be expended by a center to—
(1) pay expenses incurred in conducting research for which
the center was designated;
(2) print and disseminate the results of such research;
(3) plan, administer, and direct such research; and
(4) alter or repair buildings necessary to conduct such research.
(c) PRIORITY.—In making a grant determination under subsection (a), the Secretary shall give priority to those centers that—
(1) will assure dissemination of information between eligible institutions described in subsection (a) and among agricultural producers; and
(2) will attract students and needed professionals in the
food and agricultural sciences.
(d) PAYMENTS.—(1) Under the terms of a grant made under
subsection (a), funds appropriated under subsection (f) for a fiscal
year shall be paid (upon vouchers approved by the Secretary) to a
center receiving the grant in equal quarterly installments beginning on or about the first day of October of such year.
(2) Not later than 60 days after the end of each fiscal year for
which funds are paid under this section to a center, the research
director of such center shall submit to the Secretary a detailed

F:\COMP\AGRES\NAR77
Sec. 1448

RESEARCH ACT OF 1977

4–44

statement of the disbursements in such fiscal year of funds received by such center under this section.
(3) If any of the funds received by a center under this section
are misapplied, lost, or diminished by any action or contingency on
the part of the center—
(A) the center shall replace such funds; and
(B) the Secretary shall not distribute to such center any
other funds under this subsection until such funds are replaced.
(e) PROHIBITED USES OF FUNDS.—Funds provided under this
section may not be used—
(1) to acquire or construct a building; or
(2) to pay the overhead costs of the college (or consortia of
colleges) receiving the grant.
(f) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized
to be appropriated $2,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 1991
through 2002 for grants under this section.
(g) CENTER DEFINED.—For purposes of this section, the term
‘‘center’’ means a national research and training virtual center that
receives a grant under this subsection.
(h) COORDINATION OF CENTER ACTIVITIES.—(1) The center designated under subsection (a)(2)(C) shall coordinate its activities
with the water quality research activities conducted under subtitle
G of title XIV of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade
Act of 1990.
(2) The center designated under subsection (a)(2)(D) shall coordinate its activities with the sustainable agriculture research and
education program established under subtitle B of title XVI of the
Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990.
SEC. 1449. ø7 U.S.C. 3222d¿ MATCHING FUNDS REQUIREMENT FOR RESEARCH AND EXTENSION ACTIVITIES AT ELIGIBLE INSTITUTIONS.
(a) DEFINITIONS.—In this section:
(1) ELIGIBLE INSTITUTION.—The term ‘‘eligible institution’’

means a college eligible to receive funds under the Act of August 30, 1890 (7 U.S.C. 321 et seq.) (commonly known as the
‘‘Second Morrill Act’’), including Tuskegee University.
(2) FORMULA FUNDS.—The term ‘‘formula funds’’ means the
formula allocation funds distributed to eligible institutions
under sections 1444 and 1445.
(b) DETERMINATION OF NON-FEDERAL SOURCES OF FUNDS.—Not
later than September 30, 1999, each eligible institution shall submit to the Secretary a report describing for fiscal year 1999—
(1) the sources of non-Federal funds made available by the
State to the eligible institution for agricultural research, extension, and education to meet the requirements of this section;
and
(2) the amount of such funds generally available from each
source.
(c) MATCHING FORMULA.—Notwithstanding any other provision
of this subtitle, for each of fiscal years 2003 through 2007, the
State shall provide matching funds from non-Federal sources. Such
matching funds shall be for an amount equal to not less than—

F:\COMP\AGRES\NAR77
4–45

RESEARCH ACT OF 1977

Sec. 1455

(1) 60 percent of the formula funds to be distributed to the
eligible institution for fiscal year 2003;
(2) 70 percent of the formula funds to be distributed to the
eligible institution for fiscal year 2004;
(3) 80 percent of the formula funds to be distributed to the
eligible institution for fiscal year 2005;
(4) 90 percent of the formula funds to be distributed to the
eligible institution for fiscal year 2006; and
(5) 100 percent of the formula funds to be distributed to
the eligible institution for fiscal year 2007 and each fiscal year
thereafter.
(d) WAIVER AUTHORITY.—Notwithstanding subsection (f), the
Secretary may waive the matching funds requirement under subsection (c) above the 50 percent level for any fiscal year for an eligible institution of a State if the Secretary determines that the State
will be unlikely to satisfy the matching requirement.
(e) USE OF MATCHING FUNDS.—Under terms and conditions
established by the Secretary, matching funds provided as required
by subsection (c) may be used by an eligible institution for agricultural research, extension, and education activities.
(f) REDISTRIBUTION OF FUNDS.—
(1) REDISTRIBUTION REQUIRED.—Federal funds that are not
matched by a State in accordance with subsection (c) for a fiscal year shall be redistributed by the Secretary to eligible institutions whose States have satisfied the matching funds
requirement for that fiscal year.
(2) ADMINISTRATION.—Any redistribution of funds under
this subsection shall be subject to the applicable matching
requirement specified in subsection (c) and shall be made in a
manner consistent with sections 1444 and 1445, as determined
by the Secretary.

Subtitle H—Programs for Hispanic-Serving
Institutions
SEC. 1455. ø7 U.S.C. 3241¿ EDUCATION GRANTS PROGRAMS FOR HISPANIC-SERVING INSTITUTIONS.
(a) GRANT AUTHORITY.—The Secretary may make competitive

grants (or grants without regard to any requirement for competition) to Hispanic-serving institutions for the purpose of promoting
and strengthening the ability of Hispanic-serving institutions to
carry out education, applied research, and related community
development programs.
(b) USE OF GRANT FUNDS.—Grants made under this section
shall be used—
(1) to support the activities of consortia of Hispanic-serving
institutions to enhance educational equity for underrepresented students;
(2) to strengthen institutional educational capacities, including libraries, curriculum, faculty, scientific instrumentation, instruction delivery systems, and student recruitment and
retention, in order to respond to identified State, regional, na-

F:\COMP\AGRES\NAR77
Sec. 1458

RESEARCH ACT OF 1977

4–46

tional, or international educational needs in the food and agricultural sciences;
(3) to attract and support undergraduate and graduate
students from underrepresented groups in order to prepare
them for careers related to the food, agricultural, and natural
resource systems of the United States, beginning with the
mentoring of students at the high school level and continuing
with the provision of financial support for students through
their attainment of a doctoral degree; and
(4) to facilitate cooperative initiatives between 2 or more
Hispanic-serving institutions, or between Hispanic-serving
institutions and units of State government or the private sector, to maximize the development and use of resources, such as
faculty, facilities, and equipment, to improve food and agricultural sciences teaching programs.
(c) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized
to be appropriated to make grants under this section $20,000,000
for each of fiscal years 1997 through 2007.

Subtitle I—International Research,
Extension, and Teaching
SEC. 1458. ø7 U.S.C. 3291¿ INTERNATIONAL AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, EXTENSION, AND TEACHING.
(a) AUTHORITY OF THE SECRETARY.—To carry out the policy of

this subtitle, the Secretary (in consultation with the Agency for
International Development and subject to such coordination with
other Federal officials, Departments, and agencies as the President
may direct) may—
(1) expand the operational coordination of the Department
of Agriculture with institutions and other persons throughout
the world performing agricultural and related research, extension, and teaching activities by—
(A) exchanging research materials and results with
the institutions or persons; and
(B) conducting with the institutions or persons joint or
coordinated research, extension, and teaching activities
that address problems of significance to food and agriculture in the United States;
(2) enter into cooperative arrangements with Departments
and Ministries of Agriculture in other nations to conduct research, extension, and teaching activities in support of the
development of a viable and sustainable global agricultural
system, including efforts to establish a global system for plant
genetic resources conservation;
(3) enter into agreements with land-grant colleges and universities, the Agency for International Development, and international organizations (such as the United Nations, World
Bank, regional development banks, the International Agricultural Research Center), or other organizations, institutions or
individuals with comparable goals, to promote and support the
development of a viable and sustainable global agricultural
system;

F:\COMP\AGRES\NAR77
4–47

RESEARCH ACT OF 1977

Sec. 1458

(4) further develop within the Department highly qualified
and experienced science and education experts who specialize
in international programs, to be available to carry out the
activities described in this section;
(5) work with transitional and more advanced countries in
food, agricultural, and related research, development, teaching,
and extension (including providing technical assistance, training, and advice to persons from the countries engaged in the
activities and the stationing of scientists and other specialists
at national and international institutions in the countries);
(6) expand collaboration and coordination with the Agency
for International Development regarding food and agricultural
research, extension, and teaching programs in developing countries;
(7) assist colleges and universities in strengthening their
capabilities for food, agricultural, and related research, extension, and teaching programs relevant to agricultural development activities in other countries through—
(A) the provision of support to State universities and
land-grant colleges and universities to do collaborative research with other countries on issues relevant to United
States agricultural competitiveness;
(B) the provision of support for cooperative extension
education in global agriculture and to promote the application of new technology developed in foreign countries to
United States agriculture; and
(C) the provision of support for the internationalization of resident instruction programs of the universities
and colleges described in subparagraph (A);
(8) continue, in cooperation with the Secretary of State, a
program, coordinated through the International Arid Land
Consortium, to enhance collaboration and cooperation between
institutions possessing research, extension, and teaching capabilities applied to the development, management, and reclamation of arid lands;
(9) make competitive grants for collaborative projects
that—
(A) involve Federal scientists or scientists from landgrant colleges and universities or other colleges and universities with scientists at international agricultural research centers in other nations, including the international
agricultural research centers of the Consultative Group on
International Agriculture Research;
(B) focus on developing and using new technologies
and programs for—
(i) increasing the production of food and fiber,
while safeguarding the environment worldwide and
enhancing the global competitiveness of United States
agriculture; or
(ii) training scientists;
(C) are mutually beneficial to the United States and
other countries; and
(D) encourage private sector involvement and the
leveraging of private sector funds; and

F:\COMP\AGRES\NAR77
Sec. 1459

RESEARCH ACT OF 1977

4–48

(10) establish a program, to be coordinated by the Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service and the
Foreign Agricultural Service, to place interns from United
States colleges and universities at Foreign Agricultural Service
field offices overseas.
(b) ENHANCING LINKAGES.—The Secretary shall draw upon and
enhance the resources of the land-grant colleges and universities,
and other colleges and universities, for developing linkages among
these institutions, the Federal Government, international research
centers, counterpart research, extension, and teaching agencies and
institutions in both the developed and less-developed countries to
serve the purposes of agriculture and the economy of the United
States and to make a substantial contribution to the cause of improved food and agricultural progress throughout the world.
(c) PROVISION OF SPECIALIZED OR TECHNICAL SERVICES.—The
Secretary may provide specialized or technical services, on an advance of funds or a reimbursable basis, to United States colleges
and universities and other nongovernmental organizations carrying
out international food, agricultural, and related research, extension, and teaching development projects and activities. All funds received in payment for furnishing such specialized or technical services shall be deposited to the credit of the appropriation from which
the cost of providing such services has been paid or is to be
charged.
(d) REPORTS.—The Secretary shall provide biennial reports to
the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and
the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate on efforts of the Federal Government—
(1) to coordinate international agricultural research within
the Federal Government; and
(2) to more effectively link the activities of domestic and
international agricultural researchers, particularly researchers
of the Agricultural Research Service.
(e) FULL PAYMENT OF FUNDS MADE AVAILABLE FOR CERTAIN
BINATIONAL PROJECTS.—Notwithstanding any other provision of
law, the full amount of any funds appropriated or otherwise made
available to carry out cooperative projects under the arrangement
entered into between the Secretary and the Government of Israel
to support the Israel-United States Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund shall be paid directly to the Fund.
øSection 1458A repealed by section 856 of P.L. 104–127, 110
Stat. 1172.¿
SEC. 1459. ø7 U.S.C. 3292a¿ UNITED STATES-MEXICO JOINT AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH.
(a) RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM.—The Secretary

may provide for an agricultural research and development program
with the United States/Mexico Foundation for Science. The program shall focus on binational problems facing agricultural producers and consumers in the 2 countries, in particular pressing
problems in the areas of food safety, plant and animal pest control,
and the natural resources base on which agriculture depends.

F:\COMP\AGRES\NAR77
4–49

RESEARCH ACT OF 1977

Sec. 1459A

(b) ADMINISTRATION.—Grants under the research and development program shall be awarded competitively through the Foundation.
(c) MATCHING REQUIREMENTS.—The provision of funds to the
Foundation by the United States Government shall be subject to
the condition that the Government of Mexico match, on at least a
dollar-for-dollar basis, any funds provided by the United States
Government.
(d) LIMITATION ON USE OF FUNDS.—Funds provided under this
section may not be used for the planning, repair, rehabilitation, acquisition, or construction of a building or facility.
SEC. 1459A. ø7 U.S.C. 3292b¿ COMPETITIVE GRANTS FOR INTERNATIONAL AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND EDUCATION
PROGRAMS.
(a) COMPETITIVE GRANTS AUTHORIZED.—The Secretary may

make competitive grants to colleges and universities in order to
strengthen United States economic competitiveness and to promote
international market development.
(b) PURPOSE OF GRANTS.—Grants under this section shall be
directed to agricultural research, extension, and teaching activities
that will—
(1) enhance the international content of the curricula in
colleges and universities so as to ensure that United States
students acquire an understanding of the international dimensions and trade implications of their studies;
(2) ensure that United States scientists, extension agents,
and educators involved in agricultural research and development activities outside of the United States have the opportunity to convey the implications of their activities and findings to their peers and students in the United States and to
the users of agricultural research, extension, and teaching;
(3) enhance the capabilities of colleges and universities to
do collaborative research with other countries, in cooperation
with other Federal agencies, on issues relevant to United
States agricultural competitiveness;
(4) enhance the capabilities of colleges and universities to
provide cooperative extension education to promote the application of new technology developed in foreign countries to United
States agriculture; and
(5) enhance the capability of United States colleges and
universities, in cooperation with other Federal agencies, to provide leadership and educational programs that will assist
United States natural resources and food production, processing, and distribution businesses and industries to compete
internationally, including product market identification, international policies limiting or enhancing market production,
development of new or enhancement of existing markets, and
production efficiencies.
(c) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized
to be appropriated such sums as are necessary to carry out this
section for each of fiscal years 1999 through 2007.

F:\COMP\AGRES\NAR77
Sec. 1462

RESEARCH ACT OF 1977

4–50

Subtitle J—Studies
Note: No existing sections. Former sections were repealed by Public Law
99–198.
(7 U.S.C. 3301–3304)

Subtitle K—Funding and Miscellaneous Provisions
SEC. 1462. ø7 U.S.C. 3310¿ LIMITATION ON INDIRECT COSTS FOR AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, EDUCATION, AND EXTENSION
PROGRAMS. 1
(a) IN GENERAL.—Except as otherwise provided in law, indirect

costs charged against a competitive agricultural research, education, or extension grant awarded under this Act or any other Act
pursuant to authority delegated to the Under Secretary of Agriculture for Research, Education, and Economics shall not exceed 19
percent of the total Federal funds provided under the grant award,
as determined by the Secretary.
(b) EXCEPTION.—Subsection (a) shall not apply to a grant
awarded competitively under section 9 of the Small Business Act
(15 U.S.C. 638).
SEC. 1462A. ø7 U.S.C. 3310a¿ RESEARCH EQUIPMENT GRANTS.
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary may make competitive

grants
for the acquisition of special purpose scientific research equipment
for use in the food and agricultural sciences programs of eligible
institutions described in subsection (b).
(b) ELIGIBLE INSTITUTIONS.—The Secretary may make a grant
under this section to—
(1) a college or university; or
(2) a State cooperative institution.
(c) MAXIMUM AMOUNT.—The amount of a grant made to an eligible institution under this section may not exceed $500,000.
(d) PROHIBITION ON CHARGE OF EQUIPMENT AS INDIRECT
COSTS.—The cost of acquisition or depreciation of equipment purchased with a grant under this section shall not be—
(1) charged as an indirect cost against another Federal
grant; or
(2) included as part of the indirect cost pool for purposes
of calculating the indirect cost rate of an eligible institution.
(e) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized
to be appropriated to carry out this section such sums as may be
necessary for each of fiscal years 2002 through 2007.

1 Section 710 of the Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2001 (as enacted by Public Law 106–387; 114 Stat. 1549A–
29), provides that ‘‘None of the funds in this Act shall be available to pay indirect costs on research grants awarded competitively by the Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service that exceed 19 percent of total Federal funds provided under each award: Provided,
That notwithstanding section 1462 of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3310), funds provided by this Act for grants awarded competitively by the Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service shall be available
to pay full allowable indirect costs for each grant awarded under section 9 of the Small Business
Act (15 U.S.C. 638).’’.

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RESEARCH ACT OF 1977

Sec. 1464

AUTHORIZATION FOR APPROPRIATIONS FOR EXISTING AND CERTAIN
NEW AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH PROGRAMS

SEC. 1463. ø7 U.S.C. 3311¿ (a) Notwithstanding any authorization for appropriations for agricultural research in any Act enacted
prior to the date of enactment of this title, there are hereby authorized to be appropriated for the purposes of carrying out the provisions of this title, except sections 1417, 1419, 1420, and the competitive grants program provided for in section 1414, and except
that the authorization for moneys provided under the Act of March
2, 1887 (24 Stat. 440–442, as amended; 7 U.S.C. 361a–361i), is excluded and is provided for in subsection (b) of this section, such
sums as may be necessary for each of fiscal years 1991 through
2007.
(b) Notwithstanding any authorization for appropriations for
agricultural research at State agricultural experiment stations in
any Act enacted prior to the date of enactment of this title, there
are hereby authorized to be appropriated for the purpose of conducting agricultural research at State agricultural experiment stations pursuant to the Act of March 2, 1887 (24 Stat. 440–442, as
amended; 7 U.S.C. 361a–361i), such sums as may be necessary for
each of fiscal years 1991 through 2007.
(c) Notwithstanding any other provision of law effective beginning October 1, 1983, not less than 25 per centum of the total
funds appropriated to the Secretary in any fiscal year for the conduct of the cooperative research program provided for under the
Act of March 2, 1887, commonly known as the Hatch Act (7 U.S.C.
361a et seq.); the cooperative forestry research program provided
for under the Act of October 10, 1962, commonly known as the
McIntire-Stennis Act (16 U.S.C. 582a et seq.); the special and competitive grants programs provided for in sections 2(b) and 2(c) of
the Act of August 4, 1965 (7 U.S.C. 450i); the animal health research program provided for under sections 1433 and 1434 of this
title; the native latex research program provided for in the Native
Latex Commercialization and Economic Development Act of 1978 1
(7 U.S.C. 178 et seq.); and the research provided for under various
statutes for which funds are appropriated under the Agricultural
Research heading or a successor heading, shall be appropriated for
research at State agricultural experiment stations pursuant to the
provision of the Act of March 2, 1887.
AUTHORIZATION FOR APPROPRIATIONS FOR EXTENSION EDUCATION

SEC. 1464. ø7 U.S.C. 3312¿ Notwithstanding any authorization
for appropriations for the Cooperative Extension Service in any Act
enacted prior to the date of enactment of this title, there are
hereby authorized to be appropriated for the purposes of carrying
out the extension programs of the Department of Agriculture such
sums as may be necessary for each of fiscal years 1991 through
2007.
øSection 1466 omitted—amendment¿
1 The Native Latex Commercialization and Economic Development Act of 1978, as amended
by P.L. 98–284, 98 Stat. 181, is known as the Critical Agricultural Materials Act. A separate
compilation exists of that Act.

F:\COMP\AGRES\NAR77
Sec. 1467

RESEARCH ACT OF 1977

4–52

PAYMENT OF FUNDS

SEC. 1467. ø7 U.S.C. 3313¿ Except as provided elsewhere in
this Act or any other Act of Congress, funds available for allotment
under this title shall be paid to each eligible institution or State
at such time and in such amounts as shall be determined by the
Secretary.
øSection 1468 repealed by section 103(f)(3)(C) of P.L. 105–185,
112 Stat. 528.¿
SEC. 1469. ø7 U.S.C. 3315¿ AUDITING, REPORTING, BOOKKEEPING, AND
ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS.
(a) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided elsewhere in this Act or

any other Act of Congress—
(1) assistance provided under this title shall be subject to
the provisions of sections 2(e), 2(f), and 2(h) of the Act of August 4, 1965 (79 Stat. 431; 7 U.S.C. 450i), as amended by section 1414 of this title;
(2) the Secretary shall provide that each recipient of assistance under this title shall submit an annual report, at such
times and on such forms as the Secretary shall prescribe, stating the accomplishments of projects (on a project-by-project
basis) for which such assistance was used and accounting for
the use of all such assistance. If the Secretary determines that
any portion of funds made available under this title has been
lost or applied in a manner inconsistent with the provisions of
this title or regulations issued thereunder the recipient of such
funds shall reimburse the Federal Government for the funds
lost or so applied, and the Secretary shall not make available
to such recipient any additional funds under this Act until the
recipient has so reimbursed the Federal Government;
(3) the Secretary may retain up to 4 percent of amounts
appropriated for agricultural research, extension, and teaching
assistance programs for the administration of those programs
authorized under this Act or any other Act; and
(4) the Secretary shall establish appropriate criteria for
grant and assistance approval and necessary regulations pertaining thereto.
(b) COMMUNITY FOOD PROJECTS.—The Secretary may retain,
for the administration of community food projects under section 25
of the Food Stamp Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 2034), 4 percent of
amounts available for the projects, notwithstanding the availability
of any appropriation for administrative expenses of the projects.
(c) PEER PANEL EXPENSES.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law regarding a competitive research, education, or extension grant program of the Department of Agriculture, the Secretary
may use grant program funds, as necessary, to supplement funds
otherwise available for program administration, to pay for the costs
associated with peer review of grant proposals under the program.
(d) DEFINITION OF IN-KIND SUPPORT.—In any law relating to
agricultural research, education, or extension activities administered by the Secretary, the term ‘‘in-kind support’’, with regard to
a requirement that the recipient of funds provided by the Secretary
match all or part of the amount of the funds, means contributions
such as office space, equipment, and staff support.

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RESEARCH ACT OF 1977

Sec. 1472

SEC. 1469A. ø7 U.S.C. 3315a¿ AVAILABILITY OF COMPETITIVE GRANT
FUNDS.

Except as otherwise provided by law, funds made available to
the Secretary to carry out a competitive agricultural research, education, or extension grant program under this or any other Act
shall be available for obligation for a 2-year period beginning on
October 1 of the fiscal year for which the funds are made available.
RULES AND REGULATIONS

SEC. 1470. ø7 U.S.C. 3316¿ The Secretary is authorized to
issue such rules and regulations as the Secretary deems necessary
to carry out the provisions of this title.
PROGRAM EVALUATION STUDIES

SEC. 1471. ø7 U.S.C. 3317¿ (a) The Secretary shall regularly
conduct program evaluations to meet the purposes of this title and
the responsibilities assigned to the Secretary and the Department
of Agriculture in this title. Such evaluations shall be designed to
provide information that may be used to improve the administration and effectiveness of agricultural research, extension, and
teaching programs in achieving their stated objectives.
(b) The Secretary is authorized to encourage and foster the regular evaluation of agricultural research, extension, and teaching
programs within the State agricultural experiment stations, cooperative extension services, and colleges and universities, through the
development and support of cooperative evaluation programs and
program evaluation centers and institutes.
GENERAL AUTHORITY TO ENTER INTO CONTRACTS, GRANTS, AND
COOPERATIVE AGREEMENTS

SEC. 1472. ø7 U.S.C. 3318¿ (a) The purpose of this section is
to confer upon the Secretary general authority to enter into contracts, grants, and cooperative agreements to further the research,
extension, or teaching programs in the food and agricultural
sciences of the Department of Agriculture. This authority supplements all other laws relating to the Department of Agriculture and
is not to be construed as limiting or repealing any existing authorities.
(b)(1) Notwithstanding chapter 63 of title 31, United States
Code, the Secretary may use a cooperative agreement as the legal
instrument reflecting a relationship between the Secretary and a
State cooperative institution, State department of agriculture, college, university, other research or educational institution or organization, Federal or private agency or organization, individual, or any
other party, if the Secretary determines that—
(A) the objectives of the agreement will serve a mutual interest of the parties to the agreement in agricultural research,
extension, and teaching activities, including statistical reporting; and
(B) all parties will contribute resources to the accomplishment of those objectives.
(2) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, any Federal
agency may participate in any such cooperative agreement by contributing funds through the appropriate agency of the Department

F:\COMP\AGRES\NAR77
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RESEARCH ACT OF 1977

4–54

of Agriculture or otherwise if it is mutually agreed that the objectives of the agreement will further the authorized programs of the
contributing agency.
(c) The Secretary may enter into contracts, grants, or cooperative agreements, for periods not to exceed five years, with State
agricultural experiment stations, State cooperative extension services, all colleges and universities, other research or education institutions and organizations, Federal and private agencies and organizations, individuals, and any other contractor or recipient, either
foreign or domestic, to further research, extension, or teaching programs in the food and agricultural sciences of the Department of
Agriculture.
(d) The Secretary may vest title to expendable and nonexpendable equipment and supplies and other tangible personal property
in the contractor or recipient when the contractor or recipient purchases such equipment, supplies, and property with contract, grant,
or cooperative agreement funds and the Secretary deems such vesting of title a furtherance of the agricultural research, extension, or
teaching objectives of the Department of Agriculture.
(e) Unless otherwise provided in this title, the Secretary may
enter into contracts, grants, or cooperative agreements, as authorized by this section, without regard to any requirements for competition, the provisions of section 3709 of the Revised Statutes (41
U.S.C. 5), and the provisions of section 3648 of the Revised Statutes (31 U.S.C. 529).
RESTRICTION ON TREATMENT OF INDIRECT COSTS AND TUITION
REMISSION

SEC. 1473. ø7 U.S.C. 3319¿ Funds made available by the Secretary under established Federal-State partnership arrangement to
State cooperative institutions under the Acts referred to in section
1404(16) of this title and funds made available under subsection
(c)(1)(B) and subsection (d) of section 2 of the Act of August 4, 1965
(7 U.S.C. 450i) shall not be subject to reduction for indirect costs
or for tuition remission. No indirect costs or tuition remission shall
be charged against funds in connection with cooperative agreements between the Department of Agriculture and State cooperative institutions if the cooperative program or project involved is of
mutual interest to all the parties and if all the parties contribute
to the cooperative agreement involved. The prohibition on the use
of such funds for the reimbursement of indirect costs shall not
apply to funds for international agricultural programs conducted by
a State cooperative institution and administered by the Secretary
or to funds provided by a Federal agency for such cooperative program or project through a fund transfer, advance, or reimbursement. The Secretary shall limit the amount of such reimbursement
to an amount necessary to carry out such program or agreement.
COST-REIMBURSABLE AGREEMENTS

SEC. 1473A. ø7 U.S.C. 3319a¿ Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Secretary of Agriculture may enter into cost-reimbursable agreements with State cooperative institutions or other
colleges and universities without regard to any requirement for

F:\COMP\AGRES\NAR77
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RESEARCH ACT OF 1977

Sec. 1473D

competition, for the acquisition of goods or services, including personal services, to carry out agricultural research, extension, or
teaching activities of mutual interest. Reimbursable costs under
such agreements shall include the actual direct costs of performance, as mutually agreed on by the parties, and the indirect costs
of performance, not exceeding 10 percent of the direct cost.
SEC. 1473B. ø7 U.S.C. 3319b¿ JOINT REQUESTS FOR PROPOSALS.
(a) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out any competitive agricultural

research, education, or extension grant program authorized under
this or any other Act, the Secretary may cooperate with 1 or more
other Federal agencies (including the National Science Foundation)
in issuing joint requests for proposals, awarding grants, and
administering grants, for similar or related research, education, or
extension projects or activities.
(b) ADMINISTRATION.—
(1) SECRETARY.—The Secretary may delegate authority to
issue requests for proposals, make grant awards, or administer
grants, in whole or in part, to a cooperating Federal agency.
(2) COOPERATING FEDERAL AGENCY.—The cooperating Federal agency may delegate to the Secretary authority to issue
requests for proposals, make grant awards, or administer
grants, in whole or in part.
(c) REGULATIONS.—The Secretary and a cooperating Federal
agency may agree to make applicable to recipients of grants—
(1) the post-award grant administration regulations applicable to recipients of grants from the Secretary; or
(2) the post-award grant administration regulations applicable to recipients of grants from the cooperating Federal
agency.
(d) JOINT PEER REVIEW PANELS.—Subject to section 1413B, the
Secretary and a cooperating Federal agency may establish joint
peer review panels for the purpose of evaluating grant proposals.
SUPPLEMENTAL AND ALTERNATIVE CROPS

SEC. 1473D. ø7 U.S.C. 3319d¿ (a) Notwithstanding any other
provision of law, during the period beginning October 1, 1986, and
ending September 30, 2007, the Secretary shall develop and implement a research project for the development of supplemental and
alternative crops, using such funds as are appropriated to the Secretary each fiscal year under this title.
(b) The development of supplemental and alternative crops is
of critical importance to producers of agricultural commodities
whose livelihood is threatened by the decline in demand experienced with respect to certain of their crops due to changes in consumption patterns or other related causes.
(c)(1) The Secretary shall use such research funding, special or
competitive grants, or other means, as the Secretary determines, to
further the purposes of this section in the implementation of a comprehensive and integrated program.
(2) The program developed and implemented by the Secretary
shall include—
(A) an examination of the adaptation of supplemental and
alternative crops;

F:\COMP\AGRES\NAR77
Sec. 1474

RESEARCH ACT OF 1977

4–56

(B) the establishment and extension of various methods of
planting, cultivating, harvesting, and processing supplemental
and alternative crops;
(C) the transfer of such applied research to on-farm practice as soon as practicable;
(D) the establishment through grants, cooperative agreements, or other means of such processing, storage, and transportation facilities for supplemental and alternative crops as
the Secretary determines will facilitate the achievement of a
successful program; and
(E) the application of such other resources and expertise as
the Secretary considers appropriate to support the program.
(3) The program may include, but shall not be limited to,
agreements, grants, and other arrangements—
(A) to conduct comprehensive resource and infrastructure
assessments;
(B) to develop and introduce supplemental and alternative
income-producing crops;
(C) to develop and expand domestic and export markets for
such crops;
(D) to provide technical assistance to farm owners and operators, marketing cooperative, and others;
(E) to conduct fundamental and applied research related to
the development of new commercial products derived from natural plant material for industrial, medical, and agricultural applications; and
(F) to participate with colleges and universities, other Federal agencies, and private sector entities in conducting research described in subparagraph (E).
(d) The Secretary shall use the expertise and resources of the
Agricultural Research Service, the Cooperative State Research
Service, the Extension Service, and the land-grant colleges and universities for the purpose of carrying out this section.
Subtitle L—Aquaculture
PURPOSE

SEC. 1474. ø7 U.S.C. 3321¿ It is the purpose of this subtitle to
promote research and extension activities of the institutions hereinafter referred to in section 1475(b), and to coordinate their efforts
as an integral part in the implementation of the National Aquaculture Act of 1980 (16 U.S.C. 2801 et seq.) by encouraging landowners, individuals, and commercial institutions to develop aquaculture production and facilities and sound aquacultural practices
that will, through research and technology transfer programs, provide for the increased production and marketing of aquacultural
food products.
AQUACULTURE ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS

SEC. 1475. ø7 U.S.C. 3322¿ (a) RESEARCH AND EXTENSION PROGRAM.—The Secretary may develop and implement a cooperative
research and extension program to encourage the development,
management, and production of important aquatic food species

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RESEARCH ACT OF 1977

Sec. 1475

within the several States and territories of the United States and
to enhance further the safety of food products derived from the
aquaculture industry, in accordance with the national aquaculture
development plan, and revisions thereto, developed under the National Aquaculture Act of 1980.
(b) GRANTS.—The Secretary may make grants to—
(1) land-grant and seagrant colleges and universities;
(2) State agricultural experiment stations;
(3) colleges, universities, and Federal laboratories having a
demonstrable capacity to conduct aquacultural research, as
determined by the Secretary; and
(4) nonprofit private research institutions;
for research and extension to facilitate or expand promising advances in the production and marketing of aquacultural food species and products and to enhance further the safety and wholesomeness of those species and products, including the development
of reliable supplies of seed stock and thereapeutic compounds. Except in the case of Federal laboratories, no grant may be made
under this subsection unless the State in which the grant recipient
is located makes a matching grant (of which amount an in-kind
contribution may not exceed 50 percent) to such recipient equal to
the amount of the grant to be made under this subsection, and unless the grant is in implementation of the national aquaculture
development plan, and revisions thereto, developed under the National Aquaculture Act of 1980.
(c) AQUACULTURE DEVELOPMENT PLANS.—The Secretary may
assist States to formulate aquaculture development plans for the
enhancement of the production and marketing of aquacultural species and products from such States and may make grants to States
on a matching basis, as determined by the Secretary. The aggregate amount of the grants made to any one State under this subsection may not exceed $50,000. The plans shall be consistent with
the national aquaculture development plan, and revisions thereto,
developed under the National Aquaculture Act of 1980.
(d) AQUACULTUREAL CENTERS.—To provide for aquacultural research, development, and demonstration projects having a national
or regional application, the Secretary may establish in existing
Federal facilities or in cooperation with any of the non-Federal
entities specified in subsection (b) up to five aquacultural research,
development, and demonstration centers in the United States for
the performance of aquacultural research, extension work, and
demonstration projects. Funds made available for the operation of
such regional centers may be used for the rehabilitation of existing
buildings or facilities to house such centers, but may not be used
for the construction or acquisition of new buildings or facilities. To
the extent practicable, the aquaculture research, development, and
demonstration centers established under this subsection shall be
geographically located so that they are representative of the regional aquaculture opportunities in the United States. To the extent practicable, the Secretary shall ensure that equitable efforts
are made at these centers in addressing the research needs of those
segments of the domestic aquaculture industry located within that
region.

F:\COMP\AGRES\NAR77
Sec. 1476

RESEARCH ACT OF 1977

4–58

(e) LISTING OF LAWS ON AQUACULTURE.—The interagency
aquaculture coordinating group established under section 6(a) of
the National Aquaculture Act of 1980 (16 U.S.C. 2805(a)) shall, in
consultation with appropriate Federal and State agencies, compile
a listing of Federal and State laws, rules, and regulations materially affecting the production, processing, marketing, and transportation of aquaculturally produced commodities and the products
thereof. The interagency aquaculture coordinating group shall
make such listing available to the public not later than January 1,
1992, and shall update and revise such listing not later than January 1, 1996, to show such laws, rules, and regulations as in effect
on that date.
(f) FISH DISEASE PROGRAM.—The Secretary shall implement, in
consultation with the Joint Subcommittee on Aquaculture referred
to in section 6 of the National Aquaculture Act of 1980 (16 U.S.C.
2805), a fish disease program to include the development of new
diagnostic procedures for fish diseases, the determination of the effect of water environment on the development of the fish immune
system, and the development of therapeutic, synthetic, or natural
systems, for the control of fish diseases.
øSection 1476 repealed by section 302(a) of P.L. 105–185,
112 Stat. 563.¿
AUTHORIZATION FOR APPROPRIATIONS

SEC. 1477. ø7 U.S.C. 3324¿ There is authorized to be appropriated $7,500,000 for each of the fiscal years 1991 through 2007.
Funds appropriated under this section or section 1476 may not be
used to acquire or construct a building.
Subtitle M—Rangeland Research
PURPOSE

SEC. 1478. ø7 U.S.C. 3331¿ It is the purpose of this subtitle to
promote the general welfare through improved productivity of the
Nation’s rangelands, which comprise 60 per centum of the land
area of the United States. Most of these rangelands are unsuited
for cultivation, but produce a great volume of forage that is inedible by humans but readily converted, through an energy efficient
process, to high quality food protein by grazing animals. These native grazing lands are located throughout the United States and
are important resources for major segments of the Nation’s livestock industry. In addition to the many livestock producers directly
dependent on rangelands, other segments of agriculture are indirectly dependent on range-fed livestock and on range-produced forage that can be substituted for grain in times of grain scarcity. Recent resource assessments indicate that forage production of rangeland can be increased at least 100 per centum through development and application of improved range management practices
while simultaneously enhancing wildlife, watershed, recreational,
and aesthetic values and reducing hazards of erosion and flooding.

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RESEARCH ACT OF 1977

Sec. 1483

RANGELAND RESEARCH PROGRAM

SEC. 1479. ø7 U.S.C. 3332¿ The Secretary may develop and implement a cooperative rangeland research program in coordination
with the program carried out under the Renewable Resources
Extension Act of 1978 to improve the production and quality of
desirable native forages or introduced forages which are managed
in a similar manner to native forages for livestock and wildlife. The
program shall include studies of: (1) management of rangelands
and agricultural lands as integrated systems for more efficient utilization of crops and waste products in the production of food and
fiber; (2) methods of managing rangeland watersheds to maximize
efficient use of water and improve water yield, water quality, and
water conservation, to protect against onsite and offsite damage of
rangeland resources from floods, erosion, and other detrimental influences, and to remedy unsatisfactory and unstable rangeland conditions; (3) revegetation and rehabilitation of rangelands including
the control of undesirable species of plants; and (4) such other matters as the Secretary considers appropriate.
SEC. 1480. ø7 U.S.C. 3333¿ RANGELAND RESEARCH GRANTS.
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary may make grants to—

(1) land-grant colleges and universities, State agricultural
experiment stations, and colleges, universities, and Federal
laboratories having a demonstrable capacity in rangeland research, as determined by the Secretary, to carry out rangeland
research; and
(2) the Joe Skeen Institute for Rangeland Restoration for
the purposes of facilitating and expanding ongoing State-Federal range management, animal husbandry, and agricultural
research, education, and extension programs to meet the targeted, emerging, and future needs of western United States
rangelands and associated natural resources.
(b) MATCHING REQUIREMENTS.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in paragraph (2), this
grant program shall be based on a matching formula of 50 percent Federal and 50 percent non-Federal funding.
(2) EXCEPTION.—Paragraph (1) shall not apply to a grant
to a Federal laboratory or a grant under subsection (a)(2).
øSections 1481 and 1482 repealed by section 857 of P.L. 104–
127, 110 Stat. 1173.¿
APPROPRIATIONS

SEC. 1483. ø7 U.S.C. 3336¿ (a) There are authorized to be
appropriated, to implement the provisions of this subtitle, such
sums not to exceed $10,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 1991
through 2007.
(b) Funds appropriated under this section shall be allocated by
the Secretary to eligible institutions for work to be done as mutually agreed upon between the Secretary and the eligible institution
or institutions.

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Sec. 1483

RESEARCH ACT OF 1977

4–60

Subtitle N—Biosecurity
SEC. 1484. ø7 U.S.C. 3351¿ SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION FOR BIOSECURITY
PLANNING AND RESPONSE.
(a) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—In addition to

amounts for agricultural research, extension, and education under
this Act, there are authorized to be appropriated for agricultural
research, education, and extension activities for biosecurity planning and response such sums as are necessary for each of fiscal
years 2002 through 2007.
(b) USE OF FUNDS.—Using any authority available to the Secretary, the Secretary shall use funds made available under this section to carry out agricultural research, education, and extension
activities (including through competitive grants) for the following:
(1) To reduce the vulnerability of the United States food
and agricultural system to chemical or biological attack.
(2) To continue partnerships with institutions of higher
education and other institutions to help form stable, long-term
programs to enhance the biosecurity of the United States, including the coordination of the development, implementation,
and enhancement of diverse capabilities for addressing threats
to the Nation’s agricultural economy and food supply with special emphasis on planning, training, outreach, and research
activities related to vulnerability analyses, incident response,
and detection and prevention technologies.
(3) To make competitive grants to universities and qualified research institutions for research on counterbioterrorism.
(4) To counter or otherwise respond to chemical or biological attack.
SEC. 1485. ø7 U.S.C. 3352¿ AGRICULTURE RESEARCH FACILITY EXPANSION AND SECURITY UPGRADES.
(a) IN GENERAL.—To enhance the security of agriculture in the

United States against threats posed by bioterrorism, the Secretary
shall make expansion or security upgrade grants on a competitive
basis to colleges and universities (as defined in section 1404(4)).
(b) LIMITATION ON GRANTS.—Grants to a recipient under this
section shall not exceed $10,000,000 in any fiscal year.
(c) REQUIREMENTS FOR GRANTS.—The Secretary shall make a
grant under this section only if the grant applicant provides satisfactory assurances to the Secretary that—
(1) sufficient funds are available to pay the non-Federal
share of the cost of the proposed expansion or security upgrades; and
(2) the proposed expansion or security upgrades meet such
reasonable qualifications as may be established by the Secretary with respect to biosafety and biosecurity requirements
necessary to protect facility staff, members of the public, and
the food supply.
(d) ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR GRANTS FOR FACILITY
EXPANSION.—The Secretary shall make a grant under this section
for the expansion, renovation, remodeling, or alteration (collectively
referred to in this section as ‘‘expansion’’) of a facility only if the
grant applicant provides such assurances as the Secretary determines to be satisfactory to ensure the following:

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RESEARCH ACT OF 1977

Sec. 1483

(1) For not less than 20 years after the grant is awarded,
the facility shall be used for the purposes of the research for
which the facility was expanded, as described in the grant application.
(2) Sufficient funds will be available, as of the date of completion of the expansion, for the effective use of the facility for
the purposes of the research for which the facility was expanded.
(3) The proposed expansion—
(A) will increase the capability of the applicant to conduct research for which the facility was expanded; or
(B) is necessary to improve the quality of the research
of the applicant.
(e) AMOUNT OF GRANT.—The amount of a grant awarded under
this section shall be determined by the Secretary.
(f) FEDERAL SHARE.—The Federal share of the cost of any
expansion or security upgrade carried out using funds from a grant
provided under this section shall not exceed 50 percent.
(g) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized
to be appropriated to carry out this section such sums as are necessary for each fiscal year.

Subtitle O—Institutions of Higher
Education in Insular Areas
SEC. 1489. ø7 U.S.C. 3361¿ DEFINITION.

For the purposes of this subtitle, the term ‘‘eligible institution’’
means an institution of higher education (as defined in section
101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001(a)) in
an insular area that has demonstrable capacity to carry out teaching and extension programs in the food and agricultural sciences.
SEC. 1490. ø7 U.S.C. 3362¿ DISTANCE EDUCATION GRANTS FOR INSULAR AREAS.
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary may make competitive or non-

competitive grants to eligible institutions in insular areas to
strengthen the capacity of such institutions to carry out distance
food and agricultural education programs using digital network
technologies.
(b) USE.—Grants made under this section shall be used—
(1) to acquire the equipment, instrumentation, networking
capability, hardware and software, digital network technology,
and infrastructure necessary to teach students and teachers
about technology in the classroom;
(2) to develop and provide educational services (including
faculty development) to prepare students or faculty seeking a
degree or certificate that is approved by the State or a regional
accrediting body recognized by the Secretary of Education;
(3) to provide teacher education, library and media specialist training, and preschool and teacher aid certification to
individuals who seek to acquire or enhance technology skills in
order to use technology in the classroom or instructional process;

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(4) to implement a joint project to provide education regarding technology in the classroom with a local educational
agency, community-based organization, national nonprofit
organization, or business; or
(5) to provide leadership development to administrators,
board members, and faculty of eligible institutions with institutional responsibility for technology education.
(c) LIMITATION ON USE OF GRANT FUNDS.—Funds provided
under this section shall not be used for the planning, acquisition,
construction, rehabilitation, or repair of a building or facility.
(d) ADMINISTRATION OF PROGRAM.—The Secretary may carry
out this section in a manner that recognizes the different needs
and opportunities for eligible institutions in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
(e) MATCHING REQUIREMENT.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary may establish a requirement that an eligible institution receiving a grant under this
section shall provide matching funds from non-Federal sources
in an amount equal to not less than 50 percent of the grant.
(2) WAIVERS.—If the Secretary establishes a matching
requirement under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall retain an
option to waive the requirement for an eligible institution for
any fiscal year if the Secretary determines that the institution
will be unlikely to meet the matching requirement for the fiscal year.
(f) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is authorized to
be appropriated to carry out this section such sums as may be necessary for each of fiscal years 2002 through 2007.
SEC. 1491. ø7 U.S.C. 3363¿ RESIDENT INSTRUCTION GRANTS FOR INSULAR AREAS.
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Agriculture shall make

competitive grants to eligible institutions to—
(1) strengthen institutional educational capacities, including libraries, curriculum, faculty, scientific instrumentation,
instruction delivery systems, and student recruitment and
retention, in order to respond to identified State, regional, national, or international education needs in the food and agricultural sciences;
(2) attract and support undergraduate and graduate students in order to educate them in identified areas of national
need in the food and agriculture sciences;
(3) facilitate cooperative initiatives between two or more
insular area eligible institutions, or between those institutions
and units of State Government or organizations in the private
sector, to maximize the development and use of resources such
as faculty, facilities, and equipment to improve food and agricultural sciences teaching programs; and
(4) conduct undergraduate scholarship programs to assist
in meeting national needs for training food and agricultural
scientists.
(b) GRANT REQUIREMENTS.—
(1) The Secretary of Agriculture shall ensure that each eligible institution, prior to receiving grant funds under subsection (a), shall have a significant demonstrable commitment

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to higher education programs in the food and agricultural
sciences and to each specific subject area for which grant funds
under this section are to be used.
(2) The Secretary of Agriculture may require that any
grant awarded under this section contain provisions that require funds to be targeted to meet the needs identified in section 1402.
(e) 1 AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as are necessary for each of the
fiscal years 2002 through 2007 to carry out this section.

1 Probably

should be subsection (c).