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VS Manual
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NAHMSDate
Contents of VS Manual
VS MANUAL SECTIONS
1.
Training Agenda
2.
Study Background and Contacts
3.
VS Visit
4.
VS Questionnaire Manual
5.
Biologics Manual
6.
Reference Cards
Training Agenda
CONTENTS
Goat 2019 VS Training Agenda ................................................................. 3
VS Questionnaire Training ................................................................ 3
Biologics Training .............................................................................. 4
Section 1 Page 1
Section 1 Page 2
GOAT 2019 VS TRAINING AGENDA
VS QUESTIONNAIRE TRAINING
Section 1 Page 3
BIOLOGICS TRAINING
Section 1 Page 4
Study Background
and Contacts
CONTENTS
Goat 2019 Launch Sheet .....................................................................................3
Goat 2019 Timeline and Biological Benefits ......................................................5
Goat 2019 Producer Information Flyer ...............................................................7
Goat 2019 Study Timeline....................................................................................9
Study Schedule ..........................................................................................9
NAHMS Goat Conference Schedule ...........................................................9
Status Update Schedule .............................................................................9
Goat 2019 Workload Projections ........................................................................10
Goat 2019 Coordinator List .................................................................................11
Coordinator Shipping Address eses............................................................12
NAHMS Contacts and Sites .................................................................................14
NAHMS Goat 2019 Website .......................................................................14
NAHMS Email Address ..............................................................................14
NAHMS Mailing Address ............................................................................14
NAHMS Fax Number ..................................................................................14
Goat 2019 Tableau Workbook ....................................................................15
Section 2 Page 1
Section 2 Page 2
October 2018
NAHMS Goat 2019 Study
From July 1 through December 2019, the USDA’s
National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS), in
collaboration with the National Agricultural Statistics
Service (NASS), will conduct its second national study
of the U.S. goat industry. The NAHMS Goat 2019 study
will take an in-depth look at the priority issues facing
U.S. goat operations and provide new and valuable
information regarding animal health and management
practices in this growing industry. Approximately 4,700
goat producers from 25 of the Nation’s major goatproducing States (see map) will have the opportunity to
participate in the study, if they have an inventory of at
least five adult goats.
Background
A program within the USDA’s Animal Plant Health
Inspection Service (APHIS), NAHMS collects scientifically
accurate data for U.S. livestock, poultry, and aquaculture
industries on a rotating basis.
For the goat study, priority issues facing the industry
were identified from 1,272 responses via a needsassessment questionnaire and from input from meetings
with representatives from various segments of the goat
industry, including stakeholders and government
agencies.
“Through studies such as this one, we can
evaluate the needs of our goat populations. We
can be proactive and progressive in addressing
the pressing needs we face using the most
current data to support innovative ideas in
improving the ways we care for our goats.”
—Susan Myers, DVM, AASRP President
Study Focus
The NAHMS Goat 2019 study is designed to provide
individual participants and stakeholders with valuable
information on the U.S. goat industry. The NAHMS Goat
2019 study will
• Describe changes in animal health, nutrition, and
management practices from 2009 to 2019,
• Describe practices producers use to control internal
parasites and reduce anthelmintic resistance,
• Describe antimicrobial stewardship on goat
operations and estimate the prevalence of enteric
pathogens and antimicrobial resistance patterns,
• Describe management practices associated
with, and producer-reported occurrence of,
economically important goat diseases, and
• Provide a serologic bank for future research.
“The 2019 Goat study is an opportunity for U.S.
goat producers to have your voices heard. What
are the issues that matter most to you? How can
cooperative extension services, especially from
extension veterinarians, help you with these
issues? The information provided from the results
of this study will guide the priorities for future goat
research and program opportunities.”
—Dr. Patty Scharko, President
American Association of Extension Veterinarians
United States Department of Agriculture
•
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
•
Safeguarding American Agriculture
Section 2 Page 3
When is the study and how is it conducted?
Confidentiality
As previously mentioned, goat producers with an
inventory of at least 5 adult goats in 25 of the major goatproducing States will be asked to participate. Producers
that choose to complete both phase I and phase II of the
study will be offered free biologic testing.
Phase I—In July 2019, NASS representatives will
contact potential participants. Producers that choose to
participate will be administered a questionnaire and asked
if they would like to continue to phase II.
Phase II—Beginning in September 2019, goat
producers who agreed to continue in the study will be
contacted by APHIS or State veterinary health
professionals to schedule an in-person interview and
collect biologics. Free biologic testing will include pre- and
postdeworming fecal parasite egg counts, scrapie resistant
genotyping, and Salmonella, E. coli, and Campylobacter
culture results. Data collection will end in December 2019.
Because NAHMS relies on voluntary participation, the
privacy of every participant is protected. Only those
collecting the data know the identity of respondents. No
name or contact information will be associated with
individual data, and no data will be reported in a way that
could reveal the identity of a participant. Data are
presented only in an aggregate manner.
“Data collection, management practices, research
direction, and marketing strategies are all vital for
the well being of our goat industry. This NAHMS
study is a critical part of the future development
and advancement of our industry. Please take the
time to accurately complete the study which will
provide each participant specific information
about the health of their flock as well as providing
a quantum leap forward for our entire industry.”
—Tom Boyer
Producer and Past President of the American
Goat Federation
Benefits to participating
Producers that fully participate in the NAHMS Goat
2019 study will receive free
• Fecal-egg count reduction test results for
gastrointestinal parasites,
• Scrapie-resistant genotyping, and
• Salmonella, E. coli, and Campylobacter fecal
culture results.
•
•
•
The industry will benefit from
Current and scientifically valid estimates of
management practices and disease prevalence,
Important information regarding trade and the
overall health of the goat industry; and
Data that will help policymakers and industry to
make informed decisions, while at the same time
helping researchers and others identify vital issues
related to goat health and productivity.
United States Department of Agriculture
•
“…in addition to providing useful feedback to
participants about the health status of their goats,
the information from this study will play a critical
role in prioritizing [goat] research needs and
justifying research dollars…”
—Joan Dean Rowe, DVM
American Dairy Goat Association member and
breeder
A scientific approach
NAHMS collects and reports accurate and useful
information on animal health and management in the
United States. Since 1990, NAHMS has developed
national estimates on disease prevalence and other factors
related to the health of U.S. beef cattle, sheep, goats, dairy
cattle, swine, equine, poultry, and catfish populations.
The science-based results produced by NAHMS
have proven to be of considerable value to the U.S.
livestock, poultry, and aquaculture industries as well as
to other animal health stakeholders.
NAHMS studies are:
• National in scope,
• Science based,
• Statistically valid,
• Collaborative,
• Voluntary, and
• Confidential.
____________________________
For more information, contact:
USDA–APHIS–VS–CEAH–NAHMS
NRRC Building B, M.S. 2E7
2150 Centre Avenue
Fort Collins, CO 80526-8117
970.494.7000
Or visit NAHMS at http://www.aphis.usda.gov/nahms
#786.1018
____________________________________
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all
its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age,
disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status,
parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political
beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of an individual’s income is derived
from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all
programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for
communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.)
should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720–2600 (voice and
TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office
of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C.
20250–9410, or call (800) 795–3272 (voice) or (202) 720–6382 (TDD).
USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
•
Safeguarding American Agriculture
Section 2 Page 4
National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS)
2019 Goat Study Timeline
July - August 2019
September - December 2019
NASS1
Visit
• General Goat Management
Questionnaire
• Consent Form2
1National
Agricultural Statistics
Service (NASS)
2Producer consent for contact from
Veterinary Services (VS)
3Producer agrees to participate in
questionnaires and biologic testing
Veterinary Services
(VS) Visit
•
•
•
•
Producer Agreement3
VS Questionnaire
Agritourism Questionnaire (if applicable)
Biologic Testing:
Internal Parasite Test: Pre- and post-deworming fecal egg
counts and egg count reduction tests will give you information
about dewormer resistance on your operation. Do not deworm
60 days prior to VS Visit.
December 2019 onwards
Reports
• Producer Reports: Operation
specific biologic results mailed to
the producers approximately 3
months post-collection
• Data Analysis
• Descriptive Reports
Scrapie Genetic Test: DNA based blood test to identify genetic
resistance/susceptibility to scrapie.
Enteric Microbe Test: Detection of E. coli, Salmonella,
Campylobacter, Giardia, and Cryptosporidium in your goats.
Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae (M. ovi) Test: Nasal swab to test
for the bacterium M. ovi.
To learn more and access reports, visit
www.aphis.usda.gov/nahms or scan the
QR code above.
NAHMS 2019 Goat Study
Free Biological Testing
Total Savings of up to $2,467
Internal Parasite Test*
You Save:
$532
Scrapie Genetic Test*
You Save:
$450
Enteric Microbe Test*
You Save:
$1,485
Test includes:
Test includes:
Test includes:
Pre- and post-deworming fecal egg
counts and egg count reduction
tests will give you information
about dewormer resistance on
your operation. Do not deworm 60
days prior to VS Visit.
DNA based blood test to identify
genetic resistance/susceptibility to
scrapie.
Detection of E. coli, Salmonella,
Campylobacter, Giardia, and
Cryptosporidium in your goats.
* Biological testing costs includes: Diagnostic testing and an interpretive report of results
* Values based on estimated national average cost at diagnostic laboratories for the sampling of 15 goats
* Results are confidential
National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS)
United States Department of Agriculture
Animal and Plant Health
Inspection Services
Veterinary Services
2019
GOAT
STUDY
Did You KNOW?
Selected
participants can
receive FREE
biological testing.
Every 10 years, the U.S. Department of
Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health
Inspection Service, Veterinary Services’ National Animal Health
Monitoring System (NAHMS) conducts a National Goat Survey. This is
NAHMS’ second National Study of the U.S. goat industry. The first NAHMS
goat study occurred in 2009, and another study will not occur for at least
10 years.
Why PARTICIPATE?
Your participation in the NAHMS 2019 Goat Study will provide the goat
industry—and fellow producers—with new and valuable information
regarding goat health and management.
Information from the study will be used to help develop
new treatments, control, and prevention
mechanisms for common goat diseases, and
How it WORKS?
Selected participants receive a 2019 Goat
Study packet in the mail from the
National Agricultural Statistics
Service (NASS). A few weeks later, a
NASS representative contacts you to
set up a time to complete the
questionnaire. Questionnaires are usually
To learn more, visit www.aphis.usda.gov/nahms
Includes preand postdeworming
testing and
scrapie genetic
testing.
If you have been
selected to
participate and
would like more
information, please
contact your local
representative at:
866-907-8190
help guide future research and education
efforts.
completed during an in-person interview
and take approximately one to two hours to
complete.
Oops—Did You Lose Your PACKET?
If you accidently lost your 2019 Goat Study
packet, or if you have not heard from your
NASS representative, call 866-907-8190.
NAHMS Doc #451.0818
Section 2 Page 7
For More Information...
To access reports from previous NAHMS national studies or
information on upcoming studies, visit the NAHMS Web site at
www.aphis.usda.gov/nahms.
For further details, contact:
USDA-APHIS Veterinary Services,
Science, Technology, and Analysis Services
Center for Epidemiology and Animal Health
Attention: NAHMS
NRRC Building B, Mailstop 2E7
2150 Centre Avenue
Fort Collins, CO 80526-8117
Phone: (970) 494-7000
E-mail: [email protected]
NATIONAL ANIMAL HEALTH MONITORING SYSTEM (NAHMS)
AUGUST 2018
USDA IS AN EQUAL OPPORTUNITY PROVIDER, EMPLOYER, AND LENDER.
Section 2 Page 8
GOAT 2019 STUDY TIMELINE
STUDY SCHEDULE
Study Process
NASS Data Collection
Coordinator/Field Training Webinar
*two morning sessions, will be recorded
NASS consent form and participant turnover
*NAHMS Coordinators will sign an ADM-043 and a
Representative Agreement with NASS during a face
to face meeting
VMO visits
Biologics Collection
Date
July 1, 2019 – August 9, 2019
Early August 2019
By August 23, 2019
September 9 – December 15, 2019
September 9 – December 15, 2019
NAHMS GOAT CONFERENCE CALL SCHEDULE
Call in number: 888-844-9904
Access Code: 1209136
Time and Topic
Welcome and study overview
NASS – turnover, consent forms, NASS training
schools
Questionnaire Review
Biologic Review
TBD – additional conference call if needed
Date
February 2019
April 2019
April 2019
June 2019
July 2019
STATUS UPDATE SCHEDULE
We will be setting up Tableau Dashboards for each State that you will have access to. This
should help with tracking.
•
•
•
1st status report due the end of September
2nd status report due the end of October
3rd status report due the end of November
Section 2 Page 9
GOAT 2019 EXPECTED WORKLOAD PROJECTIONS
December 7, 2018
State
AL
AK
CA
CO
CT
FL
GA
IA
IN
KY
MI
MN
MO
NC
NY
OH
OKE1
OKW 1
OR
PA
TN
TXE2
TXW 2
VA
VT
WA
WI
NASS
Operations
138
50
616
250
89
126
137
180
132
145
121
159
171
137
140
137
132
233
233
149
155
176
393
135
93
211
182
NASS
Turnover
VMO
Biologics
Complete
Complete
Complete
73
47
27
17
27
18
11
7
324
209
118
74
132
85
48
30
47
31
18
12
67
44
25
16
72
47
27
17
95
61
35
22
70
45
26
17
77
50
28
18
64
42
24
15
84
54
31
20
90
58
33
21
72
47
27
17
74
48
27
17
72
47
27
17
70
45
26
17
123
79
45
28
123
79
45
28
79
51
29
18
82
53
30
19
93
60
34
22
207
133
75
47
71
46
26
17
49
32
18
12
111
72
41
26
96
62
35
22
1Eastern OK counties include: Adair, Bryan, Cherokee, Choctaw, Coal, Craig, Creek, Delaware, Haskell,
Hughes, Johnston, Latimer, Le Flore, Lincoln, Marshall, Mayes, McCurtain, McIntosh,
Muskogee, Nowata, Okfuskee, Okmulgee, Osage, Ottawa, Pawnee, Pittsburg,
Pontotoc, Pottawatomie, Pushmataha, Rogers, Sequoyah, Tulsa, Wagoner,
Washington
2Eastern
TX counties include: Anderson, Angelina, Atascosa, Austin, Bastrop, Bee, Bowie, Brazoria,
Brazos,Brooks, Burleson, Cameron, Cass, Cherokee, Collin, Colorado, Dallas, De Witt,
Duval, Ellis, Fannin, Franklin, Galveston, Gonzales, Grayson, Gregg, Grimes, Hall,
Hardin, Harris, Henderson, Hidalgo, Hopkins, Houston, Hunt, Jackson, Jasper,
Jefferson, Jim Wells, Karnes, Kaufman, Kenedy, Kleberg, Lamar, Lavaca, Lee, Leon,
Liberty, Limestone, Live Oak, Madison, Matagorda, Milam, Montgomery, Morris,
Nacogdoches, Navarro, Nueces, Orange, Panola, Rains, Red River, Refugio,
Robertson, Rusk, San Jacinto, Shelby, Smith, Starr, Titus, Tyler, Upshur, Van Zandt,
Victoria, Walker, Waller, Washington, Wilson, Wood
Section 2 Page 10
GOAT 2019 COORDINATOR LIST
State/FIPS
& district
Name
Email
Phone Number(s)
AL 01
D1
Ansley Gwyn
Tramaine Creighton
[email protected]
[email protected]
205-224-2085 (cell)
334-320-5393 (cell)
334-551-2180 (office)
AK 02
D3
Sarah Coburn
Bob Gerlach
[email protected]
[email protected]
907-375-8213
907-375-8214
CA 06
D3
Lauren England
[email protected]
650-784-3790
CO 08
D3
Melissa Cleavinger
[email protected]
405-435-9558 (cell)
CT 09
D1
Natalie Cohen*
[email protected]
860-625-0705
FL 12
D1
Richard Austin
[email protected]
850-410-0953
GA 13
D1
Krista Surles
[email protected]
770-761-5423
678-215-8898 (cell)
IN 18
D2
Lynn Wachtman
[email protected]
317-347-3106
317-430-6312 (cell)
IA 19
D2
Jim Lee
[email protected]
515-323-2104
774-276-7787 (cell)
KY 21
D2
Dallas Meek
[email protected]
502-848-2042
502-682-5826 (cell)
MI 26
D2
Nicole McPherson
[email protected]
517.337.4700
517-375-4488 (cell)
MN 27
D2
Robyn Corcoran-Flaherty
[email protected]
612.246.9190
612-246-9190 (cell)
MO 29
D4
Royce Wilson
Kimberly Gish
[email protected]
[email protected]
573-680-0791 (cell)
573-658-9844
NY 36
D1
Bryan Cherry
[email protected]
518-429-1887
NC 37
D1
Leslie Kent
[email protected]
919-855-7715
OH 39
D2
Mark Lyons
[email protected]
614-856-4744
614-592-7954 (cell)
OK 40
D4
Jill Duel
[email protected]
405-751-1701
918-388-7960 (cell)
OR 41
D3
Aimee Hunt*
[email protected]
360-956-7907
515-686-1435 (cell)
PA 42
D1
Rebecca Ita
[email protected]
717.540.2777
717-303-7494 (cell)
TN 47
D1
Leslie Cmach
Keren Rozensher
[email protected]
[email protected]
512-383-2449
502-682-2232 (cell)
678-215-4643 (Keren cell)
TX 48
D4
Luisa Collins
Amy Green
[email protected]
[email protected]
512-383-2449
915-539-0112
VT 50
D1
Natalie Cohen*
[email protected]
860-625-0705
VA 51
D1
Lynn Tobias
[email protected]
804-343-2560
540-520-0142 (cell)
WA 53
D3
Aimee Hunt*
Susan Kerr
[email protected]
[email protected]
360-956-7907
515-686-1435 (cell)
360-848-6151 (Susan)
WI 55
D2
Doris Olander
Brenda Aeschbach
[email protected]
[email protected]
608-444-5237 (cell)
608-416-9027
25 Total
States
*= coordinator for more
than 1 state
Section 2 Page 11
GOAT 2019 COORDINATOR SHIPPING ADDRESSES
Please confirm this is where you want study materials sent.
State/FIPS
& district
Name
Shipping Address
AL 01
Ansley Gwyn
Tramaine Creighton
USDA: APHIS: VS
1445 Federal Drive, Room 228
Montgomery, AL 36107
AK 02
Sarah Coburn
Bob Gerlach
Office of the State Veterinarian
5251 Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Avenue
Anchorage, AK 99507
CA 06
LaurenEngland
USDA: APHIS:VS
10365 Old Placerville Road, Suite 210
Sacramento, CA 95827
CO 08
Melissa Cleavinger
USDA: APHIS:VS
755 Parfet Street, Suite 136
Lakewood, CO 80215
CT 09
Natalie Cohen*
USDA: APHIS: VS
160 Worcester Providence TPKE
Sutton, MA 01590
FL 12
Richard Austin
USDA: APHIS: VS
407 S Calhoun Street, Room 331
Tallahassee, FL 32399
GA 13
Krista Surles
USDA: APHIS:VS
1506 Klondike Road, Suite 300
Conyers, GA 30094
IN 18
Lynn Wachtman
USDA: APHIS: VS
5685 Lafayette Road, Suite 400
Indianapolis, IN 46254
IA 19
Jim Lee
USDA: APHIS: VS
210 Walnut Street, Room 891
Des Moines, IA 50309
KY 21
Dallas Meek
USDA: APHIS: VS
105 Corporate Drive, Suite H
Frankfort, KY 40601
MI 26
Nicole McPherson
USDA: APHIS: VS
3001 Coolidge Road, Suite 325
East Lansing, MI 48823
MN 27
Robyn Corcoran-Flaherty
USDA: APHIS: VS
251 Starkey Street, Suite 229
Saint Paul, MN 55107
MO 29
Royce Wilson
Kimberly Gish
USDA: APHIS: VS
1715 Southridge Drive
Jefferson City, MO 65109
NY 36
Bryan Cherry
2430 River Road
Niskayuna, NY 12309
NC 37
Leslie Kent
USDA: APHIS: VS
920 Main Campus Drive, Suite 200
Raleigh, NC 27606
OH 39
Mark Lyons
USDA; APHIS: VS
12927 Stonecreek Drive
Pickerington, OH 43147
OK 40
Jill Duel
USDA: APHIS: VS
12304 Market Drive, Suite A
Oklahoma City, OK 73114
OR 41
Aimee Hunt*
USDA: APHIS: VS
1550 Irving Street SW, Suite 100
Tumwater, WA 98512
Section 2 Page 12
GOAT 2019 COORDINATOR SHIPPING ADDRESSES
Please confirm this is where you want study materials sent.
PA 42
Rebecca Ita
USDA: APHIS: VS
2300 Vartan Way, Suite 250
Harrisburg, PA 17110
TN 47
Leslie Cmach
USDA: APHIS: VS
440 Hogan Road, Jennings Bldg.
Nashville, TN 37220
TX 48
Luisa Collins
Amy Green
USDA: APHIS: VS
903 San Jacinto BLVD., Room 220
Austin TX, 78701
VT 50
Natalie Cohen*
USDA: APHIS: VS
160 Worcester Providence TPKE
Sutton, MA 01590
VA 51
Lynn Tobias
1695 Craigs Mountain Road
Christiansburg, VS 24073
WA 53
Aimee Hunt*
Susan Kerr
USDA: APHIS: VS
1550 Irving Street SW, Suite 100
Tumwater, WA 98512
WI 55
Doris Olander
Brenda Aeschbach
USDA: APHIS: VS
1111 Deming Way
Madison, WI 53717
Section 2 Page 13
NAHMS CONTACTS AND SITES
CONTACTS
Name
Dr. Amy Delgado
Dr. Katherine Marshall
Dr. Natalie Urie
Dr. Alyson Wiedenheft
Ms. Abby Zehr
Phone
Number
Title
NAHMS
Director
Study Co-lead
Vet/Epi
Study Co-lead
Vet/Epi
Biologics
Coordinator
Field Liaison
E-Mail
(970) 494-7302
[email protected]
(970) 494-7259
[email protected]
(970) 494-7151
[email protected]
(970) 494-7290
[email protected]
(970) 494-7252
[email protected]
NAHMS Goat 2019 Website
Study materials, including outreach material, training videos, Tableau tracking dashboards, and
questionnaires, can be found at the following web address:
https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/ourfocus/animalhealth/monitoring-andsurveillance/nahms/goat_questionnaires
NAHMS EMAIL
[email protected]. gov
Please emails for kit requests and questions to Abby Zehr. You may also scan and email
documents to Abby.
Note: Initial kit orders will be placed my NAHMS according to State turnover numbers, but
additional kits can be requested by emailing Abby.
NAHMS MAILING ADDRESS
USDA: APHIS: VS: NAHMS
2150 Centre Avenue Bldg. B., Mail Stop 2E7
Fort Collins, CO 80526
Please send questionnaires, by UPS, to the attention of Abby Zehr. Please insure your
shipments have a tracking number.
NAHMS FAX
(970) 494-7228
Section 2 Page 14
GOAT 2019 TABLEAU WORKBOOK
A Tableau workbook will be updated throughout the study to track the progress of the study.
This workbook will include a Directory for field staff, State level data, farm assignments,
questionnaire status, biologics status, and biologics kit orders. A link to Tableau workbook can
be found at the NAHMS Goat 2019 Website (see link above).
Section 2 Page 15
Section 2 Page 16
VS Visit
CONTENTS
Before the Visit .................................................................................................... 3
2019 NAHMS General Goat Management Questionnaire Information ............. 3
Study Materials .................................................................................................... 3
Preparation for the Interview .............................................................................. 4
Phone Script for Contacting the Producer ........................................................ 6
Materials to Bring for the VS Visit ...................................................................... 7
Producer Agreement Instructions ...................................................................... 8
Goat 2019 Producer Agreement ......................................................................... 9
VS Questionnaire Information ............................................................................ 11
Section 3 Page 1
Section 3 Page 2
BEFORE THE VISIT
This section covers several topics regarding the VS field visit. It is important to thoroughly
review this material before you make the initial call to the Producers. You should read
through the Goat 2019 Launch Sheet and the Goat 2019 Timeline and Biological Benefits
Sheet (Section 2) to familiarize yourself with the different aspects of the Goat 2019 Study.
Also, please look though the VS Initial Questionnaire (Section 4) before you call the
Producers so that you can give them an idea of the types of questions we will be asking.
a. Coordinators will meet with NASS Reginald Field Officers by 8/23/2019 to sign an
ADM-043 form and a NASS Representative Agreement. During the in-person visit,
the coordinators will receive the consent forms for operation wanted to participate in
the VS phase.
b. VS Veterinary Medical Officers (VMOs) and Animal Health Technicians (AHTs)
should meet with NAHMS coordinators to sign the ADM-043 form and receive contact
information for the assigned operations.
2019 NAHMS GENERAL GOAT MANAGEMENT
QUESTIONNAIRE INFORMATION
The data from the General Goat Management Questionnaire (GGMG) completed by the
NASS Enumerators is collected July-August 2019. The paper consent forms for the
Producers who agreed to have their names turned over (turnover data) to VS (and who you
will be contacting) is scheduled be given to the Goat 2019 NAHMS Coordinators by August,
23, 2019.
To meet confidentiality requirements, NASS must obtain the Producer's written permission to
release the Producer's name, address, telephone number, email address, and contact notes
to APHIS personnel. Signing the consent form does not obligate the Producer to participate
in the rest of the study. Respondents do not need to make a decision about participating in
the VS phase (Phase II) of the study until the time of the visit by the VS data collector. The
VS data collector can explain the purpose and scope of the VS Phase during the visit. Some
Producers may need encouragement from you to participate in the VS phase. One way you
can encourage participation is by discussing the benefits of the study to both the individual
and the goat industry, found in the Goat 2019 Study Launch Sheet and the Goat 2019
Timeline and Biological Benefits Sheet (Section 2). It is important to promote this study with
you speak to the Producers.
STUDY MATERIALS
You will receive the following materials from your NAHMS coordinator:
•
Producer Education Packet
The material in this packet will provide the Producer with general information about this
study along with other useful information related to goat industry. We encourage you to
go through the packet with the Producer during your visit.
Section 3 Page 3
•
Producer Agreement
The Producer Agreement is the contract between APHIS and the Producer. Both pages
of the Producer Agreement must be filled out completely and signed before any farm
information is obtained.
• VS Questionnaires
The VS Questionnaires consist of the VS Initial Questionnaire and the On-site
Agritourism Questionnaire. The VS Initial Questionnaire (Section 4) will be administered
during the visit by VS or State representatives between September 9 and December 6
2019. If the operation allows agritourism, then the On-site Agritourism Questionnaire
should also be administered by VS or State representatives.
• VS Reference Cards
Reference cards contain pertinent information such as lists of vaccines, anthelmintic, and
antibiotics, along with trade/brand names that can be used to help the Producer answer
some of the questions. These reference cards are attached to the VS Initial
Questionnaire, can be found in specific biologic kits, and are located in Section 6 of this
manual.
• Biologic Sampling Kits and Collection Forms
Kits to collect and record biologic samples will be shipped to the NAHMS Coordinators or
directly to field staff. NAHMS is going to pre-order kits for Coordinators based on the
NASS turnover data. Using the turnover data should help prevent excessive kit orders.
Additional kits can be ordered through NAHMS by Coordinators or field staff as needed.
The kits include sample collection forms, shipping information, and necessary supplies to
complete the collection. See Section 5 for more information regarding the Biologics
Collection.
PREPARATION FOR THE INTERVIEW
Review Questionnaires
Familiarize yourself with the VS Questionnaires in the VS Questionnarie Manual section
(Section 4) and the biological sampling collection procedures available in the Biologic Manual
section (Section 5)
Watch the Training Videos
Training videos can be found on the NAHMS Goat 2019 website:
https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/ourfocus/animalhealth/monitoring-andsurveillance/nahms/goat_questionnaires
•
•
•
•
VS training manual video (recorded from VS training sessions)
Mycoplasma ovipneumonia sensitivity training video
FAMACHA© card training video
Blood, swab, and fecal sampling videos
Contact the Producer
Call the Producer and identify yourself. Using the phone script (Section 3 Page 6), explain
you are contacting them to provide information about participation in Phase II of the NAHMS
Goat 2019 Study and that their name and phone number was provided to you by NASS
because they requested to be contacted regarding participation in the next phase of the
Section 3 Page 4
study. Please fill out the “Contact Attempt History” matrix found in the “Office Use Only”
section of the VS Initial Questionnaire.
It is important to administer the questionnaire to the person that is most knowledgeable about
the operation. This person needs to have the authority to participate in the study and will
need to sign the Producer Agreement.
Make an appointment to complete the interview. If directions provided by NASS are not clear,
get directions to the site, and then explain what will be covered and how long it will take
(about 1.25 hours to review the program and complete the VS Questionnaires with additional
time needed to collect the biologics). Tell the Producer that it will help to have production
records available during the interview in order to answer some of the questions.
It may be useful to provide the Producer your name and telephone number
when you speak for the first time. This will allow the Producer to contact you with
any questions or concerns prior to the interview or after the interview.
Section 3 Page 5
PHONE SCRIPT FOR CONTACTING THE PRODUCER
Phone Script: Hello, I am (give your name and position). I am calling about your
participation in Phase II of the National Animal Health Monitoring System Goat 2019 study.
Do you have a few minutes to talk to me now, or is there a better time for me to call you
back?
(If they say now is OK time to talk, continue.)
I am hoping to provide you with further information about the NAHMS Goat 2019 study. If you
are willing to participate, I would like to schedule a time to meet with you to complete Phase
II of the study, which includes free biological testing for parasites, scrapie genetic resistance,
information on presence of selected fecal pathogens, and Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae
testing. Just as a reminder, you would have gotten a few informational items about Phase II
of the study when you met with (name of the NASS representative, if available), the
National Agricultural Statistics Services representative on (mention the date consent form
from NASS was signed). Do you have any questions I could answer on the phone today
about the Phase II of the NAHMS goat study?
(Once you have answered their questions about Phase II then provide them with
information that would be helpful to know for answering the VS questionnaire.)
Having records on hand can help reduce the time spent answering questions. The types of
records you might want to have available would include:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Inventory (births, abortions, ages)
Vaccinations
Disease presence and testing (including deworming)
Death losses
Antibiotic use
Protocols (kidding, doe dryoff, biosecurity)
Agritourism business/sales records (For agitourisms operations only)
Are you interested in completing the following biological testing?
•
•
•
•
Pre and post-deworming fecal testing
o NOTE: Operation must not have dewormed in the past 60 days to be eligible
Blood collection for Scrapie resistance genetic testing
Fecal pathogen testing to look for E. coli, Salmonella, Campylobacter, Giardia, and
Cryptosporidium
Nasal swabs to test for Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae
When would you be available to meet with me?
Can you give me directions to where I can meet you to complete the consent form, the
questionnaire, and provide any testing you are interested in? Would you like an emailed
copy of the questionnaire prior to our meeting to familiarize yourself with its contents?
Thank you for your willingness to participate in the study.
Section 3 Page 6
MATERIAL TO BRING TO THE VS VISIT
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Goat 2019 VS Training Manual
Goat 2019 Producer Education Packet
Producer Agreement
VS Questionnaires (VS Initial Questionnaire and the On-site Agritourism
Questionnaire)
Biological Sampling Kits (1 Enteric Pathogen kit, 1 Parasite Kit A and Kit B (taped
together), and 1 Blood/Swab Kit)
Gloves
Extra Lubricant (some lubricant will be supplied in the kits)
Alcohol Pads
Vacutainter Needles (if you prefer different gauges or lengths than what is provided)
Pen/Pencil
Calculator
Business cards
Section 3 Page 7
PRODUCER AGREEMENT INSTRUCTIONS
The Goat 2019 Producer Agreement is the contract between APHIS and the Producer. The
first page of the agreement must be filled out completely and signed before the questionnaire
can be administered.
The second page is completed after you explain the biological sampling to the Producer. On
this page, the Producer will initial the appropriate blanks to indicate their interest in
participating in biological sampling.
Confidentiality
Items 3 and 4 on the first page of the Producer Agreement specifically state that data
collected by NAHMS will be kept confidential and will not be used for regulatory purposes.
The exception to data confidentiality is the suspicion or diagnosis of a dangerously
contagious, infectious, or exotic disease foreign to the United States on the Producer’s
premises, such as foot-and-mouth disease.
Signatures
At the bottom of the first page of the Goat 2019 Producer Agreement, the Federal or State
representative signs and fills in the date on the appropriate line. The Producer or authorized
representative signs and dates on the line indicated.
Biological Sampling Agreement
The Producer must initial the appropriate column for each type of biological sampling offered.
Participation in any of the biological sampling is voluntary. For example, if the Producer
agrees to complete all biological sampling then they must initial under “I AGREE TO
PARTICIPATE” for each biologic sampling on page 2 of the Producer Agreement. Items 14
(nasal swabs) and 15 (vaginal swabs) can only be offered if the producer also agrees to item
13 (blood-serum collection). The Producer will be responsible for collecting and shipping
Parasite Kit B, so it is important to make sure the Producer understands what is involved for
this biologic sample before he/she agrees to participate.
The WHITE copy of the Producer Agreement should be mailed to your NAHMS
Coordinator. The YELLOW copy of the Producer Agreement is left with the Producer.
Retain your copies of the Producer Agreement until Notified by NAHMS staff to destroy them.
Section 3 Page 8
National Animal Health
Monitoring System
Goat 2019
General
Producer Agreement
Animal and
Plant Health
Inspection
Service
Veterinary
Services
2150 Centre Ave, Bldg B
Fort Collins, CO 80526
Form Approved
OMB Number 0579-0354
Expires:
The U.S. Department of Agriculture's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), the State of _______________, and
the Producer hereby enter into this National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) Goat 2019 PRODUCER
AGREEMENT, the terms of which are set forth below.
1.
APHIS and/or the State of __________________ will provide personnel who will be referred to as the Data Collector. The
Data Collector and the Producer will participate together in implementing a statistically valid NAHMS study for determining
national estimates of goat-health practices and for compiling health information to enhance goat production. The Data
Collector and the Producer will complete a personal interview.
2.
The Producer will assist APHIS by providing accurate information regarding goat-health and management practices
related to the study objectives. The Producer retains the right to refuse any questions deemed inappropriate.
3.
The Data Collector will keep the origin of the data confidential by recording the data with the Producer’s unique code number
only. The Data Collector will not keep any key to the code after the completion of the study. The Data Collector and all other
project personnel acknowledge that the Producer is providing information and samples that he/she does not customarily share
and is providing it with the expectation that it will not be made public. The one exception to data confidentiality is the
suspicion or diagnosis of a dangerously contagious, infectious, or exotic disease foreign to the United States on the Producer’s
premises (e.g., foot-and-mouth disease), in which case further investigation and possible action may occur.
4.
Data collected by the Data Collector will not be used for regulatory purposes. However, information on a Producer’s
animals revealed from sources unrelated to the Goat 2019 study, such as testing and inspection for movement or sale of
animals or tracebacks on testing done at slaughter, may cause regulatory action to be initiated by the State or APHIS.
5.
APHIS may publish, or authorize others to publish, the aggregate (summary) findings acquired from NAHMS for the benefit
of the goat industry, allied private industry, and other interested groups, but will ensure that the identity of the Producer is
withheld. APHIS may not publish, or authorize others to publish, individual responses. APHIS may perform additional testing,
or authorize others to perform additional testing of samples collected through the study, for the benefit of the goat industry,
but will ensure that the identity of the Producer is withheld.
6.
After completion of data reporting by the Producer, upon request, APHIS will provide the Producer with reports containing
aggregated, summary results from the study. The Producer can obtain any further information available from this study by
accessing the NAHMS website or subscribing to the NAHMS goat mailing list at [email protected]
7.
The Producer will complete a brief evaluation of the Goat 2019 study, the results of which will be used to assist APHIS in the
design and implementation of future NAHMS surveys.
8.
Any changes to or waivers of the terms of this PRODUCER AGREEMENT shall be binding on APHIS and the STATE of
___________________ and the Producer only if they are put in writing by each party.
9.
The effective data collection period of this PRODUCER AGREEMENT shall begin with today’s date of ____/____/____ and
end no later than January 30, 2020.
Continued on next page with biological testing.
/date
VS Employee, U.S. Department of Agriculture, APHIS
OR _____________ Department of Agriculture
Producer or authorized representative
/date
According to the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, an agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to
respond to, a collection of information unless it displays a valid OMB control number. The valid OMB control number for this
information collection is 0579-0354. The time required to complete this information collection is estimated to average 15
minutes per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and
maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information.
NAHMS-452
JUN 2019
Section 3 Page 9
Biologic Sampling by Data Collector – Fecal Pathogens
Producer consents and authorizes the Data Collector to collect fecal
10. samples from up to 25 goats. All samples will be tested for
Campylobacter, Salmonella, generic E. coli, Giardia, and
Cryptosporidium. The Producer will receive positive/negative results,
usually within 3 months of collection.
A subset of these samples will be tested for other fecal bacteria, such as
Enterococcus. These results will not be returned to the Producer.
(Producer to initial appropriate column.)
I AGREE to
participate
I DO NOT
want to
participate
____________
___________
____________
___________
____________
___________
____________
___________
Biologic Sampling by Data Collector/Producer – Fecal Parasites
11. Producer consents and authorizes the Data Collector to collect samples
from up to 25 goats, rectally, prior to deworming. The samples will be
tested for internal parasites. The Producer will be responsible for
collecting post-deworming fecal samples from the same goats 10-14
days after deworming. The Producer will receive results usually within 3
months of post-deworming collection.
(Producer to initial appropriate column.)
Biologic Sampling by Data Collector – Blood
12. Producer consents and authorizes the Data Collector to collect up to 15
blood samples from does and bucks (greater than 15 months of age) to
be tested for the presence of genotypes thought to be resistant to scrapie.
Results will usually be sent to the Producer within 3 months of
collection.
(Producer to initial appropriate column.)
Biologic Sampling by Data Collector – Blood (Serum)
13. Producer consents and authorizes the Data Collector to collect up to 25
blood samples from does (greater than 15 months of age) to be stored in
a serum bank for future research into diseases of concern to the goat
industry. Results will not be returned to the producer.
(Producer to initial appropriate column.)
Continue if the Producer agrees to number 13. Nasal and vaginal swabs samples will be collected on the
same does that have blood (serum) collected.
Biologic Sampling by Data Collector- Nasal Swabs
Sampling from the same does that were sampled in number 13.
14. Producer consents and authorizes the Data Collector to collect up to
25 nasal swabs from does. Samples will be tested for the presence of
Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae. Results will be sent to the Producer within
3 months of collection.
____________ ___________
(Producer to initial appropriate column.)
Biologic Sampling by Data Collector- Vaginal Swabs
Sampling from the same does that were sampled in number 13.
15. Producer consents and authorizes the Data Collector to collect up to
15 vaginal swabs from does. Samples will be tested for the presence of
Coxiella burnetii. These results will not be returned to the Producer.
(Producer to initial appropriate column.)
____________
___________
Section 3 Page 10
VS QUESTIONNAIRE INFORMATION
The VS Questionnaires (the VS Initial Questionnaire and the On-site Agritourism Questionnaire
are completed during the VS in-person interview. These questionnaires include questions about
herd management and sales practices, vaccination and testing practices, disease control,
illness, deaths, nutrition management, and opinions on the significance of health problems. The
VS Initial Questionnaire should be administered to all participating operations with 1 or more
goats on the operation. The On-site Agritourism Questionnaire should be administered to
operations with 1 or more goats that allowed agritourism in the last 12 months.
During the administration of the VS Questionnaires, read all questions to the Producer and
follow instructions carefully. DO NOT LEAVE ANY QUESTIONS BLANK unless instructed to
skip. Questions left blank hinder data validation and analysis because it is not known if the
question was missed accidentally or if the Producer did not have an answer. We may request
you re-contact the Producer for missing data or clarification.
If the response is zero (0), enter the number 0; do not leave the response blank. If
the Producer does not know, work with him or her to try to estimate the answer. If the
Producer does not have an answer, use DK or NA (described below) to indicate why
the question was not answered. Please write in the margins to explain unusual
circumstances or answers.
If the Producer doesn't know, circle "DK" in the response line or write in "DK" and explain in the
margin the problem the Producer had with the question. If a question is not applicable to the
Producer, circle "NA" in the response line or write in "NA" and again explain in the margin.
If the answer is unusual or quality of the data is questionable, record the answer and write notes
next to the question explaining the abnormal data. Do not hesitate to write comments directly on
the questionnaire. We would rather have a lengthy explanation for a strange answer than no
explanation at all. If an answer does not make sense and has no explanation, we may have
your coordinator ask you to explain the answer.
At times during the interview, a Producer may feel uncomfortable providing the requested data
without consulting records. Producers should be given additional time to look up the information
or report it by telephone to you later as long as the timeliness of data submission is not
adversely affected. Also, some Producers may be reluctant to provide estimates where records
are not available. In this case, the Producer should be encouraged to respond, and the
circumstances for the response should be noted in the margin next to the pertinent question.
We will take these notes into account when assessing overall data quality for the site.
NAHMS is a voluntary program. If the Producer doesn't want to answer a question,
respect this request, make a note on the questionnaire, and move on to the next
question.
Return the completed questionnaire to your NAHMS Coordinator within 3 working days of the
visit.
Section 3 Page 11
Nonrespondent Documentation
We must account for all operations turned over by NASS. If a Producer declines to participate or
could not be reached, complete the “Office Use Only” section of the questionnaire. Include the
State, operation number, interviewer’s initials, date, time spent talking with the Producer, travel
time (if any), data collector information, contact attempt history, and the Producer’s reason for
declining in the “Office Use Only” section. Send this page to the coordinator within 3 days.
You may copy the final page of the questionnaire to complete for non-respondents.
Section 3 Page 12
VS Questionnaire Manual
CONTENTS
Goat 2019 VS Initial Questionnaire (Dairy Operation Questionnaire) .............. 3
Goat 2019 On-site Agritoursim Questionnaire .................................................. 37
Goat 2019 VS Initial Questionnaire Guide ......................................................... 47
Initial Information ....................................................................................... 48
Section A: Inventory................................................................................... 49
Section B: Preventive Practices ................................................................. 50
Section C: Kidding Management................................................................ 56
Section D: Parasite Control........................................................................ 61
Section E: Goat and Herd Health ............................................................... 64
Section F: Antimicrobial Use in Feed and Water ........................................ 68
Section G: Health Conditions and Losses .................................................. 70
Dairy Operation Questionnaire Guide................................................................ 74
Initial Information ....................................................................................... 74
Section H: Dairy Inventory ......................................................................... 74
Section I: General Management ................................................................ 76
Section J: Kidding Management ................................................................ 78
Section K: Milk Marketing .......................................................................... 80
Section L: Milking Procedures.................................................................... 82
Section M: Milk Quality .............................................................................. 85
Section N: Dry Doe Procedures ................................................................. 88
Section O: Office Use Only ....................................................................... 89
On-site Agritourism Questionnaire Guide ......................................................... 91
Initial information ....................................................................................... 91
On-site Agritourism Questions ................................................................... 93
Office Use.................................................................................................. 101
Section 4 Page 1
Section 4 Page 2
Animal and
Plant Health
Inspection
Service
Veterinary
Services
Goat 2019
VS Initial
Questionnaire
National Animal Health
Monitoring System
2150 Centre Ave Bldg B
Fort Collins, CO 80526
Form Approved
OMB Number 0579-0354
Expiration date:
State FIPS: ________ Operation #: __________
Interviewer: ______
Date: _____________
Arrival time at operation: ________
Section A—Inventory
1.
How many kids and goats do you have on this
operation today?
a. Preweaned Kids ............................................................................................................ g101
_____ head
b. Weaned Kids (less than 1 year old) .............................................................................. g102
_____ head
c.
Adult does (1 year old or older) ..................................................................................... g103
_____ head
d. Adult bucks and wethers (1 year old or older) .............................................................. g104
_____ head
e. Total [Add 1a to 1d.] ...................................................................................................... g105
_____ head
[IF no kids or goats, then go to Section O.]
According to the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, an agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to
respond to a collection of information unless it displays a valid OMB control number. The valid OMB control number for this
information collection is 0579-0354. The time required to complete this information collection is estimated to average 1 hour
and 15 minutes per response, including the time to review instructions, search existing data resources, gather the data
needed, and complete and review the information collected.
NAHMS-453
Date
Section 4 Page 3
Section B—Preventive Practices
1. Do you have a written herd health management plan for your operation? ..................... g201
1 Yes
3 No
a. Veterinarian ................................................................................................................ g202
1 Yes
3 No
b. Extension (university) ................................................................................................ g203
1 Yes
3 No
c.
Other producers ......................................................................................................... g204
1 Yes
3 No
d. Reference materials (online or book) ........................................................................ g205
1 Yes
3 No
e. Other (specify: __________________________) g206oth ............................................. g206
1 Yes
3 No
If Yes, were any of the following resources used in the development of the plan?
2. In the last 12 months, did this operation normally require or perform
individual animal testing for any of the following diseases:
Resident goats
in herd
New additions
[SKIP if no new additions.]
a. Caprine arthritis encephalitis (CAE)? .............................. g207/g215
1 Yes
3 No
1 Yes
3 No
b. Johne’s (paratuberculosis)? ............................................ g208/g216
1 Yes
3 No
1 Yes
3 No
c.
Brucellosis? ..................................................................... g209/g217
1 Yes
3 No
1 Yes
3 No
d. Q fever (coxiellosis)? ....................................................... g210/g218
1 Yes
3 No
1 Yes
3 No
e. Caseous lymphadenitis (boils, CL, abscesses)? ............ g211/g219
1 Yes
3 No
1 Yes
3 No
f.
Scrapie? ........................................................................... g212/g220
1 Yes
3 No
1 Yes
3 No
g. Tuberculosis? .................................................................. g213/g221
1 Yes
3 No
1 Yes
3 No
h. Other? (specify: _____________________) g214oth .......... g214/g222
1 Yes
3 No
1 Yes
3 No
3. During the previous 12 months, how many of your goats had abscesses,
boils, or lumps (typically on the head, neck, shoulder, or upper rear legs)? ................................. g223
_____ #
[If question 3 = 0, SKIP to question 5.]
4.
Were any of the following actions taken for animals with abscesses,
boils, or lumps?
a. Call the veterinarian ..................................................... g224
1 Yes
3 No
b. Cull the animal to market or slaughter ......................... g225
1 Yes
3 No
c.
1 Yes
3 No
Isolate the goats ........................................................... g226
i.
If Yes, how many days was the goat isolated? ................................................................ g227
d. Drain or lance the lumps .............................................. g228
i.
1 Yes
_____ (d)
3 No
If Yes, was the drainage disposed of away from the goat raising areas?
g229
1 Yes
3 No
e. Lab tests for caseous lymphadenitis
(CL)/abscesses (e.g., culture, SHI test) ……………… g230
1 Yes
3 No
Treat with antibiotics .................................................... g231
1 Yes
3 No
g. Inject a substance into the abscess/lump .................... g232
1 Yes
3 No
h. Other (specify: __________________) g233oth ............... g233
1 Yes
3 No
f.
5. During the previous 12 months, did any adult or kid goats on your operation receive any vaccines?g240
.........................................................................................................................
1 Yes 3 No
Section 4 Page 4
[If question 5 = No, SKIP to question 9.]
6. Which of the following vaccines were used during the previous 12 months for [read column heading]:
[Enter product code in appropriate columns for each vaccine used for the age groups listed. Use the Vaccine
Reference Card attached to the back of the questionnaire. IF don’t know product, write ‘99’ in space for vaccine]
CHECK box if you didn’t
have this class of goat
CLOSTRIDIAL vaccines?
Nursing kids
Weaned kids
Adult does
Adult bucks/
wethers
1
1
1
1
1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes 3 No
g241/g265/g281/g297
g242/g266g282/g298
[If column = Yes, enter product code for vaccine used.]
a. Clostridium type C and D for
enterotoxemia (overeating disease,
bloody scours, pulpy kidney
disease) [Not as part of a 7/8 way.]
b. Tetanus (Cl. tetani) [Not as part of a
7/8 way.]
c. 7- or 8 way vaccine (Blackleg,
malignant edema, Clostridium
chauvoei and/or Cl. septicum)
and/or Cl. novyi and/or Cl. Sordellii
and C D and T)
RESPIRATORY vaccines?
g244/g268/g284/g300
g245/g269g285/g301
g246/g270/g286/g302
1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes 3 No
g247/g271/g287/g303
d. Pneumonia
(Pasteurella/Mannheimia)
g248/g272/g288/g304
e. BRSV
g249/g273/g289/g305
f. Other respiratory vaccines
g250/g274/g290/g306
MASTITIS vaccines?
1 Yes 3 No
g251
g. Staph. aureus
g252
h. Gram negative (E. coli, J5)
g253
i. Other mastitis vaccines
g254
ANTI-ABORTION vaccines?
1 Yes 3 No
g255
j. EAE (Chlamydiophila abortus)
g256
k. Leptospirosis
g257
l. Campylobacter fetus/
jejuni (vibrio)
g258
OTHER vaccines?
m. CL (Abscesses, caseous
lymphadenitis)
n. Sore mouth
(contagious ecthyma)
1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes 3 No
g259/g275/g291/g307
g260/g276/g292/g308
g261/g277/g293/g309
o. Rabies
g262/g278/g294/g310
p. Scour control
g263/g279/g295/g311
q. Other vaccines
g264/g280/g296/g312
Section 4 Page 5
[If question 6a (Clostridium C and D) and question 6c = missing for adult does, SKIP to question 8.]
7. How frequently were adult does vaccinated for Clostridium C and D? [Check one only.]
g313
1 3 to 4 times a year
2 Twice a year
3 Annually
4 Less often than annually
8. Who vaccinated goats for sore mouth during the previous
12 months and did they wear gloves when administering the
vaccine?
1 NA (sore mouth vaccine not used) SKIP to question 9.
Gave vaccine
If Yes, were gloves worn?
a. Veterinarian ........................................................ g314/g318
1 Yes
3 No
1 Yes
2 DK
3 No
b. Farm worker(s) ................................................... g315/g319
1 Yes
3 No
1 Yes
2 DK
3 No
c.
Owner/operator .................................................. g316/g320
1 Yes
3 No
1 Yes
2 DK
3 No
d. Other (specify: ______________) g317oth ............. g317/g321
1 Yes
3 No
1 Yes
2 DK
3 No
[If question 8 is answered, SKIP to question 10.]
9. How important were the following reasons for not using
sore mouth vaccine in your herd?
a. High cost .......................................................................................... g322
1 Very
2 Somewhat
3 Not
b. Not easily obtainable ........................................................................ g323
1 Very
2 Somewhat
3 Not
c.
Mode of administration not convenient ............................................ g324
1 Very
2 Somewhat
3 Not
d. Vaccine is live .................................................................................. g325
1 Very
2 Somewhat
3 Not
e. Other goat owner/producer recommended against it ...................... g326
1 Very
2 Somewhat
3 Not
f.
Veterinarian recommended against it .............................................. g327
1 Very
2 Somewhat
3 Not
g. No history of sore mouth .................................................................. g328
1 Very
2 Somewhat
3 Not
h. Did not know it was available ........................................................... g329
1 Very
2 Somewhat
3 Not
a. A unique program developed specifically for this operation ............................................ g330
1 Yes
3 No
b. A State-sponsored certification program .......................................................................... g331
1 Yes
3 No
c.
1 Yes
3 No
10. Do you currently have any of the following type(s) of herd health management or
certification program(s) specifically to control or prevent Johne’s disease in your herd?
Other (specify: _____________________________) g332oth ............................................. g332
Section 4 Page 6
11. Which of the following measures do you practice to prevent
Johne’s disease in your herd?
a. Obtain newly acquired breeding does and bucks
from Johne’s-negative herds ........................ g333
1 Yes
3 No
4 NA (no breeding does/bucks acquired)
4 NA (no goats added)
b.
Use known, reputable source(s) of
goats (not sale barn) ................................... g334
1 Yes
3 No
c.
Prohibit contact with goats
from other operations ................................... g335
1 Yes
3 No
d.
Do not expose kids to feces of infected
or unknown status does ............................... g336
1 Yes
3 No
4 NA (no kids or no does)
e. Conduct definitive tests for Johne’s
at necropsy ................................................... g337
1 Yes
3 No
4 Don’t know
f.
1 Yes
3 No
1 Yes
3 No
Other measures (specify: ________) g338oth .. g338
g. Test any goats, sheep, or cows for Johne’s
g339
If 11g =Yes, do you test:
a. The goat herd annually
1 Yes
3 No g340
b. Any goats with clinical signs
(chronic weight loss despite a
good appetite)
1 Yes 3 No
4 NA (no goats with
clinical signs) g341
c. All incoming goats
1 Yes 3 No
4 NA (no goats added)
g342
d. All incoming sheep
1 Yes 3 No
4 NA (no sheep added)
g343
e. All incoming cows
1 Yes 3 No
4 NA (no cows added)
g344
What type of test(s) are used:
Fecal
1 Yes 3 No345b
Blood
1 Yes 3 No345f
Other
1 Yes 3 No345o
(specify: _______) g345oth
Fecal
1 Yes 3 No g346f
Blood
1 Yes 3 No g346b
Other
1 Yes 3 No g346o
(specify: _______) g346oth
Fecal
1 Yes 3 No g347f
Blood
1 Yes 3 No g347b
Other
1 Yes 3 No g347o
(specify: _______) g347oth
Fecal
1 Yes 3 No g348f
Blood
1 Yes 3 No g348b
Other
1 Yes 3 No g348o
(specify: _______) g348oth
Fecal
1 Yes 3 No g349f
Blood
1 Yes 3 No g349b
Other
1 Yes 3 No g349o
(specify: _______) g349oth
Section 4 Page 7
12, In the previous 12 months, were any paid or unpaid personnel, including owners and family members, who had duties
directly related to raising goats trained in the following procedures?
If Yes, enter the code indicating the primary person responsible for providing each type of training.
Training Personnel Codes
1 = Owner
2 = Manager/herdsman
3 = Other employees
Procedure
4 = Veterinarian
5 = University/extension personnel
6 = Other (specify: __________________) g356OTH
Training provided?
Training
personnel code
a. Identifying sick or injured animals
1 Yes 3 No
G357/G366
b. Animal handling
1 Yes 3 No
G358/G367
c. Euthanasia
1 Yes 2 NA 3 No
G359/G368
d. Kid rearing practices
1 Yes 2 NA 3 No
G360/G369
e. Husbandry procedures (e.g.,
disbudding, castration, tattooing)
1 Yes 2 NA 3 No
G361/G370
f. Transportation of goats
1 Yes
g. Milking routines
3 No
G362/G371
1 Yes 2 NA 3 No
G363/G372
h. Feeding and nutrition
1 Yes
3 No
i. Goat behavior
1 Yes 3 No
G365/G374
j. Other (Specify………..)
1 Yes 3 No
G375OTH
G364/G373
Section C—Kidding Management
1 Yes
1. During the previous 12 months, were any kids born on this operation? ................................ g401
3 No
Note: All remaining questions refer to the last completed kidding period.
[If question 1 = No, SKIP to section D.]
2. During the most recently completed kidding period:
a. How many kids were born alive: ................................................................................................ g402
______ #
b. How many kids were born dead: .............................................................................................. g403
______ #
c. Total kids born (2a+2b) .............................................................................................................. g404
______ #
3. During the most recently completed kidding period:
_____ h
a. How frequently (in hours) were kidding areas checked for newborns?..................................... g405
b. How often were navels dipped on newborn kids with a
chlorhexidine or iodine solution?............................................................g413
1 Always
2 Sometimes
c. Were kids physically separated from their dams prior to weaning off milk? ....................... g406
3 Never
1 Yes 3 No
[If question 3c = No, SKIP to question 5.]
Section 4 Page 8
4. During the most recently completed kidding period, How many hours or days
following birth were buck and doe kids separated
from their dams? [If <1 hour, enter closest quarter hour.]
a. Doe kids ............................................... g407/g409/g411
1 Removed immediately OR
_____ h
OR _____ d
b. Buck kids .............................................. g408/g410/g412
1 Removed immediately OR
_____ h
OR _____ d
Note: For the purposes of the next three questions, kidding areas are
specific areas to which does are moved to kid.
5. During the most recently completed kidding period, did this operation
use a separate area, specifically for kidding? ........................................................................ g414
1 Yes
3 No
[If question 5 = No, SKIP to question 8.]
6. On average, how many hours or days are does in the separate kidding area/pen?
[Answer to nearest quarter hour if <1 h.]
a. Prior to kidding [Enter 0 if moved during kidding.] ......................................... g415/g417
_____ h
OR _____ d
b. After kidding [Enter 0 if removed immediately after kidding.]......................... g416/g418
_____ h
OR _____ d
7. During the most recently completed kidding period, how frequently were the kidding areas cleaned
and disinfected? [Check one only for each column]
Note: Cleaning is defined as removing all bedding and fecal material and replacing
with clean bedding material.
Note: A chemical disinfectant includes: 1:10 bleach dilution, phenolic product (1 Stroke Environ® or
SynPhenol-3®) or an accelerated hydrogen peroxide product (Intervention®) or lime.
[Check one only for each column.]
Cleaning
Disinfection
1 Never cleaned
2 Cleaned once at the end of the kidding season
3 Cleaned multiple times throughout the kidding
season
4 Cleaned after each kidding
5 Other (specify: ________________) g419oth
g419
1 Never disinfected
2 Disinfected once at the end of the kidding season
3 Disinfected multiple times throughout the kidding
season
4 Disinfected after each kidding
5 Other (specify: ________________) g420oth
g420
8. What percentage of newborn does and bucks received colostrum by:
Doe kids
Buck kids
a. Hand feeding only; kids were separated from the mothers immediately
after birth and hand fed (e.g., teat feeder/bottle/tube feeder) ................. g430/g433
_____
_____ %
b. Both nursing the doe and hand feeding ................................................. g431/g434
_____
_____ %
c.
_____
_____ %
100%
100%
Nursing only ........................................................................................... g432/g435
[If questions 8c does and bucks = 100% (nursing only), SKIP to question 14.]
9. During the most recently completed kidding period, how many hours following birth did the
majority of newborn does and bucks get their first hand-feeding of colostrum?
[If <1 hour, enter closest quarter hour.]
a. Doe kids ............................................................................... g436/g438
1 Fed immediately OR
_____ h
b. Buck kids .............................................................................. g437/g439
1 Fed immediately OR
_____ h
Section 4 Page 9
10. How were the newborn doe and buck kids that were hand fed colostrum (question 8) normally fed?
Doe kids
Buck kids
[Check one only.] [Check one only.]
a. Bottle ....................................................................................................... g440/g443
1
1
b. Tube feeder (esophageal feeder) ........................................................... g441/g444
2
2
Bucket ..................................................................................................... g442/g445
3
3
c.
11. How many ounces of colostrum was normally
fed by hand to newborn doe and buck kids
Doe kids
Buck kids
a. At the first feeding?
[If allowed to nurse prior to hand feeding, enter 0.] ........................... g446/g449
_____
_____ oz
b. Total for all subsequent feedings in the first 24 h? ........................... g447/g450
_____
_____ oz
c.
_____
_____ oz
Total in the first 24 h (should equal a + b)? ....................................... g448/g451
12. During the most recently completed kidding period, for the first colostrum feeding,
what percentage of doe and buck kids on this operation
consumed colostrum from the following sources (for kids that nursed at first feeding) enter % kids in option 12a)?
Doe kids
Buck kids
a. Individual doe unpasteurized colostrum ........................................... g452/g459
_____
_____ %
b. Individual doe pasteurized colostrum ............................................... g453/g460
_____
_____ %
Pooled (mixed from multiple does) unpasteurized colostrum .......... g454/g461
_____
_____ %
d. Pooled (mixed from multiple does) pasteurized colostrum............... g455/g462
_____
_____ %
e. Commercial colostrum replacer or supplements................................ g456/g463
_____
_____ %
f.
Cow colostrum ................................................................................... g457/g464
_____
_____ %
g. Other (specify: ________________________) g458oth ......................... g458/g465
_____
_____ %
100%
100%
c.
13. What was the primary method used to store colostrum?
[Check one only.]
g466
1 Do not store colostrum
2 Stored without refrigeration
3 Stored in a refrigerator
4 Stored in a freezer
5 Other (specify: __________________________) g466oth
14. For the most recent kid crop, what percentage of doe and buck kids
received the following liquid diet types:
Doe kids
Buck kids
a. Nursing only ........................................................................... g467a/g478a
_____
_____ %
b. Nursed plus other liquid diet................................................... g467b/g478b
_____
_____ %
c.
_____
_____ %
100%
100%
Other liquid diet only .............................................................. g467c/g478c
d. Total
.................................................................................. g467d/g478d
[IF 14a = 100% for both does and bucks, SKIP to section D.]
Section 4 Page 10
15. What percent of doe and buck kids received the following liquid diet types:
Doe kids
Buck kids
a. Unpasteurized goat milk............................................................ g468/g479
_____
_____ %
b. Pasteurized goat milk ............................................................... g469/g480
_____
_____ %
c.
Unpasteurized waste goat milk .................................................g470/g481
_____
_____ %
d. Pasteurized waste goat milk .....................................................g471/g482
_____
_____ %
e. Cow milk .................................................................................... g472/g483
_____
_____ %
f.
Nonmedicated goat milk replacer .............................................g473/g484
_____
_____ %
g. Medicated goat milk replacer ....................................................g474/g485
_____
_____ %
h. Nonmedicated cow milk replacer ..............................................g475/g486
_____
_____ %
i.
Medicated cow milk replacer .....................................................g476/g487
_____
_____ %
j.
Other (specify: ____________________) g477oth ........................g477/g488
_____
_____ %
[Total can be >100% if kids are fed multiple liquid diet types.]
[If questions 15i both bucks and doe kids = 0 (no medicated cow milk replacer fed), SKIP to question 17.]
16. Of those kids that received medicated cow milk replacer, which of the
following medications were in the milk replacer?
a. CTC (chlortetracycline) .................................................................................................... g4891 Yes
2 DK 3 No
b. OTC (oxytetracycline) ...................................................................................................... g4901 Yes
2 DK 3 No
c.
2 DK 3 No
NT, Neo-Terramycin®, Neo-Oxy (neomycin and oxytetracycline) ................................... g4911 Yes
d. Deccox® (decoquinate)……………………………………………………………………
g492
1 Yes
2 DK 3 No
e. Bovatec® (lasalocid) ........................................................................................................ g4931 Yes
2 DK 3 No
f.
2 DK 3 No
Other (specify: _________________________________) g494oth ..................................... g4941 Yes
17. Excluding kids that nursed only, what percentage of doe and buck kids
were fed milk or milk replacer using the following equipment:
Doe kids
Buck kids
a. Bottle ................................................................................................. g495/g500
_____
_____ %
b. Bucket ............................................................................................... g496/g501
_____
_____ %
c.
Trough or mob feeder (e.g., milk bar) ............................................... g497/g502
_____
_____ %
d. In-line milk feeding system (free choice) ........................................... g498/g503
_____
_____ %
e. Other (specify: _______________________) g499oth .......................... g499/g504
_____
_____ %
[Total can be >100% if kids are fed with multiple methods.]
18. For the most recent kid crop, how frequently was milk feeding equipment
cleaned and disinfected? [Check one only for each column.]
A chemical disinfectant includes: 1:10 bleach dilution, phenolic product (1 Stroke Environ®
or SynPhenol-3®) or an accelerated hydrogen peroxide product (Intervention®)
Cleaning (rinsed with water ± soap)
Disinfection
1 Never cleaned
1 Never disinfected
2
3
4
5
6
After the kids were weaned and moved
Less than once a day
Once a day
After each feeding
Other (specify:________________) g505oth
g505
2
3
4
5
6
After the kids were weaned and moved
Less than once a day
Once a day
After each feeding
Other (specify:________________) g506oth
Section 4 Page 11
g506
Section D—Parasite Control
1. Which of the following categories best describes your use of the FAMACHA©
card/eye color score? [Check one only.]
g601
1 Had not heard of the FAMACHA© card before this study
2 Have seen or heard about the FAMACHA© card, but do not use
3 Have used the FAMACHA© card some
4 Regularly use the FAMACHA© card as management tool
[If question 1 = 1 or 2, SKIP to question 3.]
2. Do you use the FAMACHA© card to:
a. Identify or cull worm-susceptible goats or kids? .............................................................. g602
1 Yes
3 No
b. Selectively deworm goats or kids (e.g., only goats
with certain scores are dewormed)? ................................................................................ g603
1 Yes
3 No
c.
1 Yes
3 No
Other? (specify: ______________________________) g604oth ......................................... g604
3. During the previous 12 months, how many goats were tested for
internal parasites by any fecal test method listed in question 4 below? ................................................ g605
_____ #
[If question 3 = 0, SKIP to question 6.]
4. During the previous 12 months, how many of the following tests were performed
on goats in your herd? (Count each test separately. For example, if you have 20 goats and each one was tested
twice by fecal flotation, put “40” in 4.a. below)
a. Fecal flotation or fecal egg count (not as part of a fecal egg count reduction test) ...................... g606
_____ #
b. Fecal egg count reduction test (fecal egg count both before and after deworming)
[Count pre- and post-deworming as one.] ................................................................................. g607
_____ #
c.
DrenchRite® (lab test for resistance to dewormers) ..................................................................... g608
_____ #
d. Other (specify: _______________________________) g609oth ...................................................... g609
_____ #
[If 4a and 4b = 0 skip to question 6.]
5. During the previous 12 months who completed the majority of the fecal flotations
or fecal egg counts? [Check one only.]
g610
1 Self or employee on the operation
2 Private veterinarian
3 State/university laboratory
4 Private laboratory
4 Other (specify: ___________________________) g610oth
6. During the previous 3 years, did you deworm any goats
with medications or natural/alternative dewormers? .............................................................. g611
1 Yes
[If question 6 = No, SKIP to question 11.]
Section 4 Page 12
3 No
7. During the previous 12 months, how many kids
and adult goats on this operation were:
Kids
Adults
a. Never dewormed ............................................................................................ g612/g615
_____
_____ #
b. Dewormed once ............................................................................................. g613/g616
_____
_____ #
c.
Dewormed twice ............................................................................................. g614/g617
_____
_____ #
d. Dewormed three or more times...................................................................... g618/g619
_____
_____ #
[If question 7b-7d for both kids and adults=0 (never dewormed), SKIP to question 11.]
8. Did you use any of the following products to treat for worms (do not include
treatment for Coccidia) during the previous 12 months?
[For help categorizing specific products into anthelmintic class use the Anthelmintic Reference Card.]
a. High tannin concentrate plants (e.g., lespedeza, birdsfoot trefoil) ..................... g620
1 Yes 3 No 4 DK
b. Natural or alternative substances
c.
i.
Diatomaceous earth .................................................................................... g621
1 Yes 3 No 4 DK
ii.
Botanicals/herbs/cayenne pepper ...............................................................g622
1 Yes 3 No 4 DK
iii. Copper oxide particles ................................................................................. g623
1 Yes 3 No 4 DK
iv. Other (specify: __________________________________) g624oth ..............g624
1 Yes 3 No 4 DK
Avermectins (e.g., Ivomec® Cydectin® Dectomax®) ........................................g625
1 Yes 3 No 4 DK
If Yes, check route(s) of administration .......................................... g6261 Drench/paste 2 Injection
d. Benzimidazoles (e.g., Panacur®/Safeguard®/Valbazen®) ...............................
g627
3 Pour-on
1 Yes 3 No 4 DK
If Yes, check route(s) of administration……………g6281 Drench/paste 2 In feed 3 Other (specify______)
e. Imidazothiazoles (e.g., Levasole®--levamisole) ................................................. g629
1 Yes 3 No 4 DK
If Yes, check route(s) of administration ............................................................... g630
1 Oral 2 Injection
Benzenesulphonamides (e.g, Curatrem®, Ivomec Plus®) ................................. g631
1 Yes 3 No 4 DK
g. Tetrahydropyrimidines (e.g., Rumatel®) ............................................................. g632
1 Yes 3 No 4DK
i.
1 Yes 3 No 4 DK
f.
Other (specify: __________________________) g633oth ...................................... g633
9. What was the total amount spent on deworming products administered to goats on your operation during the
g634 $ _____
previous 12 months (include those administered by a veterinarian)?
Section 4 Page 13
Deworming reason list for question 10
1
All goats treated on a regular schedule as a preventative measure (e.g., seasonally, annually)
2
Worms were seen
3
When the goat’s hair coat or body condition are poor
4
Fecal consistency (diarrhea)
5
Based on fecal tests (e.g., fecal floats, FECRT)
6
Based on FAMACHA card system/eye anemia score
7
Bottlejaw
8
Other (specify: _______________________________________) g635oth
10. Of the reasons in the deworming reason list, choose the top three reasons,
in order of importance, that you use to decide which goats to deworm.
a. Most important reason .................................................................................................................. g636
Code
_____
b. Second most important reason ..................................................................................................... g637
_____
c.
_____
Third most important reason ......................................................................................................... g638
11. During the previous 12 months, did you do any of the following
as part of your internal parasite control program?
a. Rotate pastures ............................................................ g639
1 Yes
3 No 4 NA (goats not on pasture)
1 Yes
3 No
Use a higher dose of dewormer in goats than the labeled
dose recommended for sheep ......................................................................................... g641
1 Yes
3 No
d. Give a combination of two or more dewormer drugs at once .......................................... g642
1 Yes
3 No
e. Rotate dewormers ............................................................................................................ g643
1 Yes
3 No
b. Select for parasite-resistant goats or cull worm-susceptible goats .................................. g640
c.
f.
Graze multiple species on the same pasture .................... g644
1 Yes
3 No 4 NA (goats not on pasture)
g. Leave animals in a dry lot after deworming for 24 to 48 h ............................................... g645
1 Yes
3 No
h. Change kidding season to reduce the risk of high parasite exposure ............................. g646
1 Yes
3 No
i.
Provide additional protein supplement to increase resistance......................................... g647
1 Yes
3 No
j.
Feed a biological control product such as BioWorma® (Duddingtonia flargrans) ........... g648
1 Yes
3 No
k.
Other (specify: _________________________) g649oth ..................................................... g649
1 Yes
3 No
a. Lice? ................................................................................................................................... g650
1 Yes
3 No
b. Mites? ................................................................................................................................. g651
1 Yes
3 No
c. Ticks? .................................................................................................................................. g652
1 Yes
3 No
12. During the previous 12 months, have you observed any of the following
external parasites on your goats:
Section 4 Page 14
Section E—Goat and Herd Health
1. How many of your operation’s does were in milk during the previous 12 months?
[Include all does whether nursing kids or being milked. Count each doe only once,
even if she kidded twice in the 12-month period.] ......................................................................... g701
_____ head
[If question 1 = zero, SKIP to question 4.]
2. How many of the does in milk (question 1), had clinical mastitis (abnormal milk or swollen udder) in the previous 12
g702 ............................................................................................
D/K
_____ head
months?
[If question 2 = 0 or Don’t know, SKIP to question 4.]
3. How was mastitis most often diagnosed on this operation during the
previous 12 months? [Check one only.]
g703
1 Visual observation of udder and/or milk
2 California mastitis test (CMT) or somatic cell count (SCC)
3 Culture of milk
4 Other (specify: ____________________________) g703oth
4. Did any bred does abort during the previous 12 months? ........................ g704 1 Yes
3 No
4NA (no bred does)
[If question 4 = No or NA, SKIP to question 7.]
5. Were any of the following steps taken for aborting does?
a. Removed placentas or fetuses as soon as possible ........................................................ g705
1 Yes
3 No
b. Cleaned the area by removing bedding and/or dirt .......................................................... g706
1 Yes
3 No
c.
Disinfected the area ......................................................................................................... g707
1 Yes
3 No
d. Physically separated does that aborted from other does................................................. g708
1 Yes
3 No
If Yes, were they: [Check one only.]
g709
1 Permanently removed from the herd [SKIP to question 6.]
2 Not returned to the herd for the rest of the kidding season [SKIP to question 6.]
3 Separated and then returned to the herd after how many days ............................................. g710
6. Were the abortions suspected to be caused by any of the following?
If Yes, were causes diagnosed by a veterinarian or laboratory?
Abortions
suspected to be caused by
the following?
_____ d
If Yes,
diagnosed by a
vet or lab?
a. Campylobacteriosis (vibrio abortion) ....................... g711/g719
1 Yes
2 DK
3 No
1 Yes
3 No
b. Chlamydiosis (enzootic abortion) ............................ g712/g720
1 Yes
2 DK
3 No
1 Yes
3 No
c.
Toxoplasmosis ........................................................ g713/g721
1 Yes
2 DK
3 No
1 Yes
3 No
d. Q fever..................................................................... g714/g722
1 Yes
2 DK
3 No
1 Yes
3 No
e. Salmonellosis .......................................................... g715/g723
1 Yes
2 DK
3 No
1 Yes
3 No
f.
Listeriosis ................................................................ g716/g724
1 Yes
2 DK
3 No
1 Yes
3 No
g. Cache Valley virus .................................................. g717/g725
1 Yes
2 DK
3 No
1 Yes
3 No
h. Other (specify: ________________) g718oth .............. g718/g726
1 Yes
2 DK
3 No
1 Yes
3 No
Section 4 Page 15
7. Indicate if, during the previous 3 years, any of the following
were present (suspected or confirmed) in your herd.
[Check No if you have no reason to suspect that the
disease has been in your herd.]
If Yes,
diagnosed
by a
veterinarian
or a lab?
Suspected to be
in the herd during
the previous
3 years
a. Caprine arthritis encephalitis (CAE)? ............................... g727/g732
1 Yes
3 No
1 Yes
3 No
b. Caseous lymphadenitis (boils, CL, abscesses)? ............. g728/g733
1 Yes
3 No
1 Yes
3 No
c.
Johne’s (paratuberculosis)? ............................................. g729/g734
1 Yes
3 No
1 Yes
3 No
d. Q fever (coxiellosis)? ........................................................ g730/g735
1 Yes
3 No
1 Yes
3 No
e. Sore mouth (orf, contagious ecthyma)? ........................... g731/g736
1 Yes
3 No
1 Yes
3 No
_____ head
1 DK
[If question 7e = No, SKIP to question 10.]
8. How many goats and kids in your herd had sore mouth
(suspected or confirmed) during the previous 12 months? ....................................... g737/g738
[If question 8 = zero or Don’t know, SKIP to question 10.]
9. How many of those died? [Should be ≤question 8.] ...................................................................... g739
10. Have you or any of your family members or employees ever been infected with:
Infected with:
_____ head
IF YES,
Diagnosed by
a doctor?
a. Q fever?.................................................................... g740/g742
1 Yes
2 DK
3 No
1 Yes
3 No
b. Sore mouth (orf)? ..................................................... g741/g743
1 Yes
2 DK
3 No
1 Yes
3 No
1 Yes
3 No
1 Yes
3 No
11. During the previous 12 months, were any goats given any injections? ................................. g744
[If question 11 = No, SKIP to question 14.]
12. For each goat injected, was a new needle used? ..................................................... g745
[If question 12 = Yes, SKIP to question 14.]
13. Were the needles chemically disinfected between goats?.................... g746
1 Yes
3 No
Note: In this question disinfection refers to the use of a chemical solution
(e.g., Betadine, Nolvasan, bleach) used to kill disease-causing organisms.
14. During the previous 12 months, did this operation share any
equipment with other livestock owners (e.g., tractors, feeding equipment,
manure spreaders, trailers, clippers, hoof trimmers, dehorners)? ......................................... g747
1 Yes
[If question 14 = No, SKIP to section F.]
Section 4 Page 16
3 No
15. Was shared equipment cleaned prior to use? ........................................................................ g748
1 Yes
3 No
If Yes, which of the following best describes this operation’s cleaning
procedures? [Check one only.]
g749
1 Wash equipment with water (with or without soap) or steam only
2 Chemically disinfect only
3 Wash and chemically disinfect equipment
4 Other (specify: _________________________________) g749oth
Section F—Antimicrobial Use in Feed and Water
Note: The following questions ask about all kids and adult goats. Feed includes milk, milk replacer and starter.
1. During the period from September 1, 2018, through August 31, 2019, did this operation
use a coccidiostat in the feed (including milk, milk replacer or starter) or water? .................. g801
1 Yes
3 No
[If question 1 = No, SKIP to question 3.]
2. Which of the following coccidiostats were used in feed
(including milk, milk replacer, or starter) or drinking water?
Feed
Water
a. Ionophores (Rumensin®, Bovatec®) ........................... g802
1 Yes 3 No
--------------
b. Decoquinate (Deccox®) .......................................... g803/g810
1 Yes 3 No
--------------
c.
Amprolium (Corid®) ................................................ g804/g811
1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes 3 No
d. Sulfa drugs (Albon®, Sulmet®, etc.) ....................... g805/g812
1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes 3 No
If 2d=Yes,
g806/g813
# adults treated _____
# adults treated ____
g807/g814
# kids treated _____
# kids treated _____
Avg # d treated _____
Avg # d treated ____
g808/g815
e. Other (specify: ___________________) g809oth ........ g809/g816
1 Yes 3 No
3. During the period from September 1, 2018, through August 31, 2019, did this
operation use any ionophores as growth promotants in feed? .............................................. g817
1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes
Section 4 Page 17
3 No
4. From September 1, 2018, through August 31, 2019, were kids or adults given any antibiotics
in drinking water to prevent, control or treat a disease or disorder?...................................... g818
1 Yes
3 No
[If question 4 = No, SKIP to question 6.]
5. From September 1, 2018, through August 31, 2019, what goat types were given antibiotics in drinking water to
prevent, control or treat a disease or disorder?
For each goat type mark the reason(s) for administration, and write in the code for the primary antibiotic used
(Antibiotic Reference Card), number of goats given antibiotics, and the average number of days used for each
disease/disorder.
Goat type given
antibiotics in water
Kids 1 Yes 3 No g819
If No, SKIP to next goat
type.
Adults 1 Yes
3 Nog820
If No, SKIP to question 6.
Code for
primary
antibiotic
used in
Reason (Disease/disorder ) for giving antibiotics
water
Respiratory disease 1 Yes 3 Nog821r
_____g823r
Digestive disease 1 Yes 3 No g821d
_____g823d
Other 1 Yes 3 No g821o
_____g823o
(specify: ________) g821oth
Respiratory disease 1 Yes 3 No g822r
_____g822r
Digestive disease 1 Yes 3 No g822d
_____g822d
Other 1 Yes 3 No g822o
_____g822o
(specify: ________) g822oth
6. From September 1, 2018, through August 31, 2019, were any kids or adults given any
antibiotics, other than ionophores, in feed (including milk, milk replacer or starter)
to prevent, control, or treat a disease/disorder? ..................................................................... g829
No. of Avg. No.
animals of days
____g825r _____ g827r
____g825d _____ g827d
____ g825o _____ g827o
____g824r _____ g828r
____g824d _____ g828d
____ g824o _____ g828o
1 Yes
3 No
[If question 6 = No, SKIP to section G.]
7. From September 1, 2018, through August 31, 2019, what goat types were given antibiotics in feed (including milk,
milk replacer or starter)?
For each goat type mark the reason(s) for administration, and write in the code for the primary antibiotic used
(Antibiotic Reference Card), number of goats given antibiotics, and the average number of days used for each
disease/disorder.
Goat type given antibiotics in
feed
Preweaned kids 1 Yes 3 No
g830
If No, SKIP to next goat type.
Weaned kids 1 Yes
g831
3 No
If No, SKIP to next goat type.
Adults 1 Yes
3 No g832
If No, SKIP to section G.
Reason (Disease/Disorder) for giving
antibiotics
Respiratory disease 1 Yes 3 No g833r
Digestive disease 1 Yes 3 No g833d
Other
1 Yes 3 No g833o
(specify: _______) g833oth
Code for
primary
antibiotic
used in
feed
_____ g836r
_____ g836d
_____ g836o
No. of Avg. No.
animals of days
_____ g839r _____
g842r
_____ g839d
_____
_____ g839o
g842d
_____
Respiratory disease 1 Yes 3 No g834r
Digestive disease 1 Yes 3 No g834d
Other
1 Yes 3 No g834o
(specify: _______) g834oth
_____ g837r _____ g840r
_____ g837d _____ g840d
_____ g837o _____ g840o
Respiratory disease 1 Yes 3 No g835r
Digestive disease 1 Yes 3 No g835d
Other
1 Yes 3 No g835o
(specify: _______) g834oth
_____ g838r _____ g841r
_____ g838d _____ g841d
_____ g838o _____ g841o
g842o
_____
g843r
_____
g843d
_____
g843o
_____
g844r
_____
g844d
_____
g844o
Section 4 Page 18
Section G—Health Conditions and Losses
1. From September 1, 2018, through August 31, 2019, how many kids and adult
goats were lost, stolen, died, or euthanized from all causes?
[Exclude kids born dead and slaughtered goats.]
If total head >0, how many of the total head were:
Total head
Lost/stolen
Predator
(died/euthanized)
Nonpredator
(died/euthanized)
a. Preweaned kids .....g901/g906/g911/g916
_____
_____
_____
_____ head
b. Weaned kids .........g902/g907/g912/g917
_____
_____
_____
_____ head
c.
_____
_____
_____
_____ head
d. Adult bucks/wethersg904/g909/g914/g919
_____
_____
_____
_____ head
e. Total losses ...........g905/g910/g915/g920
_____
_____
_____
_____ head
Adult does .............g903/g908/g913/g918
2. How many of those adult goats and kids that died from nonpredator reasons
(question 1e Nonpredator total) were necropsied to determine the cause of death? ................... g921
_____ head
Section 4 Page 19
For the remainder of this section, it is possible for a single goat to have had more than one condition, such as
diarrhea and an abortion. Even if a goat died having experienced two or more conditions during the previous
12 months, the death or removal (culled) should be listed as due to a single primary cause.
Use the Antibiotics Reference Card to help answer questions 4, 6, and 8.
3. During the period from September 1, 2018, through August 31, 2019, were there
any preweaned kids on this operation? ................................................................................ g936
1 Yes
3 No
[If question 3 = No, SKIP to question 5.]
4. How many different preweaned kids became affected with the following conditions?
Of those affected preweaned kids, how many received an antibiotic, what was the primary
antibiotic used, how many died and how many were removed (culled)?
Note: Do not include antibiotics administered in the feed (including milk, milk replacer or starter) or drinking water.
Include intramammary antibiotics, antibiotics used topically, and antibiotics used by injection, bolus, or drench.
Only answer for treatment uses, do not include prevention.
1
2
3
No. of different
Of the (col 2)
preweaned kids preweaned kids,
affected in
how many
previous 12
received an
months?
antibiotic to treat
the condition at
least once during
the previous
12 months?
_______ g922
Condition
[Enter 0 if none.]
a. Digestive issues
(e.g., scours,
overeating/enterotoxemia,
coccidia)
g937
b. Navel infection
g938
c. Kidding problems or other
perinatal conditions
(e.g., floppy kid syndrome,
weak kids)
g939
d. Eye conditions (e.g., pinkeye,
conjunctivitis)
g940
e. Respiratory problems
(e.g., pneumonia, shipping
fever, runny nose)
g941
f. Lameness (e.g., joint swelling,
wound, trauma)
g942
g. Weather-related, starvation
causes (e.g., chilling,
drowning, lightning)
g943
h. Other known conditions,
(specify: ____________) g944oth
g944
i. Unknown conditions (e.g.,
found dead)
g945
j. Total
4
5
6
Code for
primary
antibiotic
used
Of the (col 2)
preweaned kids,
how many died
or were
euthanized
primarily due to
this condition?
[must be less
than or equal
to 1a
nonpredator]
Of the (col 2)
preweaned
kids, how
many were
removed
primarily due
to this
condition?
_______ g923
[Enter 0 if none.]
g946
g954
g962
g972
g947
g955
g963
g973
g948
g956
g964
g974
g949
g957
g965
g975
g950
g958
g966
g976
g951
g959
g967
g977
g968
g978
g952
g960
g969
g979
g953
g961
g970
g980
g971
g981
Total = 1a (nonpredator)
Section 4 Page 20
5. During the period from September 1, 2018, through August 31, 2019,
were there any weaned kids on this operation? .................................................................... g982
1 Yes
3 No
[If question 5 = No, SKIP to question 7.]
6. How many different weaned kids became affected with the following conditions?
Of those affected weaned kids, how many received an antibiotic, what was the primary
antibiotic used, how many died and how many were removed (culled)?
Note: Do not include antibiotics administered in the feed or drinking water. Include intramammary antibiotics, antibiotics
used topically, and antibiotics used by injection, bolus, or drench.
Only answer for treatment uses, do not include prevention.
1
2
3
No. of
Of the (col 2)
different weaned kids, how
weaned many received an
antibiotic to treat
kids
affected in the condition at
previous 12 least once during
months?
the previous
12 months?
Condition
a. Digestive: intestinal worms
b. Other digestive problems (e.g.,
scours, overeating /enterotoxemia)
c. Pinkeye
d. Respiratory problems (e.g.,
pneumonia, shipping fever, runny
nose)
e. Lameness: Footrot
f. Other Lameness (e.g., joint swelling,
wound)
g. Central nervous system signs (e.g.,
uncoordinated, staggering, swaying,
falling down, circling, blindness)
h. Weather-related and poising/toxicity
causes (e.g., chilling, drowning,
lightning, noxious feeds/weeds)
i. Other known conditions (specify:
_____________) g101oth
j. Unknown conditions (e.g., found dead)
k. Total
_______ g924
_______ g925
[Enter 0 if
none.]
[Enter 0 if none.]
4
5
6
Code for
PRIMARY
antibiotic
used
Of the (col 2)
weaned kids, how
many died or were
euthanized
primarily due to
this condition?
[must be less than or
equal
to 1b nonpredator]
Of the
(col 2)
weaned
kids, how
many were
removed
primarily
due to this
condition?
g1009
g1020
g983
g984
g993
g1001
g1010
g1021
g985
g994
g1002
g1011
g1022
g986
g995
g1003
g1012
g1023
g987
g996
g1004
g1013
g1024
g988
g997
g1005
g1014
g1025
g989
g998
g1006
g1015
g1026
g1016
g1027
g990
g991
g999
g1007
g1017
g1028
g992
g1000
g1008
g1018
g1029
g1019
g1030
Total = lb
(nonpredator)
Section 4 Page 21
7. During the period from September 1, 2018, through August 31, 2019 , were there
any adult does on the operation? ......................................................................................... g1031
1 Yes
3 No
[If question 7 = No, SKIP to question 9.]
8. How many different adult does became affected with the following conditions?
Of those affected adult does, how many received an antibiotic, what was the primary
antibiotic used, how many died and how many were removed (culled)?
Note: Do not include antibiotics administered in the feed or drinking water. Include intramammary antibiotics, antibiotics
used topically, and antibiotics used by injection, bolus, or drench.
Only answer for treatment uses, do not include prevention.
1
2
3
4
5
6
Condition
a. Digestive: intestinal worms
b. Other digestive problems (e.g., scours,
overeating/enterotoxemia
c. Pinkeye
d. Central nervous system signs (e.g.,
uncoordinated, staggering, swaying,
falling down, circling, blindness)
e. Respiratory problems (e.g., pneumonia,
shipping fever, runny nose)
f. Reproductive problems: abortions
g. Other reproductive problems (e.g.,
retained placenta/uterine infection,
dystocia)
h. Mastitis
i. Metabolic problems (e.g., milk fever, twin
kid disease, pregnancy toxemia)
j. Lameness: Footrot
k. Other Lameness (e.g., joint swelling,
wound)
l. Weather-related causes or
poisoning/toxicity (e.g., chilling, drowning,
lightning, noxious feeds/weeds)
m. Chronic weight loss
n. Other known conditions (specify:
_____________) g1045oth
o. Unknown conditions (e.g., found dead)
p. Total
No. of
Of the (col 2) adult
different
does, how many
adult does
received an
affected in antibiotic to treat
previous
the condition at
12
least once during
months?
the previous
12 months?
_______ g926
_______ g927
[Enter 0 if
none.]
[Enter 0 if none.]
Code for
Of the (col 2)
Of the (col 2)
PRIMARY
adult does,
adult does,
antibiotic how many died how many
or were
used
were removed
euthanized
primarily due
primarily due
to this
to this
condition?
condition?
[must be less
than or equal
to 1c
nonpredator]
g1032
g1076
g1092
g1033
g1048
g1062
g1077
g1093
g1034
g1049
g1063
g1078
g1094
g1035
g1050
g1064
g1079
g1095
g1036
g1051
g1065
g1080
g1096
g1037
g1052
g1066
g1081
g1097
g1038
g1053
g1067
g1082
g1098
g1039
g1054
g1068
g1083
g1099
g1040
g1055
g1069
g1084
g1100
g1041
g1056
g1070
g1085
g1101
g1042
g1057
g1071
g1086
g1102
g1087
g1103
g1043
g1044
g1058
g1072
g1088
g1104
g1045
g1059
g1073
g1089
g1105
g1046
g1060
g1074
g1090
g1106
g1047
g1061
g1075
g1091
g1107
Total = lc
(nonpredator)
Section 4 Page 22
9. During the period from September 1, 2018, through August 31, 2019, were
there any adult bucks/wethers on the operation? ............................................................... g1108
1 Yes
3 No
[If question 9 = No, SKIP to Section H.]
10. How many different adult bucks/wethers became affected with the following conditions?
Of those affected adult bucks/wethers, how many received an antibiotic, what was the primary
antibiotic used, how many died and how many were removed (culled)?
Note: Do not include antibiotics administered in the feed or drinking water. Include intramammary antibiotics, antibiotics
used topically, and antibiotics used by injection, bolus, or drench.
Only answer for treatment uses, do not include prevention.
1
Condition
a. Digestive: intestinal worms
b. Other digestive problems (e.g., scours,
overeating/enterotoxemia
c. Pinkeye
d. Central nervous system signs (e.g.,
uncoordinated, staggering, swaying,
falling down, circling, blindness)
e. Respiratory problems (e.g., pneumonia,
shipping fever, runny nose)
f. Reproductive problems: other (e.g.,
penile or testicular disorders, urinary
calculi)
g. Lameness: Footrot
h. Lameness (e.g., joint swelling, wound)
i. Weather-related causes and
poisoning/toxicity (e.g., chilling,
drowning, lightning, noxious
feeds/weeds)
j. Chronic weight loss
k. Other known conditions
(specify_____________) g1119oth
l. Unknown conditions (e.g. found dead)
m. Total
2
3
4
5
6
No. of
Of the (col 2) adult Code for
Of the (col 2)
Of the (col 2)
different adult bucks/wethers, PRIMARY
adult
adult
bucks/wethers
how many
antibiotic bucks/wethers, bucks/wethers,
affected in
received an
used
how many died
how many
previous 12 antibiotic to treat
or were
were removed
months?
the condition at
euthanized
primarily due
least once during
primarily due to
to this
the previous
this condition? condition?
12 months?
[must be less
than or equal
to 1d
_______ g926
nonpredator]
_______ g927
[Enter 0 if
[Enter 0 if none.]
none.]
g1109
g1141
g1154
g1110
g1121
g1131
g1142
g1155
g1111
g1122
g1132
g1143
g1156
g1112
g1123
g1133
g1144
g1157
g1113
g1124
g1134
g1145
g1158
g1114
g1125
g1135
g1146
g1159
g1115
g1126
g1136
g1147
g1160
g1116
g1127
g1137
g1148
g1161
g1149
g1162
g1118
g1128
g1138
g1150
g1163
g1119
g1129
g1139
g1151
g1164
g1120
g1130
g1140
g1152
g1165
g1153
g1166
g1117
Total = 1d
(nonpredator)
Section 4 Page 23
Animal and Plant
Health Inspection
Service
NAHMS Goat 2019
Dairy Operation
Questionnaire
National Animal Health
Monitoring System
2150 Centre Ave, Bldg B
Fort Collins, CO 80526
Veterinary
Services
Form Approved
OMB Number 0579-0354
Approval expires: xxxx
Section H— Dairy Inventory
1. Did you milk any does during the previous 12 months? ............................... d101
1 Yes
3 No
[If question 1 = No, go to Section O]
2. How many total dairy goats (does), whether dry or in milk, were
present on September 1, 2019? .......................................................................... d102
_____ head
[If question 2 is less than 5 head, go to Section O]
3. How many total dairy goats (does) were milked on this operation
on September 1, 2019? ....................................................................................... d103
_____ head
4. The number of dry dairy adult does on September 1, 2019, was:
[question 2 - question 3] ...................................................................................... d104
_____ head
5. How many first-lactation does born on this operation were
added to the milking herd from September 1, 2018, through August 31, 2019?
[Include kid does that were born on the operation and raised off site.] .............. d105
_____ head
6. How many purchased/leased does were added to the
milking herd from September 1, 2018, through August 31, 2019? ...................... d106
_____ head
7. How many adult dairy does were permanently removed (culled) from the
herd from September 1, 2018, through August 31, 2019?
[Exclude does that died.] ..................................................................................... d107
_____ head
8. How many adult dairy does died from September 1, 2018,
through August 31, 2019? ................................................................................... d108
_____ head
9. What was the peak number of does milked on this operation
at any time from September 1, 2018, through August 31, 2019? ....................... d109
_____ head
10. Is the milk produced on your operation weighed: d111
[Select one only.]
1 Daily
2 Monthly
3 Less frequently than monthly
4 Never
[If Question 10=Never or milk is not weighed throughout the entire lactation then skip to section I.]
____lb/year OR ___lb/day
11. What is the average milk production (in pounds) per doe? ... d110a/ d110b
[Answer in annual milk production per doe or pounds per doe per day.]
[Note: One gallon = 8.6 lb.]
According to the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, an agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to
respond to a collection of information unless it displays a valid OMB control number. The valid OMB control number for this
information collection is 0579-0354. The time required to complete this information collection is estimated to average 45
minutes per response, including the time to review instructions, search existing data resources, gather the data needed, and
complete and review the information collected.
NAHMS-454
Date
Section 4 Page 24
Section I—General Management
1. Of the total number of dairy goats on this operation on September 1, 2019,
what percentage were registered with a breed association? .............................. d201
_____ %
2. During the previous 12 months, did this operation
produce any certified organic dairy milk? ..................................................... d202
1 Yes
3 No
3. During the previous 12 months, did your operation milk any dairy cows? .. d204
1 Yes
3 No
4. What is the average number of days post kidding
that does are put into the milking string? ............................................................. d205
_____ d
5. What is the average length of lactation (days milked) for the
majority of your does? ......................................................................................... d206
_____ d
6. What is the maximum length of lactation (days milked) for
any doe milked in the last 12 months? ................................................................ d207
(Note: Some does could have been milked for more than 365 days.)
_____ d
7. What is the average number of days does are dry? ............................................ d208
_____ d
Section J—Kidding Management
1. During the previous 12 months, what was the average kidding interval
(in months) for dairy does? [Kidding interval is the time from one
kidding to the next kidding for an individual doe.]. ............................................... d301
_____ mo
2. During the previous 12 months, what was the average age (in months)
of dairy does at the time of first kidding? ............................................................. d302
_____ mo
3. During the previous 12 months, did this operation use any of the
following methods to estimate colostrum quality?
a. Visual appearance ................................................................................. d303
1 Yes
3 No
b. Volume of first milking colostrum (in pounds) ........................................ d304
1 Yes
3 No
c.
Colostrometer ......................................................................................... d305
1 Yes
3 No
d. Brix refractometer (handheld measuring device) ................................... d306
1 Yes
3 No
e. Other (specify: ________________________________) d306oth ............. d306
1 Yes
3 No
4. What is the typical feeding protocol during the first 4 weeks of life?
Kid week of life
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
Milk Consumption Record
Amount of milk offered at each feeding
(ounces )
1 Left with dam
OR
_____ oz
1 Left with dam
OR
_____ oz
1 Left with dam
OR
_____ oz
1 Left with dam
OR
_____ oz
Frequency
(times per day)
d309/d313/d317/d321
d310/d314/d318/d322
d311/d315/d319/d323
d312/d316/d320/d324
Section 4 Page 25
Section K—Milk Marketing
1. During the previous 12 months, what percentage of the milk
produced on this operation was:
a. Fed to kids? ......................................................................................................... d401
______ %
b. Fed to other livestock on this operation? ............................................................ d402
______ %
c.
Consumed as unpasteurized/raw milk by employees or family? ........................ d403
______ %
d. Consumed as pasteurized milk by employees or family? .................................. d404
______ %
e. Made into cheese on the farm? .......................................................................... d405
______ %
f.
Made into other milk products (e.g., candy, yogurt, ice cream, soap)
on the farm? ........................................................................................................ d406
______ %
g. Sold, traded, or given away as liquid milk? ......................................................... d407
______ %
100%
[If question 1g = 0, SKIP to question 3.]
2. What percentage of liquid milk was sold, traded, or given away for:
a. Human consumption? ......................................................................................... d408
______ %
b. Pet consumption? ............................................................................................... d409
______ %
c.
Livestock consumption? ...................................................................................... d410
______ %
d. Making into cheese? ........................................................................................... d411
______ %
e. Making into other milk products (e.g., candy, yogurt, ice cream, soap)? ........... d412
______ %
100%
Milk
3. During the previous 12 months, were any goat milk or
milk products sold, traded, or given away? ......... d413/d414
1 Yes
3 No
Cheese or other
milk products
1 Yes
3 No
[If Milk column = No and Cheese or other milk products column = No, SKIP to Question 5.]
If Yes, were the products sold, traded or given away:
a. Directly to the public (including Internet sales,
farmers’ markets, etc.)? ................................ d415/d420
1 Yes
3 No
1 Yes
3 No
b. To retail establishments, restaurants, or
other commercial sales? ............................... d416/d421
1 Yes
3 No
1 Yes
3 No
c.
To a cooperative or as part of a cooperative?d417/d422
1 Yes
3 No
1 Yes
3 No
d. To a wholesaler, dealer, or processor
(e.g., cheese plant)? ..................................... d418/d423
1 Yes
3 No
1 Yes
3 No
e. Other? (specify: ____________) d419oth .......... d419/d424
1 Yes
3 No
1 Yes
3 No
Section 4 Page 26
4. During the previous 12 months, did the buyer(s) of the goat milk
or goat milk products ever pay a premium for:
a. High protein content? ............................................................................. d425
1 Yes
3 No
b. Low bacteria counts? ............................................................................. d426
1 Yes
3 No
c.
Low somatic cell count? ......................................................................... d427
1 Yes
3 No
d. Out-of-season milk? ............................................................................... d428
1 Yes
3 No
e. Other? (specify: _____________________________) d429oth ................. d429
1 Yes
3 No
5. During the previous 12 months, did this operation routinely
perform on-farm pasteurization of goat milk intended for human
consumption? [Pasteurization means to follow the Pasteurized
Milk Ordinance (PMO) time and temperature guidelines to ensure
destruction of certain microorganisms.] ........................................................ d430
1 Yes
3 No
6. During the previous 12 months, did you market any raw (unpasteurized)
goat milk or raw goat milk products intended for human consumption?
[Include direct purchase and goat shares.] .................................................. d431
1 Yes
3 No
a. Dairy Herd Improvement Association (DHIA) program? ........................ d432
1 Yes
3 No
b. Other Quality assurance program (a program to improve milk
product quality through assessments and monitoring)? ........................ d433
1 Yes
3 No
7. During the previous 12 months, did this operation participate in a:
Section L—Milking Procedures
1. What is the primary method by which does are milked on this operation?
[Check one only.]
d501
1 Hand
2 Machine—bucket milker
3 Machine—pipeline
[If question 1 = 1 or 2, SKIP to question 3.]
2. Which of the following best describes the primary milking parlor on this operation?
[Check one only.]
d502
1 Side by side (parallel)
2 Herringbone (fishbone)
3 Rotary (carousel)
4 Other (specify: ____________________) d502oth
3. How many times per day were does usually milked during the previous 12 months?
[Check one only.]
d503
1 Less often than once a day
2 Once a day
3 Twice a day
4 More often than twice a day
Section 4 Page 27
4. Who milked the majority of does on this operation during the previous 12 months?
[Check one only.]
d504
1 Owner(s)/operator(s)
2 Family member(s) of owner
3 Hired worker(s) (nonfamily member)
4 Other (specify: ______________________________) d504oth
5. During the previous 12 months, how often did milkers
wear disposable gloves when milking? ................. d505
1 Always
2 Sometimes
6. How frequently are milkers trained on milking procedures?
[Check one only.]
3 Never
506
1 As new milkers only
2 Less often than once a year
3 Once a year
4 More often than once a year
5 No training for milkers
7. Does this operation clip/singe the hair on udders of milking does?d507
1 = At each milking
2 = At least once a day
3 = At least once a week
1 Yes
Codes for question 8
4 = Other (specify:
5 = Not performed
8. During the previous 12 months, which frequency best describes
this operation’s use of forestripping for:
3 No
) d508oth
Code
a. Fresh does .......................................................................................................... d508
_____
b. Does with mastitis ............................................................................................... d509
_____
c.
_____
All other does ..................................................................................................... d510
[If questions 8a, 8b, 8c ALL = 5, SKIP to question 10.]
9. When was forestripping performed? [Check one only.]
d511
1 Before teat washing
2 After teat washing
3 No teat washing
[If question 9 = 3 (No teat washing), SKIP to question 11.]
Section 4 Page 28
10. During the previous 12 months, which of the following best describes
how teats were usually washed prior to milking? [Check one only.]
d512
1 No washing
2 Commercial udder/ teat wipes
3 Udder/teat wash or disinfectant solution used with single-use cloth/paper towels
4 Udder/teat wash or disinfectant solution used with multiple-use cloth/paper towels
5 Washed with water only
6 Other (specify: __________________________________) d512oth
11. During the previous 12 months, which of the following best describes
how teats were usually dried prior to milking? [Check one only.]
d513
1 Teats not dried prior to milking
2 Single-use cloth/paper towel
3 Multiple-use cloth/paper towel
4 Other (specify: __________________________) d513oth
12. During the previous 12 months, were teats typically
pre-dipped prior to milking? .......................................................................... d514
13. During the previous 12 months, which of the following best describes
the primary post-milking procedure used for teat disinfection?
[Check one only.]
1 Yes
3 No
d515
1 Dip teats with commercial postdip product
2 Dip teats with nonlabeled/homemade solution
3 Spray teats with commercial postdip product
4 Foam teats with commercial postdip
5 No post-milking teat disinfection
6 Other (specify: _________________________________) d515oth
14. Which of the following best describes the order in which goats are milked?
[Check one only.]
d516
1 No particular order
2 Based on age only
3 Based on health only
4 Based on age and health
5 Based on production level
6 Other (specify: _____________________________) d516oth
Section 4 Page 29
Section M—Milk Quality
1. During the previous 12 months, did you routinely perform
somatic cell count (SCC) testing on the milk from your herd? ............................ d601
1 Yes
3 No
[If question 1 = No, SKIP to question 3.]
2. What was the herd average somatic cell count (cells/mL)
for milk tested during the previous 12 months? ......................................................... d602
_____,000
3. During the previous 12 months, did this operation test
milk on-farm for antibiotic residues?................................6031 Yes 3 No 4 NA (no antibiotics used)
[If question 3 = No or NA, SKIP to question 6.]
4. Which of the following antibiotic residue testing kits did this operation use
most commonly during the previous 12 months? [Check one only.]
d604
1 Snap® kit (beta lactam or tetracycline)
2 Delvotest®
3 CITE Probe®
4 Charm Farm
5 Pensyme® Milk Test
6 Other (specify: __________________________) d604oth
5. Were milk samples tested for antibiotic residues from:
a. Fresh does? ................... d605
1 Yes
3 No
b. Individual does recently treated with antibiotics? d606 1 Yes
c.
Bulk tank—before processor pickup? .................. d607
4 NA (fresh does not milked or not treated)
3 No 4 NA (removed from milking herd or no does treated)
1 Yes
3 No 4 NA (no bulk tank)
d. String samples (samples representing a group/pen of does) ................ d608
1 Yes
3 No
e. Other? (specify: ____________________________) d609oth ................... d609
1 Yes
3 No
6. During the previous 12 months, were any cultures
performed on milk produced by this operation? ........................................... d610
1 Yes
3 No
1 Yes
3 No
[If question 6 = No, SKIP to question 11.]
7. During the previous 12 months, were milk cultures
performed on the following:
a. Milk from individual does? ...................................................................... d611
b. Bulk-tank milk? .......................................................d612
c.
1 Yes
3 No 4 NA (no bulk tank)
String samples (samples representing a group/pen of does)? .............. d613
1 Yes
3 No
[If question 7a = No, SKIP to question 9.]
Section 4 Page 30
8. During the previous 12 months, what type of does were typically
selected for milk culturing?
a. Fresh does ............................................................................................. d614
1 Yes
3 No
b. All clinical mastitis cases ........................................................................ d615
1 Yes
3 No
c.
Chronic clinical mastitis cases ............................................................... d616
1 Yes
3 No
d. Clinical mastitis cases that did not respond to treatment ....................... d617
1 Yes
3 No
e. High somatic cell count does ................................................................. d618
1 Yes
3 No
f.
1 Yes
3 No
a. Farm personnel, done on-farm? ............................................................ d620
1 Yes
3 No
b. A State or university diagnostic laboratory?........................................... d621
1 Yes
3 No
c.
A commercial lab? .................................................................................. d622
1 Yes
3 No
d. A private veterinary lab (veterinary clinic)? ............................................ d623
1 Yes
3 No
Other (specify: ________________________________) d619oth ............. d619
9. During the previous 12 months, were any of the milk cultures performed by:
10. During the previous 12 months, were any of the following
organisms identified from milk that was cultured?
a. Coagulase neg staph (CNS) non-aureus ............................d624
1 Yes
2 DK
3 No
b. Staph. aureus ...................................................................... d625
1 Yes
2 DK
3 No
Mannheimia spp. (Pasteurella) ...........................................d626
1 Yes
2 DK
3 No
d. Mycoplasma spp. ................................................................ d627
1 Yes
2 DK
3 No
e. E. coli/Pseudomonas/Klebsiella other gram neg ................d628
1 Yes
2 DK
3 No
f.
Strep. Agalactiae ................................................................. d629
1 Yes
2 DK
3 No
g. Environmental strep (Strep. spp.) non-agalactiae...............d630
1 Yes
2 DK
3 No
h. Other (specify:________________) d631oth ...........................d631
1 Yes
2 DK
3 No
c.
11. During the previous 12 months, by which method were goats
with clinical mastitis usually milked? [Check one only.]
d632
1 No known does with mastitis in the previous 12 months
2 NA (any does with mastitis are dried off)
3 At the end of milking
4 In a separate string from healthy goats
5 Using a separate milking unit from healthy goats
6 No specific procedure followed
7 Other (specify: ___________________________________) d632oth
[If question 11 = 1 (no known mastitic does), SKIP to section N.]
Section 4 Page 31
12. During the previous 12 months, did the mastitis treatment protocol involve:
Treatment
1 Yes
3 No
b. Oral or injectable antibiotics? ................................................................. d634
1 Yes
3 No
c.
Organic/homeopathic remedies? ........................................................... d635
1 Yes
3 No
d. Pain medications (anti-inflammatories, analgesics)? ............................. d636
1 Yes
3 No
e. Other? (specify: ____________________________) d637oth ................... d637
1 Yes
3 No
Frequent stripping of affected udder half? ............................................. d638
1 Yes
3 No
g. Early dry-off? .......................................................................................... d639
1 Yes
3 No
h. Moving does to a separate milking pen? ............................................... d640
1 Yes
3 No
i.
1 Yes
3 No
13. Treatment with IMM antibiotics for mastitis was based on:
a. Veterinary recommendation ................................................................... d642
1 Yes
3 No
b. Recommendation from other producers ................................................ d643
1 Yes
3 No
b. Previous treatment effectiveness ........................................................... d644
1 Yes
3 No
c.
Previous culture and antimicrobial sensitivity results ............................. d645
1 Yes
3 No
d. Individual doe culture results before therapy ......................................... d646
1 Yes
3 No
e. Other (specify: _______________________________) d647oth ............... d647
1 Yes
3 No
a. Intramammary (IMM) antibiotics (exclude dry doe treatment)? ............. d633
i. IF yes, number of does treated with IMM antibiotics: _______ # does
Management
f.
Other? (specify: ____________________________) d641oth ................... d641
[If question 12a = No (no IMM antibiotics used), SKIP to section N.]
14. Of does treated during the previous 12 months with IMM antibiotics for
Mastitis (Q12 ai), what percentage were given the following antibiotics and what
withdrawal time was used for each?
a. Spectramast® LC (ceftiofur hydrochloride) ............ d648/d657
Percent
_____
Withdrawal
time (d)
_____
b. ToDay® /Cefa-Lak® (cephapirin) ............................ d649/d658
_____
_____
c.
d650/d659
_____
_____
d. Pirsue® (pirlimycin hydrochloride) ......................... d651/d660
_____
_____
e. Masti-Clear™ (penicillin) ......................................... d652/d661
_____
_____
f.
Polymast™ (hetacillin potassium) ........................... d653/d662
_____
_____
g. Amoximast® (amoxicillin) ........................................ d654/d663
_____
_____
h. Hetacin-K® (hetacillin potassium) ........................... d655d664
_____
_____
Other (specify: _________________) d656oth ............ d656/d665
_____
_____
Total
≥100%
i.
DariClox® (cloxacillin) ...........................................
Section 4 Page 32
15. How were IMM antibiotics typically administered to mastitic does?
[Check one only.]
d666
1 The whole tube administered into one teat
2 A tube split between the two teats
3 Other (specify: __________________) d666oth
Section N—Dry Doe Procedures
1. During the previous 12 months, what percentage of does were
dried off based on the following protocols?
a. Set schedule (e.g., so many days prior to kidding) ............................................. d701
_____ %
b. Milk production level ............................................................................................ d702
_____ %
c.
Presence of mastitis or high somatic cell count .................................................. d703
_____ %
d. Other reason (specify: ___________________) d704oth ........................................ d704
_____ %
Total
2. During the previous 12 months, what percentage of does were
dried off using the following methods?
100%
a. Abruptly stop milking ........................................................................................... d705
_____ %
b. Skip milkings before complete dry off
(e.g., milk once a day for a number of days) ....................................................... d706
_____ %
Other (specify: ________________________) d707oth .......................................... d707
_____ %
c.
Total
100%
3. During the previous 12 months, which of the following management
practices did this operation routinely use at dry off?
a. Perform California Mastitis Test (CMT) or other individual-doe
SCC test ................................................................................................. d708
1 Yes
3 No
b. Reduce the quality/energy content of feed ............................................ d709
1 Yes
3 No
c.
Reduce access to feed........................................................................... d710
1 Yes
3 No
d. Reduce access to water ......................................................................... d711
1 Yes
3 No
4. During the previous 12 months, were intramammary antibiotics
used at dry off on any does? ........................................................................ d712
1 Yes
3 No
[If question 4 = No, SKIP to question 8.]
5. During the previous 12 months, approximately what percentage
of does were treated with dry-doe IMM antibiotics at dry off? ................................... d713
_____ %
[If question 5 = 100% SKIP to question 7.]
Section 4 Page 33
6. Were IMM antibiotics given to any does at dry off because of:
7.
a. High somatic cell count (SCC)? ............................................................. d714
1 Yes
3 No
b. History of mastitis (clinical/chronic)? ...................................................... d715
1 Yes
3 No
c.
Low milk production? ............................................................................. d716
1 Yes
3 No
d. Adverse weather? .................................................................................. d717
1 Yes
3 No
e. Other? (specify: _______________________) d718oth ............................. d718
1 Yes
3 No
Of does treated during the previous 12 months with dry-doe IMM
antibiotics, what percentage were given the following antibiotics
and what withdrawal time was used for each?
a. Spectramast® DC (ceftiofur hydrochloride) ............ d719/d728
Percent
_____
Withdrawal
time (d)
_____
b. Tomorrow®/Cefa-Dri (cephapirin benzathine) ........ d720/d729
_____
_____
Bovaclox™, Dry-Clox®, Dry-Clox® intramammary
infusion, Orbenin®-DC (cloxacillin benzathine) ...... d721/d730
_____
_____
d. Gallimycin-Dry (erythromycin) ................................. d722/d731
_____
_____
e. Biodry® (novobiocin) ............................................... d723/d732
_____
_____
f.
Vet Go Dry™/ Hanford’s US (penicillin G procaine)d724/d733
_____
_____
g. Quartermaster® Dry Doe Treatment (penicillin G
procaine/dihydrostreptomycin) ................................ d725/d734
_____
_____
h. Albadry Plus® Suspension (penicillin G
procaine/novobiocin) ............................................... d726/d735
_____
_____
Other (specify: _________________) d727oth ............ d727/d736
_____
_____
c.
i.
Total [may be >100% if used more than one at dry off]
≥ 100%
8. During the previous 12 months, were internal or external
teat sealants used at dry off on any does? ................................................... d737
1 Yes
3 No
Section 4 Page 34
State FIPS:__________
2-digits
Section O: Office Use Only
Operation #:_________
4-digits
Interviewer:___________ Date: ___________
Initials
(mm/dd/yy)
1. Total time for interview (include time to discuss the program and complete the
questionnaire). If more than one data collector present, enter the combined time ....................gitime
_____ min
2. Total travel time (round trip). If more than one data collector present,
enter the combined time. ........................................................................................................... gttime
_____ min
3. Data collector(s): [Enter the number for each category.]
____ Federal VMO
____ Federal AHT
____ State personnel
____ Other (specify)
gvmo/gaht/gst/goth
4. Enter response code 99 if questionnaire is completed or enter
one code of 00–07 that best describes the reason why the owner
is not participating ....................................................................................................................... grco
99 = Survey completed
00 = Inaccessible after five contact attempts
01 = Poor time of year or no time
02 = Does not want anyone on operation
03 = Bad experience with government veterinarians
04 = Does not want to do another survey or divulge
information
05 = Told NASS they did not want to be contacted
06 = Ineligible (no goats)
07 = Other reason (explain below)
Date
(mm/dd)
1/22
gdate
_____ code
Contact attempt history
Time
Action
Outcome
(am/pm)
4:30 pm
Phone call
Left msg on machine
gtime
gaction
5. This operation plans to complete the following biologics testing:
Pre- and post parasite testing .................................................................................................gpara
Scrapie genetic resistance testing/serum banking/nasal swabs/vaginal swabs ..................gscrap
Fecal pathogen testing .......................................................................................................... gfecal
goutcome
1 Yes 2 No
1 Yes 2 No
1 Yes 2 No
6. Which of the following best describes the respondent’s position
with this operation? ..................................................................................................................... gpos
_____ code
1 = Owner
2 = Manager
3 = Family member (other than owner or manager)
4 = Other hired employee
5 = Other (specify: _______________________________)gposoth
7. Producer data quality .................................................................. gpdq
1 Good to excellent
8. Did the respondent use written or computerized records to assist in
answering this survey? ............................................................................................................... grec
2 OK
3 Poor
1 Yes
3 No
Comments regarding this questionnaire or operation:
VMO or AHT signature: ___________________________________________________
TO BE COMPLETED BY THE COORDINATOR:
Field data quality ................................................................................ gfdq
1 Good to excellent
2 OK
3 Poor
Section 4 Page 35
Section 4 Page 36
NAHMS Goat 2019
Animal and Plant
Health Inspection
Service
On-site Agritourism
Questionnaire
National Animal Health
Monitoring System
2150 Centre Ave, Bldg B
Fort Collins, CO 80526
Veterinary
Services
Form Approved
OMB Number 0579-0354
Approval expires: xxxx
Farm ID:
Collector name and phone number:
(6 digits)
Interview Date:
Start Time:
(mm/dd/yy)
1. During the previous 12 months, were members of the general
public invited onto the farm other than to the home? ................................... a101
(hh:mm)
1 Yes
3 No
[If question 1 = No, do not administer the questionnaire. Go to the Office Use Section and select
response code 6.]
2. Did the public have access to areas or facilities on the farm that
house or contain animals, feed, manure, or farm equipment? ..................... a102
1 Yes
3 No
[If question 2 = No, do not administer the rest of the questionnaire. Go to the Office Use Section
and select response code 6.]
According to the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, an agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to
respond to a collection of information unless it displays a valid OMB control number. The valid OMB control number for this
information collection is 0579-0354. The time required to complete this information collection is estimated to average 45
NAHMS
Goat
2019 the time to review instructions, search existing data resources, gather the data needed, and
minutes per
response,
including
complete and review the information collected.
NAHMS-455
1
Date
Section 4 Page 37
For the purposes of this questionnaire, members of the general public that are invited onto this farm are
considered “visitors.” This includes individual visitors as well as organized groups, whether or not the
visitors are charged admission.
3. How many days of the month, for each month, did visitors have access to the facilities on the farm
that housed or contained animals, feed, manure, or farm equipment? What was the average number
of visitors for each month?
Number
Average number of
of days
visitors per month
a. September 2018 ....................................................... a103/a115
_____ d
_____ #
b. October 2018 ........................................................... a104/a116
_____ d
_____ #
c.
November 2018 ........................................................ a105/a117
_____ d
_____ #
d. December 2018 ........................................................ a106/a118
_____ d
_____ #
e. January 2019 ........................................................... a107/a119
_____ d
_____ #
f.
February 2019 .......................................................... a108/a120
_____ d
_____ #
g. March 2019 .............................................................. a109/a121
_____ d
_____ #
h. April 2019 ................................................................. a110/a122
_____ d
_____ #
i.
May 2019 ................................................................. a111/a123
_____ d
_____ #
j.
June 2019 ................................................................ a112/a124
_____ d
_____ #
k.
July 2019 .................................................................. a113/a125
_____ d
_____ #
l.
August 2019 ............................................................. a114/a126
_____ d
_____ #
4. Was there designated parking for visitors away from the
regular farm traffic? ...................................................................................... a127
1 Yes
3 No
5. Was the parking area downhill from any animal facilities, manure
storage areas, or crop fields that were fertilized with animal manure? ........ a128
1 Yes
3 No
6. Did the parking area share a fence line with
an animal pen or pasture? ............................................................................ a129
1 Yes
3 No
[If question 4 = No, SKIP to question 7.]
7. During the previous 12 months, did visitors have access to the following areas of the farm?
a. Milking areas ............................................................................. a130
b. General goat housing areas .....................................................
c.
a131
Kidding areas ............................................................................ a132
1 Yes 3 No 4 NA
1 Yes
3 No
1 Yes 3 No 4 NA
d. Feed or hay storage areas ........................................................ a133
1 Yes
3 No
e. Manure piles/storage areas ...................................................... a134
1 Yes
3 No
8. Could runoff from the manure pile or goat pens have entered
areas where visitors had access? ................................................... a135
1 Yes
3 No
NAHMS Goat 2019
Section 4 Page 38
9. During the previous 12 months, what goat types, and other animals,
were available for public visitation? For available animals, were visitors allowed
to touch the animals, and were visitors allowed in the animal pens?
If Yes,
Visitors
allowed
to touch?
Available for
public visitation?
Visitors
allowed
in pens?
a. Newborn kids (≤1 day of age) a136/a142/a148 1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes 3 No
b. Preweaned kids ......................a137/a143/a149 1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes 3 No
c.
Weaned kids ..........................a138/a144/a150 1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes 3 No
d. Does that are kidding .............a139/a145/a151 1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes 3 No
e. Other adult goats ....................a140/a146/a152 1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes 3 No
f.
Other animal species
(specify: __________) a141oth ...a141/a147/a153 1 Yes 3 No
10. During the previous 12 months, did dogs or cats have access to visitor areas?
If Yes, were they vaccinated against rabies?
Animal
Present?
If Yes,
Vaccinated
against rabies?
a, Dogs ....................................................... a154/a156
1 Yes
3 No
1Yes 3 No 4 DK
b. Cats ........................................................ a155/a157
1 Yes
3 No
1Yes 3 No 4 DK
11. Is there a clearly defined transition area (physical or conceptual)
between animal and non-animal areas, as pictured on reference card 1? . a158
1 Yes
3 No
12. Is this transition area marked by signage visible and easily understood
by visitors, including what is expected of them in the animal area?............. a159
1 Yes
3 No
13. Is each visitor group escorted through goat visitor areas
by a guide? ................................................................................................... a160
1 Yes
3 No
1 Yes
3 No
[If question 11 = No, SKIP to question 13.]
[If question 13 = Yes, SKIP to question 16.]
14. Are there employees available throughout the goat visitor areas
to answer animal questions and direct visitors? ........................................... a161
15. How do visitors typically move through the goat visitor areas?
[Check one only.]
a162
1 One-direction flow of visitor traffic
2 Controlled movement in more than one direction
(e.g., directed two-way traffic)
3 Visitors move freely through the areas with no restrictions
4 Other (specify: ____________________) a162oth
NAHMS Goat 2019
Section 4 Page 39
16. Does this farm require any of the following policies?
If policies are used, are there signs present?
Are the policies verbally communicated?
If Yes,
Policy
used?
Signage
present?
a. Prohibit any food, drinks, or water
bottles in the animal areas .....a163/a169/a175
1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes 3 No
b. Prohibit strollers in the animal
areas ......................................a164/a170/a176
1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes 3 No
c.
Prohibit smoking in the barn ..a165/a171/a177
1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes 3 No
d. Require supervision of children
in animal areas .......................a166/a172/a178
1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes 3 No
e. Require that hands be
washed after contact with
animals ...................................a167/a173/a179
1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes 3 No
f.
1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes 3 No
Policy
Require use of footbaths ........a168/a174/a180
Verbally
Communicated?
17. Does this farm warn visitors regarding the following risks?
If warnings are given, are there signs present and/or
are the warnings verbally communicated?
If Yes,
Warnings given?
Signage
present?
Warning
verbally
communicated?
a. Risk of placing anything in
the visitor’s mouth once entering
the animal areas? ...................a181/a185/a189
1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes 3 No
b. Health risks related to
touching animals? ..................a182/a186/a190
1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes 3 No
Physical safety risks related to
touching animals? ..................a183/a187/a191
1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes 3 No
d. Higher health risks in certain
populations (e.g., children under
the age of 5, adults over the age
of 65, those immunocompromised,
and pregnant women) ............a184/a188/a192
1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes 3 No
1 Yes 3 No
Risks
c.
18. Are visitors allowed to feed goats? ............................................................... a194
1 Yes
3 No
[If question 18 = No, SKIP to question 21.]
NAHMS Goat 2019
Section 4 Page 40
19. Which of the following methods do visitors use to feed the goats?
a. Hand or bottle feed from outside the pen and through the fence .......... a201
1 Yes
3 No
b. Hand or bottle feed inside the pen ......................................................... a202
1 Yes
3 No
c.
Feed placed in a one-way feeding tube ................................................. a203
1 Yes
3 No
d. Other (specify: ___________________________) a204oth ....................... a204
1 Yes
3 No
20. Are high-risk populations, such as children under the age of 5,
prevented from feeding goats? ..................................................................... a205
1 Yes
3 No
21. Are hand-washing stations with soap and water available to visitors
when they exit the goat visitor areas? .......................................................... a206
1 Yes
3 No
[If question 21 = No, SKIP to question 25.]
22. Do hand-washing stations have both hot and cold water? ........................... a207
1 Yes
3 No
23. On average, how frequently (times per day/per week/per month)
when visitors are present are the hand-washing stations
checked for availability of items
_____ OR _____ OR _____ times
such as water, soap, and paper towels?a208/a209/a210
per day
per week
per month
24. Is a checklist used for employees to know the frequency of
inspections for hand-washing areas? ........................................................... a211
1 Yes
3 No
25. Is hand sanitizer available to farm visitors when they exit
the goat visitor areas? .................................................................................. a212
1 Yes
3 No
26. How many times per week are goat visitor areas cleaned
of manure and debris? ......................................................................................... a213
27. How often are goat visitor areas routinely disinfected?
(Disinfectant could be 1:10 bleach dilution, phenolic product
(1-Stroke Environ® or SynPhenol-3™), or an accelerated hydrogen
peroxide product (Intervention™) or Lime).
[Check one only.]
_____ times
a214
1 After every cleaning
2 Several times per year
3 Once per year
4 Only when sick animals have been removed
5 Other frequency (specify: _________________________) a214oth
6 Never disinfected
NAHMS Goat 2019
Section 4 Page 41
28. Are any employees or farm personnel trained or educated on the following topics?
a. How to communicate agricultural practices to visitors ........................... a215
1 Yes
3 No
b. How to keep visitors safe in goat visiting areas ..................................... a216
1 Yes
3 No
c.
Disease transmission risks to visitors .................................................... a217
1 Yes
3 No
d. Cleaning and disinfecting protocols ....................................................... a218
1 Yes
3 No
29. Is there a protocol in place to make sure employees remove animals showing
signs of illness (e.g., diarrhea, fever, coughing) from public visitation areas? .... a220
1 Yes
3 No
1 Yes
3 No
a. Written? .................................................................................................. a222
1 Yes
3 No
b. Verbal? ................................................................................................... a223
1 Yes
3 No
[If question 29 = No, SKIP to question 33.]
30. Was a veterinarian involved in developing this protocol? ............................ a221
31. Is the protocol:
32. How often does the protocol require that these checks for sick animals occur?
[Check one only.]
a224
1 Daily
2 Weekly
3 Only on exhibit days
4 Other (specify: _________________) a224oth
33. In the last 12 months, have pregnant does been included
in the goat visitor area? ................................................................................ a225
1 Yes
3 No
[If question 33 = No, SKIP to question 35.]
34. In the event of an abortion in the goat visitor area, would you:
[Check one only.]
a226
1 Leave goats in the goat visitor area?
If Yes,
a. Are visitors prevented from contact with aborting does? ................ a227
1 Yes
3 No
b. Is there a barrier, such as glass, to prevent shared air space
with aborting does ? ........................................................................ a228
1 Yes
3 No
1 Yes
3 No
2 Remove aborting doe from the goat visitor area?
If Yes, is contaminated bedding also removed? .................................... a229
3 Close the goat visitor area
4 Other (specify: _________________________) a226oth
NAHMS Goat 2019
Section 4 Page 42
35. In the event of at least one goat becoming ill in the goat visitor area
with something other than abortion (for example, diarrhea), which action would be taken? Would you:
a230
[Check one only.]
1 Leave kids or goats in the area(s) open to visitors?
If Yes, are visitors prevented from contact with sick goats?.................. a231
1 Yes
3 No
1 Yes
3 No
37. Is food and drink served in an area where animals have ever been
kept or where there is possible contact with animals? ................................. a232
1 Yes
3 No
38. Are any unpasteurized products served, such as milk,
cheese, yogurt, or fruit juice? ...................................................................... a233
1 Yes
3 No
39. Are hand-washing stations with soap and water available to farm
visitors at the entry to the food service area? ............................................... a234
1 Yes
3 No
a. Are visitors required to wash their hands prior to eating? .................... a236
1 Yes
3 No
b. Are there signs reminding visitors to wash their hands prior to eating?
a237
1 Yes
3 No
Are there signs indicating where visitors can wash their hands? .......... a238
1 Yes
3 No
41. Is hand sanitizer available to visitors in the food service area? ................... a239
1 Yes
3 No
42. Do employees who handle the animals also serve food or drink to visitors?a240
1 Yes
3 No
a. Change clothing? ................................................................................... a241
1 Yes
3 No
b. Change footwear? .................................................................................. a242
1 Yes
3 No
c.
Wash hands? ......................................................................................... a243
1 Yes
3 No
d. Wear disposable gloves? ....................................................................... a244
1 Yes
3 No
44. a. Have you met with an insurance agent about protecting your
farm through policies for an agritourism operation? ..................................... a245
1 Yes
3 No
b. If Yes, have you added policies specific to public
visitation on your farm? ................................................................................ a246
1 Yes
3 No
2 Remove sick animal(s) from the area(s) open to visitors?
3 Close the goat visitor area?
4 Other (specify: ________________________________) a231oth
36. Is any food or drink available for visitors as samples or to purchase? ......... a232
[If question 36 = No, SKIP to question 44.]
[If question 39 = No, SKIP to question 41.]
40.
For these hand-washing stations:
c.
[If question 42 = No, SKIP to question 44.]
43. Between handling animals and serving food or drink to visitors,
are employees required to:
NAHMS Goat 2019
Section 4 Page 43
Office Use Only
Collector name and phone number:
Farm ID:
Interview date:
(6 digits)
Ending time:
(mm/dd/yy)
1. Total time for interview (include time to discuss the program and
complete the questionnaire). If more than one data collector present,
enter the combined time ...............................................................................
(hh:mm)
tmin
_____ min
2. Enter response code 99 if questionnaire is completed or enter
04 or 07 to best describe the reason why the owner
is not participating ....................................................................................... notpart
_____ code
99 = Survey completed
04 = Does not want to do another survey or divulge information
06 = Not eligible
07 = Other reason (explain below)
3. Which of the following best describes the respondent’s position
with this operation? .........................................................................................pos
_____ code
1 = Owner
2 = Manager
3 = Family member (other than owner or manager)
4 = Other hired employee
5 = Other (specify: _______________________________) posoth
4. Producer data quality .............................................dqual
1 Good to excellent
2 OK 3 Poor
5. Did the respondent use written or computerized records to
assist in answering this survey? .................................................................... rec
1 Yes
3 No
Comments regarding this questionnaire or operation:
VMO or AHT signature: ___________________________________________________
TO BE COMPLETED BY THE COORDINATOR:
Field data quality .......................................................... fqual
1 Good to excellent
2 OK 3 Poor
NAHMS Goat 2019
Section 4 Page 44
Agritourism Reference Card 1- Transition Area
(Adapted from NASPHV Animal Contact Compendium Committee 2013. Compendium of
measures to prevent disease associated with animals in public settings, 2013. J Am Vet Med
Assoc 2013;243:1270–1288.)
NAHMS Goat 2019
Section 4 Page 45
Section 4 Page 46
GOAT 2019 VS VISIT QUESTIONNAIRE GUIDE
Read all questions to the Producer and follow instructions carefully. Do not leave any
questions blank unless instructed to skip. Questions left blank hinder data validation and
analysis because it is not known if the question was missed accidentally or if the Producer did
not have an answer. We may request you re-contact the Producer for missing data or
clarification.
Do not hesitate to write comments directly on the questionnaire. We would rather have a
lengthy explanation for a strange answer than no explanation at all. If an answer does not
make sense and has no explanation, we might have to ask your Coordinator to ask you to
explain the answer, delaying data entry.
Note: If the response is zero (0), enter the number 0; do not leave the response blank.
If the Producer does not know, work with him or her to try to estimate the answer. If the
Producer does not have an answer, use DK for Don’t Know or NA for Not Applicable to
indicate why the question was not answered. Please write in the margins to explain
unusual circumstances or answers.
At times during the interview, a Producer may feel uncomfortable providing the requested
data without consulting records. Producers should be given additional time to look up the
information or report it by telephone to you later as long as the timeliness of data submission
is not adversely affected. Also, some Producers may be reluctant to provide estimates where
records are not available. In this case, the Producer should be encouraged to respond, and
the circumstances for the response should be noted in the margin next to the pertinent
question. We will take these notes into account when assessing overall data quality for the
site.
Note: If a question is about inventory, ask the Producer to share numbers from the period
between September 1, 2019 and August 31, 2019. If a question is about a practice or
procedure, then refer to the previous 12 months from the date of the interview.
Section 4 Page 47
INITIAL INFORMATION
State FIPS
Enter the 2-digit FIPS code for the state: AL-01, AK-02, CA-06, CO-08, CT-09, FL-12, GA-13,
IN-18, IA-19, KY-21, MI-26, MN-27, MO-29, NY-36, NC-37, OH-39, OK-40, OR-41, PA-42,
TN-47, TX-48, VT-50, VA-51, WA-53, WI-55.
Operation Number
Enter the 4-digit ID number assigned by NASS.
Note: The 6-digit combination of the State FIPS Code and Operation numbers
is referred to as the Farm ID or NAHMS ID. For example, 21 1167 would be a
Farm (NAHMS) ID for the State of KY.
NASS will provide an EPAID ID (see example below) on the consent form. The
EPAID ID will contain 3 extra zeroes between the State FIPS and the operation
number. For example, 21 000 1167 is an EPAID ID. Please ignore the 3 middle
zeroes when you record the Farm (NAHMS) ID.
EPAID Example:
Interviewer’s Initials
Enter up to three initials.
Date
Enter the interview date in MM/DD/YY format.
Time
Enter the time you arrived at the operation in HH:MM format using military time.
Section 4 Page 48
SECTION A: INVENTORY
The following definitions may be useful when completing this section of the
questionnaire:
Kid: A goat less than 1 year old.
Preweaned: A kid that is still nursing or being fed milk replacer.
Adult goat: A goat greater than 1 year old.
Resident goat: A goat that spends the majority of time on the operation or managed
by the operation (regardless of ownership).
Item A1(a-e): Number of kids and goats on hand
Record the number of goats or kids in each age class listed that were part of this
operation as of the date of the interview. Today’s inventory of each goat class will
be used as a denominator for many of the questions in this survey.
Sum the totals from each age class and report in Item A1e.
[If no kid or adult goats, Skip to Section O]
What if...
The Producer has 15 extra goats on the operation that belong to a neighbor whose
barn burned down. Would these 15 goats be included in today’s inventory?
Answer: Do not include these goats.
What if...
Goat are leased to graze on a separate property?
Answer: Count all those goats even though they may be off the operation for several
months at a time.
What if...
Some goats were off site today? Should they be included?
Answer: Yes. We want to know the number of goats that are resident to the operation
whether or not they are present on the date of the interview. So if they’re part of the
flock and normally housed on the operation, include them even if they were off the
operation for a short time such as for shows, breeding, etc.
Section 4 Page 49
SECTION B: PREVENTIVE PRACTICES
The following definitions may be useful when completing this section of the
questionnaire:
Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis (CAE): The CAE virus causes arthritis in adult goats
and encephalitis in kids between 2 and 6 months old. Infection can also lead to hard
udder or mastitis, reduced milk production, chronic pneumonia, and progressive
weight loss. Some goats can be infected without showing any clinical signs, thus
serving as a hidden source of infection for other goats in the herd. The virus can be
transmitted through ingestion of infected goat milk or colostrum; contact with
contaminated blood, saliva, respiratory secretions, or vaginal secretions; contact with
contaminated equipment, such as milking equipment, needles, or tattooing
equipment; and breeding of noninfected animals with infected animals. Economic
losses associated with CAE include loss of milk production (may be up to 30%), early
culling, and shorter lifespan and reduced growth of offspring.
Caseous Lymphadenitis (CL): CL is characterized by abscesses in the skin, lymph
nodes, and internal organs, CL is caused by a bacterium, Corynebacterium
pseudotuberculosis. Abscesses can break open to the skin surface, leading to spread
of the bacteria through wounds or abraded skin and via ingestion of contaminated
feed or grass. In many animals, the organism disseminates to the lungs and nearby
lymph nodes, causing respiratory problems, and the bacteria also can be spread by
the respiratory route. Economic losses related to CL include condemnation and trim
of infected carcasses, devaluation of hides, and decreased meat yield and
reproductive efficiency.
Herd Health Management Plan: A set of written protocols that directly relate to the
management of animal health on the operation, including key factors such as disease
control measures (e.g. vaccination and quarantine protocols), disease testing and/or
necropsy protocols, feed and water resource management, or structural/enclosure
management.
Isolation or Quarantine: Physical separation of an animal or group of animals from
other goats on the operation, with no physical contact allowed.
Johne’s Disease: A contagious disease of cattle and other ruminants, including
goats, that results in weight loss despite a normal appetite and proper nutrition.
Diarrhea can also occur, but is less common in goats than in cattle. The disease is
caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis, which
can survive in the environment for up to a year and remain infectious to ruminants.
The primary mode of transmission is fecal-oral, including ingestion of contaminated
feed, water, or bedding. Kids can be infected by nursing an udder soiled with
contaminated fecal material. The bacterium also can be transmitted through milk and
colostrum, as well as in utero. Infected animals shed the bacteria for months or years
before they develop clinical signs, resulting in heavy contamination of pastures before
it is known the disease is present. Goats sharing pasture with infected cattle are
susceptible to infection.
Section 4 Page 50
(Definitions continued)
Sore mouth (orf, contagious ecthyma): Sore mouth is caused by a pox virus and is
highly contagious in goats, especially young kids. Sores caused by the virus usually
occur around the mouth and teats but can also occur on the legs, vulva, and face.
Scabs, which contain viable virus, can fall off the animal and remain in the
environment, providing a source of infection for other animals. Although the virus is
zoonotic, the sores that infected people can contract are not infective for other people.
However, they may be painful and last for 2 months, but they usually heal without
scarring.
Item B1: Herd health management plan
Mark “Yes” or “No” to indicate whether the Producer has an established written health
management plan which was in use within in the past 12 months. If “Yes” is selected,
complete Items 1a-e.
Item B1(a-e): Resources used in development of health plan
Select the corresponding “Yes” for all resources used in the development of
the herd health plan, include all resources if multiple were used. Select the
corresponding “No” for all resources which were not used in the development
of the herd health plan. If 1b “Other” is selected, be specific and concise in
describing the resource used.
Item B2(a-h): Individual animal disease testing
Select the correct box to indicate if the operation tested resident goats (in column 1)
or new additions (in column 2) for each of the listed diseases. If there were no new
additions to the herd in 2019, skip column 2. If Item B2h “Other” is selected, specify
the disease being tested in individual animals.
A new addition is any goat that has been added to the herd in the last 12 months.
Item B3: Number of goats with abscesses, boils, or lumps
Record the number of goats and kids with any lesion consistent with caseous
lymphadenitis associated abscesses, boils, or lumps within the skin or subcutaneous
space and located anywhere on the body. The lesion does not need to have an official
diagnosis and can simply be an observation by the Producer. Enter 0 if no goats had
any abscesses, boils, or lumps.
[If Item B3 = 0, Skip to Item B5]
Section 4 Page 51
Item B4(a-h): Actions taken for animals with abscesses, boils, or lumps
For Items B4a – B4h, check “Yes” or “No” to indicate whether the Producer took the
specified action for goats or kids that had abscesses, boils, or lumps on the head,
shoulder, or upper rear legs in 2019. If the Producer usually took no action, check
“No” for Items B4a – B4h. If “Yes” is selected for Item B4c, indicate in days how long
the goat was isolated from the herd. For Item B4di, indicate whether the drainage was
disposed of away from the goat raising areas (any place where no goats will be
exposed to the drainage). If “Yes” is selected for B4h, specify the action that was
taken.
Item B5: Vaccination of any goats or kids in 2019
This is a lead-in question for the next series of questions. Answer “Yes” if the
Producer vaccinated any kid or adult for any diseases in the last 12 months. We want
to capture the vaccination practices for this herd.
What if...
The Producer doesn’t vaccinate his goats, but brought some new additions onto the
operation and they were vaccinated for Clostridium type C and D?
Answer: “No” and move on to Respiratory vaccines.
What if…
The Producer doesn’t know the vaccination status of the herd?
Answer: Ask the Producer if they have their veterinary records as those might help. If
the Producer doesn’t have any veterinary records, and they have no idea, write in
“DK” and Skip to Item B9.
[If Item B5 = No, Skip to Item B9]
Item B6: Vaccine products used in 2019
Notice there are 4 columns—nursing kids, weaned kids, adult does, and adult
bucks/wethers. First identify if any of the goat classes were not present on the
operation. Check the first cell in the column if that class of goat was not present on
the operation in the past 12 months and move on to the next column. For example, a
Producer who had dairy goats but no bucks or wethers would check the box for adult
bucks/wethers. Only mark the categories in Row One which the Producer does not
have.
If a goat class is present, then look at the shaded rows. Each of the shaded rows
represents a different general group of vaccines: Clostridial, Respiratory, Mastitis,
Anti-Abortion, and Other. If the goat class was present on the farm, indicate “Yes” or
“No” for each goat class (columns) whether the vaccine type (rows) was used.
Enter the product code from the Vaccine Reference Card (which can be found
stapled to the back of the questionnaire and in the Reference Card section of this
training manual) in the non-shaded cells for the goat classes that received the vaccine
type listed in the left column. If a goat class did not receive the listed vaccine, leave
the cell blank. If the product is unknown, but was used for a goat class, enter “99” in
the cell. Do not enter codes in the blank shaded boxes, as these are inappropriate
Section 4 Page 52
vaccines for the age or sex of goats. For “Other” categories, include the full name of
the vaccine given by the Producer or on the label if it does not match any of those on
the reference card.
What if…
The nursing kids were vaccinated for tetanus and were later weaned and
revaccinated for tetanus as replacement does in 2019.
Answer: Vaccination of animals would be indicated in both ‘Nursing kids’ and ‘Adult
does’.
What if…
The Producer only knows the trade name of the vaccine he/she administered?
Answer: If you have the complete trade name, then the diseases covered by the
vaccine can be determined from that. However, for the trade name to be useful, you
need the complete name. If all you know is the vaccine family name, like Spirovac, we
cannot determine what diseases are covered because there are 3 different varieties of
Spirovac. For example, “Spirovac” only covers Leptospira hardjo while “Spirovac VL5”
covers Vibrio (Campylobacter fetus) and the 5 common Leptospira species (canicola,
grippotyphosa, hardjo, icterohaemorrhagiae, pomona). There are also many different
varieties for all of the other common goat vaccines like ScourGuard, Super Poly,
Presponse, Vision, Ultrabac, and Essential. These names alone are not useful. We
need the complete vaccine name, including the numbers and letters that appear after
the vaccine family name. If the Producer has the label on hand, you can tell what
diseases the vaccine covers by looking at the label. Looking at the label is the most
reliable method of determining what diseases are covered by the vaccine. If the
vaccine doesn’t match one of the listed codes, write the COMPLETE trade name of
the vaccine in the margins.
What if…
The veterinarian administers the vaccinations and the Producer doesn’t know what is
given?
Answer: Prompt the Producer to show you the veterinary invoice or receipt for
purchased vaccine. If that is not helpful, ask the Producer to contact their veterinarian
within the next day or so and ask what vaccines are typically given, and then call you
back with the vaccine information.
[If Item B6a (Clostridium type C and D) and ItemB6c (7- or 8-way vaccine) =
Missing for adult does, Skip to Item B8]
Item B7: Frequency of Clostridium C & D vaccination in adult does
To answer this question, refer to Item 6a and 6c. Confirm that at least one vaccine
was given for Clostridium C & D. Select which dosing frequency best matches the
Producer’s record or recollection of vaccination for adult does only. Only select one
answer.
Section 4 Page 53
Item B8(a-d): Person administering sore mouth vaccine
Sore mouth can be highly contagious to humans. This question is two-fold, who
administered the sore mouth vaccine in 2019, and did that individual wear gloves
during administration. More than one individual may have administered the sore
mouth vaccine, ensure the responses correspond to the previous 12 months. If
“Other” is selected, be specific and concise to describe the individual that
administered the vaccine.
[If the soremouth vaccine is not given, check “NA” and skip to Item B9 (don’t
answer 8a-d).]
Note: Compare Items B6n and B8 to be sure the use of sore mouth vaccine was
answered consistently.
[If Item B8(a-d) is answered, Skip to Item B10]
Item B9(a-h): Importance of reasons to not use sore mouth vaccine
For each potential reason listed in Items B9a-9h, check the box that corresponds to
the level of Importance (very, somewhat, or not important) the respondent places on
that reason for not using a sore mouth (orf) vaccine. Leave this question blank if
the Producer vaccinated for Sore Mouth.
Item B10(a-c): Johne’s disease herd health management plan
This question is asking for the operations intent to specifically control and/or prevent
Johne’s disease. The management program to control or prevent Johne’s can be
formal, written guidelines or a simple management practice devised by the Producer
and the veterinarian. But it must include things such as periodic testing of the
resident herd, and not sharing equipment that could possibly be contaminated.
Additionally, if an operation uses milk or colostrum from other operations, it should
only use products from test negative herds. A unique program for the operation and
the state-sponsored certification programs are straightforward. If neither of these
apply, and the Producer claims to have a Johne’s program in use, please specify in
the “Other” field which certification program is used including the name and operating
agency, if not state-sponsored, or what other program is used for disease control.
Most operations with a Johne’s Disease control program should fall into one of the
two specified categories.
What if…
The herd is closed and tested negative years ago and they do not receive milk or
colostrum from other herds? Is this considered a management program?
Answer: Yes, this is considered a management program.
Item B11(a-g): Preventive practices for Johne’s disease
To answer question 11, one answer should be selected for Items B11a-11g. If Item
B11g is “Yes” then proceed to answer the following questions for testing practices.
The table works as a flow chart from left to right, then work down to answer all items
(a-e). If “Other” test is selected, be specific on the type of test used which is not
classified as a blood or fecal test.
Section 4 Page 54
What if…
All milk and colostrum provided to kids comes from test negative does and/or cows on
the same operation?
Answer: Select “Yes” for Item B11f “Other,” and specify milk and colostrum provided
from test negative does and cows.
What if…
There are llamas, alpacas on the operation and they are tested for Johne’s?
Answer: Check ‘Yes’ in Item B11f “Other,” and explain they are testing camelids.
Item B12(a-j): Training for any personnel on goat raising activities
This question is two-fold. It first asks if a training was provided directly relating to the
item in the left column of the procedure table. If “Yes” then provide the code (1-6) to
specify the individual that was primarily responsible for providing the training to
personnel. Family members should be considered owners if they are involved in
trainings. “Other” may include another specialist not listed, a government official if not
a veterinarian, or an online training or official certifiable training course where there
may be multiple contributors providing training.
What if…
The Producer provides a meeting on pasture management once per year for the
workers that rotate stock?
Answer: This would qualify for a training, and the owner would be the person
providing the training. Pasture management would fall under the heading of ‘Feeding
and nutrition’ in the procedure table.
Section 4 Page 55
SECTION C: KIDDING MANAGEMENT
This section includes questions about kid care and management. Please remind the
Producer to answer based on what the operation usually did during the previous 12
months (September 1, 2018 – August 31, 2019). The Producer might tend to recall more of
the exceptional situations, but we need to know what the usual practices were. All questions
refer to the most recently completed kidding period – that is, all pregnant does have kidded.
What if…
There is no defined kidding period and does kid year round?
Answer: Provide information for all does that kidded in the last 12 month period.
The following definitions may be useful when completing this section of the
questionnaire:
Colostrum: The first milk a goat produces after kidding. It contains immunoglobulins
that provide some immunity to the kid(s).
Disinfectant: A chemical product used on surfaces after removal of all organic
materials. Disinfectants include 1:10 bleach dilution, phenolic products, or an
accelerated hydrogen peroxide product or lime.
Kidding Area: Specific areas to which does are moved to kid
Weaned Replacement: Goat kids that are retained to be used for breeding in the
herd. If replacement goats are being raised with the intent of becoming dairy goats,
they are called Dairy Replacement Goats.
Weaned Market: Goat kids that have been sufficiently finished to go direct to
consumers rather than needing to be fed prior to marketing.
Completed Kidding Period: The period when all pregnant does have kidded or if
kidding occurs year round, then refer to the last 12 months.
Item C1: Any kids born on operation
Check “Yes” or “No” to indicate whether any kids were born on the operation during
the previous 12 months.
Note: this question asks about a 12 month period. All remaining questions in this
section refer to the last completed kidding period.
[If Item C1 = No, Skip to Section D]
Item C2(a-c): Kids born alive or dead in recently completed kidding season
Of kids born on the operation during the most recently completed kidding season,
record the total number of kids born in each category (alive or dead). Ensure the total
in Item 2c is equal to the sum of 2a and 2b.
Section 4 Page 56
What if…
The Producer found a dead kid in the pasture but doesn’t know if it was born alive?
Answer: Ask the Producer to use his or her best judgment. If the Producer is certain
the kid was born alive and healthy, but died because of some cause such as
suffocation in the amniotic sac or exposure to the elements, the kid should be counted
as “born alive.” If the Producer believes the kid was dead or if the kid was found dead
and thought to have been dead at birth, the kid should be counted as “born dead.” If
the producer can’t decide, then the kid should be counted as “born dead.”
Item C3(a-c): Kidding management practices
For Item C3a, specify in hours the frequency that someone did a walk-by, monitored
cameras, or used some other monitoring system for newborns. For Item C3b, select
the response that most closely matches the Producer’s behavior for dipping umbilicus
in a chlorhexidine or iodine solution. This practice must be done immediately after
birth to be considered effective, so if the Producer dips the day after kidding, indicate
“Never.” For Item C3c, indicate “Yes” or “No” whether the kids were separated from
dams prior to weaning.
What if…
The Producer uses video cameras and the kidding area is continuously monitored?
Answer: Write in 0.1 to designate that the kidding area is continuously monitored.
Also, include a note to describe the monitoring.
What if…
The producer uses a homeopathic product to dip for dipping the umbilicus?
Answer: Select “Never.” This question is only asking for the use of cholorhexidine or
iodine disinfecting solutions to dip the umbilicus.
[If Item C3c = No, Skip to Item C5]
Item C4(a-b): Duration of separation of kids from dams
Enter the average time, in either hours or days, for all kids in the most recently
completed kidding period from birth until separation from dams. This question may
also be read as “how long were kids left with dams until they were separated.”
Report doe and buck kids separately, even if the average duration was the same for
both groups. If time before separation was less than one hour, report the nearest
quarter hour. If kids were not allowed to nurse, select removed immediately.
Item C5: Use of a specific kidding area
For the most recent completed kidding season, was there a specific area
designated as a kidding area? This means that does were moved to the specified
area from late gestation to kidding.
[If Item C5 = No, Skip to Item C8]
Section 4 Page 57
Item C6(a-b): Duration of does in kidding area
Indicate the average time, in either hours or days, that does were placed in kidding
areas for the last complete kidding season. Separate the total duration into a value for
Item C6a, prior to kidding, and for Item C6b, after kidding. Enter “0” for C6a if the doe
was moved during kidding. Enter “0” for C6b if the doe was removed from the area
immediately after kidding.
Item C7: Cleaning and disinfecting of kidding area
Newborns are more vulnerable to disease (such as Johne’s and Scrapie) and keeping
the kidding area clean cuts down on the risk of transmitting most infectious diseases.
Check one answer for each column, and the frequency of the actions. Discuss the
definitions of cleaning vs disinfecting with the Producer to best determine if the
action(s) was/were used.
What if…
They remove manure only? Or just the waste bedding?
Answer: If they don’t do both, select ‘Not Cleaned’.
Item C8(a-c): Delivery of colostrum to newborn kids
To answer this question, determine with the Producer which methods were used for
feeding colostrum to both doe and buck kids. Separate out the number of kids for
each sex by method of colostrum delivery. Enter the percentage of the total for each
sex on the corresponding line (total kids are reported in Item C2a). The total should
add up to 100% between the three feeding categories among doe kids, and add up to
100% between the three feeding categories among buck kids. The percentages
reported are best derived from the Producer’s records, but estimates are acceptable.
Item C8a: “Hand/bottle-fed, no nursing”: Kids were separated from their mother
immediately after birth and never nursed; they were fed exclusively by hand or bottle.
Item C8b: “Nursing and hand-feeding”: Kids nursed their mother but also were handfed.
Item C8c: “Nursing only”: Kids nursed their mother. Kids that were hand-fed only if
orphaned should go into c8a or c8b, depending on when they were orphaned.
[If Item C8c for both bucks and does = 100% (nursing only), skip to Item C14]
Item C9(a-b): Hours following birth receiving first hand-feeding of colostrum
Indicate how many hours after kidding each kid class received colostrum, on average.
If hand-fed immediately following kidding, select “Fed immediately.”
Item C10(a-c): Method of hand-feeding colostrum
Check the box for the option that best describes the method which is typically used to
deliver colostrum to kids on the operation. Check only one box for doe kids and one
box for buck kids; if the Producer occasionally uses different practices, we want to
know the one that was used for the greatest number of kids in each class.
Item C11(a-c): Ounces of colostrum fed by hand to kids
Section 4 Page 58
Enter the average volume of colostrum given to doe and buck kids at the two time
periods listed (first feeding, all subsequent feedings within 24 hours) and sum the total
volume in Item C11c. If the average volume was the same for both doe and buck kids,
write the same numbers in the two columns. If kids were allowed to nurse enter 0 for
the first feeding.
Item C12(a-g): Sources of first colostrum feeding
To answer this question, use numbers from the most recent completed kidding period.
Indicate the percentage of the total for each group of kids that received colostrum
from each of the listed sources. For kids that were allowed to nurse prior to handfeeding then indicate the percentage of kids for which this applies in Item C12a
(Unpasteurized colostrum). Each kid should only be counted once. If Item C12g
“Other” is selected, specify the colostrum source. Ensure that the column totals for
Items C12a-g add up to 100%.
What if…
All kids were allowed to nurse prior to being hand fed colostrum?
Answer: 12a ‘Doe kids’ = 100, and ‘Buck kids’ = 100
Item C13: Primary method used to store colostrum
Select the single answer that most closely aligns with the method the Producer uses
to store colostrum. If “Other” is selected, specify the colostrum storage method.
Item C14(a-d): Liquid diet types
Report the percentage of each kid group that received the listed liquid diet type
(nursing only, nursing plus other liquid diet, other liquid diet only). Ensure that the sum
of Items C14a-C14c total to 100%.
What if…
Most kids were allowed to nurse colostrum but then removed from dams after their
first nursing and started on milk replacer?
Answer: Item C14 is referring to the liquid diet after colostrum administration. Select
“Other liquid diet only” in this scenario.
[If Item C14a (nursing only) for doe kids and buck kids= 100%, Skip to
Section D]
Item C15(a-j): Liquid diet types not from nursing
Determine the percentage of doe and buck kids receiving the listed liquid diet type
and report percentage in the corresponding column. Kids may be counted more than
once if they received more than one type of liquid diet other than nursing. If Item C15j
is greater than 0, specify the liquid diet type. The column totals may be over 100% for
this question.
[If Item C15i for both buck and doe kids = 0 (no medicated cow milk replacer
fed), Skip to Item C17]
Section 4 Page 59
Item C16(a-f): Medications in cow milk replacer
Indicate whether each of the listed medications were included in the cow milk replacer
product used as a liquid diet for kids. If the Producer is unsure either way if there was
a specific medication in the milk replacer, select “DK” for Don’t Know. If Item C16f is
selected, specify the medication that was included in the cow milk replacer. Use
Producer’s records or feed labels to confirm which medications were in the products
used.
Item C17(a-e): Equipment used to deliver milk or milk replacer
Determine the percentage of doe and buck kids that were delivered milk or milk
replacer from each of the delivery methods listed. If “Other” is selected, specify the
equipment used to feed the kids. The column totals may be greater than 100% if kids
are fed with multiple methods.
Item C18: Frequency of cleaning or disinfecting of milk feeding equipment
Check one answer for each column, indicating whether the equipment was either
cleaned or disinfected and the frequency of the actions. Cleaning includes the
removal of organic material using soap and water. Disinfectant could be 1:10 bleach
dilution, phenolic product (1-Stroke Environ® or SynPhenol-3™), or an accelerated
hydrogen peroxide product (intervention™). Disinfecting without cleaning is not likely
to be effective. Discuss the definitions of cleaning vs disinfecting with the Producer to
best determine which method was used.
Section 4 Page 60
SECTION D: PARASITE CONTROL
The following definition may be useful when completing this section of the
questionnaire:
FAMACHA© Card: The FAMACHA© card/eye color score is a method for classifying
the level of anemia in animals, which is a good indicator of the animals’ internal
parasite load for one particular worm (Haemonchus). By examining the color on the
inside of the lower eyelid of a sheep or goat, it is possible to determine if it has
become anemic. This is often caused by the blood sucking intestinal parasites,
particularly Haemonchus contortus. A relatively simple test known as the FAMACHA
anemia guide, has been developed by scientists in South Africa and is being
increasingly used as part of integrated parasite control programs.
Item D1: Producer’s use of the FAMACHA© score
Check the box that best corresponds with the Producer’s use of the FAMACHA©
score system.
[If Item D1 = 1 or 2, Skip to Item D3]
Item D2(a-c): Use of FAMACHA© score
Check the box for all categories that describe the Producer’s current use of the
FAMACHA© card/eye color score. More than one “Yes” selection may be made. If
“Other” is selected, please specify the alternative use of FAMACHA© score card.
2a refers to whether a Producer is tracking individual goats for susceptibility to
Haemonchus (barber pole worm) with the plan to selectively breed only resistant
goats, or cull the ones that are always needing to be dewormed. Some goats are
more susceptible to Haemonchus than others and this management practice can lead
to a more robust herd resistant to parasitism
Item D3: Goats tested for internal parasites
Provide a sum of all goats tested for internal parasites by any fecal test method.
These include fecal flotation, fecal egg count reduction test, or DrenchRite test. Count
each goat tested just once, even if they were tested several times.
What if…
The Producer has 20 goats and each one was tested twice by fecal flotation?
Answer: Record “20” in Item D3.
[If Item D3 = 0, Skip to Item D6]
Section 4 Page 61
Item D4(a-d): Internal parasite testing performed
Record the number of tests performed by the methods listed. If Item D4d “Other” is
selected, specify the test that was used. Count each test separately.
What if…
The Producer has 20 goats and each one was tested twice by fecal flotation?
Answer: Record “40” in Item D4a.
What if…
The Producer has 20 goats and each one was tested by fecal egg counts before and
after deworming?
Answer: This is a fecal egg count reduction test, so record “20” in item D4b and
record “0” in item D4a.
[If Items D4a and D4b = 0, Skip to Item D6]
Item D5: Person completing fecal flotation or fecal egg count
Select a single response to indicate the individual that performed the majority, if not
all, fecal flotation or fecal egg count tests for internal parasites in the last 12 months. If
“Other” is selected, be specific in recording the individual that performed these tests.
Item D6: Deworming history with medication or alternative products
Select “Yes” if any deworming product was used for goats in the past 3 years
(September 1, 2016-August 31, 2019). Not all Producers deworm every year and we
want to capture the % of operations that have used anthelmintics in recent years.
Note: Item D6 refers to the past 3 years. Whereas the next group of questions (D7-D10) refer
to the previous 12 months.
[If Item D6 = No, Skip to Item D11]
Item D7(a-d): Frequency of deworming goats in last 12 months
Of the goat classes listed, record the number of animals that were or were not
dewormed in in the last 12 months next to the appropriate response regarding how
often the operation usually dewormed.
What if…
A goat was dewormed as a kid but during those 12 months it became an adult and
was not dewormed again?
Answer: This kid would be counted in the Item D7b (dewormed once) kid column and
would be counted in the item D7a (never dewormed) adult column.
Section 4 Page 62
Note: Deworming for this question can include herbal, natural, or alternative dewormers. The
Anthelmintic Reference Card, which lists common dewormers, will be stapled to the back of
the questionnaire and can be found in the reference card section of this training manual. The
names may be helpful for the Producer to recognize the product.
[If Item 7b-d (for kids and goats)= 0 then, Skip to Item 11]
Item D8(a-i): Products used to treat worms in the last 12 months
For the animals that were dewormed in the last 12 months, check the appropriate
response for each of the listed dewormers. If a product not listed was used, be sure to
write in the specific product in the “Other” category. Use the Anthelminthic
Reference Card, that is stapled to the back of this questionnaire and can be found in
the Reference Card section of this training manual, to categorize specific products
into anthelminthic classes. Do not include dewormers used to treat Coccidia,
coccidiostats will be discussed in the following sections. If “Yes” is selected for Item
D8i, specify the dewormer product used.
Item D9: Total dollar amount spent on deworming products
Write in the total amount, in US Dollars, that was spent on deworming products that
were administered to goats only on the operation in the last 12 months.
Item D10(a-c): Top three reasons used to determine goats to deworm
For operations that used a dewormer in the last 12 months, write in three reason
codes (1-8), in the order of importance, that were used to decide which goats to
deworm. If code 8 is used, specify the deworming reason.
What if…
The Producer only has one reason for deworming?
Answer: Write “NA” for D10b and D10c. Also, please make a note in the margin that
the producer only has one reason for deworming.
Item D11(a-k): Management activities for parasite control
Indicate for each activity listed, whether it was used as part of an internal parasite
control plan in 2019. Select “NA” for Items D11a and D11f if the operation did not
have goats on pasture during 2019. If Item D11k is selected, specify the additional
component(s) of your internal parasite control program.
Item D12(a-c): Observation of external parasites
Indicate “Yes” or “No” whether the Producer observed lice, mites, or ticks on goats in
the previous 12 months. Answer “Yes” even if the Producer only observed one louse,
mite, or tick, on one goat in the previous 12 months.
Section 4 Page 63
SECTION E: GOAT AND HERD HEALTH
The following definitions may be useful when completing this section of the
questionnaire:
Mastitis: Inflammation of the udder, usually caused by bacteria, that reduces milk
production and reduces milk quality. Depending on the infectious agent, severe cases
can lead to systemic disease and death. Clinical mastitis is detected by visible
abnormalities in the milk or udder, such as clots in milk or udder swelling. Subclinical
mastitis, which is much more common, is usually detected by increased numbers of
somatic cells in milk (a high SCC, or high somatic cell count). Economic losses
caused by mastitis include decreased milk production and meat production (because
of treatments).
Somatic Cell Count (SCC): A measure of the number of white blood cells and
secretory cells per milliliter of milk. Each bulk tank of milk is usually tested for SCC as
an indication of milk quality. Individual goats can be tested for SCC, usually through
routine Dairy Herd Improvement Association (DHIA) monitoring.
Item E1: Number of does milked
Record the number of does that were in milk on the operation between September 1,
2018 and August 31, 2019. Count each doe only once, even if she kidded twice in the
12 month period. Include all does whether nursing kids or being milked.
[If Item E1 = 0, Skip to Item E4]
Item E2: Number of milked does with clinical mastitis
Of the total does in milk from Item E1, record the number of does that had clinical
mastitis in 2019. Count each doe only once, even if she kidded twice in the previous
12 months.
[If Item E2 = 0 or DK, Skip to Item E4]
What if…
The Producer thought a doe was producing less milk so he did a California mastitis
test (CMT) that was positive, but she did not have any visual changes to her udder
and/or milk?
Answer: This doe has subclinical mastitis and should not be counted in the total
number of does with clinical mastitis. In order to be counted as clinical mastitis, the
doe must have visual changes to her udder and/or milk, such as a hard and swollen
udder, or clumping in the milk.
Item E3: Method of diagnosing mastitis
Select the single method that was used most commonly to diagnose mastitis on the
operation in the previous 12 months. If “Other” is selected, specify the method that
was most commonly used to diagnose mastitis on the operation.
Section 4 Page 64
What if…
The Producer changed methods mid-way through the year, such as they previously
relied on visual observation until a veterinarian came out and demonstrated the CMT,
then the Producer started using CMT?
Answer: Use the 12 month period from the date of the interview. Select which ever
method was used for the majority of the year, so if the Producer switched to the CMT
the previous 6 months then select “Visual observation” to answer this question.
Item E4: Abortion of bred does
This is a lead in/skip question about does that aborted during the previous 12 months.
Select “NA” if no bred does were present on the operation during the past 12 months.
Note that does could have been bred greater than 12 months ago, but were pregnant
and aborted during the last 12 months.
What if…
Early abortions are not observed; it is unknown if the does aborted or never took?
Answer: Use the Producer’s best information he/she can provide and indicate in the
margin any indications that unobserved abortions may have occurred.
[If Item E4 = No or NA, Skip to Item E7]
Item E5(a-d): Steps taken for aborting does
Aborting does and the resulting placentas can be a risk factor for disease. Check
“Yes” if any of the listed steps were taken while does (of any age) aborted during the
last 12 months.
Note: Disinfect the area means to remove all organic material and then apply a
disinfecting solution to, at least, the area where the placenta landed. Obviously, this
would be answered only when kidding takes place on solid flooring because
disinfecting the pasture isn’t possible. If E5d = Yes (separate aborted does from other
does), check the box for Item E5d that describes what happens with the majority of
those separated does. If returned to the flock during the same kidding season, write in
the average number of days separated.
Item E6(a-h): Causes and diagnosis of abortion in does
For the abortions that took place in the past 12 months, ask the Producer if any cause
for the abortion was determined or suspected and, if yes, did a veterinarian or
laboratory make the diagnosis. If Item E6h “Other” is selected, specify the suspected
cause of the abortion.
What if…
They had abortions due to Toxoplasmosis diagnosed by a veterinarian last year so
they suspect that this year’s abortions were due to Toxoplasmosis as well?
Answer: Select “Yes” for item E6d for abortions suspected to be caused by
Toxoplasmosis and select “No” for the second column, diagnosed by a vet or lab.
Section 4 Page 65
Item E7(a-e): Disease occurrence in goat herd
Determine if the herd had any problems with the disease conditions listed in the last 3
years. For “Yes” responses, determine if the disease was diagnosed by a veterinarian
or by laboratory test. The 2nd column is answered “No” if it was Producer diagnosed.
What if…
The herd has an ongoing problem with CAE that was diagnosed by 5 years ago?
Answer: Since the problem has been ongoing for 5 years, then the first column is
checked Yes for CAE and you would check diagnosed by the vet in the second
column.
[If Item E7e = No, Skip to Item E10]
Item E8: Number of goats and kids with sore mouth
Record the number of goats which had sore mouth (Orf) in 2019. Include both
suspected and confirmed cases. (See sore mouth definition in Section B).
[If Item E8 = 0 or DK, Skip to Item E10]
Item E9: Number of goats and kids with sore mouth that died
Record the number of goats which had sore mouth in 2019 and died. Include goats
that died due to causes related to sore mouth, such as anorexia and starvation. The
number should be less than or equal to the total for Item E8.
Item E10(a-b): Producer and employee infection with Q fever or sore mouth
Check “Yes” or “No” to indicate whether the Producer thinks he or she has ever been
infected with Coxiella burnetii (which causes Q fever) for Item E10a or with the Orf
virus (which causes sore mouth, or contagious ecthyma) for Item E10b. If the
Producer thinks he or she has been infected with either of the two diseases, ask if it
was diagnosed by a doctor and check the appropriate box, accordingly.
Clinical signs of sore mouth: Lesions confined to the epidermis of the skin on
fingers, hands, or forearms. Lesions begin as small papules but then become
ulcerative. Size of lesions typically range from 2-3 cm, may be painful or associated
with regional lymphadenopathy. Refer to the Orf Information Sheet included in the
Producer packet for more detailed information on human infections.
Clinical signs of Q fever: High fever, fatigue, chills or sweats, headache, muscle
aches, cough, nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea, and chest pain. The symptoms of Q
fever can be subtle. A person may not have all possible symptoms.
Item E11: Goats given injections
Indicate whether any goats on the operation were given any injection in 2019.
[If Item E11 = No, Skip to Item E14]
Section 4 Page 66
Item E12: Needle use for goats given injections
Indicate whether a new needle was typically used for every goat injected.
[If Item E12 = Yes, Skip to Item E14]
Item E13: Chemical disinfection of needles
Indicate whether the needles used for goat injections were disinfected between goats.
The use of a chemical solution includes betadine, nolvasan, or bleach to kill diseasecausing organisms.
What if…
They chemically disinfect when giving IM injections, but not when giving SQ
injections?
Answer: Mark “No” we want to know if it is a general practice to chemically disinfect
between injections.
What if…
They try to always chemically disinfect, but sometimes they miss one or two?
Answer: Mark “Yes” we want to know if it is a general practice to chemically disinfect
between injections.
Item E14: Equipment shared with other livestock owners
Indicate whether the operation shared any equipment with other livestock owners.
Include any farm equipment like tractors, feeding equipment, manure spreaders,
trailers, clippers, hoof trimmers, or dehorners.
[If Item E14 = No, Skip to Section F]
Item E15: Cleaning of shared equipment
Indicate “Yes” or “No” if the shared equipment was cleaned prior to use on another
operation. If yes, select the best answer that describes the operation’s cleaning
procedures for shared equipment. If “Other” is selected, specify the operation’s
cleaning procedure for the shared equipment. Select only one response.
Section 4 Page 67
SECTION F: ANTIMICROBIAL USE IN FEED AND WATER
The questions in this section refer to all kids and adult goats. Feed includes milk, milk
replacer and starter.
Note: The reference period for this section is September 1, 2018 through August 31,
2019.
The following definitions may be useful when completing this section of the
questionnaire:
Coccidiostat: Coccidiostats are any of a group of chemical agents mixed in feed or
drinking water to control parasitic coccidiosis in animals. Coccidiostats inhibit the
growth but does not kill the coccidia (Eimeria spp).
Ionophore: An antibiotic for disease prevention or growth promotion. Ionophores are
unique antibiotics that are particularly successful at targeting protozoan lifecycles and
inhibiting growth. Their use is confined to production animals and are primarily used to
control coccidiosis in animals.
Item F1: Use of coccidiostat in feed or water
Check “Yes” if a coccidiostat was used in either feed or water for any goat class
between September 1, 2018 and August 31, 2019.
[If Item F1 = No, Skip to Item F3]
Item F2(a-d): Specific coccidiostat products used in feed or water
Check “Yes” or “No” if any of the listed coccidiostats were used in feed (column 1) or
water (column 2) in 2019. If Item F2d (sulfa drugs) = Yes, record the number of
goats, kids and adults separately, that were treated and the average number of days
they were treated for coccidiosis. If “Other” is selected, be specific in recording the
product used for both feed and water.
Ionophores and Deconquinate are coccidiostats which are not formulated for use in
water. There should be no answers for these two products in the second column.
Item F3: Use of ionophores as growth promotants in feed
Check “Yes” or “No” for whether the operation used any ionophores as a growth
promotant in feed between September 1, 2018 and August 31, 2019.
Item F4: Use of any antibiotics in drinking water as disease preventive
Check “Yes” or “No” for whether the operation used any antibiotics in water to
prevent, control or treat a disease or disorder (other than coccidiosis) in 2019.
[If Item F4 = No, Skip to Item F6]
For Items F5 and F7 below, use the antibiotic code on page 1 of the Antibiotic
Reference Card stapled to the end of the questionnaire and in the Reference Card
section of this training manual. If “Other” is selected, provide the specific trade name
and antibiotic class for the drug that was used.
Section 4 Page 68
Item F5: Use of antibiotics in drinking water as disease preventive
Record in the table, for both kids and adults separately, information on use of
antibiotics in drinking water to prevent, control, or treat a disease or disorder (other
than coccidiosis). If the operation did not provide antibiotics in the water to kids or
adults, skip the corresponding section of the table and complete the section for the
age group present on the operation. Indicate the reason(s) for administering the
antibiotic in the water in the second column. Then record the antibiotic code, number
of animals treated, and average number of days the treatment was given for each
respective disease. The codes for the antibiotics can be found on the Antibiotic
Reference Card which will be stapled to the back of the questionnaire and is located
in the Reference Card section of this training manual.
In columns 3-5 the first row should be used if Respiratory Disease is checked “Yes.”
The second row should be used if Digestive disease is checked “Yes.” Do not
include parasitic diseases, such as coccidiosis. The third row third row should be
used only if “Other” is checked “Yes” and a specific reason is given. For example, if
the Producer treated a group of goats for foot rot, or joint ill, this should be included in
the “Other” row.
Item F6: Use of any antibiotics in feed as disease preventive
Check “Yes” or “No” for whether the operation used any antibiotics in feed to
prevent, control or treat a disease or disorder (other than coccidiosis) in 2019.
[If Item F6 = No, Skip to Section G]
Item F7: Use of antibiotics in feed as disease preventive
Follow the instructions written for Item F5 but answer only for antibiotics used in
feed to prevent, control or treat a disease or disorder (other than coccidiosis). If
“Other” is selected, please specify the reason. For example, if the Producer treated a
group of goats for foot rot, or joint ill, this should be included in the “Other” row.
Use the Antibiotic Reference Card that is stapled to the back of the questionnaire and
located in the Reference Card section of this training manual to find the antibiotic
codes.
Section 4 Page 69
SECTION G: HEALTH CONDITIONS AND LOSSES
The following definitions may be useful when completing this section of the
questionnaire:
Antibiotic: These pages also contain questions about the number of goats that
received an antibiotic for a condition at least once during the previous 12 months. An
antibiotic is a drug used to treat bacterial infection. It can be given by multiple
methods, including feed, water, oral bolus (directly into the mouth), intramammary, or
topically in the uterus or eye, or injected into a muscle or vein. These questions refer
to ALL antibiotic usage except for use in feed or water.
Preweaned kid: A kid still nursing a doe or otherwise consuming milk.
Weaned kid: A kid that is no longer nursing a doe or otherwise drinking milk.
Wether: A castrated male goat.
Item G1(a-e): Number of goats which were lost, stolen, died or euthanized from all
causes
Record the total number of animals which were lost, stolen, died or euthanized from
all causes between September 1, 2018 and August 31, 2019. In the first column,
record the total number of losses for each goat class, then sum them for Item G1e.
Exclude kids born dead and slaughtered/marketed goats. If the total for each goat
class is greater than zero, complete the remaining columns. Divide the total from
column 1 into three primary cause categories: lost/stolen, predator, and nonpredator.
Record the total number of animals that were lost by each cause and sum them in the
last row for Item G1e. Predator losses include dog attacks, coyotes and other wildlife.
Item G2: Number of goats dead from nonpredator causes necropsied
Record the number on animals which died of all nonpredator causes and were
necropsied to determine the cause of death. If there are no nonpredator losses, write
in “NA.”
Section 4 Page 70
Note: The remainder of this section asks about health conditions among goat classes. It is
possible for a single goat to have had more than one condition, such as diarrhea and
abortion. Even if a goat died having experienced two or more conditions during the
previous 12 months, the death or removal (culled) should be listed as due to a single
primary cause.
Each goat class has a table of health conditions associated. Indicate the total number of
animals that experienced each condition in column 2. Use the values in column 2 as the total
for the row and ensure the numbers entered into columns 3, 5, and 6 are less than or equal
to the value in column 2.
The number of animals entered in column 5 should not exceed the inventory number
that died, reported in Item G1. Ensure that these numbers are less than or equal to the
number reported for the corresponding goat class in Item G1(a-d) for “Total Head.”
For column 4 use the antibiotic codes on page 2 of the Antibiotic Reference Card that
is stapled to the back of the questionnaire and can be found in the Reference Card section of
this training manual. If “Other” is selected, provide the specific trade name and antibiotic
class of the drug that was used.
Items G3-G10: Health conditions and antibiotic
Complete the tables for each goat class for which the Producer has on the operation.
Skip any classes that were not present on the operation between September 1, 2018
and August 31, 2019.
In the column 2 header in these tables, provide the total number of different
animals affected by all listed conditions. In Col 3 header, provide the total
number of different animals treated with Ab for listed conditions.
For example in G4, if Kid A had both scours and lameness, and Kid B had scours.
The total number of kids affected with all listed conditions would be 2. You should
FILL IN the actual column header with ‘2’. In G4a, Col2, you should fill in ‘2’, and in
G4f, you should fill in ‘1’. If no antibiotics were given to Kid B, but Kid A was treated
for scours, and also for lameness, you should fill in Col3 header with ‘1’.
Item G3: Preweaned kids
[If Item G3 = No, skip to Item G5]
Section 4 Page 71
Item G4: Preweaned kids table
[If Item G3 = “Yes,” complete the table for preweaned kids.]
Note for Line G4c:
Perinatal refers to the period of 2-4 weeks before and after parturition. Kids that
experienced perinatal conditions are likely to demise within 3 days or less following
delivery. Neonatal weakness can be considered a primary factor in perinatal
conditions for preweaned kids. This would include kids that initially thrive but then
become weak. Symptoms that commonly accompany a ‘failure to thrive’ kid include
non-responsiveness, abdominal distention and acidemia. Reproductive disorders
related to the dam could also be included in this category, such as dystocia leading to
nerve damage or respiratory distress of the kid.
What if…
63 kids were affected with respiratory problems, 22 were treated with antibiotics, and
the rest treated with an herbal rub?
Answer: This question is asking for antibiotics only. Include all 63 as affected, but
enter only the 22 as treated in the chart.
What if…
All had diarrhea and the antibiotics were put in feed?
Answer: Enter the total number of animals affected with diarrhea, but the number
treated with an antibiotic is “0.” Make sure these were counted in the antibiotics in
feed category (Section F).
What if…
A kid had scours when it was 3 days old, then developed lameness at 2 weeks of age,
received antibiotics at both times, and was euthanized at 3 weeks of age due to joint
infection?
Answer: Account for this kid in column 2 and 3 of the table in Line A and Line F, fill out
column 4 for both Line A and Line F, but only account for this kid in column 5 in Line
F.
What if…
What if…a goat had scours twice in the year and was treated once?
Answer: Count the goat once in Col 2, and once in Col 3.
Item G5: Weaned kids
[If Item G5 = No, Skip to Item G7]
Section 4 Page 72
Item G6: Weaned kids table
[If Item G5 = “Yes,” complete the table for weaned kids]
What if…
A kid was born on September 1, 2018 and weaned on December 1, 2018?
Answer: Count this kid in both the preweaned and weaned categories, i.e. this kid
would be accounted for in G3 and G5. If the kid had a health condition as a
preweaned and/or weaned kid, account for this in the appropriate table.
Item G7: Adult does
[If Item G7 = “No,” Skip to Item G9]
Item G8: Adult does table
[If Item G7 = “Yes,” complete the table for adult does]
What if…
A doe experienced dystocia and this also resulted in a perinatal health condition of the
kid?
Answer: Account for the doe in the doe table on Line G and account for the
preweaned kid in the preweaned kid table on Line C.
Item G9: Adult bucks/wethers
[If Item G9 = No, Skip to Section H]
Item G10: Adult bucks/wethers table
[If Item G9 = “Yes,” complete the table for adult does.]
What if…
A buck was castrated on January 1, 2019?
Answer: Only count this animal once in Item G10.
Section 4 Page 73
DAIRY OPERATION QUESTIONNARIE GUIDE
INITIAL INFORMATION
This part of questionnaire is only to be completed by operations that milked goats in the
previous 12 months and had at least 5 adult dairy goats (does > 1 year of age) on the
operation on September 1, 2019. It includes questions about milk quality and milking
procedures, personnel, drug use and residues, disease, health, death, and permanent
removals.
All questions refer to the previous 12 months of operation, unless otherwise indicated. To be
consistent for inventory numbers, ask the Producer to share numbers from the period
between September 1, 2018 and August 31, 2019.
Note: All questions, except where noted, refer to the goat operation on site.
SECTION H: DAIRY INVENTORY
The following definition may be helpful in completing this section of the questionnaire:
Dry doe: An adult doe that has had a least one kid and is not lactating.
Note: For all questions in this section record “0” for any categories for which the Producer did
not have animals. There should be no blank responses for the number of head for any
question.
Item H1: Milking does
Select “Yes” or “No” to establish whether the operation milked any does in the
previous 12 months. If no does were milked, do not complete the Dairy
Questionnaire.
[If Item H1 = No, Skip to Section O of VS Visit Questionnaire]
Item H2: Dairy Inventory
Record the number of adult does (greater than 1 year of age), including those dry and
in milk, that were present on the operation on September 1, 2019.
[If Item H2 < 5 head, Skip to Section O of VS Visit Questionnaire]
Item H3: Does milked
Record the number of does that were milked on the operation on September 1, 2019.
This question is asking for a snapshot of data, to establish on an average day, how
many does were milked. Confirm with the Producer by asking how many does will go
through the parlor on the day of the interview and ask if there have been any changes
in the system. If there are records from September 1, 2019, use those to answer this
question.
Section 4 Page 74
Item H4: Dry does
Record the number of dry does present on the operation on September 1, 2019. You
can calculate this number by subtracting the answer for Item H3 (does milked) from
the answer for Item H2 (adult does).
Item H5: First-lactation does
Record the number of first-lactation does born on this operation and were added to
the milking herd between September 1, 2018 and August 31, 2019. Include does that
were born on the operations and raised off site.
Item H6: Purchased does
Record the number of purchased or leased does from other operations that were
added to the milking herd between September 1, 2018 and August 31, 2019.
Item H7: Adult does removed
Record the number of adult does (>1 year old) that were permanently removed
(culled) from the milking herd between September 1, 2018 and August 31, 2019. Do
not include does which died on the operation.
Item H8: Does died
Record the number of milking does which died between September 1, 2018 and
August 31, 2019.
Item H9: Peak inventory
Record the highest number of goats milked on the operation at any time point
between September 1, 2018 and August 31, 2019.
Item H10: Weighing milk
Select the frequency that best matches how often the milk produced on the operation
is weighed
[If “Never” is checked or if milk is not weighed throughout entire lactation, Skip
to Section I.]
What if…
The milk was weighed weekly?
Answer: Check “Monthly.”
Item H11: Average milk production
To answer this question, either use the Producer’s records or calculate the answer
from the weight of the milk. Answer only in one form, either annual milk production per
doe or pounds per doe per day. Calculate the total weight of milk produced either in
one calendar year or in one day, then divide by the number of does milked on the
operation (answer for Item H3). If the production is recorded in gallons per doe,
multiply the gallons by 8.6 to convert to pounds.
Section 4 Page 75
SECTION I: GENERAL MANAGEMENT
The following definitions may be helpful in completing this section of the
questionnaire:
Certified organic milk: An official label for dairy products which indicates a product
that is produced under requirements set by USDA. The label implies specific
regulations of feed and treatment protocols used for organic livestock as well as land
management, pasture requirements and housing.
Milking string: A group of animals that are being milked regularly.
Item I1: Registered dairy goats
Record the percentage of all does on the operation that are registered with a breed
association as of September 1, 2019. If no animals are registered, enter “0.”
Item I2: Certified organic milk
Select “Yes” or “No” for whether the operation produced any certified organic dairy
milk between September 1, 2018 and August 31, 2019.
Item I3: Dairy cows
Select “Yes” or “No” for whether the operation milked any dairy cows between
September 1, 2018 and August 31, 2019.
Item I4: Days post kidding
Record the average number of days between kidding and entry into the milking string
for the dairy does on the operation. Use records or the Producer’s best judgment to
identify the average number of days. Do not leave blank; if the Producer does not
have any estimate, enter “DK.”
Item I5: Length of lactation
Record the average number of days for a typical lactation for dairy goats on this
operation. We want to know the duration of a typical lactation for this operation. Use
records or the Producer’s best judgment to identify the average number of days. Do
not leave blank; if the Producer does not have any estimate, enter “DK.”
Item I6: Maximum length of lactation
Record the longest lactation period for any one doe on the operation that completed
her lactation (was dried off) in the last 12 months. Use records or the Producer’s best
judgment to identify the average number of days. Do not leave blank; if the Producer
does not have any estimate, enter “DK.”
What if…
The longest lactating doe started her lactation in March 2018 and she finished on
October 15, 2019?
Answer: Include the length of her lactation period, even if greater than 365 days as
long as it has been completed by the date of the interview.
Section 4 Page 76
Item I7: Average days dry
Record the average number of days that does are dry between lactation periods. Use
records or the Producer’s best judgment to identify the average number of days. Do
not leave blank; if the Producer does not have any estimate, enter “DK.”
Section 4 Page 77
SECTION J: KIDDING MANAGEMENT
The following definitions may be helpful in completing this section of the
questionnaire:
Colostrometer: A hydrometer that uses the correlation between colostrum density
and IgG concentration to provide a measure of colostrum quality. It has a scale on it
that will relate the colostrum density to the IgG concentration and gives you an exact
value.
Brix refractometer: Used to evaluate milk being fed to kids to ensure consistent
quality. The Brix refractometer measures the amount of sugar which helps estimate
the total solids in milk.
Item J1: Kidding interval
Record the average time from one kidding to the next kidding for the does on the
operation. Use records or the Producer’s best judgment to identify the average
number of months. Do not leave blank; if the Producer does not have any estimate,
enter “DK.”
Item J2: Age of does at first kidding
Record the average age of dairy does at the time of first kidding. Use records or the
Producer’s best judgment to identify the average age. Do not leave blank; if the
Producer does not have any estimate, enter “DK.”
Item J3(a-e): Colostrum quality
Select “Yes” or “No” whether each of the methods listed were used to evaluate
colostrum quality from the does on the operation. If “Other” is selected, be specific
and concise to describe which alternative method was employed.
Section 4 Page 78
Item J4: Kid feeding protocol
Please note: milk refers to both goat milk and any milk replacer products.
Record the amount of milk and frequency at which milk was offered to kids for each of
the first four weeks of life. If the kids were left with the dam for one or more weeks
following kidding, check the box for the appropriate weeks. If kids were typically
removed from dams and hand-fed milk (bottle, bucket, or group feeder), record the
number of ounces each received per feeding and the number of feedings given per
day for each week of life. If the kids were left with dams, you do not need to report
frequency of feedings.
What if…
Kids typically nursed for over a month and were not hand fed?
Answer: Check “Left with dam” for each of the 4 weeks. Don’t enter anything in the
“Frequency” column.
What if…
A producer does a combination of allowing kids to nurse and handfeeding?
Answer: Check “Left with dam” AND fill in the “oz” fed, and the “Frequency” column.
Then provide an explanation in the margins.
Section 4 Page 79
SECTION K: MILK MARKETING
The following definitions may be helpful in completing this section of the
questionnaire:
Dairy Herd Improvement Association: A national association that helps dairy
producers create and manage records and data about their goats for use in making
management decisions.
Quality assurance program: A dairy quality assurance program plays a critical role
in production of high quality milk. An organized program can help dairy producers
manage their operations in ways that will ensure quality milk as well as produce other
products that will meet consumer expectations.
Pasteurization: A process, named after scientist Louis Pasteur, that applies heat to
destroy pathogens in foods. For the dairy industry, the terms "pasteurization,"
"pasteurized" and similar terms mean the process of heating every particle of milk or
milk product, in properly designed and operated equipment, to a specific temperature
and held continuously at or above that temperature for at least the corresponding
specified time. The most common method of pasteurization in the United States today
is High Temperature Short Time (HTST) pasteurization, which uses metal plates and
hot water to raise milk temperatures to at least 161° F for not less than 15 seconds,
followed by rapid cooling.
Item K1(a-g): Outcomes for produced milk
The milk produced on the operation may be used for a variety of purposes to support
the operation or to market a product. Record the percentage of milk from the overall
yield from the previous year that was used for each listed outcomes. Ensure that the
total of all percentages sums to 100%. Some items may have 0%; do not leave any
items blank.
[If Item K1g = 0, Skip to Item K3]
Item K2(a-e): Liquid milk sold, traded or given away
For this question, consider only the milk recorded in Item K1g above. Record the
percentage of all milk sold, traded, or given away that was intended for each listed
purpose. Ensure that all recorded values for milk sum to 100%. Some items may have
0%; do not leave any items blank.
Section 4 Page 80
Item K3(a-e): Goat milk and products sold
This question has two columns, one for milk and one for milk products. Even if the
Producer does not sell, trade, or give away any milk, move to column 2 and ask if the
producer sells, trades, or gives away any other milk products. Select “Yes” or “No” for
both “Milk” and “Cheese or other milk products” whether these products were sold,
traded, or given away. Generally, any product leaving the operation permanently
should be considered “Yes” for this question.
[If K1g=0, then mark “No” in the milk column and ask if cheese or other milk
products were sold, traded, or given away.]
[If K3e “Other” is selected “Yes” for either column, specify how the products
were sold, traded or given away.]
[If Item K3 Milk and Cheese and Other Products column BOTH equal “No,” Skip
to Item K5.]
Item K4(a-e): Goat milk premium
Indicate “Yes” or “No” whether buyers of either goat milk or goat milk products were
willing to spend a premium for the guarantees listed. A premium is a price to pay
above market price to receive a product that has a higher standard in some aspect. If
4e “Other” is selected “Yes,” specify what the buyer paid a premium for.
Item K5: On-farm pasteurization
Select “Yes” or “No” to indicate whether the operation performed on-farm
pasteurization for products intended for human consumption prior to marketing or
selling to buyers. Pasteurization for human consumption must follow the Pasteurized
Milk Ordinance (PMO) time and temperature guidelines to guarantee destruction of
certain microorganisms.
Item K6: Raw milk products
Select “Yes” or “No” to indicate whether the operation marketed any raw goat milk or
raw goat milk products for human consumption. Raw means the products were
not pasteurized and did not meet PMO requirements prior to marketing or selling to
buyers. This includes doe shares (e.g., in those States where it is legal to buy a share
of a doe and thus allowing access to raw milk from that doe) or direct purchase of fluid
milk (e.g., in those States where sales of raw fluid milk is legal).
What if…
An operation says they do sell raw milk or milk products, but they are in a state where
it is illegal to do so?
Answer: Write down the producer’s response as reported. NAHMS reports are
summarized to the regional level.
Item K7: Operation participation in quality programs
Select “Yes” or “No” to indicate whether the operation participated in a Dairy Herd
Improvement Association program or a Quality assurance program for milk quality.
Section 4 Page 81
SECTION L: MILKING PROCEDURES
Item L1: Method of milking
Select the one method by which the majority of the time does are milked on the
operation. A machine—pipeline refers to both a portable milker with a pipeline and a
stationary milker in a parlor.
[If Item L1 = 1 or 2, SKIP to Item L3.]
Item L2: Milking parlor
Select the best description of the parlor system used on the operation. If “Other” is
selected, specify the description of the primary milking parlor on the operation.
Item L3: Frequency of daily milking
Select the number of times most does are usually milked each day on the operation.
Item L4: Personnel milking
Select the single group that best describes the individual(s) who milked the does the
majority of the time. If “Other” is selected, specify who milked the does the majority of
the time.
What if…
Most of the milking is done by a hired worker who is also a family member?
Answer: Select box 2 ‘family member(s)’. All family members of the owner/operator
belong in this category, whether paid or unpaid.
Item L5: Use of disposable gloves
Select the choice that best describes the frequency at which milkers wore disposable
gloves while milking does.
What if…
The milkers usually wear gloves when milking all does but have run out and are
currently not wearing them?
Answer: If the operation’s usual practice is to wear gloves for all does, then select
‘always’. If the operation’s usual practice is to wear gloves for some does, such as
those with mastitis, then select ‘sometimes’.
What if…
One milker chooses to wear gloves but the other milkers do not and the operation
does not require gloves?
Answer: Select ‘sometimes’ one milker chooses to wear gloves.
Section 4 Page 82
Item L6: Training milkers
Select the choice that best describes the time intervals at which milkers are trained on
milking procedures specific to the operation.
Item L7: Clipping udders
Select “Yes” or “No” to indicate whether the operation either clips or singes hair on
udders prior to milking. Singeing hairs is used on some operations to avoid the
irritation of clippers and is a quick way to remove hair with a low heat flame.
Item L8(a-c): Forestripping
To forestrip is to pull 2-3 streams of foremilk from each quarter of the udder. This
stimulates the doe to let the milk down and removes residual bacteria. Using the
codes provided above for Item L8, indicate the frequency of forestripping for fresh
does, does with mastitis, and all other does. If Code 4 “Other” is used, specify this
operation’s use of forestripping.
What if…
They usually forestrip but every now and then don’t because of time constraints?
Answer: Enter the code that best corresponds to the operation’s usual practice.
[If Items L8a, L8b, and L8c are ALL = 5, Skip to Item L10]
Item L9: Forestripping order
Select the single choice that describes the order in which forestripping was performed
in regards to teat washing. Teat washing refers to use of a teat wipe or a process
involving water with or without a disinfectant solution, as listed in Item L10.
[If Item L9 = 3 (no teat washing), Skip to Item L11]
Item L10: Teat washing
Select the single choice that best describes the method used for teat washing, if it
was done for regular milkings, on the operation. If “Other is selected, specify the
method used for teat washing prior to milking.
Item L11: Teat drying
Select the single choice that best describes the method used for teat drying, if it was
done prior to milking, on the operation. If “Other” is selected, specify how teats were
usually dried prior to milking.
Item L12: Pre-dipping teats
Select “Yes” or “No” to indicate whether the operation typically pre-dipped teats in a
disinfecting solution (such as betadine or iodine) prior to milking.
Item L13: Post-milk teat disinfection procedure
Post-dipping is typically done to prevent mastitis from ascending infection of the teat
and udder. Select the single best choice to describe the primary method used to
disinfect teats after milking. If “Other” is selected, specify the primary method used to
disinfect teats after milking.
Section 4 Page 83
Item L14: Order of milking goats
Select the single best choice to describe the primary order in which goats are milked,
if there is a system in place to milk them in a given order. If no specific order is used,
select the box for Item L14-1. If “Other” is selected, specify the primary order in which
goats are milked.
Section 4 Page 84
SECTION M: MILK QUALITY
Item M1: Somatic cell count practices
Somatic cell count is an indication of milk quality and udder health. Counts are
reported in thousands of cells per milliliter. Select “Yes” or “No” to indicate whether
the operation routinely performed somatic cell count testing on the milk produced from
the operation.
[If Item M1 = No, Skip to Item M3]
Item M2: Somatic cell count
Record the average SCC for the operation from records over the past 12 months. The
units used should be thousands of cells/mL. The threshold for acceptable SCC in
goats is <1.5 million cells/mL.
Item M3: Antibiotic residues
Select “Yes” if this operation tested ANY milk on-farm for antibiotic residues in the
previous 12 months. .
[If Item M3 = No or NA, Skip to Item M6]
Item M4: Use of antibiotic residue testing kit
Select the single item listed that represents the antibiotic residue testing kit used on
the operation. If “Other” is selected, be specific with name and brand of the testing kit
used.
Item M5(a-e): Source of samples for antibiotic residue testing
Select “Yes” for all sources listed where sampling was conducted to perform antibiotic
residue testing. Select “No” or “NA” where sampling was not done or did not apply to
the operation. If 5e “Other” is selected “Yes,” specify the source from which samples
were tested for antibiotic residue.
Item M6: Milk culturing
Select “Yes” or “No” to indicate whether any culturing of milk was done on milk
produced on the operation.
[If Item M6 = No, Skip to Item M11]
Item M7(a-c): Sources for milk cultures
Select “Yes” or “No” to indicate whether the operation performed milk cultures on milk
from each of the listed sources.
[If Item M7a = No, Skip to Item M9]
Item M8(a-f): Does selected for milk culturing
If milk from individual does was used for culturing, select the appropriate response to
indicate which subset of does were used. More than one item may be checked “Yes.”
If 8f “Other” is selected “Yes,” specify the other type of does that were typically
selected for milking culture. Fresh does are does that have kidded in the past 2
weeks. High somatic cell count does may also be referred to as does with subclinical
mastitis.
Section 4 Page 85
Item M9(a-d): Personnel performing milk culturing
Select “Yes” for all of the groups listed that performed milk culturing during the
previous 12 months. Select “No” for groups that did not perform any milk cultures from
samples on the operation. This question applies to cultures performed on individual
does, bulk-tank milk, or string samples.
Item M10(a-h): Organisms identified in milk culturing
Indicate whether any of the listed organisms were identified in any of the cultured milk
samples (i.e. bulk tank, string, group, pen, or individual composite or mammary gland
sample). Please utilize records and reports that the Producer is willing to share to help
reduce recall bias and ensure the accuracy of reporting. Select “Yes” for all organisms
that were reported from any milk cultures. Select “No” for organisms that were not
identified, but evaluated for. Select “DK” if the producer doesn’t know and was unable
to locate records or the culture methods used would be unexpected to yield isolates of
the specific organism.
For example, some labs may not include culturing for one or more of the organisms
listed. If these organisms were not tested for, it cannot be said that the organism was
not present in the milk, in which case, please select “DK” for these situations as well.
Item M11: Milking goats with mastitis
Select the single best response that matches the Producer’s primary method of
milking goats with mastitis. If “Other” is selected, specify the Producer’s primary
method of milking goats with mastitis.
[If Item M11 = 1 (no known mastitic does), Skip to Section N]
Item M12(a-i): Mastitis treatment and management
Items M12a-12e refer to treatment protocols while Items M12f-12i refer to
management protocols for goats with mastitis. Indicate which of the listed actions
were taken for the majority of or all goats with mastitis in the previous 12 months. If
12a is selected “Yes,” record the number of does treated with intramammary
(IMM) antibiotics in 12ai. If “Other” is selected “Yes,” specify the treatment or
management protocols used.
[If Item M12a = No (no IMM antibiotics used), Skip to Section N]
Item M13(a-e): Treatment with intramammary (IMM) antibiotics
Select each listed reason which corresponds with the Producer’s reasoning for
treating mastitis with IMM antibiotics. Select all reasons which apply to the operation’s
practices. If 13e “Other” is selected “Yes,” specify the reasons for treating mastitis
with IMM antibiotics.
Item M14(a-i): Intramammary antibiotic drugs used
This question refers to does that received IMM antibiotics in question M12ai. For each
of the listed drug names, indicate the percentage of mastitic goats given the drug and
the withdrawal time (in days) used for each corresponding drug. Refer to the
Producer’s records or have them show you the drug labels on hand that are used for
mastitis cases. Ensure the total of all percentages is equal to or greater than 100%.
Some does may be treated with more than one drug, so we expect that some of the
Section 4 Page 86
responses may exceed 100%. If 14i “Other” IMM antibiotics where used, specify the
full name of the product.
Item M15: Administration method for IMM antibiotics
Select the best answer for the method of which the Producer used IMM antibiotics in
mastitic goats. If “Other” is selected, specify how IMM antibiotics are typically
administered to mastitic does.
Section 4 Page 87
SECTION N: DRY DOE PROCEDURES
Item N1(a-d): Protocols for dry does
Record the percentage of does that were “dried off” due to the listed reasons. Indicate
a single primary reason for “drying off” for each individual, so the sum of responses
should equal 100%. Enter a percentage value for every line, even if the value is “0.”
This ensures that no data is missed. If 1d “Other reason” is greater than 0, specify the
reason the does were dried off.
Item N2(a-c): Method of drying off does
Record the percentage of does that were “dried off” using the listed methods. Indicate
a single primary method of “drying off” for each individual, so the sum of responses
should equal 100%. Enter a percentage value for every line, even if the value is “0.”
This ensures that no data is missed. If 2c “Other” is greater than 0, specify the method
the does were dried off.
Item N3(a-d): Management practices at dry off
Select “Yes” or “No” for each of the listed management practices to indicate whether
they were used in the process of drying off does in the previous 12 months.
Item N4: IMM antibiotic use in dry does
Select “Yes” or “No” to indicate whether the operation typically used IMM antibiotics in
the process of drying off any does.
[If Item N4 = No, Skip to Item N8]
Item N5: Percentage of dry does treated with IMM antibiotics
Record the percentage of all dry does that were treated with IMM antibiotics at the
time of drying off.
[If Item N5 = 100%, Skip to Item N7]
Item N6(a-e): Reason for IMM antibiotics at dry off
Select “Yes” or “No” for each reason listed to indicate how the Producer determined
which does to administer IMM antibiotics to during dry off period. If 6e “Other” is
selected “Yes,” specify the alternate reason IMM antibiotics were given to does at dry
off.
Item N7(a-i): Specific IMM antibiotic drugs at dry off
For each of the listed IMM drugs, indicate both the percentage of dry does that
received the drug and the withdrawal time used for each corresponding drug. Some
does may receive more than one drug at dry off, so the total may be equal to or
greater than 100%. If 7i “Other” percentage is greater than 0, specify the IMM
antibiotics used for dry does. Do not include does given IMM antibiotics only while
in milk or does that did not receive IMM antibiotics at dry off
Item N8: Teat sealant use
Select “Yes” or “No” to indicate whether the Producer employed teat sealants at dry
off for any does.
Section 4 Page 88
SECTION O: FOR OFFICE USE ONLY
Section O is the conclusion of the interview. The purpose of this section is to provide NAHMS
with information about the time and people spent completing the study. Additionally, this
section provides a bit more information regarding data quality, which is taken into
consideration when entering the data.
Top Box: Operation Information
In the box at the top of the Office Use Only Section enter the State FIPS ID, the
operation number, your initials, and the date the interview was completed.
Item O1: Total Interview Time
Enter the total time it took to complete the interview. Be sure to include the time it took
to discuss the program and complete the questionnaire. If more than one data
collector was present, such as a VMO and AHT, enter the time combined for both
people.
Item O2: Total Trip Time
Record the total round trip travel time for all data collectors present at the visit.
Item O3: Number and Type of Data Collectors
Enter the number of each type of data collector present for the interview. If an “Other”
type of person was present, please specify that person’s title.
Item O4: Questionnaire Status
Enter the response code that best describes the status of the questionnaire for this
operation. If the operation completed the questionnaire enter ‘99’. If the operation did
not complete the questionnaire, choose the response code that best fits the
Producer’s reason for not completing the questionnaire. If the operation was not
eligible to complete the questionnaire enter response code ’06’.
Item O5: Plans to Complete Biologics Testing
Indicate if the Producer plans to complete biologics testing for each of the tests listed.
This is for planning purposes only. The Producer can decline at a later date if he/she
changes their mind.
Item O6: Respondent’s Position
Select the code that best describes the respondent’s position with the operation. If
‘Other’ is selected, please succinctly describe that person’s role on the operation.
Item O7: Data Quality
Select the option that best described the data quality of this questionnaire. If a large
majority of the data is missing or large sections were skipped and records were not
consulted, then data quality should be considered poor. If the whole questionnaire
was completed and records were consulted, then data quality should be considered
good to excellent.
Item O8: Use of Records
Mark “yes” or “no” to indicate if the Producer consulted any written or computerized
records while answering this survey.
Section 4 Page 89
Comments
Please use this section to provide any more insight that you believe will be valuable
for NAHMS when reviewing the questionnaire.
Signature
Please sign that you have reviewed and completed this questionnaire.
Section 4 Page 90
ON-SITE AGRITOURISM QUESTIONNAIRE GUIDE
INITIAL INFORMATION
This questionnaire is only to be completed by operations for which the general public
(visitors) had access to areas or facilities on the operation that house or contain animals,
feed, manure, or farm equipment.
As with the previous questionnaire, read all questions to the Producer and follow instructions
carefully. Please do not leave any questions blank unless instructed to skip.
NOTE: If the response is zero (0), enter the number 0; do not leave the response blank.
If the Producer does not know, work with him or her to try to estimate the answer. If the
Producer does not have an answer, use DK for Don’t Know or NA for Not Applicable to
indicate why the question was not answered. Please write in the margins to explain unusual
circumstances or answers.
Explain to the Producer, again, that their responses are confidential, and that we recognize
the importance of agritourism for many farms. The purpose of this questionnaire is to better
understand the extent of agritourism in the U.S. and the precautions goat operations take to
ensure they have reduced the risks posed by inviting the public onto their farm. It is possible
that by answering these questions, Producers will identify areas where they can reduce their
risks.
Do not hesitate to write comments directly on the questionnaire. We would rather have a
lengthy explanation for a complex or unusual answer than no explanation at all. If
explanations are lacking, we might have to ask your Coordinator to ask you to explain the
answer or to call the Producer, delaying data entry.
The questions typically refer to management practices that have been used in the 12 months
prior to the interview.
Section 4 Page 91
Farm ID (6 digits): State FIPS code followed by operation number
State FIPS
Enter the 2-digit FIPS code for the State: AL-01, AK-02, CA-06, CO-08, CT-09,
FL-12, GA-13, IN-18, IA-19, KY-21, MI-26, MN-27, MO-29, NY-36, NC-37, OH-39,
OK-40, OR-41, PA-42, TN-47, TX-48, VT-50, VA-51, WA-53, WI-55.
Operation Number
4 digit number: ID number assigned by NASS
The 6-digit combination of the State FIPS Code and Operation numbers is
referred to as the Farm ID or NAHMS ID. For example, 02 0123 would be a Farm
(NAHMS) ID for the State of AK.
NASS will provide an EPAID ID on the consent form. The EPAID ID will contain
3 extra zeroes between the State FIPS and the operation number. For example,
02 000 0123 is an EPAID ID. Please ignore the 3 middle zeroes when you record
the Farm (NAHMS) ID
Collector name and phone number
Legibly, enter your name and phone number
Interview Date
Enter the interview date in MM/DD/YY format.
Start Time
Enter the time you arrived at the operation in HH:MM format using military time.
All questions, except where noted, refer to the goat operation on site.
Section 4 Page 92
ON-SITE AGRITOURISM QUESTIONNAIRE GUIDE
Note: “Goat visitor area” is referred to throughout this questionnaire. This represents any
area where animals are available for public visitation.
Item 1: General public invited onto the farm
The term “general public” in Item 1 refers to anyone outside of the Producer’s friends,
family, veterinarians, officials/inspectors, or employees. The general public includes
individual visitors as well as organized groups, (ie 4-H), whether or not admission is
charged. “Invited” means allowed access to the operation. Some farms have
uninvited visitors who stop by but are not expected. Do not include unexpected
visitors as a reason to select “Yes.”
[If Item 1 = No, do not administer the questionnaire. Proceed to Office Use Only
page.]
Item 2: Public access to animals, feed, manure, or farm equipment
“Public” in Item 2 refers to the term “general public” in Item 1. Select “No” if the public
did not have access to areas or facilities on the farm that house animals or contain,
feed, manure, or farm equipment.
What if...
The operation sells products and visitors only have access to the store, but the
animals have fence line contact with areas where the general public has access?
Answer “Yes” and continue with the questionnaire. However, questions referring to
the “goat visitor areas” will likely not apply to these types of operations. For any
questions that do not seem applicable, please leave a note in the margins
explaining that operations specific situation.
[If Item 2 = No, do not administer the questionnaire. Proceed to Office Use Only
page]
The “general public” will now be considered “visitors” throughout this questionnaire.
This includes individual visitors as well as organized groups, whether or not the visitors are
charged admission.
Section 4 Page 93
Item 3(a-l): Number of visitor days/month and number of visitors/month.
In the “Number of days” column, list the number days in each month that visitors had
access to the facilities on the farm that housed animals or contained, feed, manure, or
farm equipment. The number of days cannot be greater than the number of days in
each of the months listed. If the number of days is greater than 0, be sure to include
the Producer’s best estimate for the “Average number of visitors per month” column. If
there were no visitors during a month, write “0” days in the “Number of days” column
and “NA” in the “Average number of visitors per month” column.
What if...
The farm sells eggs in all months of the year except for the winter when the hens
don’t lay eggs? Visitors buy eggs and can pet goats through the fence. Typically
about 4 groups stop by each weekend and sometimes there are 2 people while at
other times there is only one person per car.
Answer: For December, January, and February (winter months), enter 0 for column 1
“Number of days” and NA for column 2 “Average number of visitors per month.”
Enter 8 days in column 1 for the approximate weekends in the non-winter months.Of
the 4 visiting groups, consider that about half have 2 people and half have 1 person
per car. That would be 6 people for the 4 groups that stop by each weekend (6
people * 4 weekends = 24 average visitors/month), so enter 24 visitors in column 2
for the non-winter months.
Item 4: Visitor parking area
Select “Yes” or “No” to indicate whether the operation has a designated parking for
visitors away from the regular farm traffic. Regular farm traffic would include farm
equipment and other vehicles operated by owners and staff of the operation. This also
includes any animal movements on the operation.
[If Item 4 = No, Skip to Item 7]
Item 5: Location of visitor parking area
Select “Yes” or “No” to indicate whether the visitor parking area was downhill from
animal facilities, manure, storage areas, or crop fields that were fertilized with animal
manure. This is especially important in areas that receive a lot of rain where
runoff water is accessible to visitors.
Item 6: Visitor parking area fence line
Select “Yes” or “No” to indicate whether the visitor parking area shared a fence line
with an animal pen or pasture.
Item 7(a-e): Visitor access to areas
Select “Yes,” “No,” or “NA” to indicate whether the visitors had access to the areas
listed in a-e. “NA” should be selected if the operation does not have that area on the
farm.
Section 4 Page 94
Item 8: Manure runoff
Select “Yes” or “No” to indicate whether runoff from the manure pile or goat pens
could enter areas where visitors had access.
Item 9(a-f): Animals available for visitors
For a-f, select “Yes” or “No” if the goat types or other animals were available for public
visitation. If the Producer selects “Yes” in a-f, be sure to answer both the second and
third columns (whether or not the visitors were allowed to touch the animals and if the
visitors were allowed in the animal pens).
What if...
A llama is kept out with the goats, but the llama never comes close enough for
people to touch it. People are allowed in the pen with the goats where the llama is
located.
Answer: Check “Yes” for column 1, the llama is available for public visitation. Then
for the next two columns, mark “No” the visitors are not allowed to touch the llama,
and mark “Yes,” the visitors are allowed in the pen where the llama is housed.
Item 10: Dog or cat access to visitor areas
In the “Animal Present” column, select “Yes” or “No” to indicate if dogs or cats have
access to the visitor area. These dogs or cats may not be the farm’s animals, but
could include stray cats or neighbor dogs, etc. If the Producer selects “Yes,” have the
Producer answer whether or not the dog(s) or cat(s) are vaccinated against rabies.
Check “DK” if the Producer does not know the animal(s) rabies vaccination history.
For Items 11 and 12, please refer to the reference card stapled to the back of
the questionnaire.
Item 11: Transition area
Use the reference card attached to the back of this questionnaire help answer this
question. Select “Yes” or No” to indicate if there is a clearly defined transition area
between animal and non-animal area(s). The transition area(s) can be physical or
conceptual (space with no defined barriers that separates animal areas from nonanimal areas) that differentiates where animals are available to visitors and where
animals are no longer available to visitors. There could be multiple transition areas,
one into and one out of the animal area, or there could be a single transition area into
and out of an animal area.
[If Item 11 = No, Skip to Item 13]
Item 12: Signs in transition area
Select “Yes” or “No” to indicate if the transition area(s) included sign(s) that clearly
indicate what is expected of visitors in the animal area. For example, “No food or
strollers in the barn,” “Wash hands,” etc.
Section 4 Page 95
Item 13: Visitor area guide
Select “Yes” or “No” to indicate if each visitor group is escorted through the goat
visitor area(s) by a guide.
[If Item 13 = Yes, Skip to Item 16]
Item 14: Employees in visitor areas
Select “Yes” or “No” to indicate if there are employees available throughout the goat
visitor area(s) to answer animal questions and direct visitors.
Item 15: Direction flow through the visitor area
Check the box that best describes how visitors typically move through the goat visitor
area(s). Be sure to only check one box. If “Other” is selected, specify how the visitors
typically move through the goat visitor area(s). Check only one.
What if...
The barn has 2 stations; Station 1 has boar goats and Station 2 has dairy goats. The
barn’s entrance and exit is located near Station 1.
Answer: This would be considered two way traffic. In order to exit the barn after
visiting Station 2, visitors would need to go back through Station 1. Select “Controlled
movement in more than one direction.”
Item 16 (a-f): Farm policies
For a-f, select “Yes” or “No” to indicate if the farm requires each of the policies listed.
If “Yes” is selected, complete both columns 2 and 3 to indicate whether there is a sign
to communicate the policy and/or if the policy is verbally communicated to the visitors.
Item 17 (a-d): Visitor Risks
For a-d, select “Yes” or “No” to indicate if the farm warns visitors about each of the
risk listed. If “Yes” is selected, complete both columns 2 and 3 to indicate whether
there is a sign to communicate the warning and/or if the warning is verbally
communicated.
Item 18: Visitors feeding goats
Select “Yes” or “No” to indicated if the visitors are allowed to feed the goats.
What if...
Visitors aren’t allowed to feed goats, but on occasion people will pull grass and feed
it through the fence?
Answer: If visitors are instructed not to feed the goats, select “No.”
[If Item 18 = No, Skip to Item 21]
Section 4 Page 96
Item 19 (a-d): Visitor feeding methods
For a-d, select “Yes” or “No” to indicate if the visitors feed the goats using the
methods listed. If “Other” is selected, specify the feeding method used. For Item 20c,
note that a one-way feeding tube allows animal food to be placed in the tube which
then is accessible to the animal without human-animal contact.
Item 20: Feeding restrictions for high-risk visitors
Select “Yes” or “No” to indicated if high-risk populations are prevented from feeding
goats. High-risk populations would include children under 5, adults over the age of 65,
and those individuals who are immunosuppressed, including pregnant women.
Item 21: Hand-washing stations
Select “Yes” or “No” to indicate if hand-washing stations are available to visitors when
they exit the goat visitor area. Hand-washing stations must have water and soap
available. This does not include hand sanitizer. Item 25 will ask about hand
sanitizer availability.
[If Item 21 = No, Skip to Item 25]
Item 22: Water temperature at hand-washing stations
Select “Yes” or “No” to indicate if the hand-washing stations have both hot and cold
water.
Item 23: Hand-washing stations supply maintenance
Enter the frequency (when visitors are present) that the hand-washing station supplies
are checked for availability of items such as water, soap, and paper towels. Enter the
supply maintenance frequency as the number of times “per day” OR “per week” OR
“per month” the supplies are checked for availability.
What if...
The operation only check it once a day when they have visitors on the weekend?
Answer: This question looks for the frequency of checking supplies when visitors are
present. Answer once a day since the operation checks daily during visiting days.
Item 24: Hand-washing area inspection checklist
Select “Yes” or “No” to indicate if a checklist is used for employees to know the
frequency of inspections for hand-washing areas.
Item 25: Hand sanitizer
Select “Yes” or “No” to indicate if hand sanitizer is available to farm visitors when they
exit the goat visitor areas.
Item 26: Cleaning goat visitor areas
Enter the number of times per week goat visitor areas are cleaned of manure and
debris.
Section 4 Page 97
Item 27: Disinfecting goat visitor areas
Select how often goat visitor areas are routinely disinfected. Disinfectant could be
1:10 bleach dilution, phenolic product (1-Stroke Environ® or SynPhenol-3™), or an
accelerated hydrogen peroxide product (intervention™) or Lime. Check only one. If
“Other frequency” is selected, specify how frequently the goat visitor areas are
routinely disinfected.
Item 28 (a-d): Employee education
For a-d, select “Yes” or “No” to indicate if employees or farm personnel are trained or
educated in the topics listed.
Item 29: Protocol to check animals for signs of illness
Select “Yes” or “No” to indicate if there is a protocol to make sure employees check
for signs of illness (e.g. diarrhea, fever, coughing) in animals used in public visitation
areas.
[If Item 29 = No, Skip to Item 33]
Item 30: Veterinarian involvement in sick animal protocol
Select “Yes” or “No” to indicate if a veterinarian (a private veterinarian or an
extension/university veterinarian) was involved in developing the protocol for checking
for signs of illness in animals exhibited in the visitation areas.
Item 31(a-b): Ill Animal protocol format
For 31a and 31b, select “Yes” or “No” to indicate the format of the protocol for
checking for signs of illness in animals exhibited in visitation areas.
Item 32: Frequency of checks for sick animals
Select the answer that corresponds to the frequency at which the protocol requires
animals to be checked for signs of illness. Be sure to only check one box.
Item 33: Pregnant does in goat visitor areas
Select “Yes” or “No” to indicate if pregnant does have been included in the goat visitor
areas at any time in the last 12 months.
[If Item 33 = No, SKIP to Item 35]
Item 34: Action for abortion in the goat visitor area
Check the box to indicate what action would usually be taken in the event of a doe
abortion in the goat visitor area. Check only one. If you check the first box, “Leave
the goats in the visitor area, select “Yes” or “No” for both a and b to indicate if visitors
are prevented from contact with aborting does and if there is a barrier to prevent
shared air space with aborting does. If you check the second box, “Remove aborting
doe from the goat visitor area,” select “Yes” or “No” to indicate if the contaminated
bedding is also removed. If the fourth box, “Other” is checked, specify what other
action is taken if a doe aborts in the goat visitor area.
Section 4 Page 98
Item 35: Action for sick goat in visitor area
Check the box to indicate what action would be taken in the event of a least one goat
(adult or kid) becoming ill (e.g. diarrhea) in the goat visitor area with something other
than abortion. Check only one. If you check the first box, “Leave kids or goats in the
area(s) open to visitors,” select “Yes” or “No” to indicate if the visitors are prevented
from contact with sick goats. If “Other” is checked, specify what action would be taken
if a goat became ill in the goat visitor area.
Item 36: Food or drinks
Select “Yes” or “No” to indicate if food or drinks (concessions) are available for visitors
as samples or to purchase anywhere on the operation.
[If Item 36 = No, SKIP to Item 44]
Item 37: Food or drinks and animal contact
Select “Yes” or “No” to indicate if food and/or drinks are served in an area where
animals have ever been kept or where there is possible contact with animals.
Item 38: Unpasteurized products
Select “Yes” or “No” to indicate if there are any unpasteurized products served, such
as milk, cheese, yogurt, or fruit juice.
Item 39: Hand-washing stations at food service area
Select “Yes” or “No” to indicate if there are hand-washing stations available to farm
visitors at the entry to the food service area. Hand-washing stations must include
soap and water. The presence of hand sanitizers will be asked about in Item 41.
[If item 39 = No, Skip to Item 41]
Item 40(a-c): Hand-washing safety at food service areas
For a-c, select “Yes” or “No” to indicate the specifics listed about the hand washing
station(s) at food service areas.
Item 41: Hand sanitizer at food service area
Select “Yes” or “No” to indicate if there is hand sanitizer available to visitors in the
food service area.
Item 42: Food or drinks service
Select “Yes” or “No” to indicate if employees who handle the animals also serve food
or drinks to visitors.
[If Item 42= No, SKIP to Item 44]
Item 43(a-d): Employee requirements for handling food or drinks
For a-d, select “Yes” or “No” to indicate the requirements employees must take
between handling animals and serving food or drink to visitors. This question refers to
what is required for employees to do after working with animals prior to handling food.
Section 4 Page 99
Item 44(a-b): Insurance
For 44a, select “Yes” or “No” to indicate if the Producer has met with an insurance
agent about protecting the farm through polices for an agritourism operation. If 46a is
“Yes,” proceed to answer 44b to indicate if the Producer has added polices specific to
public visitation on the farm.
[If 44a = “No,” End the Interview and complete the Office Use Only Section]
[This is the last question of the survey, proceed to complete the Office Use Only
Section]
Section 4 Page 100
OFFICE USE ONLY
This is the conclusion of the On-site Agritourism interview. The purpose of this section is to
provide NAHMS with information about the time and people spent completing this
questionniare. Additionally, this section provides a bit more information regarding data
quality, which is taken into consideration when entering the data.
Top Box: Operation Information
In the box at the top of the Office Use Only Section enter the State FIPS ID, the
operation number, your initials, and the date the interview was completed.
Item 1: Total Interview Time
Enter the total time it took to complete the interview. Be sure to include the time it took
to discuss the program and complete the questionnaire. If more than one data
collector was present, such as a VMO and AHT, enter the time combined for both
people.
Item 2: Status of Questionnaire
Enter the response code that best describes the status of the questionnaire for this
operation. If the operation completed the questionnaire enter ‘99’. If the operation did
not complete the questionnaire, choose the response code that best fits the
Producer’s reason for not completing the questionnaire. If the operation was not
eligible to complete the questionnaire enter response code ’06’.
Item 3: Respondents Position
Select the code that best describes the respondent’s position with the operation. If
‘Other’ is selected, please succinctly describe that person’s role on the operation.
Item 4: Data Quality
Select the option that best described the data quality of this questionnaire. If a large
majority of the data is missing or large sections were skipped and records were not
consulted, then data quality should be considered poor. If the whole questionnaire
was completed and records were consulted, then data quality should be considered
good to excellent.
Item 5: Use Records
Select “Yes” or “No” to answer whether or not the respondent used written or
computerized records to answer questions in the questionnaire.
Comments:
Please use this section to provide any more insight that you believe will be valuable
for NAHMS when reviewing the questionnaire.
Signature:
Please sign that you have reviewed and completed this questionnaire.
Section 4 Page 101
Section 4 Page 102
Biologics Manual
CONTENTS
Components of Biologics: Overview ..................................................................3
Biologics Design ..................................................................................................5
Sampling Plan ......................................................................................................7
Kit Orders and Collection Schedule ...................................................................8
Kit Orders ...................................................................................................8
Biologics Collection Timeline ......................................................................8
Collection and Shipping Days .....................................................................8
Enteric Pathogen Testing ....................................................................................9
Collection Instructions and Record .............................................................9
Enteric Pathogen Items of Note ..................................................................15
Producer Report Example for Enteric Pathogen Testing .............................17
Internal Parasite Testing .....................................................................................19
Pre-Deworming Collection Instructions and Records ..................................19
Post-Deworming Collection Instructions and Records ................................25
Internal Parasite Items of Note ...................................................................31
FAMACHA© Scoring ...................................................................................33
Producer Report Example for Internal Parasite Testing ..............................37
Blood and Swab Samples....................................................................................41
Collection Instructions and Records ...........................................................41
Blood and Swab Collection Items of Note ...................................................47
Producer Report Example for Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae Testing ...........49
Producer Report Example for Scrapie Genetic Resisting Testing ...............51
Section 5 Page 1
Section 5 Page 2
COMPONENTS OF BIOLOGICS: OVERVIEW
1. Fecal Enteric Pathogen Testing: VS-collected fecal samples will be tested for Salmonella, E.
coli, Campylobacter, Enterococcus (sample subset), Cryptosporidium, and Giardia.
Antimicrobial susceptibility testing will be done on Salmonella and E. coli isolates. Duplicate
fecal samples will be collected from up to 25 goats, with samples taken from 5 goats in each of
the following goat types (using this priority order): pregnant does, nursing does, preweaned
kids, weaned kids, and open does. If one goat type is not present on the operation, collect extra
samples from the highest priority goat type, to up to 10 goats in each type. Producer reports
containing culture results for Salmonella, E. coli, Campylobacter, Cryptosporidium, and Giardia
will be generated, and sealed reports will be sent to Coordinators for distribution within 3 months
of sample collection.
2. Fecal Internal Parasite Testing Pre- and Post-deworming: VS- and Producer-collected fecal
samples will be tested for internal parasites using mini-FLOTAC egg counting to determine the
fecal egg counts (FECs) of Trichostrongylus spp. in pre- and post-deworming samples. The Pre
deworming samples will also be cultured differentiate the strongyles. A fecal egg count reduction
will be calculated using the pre- and post-deworming FECs to estimate anthelmintic resistance. VS
will be responsible for collecting up to 25 pre-deworming fecal samples. The Producer will be
responsible for collecting post-deworming fecal samples from the same goats 10-14 days after
deworming. Producer reports containing the pre- and post-FECs of Trichostrongylus spp. and
anthelmintic resistance results will be generated, and sealed reports will be sent to Coordinators
for distribution within 3 months of sample collection.
3. Blood Scrapie Genetic Testing: VS collected blood samples from unrelated does and bucks
greater than 15 months of age will be tested for the presence of genotypes thought to be
resistant to scrapie. Up to 15 blood samples will be collected in purple-top EDTA tubes. VS
should sample from no more than 5 unrelated bucks and 5 unrelated does of one breed. If more
than one breed is present on the operation, you may submit additional samples from unrelated
does or bucks of the other breed(s) for a maximum of 15 samples per farm. Producer reports
containing scrapie resistance results will be generated, and sealed reports will be sent to
Coordinators for distribution within 3 months of sample collection.
4. Blood Serum Banking: Blood samples from does greater than 15 months of age will be
collected by VS, in red top tubes. The serum will be aliquoted into four sets at NVSL. One set
will be saved for Coxiella burnetti (C. burnetii) antibody testing and the other sets will be stored
in a serum bank for future research into diseases of concern to the goat industry. Results will
not be returned to the Producer. Goats that have this blood sample taken can participate in
testing for Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae (M. ovi) (Nasal Swab) and C. burnetii (Vaginal Swab).
5. Nasal Swab Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae Testing: VS collected nasal samples will be tested
for the detection of M. ovi. Up to 25 does that had blood serum samples collected can have
nasal swabs collected. Producer reports containing results for the detection of M. ovi will be
generated, and sealed reports will be sent to Coordinators for distribution within 3 months of
sample collection.
Section 5 Page 3
6. Vaginal Swab Coxiella burnetii Testing: VS-collected vaginal swabs will be tested for C.
burnetii, the causative agent of Q fever. Up to 15 does that had blood serum samples collected
can have vaginal swabs collected. These results will not be returned to the Producer.
Section 5 Page 4
BIOLOGICS DESIGN
Fecal Collection: Enteric Pathogen Kit
Fecal testing for culture and detection of antimicrobial resistance (AMR)
VS Fecal Collection
• Up to 25 goats sampled
• Collect samples from 5 goats from each of the following
goat types (in this order): Pregnant does, nursing does,
preweaned kids, weaned kids, and open does. If one
goat type is not present on the operation, collect extra
samples from the highest priority goat type, to up to 10
goats (ie, if no preweaned kids are present, collect from
up to 5 more pregnant does).
• Duplicate samples/goat: At least 6 pellets in 1st bag and
4 pellets in the 2nd bag
*NCSU: North Carolina State University
**ARS: Agricultural Research Service
***CDC: Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Samples shipped to NCSU*
• Samples tested for Salmonella, E.coli,
Campylobacter, and Enterococcus (subset).
• Salmonella, E.coli, Campylobacter Results
reported to participants
Isolates shipped to NVSL
• Salmonella and E. coli isolates tested
for antimicrobial susceptibility
• Results are not reported to
participants
Samples shipped to ARS** Beltsville
• Samples tested for Cryptosporidium and
Giardia
• Results reported to participants
Isolates shipped to CDC***
• Cryptosporidium and Giardia positive isolates
typed.
• Results are not reported to participants
Fecal Collection: Internal Parasite Pre- and Post-Deworming Kits (Parasite Kit A and Kit B)
Internal parasite/anthelmintic resistance testing
VS and Producer Fecal Collection
• Sampling Numbers:
1-19 goats on the operation.……………..Sample all goats
20-49 goats on the operation.……………Sample 20 goats
50 or more goats on the operation.……Sample 25 goats
Samples shipped to LSU*
• Sample tests include Trichostrongylus spp
Fecal Egg Count, Fecal Culture, (FEC) and Fecal
Egg Count Reduction Test (FECRT)
• Evaluate resistance to anthelmintic drugs
• Results reported to participants
• Pre-deworming sample:
- 60 days since last dewormer VS-collected if possible
- 5-6 pellets collected per goat
• Post-deworming sample:
*LSU: Louisiana State University
- 10-14 days post-deworming Producer collected; same
goats sampled as the pre-deworming sample
- 5-6 pellets collected per goat placed in 1 bag
Section 5 Page 5
Blood and swab collections: Blood/Swab Kit
Testing for: Scrapie resistance, serum bank (future testing), Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae, and
Coxiella burnetii
VS Blood Purple Top Tube Collection
• Sample from:
Goats at least 15 months of age
• Sampling numbers:
Purple-top Blood forwarded to NVSL-DBPL**
• Purple-top tubes tested for genetic resistance
to scrapie
• Results reported to participants
- 15 unrelated goats
- 5 unrelated bucks and 5 unrelated does from one
breed
- Additional 5 does or bucks of other breed(s)
• Fill one 10ml-purple top tube/goat
VS Blood (Serum): Red Top Tube Collection
• Sample from:
Does at least 15 months of age
• Sampling numbers:
1-19 does on the operation.……………..Sample all does
20-49 does on the operation..…………..Sample 20 does
50 or more does on the operation.……Sample 25 does
• Fill one 10ml-red top tube/goat
VS Nasal Swab Collection
• Sample from:
Blood/Swab Kit sent to NVSL* Serology
• NVSL forwards purple-top blood, nasal swabs,
and vaginal swabs
• Blood (serum) is processed and serum is
aliquoted (4 sets) and cataloged for serum bank
• 3 sets of each sample for serum bank
• 1 set to be forwarded to CDC
• Results are not reported to participants
Nasal swabs forwarded to ARSPullman
• Swab samples tested for M. ovi.
• Results reported to participants
Same does sampled as red top tube blood samples
• Swab each nostril (4-5 inches deep) with same swab
• Insert swab into broth and break off swab into media
VS Vaginal Swab Collection
• Sample from:
Same does sampled as for red-top blood samples, but
only up to 15 samples.
• Swab vagina, rotating 180 degrees 4-5 times
• Insert swab into culture tube
Vaginal swabs forwarded to CDC
• Swab samples tested for C. burnetii
• Serum set tested for C. burnetii
• Results are not reported to participants
* NVSL National Veterinary Services Laboratory
**DBPL: Diagnostic Bacteriology and Pathology
Laboratory
Section 5 Page 6
SAMPLING PLAN
If an operation has 50 or more goats, the following sampling plan can be used:
Biologic Kit
Type
Testing
Sample
type
Enteric
Pathogen
Enteric
Pathogen
Enteric
Pathogen
Enteric
Pathogen
Enteric
Pathogen
Enteric
pathogens
Enteric
pathogens
Enteric
pathogens
Enteric
pathogens
Enteric
pathogens
Fecal
Pellets
Fecal
Pellets
Fecal
Pellets
Fecal
Pellets
Fecal
Pellets
Internal
Parasite
Internal
parasites
Fecal
Pellets
Scrapie
Blood
Scrapie
Blood
Scrapie
Blood
Blood and
Swab
Blood and
Swab
Blood and
Swab
Blood and
Swab
BloodBlood banking serum
Blood and
Swab
M. ovi
Nasal
Swab
Blood and
Swab
C. Burnetii
Vaginal
Swab
Goat
sample
number
Goat type
*5 Pregnant does
*5 Nursing does
*5 Open does
*5 Preweaned kids
*5 Weaned kids
**25 Goats and kids
Unrelated does of 1 breed (same
5 breed as bucks) >15 months old
Unrelated bucks of 1 breed (same
5 breed as does) >15 months old
Unrelated Does or Bucks of other
5 breed(s) >15 months old
Sample per goat
10-12 pellets,
divided into 2 bags
10-12 pellets,
divided into 2 bags
10-12 pellets,
divided into 2 bags
10-12 pellets,
divided into 2 bags
10-12 pellets,
divided into 2 bags
5-6 pellets, 1 bag
Purple top 10ml tube
Purple top 10ml tube
Purple top 10ml tube
***25 Does >15 month old
Red top 10ml tube
***25 Does (same as blood-serum does)
Nasal Swab
15 Does (subset of blood-serum does)
Vaginal swab
* If one goat type is not present on the operation, collect extra samples from the highest priority goat
type, to up to 10 goats of each type. Sample from no more than 25 goats per operation.
**If the operation has fewer than 50 goats, use the following sampling plan for internal parasite fecal
samples:
1-19 does on the operation ................. Sample all goats
20-49 does on the operation ............... Sample 20 goats
50 or more does on the operation ....... Sample 25 goats
***If the operation has fewer than 50 does, use the following sampling plan for blood-serum and
nasal swab samples:
1-19 does on the operation ................. Sample all does
20-49 does on the operation ............... Sample 20 does
50 or more does on the operation ....... Sample 25 does
Section 5 Page 7
KIT ORDERS AND COLLECTION SCHEDULE
KIT ORDERS
NAHMS will place intial kit orders based on State turnover numbers. These initial kits will either be sent to
coordinaotrs for distribution or will be sent directly to the VMOs. Additional kit can be requested by email Abby
Zehr at [email protected].
BIOLOGICS COLLECTION TIMELINE
*VS Collection…..………………………………………..September 9, 2019 - December 6, 2019
Producer Collection (Fecal Parasite Kit B)………….September 19, 2019 – January 31, 2020
*VMOs need to be present for VS collection. AHTs are welcome to assist VMOs with the collection.
COLLECTION AND SHIPPING DAYS
Samples
Enteric
Pathogen
Parasite:
Pre- and
Postdeworming
Blood/
Swabs
Sunday
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Collect*
Collect
Collect
Collect**
Ship
Ship
Ship
Collect
Collect
Collect**
Ship
Ship
Ship
Collect
Collect
Collect
Ship
Ship
Ship
Collect*
Collect***
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
Collect***
Collect***
Collect***
*Fecal Samples collected on Sunday must be kept refrigerated until they can be shipped on the
following Monday. Fecal samples must be shipped within 24 hours of collection.
**Fecal samples collected on Wednesday must be shipped on the same day. Fecal samples should not
be collected Thursday-Saturday.
**Blood and swab samples collected on Sunday or Thursday-Saturday must be kept refrigerated until
they can be shipped on the following Monday. Red top tubes should be spun down to separate the
serum. These sampling days apply only to operations that do not want fecal samples taken or will have
fecal samples collected on a different day (Sunday-Wednesday).
Section 5 Page 8
ENTERIC PATHOGEN TESTING
COLLECTION INSTRUCTIONS AND RECORDS
Animal and
Plant Health
Inspection
Service
Veterinary
Services
NAHMS Goat 2019
Enteric Pathogen
Collection Record
National Animal Health
Monitoring System
2150 Centre Ave, Bldg B
Fort Collins, CO 80526
Form Approved
OMB Number 0579-0354
Expires:
Kit contents:
50 small Whirl-Pak® bags, 25 medium Whirl-Pak® bags, lubricant, 2 ice packs, 1 liner bag, 1 medium insulated
cooler, and paperwork that includes submission form, labels, and 1 UPS airbill addressed to NCSU in Raleigh,
NC. You will need to provide your own gloves. Clean gloves are needed for each animal.
Collection Instructions
Collect fecal samples Sunday-Wednesday. Collect fecal samples from 5 goats from each of the following
goat types: pregnant does, nursing does, preweaned kids, weaned kids, and open does. If one goat type is not
present on the operation, collect extra samples from the highest priority goat type, to up to 10 goats. The
sample priority order is pregnant does, nursing does, preweaned kids, weaned kids, and open does.
Fresh samples are a must. Collect from the rectum or immediately off the ground while samples are still
warm. Rectal retrieval might not be possible on some goats (e.g. preweaned kids).
Collect AT LEAST 6 fecal pellets from each animal (plus at least 4 additional pellets for a second bag).
Place 6 fecal pellets in one small Whirl-Pak® bag and any remaining fecal pellets (at least 4) in a second small
Whirl-Pak® bag. On the labels provided, write the goat’s name or ID and attach the labels onto to the bags.
Express air from Whirl-Pak® bags, twist down twice, and secure.
Place the 2 small Whirl-Pak® bags from each animal in a medium Whirl-Pak® bag and secure. Place all
samples in 1 liner bag. Cool down samples with ice packs. Keep cool and, if necessary, replace ice packs with
frozen ones before shipping.
RECTAL RETRIEVAL
To avoid contamination from common organisms on the ground, rectal retrieval is best. Rectal retrieval
might not be possible on some goats (e.g. preweaned kids), and fresh off the ground samples are
acceptable.
2. Collect
duplicate
1. Apply lubricating
samples:
jelly to the glove
Retrieve a
before entering the
minimum of 6rectum.
10 pellets per
Lightly stroking
animal.
the rectum might
6 pellets go in
encourage
one bag and 4
defecation.
pellets go in the
second bag
3. On each label, write the goat’s name or ID and attach them on to the small Whirl-Pak® bags. Place
the small duplicate bags inside the medium Whirl-Pak® bag.
4. Continue collecting samples from other goats using a clean glove for each animal.
According to the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, an agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to
respond to, a collection of information unless it displays a valid OMB control number. The valid OMB control number for
this information collection is 0579-0354. The time required to complete this information collection is estimated to average
2.0 hours per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and
maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the information collected.
NAHMS-460
Jun 2019
Section 5 Page 9
Collection Form Instructions
Using a BallPoint Pen, record samples on the appropriate lines and complete all information requested.
Send the white and yellow copies to the lab. The pink copy stays with the Producer.
Shipping Instructions
Ship on Monday-Wednesday. Keep samples cool and ship within 24 hours of collection. Wednesday
collections must be shipped the same day. Do not collect or ship samples Thursday through Saturday.
Place all the samples in the liner bag and tie shut. Place an ice pack on the top and bottom of the samples.
Add filler to box if necessary. Close the insulated cooler box and place the white and yellow collection
record on top of the cooler box lid. Leave the pink copy with the Producer.
Secure the box and ship to NCSU in Raleigh, North Carolina, within 24 hours. Ship only MondayWednesday.
NOTE: Remove or black out all extraneous labels on outside of box.
Section 5 Page 10
NAHMS ID
Primary collector:
Date:
6 digits
Name and phone number
1. Sample #
4. Goat
Type
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
2. Goat name
or ID
3. Age
(months
or years)
___ mo
OR
___ yr
___ mo
OR
___ yr
___ mo
OR
___ yr
___ mo
OR
___ yr
___ mo
OR
___ yr
___ mo
OR
___ yr
___ mo
OR
___ yr
___ mo
OR
___ yr
___ mo
OR
___ yr
___ mo
OR
___ yr
1= pregnant
doe
2=nursing
doe
3=preweaned
kid
4=weaned kid
5=open doe
6. Goat housing
5. IF goat
type =1 or 2,
provide date
kidded or
expected
date to kid
(mm/dd/yy)
1= housed in individual
pens
2=housed with other
goats of same type
(column 4)
3=housed with other goat
types (column 4)
4=housed with other
livestock (specify
livestock)
[List all that apply]
7. Condition(s)
in past
30 days
1=diarrhea
2=fever
3=respiratory
infection
4=thin
5=other (specify)
[List all that
apply]
Kit # on
labels:
mm/dd/yy)
8. Did this animal
receive individual
antimicrobial
therapy in the last
30 days?
(Yes/No)
[If No, SKIP
column 9.]
9. Which
individual
antibiotic(s) were
given in the last
30 days?
[See reference card
and enter code]
Section 5 Page 11
1. Sample #
4. Goat
Type
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
2. Goat name
or ID
3. Age
(months
or years)
___ mo
OR
___ yr
___ mo
OR
___ yr
___ mo
OR
___ yr
___ mo
OR
___ yr
___ mo
OR
___ yr
1= pregnant
doe
2=nursing
doe
3=preweaned
kid
4=weaned kid
5=open doe
6. Goat housing
5. IF goat
type =1 or 2,
provide date
kidded or
expected
date to kid.
(mm/dd/yy)
1= housed in individual
pens
2=housed with other
goats of same type
(column 4)
3=housed with other goat
types (column 4)
4=housed with other
livestock (specify
livestock)
[list all that apply]
7. Condition(s)
in past
30 days
1=diarrhea
2=fever
3=respiratory
infection
4=thin
5=other (specify)
[list all that apply]
8. Did this animal
receive individual
antimicrobial
therapy in the last
30 days?
(Yes/No)
[If No, SKIP
column 9.]
9. Which
individual
antibiotic(s) were
given in the last
30 days?
[see reference card
and enter code]
___ mo
OR
___ yr
___ mo
OR
___ yr
___ mo
OR
___ yr
___ mo
OR
___ yr
___ mo
OR
___ yr
Section 5 Page 12
6. Goat housing
1. Sample #
4. Goat
Type
2. Goat name
or ID
21
22
23
24
25
Were samples:
3. Age
(months
or years)
1= pregnant
doe
2=nursing
doe
3=preweaned
kid
4=weaned kid
5=open doe
5. IF goat
type =1 or 2,
provide date
kidded or
expected
date to kid.
(mm/dd/yy)
___ mo
OR
___ yr
___ mo
OR
___ yr
___ mo
OR
___ yr
___ mo
OR
___ yr
___ mo
OR
___ yr
1 stored overnight
OR
1= housed in individual
pens
2=housed with other
goats of same type
(column 4)
3=housed with other goat
types (column 4)
4=housed with other
livestock (specify
livestock)
[list all that apply]
7. Condition(s)
in past
30 days
1=diarrhea
2=fever
3=respiratory
infection
4=thin
5=other (specify)
[list all that apply]
8. Did this animal
receive individual
antimicrobial
therapy in the last
30 days?
(Yes/No)
[If No, SKIP
column 9.]
9. Which
individual
antibiotic(s) were
given in the last
30 days?
[see reference card
and enter code]
2 shipped the same day as collected?
How many people in each category helped with the collection of the individual fecal samples?
_____ Fed VMO
_____ Fed AHT
_____ State government
_____ Producer
_____ Other, specify:
Total sample time ________ hours
Section 5 Page 13
Section 5 Page 14
ENTERIC PATHOGEN ITEMS OF NOTE:
1. The term “goat type” is used in the collection record in columns 4 and 6. For this study, use
this term to place the goats sampled into the following categories:
a. Pregnant doe
b. Nursing doe
c. Preweaned kid
d. Weaned kid
e. Open doe
2. Collection schedule: Unlike previous NAHMS studies, we have chosen not to include a
collection schedule for enteric pathogen collection. However, the laboratory does have a
maximum number of samples it can accept per week. Please schedule your farm visit and
sample collection throughout the study period so we don’t overwhelm the laboratory with
samples. If the laboratory does reach capacity, a collection schedule may need to be
implemented. NAHMS will communicate with the Coordinators throughout the sampling
period to discuss the scheduling options, if needed.
3. The sampling priority order for the goats was designed by the laboratory to best achieve
our biological goals. If one goat type is not present on the operation, collect extra samples
from the highest priority goat type, to up to 10 goats. Sample from no more than 25 goats
per operation. Please be sure to sample goats in this order:
a. Pregnant does- sample 5 goats
b. Nursing does- sample 5 goats
c. Preweaned kids- sample to 5 goats
d. Weaned kids- sample 5 goats
e. Open does- sample 5 goats
4. Collect 10 pellets per animal; six pellets will go in one small bag and 4 pellets will go in the
second bag. If a goat is short on fecal pellets, collect at least 6 pellets for the 1st bag. After
labeling and sealing both small bags, place the set of duplicate bags in a medium size bag
and seal. This will keep the set together for the lab. If you only collected one small bag
because the goat was short on fecal pellets, place the single bag inside the medium size
bag and seal.
5. Use a clean glove and lubricant for each animal. Rectal retrieval is best, but ground
samples are acceptable if necessary (e.g. preweaned goats).
6. Please use the antibiotics reference card included with the enteric pathogen kit paperwork
to fill out the column about the antimicrobial therapy found on the collection record. The
reference cards can be found in the reference card tab in this manual. This reference card
is the same as the one used to answer the VS questionnaire antibiotics questions.
7. A producer report with results for Salmonella, E. coli, Campylobacter, Cryptosporidium, and
Giardia will be sent to Coordinators for distribution within 3 months of collection. Since only
a subset of samples will be tested for Enterococcus, this microbe will not be include in the
report. An example of the enteric pathogen producer report is on the following pages.
Section 5 Page 15
Section 5 Page 16
PRODUCER REPORT EXAMPLE FOR ENTERIC PATHOGEN TESTING
National Animal Health Monitoring System
(NAHMS) Enteric Microbe Report
Date of report: 11/1/2019
Enteric Microbe test results for NAHMS ID: 999999
Date of sample collection: 10/1/2019
Dear participant,
Thank you for participating in the enteric microbe testing portion of the NAHMS Goat 2019
Study. This report contains testing results for Salmonella, E. coli, Campylobacter, Giardia, and
Cryptosporidium performed on goats at your operation. Please consider sharing these results
with your veterinarian.
If you have questions about the accuracy of your results, please contact Dr. Alyson Wiedenheft,
the NAHMS biologics coordinator at (970) 494-7290 or [email protected].
Background on Salmonella, E. coli, Campylobacter, Giardia, and
Cryptosporidium:
The bacteria Salmonella, E. coli, and Campylobacter and the protozoa Giardia and
Cryptosporidium all can inhabit the intestinal tract of goats and can be shed in their feces. Goats
that are shedding these enteric microbes can have clinical signs such as diarrhea or fever, or
can appear totally healthy. E. coli are normal (commensal) flora of the intestines of humans and
animals, and while many subtypes are harmless, others, like E. coli O157:H7, can cause
disease by producing a toxin called Shiga toxin.
When enteric microbes are shed in goats’ feces, they can cause infections in other animals and
humans and can contaminate the environment. Thus, it is important to take precautions when
working with goats that are known to be shedding these enteric microbes.
Overview of Enteric Microbe Testing Performed and Results Reported:
Fecal samples collected from goats on your operation were tested for the presence of
Salmonella, Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC), Campylobacter, Giardia, and
Cryptosporidium.
The presence (“Positive”) or absence (“Negative”) of the microbes in the samples are reported
for each goat sampled. For some animals, there may not be enough fecal samples to complete
all the testing. If an insufficient amount of fecal sample was submitted, the column will read
“Insufficient.”
Section 5 Page 17
Enteric Microbe RESULTS:
Individual Goat Results:
Sample
#
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Goat
name/ID
Patty
Alice
Jackie
Willa
Jane
Bonnie
Samantha
Cammie
Jill
Suzy
Mel
678
679
680
681
Jasper
Katie
Fannie
Helen
Lemon
Rascal
Trisha
Vicki
Wendy
Apple
Salmonella
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Positive
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
STEC
E. coli
Negative
Positive
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Positive
Negative
Positive
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Positive
Negative
Positive
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Campylobacter
Giardia
Cryptosporidium
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Insufficient
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Enteric Microbe Results Interpretation
One or more of the goats tested from your operation were positive for Salmonella, Shiga toxinproducing E. coli (STEC), Campylobacter, Giardia, and/or Cryptosporidium in their feces on the
day sampled. You may want to share these results with your veterinarian.
Section 5 Page 18
INTERNAL PARASITE TESTING
PRE-DEWORMING COLLECTION INSTRUCTIONS AND RECORDS
Animal and Plant
Health Inspection
Service
NAHMS Goat 2019
Pre-deworming (Kit A)
Collection Record
National Animal Health
Monitoring System
2150 Centre Ave, Bldg B
Fort Collins, CO 80526
Form Approved
OMB Number 0579-0354
Approval expires:
Veterinary
Services
Kit contents:
25 small Whirl-Pak® bags, lubricant, 2 ice packs, 1 liner bag, 1 medium insulated cooler, and
paperwork that includes submission form, labels, and 1 UPS airbill addressed to LSU in Baton Rouge,
LA. You will need to provide you own gloves. Use clean gloves for each goat.
Collection Instructions
1. Collect samples Sunday-Wednesday. Sample goats that have not been dewormed in the
previous 60 days. We recommend deworming animals at time of collection.
2. The number of samples collected is based on the number of resident goats on the operation. Goats
sampled should represent the goats and kids on the operation in terms of age, sex, breed, and use.
We recommend including goats that the owner believes are likely to have worms. Use the
following chart for determining sample numbers:
Number of Goats on an Operation
1 to 19 goats
20 to 49 goats
50 or more goats
Sample Number
Sample all goats
Sample 20 goats
Sample 25 goats
3. From each goat, collect 5-6 fecal pellets. Collect samples from the rectum when possible. Rectal
retrieval might not be possible on some goats (e.g. preweaned kids), and fresh off the ground
samples are acceptable. On each label, write the goat’s name or ID and attach the label to the
sample bag.
4. Samples must be fresh (not petrified). Do not exclude diarrhea samples.
5. If the sample cannot be associated with a specific goat, write NO INDIV GOAT in column for name
on ID, but complete as much of the other information as possible. However, only identified goats
with a pre-deworming sample submission will be tested post-deworming.
6. If deworming at time of collection, please include the used dewormer tube, label, or insert in the
sample shipping box that is sent to the lab.
7. Cool samples down as soon as possible (in a refrigerator or cooler).
According to the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, an agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to
respond to, a collection of information unless it displays a valid OMB control number. The valid OMB control number for this
information collection is 0579-0354. The time required to complete this information collection is estimated to average 2.0
hours per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining
the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information.
NAHMS-456
JUN 2019
Section 5 Page 19
RECTAL RETRIEVAL
To avoid contamination from common organisms on the ground, rectal retrieval is best. Rectal retrieval
might not be possible on some goats (e.g. preweaned kids), and fresh off the ground samples are
acceptable.
1. Apply lubricating
jelly to the glove
before entering the
rectum.
Lightly stroking
the rectum might
encourage
defecation.
2. Retrieve a
minimum of 5-6
pellets per animal.
3. Place pellets in a Whirl-Pak® bag. On each label, write the goat’s name or ID and attach it on to
the bag.
4. Continue collecting samples from other goats using a clean glove for each.
Collection Record Form Instructions
1. Using a ballpoint pen, record samples on the appropriate lines and complete all information
requested.
2. Send the original white collection form to the lab and leave the yellow copy with the producer. Place
the producer’s yellow collection form copy in the post-deworming kit so that the producer can
reference this copy and match IDs when they collect the post-deworming samples.
Shipping Instructions
1. Ship on Monday-Wednesday. Keep samples cool and ship within 24 hours of collection.
Wednesday collections must be shipped the same day. Do not collect or ship samples Thursday
through Saturday.
2. Place all the samples in the liner bag and tie shut. Place an ice pack on the top and bottom of the
samples. Add filler to box if necessary. Close the insulated cooler box and place the white
collection record on top of the cooler box lid. The yellow copy stays with the producer.
3. Secure the box and ship to LSU, in Baton Rouge, LA, within 24 hours. A shipping airbill is provided
in the kit. Ship only Monday-Wednesday.
NOTE: Remove or black out all extraneous labels on outside of box.
Section 5 Page 20
NAHMS ID #: _________________
Fecal Kit A #: _________________
Primary collector name/phone: ___________________________________
Collection date: __________________
Number of goats on operation: ______
Total sampling time: _____________
Goat Type
Sample #
Goat name or ID
Age
(months
or years)
1=pregnant doe
2=nursing doe
3=preweaned kid
4=weaned kid
5=open doe
6=buck
7=wether
If goat type= 1
or 2 provide
date kidded
or expected
to kid
Breed
[See codes
below]
FAMACHA
score
# of times
dewormed
in last 12
months
[Not
including
today]
Dewormer
used at last
deworming
prior to this
study
[Enter codes
from
reference
card]
Dewormer
used at
time of this
fecal
collection
[Enter codes
from
reference
card]
Body
condition
score
1=thin
2=normal
3=fat
___ mo
OR
___ yr
___ mo
OR
___ yr
___ mo
OR
___ yr
___ mo
OR
___ yr
___ mo
OR
___ yr
___ mo
OR
___ yr
___ mo
OR
___ yr
___ mo
OR
___ yr
___ mo
OR
___ yr
___ mo
OR
___ yr
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Breed Codes:
1=Alpine
4=Cashmere
7=LaMancha
10=Oberhasli
13=Saanen
16=Spanish
2=Angora
5=Fainting goats
8=Nigerian dwarf
11=Pygmy
14=Sable
17=Toggenburg
3=Boer
6=Kiko
9=Nubian
12=Pygora
15=Savannah
18=Crossbred (specify______________)
19=Other (specify _________________)
Section 5 Page 21
NAHMS ID #: _________________
Fecal Kit A #: _________________
Primary collector name/phone: ___________________________________
Sample #
Goat Type
Goat name or ID
Age
(months
or years)
1=pregnant doe
2=nursing doe
3=preweaned kid
4=weaned kid
5=open doe
6=buck
7=wether
If goat type= 1
or 2 provide
date kidded
or expected
to kid
Breed
[See codes
below]
FAMACHA
score
Collection date: __________________
Number of goats on operation: ______
# of times
dewormed
in last 12
months
[Not
including
today]
Dewormer
used at last
deworming
prior to this
study
[Enter codes
from
reference
card]
Dewormer
used at
time of this
fecal
collection
[Enter codes
from
reference
card]
Body
condition
score
1=thin
2=normal
3=fat
___ mo
OR
___ yr
___ mo
OR
___ yr
___ mo
OR
___ yr
___ mo
OR
___ yr
___ mo
OR
___ yr
___ mo
OR
___ yr
___ mo
OR
___ yr
___ mo
OR
___ yr
___ mo
OR
___ yr
___ mo
OR
___ yr
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Breed Codes:
1=Alpine
4=Cashmere
7=LaMancha
10=Oberhasli
13=Saanen
16=Spanish
2=Angora
5=Fainting goats
8=Nigerian dwarf
11=Pygmy
14=Sable
17=Toggenburg
3=Boer
6=Kiko
9=Nubian
12=Pygora
15=Savannah
18=Crossbred (specify______________)
19=Other (specify _________________)
Section 5 Page 22
NAHMS ID #: _________________
Fecal Kit A #: _________________
Primary collector name/phone: ___________________________________
Sample #
Goat Type
Goat name or ID
Age
(months
or years)
1=pregnant doe
2=nursing doe
3=preweaned kid
4=weaned kid
5=open doe
6=buck
7=wether
If goat type= 1
or 2 provide
date kidded
or expected
to kid
Breed
[See codes
below]
FAMACHA
score
Collection date: __________________
Number of goats on operation: ______
# of times
dewormed
in last 12
months
[Not
including
today]
Dewormer
used at last
deworming
prior to this
study
[Enter codes
from
reference
card]
Dewormer
used at
time of this
fecal
collection
[Enter codes
from
reference
card]
Body
condition
score
1=thin
2=normal
3=fat
Continue collection if there are 50 or more does and kids on the operation.
___ mo
OR
___ yr
___ mo
OR
___ yr
___ mo
OR
___ yr
___ mo
OR
___ yr
___ mo
OR
___ yr
21
22
23
24
25
Breed Codes:
1=Alpine
4=Cashmere
7=LaMancha
10=Oberhasli
13=Saanen
16=Spanish
2=Angora
5=Fainting goats
8=Nigerian dwarf
11=Pygmy
14=Sable
17=Toggenburg
3=Boer
6=Kiko
9=Nubian
12=Pygora
15=Savannah
18=Crossbred (specify______________)
19=Other (specify _________________)
Section 5 Page 23
Section 5 Page 24
POST-DEWORMING COLLECTION INSTRUCTIONS AND RECORDS
Animal and Plant
Health Inspection
Service
NAHMS Goat 2019
Post-deworming (Kit B)
Collection Record
National Animal Health
Monitoring System
2150 Centre Ave, Bldg B
Fort Collins, CO 80526
Veterinary
Services
Form Approved
OMB Number 0579-0354
Approval expires:
Kit contents:
25 gloves, 25 small Whirl-Pak® bags, lubricant, 2 ice packs, 1 liner bag, 1 medium insulated cooler, and
paperwork that includes submission form, labels, and UPS airbill addressed to LSU in Baton Rouge,
LA.
Collection Instructions
1. Collect the post-deworming fecal samples Sunday-Wednesday, 10-14 days after deworming.
Select the same goats that were sampled previously, which are listed on the pre-deworming form.
From each goat, collect 5-6 fecal pellets. Use clean gloves for each goat. Collect samples from the
rectum when possible. Be sure to use lubricant and be careful not to damage the rectum. Rectal
retrieval might not be possible on some goats (e.g. preweaned kids), and fresh off the
ground samples are acceptable. On each label, write the goat’s name or ID, and attach the label
to the sample bag.
2. Samples must be fresh (not petrified). Do not exclude diarrhea samples. Goats sampled should
match the goats on the pre-deworming form.
3. Cool samples down as soon as possible (in a refrigerator or cooler).
RECTAL RETRIEVAL
To avoid contamination from common organisms on the ground, rectal retrieval is best. Rectal retrieval
might not be possible on some goats (e.g. preweaned kids), and fresh off the ground samples are
acceptable.
1. Apply lubricating
jelly to the glove
before entering the
rectum.
Lightly stroking
the rectum might
encourage
defecation.
2. Retrieve a
minimum of 5-6
pellets per animal.
3. Place pellets in a Whirl-Pak® bag. On each label, write the goat’s name or ID and attach it on to
the bag.
4. Continue collecting samples from other goats using a clean glove for each.
According to the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, an agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to
respond to, a collection of information unless it displays a valid OMB control number. The valid OMB control number for this
information collection is 0579-0354. The time required to complete this information collection is estimated to average 2.0
hours per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining
the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information.
Collection Record Form Instructions
NAHMS-457
JUN 2019
Section 5 Page 25
1. Using a ballpoint pen, record samples on the appropriate lines and complete all information
requested. Refer to the yellow pre-deworming collection form, and list the goat name or ID in the
same order.
2. Send the white copy to the lab. The yellow copy stays with you, the producer, for your records.
Shipping Instructions
1. Ship on Monday-Wednesday. Keep samples cool (refrigerate samples) and ship within 24 hours of
collection. Wednesday collections must be shipped the same day.
2. Place all the samples in the liner bag and tie shut. Place an ice pack on the top and bottom of the
samples. Add filler to box if necessary. Close the insulated cooler box and place the white
collection record on top of the cooler box lid. The yellow copy stays with you, the Producer.
3. Secure the box and ship to LSU, in Baton Rouge, LA, within 24 hours. A shipping airbill is provided
in the kit. Ship only Monday-Wednesday.
NOTE: Remove or black out all extraneous labels on outside of box.
Section 5 Page 26
Sample # (same as Kit A)
NAHMS ID #: _________________
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Goat name or ID
(same as Kit A)
Fecal Kit B #: _________________
Age
(months
or years)
Collection date: ________________
Goat Type
Conditions in
past 30 days
Grazing History*
Browsing History**
1= pregnant doe
2=nursing doe
3=preweaned kid
4=weaned kid
5=open doe
6=buck
7=wether
1=Diarrhea
2=Weight loss
3=Poor hair coat
4=Anemic (based
on FAMACHA)
5=Other (specify)
1= Previous 30 days, grazing at
all times
2= Previous 30 days, grazing
periodically
3=No grazing in previous 30 days,
but grazing in prior 12 months
4= No grazing in previous 12
months
1= Previous 30 days, browsing at all
times
2= Previous 30 days, browsing
periodically
3=No browsing in previous 30 days,
but browsing in prior 12 months
4= No browsing in previous 12
months
[list all that apply]
___ mo OR
___ yr
___ mo OR
___ yr
___ mo OR
___ yr
___ mo OR
___ yr
___ mo OR
___ yr
___ mo OR
___ yr
___ mo OR
___ yr
___ mo OR
___ yr
___ mo OR
___ yr
___ mo OR
___ yr
*Grazing refers to feeding on grass or other low vegetation
**Browsing refers to feeding on leaves, soft shoots, or fruits of high-growing, generally woody, plants such as shrubs
Section 5 Page 27
Sample # (same as Kit A)
NAHMS ID #: _________________
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Goat name or ID
(same as Kit A)
Fecal Kit B #: _________________
Age
(months
or years)
Collection date: ________________
Goat Type
Conditions in
past 30 days
Grazing History*
Browsing History**
1= pregnant doe
2=nursing doe
3=preweaned kid
4=weaned kid
5=open doe
6=buck
7=wether
1=Diarrhea
2=Weight loss
3=Poor hair coat
4=Anemic (based
on FAMACHA)
5=Other (specify)
1= Previous 30 days, grazing at
all times
2= Previous 30 days, grazing
periodically
3=No grazing in previous 30 days,
but grazing in prior 12 months
4= No grazing in previous 12
months
1= Previous 30 days, browsing at all
times
2= Previous 30 days, browsing
periodically
3=No browsing in previous 30 days,
but browsing in prior 12 months
4= No browsing in previous 12
months
[list all that apply]
___ mo OR
___ yr
___ mo OR
___ yr
___ mo OR
___ yr
___ mo OR
___ yr
___ mo OR
___ yr
___ mo OR
___ yr
___ mo OR
___ yr
___ mo OR
___ yr
___ mo OR
___ yr
___ mo OR
___ yr
*Grazing refers to feeding on grass or other low vegetation
**Browsing refers to feeding on leaves, soft shoots, or fruits of high-growing, generally woody, plants such as shrubs
Section 5 Page 28
Sample # (same as Kit A)
NAHMS ID #: _________________
21
22
23
24
25
Goat name or ID
(same as Kit A)
Fecal Kit B #: _________________
Age
(months
or years)
Collection date: ________________
Goat Type
Conditions in
past 30 days
Grazing History*
Browsing History**
1= pregnant doe
2=nursing doe
3=preweaned kid
4=weaned kid
5=open doe
6=buck
7=wether
1=Diarrhea
2=Weight loss
3=Poor hair coat
4=Anemic (based
on FAMACHA)
5=Other (specify)
1= Previous 30 days, grazing at
all times
2= Previous 30 days, grazing
periodically
3=No grazing in previous 30 days,
but grazing in prior 12 months
4= No grazing in previous 12
months
1= Previous 30 days, browsing at all
times
2= Previous 30 days, browsing
periodically
3=No browsing in previous 30 days,
but browsing in prior 12 months
4= No browsing in previous 12
months
[list all that apply]
___ mo OR
___ yr
___ mo OR
___ yr
___ mo OR
___ yr
___ mo OR
___ yr
___ mo OR
___ yr
*Grazing refers to feeding on grass or other low vegetation
**Browsing refers to feeding on leaves, soft shoots, or fruits of high-growing, generally woody, plants such as shrubs
Section 5 Page 29
Section 5 Page 30
INTERNAL PARASITE ITEMS OF NOTE
1. Use a clean glove and lubricant for each animal. Rectal retrieval is best, but ground
samples are acceptable if necessary (e.g. preweaned goats). The lubricant used in
Kit A should be placed in Kit B after sampling.
2. Deworming should occur after the VS collection of Kit A samples, or in the next 24
hours after collection. We recommend VS help the producers deworm animals at
the time of collection to ensure that deworming is done correctly. Please write any
notes on the collection record if there are any issues with deworming.
3. Although Kit A is a VS-collected kit, there are exceptions to this rule. Producers
can collect Kit A samples if:
a. The goats have recently been dewormed (dewormed in the previous 60
days).
b. The producer does not want to deworm during or soon after the VS Visit.
c. The goats do not have enough fecal samples available for sample
submission.
4. If Kit A will be collected by the producer at a later time, VS still has the following
responsibilities:
a. Open Kit A and Kit B.
b. Go over the collection and shipping instructions in Kit A. The instructions in
Kit A and Kit B are similar.
c. On the Kit A Collection Record, fill out the NAHMS ID, kit number, and
number of goats on the operation. In blank that says “primary collector
name/phone number”, please write “PRODUCER COLLECTED.” The
Producer should not write their name or phone number in this blank.
If the producer is not trained in FAMACHA scoring, please write N/A in this
column on collection record.
d. On the Kit B Collection Record, fill out the NAHMS ID and kit number.
Instruct the Producer that the goat name/ID column and sample number
needs to match the Kit A collection record.
e. Instruct the Producer that Kit A collection must be completed by December
6th, 2019.
f. Instruct the Producer to deworm after Kit A collection. Deworming can
occur immediately after the collection of Kit A samples, or within the next
24 hours after collection.
g. Instruct the producer to collect Kit B fecal samples 10-14 days after
deworming.
5. The Producer will need to Collect Kit B samples. To help with Kit B collection, VS
should:
a. Open Kit B for the Producer.
b. Go over the collection and shipping instructions in Kit B.
c. Fill out the NAHMS ID, kit number, and goat name/ID (based on Kit A
samples)
Section 5 Page 31
d. Instruct the Producer to collect Kit B fecal samples 10-14 days after
deworming.
6. FAMACHA© card training: In order to fill out the “FAMACHA© Score” column in the
Kit A Collection Record, the collector needs to be trained in FAMACHA© scoring
using a FAMACHA© card. FAMACHA© cards are available to those veterinarians
and animals health care professionals that watch the training video provided during
the VS biologics training session.
a. The 30 minute video called “How and Why to do FAMACHA© Scoring” can
be found at the following links: https://web.uri.edu/sheepngoat/video/
b. A PDF on FAMACHA© certifications (“Why and How To Do FAMACHA©
Scoring”) can be found in this section and a link to the pdf can be found
here: https://web.uri.edu/sheepngoat/files/FAMACHA-Scoring_Final2.pdf
c. If the collector for Kit A does not have a FAMACHA© card training at the time
of collection, please write in N/A for the FAMACHA© score column on the Kit
A Collection Record.
7. Please use the Anthelmintic Reference Card, found with the Kit A paperwork, to
record the “dewormers used” on the Kit A Collection Record. The reference cards
can be found in the reference card tab in this manual. This reference card is the
same as the one used to answer the VS questionnaire anthelmintic questions. In
addition to filling out the “dewormer used” columns in the collection record, please
include the empty tube or label of the anthelmintic with the Kit A samples, if
possible.
8. A Producer report with the fecal egg counts (FECs) and the fecal egg count
reduction test (FECRT) percentage will be sent to Coordinators for distribution
within 3 months of collection. An example of the Internal Parasite Report can be
found in this section.
Section 5 Page 32
FAMACHA© SCORING
Why and How To Do FAMACHA© Scoring
Use of the FAMACHA© system allows small ruminant producers to make deworming decisions
based on an estimate of the the level of anemia in sheep and goats associated with barber pole
worm (Haemonchus contortus) infection.
Figure 1. Barber pole worm
(Haemonchus contortus)
The barber pole worm (Figure 1) is the most economically
important parasite affecting sheep and goat production on
pasture and the most common cause of anemia during the
grazing season in most of the U.S. It has a small “tooth” that
lacerates the animal’s stomach (abomasum) wall, and it feeds
on the blood that is released. This can result in anemia,
(reduction below normal in the number of red cells in the
blood) and in severe cases, death.
The FAMACHA© card, developed in South Africa, was
introduced to the U.S. by the American Consortium for Small
Ruminant Parasite Control (www.acsrpc.org). It is a tool that
matches the color of the eye mucous membranes of small
ruminants with a laminated color chart showing 5 color
categories that correspond to different levels of anemia.
Category 1 represents “not anemic” with category 5
representing “severely anemic.”
The FAMACHA© system uses the scores determined with
the card to identify and selectively deworm sheep and goats
with anemia. Selective deworming minimizes drug use and
slows the development of drug resistant GIN parasites. It can
also aid in selective breeding decisions by identifying those
animals that are most susceptible to barber pole worm
infection.
•
•
•
•
1
2
3
4
Figure 2. FAMACHA© card.
www.acsrpc.org
Precautions
FAMACHA is only applicable where the barber pole worm (H. contortus) is the main GIN
parasite causing clinical disease.
Redness of the ocular membranes can be caused by eye disease, environmental irritants, and
systemic disease. Though they are uncommon, these conditions can mask anemia.
Other causes of anemia exist, but they are uncommon compared to barber pole worm infection
during the grazing season.
An elevated FAMACHA© score is not the only reason to deworm an animal. GIN can play a
role in other signs of disease including:
©
o
o
o
o
o
Diarrhea
Bottle jaw
Poor body condition
Dull hair coat or abnormal fleece
Exercise or heat intolerance
Section 5 Page 33
5
•
•
General guidelines for using the FAMACHA© card
Always check eyes outside in direct, natural light. If options are limited due to handling
needs, an area of the barn where natural light enters directly in the morning or afternoon
(such as a door or window) is acceptable. When scoring, there does not need to be bright
sunshine, but it should be performed in full daylight.
Always use the card when scoring your animals and do not try to score from memory of the
colors.
How to examine your animals with the FAMACHA© card:
• Proper FAMACHA© scoring technique includes exposing the lower eye mucous membranes
and matching them to the equivalent color on the FAMACHA© card (Figure 3). COVER,
PUSH, PULL, POP is a 4-step process describing the proper technique.
1. COVER the eye by rolling the upper
eyelid down over the eyeball.
2. PUSH down on the eyeball. An
easy way to tell if you are using
enough pressure is that you should
see that the eyelashes of the upper
eyelid are curling up over your
thumb.
3. PULL down the lower eyelid.
Figure 3. FAMACHA© scoring a goat. The lower eye mucous
membranes are exposed and compared to the colors on the
FAMACHA© card to estimate the level of anemia. Use the COVER,
PUSH, PULL, POP! method described above.
4. POP! The mucous membranes will
pop into view. Make sure that you
do not score the inner surface of the
lower eyelid, but rather score the bed
of mucous membranes.
•
Match the color of the pinkest portion of the mucous membranes to the FAMACHA© card.
•
Make sure that you do not shade the eye with your body.
•
Be quick – make your decision and move on. The longer the mucous membranes are
exposed, the redder they get. Go with your first impression.
•
Repeat the process and score the other eye because it may be different. Use the higher score
and err on the side of caution.
•
There are no half numbers!
Section 5 Page 34
Interpreting the FAMACHA© results
Animals in FAMACHA© category 4 & 5:
• Always deworm sheep & goats in categories 4 & 5.
Animals in FAMACHA© category 1 & 2:
• Don’t deworm 1’s & 2’s unless there is other evidence of parasitic disease such as the
presence of diarrhea, poor body condition, dull hair coat or abnormal fleece.
Animals in FAMACHA© category 3:
• Consider deworming if:
o >10% of flock/herd scores a 4 or 5.
o Lambs and kids (usually recommended).
o Pregnant or lactating ewes/does (usually recommended).
o Animals in poor body condition.
o Concerned about an animal’s general health and well being, for example, if an animal is
in poor body condition, or suffering from another disease.
o Always err on the side of caution.
How often do I monitor?
If <10% of herd/flock scores in categories 4 or 5:
• Every 2 weeks during the grazing season. Susceptible animals can go downhill rapidly when
worm numbers are high (warm, moist conditions / summer months).
•
During spring and fall, when
temperatures are cooler and the barber
pole worm may be less active, this
interval could be extended to 3-4 weeks.
•
During winter the interval can be
extended, but remember that ewes/does
may develop problems with the barber
pole worm when lambing/kidding
coincides with arrested parasites
resuming development, and they should
be checked more often.
If >10% of flock/herd scores in categories 4 or 5:
• Recheck weekly
• Treat all 3’s
• Change pastures (if possible)
Anemic animals recover most quickly if they are removed from heavily infected pasture. If animals
are dewormed and turned back out on the same pasture that first led to disease, they may take an
extended period to return to a score of 1 or 2 since they will continue to be re-infected by the larva on
pasture. It is okay to re-treat those animals based on FAMACHA© score.
Section 5 Page 35
Maintaining the FAMACHA© card
• Store in dark place when not in use because the card will fade with time.
• Replace card after 12 to 24 months of use (varies depending upon use and storage
conditions).
• Keep a spare card in a location protected from light (compare with the card in use).
• Training is required to gain the initial card. Contact your veterinarian, your local
Cooperative Extension small ruminant specialist or the American Consortium for Small
Ruminant Parasite Control (www.acsrpc.org) for more information including available
workshops. As part of a Northeast SARE grant, the University of Rhode Island is offering an
online training program for FAMACHA© certification. Visit our website for more
information and detailed instructions, http://web.uri.edu/sheepngoat/famacha/.
Replacement cards can be obtained through the University of Georgia ([email protected]),
your veterinarian or your FAMACHA© trainer.
Recordkeeping
Keep records of FAMACHA© scores and other parasite monitoring performed on your animals
each year. FAMACHA© cards come with a recordkeeping template, or view our project
recordkeeping sheets available on our website.
For more information, including our demonstration video on FAMACHA© scoring and our
online training program for FAMACHA© certification, visit our website:
http://web.uri.edu/sheepngoat. The video can also be viewed directly from the URI YouTube
channel page (UniversityOfRI): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I5rcuvVG56Q.
Program contact: Katherine Petersson, Ph.D., Associate Professor
Dept. Fisheries, Animal & Veterinary Sciences, University of Rhode Island
Phone: 401-874-2951; Email: [email protected]
This information sheet was developed by Anne Zajac, DVM, Ph.D. Parasitologist, Virginia-Maryland Regional College
of Veterinary Medicine / Virginia Tech; Katherine Petersson, Ph.D, Animal Scientist, Dept. Fisheries, Animal and
Veterinary Sciences, and Holly Burdett, Cooperative Extension, College of the Environment and Life Sciences,
University of Rhode Island.
This material is based on funding from the Northeast Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program Project
LNE10-300, which is supported by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture. This
work is also based on funding from the Rhode Island Agricultural Experiment Station (RI00H-900-INT). This is contribution
number 5413 of the College of the Environment and Life Sciences, University of Rhode Island. October 2014, updated April
2016. URI provides equal program opportunity.
Section 5 Page 36
PRODUCER REPORT EXAMPLE FOR INTERNAL PARASITE TESTING
National Animal Health Monitoring System
(NAHMS) Internal Parasite Report
Date of report: 11/1/2019
Parasite test results for NAHMS ID: 99999
Dear Participant,
Thank you for participating in the parasite portion of the NAHMS Goat 2019 Study. This report
contains the results of the internal parasite testing performed on the goats at your operation.
Consider sharing these results with your veterinarian so that they can assist you in determining
if you a need to modify your deworming protocols.
If you have questions about the accuracy of your results, please contact Dr. Alyson Wiedenheft,
the NAHMS biologics coordinator, at (970) 494-7290 or [email protected].
Overview of Parasite Testing:
Control of internal parasite infection in goats is considered an essential aspect of routine
management. Internal parasite control is based both on good husbandry and the use of
anthelmintics. The first step in an effective deworming program is to determine the level of
infection and the type of internal parasites on the goat operation. Trichostrongyles (a family of
stomach worms, including Haemonchus contortus- the “Barber Pole Worm”) are considered the
most important internal parasites in goats industry. Specifically, Haemonchus contortus
infections are especially dangerous to goats.
Fecal Egg Count (FEC), Egg Culture, and Interpretation:
These results describe a baseline (pre-deworming) and post-treatment (post-deworming) fecal
egg count (FEC) for trichostrongyles reported as eggs per gram (EPG) at the animal level. An
FEC is calculated for each individual animal, and is used to estimate the parasitic load. For this
study, a low FEC is considered to be less than 300 EPG, a moderate FEC is between 300-1000
EPG, and a high FEC is greater than 1000 EPG. The pre-deworming samples were also
cultured to differentiate the trichostrongyles eggs.
Fecal Egg Count Reduction Test (FECRT) and Interpretation:
A reliable method for determining the efficacy of anthelmintics on internal worm parasites in
goats is the fecal egg count reduction test (FECRT). The FECRT given in this report is
calculated at the operation level by comparing the average of all the goats on the operation with
a moderate or high pre-deworming FEC and with their average post-deworming FEC. The
calculated FECRT percentage reflects the effectiveness of the dewormer used at your
operation.
Section 5 Page 37
TRICHOSTRONGYLE RESULTS:
Individual Goats Results:
Sample
#
Goat
name/ID
Baseline FEC
(EPG)
1
Patty
0
2
Alice
5
3
Jackie
1000
4
Willa
2490
5
Jane
1435
6
Bonnie
5
7
Samantha
8
Baseline Culture
NA
Post treatment
FEC (EPG)
0
0
Haemonchus
contortus
Haemonchus
contortus
Haemonchus
contortus
Haemonchus
contortus
Haemonchus
contortus
NA
0
Cammie
0
NA
0
9
Jill
0
10
Suzy
5
11
Mel
2004
12
Jasper
0
13
Katie
1035
14
Fannie
5
15
Helen
16
NA
Haemonchus
contortus
NA
NA
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Haemonchus
contortus
Haemonchus
contortus
NA
0
Lemon
0
NA
0
17
Rascal
0
NA
0
18
Trisha
5
19
Vicki
10
20
Wendy
0
Haemonchus
contortus
Haemonchus
contortus
NA
21
Apple
0
NA
0
0
0
0
0
0
Dewormer
used
Ivermectin
Paste 1.87%
Ivermectin
Paste 1.87%
Ivermectin
Paste 1.87%
Ivermectin
Paste 1.87%
Ivermectin
Paste 1.87%
Ivermectin
Paste 1.87%
Ivermectin
Paste 1.87%
Ivermectin
Paste 1.87%
Ivermectin
Paste 1.87%
Ivermectin
Paste 1.87%
Ivermectin
Paste 1.87%
Ivermectin
Paste 1.87%
Ivermectin
Paste 1.87%
Ivermectin
Paste 1.87%
Ivermectin
Paste 1.87%
Ivermectin
Paste 1.87%
Ivermectin
Paste 1.87%
Ivermectin
Paste 1.87%
Ivermectin
Paste 1.87%
Ivermectin
Paste 1.87%
Ivermectin
Paste 1.87%
Section 5 Page 38
Operation Results:
Pre- and post-deworming FEC results were used to calculate your operation level FECRT
percentage.
Trichostrongyles FECRT: 100%
FECRT Interpretation Deworming using the product listed was effective in reducing
trichostrongyles egg counts based on fecal egg count reduction test results across all the
tested goats from which samples were submitted.
Section 5 Page 39
Section 5 Page 40
BLOOD AND SWAB SAMPLES
COLLECTION INSTRUCTIONS AND RECORDS
Animal and
Plant Health
Inspection
Service
NAHMS Goat 2019
Blood & Swab Sample
Collection Record
National Animal Health
Monitoring System
2150 Centre Ave, Bldg B
Fort Collins, CO 80526
Form Approved
OMB Number 0579-0354
Approval expires:
Veterinary
Services
Sample Collection Overview
The blood samples collected in the purple-top tubes will undergo genetic testing to look for genes that are
known to be resistant to scrapie. Scrapie resistance results will be sent to all participants. The samples
collected in the red-top serum separator tubes will be used to create a goat serum bank. The serum bank
will be used for research that will benefit the goat industry. Does that have blood samples collected in the
red-top tubes can also have nasal and vaginal swab samples collected. Nasal swabs will be tested for the
bacterium Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae and these results will be sent to all participants. Vaginal swabs will
be tested for the bacterium that causes Q fever, Coxiella burnetii. These results will not be returned to
participants.
Samples can be collected any day of the week, but samples can only be shipped MondayWednesday. Keep samples cool in a refrigerator until the next shipping day. If possible, serum samples
should be spun down once clotted.
Kit Contents
This kit contains supplies for blood collection, nasal swabs, and vaginal swabs. Please remove any
extra or unused supplies before shipping samples.
15, 10-ml purple-top tubes in a tube divider box
25, 10-ml red-top, serum separator tubes in a tube divider box
40, 18-gauge vacutainer needles
3 vacutainer holders
25 nasal swabs and 25 Mycoplasma enrichment broth tubes in a tube divider box
15 vaginal swabs and culture tubes (Culture Swab™)
4 liner bags, 2 ice packs, 3 absorbent pads
Sarstedt marker for tube labeling
Ballpoint pen for filling out the Collection Record
1 medium insulated box
Paperwork including Collection Record, labels, and 1 UPS airbill addressed to NVSL
According to the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, an agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to
respond to, a collection of information unless it displays a valid OMB control number. The valid OMB control number for this
information collection is 0579-0354. The time required to complete this information collection is estimated to average 2.5
hours per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining
the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information.
NAHMS-458
JUN 2019
Section 5 Page 41
Blood Collection Instructions
Purple-Top Tubes
Sample a maximum of 15 goats that are at least 15 months of age. Does can be pregnant if the Producer is
comfortable with the sampling. Take samples from no more than 5 unrelated bucks and 5 unrelated does of
1 breed. If more than one breed is present on the operation, you may submit additional samples from
unrelated does or bucks of the other breed(s) for a maximum of 15 samples per farm.
Use the preprinted labels numbered 1a through 15a to label the purple-top tube samples. Using the
Sarstedt marker, write the goat name/ID on the label. Fill 1 purple-top tube per goat sampled using the
provided needles and vacutainer holder. If you prefer syringes or different length needle, you will need to
provide your own.
Please place tubes in the tube divider boxes in numeric order.
Red-Top Tubes (Serum Separator Tubes)
Collect from does that are at least 15 months of age. Does can be pregnant if the Producer is comfortable
with the sampling. Sample a maximum of 25 does:
Number of Does on an Operation
1 to 19 does
20 to 49 does
50 or more does
Sample Number
Sample all does
Sample 20 does
Sample 25 does
Use one set of the preprinted triplicate labels numbered 1b through 25b to label the red-top tube
samples. The red-top blood tubes, the nasal tubes, and the vaginal tubes will all use the labels numbered
1b through 25b and the sample number will be the same for each. You may sample does that were
previously sampled for a purple-top tube. Using the Sarstedt marker, write the goat name/ID on the label.
Fill 1 red-top tube per doe using the provided needles and holder. If you prefer syringes or different length
needle, you will need to provide your own.
The lab will appreciate it if you can let the samples in the red-top tubes clot and then spin them down.
Please place tubes in the tube divider boxes in numeric order.
Nasal Swab Instructions
Collect one nasal swab sample from each doe that had a red-top tube collected. The sample
numbers and goats need to match the samples from the red-top blood tubes.
Insert the swab gently and deep into each nostril. Swabs can go 4 to 5 inches deep. Insert the same swab
into each nostril. Discard the swab and use a new one if the swab is dropped on the ground.
Place the swab in the broth, break off the swab at the notch so that it can be left in the media. Secure the
tube lid ensuring that it is on straight to prevent any leaking. Use the preprinted triplicate labels numbered
1b through 25b to label each broth enrichment tube. Using the Sarstedt marker, write the Goat name/ID
on the label. Be sure the sample numbers and goat names on the labels match sample numbers and goat
names on the red-top blood tubes.
Please place the broth tube samples (with secured lids) in the tube divider box in numeric order.
Section 5 Page 42
Vaginal Swab Instructions
Collect one vaginal swab from up to 15 does that had a red-top blood tube collected. The sample numbers
and goat names need to match the samples on the red-top blood tubes.
Insert the dry cotton swab gently into the vagina by spreading the vulvar lips. The swab wand should be
inserted at least half way into the vagina and rotated 180 degrees 4 to 5 times. Next, insert the swab into
the culture tube and secure the lid. Use the preprinted triplicate labels numbered 1b through 15b to label
each culture tube. Using the Sarstedt marker, write the goat name/ID on the label. Be sure the sample
numbers and goat names on the labels match sample numbers and goat names on the red-top blood
tubes.
Place the culture tube samples in a liner bag and tie shut.
Collection Record Form Instructions
Match the label number on the tube to the appropriate lines on the collection form. Using a ballpoint pen,
complete all information requested. Send the white and yellow copy to the lab and leave the pink copy
with the Producer.
Shipping
Keep blood and swab samples cool.
Place both blood boxes, one absorbent pad, and both ice packs inside a liner bag, express air and tie
shut.
Place the nasal broth boxed samples inside a liner bag with one absorbent pad, express air, and tie shut.
Double bag the nasal broth by placing the samples in a second liner bag, and tie shut.
Place the bag of vaginal culture tubes inside a second liner bag (double bagging the samples) with one
absorbent pad, express air, and tie shut.
Place all the bagged samples inside the insulated shipping box.
Place the white and yellow copy of the collection record on top of the insulated box. Leave the pink
copy with the producer.
Secure box and ship to NVSL within 24 hours. Ship only Monday-Wednesday.
.
NOTE: Remove or black out all extraneous labels on outside of box.
Section 5 Page 43
Blood (Purple-Top Tubes) Collection Record
Sample a maximum of 15 goats that are at least 15 months of age. Take samples from no more than 5
unrelated bucks and 5 unrelated does. If more than one breed is present on the operation, you may
submit additional samples from unrelated does or bucks of the other breed(s).
NAHMS ID:
Date:
6 digits
Label
number
Kit #:
mm/dd/yy
Goat ID
Printed on labels
Age
(years)
Total doe
inventory
TODAY:
Goat Gender
1=Doe
2= Buck
Total buck
inventory
TODAY:
Breed
[See breed codes below]
1a
2a
3a
4a
5a
6a
7a
8a
9a
10a
11a
Continue collection if more than one breed is present on the operation.
12a
13a
14a
15a
Breed Codes:
1=Alpine
6=Kiko
11=Pygmy
16=Spanish
2=Angora
7=LaMancha
12=Pygora
17=Toggenburg
3=Boer
8=Nigerian dwarf
13=Saanen
18=Crossbred (specify______________)
4=Cashmere
9=Nubian
14=Sable
19=Other (specify _________________)
5=Fainting goats
10=Oberhasli
15=Savannah
Section 5 Page 44
Serum (Red-Top Tubes) and Swab Collection Record
For does at least 15 months of age:
NAHMS ID:
Date:
6 digits
Kit #:
mm/dd/yy
Printed on labels
Total doe
inventory
TODAY:
Clinical History:
Label
number
Doe ID
Age
(years)
Breed
[See
breed
codes
below]
Doe status
1=Nursing
2=Pregnant
3=Open
1=Abortion in
previous 12 months
2=Runny nose
3=Thin
4=Diarrhea
5=Other
[List all that apply]
Comment
or specify
other
clinical
history
Nasal
Swab
Collected?
Place a
checkmark
for YES
1b
Vaginal
Swab
Collected?
[Only 15
samples]
Place a
checkmark
for YES
2b
3b
4b
5b
6b
7b
8b
9b
10b
11b
12b
13b
14b
15b
Breed Codes:
1=Alpine
6=Kiko
11=Pygmy
16=Spanish
2=Angora
7=LaMancha
12=Pygora
17=Toggenburg
3=Boer
8=Nigerian dwarf
13=Saanen
18=Crossbred (specify______________)
4=Cashmere
9=Nubian
14=Sable
19=Other (specify _________________)
5=Fainting goats
10=Oberhasli
15=Savannah
Section 5 Page 45
Serum (Red-Top Tubes) and Swab Collection Record
Clinical History:
Label
number
Doe ID
Doe status
Breed
[See breed
1=Nursing
codes
(years)
2=Pregnant
below]
3=Open
Age
1=Abortion in
previous 12 months
2=Runny nose
3=Thin
4=Diarrhea
5=Other
[List all that apply.]
Comment
or specify
other
clinical
signs
Nasal
Swab
Collected?
Place a
checkmark
for YES
16b
Vaginal
Swab
Collected?
[Only 15
samples]
Place a
checkmark
for YES
17b
18b
19b
20b
Continue collection if there are 50 or more does on the operation.
21b
22b
23b
24b
25b
How many people in each category helped with the collection of the blood and swab samples?
_____ Fed VMO
_____ State government
_____ Fed AHT
_____ Producer
_____ Other (specify: _______________________________)
Total sample time: _______ hours
Primary collector name and phone: ____________________________________________________________
Breed Codes:
1=Alpine
6=Kiko
11=Pygmy
16=Spanish
2=Angora
7=LaMancha
12=Pygora
17=Toggenburg
3=Boer
8=Nigerian dwarf
13=Saanen
18=Crossbred (specify______________)
4=Cashmere
9=Nubian
14=Sable
19=Other (specify _________________)
5=Fainting goats
10=Oberhasli
15=Savannah
Section 5 Page 46
BLOOD AND SWAB COLLECTION ITEMS OF NOTE
1. Please review the sampling guidelines for each biologic sample for this kit. Also,
please follow the collection instructions provided in the collection record for each
biologic sample collected. Here is a summary of those sampling instructions:
a. Blood (purple-top) collection
• Sample from 5 unrelated does and 5 unrelated bucks at least 15 months
of age of one breed
• If more than one breed is present, an additional 5 samples can be taken
from unrelated does and bucks at least 15 months of age from other
breeds.
• Maximum 15 samples/operation
b. Serum (red-top) collection
• Sample from does at least 15 months of age
o If fewer than 20 does on the operation, sample all does on the
operation
o If 20-49 does on the operation, sample 20 does on the operation
o If 50 or more does on the operation, sample 25 does on the
operation
c. Nasal Swab
• Sample from same does as serum (red-top) collection
d. Vaginal swab
• Sample from a subset of the does that had serum (red-top) collection
• Sample from only 15 does
2. Only does that have serum (red-top) collection will have the option to have the nasal
or vaginal swab collection.
3. Since culture is highly insensitive for M. ovipneumoniae, detection of the bacterium
will be performed by isolating total genomic DNA from the sample and then using
PCR and sequencing, or qPCR.
4. Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae (M. ovipneumoniae, M. ovi) can be a sensitive topic for
Producers. In the western U.S., bighorn sheep populations have experienced
severe and drastic population losses (up to 75-95%) due to outbreaks of
pneumonia, in some cases following interaction with domestic sheep and goats.
Currently, these outbreaks are being attributed to the bacterium M. ovi. Some
producers may be aware of this bacterium and may be hesitant to collect samples
because they do not want to be labeled as having M. ovi on their operation. Before
collecting nasal samples please be sure to assure the producer their samples and
results will be kept confidential.
Section 5 Page 47
5. Producer reports with Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae results and scrapie resistance
testing results will be sent to Coordinators in a sealed envelope for distribution
within 3 months of collection. Examples of the Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae report
and the Scrapie Genetic Resistance Report can be found on the following pages.
Section 5 Page 48
PRODUCER REPORT EXAMPLE FOR Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae TESTING
National Animal Health Monitoring System
(NAHMS) Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae Report
Date of report: 11/1/2019
Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae test results for NAHMS ID: 99999
Date of sample collection: 10/1/2019
Dear participant,
Thank you for participating in the Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae (M. ovipneumoniae) testing
portion of the NAHMS Goat 2019 Study. This report contains results of the M. ovipneumoniae
testing performed on goats at your operation. Please consider sharing these results with your
veterinarian.
If you have questions about the accuracy of your results, please contact Dr. Alyson Wiedenheft,
the NAHMS biologics coordinator, at (970) 494-7290 or [email protected].
Background on Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae:
M. ovipneumoniae is a bacterium that colonizes the respiratory tract. By itself, M.
ovipneumoniae is not a deadly bacterium. However, in some hosts, it will proliferate along the
respiratory tract (nasal cavity, trachea, and lungs), resulting in compromised clearance of mucus
and other bacteria that may be drawn into the lungs with inhalation. These opportunistic
pathogens can lead to clinical pneumonia, and even death, when clearance is impaired.
Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae Testing and Results:
Nasal swabs were used to collect samples from does on your operation. These samples were
tested for M. ovipneumoniae. Testing identifies the presence of the bacterium’s DNA, which is
interpreted to mean the bacterium is present. The results of the testing are listed on the
following page. A positive result indicates that M. ovipneumoniae was detected, but it does not
mean your doe has pneumonia, nor does it mean she will develop pneumonia. It is common for
clinically healthy goats to carry bacteria and viruses that can produce pneumonia. Pneumonia is
a complicated, multifactorial process that involves the host and the environment, as well as a
number of pathogens. Pathogens that can cause pneumonia, such as M. ovipneumoniae and
other bacteria and viruses, can be carried by clinically healthy goats.
Section 5 Page 49
Individual Goat Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae Test Results:
Sample #
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Goats name/ID
Patty
Alice
Jackie
Willa
Jane
Bonnie
Samantha
Cammie
Jill
Suzy
Mel
Jasper
Katie
Fannie
Helen
Lemon
Rascal
Trisha
Vicki
Wendy
Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae Results Interpretation:
None of the does tested on your operation tested positive for Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae.
Section 5 Page 50
PRODUCER REPORT EXAMPLE FOR SCRAPIE GENETIC RESISTANCE TESTING
National Animal Health Monitoring System
(NAHMS) Scrapie Genetic Resistance Report
Date of report: 11/1/2019
Scrapie genetic resistance test results for NAHMS ID: 999999
Date of sample collection: 10/1/2019
Dear participant,
Thank you for participating in the scrapie genetic resistance testing portion of the NAHMS Goat
2019 Study. This report contains results of the scrapie genetic resistance testing performed on
goats at your operation. Please consider sharing these results with your veterinarian.
If you have questions about the accuracy of your results, please contact Dr. Alyson Wiedenheft,
the NAHMS biologics coordinator, at (970) 494-7290 or [email protected].
Background on Scrapie:
Classical scrapie is an infectious degenerative disease affecting the central nervous system of
sheep and goats and is believed to always be fatal. Scrapie is caused by an infection with a
disease-causing agent known as a prion. Prions form abnormal protein deposits in the central
nervous system, which disrupt the normal nervous system structure resulting in progressive
neurological degeneration. The earliest clinical sign of classical scrapie is often subtle changes
in behavior, which may be followed by scratching against fixed objects, loss of coordination,
weight loss despite retention of appetite, biting of own feet and limbs, lip smacking, or gait
abnormalities or a combination of these. Loss of coordination is the most common sign
reported.
Scrapie can be transmitted from infected does during or following kidding when herd mates or
newborn kids ingest the infected placenta, birthing fluids or contaminated bedding. Once
infected, the animal remains infected for life.
Genetic Resistance Testing and Reported Results:
Blood samples collected from goats on your operation were tested for the presence of the two
alleles (alternative forms of the same gene) that appear to make goats more resistant to
classical scrapie, Serine-146 (S146) and Lysine-222 (K222). S146 is the protective variant of
the normal gene Asparagine-146 (N146). K222 is the protective variant of the normal gene
Glutamine-222 (Q222). Evidence shows that goats with a single copy of either of these
protective alleles have been resistant to scrapie infection during natural disease outbreaks and
also direct challenge experiments but not fully resistant similar to what is seen with QR sheep.
Scrapie resistance alleles in goats have not been formally recognized in the United States, so
genetic testing in goats is not considered official testing for scrapie program purposes.
Section 5 Page 51
Genetic Resistance Interpretation Key:
Genetic Resistance Interpretation
No resistance to classical scrapie
146
222
NN
QQ
One copy of protective variant K222, increased resistance to classical
scrapie
NN
QK
Two copies of protective variant K222, increased resistance to classical
scrapie
NN
KK
One copy of protective variant S146, increased resistance to classical
scrapie
NS
QQ
Two copies of S146 protective variant. Increased resistance to classical
scapie
SS
QQ
One copy each of S146 and K222 protective variants. Increased resistance
to classical scrapie
NS
QK
Individual Goat Scrapie Genetic Resistance Test Results:
Sample #
1
2
3
4
5
Goat name/ID
Patty
Alice
Jackie
Willa
Jane
146
NN
NN
NS
SS
NN
222
QQ
QQ
QQ
QQ
KK
Interpretation of results
One or more of the goats tested on your operation were found to have either of the two alleles,
S146 and K222, that appear to make goats resistant to classical scrapie. This genotyping
information can be used to select breeding stock to increase the frequency of the beneficial
alleles within the herd. Breeding for resistance could help prevent classical scrapie
transmission.
Section 5 Page 52
Reference Cards
CONTENTS
Goat 2019 Vaccine Reference Card ....................................................................3
Goat 2019 Anthelmintic Reference Card ............................................................7
Goat 2019 Antibiotic Reference Card .................................................................9
Section 6 Page 1
Section 6 Page 2
GOAT 2019 VACCINE REFERENCE CARD
CLOSTRIDIAL VACCINES
Code
Trade Name
Manufacturer
Protect Against
Clostridium Perfringens Types C&D Only Vaccines
1
BAR VAC CD
Boehringer Ingelheim
Clostridium Perfringens Types C & D Toxoid
2
CALIBER 3
Boehringer Ingelheim
Clostridium Perfringens Types C&D
3
CLOSTRI SHIELD BCD
Elanco
Clostridium Perfringens Type C & D Bacterin
4
Clostridium Perfringens Types C&D
Professional Biological
Clostridium Perfringens Types C&D Toxoid
5
6
7
ESSENTIAL 3
ULTRABAC CD
ULTRACHOICE CD
Colorado Serum
Zoetis
Zoetis
Clostridium Perfringens Types C&D Toxoid
Clostridium Perfringens Types C & D Bacterin
Clostridium Perfringens Types C & D Bacterin
8
Vision CD with SPUR
Intervet/ Merck
Clostridium Perfringens Types C&D Bacterin
Tetanus Vaccines (Not including 7/8 Ways)
9
11
BAR VAC CD/T
Clostridium Perfringens Types
C&D- Tetanus Toxoid
ESSENTIAL 3+T
12
GoatVac C.D.-T
10
13
14
Tetanus Toxoid (Concentrated or
Unconcentrated)
Vision CD-T with SPUR
Boehringer Ingelheim
Clostridium Perfringens Types C & D - Tetanus Toxoid
Professional Biological
Clostridium Perfringens Types C&D- Tetanus Toxoid
Colorado Serum
Clostridium Perfringens Types C & D- Tetanus
Durvet
Colorado Serum
Company/ Professional
Biological
Intervet/ Merck
Clostridium Perfringens Types C & D- Tetanus
Tetanus Toxoid
Clostridium Perfringens Types C&D- Tetani Bacterin
20
ESSENTIAL 1
7- and 8-Way Vaccines
Clostridium Chauvoei-Septicum-Novyi-Sordellii-Perfringens
Boehringer Ingelheim
Types C & D Bacterin
Clostridum Chauvoei- Septicum- Haemolyticum- NovyiBoehringer Ingelheim
Sordellii- Perfringens Types C & D Bacterin- Toxoid
Clostridium Chauvoei- Septicum- Novyi-Sordellii- Perfringens
Boehringer Ingelheim
C&D bacterin
Clostridium Chauvoei- Septicum- Novyi-Sordellii- Perfringens
Elanco (Farm Animal)
C&D bacterin
Clostridium Chauvoei-Septicum-Haemolyticum-Novyi-TetaniIntervet/ Merck
Perfringens Type C&D Bacterin
Colorado Serum
Clostridium Haemolyticum Bacterin
21
ESSENTIAL 2
Colorado Serum
15
16
17
18
19
BAR VAC 7
BAR VAC 8
CALIBER 7
CLOSTRI SHIELD 7
Covexin 8
29
Clostridium Chauvoei-Septicum bacterin
Clostridium Chauvoei- Speticum- Mannheimia HaemolyticaESSENTIAL 2+P
Colorado Serum
Pasteurella Multocida Bacterin
Clostridium Chauvoei- Septicum- Novyi- Sordelli- Perfringens
ULTRABAC 7
Zoetis
Types C&D Bacterin
Clostridium Chauvoei- septicum- haemolyticum- novyi- sordelliiULTRABAC 8
Zoetis
perfringens types C &D Bacterin
Clostridium Chauvoei- Septicum- Novyi- Sordelli- Perfringens
ULTRACHOICE 7
Zoetis
Types C&D Bacterin
Clostridium Chauvoei- septicum- haemolyticum- novyi- sordelliiULTRACHOICE 8
Zoetis
perfringens types C &D Bacterin
Clostridium Chauvoei- septicum-novyi- sordellii- perfringens
Vision 7 with SPUR
Intervet/ Merck
types C &D Bacterin toxoid
Clostridium Chauvoei-septicum- haemolyticum- novyi- sordelliiVision 8 with SPUR
Intervet/ Merck
perfringens types c & d
Other Clostridial Vaccine (Specify Trade Name: ____________________________________)
99
I vaccinate for Clostridial diseases but don’t know product
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
Section 6 Page 3
Code
30
RESPIRATORY VACCINES
Manufacturer
Protect Against
Colorado Serum
Mannheimia Haemolytica- Pasteurella Multocida Bacterin
22
Trade Name
Mannheimia HaemolyticaPasteurella Multocida
Bacterin
ESSENTIAL 2+P
31
32
NASALGEN IP
Pyramid 5
33
Bovi- Sheild Gold One Shot
34
35
One Shot Cattle Vaccine
Presponse HM
36
Presponse SQ
37
38
Once PMH IN
Super Poly- Bac B Somnus
39
Super Poly-Bac B + IBRk &
BVDk
Texas Vet Lab
40
Pulmo-Guard PHM-1
AgriLabs
41
Nuplura PH
42
99
Code
43
Colorado Serum
Intervet/ Merck
Boehringer
Ingelheim
Zoetis
Zoetis
Boehringer
Ingelheim
Boehringer
Ingelheim
Intervet/ Merck
Texas Vet Lab
Clostridium Chauvoei- Speticum- Mannheimia HaemolyticaPasteurella Multocida Bacterin
Bovine Rhinotracheitis- Parainfluenza 3 Vaccine
Bovine Rhinotracheitis- Parainfluenza 3 Vaccine- Respiratory
Syncytial Virus Vaccine
Bovine Rhinotracheitis- Virus Diarrhea-Parainfluenza3Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine
Mannheimia Haemolytica Toxoid
Pasteurella Multocida Bacterial Extract- Mannheimia
Haemolytica Toxoid
Mannheimia Haemolytica Toxoid
Mannheimia Haemolytica- Pasteurella Multocida Vaccine
Haemophilus Somnus- Pasteurella Haemolytica- MultocidaSalmonella Typhimurium Bacterin- Toxoid
Bovine Rhinotracheitis- Virus Diarrhea, Killed virusHaemophilus somnus- Mannheimia Haemolytica- Pasterurella
Multocida Bacterin- Toxoid
Mannheimia Haemolytica- Pasteurella Multocida BacterinToxoid
Mannheimia Haemolytica Bacterial Extract- Toxoid
Elanco (Farm
Animal)
Other Respiratory Vaccine (Specify Trade Name: ____________________________________)
I vaccinate for respiratoryl diseases but don’t know product
Trade Name
LYSIGIN
MASTITIS VACCINES
Manufacturer
Protect Against
Boehringer
Staphylococcus Aureus Bacterin
Ingelheim
Zoetis
Bovine Rotavirus-Coronavirus vaccine ( killed virus)
Escherichia Coli Bacterin
Zoetis
Bovine Rotavirus- Coronavirus Vaccine (Killed Virus)
Clostridium Perfringens Type C- Escherichia Coli Bacterin
(Toxoid)
Intervet/ Merck
Bovine Rotavirus-Coronavirus vaccine, killed virus,
Clostridium Perfringens types C & D- Escherichia Coli
Bacterin
44
ScourGuard 4K
45
ScourGuard 4KC
46
GUARDIAN
47
99
Other Mastitis Vaccine (Specify Trade Name: ____________________________________)
I vaccinate for mastitis but don’t know product
Section 6 Page 4
Code
48
49
50
51
52
Trade Name
Ovine Ecthyma Vaccine
Bluetongue Vaccine
Anthrax Spore Vaccine
IMRAB 3
IMRAB LARGE ANIMAL
OTHER VACCINES
Manufacturer
Protect Against
Colorado Serum
Ovine Ecthyma Vaccine
Colorado Serum
Bluetongue Vaccine Type 10
Colorado Serum
Anthrax Spore Vaccine
Merial
Rabies Vaccine
Merial
Rabies Vaccine
53
54
55
56
DEFENSOR 3
NOBIVAC 3- RABIES
NOVIBAC 3- RABIES CA
CASE-BAC
Zoetis
Intervet/ Merck
Intervet/ Merck
Colorado Serum
57
58
Code
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
99
Rabies Vaccine
Rabies Vaccine
Rabies Vaccine
Corynebacterium Pseudotuberculosis Bacterin- Caseous
Lymphadenitis
CASEOUS D-T
Colorado Serum
Clostridium Tetani- Perfringens Type D- Corynebacterium
Pseudotuberculosis Bacterin, Caseous Lymphadentitis
Other Vaccine (Specify Trade Name:________________________________)
Trade Name
Campylobacter Fetus- Jejuni
Bacterin
Campylobacter Fetus- Jejuni
Bacterin- Ovine
Chlamydia Psittaci Bacterin
VIBRIN
LEPTO SHIELD 5
ANTI- ABORTION VACCINES
Manufacturer
Protect Against
Hygieia
Campylobacter Fetus- Jejuni Bacterin
Colorado Serum
Campylobacter Fetus- Jejuni Bacterin- Ovine
Colorado Serum
Zoetis
Elanco (Farm Animal)
Chlamydia Psittaci Bacterin
Campylobacter Fetus Bacterin
Leptospira Canicola-Grippotyphosa-HardjoIcterohaemorrhagiae-Pomona Bacterin
BOVIB-LEPTO 5
Colorado Serum
Campylobacter Fetus-Leptospira Canicola- GrippotyphosaHardjo-Icterohaemorrhagiae- Pomona Bacterin
LEPTO-5
Colorado Serum
Leptospira Canicola- Grippotyphosa-HardjoIcterohaemorrhagiae-Pomona Bacterin
LEPTOFERM-5
Zoetis
Leptospira Canicola- Grippotyphosa-HardjoIcterohaemorrhagiae-Pomona Bacterin
SPIROVAC
Zoetis
Leptospira Hardjo Bacterin
SPIROVAC L5
Zoetis
Leptospira Canicola- Grippotyphosa-HardjoIcterohaemorrhagiae-Pomona Bacterin
SPIROVAC VL5
Zoetis
Campylobacter fetus- Leptospira Canicola- GrippotyphosaHardjo- Icterohaemorrhagiae- Pomona Bacterin
CITADEL VL5
Boehringer Ingelheim
Campylobacter fetus- Leptospira Canicola-GrippotyphosaHardjo-Icterhaemorrhagiae-Pomona Bacterin
Other Anti-Abortion Vaccine (Specify Trade Name:________________________________)
I vaccinate for abortion diseases but don’t know product
Section 6 Page 5
Section 6 Page 6
GOAT 2019 ANTHELMINTIC REFERENCE CARD
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Code
Code
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
Trade Name
Agri-Mectin
Bimectin
Privermectin
Promectin B
Dectomax
Eprinex
Ivermax (BM)
Ivermax (FP)
Ivermax (NB)
Iver-On
Noromectin
Cydectin
POUR-ON ANTHELMINTICS
Active Ingredient
Ivermectin
Ivermectin
Ivermectin
Ivermectin
Doramectin
Eprinomectin
Ivermectin
Ivermectin
Ivermectin
Ivermectin
Ivermectin
Moxidectin
ORAL USE ANTHELMINTICS (Drench, Tube)
Trade Name
Active Ingredient
Safe-Guard Dewormer for Goats
Fenbendazole
Safe- Guard Dewormer for Beef & Dairy Fenbendazole
Cattle and Goats
Valbazen
Albendazole
Ivomec Drench for Sheep
Ivermectin
Privermectin Drench for Sheep
Ivermectin
Cydectin Oral Drench for Sheep
Moxidectin
Prohibit Soluble Drench Powder
Levamisole Hydrochloride
LevaMed Soluble Drench Powder
Levamisole Hydrochloride
Levasole Sheep Wormer Boluses
Levamisole Hydrochloride
Safe-Guard Beef and Dairy Cattle
Fenbendazole
Dewormer (290G)
Safe-Guard Horse & Cattle Dewormer
Fenbendazole
92 G Paste 10%
Panacur Beef & Cattle Dewormer
Fenbendazole
Panacur Equine & Cattle Dewormer (92
G) Paste 10 %
Panacur Cattle Dewormer Suspension
10%
Synanthic Bovine Dewormer Suspension
9.06%
Synanthic Bovine Dewormer Suspension
22.5%
Ivermectin Paste 1.87%
Paste Dewormer
Zimecterin 1.87%
Paste Dewormer for equids
Zimecterin Gold 1.55%
Paste Dewormer for equids
Quest Plus Gel Dewormer for equids
Safe- Guard Paste 10% for Horses
Pin-X
StrongidT
Avermectins
Avermectins
Avermectins
Avermectins
Avermectins
Avermectins
Avermectins
Avermectins
Avermectins
Avermectins
Avermectins
Avermectins
Class
Class
Benzimidazoles
Benzimidazoles
Benzimidazoles
Avermectins
Avermectins
Avermectins
Imidazothiazoles
Imidazothiazoles
Imidazothiazoles
Benzimidazoles
Benzimidazoles
Benzimidazoles
Fenbendazole
Benzimidazoles
Fenbendazole
Benzimidazoles
Oxfendazole
Benzimidazoles
Oxfendazole
Benzimidazoles
Ivermectin
Avermectin
Ivermectin
Avermectin
Ivermectin, Praziquantel
Avermectin,
Moxidectin, Praziquantel
Fenbendazole
Pyrantel Pamoate
Pyrantel Pamoate
Avermectin,
Benzimidazoles
Tetrahydropyrimidines
Tetrahydropyrimidines
Section 6 Page 7
INJECTABLE USE ANTHELMINTICS
Code
Trade Name
Active Ingredient
36
Alverin Plus Injection for Cattle
Ivermectin/ clorsulon
37
Agri-Mectin Injection for Cattle and Swine
Ivermectin
38
Agri-Mectin plus Clorsulon
Ivermectin/ clorsulon
39
40
41
42
43
Bimectin
Promectin Injection for Cattle and Swine
Dectomax
Ivermax 1% Injection
Ivermax Plus
Ivermectin
Ivermectin
Doramectin
Ivermectin
Ivermectin/ clorsulon
44
45
Noromectin Injection for Cattle and Swine
Noromectin Plus Injection for Cattle
Ivermectin
Ivermectin/ clorsulon
46
47
48
49
Cydectin Injectable Solution
Levasole Injectable Solution 13.65%
Ivomec 1% Subcutaneous Injection
Ivomec Plus 1% Subcutaneous Injection
Moxidectin
Levamisole phosphate
Ivermectin
Ivermecti/ clorsulon
(Ivomec+ Curatram)
Code
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
Code
57
FEED USE ANTHELMINTICS
Trade Name
Active Ingredient
Goat Care 2x
Morantel Tartrate
Mor-Max Goat Dewormer
Morantel Tartrate
Positive Pellet
Morantel Tartrate
Rumatel 88
Morantel Tartrate
Safe-Guard Medicated Dewormer for Beef & Dairy
Fenbendazole
Cattle
Safe- Guard Dewormer 20%
Fenbendazole
SAFE-GUARD 20% Salt: Free-choice mineral
Fenbendazole
Class
Avermectins,
Benzenesulphnamides
Avermectins
Avermectins,
Benzenesulphnamides
Avermectins
Avermectins
Avermectins
Avermectins
Avermectins,
Benzenesulphnamides
Avermectins
Avermectins,
Benzenesulphnamides
Avermectins
Imidazorhiazoles
Avermectins
Avermectins,
Benzenesulphnamides
Class
Tetrahydropyrimidines
Tetrahydropyrimidines
Tetrahydropyrimidines
Tetrahydropyrimidines
Benzimidazoles
Benzimidazoles
Benzimidazoles
OTHER ANTHELMINTICS
Trade Name
Active Ingredient
Class
SPECIFY TRADE NAME (BE AS SPECIFIC AS POSSIBLE) ON THE COLLECTION RECORD.
Section 6 Page 8
GOAT 2019 ANTIBIOTIC REFERENCE CARD
[Use same card for CER and Questionnaire]
Code
1
Antibiotic class
Sulfonamides
Antibiotics given in the drinking WATER- Section F, Question 5
Example antibiotics
Albon®,(Sulfadimethoxine soluble powder), Sulfadimethoxine 12.5% oral solution, Sulforal, Sulfasol soluble
powder, Di-Methox 12.5% oral solution, Di-Methox 12.5% soluble powder, SMZ-Med® 454 soluble powder,
Sulfa, Sulmet® solution, Sulmet® soluble powder
Aureomycyin®, A-Mycin, Chlortetracycline, Chloronex™, Aureomycin® Soluble Powder, Pennchlor® 64
soluble powder, Terramycin® soluble powder, Oxytetracycline HCL, Agrimycin®, Oxymycin, Oxytet 343,
Pennox® 343, Tetroxy® 343, Tetroxy® 25, Tetracycline soluble powder, Duramycin 10, Tetramycin, Tetrachel,
Tetramed® 324, Tet-Sol® 324, Tetrasol soluble powder
2
Tetracyclines
3
Other (specify: ________________)
Code
Antibiotic class
Antibiotics given in the FEED - Section F, Question 7
Example antibiotics
Aureomycyin®, Aueromycin® 50, Aueromycin® 4G crumbles, CTC 4G Crumbles, CTC 8G Crumbles, CTC 10G
Crumbles, Chlortetracycline Crumble
Neomycin
4
Tetracyclines
5
Aminoglycoside
7
Other (specify: ________________)
8
Other (specify: ________________)
PLEASE TURN OVER FOR OTHER ANTIBIOTICS
Section 6 Page 9
INJECTABLE
DRENCH
ORAL
BOLUS
Antibiotics given for SPECIFIC TREATMENT Section G, Questions 6, 8, 10, 12
Code Antibiotic class
Example antibiotics
9
Sulfonamides
10 Tetracyclines
Supra Sulfa III bolus, Sustain III bolus, Albon
5/Way calf scour bolus, Calf Scour Bolus, Oxy 500 calf bolus, Terramycin scours tablets
11 Other (specify: ______________________)
Albon®,(Sulfadimethoxine soluble powder), Sulfadimethoxine 12.5% oral solution, Sulforal, Sulfasol
soluble powder, Di-Methox 12.5% oral solution, Di-Methox 12.5% soluble powder, SMZ-Med® 454
12 Sulfonamides
soluble powder, Sulfa, Sulmet® solution, Sulmet® soluble powder, SulfadiVed solution
Aureomycyin®, A-Mycin, Chlortetracycline, Chloronex™, Aureomycin® Soluble Powder, Pennchlor® 64
soluble powder, Terramycin® soluble powder, Oxytetracycline HCL, Agrimycin®, Oxymycin, Oxytet 343,
13 Tetracyclines
Pennox® 343, Tetroxy® 343, Tetroxy® 25, Tetracycline soluble powder, Duramycin 10, Tetramycin,
Tetrachel, Tetramed® 324, Tet-Sol® 324, Tetrasol soluble powder, TC Vet 324
Neomycin soluble powder, Neo-Sol® soluble, NeoMed® soluble, Neo-Sol® 50, Neo-Sol® Oral,
14 Aminoglycoside
Spectinomycin Oral, Spectam®, SpectoGard®
Lincomycin soluble, LS-50, Lincomycin-spectinomycin soluble
15 Lincosamides
16 Other (specify:__________)
Agri-Cillin, Bactracillin G, Norocillin, Pen-Aqueous, Penicillin Injectable, Penject, PenOne Pro, PenOne RWT,
17 Beta-lactams
Pro-Pen-G, Bactracillin G, BenzaPen 48, Combi-Pen-48, Dura-Pen, Penject+B, Aquacillin, Agri-cillin, Polyflex
Tylan 50 or 200, TyloVed, Micotil, Draxxin, ZACTRAN, Zuprevo
18 Macrolides
Ceftiflex, Excede, Excenel, Naxcel
19 Cephalosporins
Loncor, ResflorGOLD, Norfenicol, Nuflor, NuflorGOLD
20 Florfenicol
Di-Methox, Sulfabiotic, SulfaMed
21 Sulfonamides
300 PRO LA, Agrimycin 100 or 200, Bio-Mycin 200, Duramycin 72-200 or 100, Hexasol, Liquamycin LA-200,
21 Tetracyclines
Noromycin 300 LA, Oxybiotic 100 or 200, Oxytet 100 or 200, Terra-Vet 100 or 200, Vetrimycin 100 or 200
22 Aminoglycosides Gentamicin, , Gentocin, Gallimycin, Erythromycin
INTRAMAMMARY
USE FOR DOES ONLY
TOPICAL/
Eyes
23 Other (specify_______________________)
24
25
26
27
28
29
Topical
Triple antibiotic ointment (neomycin, polymyxin B, bacitracin), Mupirocin
ointments
Eye drops/
Gentak/Genoptic eye drops, Terramycin ophthalmic ointment (oxytetracycline and polymyxin B), AKTob,
ointments
Tobrasol, Tobrex (tobramycin) ophthalmic ointment or solution,
Other (specify_______________________)
Lactating
Today® (cephaparin), Cefa-Lak® (cephapirin), Dariclox® (cloxacillin), Pirsue® (pirlimycin hydrochloride),
intramammary Masti-Clear™ (penicillin), Polymast™ (hetacillin potassium), Amoximast® (amoxicillin), Hetacin-K®
products
(hetacillin potassium), Spectramast® LC (ceftiofur hydrochloride)
Spectramast® DC (ceftiofur hydrochloride), Tomorrow® (cephapirin benzathine), Cefa-Dri (cephapirin
benzathine), Bovaclox™, Dry-Clox®, Dry-Clox® intramammary infusion, Orbenin®-DC (cloxacillin
Dry doe
intramammary benzathine), Gallimycin-Dry (erythromycin), Biodry® (novobiocin), Vet Go Dry™/ Hanford’s US (penicillin
G procaine), Quartermaster® Dry Doe Treatment (penicillin G procaine/dihydrostreptomycin), Albadry
products
Plus® Suspension (penicillin G procaine/novobiocin)
Other (specify_______________________)
Section 6 Page 10
| File Type | application/pdf |
| Author | Wiedenheft, Alyson M - APHIS |
| File Modified | 2019-03-14 |
| File Created | 2019-03-14 |