Instructions for F Instructions for Form 990-PF, Return of Private Foundati

2018

Instructions for Form 990-PF

Department of the Treasury
Internal Revenue Service

Return of Private Foundation or Section 4947(a)(1) Nonexempt Charitable Trust
Treated as a Private Foundation
Section references are to the Internal Revenue
Code unless otherwise noted.

Contents
General Instructions . . . . . . . . .
A. Who Must File . . . . . . . .
B. Which Parts To Complete
C. Definitions . . . . . . . . . .
D. Other Forms You May
Need To File . . . . . . . .
E. Useful Publications . . . .
F. Use of Form 990-PF To
Satisfy State Reporting
Requirements . . . . . . . .
G. Furnishing Copies of
Form 990-PF to State
Officials . . . . . . . . . . . .
H. Accounting Period . . . . .
I. Accounting Methods . . . .
J. When, Where, and How
To File . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electronic Filing . . . . . . . .
K. Extension of Time To File
L. Amended Return . . . . . .
M. Penalty for Failure To File
Timely, Completely, or
Correctly . . . . . . . . . . .
N. Penalties for Not Paying
Tax on Time . . . . . . . . .
O. Figuring and Paying
Estimated Tax . . . . . . .
P. Tax Payment Methods for
Domestic Private
Foundations . . . . . . . . .
Q. Public Inspection
Requirements . . . . . . . .
R. Disclosures Regarding
Certain Information and
Services Furnished . . . .
S. Organizations Organized
or Created in a Foreign
Country . . . . . . . . . . . .
T. Liquidation, Dissolution,
Termination, or
Substantial Contraction .
U. Section 507(b)(1)(B)
Termination—Notice and
Filing Requirements . . . .
V. Payment of Section 4940
Tax During Section
507(b)(1)(B) Termination
W. Rounding, Currency, and
Attachments . . . . . . . . .
Specific Instructions . . . . . . . . .
Heading . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part I. Analysis of Revenue
and Expenses . . . . . . .
Part II. Balance Sheets . . . .
Part III. Analysis of Changes
in Net Assets or Fund
Balances . . . . . . . . . . .
Oct 01, 2018

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Contents
Part IV. Capital Gains and
Losses for Tax on
Investment Income . . . .
Part V. Qualification Under
Section 4940(e) for
Reduced Tax on Net
Investment Income . . . .
Part VI. Excise Tax Based
on Investment Income
(Section 4940(a),
4940(b), 4940(e), or
4948) . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part VII-A. Statements
Regarding Activities . . . .
Part VII-B. Statements
Regarding Activities for
Which Form 4720 May
Be Required . . . . . . . . .
Part VIII. Information About
Officers, Directors,
Trustees, Foundation
Managers, Highly Paid
Employees, and
Contractors . . . . . . . . .
Part IX-A. Summary of Direct
Charitable Activities . . . .
Part IX-B. Summary of
Program-Related
Investments . . . . . . . . .
Part X. Minimum Investment
Return . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part XI. Distributable Amount
Part XII. Qualifying
Distributions . . . . . . . . .
Part XIII. Undistributed
Income . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part XIV. Private Operating
Foundations . . . . . . . . .
Part XV. Supplementary
Information . . . . . . . . .
Part XVI-A. Analysis of
Income-Producing
Activities . . . . . . . . . . .
Part XVI-B. Relationship of
Activities to the
Accomplishment of
Exempt Purposes . . . . .
Part XVII. Information
Regarding Transfers to
and Transactions and
Relationships With
Noncharitable Exempt
Organizations . . . . . . . .
Signature . . . . . . . . . . . .
Paid Preparer . . . . . . . . . .
Paid Preparer Authorization . . . .
How To Get Forms and
Publications . . . . . . . . . . .
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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Future Developments

For the latest information about
developments related to Form 990-PF and
its instructions, such as legislation
enacted after they were published, go to
IRS.gov/Form990PF.

What’s New
Exception from the excise tax on excess business holdings. New section
4943(g) created an exception from the
excise tax on excess business holdings
for certain independently operated
enterprises whose voting stock is wholly
owned by a private foundation. For more
details, see the instructions for Part VII-B,
line 3.
Tax on excess executive compensation. Starting in 2018, new section 4960
imposes an excise tax on a foundation
that pays to any covered employee more
than $1 million in remuneration or pays an
excess parachute payment. See section
4960 and Form 4720, Return of Certain
Excise Taxes Under Chapters 41 and 42
of the Internal Revenue Code, for more
information.
Inclusion of global intangible
low-taxed income (GILTI). New section
951A requires U.S. shareholders of
controlled foreign corporations to include
their GILTI in taxable income. Section
951A is effective for tax years of controlled
foreign corporations beginning after 2017
and to tax years of U.S. shareholders in
which or with which such tax years of
foreign corporations end. Use Form 8992,
U.S. Shareholder Calculation of Global
Intangible Low-Taxed Income (GILTI), to
figure the private foundation’s GILTI and
attach it to Form 990-PF. See section
951A for more information.
Inclusion of section 965(a) income.
Section 965 was amended to require
certain taxpayers to include in income an
amount based on the accumulated
post-1986 deferred foreign income of
certain foreign corporations, deferred
foreign income corporations (DFICs), of
which they are U.S. shareholders, either
directly or indirectly through other entities.
Other taxpayers may have inclusions in
income under section 951(a) by reason of
section 965 due to ownership of DFICs
through pass-through entities that are
themselves U.S. shareholders of DFICs.
Section 965(a) inclusions are taken into

account in the U.S. shareholder’s year that
includes the last day of the relevant
DFIC’s last tax year that began before
January 1, 2018.

included on this form. Documents subject
to disclosure include schedules and
attachments filed with the form.

Increase in unrelated business taxable
income (UBTI) by disallowed fringe.
For foundations that have employees,
UBTI, reported on Form 990-T, is
increased by any amount for which a
deduction is not allowable because of
section 274 and which is paid or incurred
by the foundation after 2017 for any
qualified transportation fringe (as defined
in section 132(f)), or any parking facility
used in connection with qualified parking
(as defined in section 132 (f)(5)(C), or any
on-premises athletic facility (as defined in
section 132(j)(4)(B). This rule doesn’t
apply to the extent the amount paid or
incurred is directly connected with an
unrelated trade or business that is
regularly carried on the organization.

Photographs of Missing
Children

Note. A deduction for expenses paid
or incurred for on-premises athletic
facilities is disallowed due to application of
section 274 only if it discriminates in favor
of highly compensated employees.
Financial Accounting Standards Board
Accounting Standards Codification
(FASB ASC) changes. The Financial
Accounting Standards Board (FASB)
issued financial statement reporting
changes in the Accounting Standards
Update (ASU) 2016-14 (ASU 2016-14),
Presentation of Financial Statements for
Not-for-Profit Entities. ASU 2016-14
changes the way not-for-profit
organizations classify net assets.

Reminders

If you are filing Form 990-PF because you
no longer meet a public support test under
section 509(a)(1) and you haven't
previously filed Form 990-PF, check Initial
return of a former public charity in Item G
of the Heading section on page 1 of your
return. Before filing Form 990-PF for the
first time, you may want to go to
IRS.gov/EO for the latest information and
filing tips to confirm you are no longer a
publicly supported organization.
Most tax-exempt organizations, other
than churches, are required to file an
annual Form 990, 990-EZ, or 990-PF with
the IRS, or to submit a Form 990-N
e-Postcard to the IRS. If a tax-exempt
private foundation fails to file an annual
return as required for 3 consecutive years,
it will automatically lose its tax-exempt
status and will become a taxable private
foundation. See General Instruction M,
later.
Don’t include social security numbers
on publicly disclosed forms. Because
the IRS is required to publicly disclose the
organization's annual information returns,
social security numbers shouldn't be

The IRS is a proud partner with the
National Center for Missing & Exploited
Children® (NCMEC). Photographs of
missing children selected by the Center
may appear in instructions on pages that
would otherwise be blank. You can help
bring these children home by looking at
the photographs and calling
1-800-THE-LOST (1-800-843-5678) if you
recognize a child.

Phone Help

• Taxable private foundations (section
6033(d));
• Organizations that agree to private
foundation status and whose applications
for exempt status are pending on the due
date for filing Form 990-PF;
• Organizations that claim private
foundation status, haven't yet applied for
exempt status, and whose application isn't
yet untimely under section 508(a) for
retroactive recognition of exemption;
• Organizations that made an election
under section 41(e)(6)(D)(iv);
• Private foundations that are making a
section 507(b) termination; and
• Section 4947(a)(1) nonexempt
charitable trusts treated as private
foundations (section 6033(d)).
Include on the foundation's return

If you have questions and/or need help
completing this form, please call
877-829-5500. This toll-free telephone
service is available Monday through
Friday.

IRS e-Services Makes
Taxes Easier

Now more than ever before, businesses
can enjoy the benefits of filing and paying
their federal taxes electronically. Whether
you rely on a tax professional or handle
your own taxes, the IRS offers you
convenient programs to make taxes
easier.
• You can e-file your Form 990-PF, Form
940 and 941 employment tax returns, and
Forms 1099 and other information returns.
Visit IRS.gov/charities-non-profits/annualreporting-and-filing for details.
• You can pay taxes online or by phone
using the free Electronic Federal Tax
Payment System (EFTPS). Visit
EFTPS.gov or call 800-555-4477 for
details. Electronic Funds Withdrawal
(EFW) from a checking or savings account
is also available to those who file
electronically.

General Instructions
Purpose of form. Form 990-PF is used:
• To figure the tax based on investment
income, and
• To report charitable distributions and
activities.
Also, Form 990-PF serves as a
substitute for the section 4947(a)(1)
nonexempt charitable trust's income tax
return, Form 1041, U.S. Income Tax
Return for Estates and Trusts, when the
trust has no taxable income.

A. Who Must File

Form 990-PF is an annual information
return that must be filed by:
• Exempt private foundations (section
6033(a), (b), and (c));
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TIP the financial and other information

of any disregarded entity owned
by the foundation. See Regulations
sections 301.7701-1 through 3 for
information on the classification of certain
business organizations, including an
eligible entity that is disregarded as an
entity separate from its owner
(disregarded entity).

Other section 4947(a)(1) nonexempt
charitable trusts. Section 4947(a)(1)
nonexempt charitable trusts not treated as
private foundations don't file Form 990-PF.
However, they may need to file Form 990,
Return of Organization Exempt From
Income Tax, or Form 990-EZ, Short Form
Return of Organization Exempt From
Income Tax. With either of these forms,
the trust must also file Schedule A (Form
990 or 990-EZ), Public Charity Status and
Public Support, and other required
schedules. See the Form 990 and Form
990-EZ instructions.

B. Which Parts To
Complete

See the chart showing which parts of the
form must be completed, later.

How to avoid filing an incomplete return.
• Complete all applicable line items.
• Answer “Yes,” “No,” or “N/A” (not
applicable) to each question on the return.
• Make an entry (including a zero when
appropriate) on all total lines.
• Enter “None” or “N/A” if an entire part
doesn't apply.

Sequencing Chart To Complete
the Form
You may find the following chart helpful. It
limits jumping from one part of the form to
another to figure an amount needed to
complete an earlier part. If you complete
the parts in the listed order below, any
information you may need from another
part will already be entered.

Form 990-PF Instructions

B. Which Parts To Complete
Some parts of the form listed below don't apply to some filers. See How to avoid filing an incomplete return, earlier, for
information on what to do if a part or an item doesn't apply.
Part of Form 990-PF

Foundations Which Must Complete This Part

Heading

All

Part I (analysis of revenues and expenses), columns (a) (revenue and expenses
per books) and (d) (disbursements for charitable purposes)

All

Part I (analysis of revenues and expenses), column (b) (net investment income)

All except (1) foreign taxable foundations, and (2) foreign nonexempt charitable
trusts; foreign 501(c)(3) foundations need not complete line 7 (capital gain net
income) or expense lines

Part I (analysis of revenues and expenses), column (c) (adjusted net income)

Only foundations claiming operating foundation status, foundations (not
described in section 4948(b)) that derive income from a charitable activity and
claim a qualifying distribution for net losses from the activity, and domestic 501(c)
(3) foundations that maintain a common fund as described in section 170(b)(1)(F)
(iii)

Part II (balance sheets) columns (a) and (b) (beginning and end-of-year book
value)

All

Part II (balance sheets), column (c) (end-of-year fair market value)

All foundations with at least $5,000 in assets per books at some time during tax
year; other foundations complete only line 16

Part III (analysis of changes in net assets or fund balances)

All

Part IV (capital gains and losses for tax on investment income)

All except foreign foundations; line 3 must be completed only by foundations that
must complete Part I, column (c)

Part V (qualification under section 4940(e) for reduced tax on investment income) All domestic foundations that claim the 1% tax rate on net investment income
under section 4940(e)
Part VI (excise tax based on investment income)

All except (1) organizations electing private foundation status under section 41(e)
(6)(D), (2) foreign taxable foundations, and (3) foreign nonexempt charitable
trusts

Part VII-A (statements regarding activities)

All; foreign foundations described in section 4948(b) need not complete lines 6
and 8, and in line 10 foreign foundations don't list persons who aren't U.S. citizens

Part VII-B (statements regarding activities for which Form 4720 may be required)

All; foreign foundations described in section 4948(b) need not complete line 2

Part VIII (information about officers, directors, trustees, foundation managers,
highly paid employees, and contractors)

All

Part IX-A (summary of direct charitable activities)

All

Part IX-B (summary of program-related investments)

All

Part X (minimum investment return)

All except foreign foundations described in section 4948(b) that aren't claiming
operating foundation status

Part XI (distributable amount)

All except (1) foreign foundations described in section 4948(b), and (2)
foundations claiming operating foundation status

Part XII (qualifying distributions)

All except foreign foundations described in section 4948(b) that aren't claiming
operating foundation status

Part XIII (undistributed income)

All except foreign foundations described in section 4948(b); if the foundation
claims operating foundation status for any of the years shown in Part XIII, it
doesn't complete those portions of Part XIII that apply to those years

Part XIV (private operating foundations)

Only foundations claiming operating foundation status

Part XV (supplementary information)

All except (1) foundations with less than $5,000 of assets per books at all times
during tax year, and (2) foreign foundations described in section 4948(b)

Part XVI-A (analysis of income-producing activities)

All

Part XVI-B (relationship of activities to the accomplishment of exempt purposes)

All

Part XVII (information regarding transfers to and transactions and relationships
with noncharitable exempt organizations)

All

Signature block

All

Form 990-PF Instructions

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Step

Part

Step

Part

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

IV
I & II
Heading
III
VII-A
VIII
IX-A – X

8.
9.
10
11
12
13
14

XII, lines 1–4
V & VI
XII, lines 5–6
XI
XIII
VII-B
XIV – XVII

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C. Definitions
1. A private foundation is a domestic
or foreign organization exempt from
income tax under section 501(a),
described in section 501(c)(3), and is
other than an organization described in
sections 509(a)(1) through (4).
Churches, hospitals, schools, broadly
publicly supported organizations,
supporting organizations, and
organizations that test for public safety are
excluded from private foundation status by
sections 509(a)(1) through (4). These
organizations may be required to file Form
990, Form 990-EZ, or Form 990-N
(“e-Postcard”) instead of Form 990-PF.
2. A nonexempt charitable trust
treated as a private foundation is a trust
that isn't exempt from tax under section
501(a) and all of the unexpired interests of
which are devoted to religious, charitable,
or other purposes described in section
170(c)(2)(B), and for which a charitable
deduction was allowed under a section of
the Code listed in section 4947(a)(1).
3. A taxable private foundation is an
organization that previously was
recognized as being exempt under section
501(a) as an organization described in
section 501(c)(3), but has lost that
recognition. Though it may operate as a
taxable entity, it will continue to be treated
as a private foundation until that status is
terminated under section 507.
4. A private operating foundation is an
organization that is described under
section 4942(j)(3) or (5). It means any
private foundation that spends at least
85% of the smaller of its adjusted net
income (figured in Part I) or its minimum
investment return (figured in Part X)
directly for the active conduct of the
exempt purpose or functions for which it is
organized and operated and that also
meets the assets test, the endowment
test, or the support test (discussed in Part
XIV). Also, certain elderly care facilities
created before 1970 are treated as private
operating foundations.
5. A nonoperating private foundation
is a private foundation that isn't a private
operating foundation. These often are
referred to as “grant-making foundations.”
6. A foundation manager is an officer,
director, or trustee of a foundation, or an
individual who has powers similar to those
of officers, directors, or trustees. In the
case of any act or failure to act, the term

“foundation manager” may also include
employees of the foundation who have the
authority to act.
7. A disqualified person is any of the
following.
a. A substantial contributor (see the
instructions for Part VII-A, line 10, later).
b. A foundation manager.
c. A person who owns more than 20%
of a corporation, partnership, trust, or
unincorporated enterprise that is itself a
substantial contributor.
d. A family member of an individual
described in (a), (b), or (c) above.
e. A corporation, partnership, trust, or
estate in which persons described in (a),
(b), (c), or (d) above own a total beneficial
interest of more than 35%.
f. For purposes of section 4941
(self-dealing), a disqualified person also
includes certain government officials. (See
section 4946(c) and the related
regulations.)
g. For purposes of section 4943
(excess business holdings), a disqualified
person also includes:
i. A private foundation effectively
controlled (directly or indirectly) by the
same persons who control the private
foundation in question; or
ii. A private foundation to which
substantially all contributions were made
(directly or indirectly) by one or more of
the persons described in (a), (b), and (c)
above, or members of their families, within
the meaning of section 4946(d).
8. An organization is controlled by a
foundation or by one or more disqualified
persons with respect to the foundation if
any of these persons may, by combining
their votes or positions of authority, require
the organization to make an expenditure
or prevent the organization from making
an expenditure, regardless of the method
of control. “Control” is determined
regardless of how the foundation requires
the contribution to be used.

D. Other Forms You May
Need To File

• Form W-2, Wage and Tax Statement.
• Form W-3, Transmittal of Wage and

Tax Statements.
• Form 940, Employer's Annual Federal
Unemployment (FUTA) Tax Return
(4947(a)(1) trusts and taxable private
foundations may need to file).
• Form 941, Employer's QUARTERLY
Federal Tax Return.
These forms are used to report social
security, Medicare, and income taxes
withheld by an employer and social
security and Medicare taxes paid by an
employer.

-4-

If income, social security, and
Medicare taxes that must be withheld
aren't withheld or aren't paid to the IRS, a
trust fund recovery penalty may apply. The
penalty is 100% of such unpaid taxes.
This penalty may be imposed on all
persons (including volunteers (see below))
whom the IRS determines to be
responsible for collecting, accounting for,
and paying over these taxes, and who
willfully didn't do so.
This penalty doesn't apply to any
volunteer, unpaid member of any board of
trustees or directors of a tax-exempt
organization, if this member:
• Is solely serving in an honorary
capacity;
• Doesn’t participate in the day-to-day or
financial activities of the organization; and
• Doesn’t have actual knowledge of the
failure to collect, account for, and pay over
these taxes.
However, this exception doesn't apply if it
results in no person being liable for the
penalty.
Form 720, Quarterly Federal Excise
Tax Return. In addition to various federal
excise taxes that are paid with the filing of
this form, the Patient-Centered Outcomes
Research Institute fee that is imposed on
health insurers and employers who
maintain self-insured health plans is
payable annually and reported on the
Form 720 that is filed for the second
quarter of each year, which is due no later
than July 31 of each calendar year.
Form 926, Return by a U.S. Transferor
of Property to a Foreign Corporation.
U.S. persons (including domestic
corporations and trusts) must file Form
926 to report certain transfers of tangible
or intangible property to a foreign
corporation, as required by section 6038B.
Form 965, Inclusion of Deferred Foreign Income Upon Transition to Participation Exemption System. Used by
U.S. persons owning (directly or indirectly)
interests in certain specific foreign
corporations to report amounts related to
section 965(a) inclusions and section
965(c) deductions.
Form 965-B, Corporate and Real Estate Investment Trust (REIT) Report of
Net 965 Tax Liability and Electing REIT
Report of 965 Amounts. Used by U.S.
corporations and REITs that own (directly
or indirectly) interests in certain specified
foreign corporations to report their net
section 965 tax liabilities and related
amounts.
Form 990-T, Exempt Organization
Business Income Tax Return. Every
organization exempt from income tax
under section 501(a) with total gross
income of $1,000 or more from all trades
or businesses unrelated to the
Form 990-PF Instructions

organization's exempt purpose, including
any addition to UBTI attributable to
expenses for a qualified transportation
fringe required by section 512 (a)(7), must
file Form 990-T. The form is also used by
tax-exempt organizations to report other
additional taxes, including the additional
tax figured in Part IV of Form 8621, Return
by a Shareholder of a Passive Foreign
Investment Company or Qualified Electing
Fund.
Form 990-W, Estimated Tax on Unrelated Business Taxable Income for
Tax-Exempt Organizations. Use of this
form is optional. It is provided only to aid
you in determining your tax liability. You
must use electronic funds transfer to make
all depository tax deposits. See Electronic
Deposit Requirement, later.
Form 1023, Application for Recognition of Exemption Under Section
501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue
Code. This form for recognition of
exemption from federal income tax under
section 501(c)(3) must be used by private
foundations that don't qualify to use Form
1023-EZ or that are also requesting
advance approval of individual grant
procedures or recognition as an operating
foundation. Form 8940 may also be used
for requesting advance approval of
individual grant procedures or recognition
as an operating foundation.
Form 1023-EZ, Streamlined Application for Recognition of Exemption Under Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal
Revenue Code. Certain small private
foundations may apply for recognition of
exemption under section 501(c)(3) using
this form instead of Form 1023.
Form 1041, U.S. Income Tax Return for
Estates and Trusts. Required of section
4947(a)(1) nonexempt charitable trusts
that also file Form 990-PF. However, if the
trust doesn't have any taxable income
under the income tax provisions (subtitle A
of the Code), it may use the filing of Form
990-PF to satisfy its Form 1041 filing
requirement under section 6012. If this
condition is met, check the box on line 15,
Part VII-A, of Form 990-PF and don't file
Form 1041.
Form 1041-ES, Estimated Income Tax
for Estates and Trusts. Used to make
estimated tax payments.
Form 1096, Annual Summary and
Transmittal of U.S. Information Returns. Used to transmit Forms 1097,
1098, 1099, 3921, 3922, 5498, and W-2G
to the IRS. Don’t use it to transmit
electronically.
Form 1098 series. Information returns to
report mortgage interest, student loan
interest, qualified tuition and related
expenses, and a contribution of a qualified

Form 990-PF Instructions

vehicle that has a claimed value of more
than $500.
Form 1099 series. Information returns to
report acquisitions or abandonments of
secured property, proceeds from broker
and barter exchange transactions,
cancellation of debt, dividends and
distributions, certain government and state
qualified tuition program payments,
taxable distributions from cooperatives,
interest payments, payments of long-term
care and accelerated death benefits,
miscellaneous income payments,
distributions from an HSA, Archer MSA or
Medicare Advantage MSA, original issue
discount, distributions from pensions,
annuities, retirement or profit-sharing
plans, IRAs, insurance contracts, etc., and
proceeds from real estate transactions.
Also, use certain of these returns to report
amounts that were received as a nominee
on behalf of another person.
Form 1120, U.S. Corporation Income
Tax Return. Filed by nonexempt taxable
private foundations that have taxable
income under the income tax provisions
(subtitle A of the Code). Form 990-PF is
also filed by these taxable foundations.
Form 1120-POL, U.S. Income Tax Return for Certain Political Organizations. Section 501(c) organizations must
file Form 1120-POL if they are treated as
having political organization taxable
income under section 527(f)(1).
Form 1128, Application To Adopt,
Change, or Retain a Tax Year. Form
1128 is used to request approval from the
IRS to change a tax year or to adopt or
retain a certain tax year.
Form 2220, Underpayment of Estimated Tax by Corporations. Form 2220 is
used by corporations and trusts filing Form
990-PF to see if the foundation owes a
penalty and to figure the amount of the
penalty. Generally, the foundation isn't
required to file this form because the IRS
can figure the amount of any penalty and
bill the foundation for it. However,
complete and attach Form 2220 even if
the foundation doesn't owe the penalty if:
• The annualized income or the adjusted
seasonal installment method is used; or
• The foundation is a “large organization,”
(see O. Figuring and Paying Estimated
Tax, later) figuring its first required
installment based on the prior year's tax.
If Form 2220 is attached, check the box on
Form 990-PF, Part VI, line 8, and enter the
amount of any penalty on this line.
Form 2848, Power of Attorney and
Declaration of Representative. Used to
authorize an individual to represent you in
matters before the IRS, such as the filing
of Form 1023.
Form 3115, Application for Change in
Accounting Method. Used to request a
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change in either an overall method of
accounting or the accounting treatment of
any item, in situations not covered by Rev.
Proc. 85-58, 1985-18 I.R.B. 5.
Form 3520, Annual Return To Report
Transactions With Foreign Trusts and
Receipt of Certain Foreign Gifts. Used
by U.S. persons to report certain
transactions with foreign trusts, ownership
of foreign trusts under the grantor trust
rules of sections 671–679, and receipt of
certain large gifts or bequests from certain
foreign persons.
Form 4506, Request for Copy of Tax
Return. Used by the organization or
designated third party to get a complete
copy of the organization's return.
Form 4506-A, Request for Public Inspection or Copy of Exempt or Political Organization IRS Form. Used to
inspect or request a copy of an exempt or
political organization's return, report,
notice, or exemption application by the
public or the organization.
Form 4720, Return of Certain Excise
Taxes Under Chapters 41 and 42 of the
Internal Revenue Code. Is primarily
used to determine the excise taxes
imposed on:
• Acts of self-dealing between private
foundations and disqualified persons,
• Failure to distribute income,
• Excess business holdings,
• Investments that jeopardize a
foundation's charitable purposes,
• Making political or other noncharitable
expenditures,
• Prohibited tax shelter transactions, and
• Excess executive compensation.
Form 5471, Information Return of U.S.
Persons for Certain Foreign Corporations. Used by certain U.S. persons that
are shareholders in certain foreign
corporations, in compliance with sections
6038 and 6046.
Form 5500, Annual Return/Report of
Employee Benefit Plan. Used to report
information concerning employee benefit
plans and Direct Filing Entities.
Form 7004, Application for Automatic
Extension of Time To File Certain Business Income Tax, Information, and
Other Returns. Nonexempt charitable
trusts and taxable foundations use to
request extension of time to file income
tax returns.
Form 8282, Donee Information Return.
Required of the donee of “charitable
deduction property” that sells, exchanges,
or otherwise disposes of the property
within 3 years after the date it received the
property. Also required of any successor
donee that disposes of charitable
deduction property within 3 years after the
date the donor gave the property to the
original donee. It doesn't matter who gave

the property to the successor donee. It
may have been the original donee or
another successor donee.
Form 8283, Noncash Charitable Contributions. Donors must file Form 8283 to
report information about certain noncash
charitable contributions in order to
substantiate a charitable deduction under
section 170. The donor may need to
obtain an acknowledgement by the donee
foundation in Part IV of Form 8283.
Form 8275, Disclosure Statement.
Taxpayers and tax return preparers should
attach this form to Form 990-PF to
disclose items or positions (except those
contrary to a regulation—see Form
8275-R below) that aren't otherwise
adequately disclosed on the tax return.
The disclosure is made to avoid parts of
the accuracy-related penalty imposed for
disregard of rules or substantial
understatement of tax. Form 8275 is also
used for disclosures relating to preparer
penalties for understatements due to
unrealistic positions or for willful or
reckless conduct.
Form 8275-R, Regulation Disclosure
Statement. Use this form to disclose any
item on a tax return for which a position
has been taken that is contrary to
Treasury regulations.
Form 8300, Report of Cash Payments
Over $10,000 Received in a Trade or
Business. Used to report cash amounts
in excess of $10,000 received in a single
transaction (or in two or more related
transactions) in the course of a trade or
business (as defined in section 162).
Form 8621, Information Return by a
Shareholder of a Passive Foreign Investment Company or Qualified Electing Fund. A U.S. person that is a direct or
indirect shareholder of a passive foreign
investment company (PFIC) may need to
file. But see Notice 2014-28, 2014-18
I.R.B. 990, available at IRS.gov/irb/
2014-18_IRB/, with respect to tax-exempt
foundations.
Form 8821, Tax Information Authorization. Used to authorize an individual or
organization to inspect and/or receive your
confidential tax information on designated
matters.
Form 8822-B, Change of Address or
Responsible Party—Business. Used by
taxpayers to notify the IRS of changes in
business mailing address, business
location, or responsible party.
Form 8865, Return of U.S. Persons
With Respect to Certain Foreign Partnerships. Used by U.S. persons to report
information required under section 6038
(controlled foreign partnerships), section
6038B (transfers to foreign partnerships),
or section 6046A (acquisitions,

dispositions, and changes in foreign
partnership interests).
Form 8868, Application for Automatic
Extension of Time To File an Exempt
Organization Return. Used by an
exempt organization to request an
automatic extension of time to file its
return.
Form 8870, Information Return for
Transfers Associated With Certain Personal Benefit Contracts. Used to
identify those personal benefit contracts
for which funds were transferred to the
organization, directly or indirectly, as well
as the transferors and beneficiaries of
those contracts.
Form 8886, Reportable Transaction
Disclosure Statement. Used to disclose
information for each reportable transaction
in which the organization participated,
including but not limited to a prohibited tax
shelter transaction. Exempt organizations
may also be required to file Form 8886-T
in such case.
Form 8886-T, Disclosure by Tax-Exempt Entity Regarding Prohibited Tax
Shelter Transaction. Used by an
exempt organization to disclose that it was
a party to a prohibited tax shelter
transaction.
Form 8899, Notice of Income From Donated Intellectual Property. Used to
report income from qualified intellectual
property.
Form 8940, Request for Miscellaneous
Determination. Used by private
foundations and nonexempt charitable
trusts to obtain certain determinations
including advance approval of individual
grant procedures (section 4945(g)),
advance approval of certain set-asides
(section 4942(g)(2)), advance approval of
voter registration activities (section
4945(f)), and termination of private
foundation status (section 507(b)(1)(B)).
Form 8992, U.S. Shareholder Calculation of Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income (GILTI). Used to figure a U.S.
shareholder’s GILTI under section 951A
and attached to Form 990-PF.
FinCEN Form 114, Report of Foreign
Bank and Financial Accounts. Used by
organizations formed or organized in or
under the laws of the United States to
report a financial interest in or signature
authority over a foreign financial account if
the aggregate value exceeds $10,000 at
any time during the calendar year.

E. Useful Publications

The following publications may be helpful
in preparing Form 990-PF or for other tax
compliance purposes.
• Pub. 15 (Circular E), Employer’s Tax
Guide.
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• Pub. 15-A, Employer’s Supplemental
Tax Guide (Fringe Benefits).
• Pub. 525, Taxable and Nontaxable
Income.
• Pub. 526, Charitable Contributions.
• Pub. 538, Accounting Periods and
Methods.
• Pub. 557, Tax-Exempt Status for Your
Organization.
• Pub. 561, Determining the Value of
Donated Property.
• Pub. 583, Starting a Business and
Keeping Records.
• Pub. 598, Tax on Unrelated Business
Income of Exempt Organizations.
• Pub. 892, How to Appeal an IRS
Decision on Tax-Exempt Status.
• Pub. 946, How To Depreciate Property.
• Pub. 966, Electronic Federal Tax
Payment System: A Guide to Getting
Started.
• Pub. 1771, Charitable
Contributions—Substantiation and
Disclosure Requirements.
• Pub. 3079, Tax-Exempt Organizations
and Gaming.
• Pub. 3833, Disaster Relief, Providing
Assistance Through Charitable
Organizations.
• Pub. 4220, Applying for 501(c)(3)
Tax-Exempt Status.
• Pub. 4221-PF, Compliance Guide for
501(c)(3) Private Foundations.
• Pub. 4302, A Charity’s Guide to Vehicle
Donations.
• Pub. 4303, A Donor’s Guide to Vehicle
Donations.
• Pub. 4386, Compliance
Checks—Examination, Audit or
Compliance Check.
• Pub. 4630, Exempt Organizations
Products and Services Catalog.
Publications and forms are available at no
charge on the IRS website at IRS.gov/
FormsPubs.

F. Use of Form 990-PF To
Satisfy State Reporting
Requirements

Some states and local government units
will accept a copy of Form 990-PF and
required attachments instead of all or part
of their own financial report forms.
If the organization plans to use Form
990-PF to satisfy state or local filing
requirements, such as those from state
charitable solicitation acts, note the
following.
Determine state filing requirements.
Consult the appropriate officials of all
states and other jurisdictions in which the
organization does business to determine
their specific filing requirements. “Doing
business” in a jurisdiction may include any
of the following.

Form 990-PF Instructions

• Soliciting contributions or grants by mail
or otherwise from individuals, businesses,
or other charitable organizations.
• Conducting programs.
• Having employees within that
jurisdiction.
• Maintaining a checking account or
owning or renting property there.
Monetary tests may differ. Some or all
of the dollar limitations that apply to Form
990-PF when filed with the IRS may not
apply when using Form 990-PF instead of
state or local report forms. IRS dollar
limitations that may not meet some state
requirements are the $5,000 total assets
minimum that requires completion of Part
II, column (c), and Part XV; and the
$50,000 minimum for listing the highest
paid employees and for listing
professional fees in Part VIII.
Additional information may be required. State and local filing
requirements may require attaching to
Form 990-PF one or more of the following.
• Additional financial statements, such as
a complete analysis of functional
expenses or a statement of changes in net
assets.
• Notes to financial statements.
• Additional financial schedules.
• A report on the financial statements by
an independent accountant.
• Answers to additional questions and
other information.
Each jurisdiction may require the
additional material to be presented on
forms they provide. The additional
material doesn't have to be submitted with
the Form 990-PF filed with the IRS.
If required information isn't provided to
a state, the organization may be asked by
the state to provide it or to submit an
amended return even if the Form 990-PF
is accepted by the IRS as complete.
Amended returns. If the organization
submits supplemental information or files
an amended Form 990-PF with the IRS, it
must also submit a copy of the information
or amended return to any state with which
it filed a copy of Form 990-PF.
Method of accounting. Many states
require that all amounts be reported based
on the accrual method of accounting.
Time for filing may differ. The time for
filing Form 990-PF with the IRS may differ
from the time for filing state reports.

G. Furnishing Copies of
Form 990-PF to State
Officials

The foundation managers must furnish a
copy of Form 990-PF and Form 4720 (if
applicable) to the Attorney General of:
• Each state required to be listed in Part
VII-A, line 8a;
Form 990-PF Instructions

• The state in which the foundation's
principal office is located; and
• The state in which the foundation was
incorporated or created.
A copy of the annual return must be
sent to the Attorney General at the same
time the annual return is filed with the IRS.
Other requirements. If the Attorney
General or other appropriate state official
of any state requests a copy of the annual
return, the foundation managers must
comply with the request.
Exceptions. These rules don't apply to
any foreign foundation that, from the date
of its creation, has received at least 85%
of its support (excluding gross investment
income) from sources outside the United
States. See General Instruction S, later,
for other exceptions that affect this type of
organization.
Coordination with state reporting requirements. If the foundation managers
submit a copy of Form 990-PF and Form
4720 (if applicable) to a state Attorney
General to satisfy a state reporting
requirement, they don't have to furnish a
second copy to that Attorney General to
comply with the Internal Revenue Code
requirements discussed in this section.
If there is a state reporting requirement
to file a copy of Form 990-PF with a state
official other than the Attorney General (for
instance, the Secretary of State), then the
foundation managers must also send a
copy of the Form 990-PF and Form 4720
(if applicable) to the Attorney General of
that state.

H. Accounting Period

File the 2018 return for the calendar year
2018 or fiscal year beginning in 2018. If
the return is for a fiscal year, fill in the
beginning and ending dates of the tax year
in the spaces at the top of the return.
The return must be filed on the basis of
the established annual accounting period
of the organization. If the organization has
no established accounting period, the
return should be on the calendar-year
basis.
For an initial or final return or for a short
tax year resulting from a change in
accounting period, the 2018 form may
also be used as the return for a short
period (less than 12 months) ending
November 30, 2018, or earlier. The 2018
form may also be used for a short period
beginning after November 30, 2018, and
ending before December 31, 2019 (not on
or after December 31, 2019). When doing
so, provide the information for designated
years listed on the return, other than the
tax year being reported, as if they were
updated on the 2018 form. For example,
provide the information in Part V, line 1, for
the tax years 2014–2018, rather than for
the printed years, 2013–2017.
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In general, to change its accounting
period, the organization must file Form
990-PF by the due date for the short
period resulting from the change. At the
top of this short period return, write
“Change of Accounting Period.”
If the organization has previously
changed its accounting period within the
10-calendar-year period that includes the
beginning of the short period resulting
from the current change in accounting
period, and it had a Form 990-PF filing
requirement at any time during that
10-year period, it must also file Form
1128, Application for Change in
Accounting Method, with the short-period
return. See Rev. Proc. 85-58, 1985-2 C.B.
740, 1985-18 I.R.B. 5.

I. Accounting Methods

Generally, you should report the financial
information requested on the basis of the
accounting method the foundation
regularly uses to keep its books and
records.

Exception. Complete Part I, column (d),
on the cash receipts and disbursements
method of accounting.

J. When, Where, and How
To File
This return must be filed by the 15th day of
the 5th month following the close of the
foundation's tax year. If the regular due
date falls on a Saturday, Sunday, or legal
holiday, file by the next business day. If
the return is filed late, see M. Penalty for
Failure To File Timely, Completely, or
Correctly, later.
In case of a complete liquidation,
dissolution, or termination, file the return
by the 15th day of the 5th month following
complete liquidation, dissolution, or
termination.
To file the return, mail or deliver it to:
Department of the Treasury
Internal Revenue Service Center
Ogden, UT 84201-0027
If the organization's principal business,
office, or agency is located in a foreign
country or U.S. possession, mail or deliver
the return to:
Internal Revenue Service Center
P.O. Box 409101
Ogden, UT 84409
Private delivery services (PDSs). You
can use certain PDSs designated by the
IRS to meet the “timely mailing as timely
filing/paying” rule for tax returns. Go to
IRS.gov/PDS for the current list of
designated services.

The PDSs can tell you how to get
written proof of the mailing date.
For the IRS mailing address to use if
you’re using a PDS, go to IRS.gov/
PDSStreetAddresses.
PDSs can't deliver items to P.O.
boxes. You must use the U.S.
CAUTION Postal Service to mail any item to
an IRS P.O. box address.

!

Electronic Filing

previously filed return. You can download
items from the IRS website at IRS.gov/
FormsPubs.

M. Penalty for Failure To
File Timely, Completely, or
Correctly

To avoid filing an incomplete return or
having to respond to requests for missing
information, see B. Which Parts To
Complete, earlier.

Generally, a private foundation may file its
Form 990-PF by mail, by private delivery,
or electronically. However, if the
foundation files at least 250 returns during
the calendar year, it must file Form 990-PF
electronically. If the foundation must file a
return electronically but doesn't, the
organization is considered to have not
filed its return. See Regulations section
301.6033-4 for more information. For
additional information on the electronic
filing requirement, visit IRS.gov/EFile.

Against the organization. If an
organization doesn't file timely and
completely, or doesn't furnish the correct
information, it must pay $20 for each day
the failure continues ($100 a day if it is a
large organization), unless it can show
that the failure was due to reasonable
cause. The maximum penalty for each
return won't exceed the smaller of $10,000
($52,000 for a large organization) or 5% of
the gross receipts of the organization for
the year.

The IRS may waive the
TIP requirements to file electronically
in cases of undue hardship. For
more information on filing a waiver, see
Notice 2010-13, 2010-4 I.R.B. 327,
available at IRS.gov/irb/2010-04_IRB/
ar14.html.

Large organization. A large
organization is one that has gross receipts
exceeding $1,046,500 for the tax year.

K. Extension of Time To
File

A foundation generally uses Form 8868 to
request an automatic extension of time to
file its return.
An automatic extension will be granted
if you properly complete this form, file it,
and pay any balance due by the due date
for Form 990-PF.

L. Amended Return

To change the organization's return for
any year, file an amended return, including
attachments, with the correct information.
The amended return must provide all the
information required by the form and
instructions, not just the new or corrected
information. Check “Amended return” in
Item G at the top of page 1 of the form.
See the instructions for Part VI, line 9,
later.
If the organization files an amended
return to claim a refund of tax paid under
section 4940 or 4948, it must file the
amended return within 3 years after the
date the original return was filed, or within
2 years from the date the tax was paid,
whichever date is later.

State reporting requirements. See
Amended returns under General
Instruction F, earlier.
Need a copy of an old return or form?
Use Form 4506 to obtain a copy of a

Gross receipts. Gross receipts
means the gross amount received during
the foundation's annual accounting period
from all sources without reduction for any
costs or expenses.
To figure the foundation's gross
receipts, complete the following.
1. Part I, line 12, column (a).
2. Add lines 6b and 10b.
3. Subtract line 6a.
Against the responsible person. The
IRS will make written demand that the
delinquent return be filed or the
information furnished within a reasonable
time after the mailing of the notice of the
demand. The person failing to comply with
the demand on or before the date
specified will have to pay $10 for each day
the failure continues, unless there is
reasonable cause. The maximum penalty
imposed on all persons for any one return
is $5,000. If more than one person is liable
for any failures, all such persons are jointly
and severally liable for such failures. See
section 6652(c) for further information.
Other penalties. Because this return
also satisfies the filing requirements of a
tax return under section 6011 for the tax
on investment income imposed by section
4940 (or 4948 if an exempt foreign
organization), the penalties imposed by
section 6651 for not filing a return (without
reasonable cause) also apply.
There are also criminal penalties for
willful failure to file and for filing fraudulent
returns and statements. See sections
7203, 7206, and 7207.
Most tax-exempt organizations, other
than churches, are required to file an
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annual Form 990, 990-EZ, 990-PF, or
990-N e-Postcard with the IRS. If an
organization fails to file an annual return or
notice for 3 consecutive years, it will
automatically lose its tax-exempt status. A
private foundation that loses its exemption
must file income tax returns and pay
income taxes and must file Form 990-PF
as a taxable private foundation. For
details, go to IRS.gov/EO.

N. Penalties for Not Paying
Tax on Time

There is a penalty for not paying tax when
due (section 6651). The penalty generally
is 1/2 of 1% of the unpaid tax for each
month or part of a month the tax remains
unpaid, not to exceed 25% of the unpaid
tax. If there was reasonable cause for not
paying the tax on time, the penalty can be
waived. However, interest is charged on
any tax not paid on time, at the rate
provided by section 6621.

Estimated tax penalty. The section
6655 penalty for failure to pay estimated
tax applies to the tax on net investment
income of domestic private foundations
and section 4947(a)(1) nonexempt
charitable trusts. The penalty also applies
to any tax on unrelated business income
of a private foundation. Generally, if a
private foundation's tax liability is $500 or
more and it didn't make the required
payments on time, then it is subject to the
penalty.
For more details, see the discussion of
Form 2220, Underpayment of Estimated
Tax by Corporations, in D. Other Forms
You May Need To File, earlier.
A private foundation is also subject to
the section 6656 penalty for failure to
deposit employment taxes when due. See
sections 11 and 12 of Pub. 15 (Circular E),
Employer’s Tax Guide, for details.

O. Figuring and Paying
Estimated Tax

A domestic exempt private foundation, a
domestic taxable private foundation, or a
nonexempt charitable trust treated as a
private foundation must make estimated
tax payments for the excise tax based on
investment income if it can expect its
estimated tax (section 4940 tax minus
allowable credits) to be $500 or more. The
number of installment payments it must
make under the depository method is
determined at the time during the year that
it first meets this requirement. For
calendar-year taxpayers, the first deposit
of estimated taxes for a year generally
should be made by May 15 of the year.
Although Form 990-W is used primarily
to figure the installment payments of
unrelated business income tax, it is also
used to determine the timing and amounts
of installment payments of the section
Form 990-PF Instructions

4940 tax based on investment income.
Figure separately any required deposits of
excise tax based on investment income
and unrelated business income tax.
To figure the estimated tax for the
excise tax based on investment income,
apply the rules of Part VI to your estimated
amounts for that part. Enter the tax you
figured on line 10a of Form 990-W.
The Form 990-W line items and
instructions for large organizations also
apply to private foundations. For purposes
of paying the estimated tax on net
investment income, a “large organization”
is one that had net investment income of
$1 million or more for any of the 3 tax
years immediately preceding the tax year
involved.
Penalty. A foundation that doesn't pay
the proper estimated tax when due may
be subject to the estimated tax penalty for
the period of the underpayment. See
sections 6655(b) and (d) and the Form
2220 instructions for further information.
With regard to figuring and paying
employment taxes, see Pub. 15 (Circular
E).

Special Rules
Section 4947(a)(1) nonexempt charitable trusts. Form 1041-ES should be
used to pay any estimated tax on income
subject to tax under section 1. Form
1041-ES also contains the estimated tax
rules for paying the tax on that income.
Taxable private foundations. Form
1120-W, Estimated Tax for Corporations,
should be used to figure any estimated tax
on income subject to tax under section 11.
Form 1120-W contains the estimated tax
rules for paying the tax on that income.

P. Tax Payment Methods
for Domestic Private
Foundations

Whether the foundation uses the
depository method of tax payment or the
special option for small foundations, it
must pay the tax due (see Part VI) in full
by the 15th day of the 5th month after the
end of its tax year.

Electronic Deposit
Requirement

The foundation must deposit all depository
taxes (such as employment tax, excise
tax, and unrelated business income tax)
electronically using electronic funds
transfer. Generally, such transfers are
made using the Electronic Federal Tax
Payment System (EFTPS). For more
information about EFTPS or to enroll in
EFTPS, visit the EFTPS website at
EFTPS.gov, or call 800-555-4477. You
can also get Pub. 966, Electronic Federal
Tax Payment System: A Guide To Getting

Form 990-PF Instructions

Started. See below for an exception to this
rule for small foundations.
Depositing on time. For deposits made
by EFTPS to be on time, the foundation
generally must submit the transaction at
least 1 business day before the date the
deposit is due. See Pub. 15 (Circular E)
for information on a same-day payment
option under some circumstances.

Special Payment Option for
Small Foundations

A private foundation may pay its section
4940 tax by check or money order,
payable to “United States Treasury,” with
the Form 990-PF or Form 8868,
Application for Automatic Extension of
Time To File an Exempt Organization
Return, if it meets all of the following
requirements.
1. The tax based on investment
income shown on Part VI, line 5, of Form
990-PF is less than $500.
2. If Form 8868 is used, the amount
entered on line 3a must be less than $500
and it must be the full balance due.
Be sure to write “2018 Form 990-PF”
and the foundation's name, address, and
employer identification number (EIN) on
its check or money order.

!

Foreign organizations should see
the instructions for Part VI, line 9.

CAUTION

Q. Public Inspection
Requirements

A private foundation must make its annual
returns and exemption application
available for public inspection.

Definitions
Annual returns. Annual returns include
an exact copy of the following documents
as filed with the IRS.
• Form 990-PF, including all schedules,
attachments, and supporting documents,
and any amended return that is 3 or fewer
years old from:
1. The date the original return was
filed or required to be filed, or
2. The date the return was required to
be filed.
• Form 990-T, if it was used to report any
tax on unrelated business income.
Exemption application. An application
for tax exemption includes (except as
described later):
• Any prescribed application form (such
as Form 1023 or Form 1024),
• Any letter application where a form isn't
required,
• All documents and statements the IRS
requires an applicant to file with the form
or letter application,

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• Any statement or other supporting
document submitted in support of the
application, and
• Any letter or other document issued by
the IRS concerning the application.
An application for tax exemption
doesn't include:
• Any application for tax exemption filed
before July 15, 1987, unless the private
foundation filing the application had a
copy of the application on July 15, 1987;
or
• Any material that isn't available for
public inspection under section 6104.

Who Must Make the Annual
Returns and Exemption
Application Available for Public
Inspection?

The foundation's Form 990-PF, 990-T,
and exemption application must be made
available to the public by the foundation
and the IRS.

How Does a Private Foundation
Make Its Annual Returns and
Exemption Application
Available for Public Inspection?
A private foundation must make its annual
returns and exemption application
available in three ways.
• By office visitation.
• By providing copies.
• By internet posting.

Public Inspection by Office
Visitation
A private foundation must make its annual
returns and exemption application
available for public inspection without
charge at its principal, regional, and
district offices during regular business
hours.
Conditions that may be set for public
inspection at the office. A private
foundation:
• May have an employee present,
• Must allow the individual conducting the
inspection to take notes freely during the
inspection, and
• Must allow an individual to make
photocopies of documents at no charge
but only if the individual brings
photocopying equipment to the place of
inspection.
Determining if a site is a regional or
district office. A regional or district office
is any office of a private foundation, other
than its principal office, that has paid
employees whose total number of paid
hours a week are normally 120 hours or
more. Include the hours worked by
part-time (as well as full-time) employees
in making that determination.

What sites aren't considered a
regional or district office. A site isn't
considered a regional or district office if:
1. The only services provided at the
site further the foundation's exempt
purposes (for example, day care, health
care, or scientific or medical research);
and
2. The site doesn't serve as an office
for management staff, other than
managers who are involved only in
managing the exempt function activities at
the site.
What if the private foundation doesn't
maintain a permanent office? If the
private foundation doesn't maintain a
permanent office, it will comply with the
public inspection by office visitation
requirement by making the annual returns
and exemption application available at a
reasonable location of its choice. It must
permit public inspection:
• Within a reasonable amount of time
after receiving a request for inspection
(normally, not more than 2 weeks), and
• At a reasonable time of day.
Optional method of complying. If a
private foundation that doesn't have a
permanent office wishes not to allow an
inspection by office visitation, it may mail a
copy of the requested documents instead
of allowing an inspection. However, it
must mail the documents within 2 weeks
of receiving the request and may charge
for copying and postage only if the
requester consents to the charge.
Private foundations with a
permanent office but limited or no
hours. Even if a private foundation has a
permanent office but no office hours or
very limited hours during certain times of
the year, it must still meet the office
visitation requirement. To meet this
requirement during those periods when
office hours are limited or not available,
follow the rules above under What if the
private foundation doesn't maintain a
permanent office, earlier.

Public Inspection—Providing
Copies
A private foundation must provide copies
of its annual returns or exemption
application to any individual who makes a
request for a copy in person or in writing
unless it makes these documents widely
available.
In-person requests for document copies. A private foundation must provide
copies to any individual who makes a
request in person at the private
foundation's principal, regional, or district
offices during regular business hours on
the same day that the individual makes the
request.

Accepted delay in fulfilling an
in-person request. If unusual
circumstances exist and fulfilling a request
on the same day places an unreasonable
burden on the private foundation, it must
provide copies by the earlier of:
• The next business day following the
day that the unusual circumstances end,
or
• The fifth business day after the date of
the request.
Examples of unusual circumstances
include:
• Receipt of a volume of requests (for
document copies) that exceeds the private
foundation's daily capacity to make
copies,
• Requests received shortly before the
end of regular business hours that require
an extensive amount of copying, or
• Requests received on a day when the
organization's managerial staff capable of
fulfilling the request is conducting official
duties (for instance, student registration or
attending an off-site meeting or
convention) instead of its regular
administrative duties.
Use of local agents for providing
copies. A private foundation may use a
local agent to handle in-person requests
for document copies. If a private
foundation uses a local agent, it must
immediately provide the local agent's
name, address, and telephone number to
the requester.
The local agent must:
• Be located within reasonable proximity
to the principal, regional, or district office
where the individual makes the request;
and
• Provide document copies within the
same time frames as the private
foundation.
Written requests for document copies.
If a private foundation receives a written
request for a copy of its annual returns or
exemption application (or parts of these
documents), it must give a copy to the
requester. However, this rule only applies
if the request:
• Is addressed to a private foundation's
principal, regional, or district office;
• Is delivered to that address by mail,
electronic mail (email), facsimile (fax), or a
private delivery service approved by the
IRS (see Private delivery services (PDSs),
earlier); and
• Gives the address to which the
document copies should be sent.
How and when a written request is
fulfilled. Requested document copies
must be mailed within 30 days from the
date the private foundation receives the
request.
Unless other evidence exists, a mailed
request or payment is considered to be

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received by the private foundation 7 days
after the postmark date.
If an advance payment is required,
copies must be provided within 30 days
from the date payment is received.
If the private foundation requires
payment in advance and it receives a
request without payment or with
insufficient payment, it must notify the
requester of the prepayment policy and
the amount due within 7 days from the
date it receives the request.
A request that is transmitted to the
private foundation by email or fax is
considered received the day the request is
transmitted successfully.
Requested documents can be emailed
instead of the traditional method of mailing
if the requester consents to this method.
A document copy is considered as
provided on the:
• Postmark date,
• Private delivery date,
• Registration date for certified or
registered mail,
• Postmark date on the sender's receipt
for certified or registered mail, or
• Day the email is successfully
transmitted (if the requester agreed to this
method).
Requests for parts of a document
copy. A person can request all or any
specific part or schedule of the annual
returns or exemption application, and the
private foundation must fulfill the person's
request for a copy.
Can an agent be used to provide
copies? A private foundation can use an
agent to provide document copies for the
written requests it receives. However, the
agent must provide the document copies
under the same conditions imposed on the
private foundation itself. Also, if an agent
fails to provide the documents as required,
the private foundation will continue to be
subject to penalties.
Example. The ABC Foundation
retained an agent to provide copies for all
written requests for documents. However,
ABC Foundation received a request for
document copies before the agent did.
The deadline for providing a response
is referenced by the date the ABC
Foundation received the request and not
when the agent received it. If the agent
received the request first, then a response
would be referenced to the date the agent
received it.
Can a fee be charged for providing
copies? A private foundation may charge
a reasonable fee for providing copies.
Also, it can require the fee to be paid
before providing a copy of the requested
document.

Form 990-PF Instructions

What is a reasonable fee? A fee is
reasonable only if it is no more than the
per-page copying fee charged by the IRS
for providing copies, plus no more than the
actual postage costs incurred to provide
the copies.
What forms of payment must the
private foundation accept? The form of
payment depends on whether the request
for copies is made in person or in writing.
Cash and money order must be
accepted for in-person requests for
document copies. The private foundation,
if it wishes, may accept additional forms of
payment.
Certified check, money order, and
either personal check or credit card must
be accepted for written requests for
document copies. The private foundation,
if it wishes, may accept additional forms of
payment.
Other fee information. If a private
foundation provides a requester with
notice of a fee and the requester doesn't
pay the fee within 30 days, the private
foundation may ignore the request.
If a requester's check doesn't clear on
deposit, the private foundation may ignore
the request.
If a private foundation doesn't require
prepayment and the requester doesn't
prepay, the private foundation must
receive consent from the requester if the
copying and postage charge exceeds $20.
Private foundations subject to a harassment campaign. If the IRS
determines that a private foundation is
being harassed, it isn't required to comply
with any request for copies that it
reasonably believes is part of the
harassment campaign.
A group of requests for a private
foundation's annual returns or exemption
application is indicative of a harassment
campaign if the requests are part of a
single coordinated effort to disrupt the
operations of the private foundation rather
than to collect information about it.
See Regulations section 301.6104(d)-3
for more information.
Requests that may be disregarded
without IRS approval. A private
foundation may disregard any request for
copies of all or part of any document
beyond the first two received within any
30-day period or the first four received
within any 1-year period from the same
individual or the same address.

Making the Annual Returns and
Exemption Application Widely
Available
A private foundation doesn't have to
provide copies of its annual returns and/or
Form 990-PF Instructions

its exemption application if it makes these
documents widely available. However, it
must still allow public inspection by office
visitation.
How does a private foundation make
its annual returns and exemption application widely available? A private
foundation's annual returns and/or
exemption application is widely available if
it meets all four of the following
requirements.
1. Internet posting requirement—This
is met if:
• The document is posted on the
foundation's website, or
• The document is posted as part of a
database of like documents of other
tax-exempt organizations on a website
established and maintained by another
entity.
2. Additional posting information
requirement—This is met if:
• The website through which the
document is available clearly informs
readers that the document is available and
provides instructions for downloading the
document;
• After it is downloaded and viewed, the
web document exactly reproduces the
image of the annual returns or exemption
application as it was originally filed with
the IRS, except for any information
permitted by statute to be withheld from
public disclosure; and
• Any individual with access to the
Internet can access, download, view, and
print the document without special
computer hardware or software required
for that format (except software that is
readily available to members of the public
without payment of any fee) and without
payment of a fee to the private foundation
or to another entity maintaining the web
page.
3. Reliability and accuracy
requirements—To meet this, the entity
maintaining the website must:
• Have procedures for ensuring the
reliability and accuracy of the document
that it posts on the page;
• Take reasonable precautions to prevent
alteration, destruction, or accidental loss
of the document when posted on its page;
and
• Correct or replace the document if a
posted document is altered, destroyed, or
lost.
4. Notice requirement—To meet this,
a private foundation must notify any
individual requesting copies of its annual
returns and/or exemption application
where the documents are available
(including the Internet address). If the
request is made in person, the private
foundation must notify the individual
immediately. If the request is in writing, it
must notify the individual within 7 days of
receiving the request.
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Penalties
A penalty may be imposed on any person
who doesn't make the annual returns
(including all required attachments to each
return) or the exemption application
available for public inspection according to
the section 6104(d) rules discussed
above. If more than one person fails to
comply, each person is jointly and
severally liable for the full amount of the
penalty. The penalty amount is $20 for
each day during which a failure occurs.
The maximum penalty that may be
imposed on all persons for any one annual
return is $10,000. There is no maximum
penalty amount for failure to make the
exemption application available for public
inspection.
Any person who willfully fails to comply
with the section 6104(d) public inspection
requirements is subject to an additional
penalty of $5,000.

Requirements Placed on the
IRS

A private foundation's Form 990-PF,
990-T, and approved exemption
application may be inspected by the public
at an IRS office for your area or at the IRS
National Office in Washington, DC.
To request a copy or to inspect a Form
990-PF, 990-T, or an approved exemption
application, complete Form 4506-A,
Request for Public Inspection or Copy of
Exempt or Political Organization IRS
Form. Generally, there is a charge for
photocopying.
The IRS can provide copies of exempt
organization returns on DVD. Requesters
can order the complete set (for example,
all Forms 990 and 990-EZ or all Forms
990-PF filed for a year) or a partial set by
state or by month. If you are ordering a
partial set on DVD, indicate the format
(Alchemy or raw), state(s), and month(s)
you are ordering. Sample DVD requests
aren't available for individual states. DVDs
and sample DVDs aren't available for
individual exempt organizations. Complete
information, including the cost, is available
on the IRS website. Search “Copies of
Scanned EO Returns Available” at
IRS.gov/Charities- &-Non-Profits/Copiesof-Scanned-EO-Returns-Available.
You may also call 877-829-5500 or
write to the address below for details.
Internal Revenue Service
RAIVS Unit MS:6716
Ogden, UT 84201

R. Disclosures Regarding
Certain Information and
Services Furnished

A section 501(c) organization that offers to
sell or solicits money for specific

information or a routine service to any
individual that could be obtained by the
individual from a federal government
agency free or for a nominal charge must
disclose that fact conspicuously when
making such offer or solicitation.
Any organization that intentionally
disregards this requirement will be subject
to a penalty for each day the offers or
solicitations are made. The penalty is the
greater of $1,000 or 50% of the total cost
of the offers and solicitations made on that
day.

S. Organizations
Organized or Created in a
Foreign Country

If the organization applies any provision of
any U.S. tax treaty to figure the
foundation's taxable income, tax liability,
or tax credits in a manner different from
these instructions, attach an explanation.
Section 4948(a) imposes a 4% tax on
the gross investment income (but not
capital gain net income) of an exempt
foreign private foundation from U.S.
sources, such as dividends, interest,
rents, payments received on securities
loans as defined in section 512(a)(5), and
royalties. Amounts taken into income on
Form 990-T are excepted. The section
4948(a) tax replaces the section 4940 tax
on the net investment income of a
domestic private foundation. To pay any
tax due, see the instructions for Part VI,
line 9. A foreign foundation doesn't
complete Form 990-PF Parts IV and V.
Under section 4948(b), sections 507
and 508 and chapter 42 (other than
section 4948) don't apply to a foreign
organization that from the date of its
creation has received at least 85% of its
support (as defined in section 509(d),
excluding gross investment income) from
sources outside the United States. The
foreign foundation's section 501(c)(3)
status can be revoked, however, if it
commits a violation of chapter 42 (other
than section 4942) after receiving a
warning of a violation from the IRS, or if it
commits a willful and flagrant violation. A
foreign foundation described in section
4948(b) doesn't complete Form 990-PF
Parts X (unless claiming status as an
operating foundation), XI, XIII, and XV,
isn't required to send a copy of its annual
return to a state official, and isn't required
to comply with the public inspection
requirements for annual returns (see G.
Furnishing Copies of Form 990-PF to
State Officials and Q. Public Inspection
Requirements, earlier). The foundation
must attach a computation of the 85% test
to the return.
Taxable foreign private foundations
and foreign section 4947(a)(1) nonexempt
charitable trusts aren't subject to excise

tax under section 4948(a) or 4940, but are
subject to income tax under subtitle A of
the Code.
For these purposes, U.S. territories are
considered part of the United States, and
thus territories' organizations aren't
considered foreign organizations.

T. Liquidation, Dissolution,
Termination, or
Substantial Contraction

If there is a liquidation, dissolution,
termination, or substantial contraction
(defined below) of the organization, attach
the following to the return.
• A statement to the return that describes
the transaction.
• A certified copy of the liquidation plan,
resolution, etc. (if any) and all
amendments or supplements that weren't
previously filed.
• A schedule that lists the names and
addresses of all recipients of assets.
• An explanation of the nature and fair
market value of the assets distributed to
each recipient.

Additional requirements. For a
complete corporate liquidation or trust
termination, attach a statement as to
whether a final distribution of assets was
made and the date it was made (if
applicable).
Also, an organization must indicate:
• That it has ceased to exist and check
Final return in Item G of the Heading
section on page 1 of the return; or
• That it is terminating its private
foundation status under section 507(b)(1)
(B), according to U. Section 507(b)(1)(B)
Termination Notice and Filing
Requirements and V. Payment of Section
4940 Tax During Section 507(b)(1)(B)
Termination, later; or
• That it is voluntarily terminating its
private foundation status under section
507(a)(1) and owes a termination tax and
send the notice (and tax payment, if
applicable) required by Rev. Rul. 2003-13,
2003-4 I.R.B. 305, and Rev. Rul. 2002-28,
2002-20 I.R.B. 941, to the Manager,
Exempt Organizations Determinations, at
the address given in U. Section 507(b)(1)
(B) Termination Notice and Filing
Requirements, later.
Relief from public inspection requirements. If the organization has terminated
its private foundation status under section
507(b)(1)(A), it doesn't have to comply
with the notice and public inspection
requirements of the return for the
termination year.
Filing date. See J. When, Where, and
How To File, earlier, for the filing date.
Definitions. The term “substantial
contraction” includes any partial
liquidation or any other significant
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disposition of assets. However, this
doesn't include transfers for full and
adequate consideration or distributions of
current income.
A significant disposition of assets
doesn't include any disposition for a tax
year if:
1. The total of the dispositions for the
tax year is less than 25% of the fair market
value of the net assets of the organization
at the beginning of the tax year, and
2. The total of the related dispositions
made during prior tax years (if a
disposition is part of a series of related
dispositions made during these prior tax
years) is less than 25% of the fair market
value of the net assets of the organization
at the beginning of the tax year in which
any of the series of related dispositions
was made.
The facts and circumstances of the
particular case will determine whether a
significant disposition has occurred
through a series of related dispositions.
Ordinarily, a distribution described in
section 170(b)(1)(F)(ii) (relating to private
foundations making qualifying distributions
out of corpus equal to 100% of
contributions received during the
foundation's tax year) won't be taken into
account as a significant disposition of
assets. See Regulations section
1.170A-9(h)(2).

U. Section 507(b)(1)(B)
Termination—Notice and
Filing Requirements

A private foundation or nonexempt
charitable trust (other than a foundation or
trust described in section 4948(b)) may
terminate its private foundation status
under section 507(b)(1)(B) by meeting the
requirements of public charity status under
section 509(a)(1), (2), or (3) over a
continuous 60-month period that begins
with the beginning of a tax year of the
organization. The organization must give
proper notice to the IRS prior to the start of
the 60-month period, and establish to the
satisfaction of the IRS within 90 days after
the end of the 60-month period that it so
qualified.
If the organization fails to qualify as a
public charity over the entire 60-month
period, then it will be treated as a private
foundation after the end of the 60-month
period, and for any tax year within the
60-month period in which it didn't qualify
as a public charity.
An organization may give the IRS
notice of termination under section 507(b)
(1)(B) by providing the information set
forth in Regulations section 1.507-2(b)(3)
to the following address.

Form 990-PF Instructions

Internal Revenue Service
TE/GE—EO Determinations
P.O. Box 2508
Cincinnati, OH 45201
Alternatively, an organization may also
give the notice with a request for an
advance ruling that the organization can
be expected to meet the requirements of
public charity status during the 60-month
period. Form 8940, Request for
Miscellaneous Determination, is used for
this purpose. The advantage of an
advance ruling is that the organization’s
grantors and contributors generally can
rely on it during the 60-month period, and
the ruling constitutes reasonable cause for
abatement of penalties for failure to pay
section 4940 tax during the period. The
organization itself can't rely on the ruling to
avoid private foundation status during or
after the 60-month period.
Although an organization terminating
its private foundation status under section
507(b)(1)(B) may be regarded as a public
charity for certain purposes, it is
considered a private foundation for filing
requirement purposes and must file an
annual return on Form 990-PF. The return
must be filed for each year in the
60-month termination period, if that period
hasn't expired before the due date of the
return.
Within 90 days after the end of the
termination period, the organization must
supply information to the IRS establishing
that it has terminated its private foundation
status and, as a result, qualifies as a
public charity. This information is provided
on Form 8940.
If information is furnished establishing a
successful termination, then, for the final
year of the termination period, the
organization should comply with the filing
requirements for the type of public charity
it has become. See the Instructions for
Form 990 and the Instructions for
Schedule A (Form 990 or 990-EZ) for
details on filing requirements. This applies
even if the IRS hasn't confirmed that the
organization has terminated its private
foundation status by the time the return for
the final year of the termination is due (or
would be due if a return were required).
The organization will be allowed a
reasonable period of time to file any
private foundation returns required (for the
last year of the termination period) but not
previously filed if it is later determined that
the organization didn't terminate its private
foundation status. Interest on any tax due
will be charged from the original due date
of Form 990-PF, but penalties under
sections 6651 and 6652 won't be
assessed if Form 990-PF is filed within the
period allowed by the IRS.
Form 990-PF Instructions

V. Payment of Section
4940 Tax During Section
507(b)(1)(B) Termination

An organization terminating its private
foundation status under section 507(b)(1)
(B) may file Form 990-PF without paying
the section 4940 tax based on investment
income if it filed a consent under section
6501(c)(4) with its notice of termination
prior to the start of the 60-month period.
The consent provides that the period of
limitation on the assessment of tax under
chapter 42, based on investment income
for any tax year in the 60-month period,
won't expire until at least 1 year after the
period for assessing a deficiency for the
last tax year in which the 60-month period
would normally expire. Any foundation not
paying the tax when it files Form 990-PF
must attach a copy of the signed consent.
If the foundation didn't file the consent,
the tax must be paid in the normal manner
as explained in O. Figuring and Paying
Estimated Tax and P. Tax Payment
Methods for Domestic Private
Foundations, earlier. The organization
may file a claim for refund after completing
termination or during the termination
period. The claim for refund must be filed
on time and the organization must supply
information establishing that it qualified as
a public charity for the period for which it
paid the tax.

W. Rounding, Currency,
and Attachments
Rounding off to whole dollars. You
may round off cents to whole dollars on
your return and schedules. If you do round
to whole dollars, you must round all
amounts. To round, drop amounts under
50 cents and increase amounts from 50 to
99 cents to the next dollar. For example,
$1.39 becomes $1 and $2.50 becomes
$3.
If you have to add two or more amounts
to figure the amount to enter on a line,
include cents when adding the amounts
and round off only the total.
Currency and language requirements.
Report all amounts in U.S. dollars. State
the conversion rate used. Report all items
in total, including amounts from both U.S.
and non-U.S. sources. All information
must be in English.
Attachments. Use the schedules on
Form 990-PF. If you need more space,
use attachments that are the same size as
the printed forms.
On each attachment, write:
• “Form 990-PF,”
• The tax year,
• The corresponding schedule number or
letter,
• The organization's name and EIN, and
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• The information requested using the
format and line sequence of the printed
form.
Also, show totals on the printed forms.

Specific Instructions
Heading
Name and Address

If the organization operates under a name
different from its legal name, give the legal
name of the organization but identify its
alternate name, after the legal name, by
writing “aka” (also known as) and the
alternate name of the organization. The
address used must be that of the principal
office of the foundation.
Include the suite, room, or other unit
number after the street address. If the post
office doesn't deliver mail to the street
address and the organization has a P.O.
box, show the box number instead of the
street address.

Item A. Employer Identification
Number

The organization should have only one
EIN. If it has more than one EIN, notify the
Internal Revenue Service Center at the
address shown under J. When, Where,
and How To File, earlier. Explain what
numbers the organization has, the name
and address to which each number was
assigned, and the address of the
organization's principal office. The IRS will
then advise which number to use.

Item B. Telephone Number

Enter a foundation telephone number
(including the area code) that the public
and government regulators may use to
obtain information about the foundation's
finances and activities. This information
should be available at this telephone
number during normal business hours. If
the foundation doesn't have a telephone,
enter a telephone number of a foundation
official who can provide this information
during normal business hours.

Item D2. Foreign Organizations

If the foreign organization meets the 85%
test of Regulations section 53.4948-1(b),
then:
• Check the box in D2 in the Heading
section on page 1 of Form 990-PF,
• Check the box at the top of Part XI,
• Don’t fill in Parts XI and XIII,
• Don’t fill in Part X unless it is claiming
status as a private operating foundation,
and
• Attach the computation of the 85% test
to Form 990-PF.
Note. In addition to these requirements,
foreign organizations checking the box in
D1 of the Heading on Form 990-PF don't
complete Part IV or Part I, line 7. See B.

Which Parts To Complete, earlier, for
more details.

Item E. Section 507(b)(1)(A)
Terminations

A private foundation that has terminated
its private foundation status under section
507(b)(1)(A) during the tax year being
reported, by distributing all its net assets
to one or more public charities without
keeping any right, title, or interest in those
assets, should check this box. See Q.
Public Inspection Requirements and T.
Liquidation, Dissolution, Termination, or
Substantial Contraction, earlier.

Item F. 60-Month Termination
Under Section 507(b)(1)(B)

Check this box if the organization is
terminating its private foundation status
under the 60-month provisions of section
507(b)(1)(B) during the period covered by
this return. To begin such a termination, a
private foundation must have given
advance notice to TE/GE at the Cincinnati
address given earlier and provided the
information outlined in Regulations section
1.507-2(b)(3). See U. Section 507(b)(1)(B)
Termination Notice and Filing
Requirements, earlier, for information
regarding filing requirements during a
section 507(b)(1)(B) termination.
See V. Payment of Section 4940 Tax
During Section 507(b)(1)(B) Termination,
earlier, for information regarding payment
of the tax based on investment income
(figured in Part VI) during a section 507(b)
(1)(B) termination.

Item G. Initial Return of Certain
Former Public Charities

If this is the initial Form 990-PF return of a
former public charity under section 170(b)
(1)(A)(vi) or 509(a)(2) or 509(a)(3), then
the organization is treated as a private
foundation for the tax year being reported
only for purposes of section 6033 (filing
Form 990-PF), section 4940 (paying
excise tax on investment income), and
section 507 (terminating private
foundation status).

Item H. Type of Organization

Check the box for “Section 501(c)(3)
exempt private foundation” if the
foundation has a ruling or determination
letter from the IRS in effect that recognizes
its exemption from federal income tax as
an organization described in section
501(c)(3) or if the organization's
exemption application is pending with the
IRS.
Check the “Section 4947(a)(1)
nonexempt charitable trust” box if the trust
is a nonexempt charitable trust treated as
a private foundation. All others, check the
“Other taxable private foundation” box.

Item I. Fair Market Value of All
Assets

In Item I in the Heading on page 1 of Form
990-PF, enter the fair market value of all
assets the foundation held at the end of
the tax year.
This amount should be the same

TIP as the figure reported in Part II,
line 16, column (c).

Part I. Analysis of Revenue
and Expenses
Column Instructions

The total of amounts in columns (b), (c),
and (d) (or any combination of them, such
as columns (b) and (d)) may differ from
the amount in column (a).
The amounts entered in column (a) and
on line 5b must be analyzed in Part XVI-A.

Column (a). Revenue and
Expenses per Books
Enter in column (a) all items of revenue
and expense shown in the books and
records that increased or decreased the
net assets of the organization. However,
don't include the value of services
donated to the foundation or items such as
free use of equipment or facilities in
contributions received. Also, don't include
any expenses used to figure capital gains
and losses on lines 6, 7, and 8 or
expenses included in cost of goods sold
on line 10b. For foundations that don't use
the cash method of accounting for book
purposes, charitable expenditures
reported in column (a) won't necessarily
match amounts reported in column (d).

Column (b). Net Investment
Income
All domestic private foundations (including
section 4947(a)(1) nonexempt charitable
trusts) are required to pay an excise tax
each tax year on net investment income.
Exempt foreign foundations are subject
to an excise tax on gross investment
income from U.S. sources. These foreign
organizations should complete lines 3, 4,
5a, 5b, 11, 12, and 27b of column (b) and
report only income derived from U.S.
sources. No other income should be
included. No expenses are allowed as
deductions.
Definitions. See below.
Gross investment income. Gross
investment income is the total amount of
investment income that was received by a
private foundation from all sources.
However, it doesn't include any income
subject to the unrelated business income
tax. It includes interest, dividends, rents,
-14-

payments with respect to securities loans
(as defined in section 512(a)(5)), royalties
received from assets devoted to charitable
activities, income from notional principal
contracts (as defined in Regulations
section 1.863-7), annuities, substantially
similar income from ordinary and routine
investments, and income from similar
sources. Therefore, interest received on a
student loan is includible in the gross
investment income of a private foundation
making the loan.
Net investment income. Net
investment income is the amount by which
the sum of gross investment income and
the capital gain net income exceeds the
allowable deductions discussed later.
Tax-exempt interest on governmental
obligations and related expenses are
excluded.
Investment income. Include in column
(b) all or part of any amount from column
(a) that applies to investment income.
However, don't include in column (b) any
income and related expenses reported on
Form 990-T.
For example, investment income from
debt-financed property unrelated to the
organization's charitable purpose and
certain rents (and related expenses)
treated as unrelated trade or business
income should be reported on Form
990-T. Income from debt-financed
property that isn't taxed under section 511
is taxed under section 4940. Thus, if the
debt/basis percentage of a debt-financed
property is 80%, only 80% of the gross
income (and expenses) for that property is
used to figure the section 511 tax on Form
990-T. The remaining 20% of the gross
income (and expenses) of that property is
used to figure the section 4940 tax on net
investment income on Form 990-PF. (See
Form 990-T and its instructions for more
information.)
Investment expenses. Include in
column (b) all ordinary and necessary
expenses paid or incurred to produce or
collect investment income from interest,
dividends, rents, amounts received from
payments on securities loans (as defined
in section 512(a)(5)), royalties, income
from notional principal contracts,
annuities, substantially similar income
from ordinary and routine investments,
and income from similar sources; or for
the management, conservation, or
maintenance of property held for the
production of income that is taxable under
section 4940.
If any of the expenses listed in column
(a) are paid or incurred for both
investment and charitable purposes, they
must be allocated on a reasonable basis
between the investment activities and the
charitable activities so that only expenses
from investment activities appear in
Form 990-PF Instructions

column (b). Examples of allocation
methods are given in the instructions for
Part IX-A.
Limitation. The deduction for
expenses paid or incurred in any tax year
for producing gross investment income
earned incident to a charitable function
can't be more than income earned from
the function includible as gross investment
income for the year.
For example, if rental income is
incidentally realized in 2018 from historic
buildings held open to the public,
deductions for amounts paid or incurred in
2018 for the production of this income may
not be more than the amount of rental
income includible as gross investment
income in column (b) for 2018.
Expenses related to tax-exempt
interest. Don’t include on lines 13–23 of
column (b) any expenses paid or incurred
that are allocable to tax-exempt interest
that is excluded from lines 3 and 4.
If the foundation is a partner in a

TIP partnership or a shareholder of an

S corporation, then pertinent items
of income, gain, loss, deduction, or credit
from the entity's Schedule K-1 (Form 1065
or 1120S) generally should be reported in
columns (b) and (c) for the tax year of the
entity ending with or within the
foundation's tax year. See Regulations
sections 53.4940-1(c)(1) and
53.4942(a)-2(d)(1).
By contrast, if the foundation is a
beneficiary of a trust, distributions from the
trust aren't included in income in column
(c) if the trust was created and funded by a
person other than the foundation, and
aren't included in column (b). See
Regulations section 53.4942(a)-2(d)(2)
(vii) and Notice 2004-35, 2004-19 I.R.B.
889, available at IRS.gov/irb/
2004-19_IRB/index.html.

Column (c). Adjusted Net Income
Nonoperating private foundations

TIP should see Nonoperating private

foundations, later, to find out if
they need to complete column (c).

Private operating foundations. All
organizations that claim status as private
operating foundations under section
4942(j)(3) or (5) must complete all lines of
column (c) that apply, according to the
general rules for income and expenses
that apply to this column, the specific line
instructions for lines 3–27c, the special
rule, later, and Examples 1 and 2, later.
General rules. In general, adjusted net
income is the amount of a private
foundation's gross income that is more
than the expenses of earning the income.
The modifications and exclusions
explained below are applied to gross
Form 990-PF Instructions

income and expenses in figuring adjusted
net income.
For income and expenses, include on
each line of column (c) only that portion of
the amount from column (a) allocable to
the adjusted net income computation.
Income. For column (c), include
income from charitable functions,
investments, related and unrelated
business, and amounts set aside;
short-term capital gains and losses;
recoveries of amounts that were treated
as qualifying distributions in prior tax
years; and amounts set aside that are
determined not to be needed for the
purposes for which they were set aside.
Don’t include gifts, grants or contributions,
or long-term capital gains or losses.
Expenses. Deductible expenses
include the part of a private foundation's
operating expenses paid or incurred to
produce or collect gross income reported
on lines 3–11 of column (c). If only part of
the property produces income includible in
column (c), deductions such as interest,
taxes, and rent must be divided between
the charitable and noncharitable uses of
the property. If the deductions for property
used for a charitable, educational, or other
similar purpose are more than the income
from the property, the excess won't be
allowed as a deduction but may be treated
as a qualifying distribution in Part I,
column (d). See Examples 1 and 2 below.
Special rule. The expenses attributable
to each specific charitable activity, limited
by the amount of income from the activity,
must be reported in column (c) on lines
13–26. If the expenses of any charitable
activity exceed the income generated by
that activity, only the excess of these
expenses over the income should be
reported in column (d).
Examples.
1. A charitable activity generated
$5,000 of income and $4,000 of
expenses. Report all income and
expenses in column (c) and none in
column (d).
2. A charitable activity generated
$5,000 of income and $6,000 of
expenses. Report $5,000 of income and
$5,000 of expenses in column (c) and the
excess expenses of $1,000 in column (d).
Nonoperating private foundations. A
foundation that doesn't claim status as a
private operating foundation isn't required
to complete column (c) unless either of the
following applies.
1. The foundation received income
from a charitable activity and wishes to
claim a qualifying distribution for expenses
incurred in the activity in excess of the
income. The foundation must report such
income only on lines 10 and/or 11 in
-15-

column (c), and any expenses relating to
this income following the general rules and
the special rule above. See Examples 1
and 2 above. The foundation need not
report other kinds of income and
expenses (such as investment income
and expenses) in column (c).
2. The foundation claims status under
section 170(b)(1)(F)(iii) (relating to
foundations that maintain a common
fund). The foundation must complete all
lines of column (c) that apply.

Column (d). Disbursements for
Charitable Purposes
Expenses entered in column (d) relate to
activities that constitute the charitable
purpose(s) of the foundation.
For amounts entered in column (d):

• Use the cash receipts and

disbursements method of accounting no
matter what accounting method is used in
keeping the books of the foundation;
• Don’t include any amount or part of an
amount included in column (b) or (c);
• Include on lines 13–25 all expenses,
including necessary and reasonable
administrative expenses, paid by the
foundation for religious, charitable,
scientific, literary, educational, or other
public purposes, or for the prevention of
cruelty to children or animals;
• Include a distribution of property at the
fair market value on the date the
distribution was made; and
• Include only the part entered in column
(a) that is allocable to the charitable
purposes of the foundation.
Example. An educational seminar
produced $1,000 in income that was
reportable in columns (a) and (c).
Expenses attributable to this charitable
activity were $1,900. Only $1,000 of
expense should be reported in column (c)
and the remaining $900 in expense should
be reported in column (d).
Qualifying distributions. Generally,
amounts paid to accomplish the
foundation’s exempt purposes are
qualifying distributions. Special rules apply
in certain situations—see the line 25,
column (d), instructions.
The total of the expenses and

TIP disbursements on line 26 is also

entered on line 1a in Part XII to
figure qualifying distributions.

Alternative to completing lines 13–25.
If you want to provide an analysis of
disbursements that is more detailed than
column (d), you may attach a schedule
instead of completing lines 13–25. The
schedule must include all the specific
items of lines 13–25, and the total from the
schedule must be entered on line 26,
column (d).

Line Instructions
Line 1. Contributions, gifts, grants,
etc., received. Enter the total of gross
contributions, gifts, grants, and similar
amounts received.
Schedule B (Form 990, 990-EZ, or
990-PF). If money, securities, or other
property valued at $5,000 or more was
received directly or indirectly from any one
person during the year, complete
Schedule B and attach it to the return. If
the foundation isn't required to complete
Schedule B (no person contributed $5,000
or more), be sure to check the box on
line 2.
To determine whether a person has
contributed $5,000 or more, total only gifts
of $1,000 or more from each person.
Separate and independent gifts need not
be totaled if less than $1,000. If a
contribution is in the form of property,
describe the property and include its fair
market value.
The term “person” includes individuals,
fiduciaries, partnerships, corporations,
associations, trusts, and exempt
organizations.
Split-interest trusts. Distributions
from split-interest trusts should be entered
on line 1, column (a). They are a part of
the amount on line 1.
Substantiation requirements. An
organization must keep records, as
required by the regulations under section
170.
Generally, a donor making a charitable
contribution of $250 or more won't be
allowed a federal income tax deduction
unless the donor obtains a written
acknowledgment from the donee
organization by the earlier of the date on
which the donor files a tax return for the
tax year in which the contribution was
made or the due date, including
extensions, for filing that return. However,
see section 170(f)(8)(D) and Regulations
section 1.170A-13(f) for exceptions to this
rule.
The written acknowledgment the
foundation provides to the donor must
show:
1. The amount of cash contributed;
2. A description of any property
contributed;
3. Whether the foundation provided
any goods or services to the donor; and
4. A description and a good-faith
estimate of the value of any goods or
services the foundation gave in return for
the contribution, unless:
a. The goods and services have
insubstantial value, or

b. A statement is included that these
goods and services consist solely of
intangible religious benefits.

discount, report the original issue discount
ratably over the life of the bond on line 4.
See section 1272 for more information.

Generally, if a charitable organization
solicits or receives a contribution of more
than $75 for which it gives the donor
something in return (a quid pro quo
contribution), the organization must inform
the donor, by written statement, that the
amount of the contribution deductible for
federal income tax purposes is limited to
the amount by which the contribution
exceeds the value of the goods or
services received by the donor. The
written statement must also provide the
donor with a good-faith estimate of the
value of goods or services given in return
for the contribution.

In column (b). Enter the amount of
dividend and interest income and
payments on securities loans from column
(a). Don’t include interest on tax-exempt
government obligations.

Penalties. An organization that
doesn't make the required disclosure for
each quid pro quo contribution will incur a
penalty of $10 for each failure, not to
exceed $5,000 for a particular fundraising
event or mailing, unless it can show
reasonable cause for not providing the
disclosure.
For more information. See
Regulations section 1.170A-13 for more
information on charitable recordkeeping
and substantiation requirements.
Line 2. Check this box if the foundation
isn't required to attach Schedule B.
Line 3. Interest on savings and temporary cash investments. Enter in the
columns below.
In column (a). Enter the total amount
of interest income from investments
reportable in Part II, line 2. These include
savings or other interest-bearing accounts
and temporary cash investments, such as
money market funds, commercial paper,
certificates of deposit, and U.S. Treasury
bills or other government obligations that
mature in less than 1 year.
In column (b). Enter the amount of
interest income shown in column (a). Don’t
include interest on tax-exempt
government obligations.
In column (c). Enter the amount of
interest income shown in column (a).
Include interest on tax-exempt
government obligations.
Line 4. Dividends and interest from securities. Enter in the columns below.
In column (a). Enter the amount of
dividend and interest income from
securities (stocks and bonds) reportable in
Part II, line 10. Include amounts received
from payments on securities loans as
defined in section 512(a)(5). Don’t include
any capital gain dividends reportable on
line 6a. Report income from
program-related investments on line 11.
For debt instruments with an original issue
-16-

In column (c). Enter the amount of
dividend and interest income and
payments on securities loans from column
(a). Include interest on tax-exempt
government obligations.
Line 5a. Gross rents. Enter in the
columns below.
In column (a). Enter the gross rental
income for the year from investment
property reportable in Part II, line 11.
In columns (b) and (c). Enter the
gross rental income from column (a).
Line 5b. Net rental income or (loss).
Figure the net rental income or (loss) for
the year and enter that amount on the
entry line to the left of column (a).
Report rents from other sources on
line 11. Enter any expenses attributable to
the rental income reported on line 5, such
as interest and depreciation, on lines 13–
23.
Line 6a. Net gain or (loss) from sale of
assets. Enter the net gain or (loss) per
books from all asset sales not included on
line 10.
For assets sold and not included in Part
IV, attach a schedule showing:
• Date acquired;
• Manner of acquisition;
• Gross sales price;
• Cost, other basis, or value at time of
acquisition (if donated) and which of these
methods was used;
• Date sold;
• To whom sold;
• Expense of sale and cost of
improvements made subsequent to
acquisition; and
• Depreciation since acquisition (if
depreciable property).
Line 6b. Gross sales price for all assets on line 6a. Enter the gross sales
price from all asset sales whose net gain
or loss was reported on line 6a.
Line 7. Capital gain net income. Enter
the capital gain net income from Part IV,
line 2. See the Part IV instructions.
Line 8. Net short-term capital gain.
Include only net short-term capital gain for
the year (assets sold or exchanged that
were held not more than 1 year). Don’t
include net long-term capital gain or net
loss in column (c).
Don’t include on line 8 a net gain from
the sale or exchange of depreciable
Form 990-PF Instructions

property, or land used in a trade or
business (section 1231) and held for more
than 1 year. However, include net loss
from such property on line 23 as an Other
expense.
In general, foundations may carry to
line 8 the net short-term capital gain
reported in Part IV, line 3. However, if the
foundation had any short-term capital gain
from sales of debt-financed property, add
it to the amount reported in Part IV, line 3,
to figure the amount to include on line 8.
For information dealing with
“debt-financed property,” see the
Instructions for Form 990-T.
Only private operating foundations

TIP report their short-term capital
gains on line 8.

Line 9. Income modifications. Include
on this line:
1. Amounts received or accrued as
repayments of amounts taken into account
as qualifying distributions;
2. Amounts received or accrued from
the sale or other disposition of property to
the extent that the acquisition of the
property was considered a qualifying
distribution for any tax year;
3. Any amount set aside for a specific
project (see explanation in the instructions
for Part XII) that wasn't necessary for the
purposes for which it was set aside;
4. Income received from an estate,
but only if the estate was considered
terminated for income tax purposes due to
a prolonged administration period; and
5. Amounts treated in an earlier tax
year as qualifying distributions to:

• A nonoperating private foundation if the
amounts weren't redistributed by the
grantee organization by the close of its tax
year following the year in which it received
the funds, or
• An organization controlled by the
distributing foundation or a disqualified
person if the amounts weren't redistributed
by the grantee organization by the close of
its tax year following the year in which it
received the funds.
Lines 10a, b, c. Gross profit from sales
of inventory. Enter the gross sales (less
returns and allowances), cost of goods
sold, and gross profit or (loss) from the
sale of all inventory items, including those
sold in the course of special events and
activities. These inventory items are the
ones the organization either makes to sell
to others or buys for resale.
Don’t report any sales or exchanges of
investments on line 10.
Don’t include any profit or (loss) from
the sale of capital items such as
securities, land, buildings, or equipment
on line 10. Enter these amounts on
line 6a.
Form 990-PF Instructions

Don’t include any business expenses
such as salaries, taxes, rent, etc., on
line 10. Include them on lines 13–23.
Attach a schedule showing the
following items: gross sales, cost of goods
sold, and gross profit or (loss). These
items should be classified according to
type of inventory sold (such as books,
tapes, other educational or religious
material, etc.). The totals from the
schedule should agree with the entries on
lines 10a–10c.
In column (c), enter the gross profit or
(loss) from sales of inventory shown on
line 10c, column (a).
Line 11. Other income. Enter the total of
all the foundation's other income for the
year. Attach a schedule that gives a
description and the amount of the income.
Include all income not reported on lines 1
through 10c. Also, see the instructions for
Part XVI-A, line 11, later.
Include imputed interest on certain
deferred payments figured under section
483 and any investment income not
reportable on lines 3 through 5, including
income from program-related investments
(defined in the instructions for Part IX-B).
Don’t include unrealized gains and
losses on investments carried at market
value. Report those as fund balance or net
asset adjustments in Part III.
If you have a section 965(a) inclusion
for the tax year, enter that amount on
line 11. A section 965(c) deduction is not
treated as an ordinary and necessary
expense for purposes of section 4940(c)
(3). Additionally, elections may not be
made under section 965(h) to pay the tax
imposed under section 4940 in eight
installments. You must also complete and
attach Form 965, Inclusion of Deferred
Foreign Income Upon Transition to
Participation Exemption System, and
applicable schedules, as well as Form
965-B, Corporate and Real Estate
Investment Trust (REIT) Report of Net 965
Tax Liability and Electing REIT Report of
965 Amounts. On Form 965-B, complete
Part I, columns (b) through (d) only and,
for purposes of Form 965-B, treat the
excise tax liability as the net tax liability.
Include the foundation's GILTI under
section 951A.
In column (b). Enter the amount of
investment income included in line 11,
column (a). Include dividends, interest,
rents, and royalties derived from assets
devoted to charitable activities, such as
interest on student loans.
In column (c). Include all other items
includible in adjusted net income not
covered elsewhere in column (c).
Line 12. Total. Enter the total of lines 1–
11 in columns (a)–(c).
-17-

In column (b). Domestic
organizations should enter the total of
lines 3–11. Tax-exempt foreign
foundations should exclude the line 7
amount from the total.
Line 13. Compensation of officers, directors, trustees, etc. Enter in the
columns below.
In column (a). Enter the total
compensation for the year of all officers,
directors, and trustees. If none was paid,
enter zero. Complete line 1 of Part VIII to
show the compensation of officers,
directors, trustees, and foundation
managers.
In columns (b), (c), and (d). Enter
the portion of the compensation included
in column (a) that is applicable to the
column. For example, in column (c), enter
the portion of the compensation included
in column (a) paid or incurred to produce
or collect income included in column (c).
Line 14. Other employee salaries and
wages. Enter the salaries and wages of
all employees other than those included
on line 13.
Employee leasing companies and
professional employer organizations.
In some cases, an exempt organization
“leases” one or more “employees” from
another company, which may be in the
business of leasing employees.
Alternatively, the organization may enter
into an agreement with a professional
employer organization to perform some or
all of the federal employment tax
withholding, reporting, and payment
functions related to workers performing
services for the organization. The
organization should treat employees of an
employee leasing company or a
professional employer organization
(whether or not certified under the
Certified Professional Employer
Organization Program) as the
organization's own employees and should
report the compensation and other items
in Part IV as if the organization had paid
the officers, directors, trustees, and key
employees directly.
Line 15. Contributions to employee
pension plans and other benefits.
Enter the employer's share of
contributions the organization paid to
qualified and nonqualified pension plans
and the employer's share of contributions
to employee benefit programs (such as
insurance, health, and welfare programs)
that aren't an incidental part of a pension
plan. Complete the return/report of the
Form 5500 series appropriate for the
organization's plan. See the Instructions
for Form 5500 for information about
employee welfare benefit plans required to
file that form.

Also include the amount of federal,
state, and local payroll taxes for the year,
but only include those that are imposed on
the organization as an employer. This
includes the employer's share of social
security and Medicare taxes, FUTA tax,
state unemployment compensation tax,
and other state and local payroll taxes.
Don’t include taxes withheld from
employees' salaries and paid over to the
various governmental units (such as
federal and state income taxes and the
employee's share of social security and
Medicare taxes).
Lines 16a, b, and c. Legal, accounting,
and other professional fees. On the
appropriate line(s), enter the legal,
accounting, auditing, and other
professional fees (such as fees for
fundraising or investment services)
charged by outside firms and individuals
who aren't employees of the foundation.
Attach a schedule for lines 16a, b, and
c. Show the type of service and expense
for each. If the same person provided
more than one of these services, include
an allocation of those expenses.
Report any fines, penalties, or
judgments imposed against the foundation
as a result of legal proceedings on line 23.
Line 18. Taxes. Attach a schedule listing
the type and amount of each tax reported
on line 18. Don’t enter any taxes included
on line 15.
In column (a). Enter the taxes paid (or
accrued) during the year. Include all types
of taxes recorded on the books, including
real estate tax not reported on line 20, the
tax on investment income, and any
income tax.
In column (b). Enter only those taxes
included in column (a) related to
investment income taxable under section
4940. Don’t include the section 4940 tax
paid or incurred on net investment income
or the section 511 tax on unrelated
business income. Sales taxes may not be
deducted separately but must be treated
as a part of the cost of acquired property
or as a reduction of the amount realized
on disposition of the property.
In column (c). Enter only those taxes
included in column (a) that relate to
income included in column (c). Don’t
include any excise tax paid or incurred on
the net investment income (as shown in
Part VI) or any tax reported on Form
990-T.
In column (d). Don’t include any
excise tax paid on investment income (as
reported in Part VI of this return or the
equivalent part of a return for prior years)
unless the organization is claiming status
as a private operating foundation and
completes Part XIV.

Line 19. Depreciation and depletion.
In column (a). Enter the expense
recorded in the books for the year.
For depreciation, attach a schedule
showing:
• A description of the property,
• The date acquired,
• The cost or other basis (exclude any
land),
• The depreciation allowed or allowable
in prior years,
• The method of computation,
• The rate (%) or life (years), and
• The depreciation this year.
On a separate line on the schedule,
show the amount of depreciation included
in cost of goods sold and not included on
line 19.
In columns (b) and (c). A deduction
for depreciation is allowed only for
property used in the production of income
reported in the column, and only using the
straight line method of figuring
depreciation. A deduction for depletion is
allowed but must be figured only using the
cost depletion method.
The basis used in figuring depreciation
and depletion is the basis determined
under normal basis rules, without regard
to the special rules for using the fair
market value on December 31, 1969, that
relate only to gain or loss on dispositions
for purposes of the tax on net investment
income.
Line 20. Occupancy. Enter the amount
paid or incurred for the use of office space
or other facilities. If the space is rented or
leased, enter the amount of rent. If the
space is owned, enter the amount of
mortgage interest, real estate taxes, and
similar expenses, but not depreciation
reportable on line 19. In either case,
include the amount for utilities and related
expenses (for example, heat, lights, water,
power, telephone, sewer, trash removal,
outside janitorial services, and similar
services). Don’t include any salaries of the
organization's own employees reportable
on line 14.
Line 21. Travel, conferences, and
meetings. Enter the expenses for
officers, employees, or others during the
year for travel, attending conferences,
meetings, etc. Include transportation
(including fares, mileage allowance, or
automobile expenses), meals and lodging,
and related costs whether paid on the
basis of a per diem allowance or actual
expenses incurred. Don’t include any
compensation paid to those who
participate.
In column (b). Only 50% of the
expense for business meals, etc., paid or
incurred in connection with travel,
meetings, etc., relating to the production
of investment income may be deducted in
-18-

figuring net investment income (section
274(n)).
In column (c). Subject to the Special
rule, earlier, limiting amounts reported in
column (c) by the income generated by a
charitable activity, enter the total amount
of expenses paid or incurred by officers,
employees, or others for travel,
conferences, meetings, etc., related to
income included in column (c).
Line 22. Printing and publications.
Enter the expenses for printing or
publishing and distributing any
newsletters, magazines, etc. Also include
the cost of subscriptions to, or purchases
of, magazines, newspapers, etc.
Line 23. Other expenses. Enter all other
expenses for the year. Include all
expenses not reported on lines 13–22.
Attach a schedule showing the type and
amount of each expense.
If a deduction is claimed for
amortization, attach a schedule showing:
• Description of the amortized expenses;
• Date acquired, completed, or
expended;
• Amount amortized;
• Deduction for prior years;
• Amortization period (number of
months);
• Current-year amortization; and
• Total amount of amortization.
In column (c). In addition to the
applicable portion of expenses from
column (a), include any net loss from the
sale or exchange of land or depreciable
property that was held for more than
1 year and used in a trade or business.
A deduction for amortization is allowed
but only for assets used for the production
of income reported in column (c).
Line 25. Contributions, gifts, grants
paid. Don’t report on line 25 direct
program expenditures that aren't
contributions, gifts, or grants. These
amounts should be reported on lines 13–
24.
In column (a). Enter the total of all
contributions, gifts, grants, and similar
amounts paid (or accrued) for the year.
List each contribution, gift, grant, etc., in
Part XV, or attach a schedule of the items
included on line 25 and list:
1. Each class of activity;
2. A separate total for each activity;
3. Name and address of donee;
4. Relationship of donee if related by:
a. Blood,
b. Marriage,
c. Adoption, or
d. Employment (including children of
employees) to any disqualified person

Form 990-PF Instructions

(see General Instruction C, earlier, for
definitions); and
5. The organizational status of donee
(for instance, public charity—an
organization described in section 509(a)
(1), (2), or (3)).
You don't have to give the name of any
indigent person who received one or more
gifts or grants from the foundation unless
that individual is a disqualified person or
one who received a total of more than
$1,000 from the foundation during the
year.
Activities should be classified
according to purpose and in greater detail
than merely classifying them as charitable,
educational, religious, or scientific
activities. For example, use identification
such as payments for nursing service, for
fellowships, or for assistance to indigent
families.
Foundations may include, as a single
entry on the schedule, the total of amounts
paid as grants for which the foundation
exercised expenditure responsibility.
Attach a separate report for each grant.
When the fair market value of the
property at the time of disbursement is the
measure of a contribution, the schedule
must also show:
• A description of the contributed
property,
• The book value of the contributed
property,
• The method used to determine the
book value,
• The method used to determine the fair
market value, and
• The date of the gift.
The difference between fair

TIP market value and book value

should be shown in the books of
account and as a net asset adjustment in
Part III.
In column (d). Enter on line 25 all
contributions, gifts, and grants the
foundation paid during the year with the
following exceptions.
• Don’t include contributions to
organizations controlled by the foundation
or by one or more disqualified persons, or
contributions to nonoperating private
foundations, unless the donee
organization is exempt from tax under
section 501(c)(3) and redistributes the
contributions, and the foundation
maintains sufficient evidence of
redistribution, in accordance with section
4942(g)(3) and Regulations section
53.4942(a)-3(c).
• Don’t include contributions paid from a
nonoperating private foundation to a Type
III supporting organization as defined
under section 4943(f)(5) that isn't a
functionally integrated Type III supporting
organization as defined under section
Form 990-PF Instructions

4943(f)(5)(B). See Regulations section
1.509(a)-4(i) and Notice 2014-4, 2014-2
I.R.B. 274, available at IRS.gov/irb/
2014-2_IRB/ar14.html.
• Don’t include contributions paid from a
nonoperating private foundation to any
supporting organization if a disqualified
person of the private foundation controls
the supporting organization or any of its
supported organizations. See Regulations
section 53.4942(a)–3(a)(3).
• Don’t reduce the amount of grants paid
in the current year by the amount of grants
paid in a prior year returned or recovered
in the current year. Report those
repayments on Part I, line 9, column (c),
and in Part XI, line 4.
• Don’t include any payments of
set-asides (see the instructions for Part
XII, line 3) taken into account as qualifying
distributions in the current year or any
prior year. All set-asides are included in
qualifying distributions (Part XII, line 3) in
the year of the set-aside, regardless of
when paid.
• Don’t include current-year write-offs of
prior years' program-related investments.
All program-related investments are
included in qualifying distributions (Part
XII, line 1b) in the year the investment is
made.
• Don’t include any payments that aren't
qualifying distributions as defined in
section 4942(g)(1).

Net Amounts
Line 27a. Excess of revenue over expenses and disbursements. Subtract
line 26, column (a), from line 12, column
(a), and enter the result. Generally, the
amount shown in column (a) on this line is
also the amount by which net assets (or
fund balances) have increased or
decreased for the year. See the
instructions for Part III, later.
Line 27b. Net investment income.
Domestic organizations should subtract
line 26, column (b), from line 12, column
(b), and enter the result. Exempt foreign
organizations should enter the amount
shown on line 12, column (b). However, if
the organization is a domestic
organization and line 26, column (b), is
more than line 12, column (b) (such as
when expenses exceed income), enter
zero (not a negative amount).
Line 27c. Adjusted net income.
Subtract line 26, column (c), from line 12,
column (c), and enter the result.

Part II. Balance Sheets

For column (b), show the book value at the
end of the year. For column (c), show the
fair market value at the end of the year.
Attached schedules must show the
end-of-year value for each asset listed in
columns (b) and (c).
-19-

Foundations whose books of account
included total assets of $5,000 or more at
any time during the year must complete all
of columns (a), (b), and (c).
Foundations with less than $5,000 of
total assets per books at all times during
the year must complete all of columns (a)
and (b) and only line 16 of column (c).
Line 1. Cash—Non-interest-bearing.
Enter the amount of cash on deposit in
checking accounts, deposits in transit,
change funds, petty cash funds, and any
other non-interest-bearing account. Don’t
include advances to employees or officers
or refundable deposits paid to suppliers or
others.
Line 2. Savings and temporary cash investments. Enter the total of cash in
savings or other interest-bearing accounts
and temporary cash investments, such as
money market funds, commercial paper,
certificates of deposit, and U.S. Treasury
bills or other governmental obligations that
mature in less than 1 year.
Line 3. Accounts receivable. On the
dashed lines to the left of column (a), enter
the year-end figures for total accounts
receivable and allowance for doubtful
accounts from the sale of goods and/or
the performance of services. In columns
(a), (b), and (c), enter net amounts (total
accounts receivable reduced by the
corresponding allowance for doubtful
accounts). Claims against vendors or
refundable deposits with suppliers or
others may be reported here if not
significant in amount. (Otherwise, report
them on line 15.) Any receivables due
from officers, directors, trustees,
foundation managers, or other disqualified
persons must be reported on line 6.
Report receivables (including loans and
advances) due from other employees on
line 15.
Line 4. Pledges receivable. On the
dashed lines to the left of column (a), enter
the year-end figures for total pledges
receivable and allowance for doubtful
accounts (pledges estimated to be
uncollectible). In columns (a), (b), and (c),
enter net amounts (total pledges
receivable reduced by the corresponding
allowance for doubtful accounts).
Line 5. Grants receivable. Enter the
total grants receivable from governmental
agencies, foundations, and other
organizations as of the beginning and end
of the year.
Line 6. Receivables due from officers,
directors, trustees, and other disqualified persons. Enter here (and on an
attached schedule described below) all
receivables due from officers, directors,
trustees, foundation managers, and other
disqualified persons and all secured and
unsecured loans (including advances) to

such persons. Don’t adjust the amounts
reported by any amount(s) estimated to be
uncollectible. Disqualified person is
defined in General Instruction C, earlier.
Attached schedules. 1. On the
required schedule, report each loan
separately, even if more than one loan
was made to the same person or the same
terms apply to all loans made. Salary
advances and other advances for the
personal use and benefit of the recipient
and receivables subject to special terms
or arising from transactions not
functionally related to the foundation's
charitable purposes must be reported as
separate loans for each officer, director,
etc.
2. Receivables that are subject to the
same terms and conditions (including
credit limits and rate of interest) as
receivables due from the general public
from an activity functionally related to the
foundation's charitable purposes may be
reported as a single total for all the
officers, directors, etc. Travel advances
made for official business of the
organization may also be reported as a
single total.
For each outstanding loan or other
receivable that must be reported
separately, the attached schedule should
show the following information (preferably
using columns).
1. Borrower's name and title.
2. Original amount.
3. Balance due.
4. Date of note.
5. Maturity date.
6. Repayment terms.
7. Interest rate.
8. Security provided by the borrower.
9. Purpose of the loan.
10. Description and fair market value of
the consideration furnished by the lender
(for example, cash—$1,000; or 100
shares of XYZ, Inc., common stock—
$9,000).
The above detail isn't required for
receivables or travel advances that may
be reported as a single total (see the
discussion of receivables in (2) above);
however, report and identify those totals
separately on the attachment.
Line 7. Other notes and loans receivable. On the dashed lines to the left of
column (a), enter the combined total
year-end figures for other notes receivable
and loans receivable and the allowance
for doubtful accounts.
Notes receivable. In columns (a), (b),
and (c), enter the amount of all notes
receivable not listed on line 6 and not
acquired as investments. Attach a
schedule similar to the one for line 6. The

schedule should also identify the
relationship of the borrower to any officer,
director, trustee, foundation manager, or
other disqualified person.
For a note receivable from any section
501(c)(3) organization, list only the name
of the borrower and the balance due on
the required schedule.
Loans receivable. In columns (a), (b),
and (c), enter the gross amount of loans
receivable, minus the allowance for
doubtful accounts, from the normal
activities of the filing organization (such as
scholarship loans). An itemized list of
these loans isn't required, but attach a
schedule showing the total amount of
each type of outstanding loan. Report
loans to officers, directors, trustees,
foundation managers, or other disqualified
persons on line 6 and loans to other
employees on line 15.
Line 8. Inventories for sale or use.
Enter the amount of materials, goods, and
supplies purchased or manufactured by
the organization and held for sale or use in
some future period.
Line 9. Prepaid expenses and deferred
charges. Enter the amount of short-term
and long-term prepayments of expenses
attributable to one or more future
accounting periods. Examples include
prepayments of rent, insurance, and
pension costs, and expenses incurred in
connection with a solicitation campaign to
be conducted in a future accounting
period.
Lines 10a, b, and c. Investments—
government obligations, corporate
stock and bonds. Enter the book value
(which may be market value) of these
investments.
Attach a schedule that lists each
security held at the end of the year and
shows whether the security is listed at cost
(including the value recorded at the time of
receipt in the case of donated securities)
or end-of-year market value. Don’t include
amounts shown on line 2. Governmental
obligations reported on line 10a are those
that mature in 1 year or more. Debt
securities of the U.S. Government may be
reported as a single total rather than
itemized. Obligations of state and
municipal governments may also be
reported as a lump-sum total. Don’t
combine U.S. Government obligations
with state and municipal obligations on
this schedule.
Line 11. Investments—land, buildings,
and equipment. On the first dashed line
to the left of column (a), enter the year-end
book value (excluding accumulated
depreciation), and on the second dashed
line, enter the accumulated depreciation of
all land, buildings, and equipment held for
investment purposes, such as rental
-20-

properties. In columns (a) and (b), enter
the book value of all land, buildings, and
equipment held for investment less
accumulated depreciation. In column (c),
enter the fair market value of these assets.
Attach a schedule listing these investment
fixed assets held at the end of the year
and showing, for each item or category
listed, the original cost or other basis,
accumulated depreciation, and ending
book value.
Line 12. Investments—mortgage
loans. Enter the amount of mortgage
loans receivable held as investments but
don't include program-related investments
(see the instructions for line 15).
Line 13. Investments—other. Enter the
amount of all other investment holdings
not reported on lines 10 through 12.
Attach a schedule listing and describing
each of these investments held at the end
of the year. Show the book value for each
and indicate whether the investment is
listed at cost or end-of-year market value.
Don’t include program-related investments
(see the instructions for line 15).
Line 14. Land, buildings, and equipment. On the first dashed line to the left
of column (a), enter the year-end book
value (excluding accumulated
depreciation), and on the second dashed
line, enter the accumulated depreciation of
all land, buildings, and equipment owned
by the organization and not held for
investment. In columns (a) and (b), enter
the book value of all land, buildings, and
equipment not held for investment less
accumulated depreciation. In column (c),
enter the fair market value of these assets.
Include any property, plant, and
equipment owned and used by the
organization to conduct its charitable
activities. Attach a schedule listing these
fixed assets held at the end of the year
and showing the original cost or other
basis, accumulated depreciation, and
ending book value of each item or
category listed.
Line 15. Other assets. List and show the
book value of each category of assets not
reportable on lines 1 through 14. Attach a
separate schedule if more space is
needed.
One type of asset reportable on line 15
is program-related investments. These are
investments made primarily to accomplish
a charitable purpose of the filing
organization with no significant purpose to
produce income.
Line 16. Total assets. All filers must
complete line 16 of columns (a), (b), and
(c). These entries represent the totals of
lines 1 through 15 of each column.
However, foundations that have assets of
less than $5,000 per books at all times
during the year need not complete lines 1
through 15 of column (c).
Form 990-PF Instructions

The column (c) amount is also

TIP entered on the entry space for
page 1.

Item I in the Heading section on

Line 17. Accounts payable and accrued expenses. Enter the total of
accounts payable to suppliers and others
and accrued expenses, such as salaries
payable, accrued payroll taxes, and
interest payable.
Line 18. Grants payable. Enter the
unpaid portion of grants and awards the
organization has made a commitment to
pay other organizations or individuals,
whether or not the commitments have
been communicated to the grantees.
Line 19. Deferred revenue. Include
revenue that the organization has received
but not yet earned as of the balance sheet
date under its method of accounting.
Line 20. Loans from officers, directors,
trustees, and other disqualified persons. Enter the unpaid balance of loans
received from officers, directors, trustees,
and other disqualified persons. For loans
outstanding at the end of the year, attach
a schedule that shows (for each loan) the
name and title of the lender and the
information listed in items 2 through 10 of
the instructions for line 6, earlier.
Line 21. Mortgages and other notes
payable. Enter the amount of mortgages
and other notes payable at the beginning
and end of the year. Attach a schedule
showing, as of the end of the year, the
total amount of all mortgages payable and,
for each nonmortgage note payable, the
name of the lender and the other
information specified in items 2 through 10
of the instructions for line 6, earlier. The
schedule should also identify the
relationship of the lender to any officer,
director, trustee, foundation manager, or
other disqualified person.
Line 22. Other liabilities. List and show
the amount of each liability not reportable
on lines 17 through 21. Attach a separate
schedule if more space is needed.

Lines 24 Through 31. Net
Assets or Fund Balances
FASB Accounting Standards Codification 958, Not-for-Profit Entities (ASC
958). ASC 958 provides standards for
external financial statements certified by
an independent accountant for certain
types of nonprofit organizations.
While some states may require
reporting according to ASC 958, the IRS
does not. However, a Form 990-PF return
prepared according to ASC 958 will be
acceptable to the IRS.
Foundations that follow ASC 958.
Check the box above line 24, and
complete lines 24 through 26 and lines 30
Form 990-PF Instructions

and 31. Classify and report net assets in
three groups in Part II (unrestricted,
temporarily restricted, and permanently
restricted) based on the existence or
absence of donor-imposed restrictions
and the nature of those restrictions. Enter
the sum of the three classes of net assets
on line 30. On line 31, add the amounts on
lines 23 and 30 to show total liabilities and
net assets. The amount on line 16 must
equal line 31.
Effective for reporting years
ending after December 15, 2017,
CAUTION ASC 958-205, Not-for-Profit
Entities–Presentation of Financial
Statements (ASC 958), addresses
reporting of donor-restricted endowments
and board-designated (quasi)
endowments. Further, a number of states
have enacted the Uniform Prudent
Management of Institutional Funds Act
(UPMIFA). If the organization is subject to
the UPMIFA or ASC 958, it may affect the
amounts reported on lines 24 through 26.

!

Line 24. Unrestricted. Enter the
balances per books of the unrestricted
class of net assets. For years ending after
December 15, 2017, ASC 958 refers to
“unrestricted net assets” as “net assets
without donor restrictions.” Unrestricted
net assets are neither permanently
restricted nor temporarily restricted by
donor-imposed stipulations. All funds
without donor-imposed restrictions must
be classified as unrestricted, regardless of
the existence of any board designations or
appropriations.
Line 25. Temporarily restricted. For
years ending after December 15, 2017,
ASC 958 does not use the term
“temporarily restricted net assets.”
However, this line can be used to show
the balance per books of net assets with
donor-imposed restrictions that may
require resources to be used after a
specified date (time restrictions), or used
for a specified purpose (purpose
restrictions), or both. A foundation may
also opt to leave line 25 blank and report
all net assets subject to donor-imposed
restrictions on line 26.
Line 26. Permanently restricted. Enter
the total of the balances for the
permanently restricted class of net assets.
If net assets with donor-imposed
restrictions for time or purpose of
expenditure are shown on line 25, don’t
include those items in the balance shown
on line 26. Permanently restricted net
assets (net assets with donor-imposed
restrictions) are (a) assets, such as land or
works of art, donated with stipulations that
they be used for a specified purpose, be
preserved, and not be sold; or (b) assets
donated with stipulations that they are to
be invested to provide a permanent
source of income. The latter result from
-21-

gifts and bequests that create permanent
endowment funds.
Foundations that don’t follow ASC
958. Check the box above line 27 and
report account balances on lines 27
through 31. Report capital stock, trust
principal, or current funds on line 27.
Report paid-in capital surplus or land,
building, or equipment funds on line 28.
Report retained earnings, endowment,
accumulated income, or other funds on
line 29.
Line 27. Capital stock, trust principal,
or current funds. For corporations, enter
the balance per books for capital stock
accounts. Show par or stated value (or for
stock with no par or stated value, total
amount received upon issuance) of all
classes of stock issued and, as yet,
uncanceled. For trusts, enter the amount
in the trust principal or corpus account.
For foundations continuing to use the fund
method of accounting, enter the fund
balances for the foundation's current
restricted and unrestricted funds.
Line 28. Paid-in or capital surplus, or
land, building, and equipment fund.
Enter the balance per books for all paid-in
capital in excess of par or stated value for
all stock issued and uncanceled. If
stockholders or others gave donations that
the organization records as paid-in capital,
include them here. Report any
current-year donations you included on
line 28 in Part I, line 1. The fund balance
for the land, building, and equipment fund
would be entered here.
Line 29. Retained earnings, accumulated income, endowment, or other
funds. For corporations, enter the
balance in the retained earnings, or similar
account, minus the cost of any corporate
treasury stock. For trusts, enter the
balance per books in the accumulated
income or similar account. For foundations
using fund accounting, enter the total of
the fund balances for the permanent and
term endowment funds as well as
balances of any other funds not reported
on lines 27 and 28.
Line 30. Total net assets or fund balances. For foundations that follow FASB
ASC 958, enter the total of lines 24
through 26. For all other foundations,
enter the total of lines 27 through 29. Enter
the beginning-of-year figure in Part III,
line 1. The end-of-year figure in column (b)
must agree with the figure in Part III, line 6.
Line 31. Total liabilities and net assets/
fund balances. Enter the total of lines 23
and 30. This amount must equal the
amount for total assets reported on line 16
for both the beginning and end of the year.

Part III. Analysis of
Changes in Net Assets or
Fund Balances

Generally, the excess of revenue over
expenses, or vice versa, accounts for the
difference between the net assets at the
beginning and end of the year.
On Part III, line 2, re-enter the figure
from Part I, line 27(a), column (a).
On lines 3 and 5, list any changes in
net assets that weren't caused by the
receipts or expenses shown in Part I,
column (a). For example, if a foundation
follows FASB ASC 958 (formerly “SFAS
115”) (ASC 320-10-35) and shows an
asset in the ending balance sheet at a
higher value than in the beginning balance
sheet because of an increased market
value (after a larger decrease in a prior
year), include the increase in Part III,
line 3.
If the organization uses a stepped-up
basis to determine gains on sales of
assets included in Part I, column (a), then
include the amount of step-up in basis in
Part III. If you entered a contribution, gift,
or grant of property valued at fair market
value in Part I, line 25, column (a), the
difference between fair market value and
book value should be shown in the books
of account and as a net asset adjustment
in Part III.

Part IV. Capital Gains and
Losses for Tax on
Investment Income

Use Part IV to figure the amount of net
capital gain to report on lines 7 and 8 of
Part I.
Part IV doesn't apply to foreign
organizations.

Nonoperating private foundations may
not have to figure their short-term capital
gain or loss on line 3. See Nonoperating
private foundations, earlier.
Reportable gains and losses. Capital
gains or losses include gains or losses
from the sale or other disposition of
property that:
• Is used for a charitable purpose (for
sales or other dispositions in tax years
beginning after August 17, 2006),
• Is held for investment, or
• Is used in the production of income.
Don't include the gain or loss that is
included in figuring the foundation's
unrelated business taxable income.
However, don't include gains or losses
for any portion of property if:
• The property was used for 1 year or
more in furthering the foundation's exempt
purpose or function; and
• Immediately following the use, is
exchanged for property of like kind that is

to be used primarily in furthering the
foundation's exempt purpose or function.
Rules similar to the rules of section 1031
relating to exchange of property held for
productive use or investment apply. See
Gross Investment Income, earlier.
Capital gains and losses may arise
from the deemed sale of section 1256
contracts (marked to market).
Basis. The basis for determining gain
from the sale or other disposition of
property is the larger of:
• The fair market value of the property on
December 31, 1969, plus or minus all
adjustments after December 31, 1969,
and before the date of disposition, if the
foundation held the property on that date
and continuously after that date until
disposition; or
• The basis of the property on the date of
disposition under normal basis rules
(actual basis). See sections 1011–1016.
To figure a loss, basis on the date of
disposition is determined under normal
basis rules.
The rules that generally apply to
property dispositions reported in this part
are:
• Section 1011, adjusted basis for
determining gain or loss;
• Section 1012, basis of property-cost;
• Section 1014, basis of property
acquired from a decedent;
• Section 1015, basis of property
acquired by gifts and transfers in trust; and
• Section 1016, adjustments to basis.
Section 1015 provides in most

TIP circumstances for a carryover

basis of property acquired by gift,
that is, the basis in the hands of the donor
carries over to the foundation. Section
1014 generally provides for a stepped-up
basis of property acquired by bequest
(other than an item of income in respect of
a decedent), that is, the fair market value
of the property at the decedent's death.
Losses. If the disposition of
investment property results in a loss, that
loss may be subtracted from capital gains
realized from the disposition of property
during the same tax year but only to the
extent of the gains. If losses are more than
gains, the excess may not be subtracted
from gross investment income nor may the
losses be carried back or forward to other
tax years.

Reporting Transactions in Part
IV
Publicly traded securities. For sales of
publicly traded securities through a broker,
enter the description “publicly traded
securities” on line 1, column (a). Leave
columns (b), (c), and (d) blank. Total the
gross sales price, the cost or other basis,
and the expense of sale on all such
-22-

securities sold. Report these lump-sum
figures in columns (e) through (l), as
appropriate. You must maintain detailed
records of each transaction in your books
and records.
Publicly traded securities are securities
that are listed and regularly traded on an
over-the-counter market or an established
exchange in which market quotations are
published or otherwise readily available.
Securities include:
• Common and preferred stock,
• Bonds (including governmental
obligations), and
• Mutual fund shares.
Other gains and losses. For sales of
anything other than publicly traded
securities sold, each transaction must be
listed and reported separately, completing
all appropriate columns in Part IV.

Part V. Qualification Under
Section 4940(e) for
Reduced Tax on Net
Investment Income

This part is used by domestic private
foundations (exempt and taxable) to
determine whether they qualify for the
reduced 1% tax under section 4940(e) on
net investment income rather than the 2%
tax on net investment income under
section 4940(a).
Don't complete Part V if this is the
organization's first year. A private
foundation can't qualify under section
4940(e) for its first year of existence, nor
can a former public charity qualify for the
first year it is treated as a private
foundation.

A separate computation must be made
for each year in which the foundation
wants to qualify for the reduced tax.
Line 1, column (b). Enter the amount of
adjusted qualifying distributions made for
each year shown. The amounts in column
(b) are taken from Part XII, line 6, of the
Form 990-PF for 2013–2017.
Line 1, column (c). Enter the net value
of noncharitable-use assets for each year.
The amounts in column (c) are taken from
Part X, line 5, for 2013–2017.

Part VI. Excise Tax Based
on Investment Income
(Section 4940(a), 4940(b),
4940(e), or 4948)
General Rules
Domestic exempt private foundations.
These foundations are subject to a 2% tax
on net investment income under section
4940(a). However, certain exempt
operating foundations described in section
4940(d)(2) may not owe any tax, and
Form 990-PF Instructions

certain private foundations that meet the
requirements of section 4940(e) may
qualify for a reduced tax of 1% (see the
Part V instructions).
Exception. The section 4940 tax
doesn't apply to an organization making
an election under section 41(e)(6)(D).
Enter “N/A” on line 1 in Part VI.
Domestic taxable private foundations
and section 4947(a)(1) nonexempt
charitable trusts. These organizations
are subject to a modified 2% tax on net
investment income under section 4940(b).
(See Part V and its instructions to find out
if they meet the requirements of section
4940(e) that allows them to use a modified
1% tax on net investment income.)
However, they must first figure the tax
under section 4940(a) as if that tax applied
to them.
Foreign organizations. Under section
4948, exempt foreign private foundations
are subject to a 4% tax on their gross
investment income derived from U.S.
sources.
Under section 871(m) added by
the Hiring Incentives to Restore
CAUTION Employment Act (HIRE), a
“dividend equivalent” is treated as a
dividend from U.S. sources for certain
purposes, including U.S. withholding tax
rules applicable to foreign organizations.
See section 871(m) for more information.

!

Taxable foreign private foundations
that filed Form 1040NR, U.S. Nonresident
Alien Income Tax Return, or Form 1120-F,
U.S. Income Tax Return of a Foreign
Corporation, enter “N/A” in Part VI.
Estimated tax. Domestic exempt and
taxable private foundations and section
4947(a)(1) nonexempt charitable trusts
may have to make estimated tax
payments for the excise tax based on
investment income. See General
Instruction O, earlier, for more information.

Tax Computation
Line 1a only applies to domestic
exempt operating foundations
CAUTION described in section 4940(d)(2)
that have a ruling or determination letter
from the IRS establishing exempt
operating foundation status. If your
organization doesn't have this letter, skip
line 1a.

!

Line 1a. A domestic exempt private
foundation that qualifies as an exempt
operating foundation under section
4940(d)(2) isn't liable for any tax on net
investment income on this return.
If your organization qualifies, check the
box and enter the date of the ruling or
determination letter on line 1a and enter
“N/A” on line 1. Leave the rest of Part Vl
blank. For the first year, the organization
Form 990-PF Instructions

must attach a copy of the ruling or
determination letter establishing exempt
operating foundation status. As long as
the organization retains this status, enter
the date of the ruling or determination
letter in the space on line 1a. If the
organization no longer qualifies under
section 4940(d)(2), leave the date line
blank and figure the section 4940 tax in
the normal manner.

foundation, the amount on line 5 is the
same as on line 1.

Qualification. To qualify as an exempt
operating foundation for a tax year, an
organization must meet the following
requirements of section 4940(d)(2).
• It is an operating foundation described
in section 4942(j)(3).
• It has been publicly supported for at
least 10 tax years or was a private
operating foundation on January 1, 1983,
or for its last tax year ending before
January 1, 1983.
• Its governing body, at all times during
the tax year, consists of individuals, at
least 75% of whom aren't disqualified
individuals (as defined in section 4940(d)
(3)), and is broadly representative of the
general public.
• It has no officer who was a disqualified
individual at any time during the tax year.

CAUTION

Line 6a. Enter the amount of 2018
estimated tax payments and any 2017
overpayment of taxes that the organization
specified on its 2017 return to be credited
toward payment of 2018 estimated taxes.

!

Line 6a applies only to domestic
foundations.

Trust payments treated as
beneficiary payments. A trust may treat
any part of estimated taxes it paid as taxes
paid by the beneficiary. If the filing
organization was a beneficiary that
received the benefit of such a payment
from a trust, include the amount on line 6a
of Part VI and write, “Includes section
643(g) payment.” See section 643(g) for
more information about estimated tax
payments treated as paid by a beneficiary.

Line 1c. Exempt foreign organizations
shouldn't include net capital gain income
when figuring the excise tax due under
section 4948(a).

Line 6b. Exempt foreign foundations
must enter the amount of tax withheld at
the source. Attach Form 1042-S, Foreign
Person's U.S. Source Income Subject to
Withholding, or other form that verifies the
withheld tax reported on line 6b (Form
8288-A, Statement of Withholding on
Dispositions by Foreign Persons of U.S.
Real Property Interests, or Form 8805,
Foreign Partner's Information Statement of
Section 1446 Withholding Tax).

Line 2. Section 511 tax. Under section
4940(b), a domestic section 4947(a)(1)
nonexempt charitable trust or taxable
private foundation must add to the tax
figured under section 4940(a) (on line 1)
the tax which would have been imposed
under section 511 for the tax year if it had
been exempt from tax under section
501(a). If the domestic section 4947(a)(1)
nonexempt charitable trust or taxable
private foundation has unrelated business
taxable income that would have been
subject to the tax imposed by section 511,
the computation of tax must be shown in
an attachment. Form 990-T may be used
as the attachment. All other filers, enter
zero.

Line 6d. Enter the amount of any backup
withholding erroneously withheld.
Recipients of interest or dividend
payments must generally certify their
correct taxpayer identification number to
the bank or other payer on Form W-9,
Request for Taxpayer Identification
Number and Certification. If the payer
doesn't get this information, it must
withhold part of the payments as “backup
withholding.” If the organization files Form
990-PF and was subject to erroneous
backup withholding because the payer
didn't realize the payee was an exempt
organization and not subject to this
withholding, the organization can claim
credit for the amount withheld.

Line 4. Subtitle A (income) tax.
Domestic section 4947(a)(1) nonexempt
charitable trusts and taxable private
foundations, enter the amount of subtitle A
(income) tax for the year reported on Form
1041 or Form 1120. All other filers, enter
zero.

Don't claim erroneous backup
withholding on line 6d if you claim
it on Form 990-T.

Line 5. Tax based on investment income. Subtract line 4 from line 3 and
enter the difference (but not less than
zero) on line 5. Any overpayment entered
on line 10 that is the result of a negative
amount shown on line 5 won't be
refunded. Unless the organization is a
domestic section 4947(a)(1) nonexempt
charitable trust or taxable private

-23-

!

CAUTION

Line 8. Penalty. Enter any penalty for
underpayment of estimated tax shown on
Form 2220.
Line 9. Tax due. Domestic foundations
should see P. Tax Payment Methods for
Domestic Private Foundations, earlier.
All foreign organizations should
enclose a check or money order (in U.S.
funds), made payable to “United States
Treasury,” with Form 990-PF.
Amended return. If you are amending
Part VI, be sure to combine any tax due

that was paid with the original return (or
any overpayment credited or refunded) in
the total for line 7. On the dotted line to the
left of the line 7 entry space, write “Tax
Paid w/ O.R.” and the amount paid. If you
had an overpayment, write “O.R.
Overpayment” and the amount credited or
refunded in brackets.
If you file more than one amended
return, attach a schedule listing the tax
due amounts that were paid and
overpayment amounts that were credited
or refunded. Write “See Attachment” on
the dotted line and enter the net amount in
the entry space for line 7.

Part VII-A. Statements
Regarding Activities

Each question in this section must be
answered “Yes,” “No,” or “N/A” (not
applicable).
Line 1. “Political purposes” include, but
aren't limited to, directly or indirectly
accepting contributions or making
payments to influence the selection,
nomination, election, or appointment of
any individual to any federal, state, or local
public office or office in a political
organization, or the election of Presidential
or Vice Presidential electors, whether or
not the individual or electors are actually
selected, nominated, elected, or
appointed.
Line 3. A “conformed copy” of an
organizational document is one that
agrees with the original document and all
its amendments. If copies aren't signed,
attach a written declaration signed by an
officer authorized to sign for the
organization, certifying that they are
complete and accurate copies of the
original documents.
Note. If you are filing electronically, send
a conformed copy of the changes to the
IRS at the address listed in U. Section
507(b)(1)(B) Termination Notice and Filing
Requirements, earlier.
Line 6. For a private foundation to be
exempt from income tax, its governing
instrument must include provisions that
require it to act or refrain from acting so as
not to engage in an act of self-dealing
(section 4941) or subject the foundation to
the taxes imposed by sections 4942
(failure to distribute income), 4943 (excess
business holdings), 4944 (investments
which jeopardize charitable purpose), and
4945 (taxable expenditures). A private
foundation may satisfy these section
508(e) requirements either by express
language in its governing instrument or by
application of state law that imposes the
above requirements on the foundation or
treats these requirements as being
contained in the governing instrument. If
an organization claims it satisfies the
requirements of section 508(e) by

operation of state law, the provisions of
state law must effectively impose the
section 508(e) requirements on the
organization. See Rev. Rul. 75-38, 1975-1
C.B. 161, for a list of states with legislation
that satisfies the requirements of section
508(e).
However, if the state law doesn't apply
to a governing instrument that contains
mandatory directions conflicting with any
of its requirements and the organization
has such mandatory directions in its
governing instrument, then the
organization hasn't satisfied the
requirements of section 508(e) by the
operation of that legislation.
Line 6 doesn't apply to foreign
foundations described in section 4948(b).
Line 8a. In the space provided list all
states:
1. To which the organization reports in
any way about its organization, assets, or
activities; and
2. With which the organization has
registered (or which it has otherwise
notified in any manner) that it intends to
be, or is, a charitable organization or that it
is, or intends to be, a holder of property
devoted to a charitable purpose.
Attach a separate list if you need more
space.
Line 8 doesn't apply to foreign
foundations described in section 4948(b).
Line 8b. If the organization hasn't
furnished a copy of its Form 990-PF to the
Attorney General (or his or her designate)
of each state required to be listed in the
response to line 8a, then explain in an
attached statement why not. If the
Attorney General (or his or her designate)
won't accept such filings, then so state.
Line 9. If the organization claims status
as a private operating foundation for 2018
and, in fact, meets the private operating
foundation requirements for that year (as
reflected in Part XIV), any excess
distributions carryover from 2017 or prior
years may not be carried over to 2018 or
any year after 2018 even if it doesn't meet
the private operating foundation
requirements. See Part XIII. Undistributed
Income, later.
Line 10. Substantial contributors. If
you answer “Yes,” attach a schedule
listing the names and addresses of all
persons who became substantial
contributors during the year.
The term “substantial contributor”
means any person whose contributions or
bequests during the current tax year and
prior tax years total more than $5,000 and
are more than 2% of the total contributions
and bequests received by the foundation
from its creation through the close of its
tax year. An individual is treated as
-24-

making all contributions and bequests
made by the individual's spouse (section
507(d)(2)(B)(iii)). In the case of a trust, the
term “substantial contributor” also means
the creator of the trust (section 507(d)(2)
(A)).
The term “person” includes individuals,
trusts, estates, partnerships, associations,
corporations, and other exempt
organizations.
Each contribution or bequest must be
valued at fair market value on the date it
was received.
Any person who is a substantial
contributor on any date will remain a
substantial contributor for all later periods.
However, a person will cease to be a
substantial contributor with respect to any
private foundation if:
1. The person, and all related
persons, made no contributions to the
foundation during the 10-year period
ending with the close of the tax year;
2. The person, or any related person,
was never the foundation's manager
during this 10-year period; and
3. The aggregate contributions made
by the person, and related persons, are
determined by the IRS to be insignificant
compared to the aggregate amount of
contributions to the foundation by any
other person and the appreciated value of
contributions held by the foundation.
The term “related person” includes any
other person who would be a disqualified
person because of a relationship with the
substantial contributor (section 4946).
When the substantial contributor is a
corporation, the term also includes any
officer or director of the corporation. The
term “substantial contributor” doesn't
include public charities (organizations
described in section 509(a)(1), (2), or (3)).
A foreign foundation described in
section 4948(b) should report only
substantial contributors that are U.S.
citizens.
Line 11. Controlled entities. Answer
“Yes” if at any time during the tax year the
foundation owned a controlled entity. A
controlled entity is an entity in which the
foundation owns more than 50% of the:
1. Stock (by vote or value) in a
corporation,
2. Interest (of profit or capital) in a
partnership, or
3. Beneficial interest of any other
entity.
The foundation must apply section 318
in determining its ownership of stock in a
corporation and use similar principles in
determining its ownership interests in
other entities.

Form 990-PF Instructions

Attached schedule of controlled
entities. If at any time during the tax year
the foundation was the controlling
organization of a controlled entity under
section 512(b)(13), attach a schedule
listing the name, address, and EIN of each
controlled entity and stating whether the
controlled entity is an excess business
holding.
Attached schedule for transfers to
controlled entities. If at any time during
the tax year, the foundation made any
loans or transfers to a corporation,
partnership, or other entity, which it
controlled within the meaning of section
512(b)(13), attach a schedule using the
format provided in the sample schedule,
Line 11—Example A Statement of
Information Regarding Transfers to a
Controlled Entity, later. In column (c),
describe each loan or transfer. In column
(d), enter the amount for each loan or
transfer to each controlled entity.
Attached schedule for transfers from
controlled entities. If at any time during
the tax year, the foundation received any
transfers of funds or payments from a
controlled entity within the meaning of
section 512(b)(13), attach a schedule
using the format provided in the sample
schedule, Line 11—Example B Statement
of Information Regarding Transfers From
a Controlled Entity, later. In column (c),
describe each transfer or payment
received, including payment of interest,
annuities, royalties, rents, dividends, fees
or other payments for services,
contributions to capital, and loans. In
column (d), enter the amount of each loan
or transfer from each controlled entity.

Form 990-PF Instructions

Note. For both schedules, if additional
space is needed, make a copy of the
schedule, and enter one total amount on
the first page of the schedule.
Line 12. Distribution to a donor advised fund. If a distribution was made
from the foundation to a donor advised
fund over which the foundation or a
disqualified person had advisory
privileges, then in an attachment state
whether the foundation treated any
distribution to a donor advised fund as a
qualifying distribution, and explain how the
distributions will be used to accomplish a
purpose described in section 170(c)(2)(B).
Line 13. Public inspection requirements and website address. All
domestic private foundations (including
section 4947(a)(1) nonexempt charitable
trusts treated as private foundations) are
subject to the public inspection
requirements. See Q. Public Inspection
Requirements, earlier, for information on
making the foundation's annual returns
and exemption application available for
public inspection.
Enter the foundation's website address
if the foundation has a website. Otherwise,
enter “N/A.”
Line 15. Section 4947(a)(1) trusts.
Section 4947(a)(1) nonexempt charitable
trusts that file Form 990-PF instead of
Form 1041 must complete this line. The
trust should include exempt-interest
dividends received from a mutual fund or
other regulated investment company as
well as tax-exempt interest received
directly.

-25-

Line 16. Foreign accounts. Answer
“Yes” if either (1) or (2) below applies.
1. At any time during the calendar
year ending with or within the foundation's
tax year, the foundation had an interest in,
or signature or other authority over, a
financial account in a foreign country
(such as a bank account, securities
account, or other financial account); and
a. The combined value of all such
accounts was more than $10,000 at any
time during the calendar year; and
b. The accounts weren't with a U.S.
military banking facility operated by a U.S.
financial institution.
2. The foundation owns more than
50% of the stock in any corporation that
would answer “Yes” to item 1 above.
If “Yes,” electronically file FinCEN Form
114, Report of Foreign Bank and Financial
Accounts (FBAR), with the Department of
the Treasury using the FinCEN's BSA
E-Filing System. Because FinCEN Form
114 isn't a tax form, don't file it with Form
990-PF.
Go to www.fincen.gov for more
information.
If you are required to file FinCEN
Form 114 but don't do so, you
CAUTION may have to pay a penalty of up to
$10,000 (more in some cases).

!

Enter the name of each foreign country
in which a foreign account described on
line 16 is located.

Line 11—Example A
Statement of Information Regarding Transfers to a Controlled Entity
(A)
Name and address of each controlled entity

(B)
Employer
identification
number

(C)
Description of transfer

(D)
Amount of
transfer

a

b

c

d

e

Total

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Line 11—Example B
Statement of Information Regarding Transfers From a Controlled Entity
(A)
Name and address of each controlled entity

(B)
Employer
identification
number

(C)
Description of transfer

(D)
Amount of
transfer

a

b

c

d

e

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

-26-

Form 990-PF Instructions

Part VII-B. Statements
Regarding Activities for
Which Form 4720 May Be
Required

The purpose of these questions is to
determine whether there is any initial
excise tax due under sections 4941–4945,
170(f)(10), 4960, and 4965. If the answer
is “Yes” to the question on line 1b, 1c, 2b,
3b, 4a, 4b, 5b, 6b, 7b, or 8, complete and
file Form 4720 unless an exception
applies. Foundations described in section
4948(b) must complete Part VII-B (except
line 2) and file Form 4720, but chapter 42
taxes don't apply to such foundations
(except section 4948). Organizations in a
60-month termination under section
507(b)(1)(B) must complete this part but
might not be liable for private foundation
excise taxes—see U. Section 507(b)(1)(B)
Termination Notice and Filing
Requirements and V. Payment of Section
4940 Tax During Section 507(b)(1)(B)
Termination, earlier.

Line 1. Self-dealing. The activities listed
in lines 1a(1)–(6) are considered
self-dealing under section 4941 unless
one of the exceptions applies. See
IRS.gov/Charities/Foundations/Acts of
Self-Dealing.
The terms “disqualified person” and
“foundation manager” are defined under
General Instruction C, earlier.
Line 1b. If you answered “Yes” to any of
the questions in 1a, you should answer
“Yes” to 1b unless all of the acts engaged
in were acts excepted by the regulations
under section 4941 or other guidance,
including Notices published in the Internal
Revenue Bulletin relating to disaster
assistance.
Line 2a. Under section 4942, a
foundation (other than an operating
foundation) must make qualifying
distributions of its distributable amount for
a tax year by the end of the following tax
year. Otherwise, the foundation’s
undistributed income as of the end of the
following tax year is generally subject to
tax until corrected. Parts X through XIII are
used in determining whether the
foundation has met its requirements under
section 4942.
Line 2b. Taxes on failure to distribute
income. If you answer “No” to the
question on line 2b, attach a statement
explaining:
• All the facts regarding the incorrect
valuation of assets; and
• The actions taken (or planned) to
comply with section 4942(a)(2)(B), (C),
and (D) and the related regulations.
Foreign foundations described in
section 4948(b) need not complete line 2.

Form 990-PF Instructions

Line 3a. A private foundation generally is
subject to tax under section 4943 if it owns
any excess business holdings. In general,
the holdings of a private foundation,
combined with the holdings of related
foundations and other disqualified
persons, can't exceed 20% of the voting
stock of a corporation, the profits interest
in a partnership, or the beneficial
remainder interest in a trust. (See
“disqualified person” under General
Instruction C, earlier.) Regardless of the
holdings of disqualified persons, however,
a foundation is permitted to own holdings
that don't exceed 2% of either the voting
stock or value of all outstanding shares of
all classes of stock in a corporation. A
similar exception applies to a beneficial or
profits interest in any business enterprise
that is a trust or partnership.
Section 4943(g), added by the
Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018, Pub. L. No.
115-123, 132 Stat. 64 (2018), provides an
exception for certain limited holdings to
independently operated businesses. In
general, the excess business holdings
provisions of section 4943(a) shall not
apply with respect to the holdings of a
private foundation in any business
enterprise which meets all the
requirements of section 4943(g)(2), (3),
and (4).
The requirements of section 4943(g)(2)
are met if:
1. 100% of the voting stock in the
business enterprise is held by the private
foundation at all times during the tax year,
and
2. All of the private foundation’s
ownership interests were acquired by
means other than purchase, such as a gift
or bequest.
The requirements of section 4943(g)(3)
are met if the business enterprise, no later
than 120 days after the close of the tax
year, distributes an amount equal to its net
operating income for such tax year to the
private foundation. For purposes of this
paragraph, the net operating income of
any business enterprise for any tax year is
an amount equal to the gross income of
the business enterprise for the tax year,
reduced by the sum of:
1. The deductions allowed by
chapter 1 for the tax year that are directly
connected with the production of such
income,
2. The tax imposed by chapter 1 on
the business enterprise for the tax year,
and
3. An amount for a reasonable
reserve for working capital and other
business needs of the business
enterprise.
The requirements of section 4943(g)(4)
are met if, at all times during the tax year:
-27-

1. No substantial contributor (as
defined in section 4958(c)(3)(C)) to the
private foundation or family member (as
determined under section 4958(f)(4)) of
such a contributor is a director, officer,
trustee, manager, employee, or contractor
of the business enterprise (or an individual
having powers or responsibilities similar to
any of the foregoing);
2. At least a majority of the board of
directors of the private foundation are
persons who are not (i) directors or
officers of the business enterprise, or (ii)
family members of a substantial
contributor to the private foundation; and
3. There is no loan outstanding from
the business enterprise to a substantial
contributor to the private foundation or to
any family member of such a contributor.
This provision does not apply to any
donor advised fund treated as a private
foundation by section 4943(e), a
supporting organization treated as a
private foundation by section 4943(f), a
trust described in section 4947(a)(1), or a
trust described in section 4947(a)(2).
Section 4943(g) shall apply to tax years
beginning after December 31, 2017.
For more information about excess
business holdings, see the Instructions for
Form 4720.
Line 4. Taxes on investments that
jeopardize charitable purposes. In
general, an investment that jeopardizes
any of the charitable purposes of a private
foundation is one for which a foundation
manager didn't exercise ordinary business
care to provide for the long- and
short-term financial needs of the
foundation in carrying out its charitable
purposes. For more details, see the
regulations under section 4944.
Line 5. Taxes on taxable expenditures
and political expenditures. In general,
payments made for the activities
described on lines 5a(1)–(5) are taxable
expenditures. Go to IRS.gov/Charities/
Foundations/Taxable Expenditures of
Private Foundations.
Line 5a(2). Under section 4955, a
section 501(c)(3) organization must pay
an excise tax for any amount paid or
incurred on behalf of or in opposition to
any candidate for public office. The
organization must pay an additional excise
tax if it doesn't correct the expenditure
timely.
A manager of a section 501(c)(3)
organization who knowingly agrees to a
political expenditure must pay an excise
tax unless the agreement isn't willful and
there is reasonable cause. A manager
who doesn't agree to a correction of the
political expenditure may have to pay an
additional excise tax.

A section 501(c)(3) organization will
lose its exempt status if it engages in
political activity.
A political expenditure that is treated as
an expenditure under section 4955 isn't
treated as a taxable expenditure under
section 4945.
For purposes of the section 4955 tax,
when an organization promotes a
candidate for public office (or is used or
controlled by a candidate or prospective
candidate), amounts paid or incurred for
the following purposes are political
expenditures.
• Remuneration to the individual (or
candidate or prospective candidate) for
speeches or other services.
• Travel expenses of the individual.
• Expenses of conducting polls, surveys,
or other studies, or preparing papers or
other material for use by the individual.
• Expenses of advertising, publicity, and
fundraising for such individual.
• Any other expense that has the primary
effect of promoting public recognition or
otherwise primarily accruing to the benefit
of the individual.
See the regulations under section 4945
for more information.
Line 5a(3). Answer “Yes” if the
organization made a grant to an individual
for travel, study, or similar purposes. Such
purposes include scholarships,
fellowships, certain prizes and awards,
and grants to achieve a specific objective,
produce a report or similar product, or
improve a literary, artistic, musical,
scientific, teaching, or other similar skill of
the grantee. Similar purposes don't
include grants to individuals in relief of
poverty or distress (other than grants of
the type described above), or prizes or
awards that don't finance any future
activities of the recipient.
A grant to an individual for travel, study,
or similar purposes is a taxable
expenditure under section 4945(d)(3)
unless the foundation awarded the grant
on an objective and nondiscriminatory
basis under a procedure approved in
advance by the IRS, as required under
section 4945(g). The foundation may
request approval of its procedure in the
process of applying for exemption with
Form 1023 (Schedule H), or thereafter
with Form 8940, Request for
Miscellaneous Determination.
Line 5a(4). Except as discussed below,
a grant by a private foundation to a public
charity described in section 509(a)(1), (2),
or (3) or to an exempt operating
foundation (as defined in section 4940(d)
(2) and the instructions for Part VI) isn't a
taxable expenditure if the private
foundation doesn't earmark the grant for
any of the activities described in lines
5a(1)–(5), and there is no oral or written

agreement by which the grantor
foundation may cause the grantee to
engage in any such prohibited activity or
to select the grant recipient.
A grant made to a section 509(a)(3)
Type III supporting organization (as
defined in section 4943(f)(5)) that isn't a
functionally integrated supporting
organization (as defined in section 4943(f)
(5)(B)) is a taxable expenditure unless you
exercise expenditure responsibility. Check
“Yes” on line 5a(4) if you made a grant to
such an organization. See Regulations
section 1.509(a)-4(i) and Notice 2014-4,
2014-2 I.R.B. 274, available at IRS.gov/
irb/2014-2_IRB/ar14.html, for more
information about whether an organization
is functionally integrated.
A grant made to any other supporting
organization (including a functionally
integrated Type III), if a disqualified person
of the private foundation controls the
supporting organization or any of its
supported organizations, is also a taxable
expenditure unless you exercise
expenditure responsibility. Check “Yes” on
line 5a(4) if you made a grant to such an
organization. See Regulations sections
53.4942(a)-3(a)(3) and 53.4945-5(a) for
more information.
Line 5b. If you answered “Yes” to any of
the questions in 5a, you should answer
“Yes” to 5b unless all of the transactions
engaged in were “excepted” transactions.
Excepted transactions are described in
Regulations section 53.4945-2 through
53.4945-5 and appear in Notices
published in the Internal Revenue Bulletin
relating to disaster assistance. For
example, see Pub. 3833, Disaster Relief.
Line 6b. Check “Yes” if, in connection
with any transfer of funds to a private
foundation, the foundation directly or
indirectly pays premiums on any personal
benefit contract, or there is an
understanding or expectation that any
person will directly or indirectly pay these
premiums.
Report the premiums it paid and the
premiums paid by others, but treated as
paid by the private foundation, on Form
8870, Information Return for Transfers
Associated With Certain Personal Benefit
Contracts, and pay the excise tax (which
is equal to premiums paid) on Form 4720.
For more information, see Form 8870
and Notice 2000-24, 2000-17 I.R.B. 952.
Line 7a. Answer “Yes” if the foundation
was a party to a prohibited tax shelter
transaction (PTST) as described in section
4965(e) at any time during the tax year.
PTST. In general, a PTST means any
listed transaction and any prohibited
reportable transaction.
Listed transaction. A listed transaction,
within the meaning of section 6707A(c)(2),
-28-

is a transaction that is the same as, or
substantially similar to, any transaction
that has been specifically identified by the
Secretary in published guidance as a tax
avoidance transaction for purposes of
section 6011.
Prohibited reportable transaction.
Prohibited reportable transaction means
any confidential transaction or any
transaction with contractual protection (as
defined under regulations prescribed by
the Secretary) (see Regulations section
1.6011-4(b)(3) and (4)) which is a
reportable transaction (as defined in
section 6707A(c)(1)).
If the answer to this question is “Yes,”
the foundation must also file Form
8886-T, Disclosure by Tax-Exempt Entity
Regarding Prohibited Tax Shelter
Transactions.
Line 7b. Answer “Yes” if the foundation
answered “Yes” to 7a, and it had net
income or received proceeds attributable
to the PTST during the tax year.
If the foundation answers “Yes” to both
lines 7a and 7b, it may be required to file
Form 4720 and pay tax with respect to
each PTST. The foundation's managers
also may be required to file Form 4720
and pay tax with respect to the relevant
PTSTs.
Line 8. See the instructions for Form
4720, Schedule N, to determine if you
paid to any covered employee more than
$1 million in remuneration or paid an
excess parachute payment during the
year. Remuneration paid to a covered
employee includes any remuneration paid
by a related organization.

Part VIII. Information
About Officers, Directors,
Trustees, Foundation
Managers, Highly Paid
Employees, and
Contractors
Line 1. List of officers, directors, trustees, etc. List the names, addresses, and
other information requested for those who
were officers, directors, and trustees (or
any person who had responsibilities or
powers similar to those of officers,
directors, or trustees) of the foundation at
any time during the year. Each must be
listed whether or not they receive any
compensation from the foundation. Give
the address at which officers, etc., prefer
the IRS to contact them.
Also include on this list any officers or
directors (or any person who had
responsibilities or powers similar to those
of officers or directors) of a disregarded
entity owned by the foundation who aren't
officers, directors, etc., of the foundation.
Form 990-PF Instructions

If the foundation (or disregarded entity)
pays any other person, such as a
management services company, for the
services provided by any of the
foundation's officers, directors, or trustees
(or any person who had responsibilities or
powers similar to those of officers,
directors, or trustees), report the
compensation and other items on Part VIII
as if you had paid the officers, etc.,
directly. Also, see Announcement
2001-33, 2001-17 I.R.B. 1137.
Show all forms of compensation
earned by each listed officer, etc. In
addition to completing Part VIII, if you want
to explain the compensation of one or
more officers, directors, and trustees, you
may provide an attachment describing the
person's entire 2018 compensation
package.
Enter zero in columns (c), (d), and (e) if
no compensation was paid. Attach a
schedule if more space is needed.
Column (b). A numerical estimate of
the average hours per week devoted to
the position is required for the answer to
be considered complete.

!

CAUTION

Phrases such as “as needed” or
“as required” are unacceptable
entries for column (b).

Column (c). Enter salary, fees,
bonuses, and severance payments
received by each person listed. Include
current-year payments of amounts
reported or reportable as deferred
compensation in any prior year.
Column (d). Include all forms of
deferred compensation and future
severance payments (whether or not
funded or vested, and whether or not the
deferred compensation plan is a qualified
plan under section 401(a)). Include
payments to welfare benefit plans
(employee welfare benefit plans covered
by Part I of Title 1 of the Employee
Retirement Income Security Act of 1974
(ERISA), providing benefits such as
medical, dental, life insurance,
apprenticeship and training, scholarship
funds, severance pay, disability, etc.) on
behalf of the officers, etc. Reasonable
estimates may be used if precise cost
figures aren't readily available.
Unless the amounts are reported in
column (c), report, as deferred
compensation in column (d), salaries and
other compensation earned during the
period covered by the return, but not yet
paid by the date the foundation files its
return.
Column (e). Enter both taxable and
nontaxable fringe benefits, expense
account and other allowances (other than
de minimis fringe benefits described in
section 132(e)). See Pub. 525, Taxable
Form 990-PF Instructions

and Nontaxable Income, for more
information. Examples of allowances
include amounts for which the recipient
didn't account to the organization or
allowances that were more than the payee
spent on serving the organization. Include
payments made in connection with
indemnification arrangements, the value of
the personal use of housing, automobiles,
or other assets owned or leased by the
organization (or provided for the
organization's use without charge).
Line 2. Compensation of five highest-paid employees. Fill in the
information requested for the five
employees (if any) of the foundation (or
disregarded entity that the foundation
owns) who received the greatest amount
of annual compensation over $50,000.
Don't include employees listed on line 1.
Also enter the total number of other
employees who received more than
$50,000 in annual compensation.
Show each listed employee's entire
compensation package for the period
covered by the return. Include all forms of
compensation that each listed employee
received in return for his or her services.
See the line 1 instructions for more details
on includible compensation.
Line 3. Five highest-paid independent
contractors for professional services.
Fill in the information requested for the five
highest-paid independent contractors (if
any), whether individuals or professional
service corporations or associations, to
whom the organization paid more than
$50,000 for the year to perform personal
services of a professional nature for the
organization (for example, attorneys,
accountants, and doctors). Also show the
total number of all other independent
contractors who received more than
$50,000 for the year for performing
professional services.

Part IX-A. Summary of
Direct Charitable Activities
List the foundation's four largest programs
as measured by the direct and indirect
expenses attributable to each that consist
of the direct active conduct of charitable
activities. Whether any expenditure is for
the direct active conduct of a charitable
activity is determined, generally, by the
definitions and special rules of section
4942(j)(3) and the related regulations,
which define a private operating
foundation.

Except for significant involvement grant
programs, described below, don't include
in Part IX-A any grants or expenses
attributable to administering grant
programs, such as reviewing grant
applications, interviewing or testing
applicants, selecting grantees, and

-29-

reviewing reports relating to the use of the
grant funds.
Include scholarships, grants, or other
payments to individuals as part of an
active program in which the foundation
maintains some significant involvement.
Related administrative expenses should
also be included. Examples of active
programs and definitions of the term
“significant involvement” are provided in
Regulations sections 53.4942(b)-1(b)(2)
and 53.4942(b)-1(d).
Don't include any program-related
investments (reportable in Part IX-B) in the
description and expense totals.
Include qualified set-asides for direct
charitable activities reported on line 3 of
Part XII. Also, include in Part IX-A
amounts paid or set aside to acquire
assets used in the direct active conduct of
charitable activities. Don't include
current-year expenditures of amounts
previously reported as set-asides in Part
IX-A.
Expenditures for direct charitable
activities include, among others, amounts
paid or set aside to:
1. Acquire or maintain the operating
assets of a museum, library, or historic site
or to operate the facility;
2. Provide goods, shelter, or clothing
to indigent or disaster victims if the
foundation maintains some significant
involvement in the activity rather than
merely making grants to the recipients;
3. Conduct educational conferences
and seminars;
4. Operate a home for the elderly or
disabled;
5. Conduct scientific, historic, public
policy, or other research with significance
beyond the foundation's grant program
that doesn't constitute a prohibited attempt
to influence legislation;
6. Publish and disseminate the results
of such research, reports of educational
conferences, or similar educational
material;
7. Support the service of foundation
staff on boards or advisory committees of
other charitable organizations or on public
commissions or task forces;
8. Provide technical advice or
assistance to a governmental body, a
governmental committee, or subdivision of
either, in response to a written request by
the governmental body, committee, or
subdivision;
9. Conduct performing arts
performances; or
10. Provide technical assistance to
grantees and other charitable
organizations. This assistance must have
significance beyond the purposes of the
grants made to the grantees and must not

consist merely of monitoring or advising
the grantees in their use of the grant
funds. Technical assistance involves the
furnishing of expert advice and related
assistance regarding, for example:
a. Compliance with governmental
regulations,
b. Reducing operating costs or
increasing program accomplishments,
c. Fundraising methods, and
d. Maintaining complete and accurate
financial records.
Report both direct and indirect
expenses in the expense totals. Direct
expenses are those that can be
specifically identified as connected with a
particular activity. These include, among
others, compensation and travel expenses
of employees and officers directly
engaged in an activity, the cost of
materials and supplies utilized in
conducting the activity, and fees paid to
outside firms and individuals in connection
with a specific activity.
Indirect (overhead) expenses are those
that aren't specifically identified as
connected with a particular activity but that
relate to the direct costs incurred in
conducting the activity. Examples of
indirect expenses include:
• Occupancy expenses;
• Supervisory and clerical compensation;
• Repair, rental, and maintenance of
equipment;
• Expenses of other departments or cost
centers (such as accounting, personnel,
and payroll departments or units) that
service the department or function that
incurs the direct expenses of conducting
an activity; and
• Other applicable general and
administrative expenses, including the
compensation of top management, to the
extent reasonably allocable to a particular
activity.
No specific method of allocation is
required. The method used, however,
must be reasonable and must be used
consistently.
Examples of acceptable allocation
methods include:
• Compensation allocated on a time
basis;
• Employee benefits allocated on the
basis of direct salary expenses;
• Travel, conference, and meeting
expenses charged directly to the activity
that incurred the expense;
• Occupancy expenses allocated on a
space-utilized basis; and
• Other indirect expenses allocated on
the basis of direct salary expenses or total
direct expenses.

Part IX-B. Summary of
Program-Related
Investments
Program-related investment. Section
4944(c) and corresponding regulations
define a program-related investment as
one that is made primarily to accomplish a
charitable purpose of the foundation and
no substantial purpose of which is to
produce investment income or a capital
gain from the sale of the investment.
Examples of program-related investments
include educational loans to individuals
and low-interest loans to other section
501(c)(3) organizations.
General instructions. Report all
program-related investments made in the
current tax year. Don't report any
investments made in a prior year even if
they were still held by the foundation in the
current tax year.
Report in the amount column only the
amounts of program-related investments
that may be treated as qualifying
distributions. Don't report in the amount
column (1) the amount of a loan guarantee
except to the extent that the foundation
makes a guarantee payment that would be
a qualifying distribution, or (2) the amount
of a program-related investment in an
organization described in the exceptions
set forth in the Part I, line 25, column (d)
instructions. If an amount isn't reportable
in the amount column, then report it in the
column describing the program-related
investment.
Investments consisting of loans to
individuals (such as educational loans)
aren't required to be listed separately but
may be grouped with other
program-related investments of the same
type. Loans to other section 501(c)(3)
organizations and all other types of
program-related investments must be
listed separately on lines 1 through 3 or on
an attachment.
Lines 1 and 2. List the two largest
program-related investments made by the
foundation in 2018, if any, whether or not
the investments were still held by the
foundation at the end of the year. If none,
enter “NONE.”
Line 3. Combine all other
program-related investments and enter
the total on line 3 in the Amount column.
List the individual investments or groups of
investments included (attach a schedule, if
necessary).
The total of lines 1 through 3 in the

TIP Amount column must equal the
XII.

amount reported on line 1b of Part

-30-

Part X. Minimum
Investment Return
Who must complete this section? All
domestic foundations must complete
Part X.
Foreign foundations that checked Item
D2 in the Heading don't have to complete
Part X unless claiming status as a private
operating foundation.
Private operating foundations
described in section 4942(j)(3) or 4942(j)
(5) must complete Part X in order to
complete Part XIV.
Overview. A private foundation that isn't
a private operating foundation must pay
out, as qualifying distributions, its
distributable amount, as determined in
Part XI. The distributable amount is the
minimum investment return with certain
adjustments. An organization’s minimum
investment return, as determined in Part
X, is 5% of the total fair market value (less
acquisition indebtedness) of its
noncharitable-use assets.
Minimum investment return. In figuring
the minimum investment return, include
only those assets that aren't actually used
or held for use by the organization for a
charitable, educational, or other similar
function that contributed to the charitable
status of the foundation. Cash on hand
and on deposit is considered used or held
for use for charitable purposes only to the
extent of the reasonable cash balances
reported in Part X, line 4. See the
instructions for lines 1b and 4, later.
Assets held for the production of
income or for investment aren't
considered to be used directly for
charitable functions even though the
income from the assets is used for
charitable functions. It is a factual question
whether an asset is held for the production
of income or for investment rather than
used or held for use directly by the
foundation for charitable purposes.
For example, an office building used to
provide offices for employees engaged in
managing endowment funds for the
foundation isn't considered an asset used
for charitable purposes.
Dual-use property. When property is
used both for charitable and other
purposes, the property is considered used
entirely for charitable purposes if 95% or
more of its total use is for that purpose. If
less than 95% of its total use is for
charitable purposes, a reasonable
allocation must be made between
charitable and noncharitable uses.
Excluded property. Certain assets
are excluded entirely from the
computation of the minimum investment
return. These include pledges of grants
and contributions to be received in the
Form 990-PF Instructions

future and future interests in estates and
trusts.
Line 1a. Average monthly fair market
value of securities. If market quotations
are readily available, a foundation may
use any reasonable method to determine
the average monthly fair market value of
securities such as common and preferred
stock, bonds, and mutual fund shares, as
long as that method is consistently used.
For example, a value for a particular
month might be determined by the closing
price on the first or last trading days of the
month or an average of the closing prices
on the first and last trading days of the
month. Market quotations are considered
readily available if a security is any of the
following.
• Listed on the New York or American
Stock Exchange or any city or regional
exchange in which quotations appear on a
daily basis, including foreign securities
listed on a recognized foreign national or
regional exchange.
• Regularly traded in the national or
regional over-the-counter market for which
published quotations are available.
• Locally traded, for which quotations can
be readily obtained from established
brokerage firms.
If securities are held in trust for, or on
behalf of, a foundation by a bank or other
financial institution that values those
securities periodically using a computer
pricing system, a foundation may use that
system to determine the value of the
securities. The system must be
acceptable to the IRS for federal estate
tax purposes.
The foundation may reduce the fair
market value of securities only to the
extent that it can establish that the
securities could only be liquidated in a
reasonable period of time at a price less
than the fair market value because of:
• The size of the block of the securities,
• The fact that the securities held are
securities in a closely held corporation, or
• The fact that the sale of the securities
would result in a forced or distress sale.
Any reduction in value allowed under
these provisions may not be more than
10% of the fair market value (determined
without regard to any reduction in value).
Also, see Regulations sections
53.4942(a)-2(c)(4)(i)(b), (c), and (iv)(a),
relating to the rules summarized above
and to the general rules for valuing other
assets.
Line 1b. Average of monthly cash balances. Figure cash balances on a
monthly basis by averaging the amount of
cash on hand on the first and last days of
each month. Include all cash balances
and amounts that may be used for
charitable purposes (see Line 4. Cash
deemed held for charitable activities, later)
Form 990-PF Instructions

or set aside and taken as a qualifying
distribution (see Part XII. Qualifying
Distributions, later).
Line 1c. Fair market value of all other
assets. The foundation must report on
line 1c the value of all assets other than
charitable-use assets, publicly traded
securities, cash, and certain “excluded
assets” described in Regulations section
53.4942(a)-2(c)(2). The foundation must
value the assets reported on line 1c
annually, except that real estate may be
valued every 5 years if the independent
appraisal procedures discussed under
5-year valuation, below, are followed.
Alternatively, an annual valuation may be
made by private foundation employees or
by any other person even if that person is
a disqualified person. If the IRS accepts
an annual valuation, it is valid only for the
tax year for which it is made. A new
valuation is required for the next tax year.
5-year valuation. A written, certified,
and independent appraisal of the fair
market value of any real estate, including
any improvements, may be determined on
a 5-year basis by a qualified person.
The qualified person may not be a
disqualified person (see General
Instruction C, earlier) with respect to the
private foundation or an employee of the
foundation.
Commonly accepted valuation
methods must be used in making the
appraisal. A valuation based on
acceptable methods of valuing property
for federal estate tax purposes will be
considered acceptable.
The appraisal must include a closing
statement that, in the appraiser's opinion,
the appraised assets were valued
according to valuation principles regularly
employed in making appraisals of such
property, using all reasonable valuation
methods. The foundation must keep a
copy of the independent appraisal for its
records. If a valuation is reasonable, the
foundation may use it for the tax year for
which the valuation is made and for each
of the 4 following tax years.
Any valuation of real estate by a
certified, independent appraisal may be
replaced during the 5-year period by a
subsequent 5-year certified, independent
appraisal or by an annual valuation as
described above. The most recent
valuation should be used to figure the
foundation's minimum investment return.
If the valuation is made according to
the above rules, the IRS will continue to
accept it during the 5-year period for which
it applies even if the actual fair market
value of the property changes during the
period. For specific rules, see Regulations
section 53.4942(a)-2(c)(4)(iv)(b).

-31-

Valuation date. An asset required to
be valued annually may be valued as of
any day in the private foundation's tax
year, provided the foundation values the
asset as of that date in all tax years.
However, a valuation of real estate
determined on a 5-year basis by a
certified, independent appraisal may be
made as of any day in the first tax year of
the foundation to which the valuation
applies.
Assets held for less than a tax year.
To determine the value of an asset held
less than 1 tax year, divide the number of
days the foundation held the asset by the
number of days in the tax year. Multiply
the result by the fair market value of the
asset.
Line 1e. Reduction claimed for blockage or other factors. If the fair market
value of any securities, real estate
holdings, or other assets reported on lines
1a and 1c reflects a blockage discount,
marketability discount, or other reduction
from full fair market value because of the
size of the asset holding or any other
factor, enter on line 1e the aggregate
amount of the discounts claimed. Attach
an explanation that includes the following
information for each asset or group of
assets involved.
1. A description of the asset or asset
group (for example, 20,000 shares of XYZ,
Inc., common stock).
2. For securities, the percentage of
the total issued and outstanding securities
of the same class that is represented by
the foundation's holding.
3. The fair market value of the asset
or asset group before any claimed
blockage discount or other reduction.
4. The amount of the discount
claimed.
5. A statement that explains why the
claimed discount is appropriate in valuing
the asset or group of assets for section
4942 purposes.
In the case of securities, there are
certain limitations on the size of the
reduction in value that can be claimed.
See the instructions for Part X, line 1a.
Line 2. Acquisition indebtedness.
Enter the total acquisition indebtedness
that applies to assets included on line 1.
For details, see section 514(c)(1).
Line 4. Cash deemed held for charitable activities. Foundations may exclude
from the assets used in the minimum
investment return computation the
reasonable cash balances necessary to
cover current administrative expenses and
other normal and current disbursements
directly connected with the charitable,
educational, or other similar activities. The
amount of cash that may be excluded is

generally 1.5% of the fair market value of
all assets (minus any acquisition
indebtedness) as figured in Part X, line 3.
However, if under the facts and
circumstances an amount larger than the
deemed amount is necessary to pay
expenses and disbursements, then you
may enter the larger amount instead of
1.5% of the fair market value on line 4. If
you use a larger amount, attach an
explanation.
Line 6. Short tax periods. If the
foundation's tax period is less than 12
months, determine the applicable
percentage by dividing the number of days
in the short tax period by 365 (or 366 in a
leap year). Multiply the result by 5%
(0.05). Then multiply the modified
percentage by the amount on line 5 and
enter the result on line 6.

Part XI. Distributable
Amount

If the organization is claiming status as a
private operating foundation described in
section 4942(j)(3) or (j)(5) or if it is a
foreign foundation that checked Item D2 in
the Heading on page 1, check the box in
the Heading for Part XI. You don't need to
complete this part. See the Part XIV
instructions for more details on private
operating foundations.
Section 4942(j)(5) foundations are
classified as private operating foundations
for purposes of section 4942 only if they
meet the requirements of Regulations
section 53.4942(b)-1(a)(2).
The distributable amount for 2018 is
the amount that the foundation must
distribute by the end of 2019 as qualifying
distributions to avoid the 30% tax on the
undistributed portion.
Line 4. Enter the total of recoveries of
amounts treated as qualifying distributions
for any year under section 4942(g).
Include recoveries of part or all (as
applicable) of grants previously made,
proceeds from the sale or other
disposition of property whose cost was
treated as a qualifying distribution when
the property was acquired, and any
amount set aside under section 4942(g) to
the extent it is determined that this amount
isn't necessary for the purposes of the
set-aside.
Line 6. Deduction from distributable
amount. If the foundation was organized
before May 27, 1969, and its governing
instrument or any other instrument
continues to require the accumulation of
income after a judicial proceeding
pursuant to section 508(e) to reform the
instrument has terminated, then the
income required to be accumulated must
be subtracted from the distributable
amount beginning with the first tax year

after the tax year in which the judicial
proceeding was terminated.

Part XII. Qualifying
Distributions

“Qualifying distributions” are amounts
spent or set aside for religious,
educational, or similar charitable
purposes. The total amount of qualifying
distributions for any year is used to reduce
the distributable amount for specified
years to arrive at the undistributed income
(if any) for those years. Foreign
foundations described in section 4948(b)
not claiming operating foundation status
need not complete this part.

Line 1a. Expenses, contributions, gifts,
etc. Enter the amount from Part I, line 26,
column (d).
Line 1b. Program-related investments.
Enter the total of the Amount column from
Part IX-B. See the Part IX-B instructions
for the definition of program-related
investments.
Line 3. Amounts set aside. Amounts set
aside may be treated as qualifying
distributions only if the private foundation
establishes to the satisfaction of the IRS
that the amount will be paid for the specific
project within 60 months from the date of
the first set-aside and meets (1) or (2)
below.
1. The project can be better
accomplished by a set-aside than by the
immediate payment of funds (suitability
test).
2. The private foundation meets the
requirements of section 4942(g)(2)(B)(ii)
(cash distribution test).
Set-aside under item 1. For any
set-aside under (1) above, the private
foundation must apply for IRS approval by
the end of the tax year in the amount of the
set-aside. The request for approval is
submitted with Form 8940, Request for
Miscellaneous Determination, under
sections 507, 509(a), 4940, 4942, 4945,
and 6033. The Instructions for Form 8940
provide what information is required to be
included with the set-aside ruling request.
Submit the completed Form 8940, user
fee payment, and all other required
information as directed in the Instructions
for Form 8940.
Set-aside under item 2. For any
set-aside under (2) above, the private
foundation must attach a schedule to its
annual information return showing how the
requirements are met. A schedule is
required for the year of the set-aside and
for each subsequent year until the
set-aside amount has been distributed.
See Regulations section 53.4942(a)-3(b)
(7)(ii) for specific requirements.

-32-

Line 5. Reduced tax on investment income under section 4940(e). If the
organization doesn't qualify for the 1% tax
under section 4940(e), enter zero. See
Parts V and VI of the instructions.

Part XIII. Undistributed
Income

If you checked Item D2 in the Heading on
page 1, don't fill in this part.
If the organization is a private operating
foundation for any of the years shown in
Part XIII, don't complete the portions of
Part XIII that apply to those years. If there
are excess qualifying distributions for any
tax year, don't carry them over to a year in
which the organization is a private
operating foundation or to any later year.
For example, if a foundation made excess
qualifying distributions in 2016 and
became a private operating foundation in
2018, the excess qualifying distributions
from 2016 could be applied against the
distributable amount for 2017 but not to
any year after 2017.
The purpose of this part is to enable the
foundation to comply with the rules for
applying its qualifying distributions for the
year 2018. In applying the qualifying
distributions, there are three basic steps.
1. Reduce any undistributed income
for 2017 (but not below zero).
2. The organization may use any part
of or all remaining qualifying distributions
for 2018 to satisfy elections. For example,
if undistributed income remained for any
year before 2017, it could be reduced to
zero or, if the foundation wished, the
distributions could be treated as
distributions out of corpus.
3. If no elections are involved, apply
remaining qualifying distributions to the
2018 distributable amount on line 4d. If the
remaining qualifying distributions are
greater than the 2018 distributable
amount, the excess is treated as a
distribution out of corpus on line 4e.
If for any reason the 2018 qualifying
distributions don't reduce any 2017
undistributed income to zero, the amount
not distributed is subject to a 30% tax. If
the 2017 income remains undistributed at
the end of 2019, it could be subject again
to the 30% tax. Also, see section 4942(b)
for the circumstances under which a
second-tier tax could be imposed.
Excess distribution carryovers. An
excess of qualifying distributions is
created for a particular tax year (and
available as a carryover for the 5
succeeding years) if the total qualifying
distributions treated as made out of the
undistributed income for the year or out of
corpus with respect to the year (other than
amounts distributed in satisfaction of
section 170(b)(1)(F)(ii) or 4942(g)(3) or
Form 990-PF Instructions

applied to a prior tax year by election)
exceeds the distributable amount for the
year. See Regulations section
53.4942(a)-3(e)(2). Thus, in no case does
the excess for the particular tax year
exceed the qualifying distributions for the
year less the distributable amount for the
year.
Example. X Foundation has an
excess distribution carryover of $100,000
from 5 years ago that will expire to the
extent that it isn't used in its current tax
year. For its current tax year, X Foundation
has a distributable amount of $110,000,
qualifying distributions also of $90,000,
and no undistributed income from prior
years. X Foundation doesn't elect to
distribute any part of its qualifying
distributions in satisfaction of section
170(b)(1)(F)(ii) or 4942(g)(3). Under these
circumstances, X Foundation has no
excess distributions for its current tax
year. X Foundation may apply $20,000 of
its $100,000 carryover from 5 years ago to
its undistributed income in the current tax
year, but the remaining $80,000 must
expire. X Foundation can't create an
excess distribution for its current tax year
by electing to treat all or part of its
qualifying distributions for the current year
as made out of corpus and applying the
$100,000 carryover from the prior year in
satisfaction of its distributable amount for
the current year.
Line 1. Distributable amount. Enter the
distributable amount for 2018 from Part XI,
line 7.
Line 2. Undistributed income. Enter the
distributable amount for 2017 and
amounts for earlier years that remained
undistributed at the beginning of the
2018 tax year.
Line 2b. Enter the amount of
undistributed income for years before
2017.
Line 3. Excess distributions carryover
to 2018. If the foundation has made
excess distributions out of corpus in prior
years, which haven't been applied in any
year, enter the amount for each year.
Don't enter an amount for a particular year
if the organization was a private operating
foundation for any later year.
Lines 3a through 3e. Enter the amount
of any excess distribution made on the line
for each year listed. Don't include any
amount that was applied against the
distributable amount of an earlier year or
that was already used to meet
pass-through distribution requirements.
(See Line 7. Distributions out of corpus for
2018 pass-through distributions, later.)
Line 3f. This amount can be applied in
2018.
Line 4. Qualifying distributions. Enter
the total amount of qualifying distributions
Form 990-PF Instructions

made in 2018 from Part XII, line 4, on the
line next to column (a). The total of the
amounts applied on lines 4a through 4e is
equal to the qualifying distributions made
in 2018.

or as a distribution of a prior year's
undistributed income. Enter only enough
of the remaining 2018 qualifying
distributions to reduce the 2018
distributable amount to zero.

Line 4a. The qualifying distributions for
2018 are first used to reduce any
undistributed income remaining from
2017. Enter only enough of the 2018
qualifying distributions to reduce the 2017
undistributed income to zero.

Line 4e. Any 2018 qualifying distributions
remaining after reducing the 2018
distributable amount to zero should be
treated as an excess distribution out of
corpus. This amount may be carried over
and applied to later years.

Lines 4b and 4c. If there are any 2018
qualifying distributions remaining after
reducing the 2017 undistributed income to
zero, one or more elections can be made
under Regulations section 53.4942(a)-3(d)
(2) to apply all or part of the remaining
qualifying distributions to any
undistributed income remaining from
years before 2017 or to apply to corpus.

Line 5. Excess qualifying distributions
carryover applied to 2018. The
foundation may apply excess qualifying
distribution carryovers from its 5 prior
years to its current-year undistributed
income, but only to the extent that the
undistributed income exceeds its
qualifying distributions for the year. For
example, if for the tax year X Foundation
has a distributable amount of $1,000,
qualifying distributions of $800 which it
elects to treat as made out of corpus,
prior-year carryovers of $700, and no
undistributed income for prior years, then
it may apply only $200 of the carryovers to
its current-year undistributed income. See
Regulations section 53.4942(a)-3(e)(1).
Enter any excess qualifying
distributions from line 3, which were
applied to 2018, in both the Corpus
column and the 2018 column. Apply the
oldest excess qualifying distributions first.
Thus, the organization will apply any
excess qualifying distributions carried
forward from 2013 before those from later
years.

A foundation may make a corpus
election on line 4c in order to
CAUTION qualify under section 170(b)(1)(F)
(ii) for the benefit of its contributors, or in
order for a foundation grantor to the
foundation to obtain a qualifying
distribution under section 4942(g)(3), as
described in the Part XIII, line 7,
instructions. A foundation can't make a
corpus election on line 4c in an attempt to
create or increase an excess distributions
carryover for the current year on line 10e
by applying excess distribution carryovers
to its current-year distributable amount on
line 5. See Regulations section
53.4942(a)-3(e)(2).

!

Elections. To make these elections,
the organization must file a statement with
the IRS or attach a statement, as
described in the above regulations
section, to Form 990-PF. An election
made by filing a separate statement with
the IRS must be made within the year for
which the election is made. Otherwise,
attach a statement to the Form 990-PF
filed for the year the election was made.
Where to enter. If the organization
elected to apply all or part of the remaining
amount to the undistributed income
remaining from years before 2017, enter
the amount on line 4b.
If the organization elected to treat those
qualifying distributions as a distribution out
of corpus, enter the amount on line 4c.
Entering an amount on line 4b or
4c without submitting the required
CAUTION statement isn't considered a valid
election.

!

Line 4d. Treat as a distribution of the
distributable amount for 2018 any
qualifying distributions for 2018 that
remain after reducing the 2017
undistributed income to zero and after
electing to treat any part of the remaining
distributions as a distribution out of corpus
-33-

Line 6a. Add lines 3f, 4c, and 4e.
Subtract line 5 from the total. Enter the net
total in the Corpus column.
Line 6c. Enter only the undistributed
income from 2016 and prior years for
which either a notice of deficiency under
section 6212(a) has been mailed for the
section 4942(a) first-tier tax, or on which
the first-tier tax has been assessed
because the organization filed a Form
4720 for a tax year that began before
2017.
Lines 6d and 6e. These amounts are
taxable under the provisions of section
4942(a), except for any part that is due
solely to improper valuation of assets to
which the provisions of section 4942(a)(2)
are being applied (see Line 2b under Part
VII-B, earlier). Report the taxable amount
on Form 4720. If the exception applies,
attach an explanation.
Line 6f. In the 2018 column, enter the
amount by which line 1 is more than the
total of lines 4d and 5. This is the
undistributed income for 2018. The
organization must distribute the amount
shown by the end of its 2019 tax year so
that it won't be liable for the tax on
undistributed income.

Line 7. Distributions out of corpus for
2018 pass-through distributions. If the
foundation is the donee and receives a
contribution from another private
foundation, the donor foundation may treat
the contribution as a qualifying distribution
only if the donee foundation makes a
distribution equal to the full amount of the
contribution and the distribution is a
qualifying distribution that is treated as a
distribution of corpus. The donee
foundation must, no later than the close of
the first tax year after the tax year in which
it receives the contributions, distribute an
amount equal in value to the contributions
received in the prior tax year and have no
remaining undistributed income for the
prior year. For example, if private
Foundation X received $1,000 in tax year
2017 from Foundation Y, Foundation X
would have to distribute the $1,000 as a
qualifying distribution out of corpus by the
end of 2018 and have no remaining
undistributed income for 2017.
If a private foundation receives a
contribution from an individual or a
corporation and the individual is seeking
the 50% contribution base limit on
deductions for the tax year (or the
individual or corporation isn't applying the
limit imposed on deductions for
contributions to the foundation of capital
gain property), the foundation must
comply with certain distribution
requirements.
By the 15th day of the 3rd month after
the end of the tax year in which the
foundation received the contributions, the
donee foundation must distribute as
qualifying distributions out of corpus 100%
of the value as of the date of receipt of the
following.
1. All contributions of cash and
property received during the year, in order
for the individual contributor to receive the
benefit of the 50% limit on deductions
under section 170(b)(1)(F)(ii).
2. All contributions of property only, in
order for the individual or corporate
contributor not to be subject to the section
170(e)(1)(B)(ii) limitations.
Elections. If the organization is
applying excess distributions from prior
years (for instance, any part of the amount
in Part XIII, line 3f) to satisfy the
distribution requirements of section 170(b)
(1)(F) or 4942(g)(3), it must make the
election under Regulations section
53.4942(a)-3(c)(2) by attaching a
statement in accordance with that section.
Also, see Regulations section 1.170A-9(h)
(2).
Enter on line 7 the total distributions out
of corpus made to satisfy the restrictions
on amounts received from donors
described, earlier.

Line 8. Outdated excess distributions
carryover. Because of the 5-year
carryover limitation under section 4942(i)
(2), the organization must reduce any
excess distributions carryover by any
amounts from 2013 that weren't applied in
2018.
Line 9. Excess distributions carryover
to 2019. Enter the amount by which
line 6a is more than the total of lines 7 and
8. This is the amount the organization may
apply to 2019 and following years. Line 9
can never be less than zero.
Line 10. Analysis of line 9. In the space
provided for each year, enter the amount
of excess distributions carryover from that
year that hasn't been applied as of the end
of the 2018 tax year. If there is an amount
on the line for 2014, it must be applied by
the end of the 2019 tax year since the
5-year carryover period for 2014 ends in
2019.

Part XIV. Private Operating
Foundations

All organizations that claim status as
private operating foundations under
section 4942(j)(3) or (5) for 2018 must
complete Part XIV.

Certain elderly care facilities (section
4942(j)(5)). For purposes of section 4942
only, certain elderly care facilities which,
on May 26, 1969, and at all times
thereafter before the close of the tax year,
operated and maintained as their principal
functional purpose facilities for the
long-term care, comfort, maintenance, or
education of permanently and totally
disabled persons, elderly persons, needy
widows, or children may be classified as
private operating foundations. To be so
classified, they also must meet the
endowment test described below.
If the foundation is a section 4942(j)(5)
organization, complete only lines 1a, 1b,
2c, 2d, 2e, and 3b. Enter “N/A” on all other
lines in the Total column for Part XIV.
Private operating foundation (section
4942(j)(3)). The term “private operating
foundation” means any private foundation
that spends at least 85% of the smaller of
its adjusted net income or its minimum
investment return directly for the active
conduct of the exempt purpose or
functions for which the foundation is
organized and operated (the income test)
and that also meets one of the three tests
below.
1. Assets test. 65% or more of the
foundation's assets are devoted directly to
those activities or functionally related
businesses, or both; or 65% or more of the
foundation's assets are stock of a
corporation that is controlled by the
foundation, and substantially all of the
assets of the corporation are devoted to
-34-

those activities or functionally related
businesses.
2. Endowment test. The foundation
normally makes qualifying distributions
directly for the active conduct of the
exempt purpose or functions for which it is
organized and operated in an amount that
is two-thirds or more of its minimum
investment return.
3. Support test. The foundation
normally receives 85% or more of its
support (other than gross investment
income as defined in section 509(e)) from
the public and from five or more exempt
organizations that aren't described in
section 4946(a)(1)(H) with respect to each
other or the recipient foundation. Not more
than 25% of the support (other than gross
investment income) normally may be
received from any one of the exempt
organizations and not more than one-half
of the support normally may be received
from gross investment income.
See the regulations under section 4942
for the meaning of “directly for the active
conduct” of exempt activities for purposes
of these tests.
Complying with these tests. A
foundation may meet the income test and
either the assets, endowment, or support
test by satisfying the tests for any 3 years
during a 4-year period consisting of the tax
year in question and the 3 immediately
preceding tax years. It may also meet the
tests based on the total of all related
amounts of income or assets held,
received, or distributed during that 4-year
period. A foundation may not use one
method for satisfying the income test and
another for satisfying one of the three
alternative tests. Thus, if a foundation
meets the income test on the 3-out-of-4year basis for a particular tax year, it may
not use the 4-year aggregation method for
meeting one of the three alternative tests
for that same year.
In completing line 3c(3) of Part XIV
under the aggregation method, the largest
amount of support from an exempt
organization will be based on the total
amount received for the 4-year period
from any one exempt organization.
A new private foundation must use the
aggregation method to satisfy the tests for
its first tax year in order to be treated as a
private operating foundation from the
beginning of that year. It must continue to
use the aggregation method for its second
and third tax years to maintain its status
for those years.

Part XV. Supplementary
Information

Complete this part only if the foundation
had assets of $5,000 or more at any time
during the year. This part doesn't apply to
a foreign foundation that during its entire
Form 990-PF Instructions

period of existence received substantially
all (85% or more) of its support (other than
gross investment income) from sources
outside the United States.
Line 2. In the space provided (or in an
attachment, if necessary), furnish the
required information about the
organization's grant, scholarship,
fellowship, loan, etc., programs. In
addition to restrictions or limitations on
awards by geographical areas, charitable
fields, and kinds of recipients, indicate any
specific dollar limitations or other
restrictions applicable to each type of
award the organization makes. This
information benefits the grant seeker and
the foundation. The grant seekers will be
aware of the grant eligibility requirements,
and the foundation should receive only
applications that adhere to these grant
application requirements.
If the foundation only makes
contributions to preselected charitable
organizations and doesn't accept
unsolicited applications for funds, check
the box on line 2.
Line 3. If necessary, attach a schedule
for lines 3a and 3b that lists separately
amounts given to individuals and amounts
given to organizations.

Foundation Status of Recipient
Use the following codes:
PF
Private non-operating foundation
(section 509(a))
POF
Private operating foundation (section
4942(j)(3)) other than an EOF
EOF
Exempt operating foundation (section
4940(d))
PC
Public charity described in section
509(a)(1) or (2)
GOV
Domestic or foreign government
(including Indian tribal governments)
or instrumentality, or international
organization designated by Executive
Order under 22 U.S.C. 288
SO-DP
Type I, Type II, or Type III functionally
integrated supporting organization if a
disqualified person of the private
foundation controls the supporting
organization or a supported
organization (sections 509(a)(3) and
4942(g)(4))
SO I
Type I supporting organization
(sections 509(a)(3) and 509(a)(3)(B)
(i)) other than an SO-DP
SO II
Type II supporting organization
(sections 509(a)(3) and 509(a)(3)(B)
(ii)) other than an SO-DP
SO III FI Functionally integrated Type III
supporting organization (sections
509(a)(3), 509(a)(3)(B)(iii), and 4943(f)
(5)(B)) other than an SO-DP
SO III NFI Non-functionally integrated Type III
supporting organization (sections
509(a)(3), 509(a)(3)(B)(iii), and 4943(f)
(5)(B))
TPS
Testing for public safety organization
(section 509(a)(4))
NC
Organization not otherwise classified
I
Individual person

See Regulations section 1.509(a)-4,
Notice 2006-109, 2006-51 I.R.B. 1121,
available at IRS.gov/irb/2006-51_IRB,
Rev. Proc. 2011-33, 2011-25 I.R.B. 87,
available at IRS.gov/pub/irs-irbs/
irb11-25.pdf, and Notice 2014-4, 2014-2
I.R.B. 274, available at IRS.gov/irb/
2014-2_IRB/ar14.html, for guidance on
determining whether a grantee is a Type I,
Type II, Type III functionally integrated, or
Type III non-functionally integrated
supporting organization.
Purpose of grant or contribution.
Entries under this column should reflect
the grant's or contribution's purpose and
should be in greater detail than merely
classifying them as charitable,
educational, religious, or scientific
activities.
For example, use an identification such
as payments:
• For nursing service,
• For fellowships, or
• For assistance to indigent families.
Entries such as “grant” or
“contribution” under the column
CAUTION titled Purpose of grant or
contribution are unacceptable.

!

Form 990-PF Instructions

-35-

Line 3a. Paid during year. List all
contributions, grants, etc., actually paid
during the year, including grants or
contributions that aren't qualifying
distributions under section 4942(g).
Include current-year payments of
set-asides treated as qualifying
distributions in the current tax year or any
prior year.
Line 3b. Approved for future
payment. List all contributions, grants,
etc., approved during the year but not paid
by the end of the year, including the
unpaid portion of any current-year
set-aside. Don't report contributions and
grants approved or set aside in a prior tax
year but still unpaid as of the end of the
tax year.

Part XVI-A. Analysis of
Income-Producing
Activities

In Part XVI-A, analyze revenue items that
are also entered in Part I, lines 3–11,
column (a), and on line 5b. Contributions
reported on line 1 of Part I aren't entered in
Part XVI-A. For information on unrelated
business income, see the Instructions for
Form 990-T and Pub. 598.
Columns (a) and (c). In column (a),
enter a six-digit business code, from the
list in the Instructions for Form 990-T, to
identify any income reported in column
(b). In column (c), enter an exclusion
code, from the list later, to identify any
income reported in column (d). If more
than one exclusion code is applicable to a
particular revenue item, select the lowest
numbered exclusion code that applies.
Also, if nontaxable revenues from several
sources are reportable on the same line in
column (d), use the exclusion code that
applies to the largest revenue source.
Columns (b), (d), and (e). For amounts
reported in Part XVI-A on lines 1–11, enter
in column (b) any income earned that is
unrelated business income (see section
512). In column (d), enter any income
earned that is excluded from the
computation of unrelated business taxable
income by section 512, 513, or 514. In
column (e), enter any related or exempt
function income; that is, any income
earned that is related to the organization's
purpose or function which constitutes the
basis for the organization's exemption.
Also enter in column (e) any income
specifically excluded from gross income
other than by section 512, 513, or 514,
such as interest on state and local bonds
that is excluded from tax by section 103.
You must explain in Part XVI-B any
amount shown in column (e).
Comparing Part XVI-A with Part I. The
sum of the amounts entered on each line
of lines 1–11 of columns (b), (d), and (e) of

Part XVI-A should equal corresponding
amounts entered on Part I, lines 3–11,
column (a), and on line 5b as shown
below.
Amounts in
Part XVI-A
on line . . .
1a–g .
2 . . .
3 . . .
4 . . .
5 and 6
7
8
9

. . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .

10 .
11a–e

. . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . .

Correspond to
Amounts in Part I,
column (a), line . . .
11
11
3
4
5b (description
column)
11
6a
11 minus any special
event expenses
included on lines 13
through 23 of Part I,
column (a)
10c
11

Line 1. Program service revenue. On
lines 1a–g, list each revenue-producing
program service activity of the
organization. For each program service
activity listed, enter the gross revenue
earned for each activity, as well as
identifying business and exclusion codes,
in the appropriate columns. For line 1g,
enter amounts that are payments for
services rendered to governmental units.
Don't include governmental grants that are
reportable on Part I, line 1.
Report the total of lines 1a–g on line 11
of Part I, along with any other income
reportable on line 11.
Program services are mainly those
activities that the reporting organization
was created to conduct and that, along
with any activities begun later, form the
basis of the organization's current
exemption from tax.
Program services can also include the
organization's unrelated trade or business
activities. Program service revenue also
includes income from program-related
investments (such as interest earned on
scholarship loans) as defined in the
instructions for Part IX-B.
Line 11. On lines 11a–e, list each “Other
revenue” activity not reported on lines 1
through 10. Report the sum of the
amounts entered for lines 11a–e, columns
(b), (d), and (e), on Part I, line 11.
Line 13. On line 13, enter the total of
columns (b), (d), and (e) of line 12.
You may use the following worksheet
to verify your calculations.

Line 13, Part XVI-A . . . . . . . .
Minus:

Part I, line 5b . . . . . .
Note. If Part I, line 5b,
reflects a loss, add that
amount here instead of
subtracting.

Plus:

Part I, line 1

Plus:

Part I, line 5a

Plus:

Expenses of special
events deducted in
figuring Part XVI-A,
line 9 . . . . . . . . . . .

Equal:

Part I, line 12, column
(a) . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . .
. . . . . .

Part XVI-B. Relationship of
Activities to the
Accomplishment of
Exempt Purposes

To explain how each amount in column (e)
of Part XVI-A was related or exempt
function income, show the line number of
the amount in column (e) and give a brief
description of how each activity reported
in column (e) contributed importantly to
the accomplishment of the organization's
exempt purposes (other than by providing
funds for such purposes). Activities that
generate exempt-function income are
activities that form the basis of the
organization's exemption from tax.
Also, explain any income entered in
column (e) that is specifically excluded
from gross income other than by section
512, 513, or 514. If no amount is entered
in column (e), don't complete Part XVI-B.
Example. M, a performing arts
association, is primarily supported by
endowment funds. It raises revenue by
charging admissions to its performances.
These performances are the primary
means by which the organization
accomplishes its cultural and educational
purposes.
M reported admissions income in
column (e) of Part XVI-A and explained in
Part XVI-B that these performances are
the primary means by which it
accomplishes its cultural and educational
purposes.
Because M also reported interest from
state bonds in column (e) of Part XVI-A, M
explained in Part XVI-B that such interest
was excluded from gross income by
section 103.

Part XVII. Information
Regarding Transfers to
and Transactions and
Relationships With
Noncharitable Exempt
Organizations

Part XVII is used to report direct and
indirect transfers to (line 1a) and direct
and indirect transactions with (line 1b) and
relationships with (line 2) any other
noncharitable exempt organization. A
“noncharitable exempt organization” is a
tax-exempt organization described in
section 501(c), other than in paragraph (3)
of section 501(c), or a political
organization described in section 527.
For purposes of these instructions, the
section 501(c)(3) organization completing
Part XVII is referred to as the “reporting
organization.”

A noncharitable exempt organization is
“related to or affiliated with” the reporting
organization if either:
• The two organizations share some
element of common control, or
• A historic and continuing relationship
exists between the two organizations.
A noncharitable exempt organization is
unrelated to the reporting organization if:
• The two organizations share no
element of common control, and
• A historic and continuing relationship
doesn't exist between the two
organizations.
An “element of common control” is
present when one or more of the officers,
directors, or trustees of one organization
are elected or appointed by the officers,
directors, trustees, or members of the
other. An element of common control is
also present when more than 25% of the
officers, directors, or trustees of one
organization serve as officers, directors, or
trustees of the other organization.
A “historic and continuing relationship”
exists when two organizations participate
in a joint effort to achieve one or more
common purposes on a continuous or
recurring basis rather than on the basis of
one or more isolated transactions or
activities. Such a relationship also exists
when two organizations share facilities,
equipment, or paid personnel during the
year, regardless of the length of time the
arrangement is in effect.
Line 1. Reporting of certain transfers
and transactions. Generally, report on
line 1 any transfer to or transaction with a
noncharitable exempt organization even if
the transfer or transaction constitutes the
only connection with the noncharitable
exempt organization.
Related organizations. If the
noncharitable exempt organization is

-36-

Form 990-PF Instructions

related to or affiliated with the reporting
organization, report all direct and indirect
transfers and transactions except for
contributions and grants to the reporting
organization.

was $500 or less, answer “No” for that
transaction.

Unrelated organizations. All
transfers to an unrelated noncharitable
exempt organization must be reported on
line 1a. All transactions between the
reporting organization and an unrelated
noncharitable exempt organization must
be shown on line 1b unless they meet an
exception in the specific instructions for
line 1b.

Line 1b(4). Answer “Yes” if either
organization reimbursed expenses
incurred by the other.

Line 1a. Transfers. Answer “Yes” to
lines 1a(1) and 1a(2) if the reporting
organization made any direct or indirect
transfers of any value to a noncharitable
exempt organization.
A “transfer” is any transaction or
arrangement whereby one organization
transfers something of value (cash, other
assets, services, use of property, etc.) to
another organization without receiving
something of more than nominal value in
return. Contributions, gifts, and grants are
examples of transfers.
If the only transfers between the two
organizations were contributions and
grants made by the noncharitable exempt
organization to the reporting organization,
answer “No.”
Line 1b. Other transactions. Answer
“Yes” for any transaction described on
line 1b(1)–(6), regardless of its amount, if
it is with a related or affiliated organization.
Unrelated organizations. Answer
“Yes” for any transaction between the
reporting organization and an unrelated
noncharitable exempt organization,
regardless of its amount, if the reporting
organization received less than adequate
consideration. There is adequate
consideration when the fair market value
of the goods and other assets or services
furnished by the reporting organization
isn't more than the fair market value of the
goods and other assets or services
received from the unrelated noncharitable
exempt organization. The exception
described below doesn't apply to
transactions for less than adequate
consideration.
Answer “Yes” for any transaction
between the reporting organization and an
unrelated noncharitable exempt
organization if the “amount involved” is
more than $500. The “amount involved” is
the fair market value of the goods,
services, or other assets furnished by the
reporting organization.
Exception. If a transaction with an
unrelated noncharitable exempt
organization was for adequate
consideration and the amount involved

Form 990-PF Instructions

Line 1b(3). Answer “Yes” for transactions
in which the reporting organization was
either the lessor or the lessee.

Line 1b(5). Answer “Yes” if either
organization made loans to the other or if
the reporting organization guaranteed the
other's loans.
Line 1b(6). Answer “Yes” if either
organization performed services or
membership or fundraising solicitations for
the other.
Line 1c. Complete line 1c regardless of
whether the noncharitable exempt
organization is related to or closely
affiliated with the reporting organization.
For purposes of this line, “facilities”
includes office space and any other land,
building, or structure whether owned or
leased by, or provided free of charge to,
the reporting organization or the
noncharitable exempt organization.
Line 1d. Use this schedule to describe
the transfers and transactions for which
“Yes” was entered on lines 1a–c, earlier.
You must describe each transfer or
transaction for which the answer was
“Yes.” You may combine all of the cash
transfers (line 1a(1)) to each organization
into a single entry. Otherwise, make a
separate entry for each transfer or
transaction.
Column (a). For each entry, enter the
line number from lines 1a–c. For example,
if the answer was “Yes” to line 1b(3), enter
“b(3)” in column (a).
Column (d). If you need more space,
enter “See Attached” in column (d) and
use an attached sheet for the description.
If making more than one entry on line 1d,
specify on the attached sheet which
transfer or transaction you are describing.
Line 2. Reporting of certain relationships. Enter on line 2 each noncharitable
exempt organization that the reporting
organization is related to or affiliated with,
as defined earlier. If the control factor or
the historic and continuing relationship
factor (or both) is present at any time
during the year, identify the organization
on line 2 even if neither factor is present at
the end of the year.
Don't enter unrelated noncharitable
exempt organizations on line 2 even if
transfers to or transactions with those
organizations were entered on line 1. For
example, if a one-time transfer to an
unrelated noncharitable exempt
organization was entered on line 1a(2),
don't enter the organization on line 2.
-37-

Column (b). Enter the exempt
category of the organization; for example,
“501(c)(4).”
Column (c). In most cases, a simple
description, such as “common directors”
or “auxiliary of reporting organization” will
be sufficient. If you need more space,
enter “See Attached” in column (c) and
use an attached sheet to describe the
relationship. If you are entering more than
one organization on line 2, identify which
organization you are describing on the
attached sheet.

Signature

The return must be signed by the
president, vice president, treasurer,
assistant treasurer, chief accounting
officer, or other corporate officer (such as
tax officer) who is authorized to sign. A
receiver, trustee, or assignee must sign
any return that he or she is required to file
for a corporation. If the return is filed for a
trust, it must be signed by the authorized
trustee or trustees. Sign and date the form
and fill in the signer's title.
If an officer or employee of the
organization prepares the return, the Paid
Preparer Use Only area should remain
blank. If someone prepares the return
without charge, that person shouldn't sign
the return.
Note. A paid preparer must sign original
or amended return by rubber stamp,
mechanical device, or computer software
program.

Paid Preparer

Generally, anyone who is paid to prepare
the return must sign the return and fill in
the other blanks in the Paid Preparer Use
Only area. An employee of the filing
organization isn't a paid preparer.
The paid preparer must:

• Sign the return in the space provided

for the preparer's signature;
• Enter the preparer information;
• Enter the preparer tax identification
number (PTIN); and
• Give a copy of the return to the
organization, in addition to the copy to be
filed with the IRS.
Enter the paid preparer's PTIN,
not his or her social security
CAUTION number (SSN), in the “PTIN” box
in the paid preparer's block. Because this
form is publicly disclosable, any
information entered in this block will be
publicly disclosed. For more information
about PTINs, visit the IRS website at
IRS.gov/PTIN.

!

Paid Preparer Authorization

On the “Sign Here” line, check “Yes” if the
IRS can contact the paid preparer who

signed the return to discuss the return.
This authorization applies only to the
individual whose signature appears in the
Paid Preparer Use Only section of Form
990-PF. It doesn't apply to the firm, if any,
shown in that section.
By checking “Yes” to this box, the
organization is authorizing the IRS to
contact the paid preparer to answer any
questions that arise during the processing
of the return. The organization is also
authorizing the paid preparer to:
• Give the IRS any information missing
from the return;
• Call the IRS for information about
processing the return; and
• Respond to certain IRS notices about
math errors, offsets, and return
preparation.
The organization isn't authorizing the
paid preparer to bind the organization to

anything or otherwise represent the
organization before the IRS.
The authorization will automatically end
no later than the due date (excluding
extensions) for filing of the organization's
Form 990-PF for its next tax year. If the
organization wants to expand the paid
preparer's authorization or revoke it before
it ends, see Pub. 947, Practice Before the
IRS and Power of Attorney.
Check “No” if the IRS should contact
the organization listed in the Heading
rather than the paid preparer.

How To Get Forms and
Publications

• E-file returns, including Form 990-PF.
• Download forms, including talking tax

forms, instructions, and publications. You
can download items from the IRS website
at IRS.gov/FormsPubs.
• Order IRS products online.
• Research your tax questions.
• Search publications online by topic or
keyword.
• Use the Internal Revenue Code,
regulations, or other official guidance.
• View Internal Revenue Bulletins (IRBs)
published in the last few years.
• Sign up to receive local and national tax
news by email.
• Get information on starting and
operating a private foundation.

Internet

You can access the IRS website at
IRS.gov 24 hours a day, 7 days a week to
do the following.

Paperwork Reduction Act Notice. We ask for the information on this form to carry out the Internal Revenue laws of the United
States. You are required to give us the information. We need it to ensure that you are complying with these laws and to allow us to
figure and collect the right amount of tax. You aren't required to provide the information requested on a form that is subject to the
Paperwork Reduction Act unless the form displays a valid OMB control number. Books or records relating to a form or its instructions
must be retained as long as their contents may become material in the administration of any Internal Revenue law. The rules
governing the confidentiality of Form 990-PF are covered in section 6103.
Estimates of Taxpayer Burden. These include Forms in the 990 series and attachments and 1023, 1024, 1028, 5578, 5884-C,
8038, 8038-B, 8038-CP, 8038-G, 8038-GC, 8038-R, 8038-T, 8038-TC, 8328, 8718, 8282, 8453-EO, 8453-X, 8868, 8870, 8871, 8872,
8879-EO, 8886-T, 8899 and their schedules and all the forms tax-exempt organizations attach to their tax returns. Time spent and
out-of-pocket costs are presented separately. Time burden includes the time spent preparing to file and to file, with recordkeeping
representing the largest component. Out-of-pocket costs include any expenses incurred by taxpayers to prepare and submit their tax
returns. Examples include tax return preparation and submission fees, postage and photocopying costs, and tax preparation software
costs. Note that these estimates do not include burden associated with post-filing activities. IRS operational data indicate that
electronically prepared and filed returns have fewer arithmetic errors, implying lower post-filing burden.
Reported time and cost burdens are national averages and do not necessarily reflect a “typical” case. Most taxpayers experience
lower than average burden, with taxpayer burden varying considerably by taxpayer type. For instance, the estimated average time
burden for all taxpayers filing Forms 990, 990-EZ, 990-PF, 990-T, and 990-N and related forms is 35.7 hours, with an average cost of
$918 per return. This average includes all associated forms and schedules, across all preparation methods and taxpayer activities.

Fiscal Year 2018 Form 990 Series Tax Compliance Cost Estimates
Form 990

Form 990-EZ

Form 990-PF

Form 990-T

Form 990-N

Projections of the Number of
Returns to be Filed with IRS

322,900

252,900

113,100

124,500

599,800

Estimated Average Total Time
(Hours)

85

45

47

40

2

Estimated Average Total
Out-of-Pocket Costs

$2,400

$500

$1,800

$1,300

$10

Estimated Total Time (Hours)

27,370,000

11,440,000

5,280,000

5,040,000

1,320,000

Estimated Total Out-of-Pocket
Costs (Note: Totals may not add
due to rounding.)

$787,700,000

$128,000,000

$208,500,000

$167,600,000

$5,500,000

Note: Amounts above are for FY2018. Reported time and cost burdens are national averages and do not necessarily reflect a “typical” case. Most taxpayers experience lower than average burden,
with taxpayer burden varying considerably by taxpayer type. Detail may not add due to rounding.

Comments. If you have comments concerning the accuracy of these time estimates or suggestions for making this form simpler,
we would be happy to hear from you. You can send us comments from IRS.gov/FormComments. Or you can send your comments to
Internal Revenue Service, Tax Forms and Publications Division, 1111 Constitution Ave. NW, IR-6526, Washington, DC 20224. Don't
send the form to this address. Instead, see J. When, Where, and How To File, earlier.

-38-

Form 990-PF Instructions

Exclusion Codes
General Exceptions
01— Income from an activity that is not
regularly carried on (section 512(a)(1))
02— Income from an activity in which labor is
a material income-producing factor and
substantially all (at least 85%) of the work
is performed with unpaid labor (section
513(a)(1))
03— Section 501(c)(3) organization—Income
from an activity carried on primarily for
the convenience of the organization’s
members, students, patients, visitors,
officers, or employees (hospital parking
lot or museum cafeteria, for example)
(section 513(a)(2))
04— Section 501(c)(4) local association of
employees organized before May 27,
1969— Income from the sale of
work-related clothes or equipment and
items normally sold through vending
machines; food dispensing facilities; or
snack bars for the convenience of
association members at their usual places
of employment (section 513(a)(2))
05— Income from the sale of merchandise,
substantially all of which (at least 85%)
was donated to the organization (section
513(a)(3))

Specific Exceptions
06— Section 501(c)(3), (4), or (5) organization
conducting an agricultural or educational
fair or exposition—Qualified public
entertainment activity income (section
513(d)(2))
07— Section 501(c)(3), (4), (5), or (6)
organization—Qualified convention and
trade show activity income (section
513(d)(3))
08— Income from hospital services described
in section 513(e)
09— Income from noncommercial bingo games
that do not violate state or local law
(section 513(f))
10— Income from games of chance conducted
by an organization in North Dakota
(section 311 of the Deficit Reduction Act
of 1984, as amended)
11— Section 501(c)(12) organization— Qualified
pole rental income (section 513(g)) and/or
member income (described in section
501(c)(12)(H))
12— Income from the distribution of low-cost
articles in connection with the solicitation
of charitable contributions (section 513(h))
13— Income from the exchange or rental of
membership or donor list with an
organization eligible to receive charitable
contributions by a section 501(c)(3)
organization; by a war veterans’
organization; or an auxiliary unit or society
of, or trust or foundation for, a war
veterans’ post or organization (section
513(h))

Modifications and Exclusions
14— Dividends, interest, payments with
respect to securities loans, annuities,
income from notional principal contracts,
other substantially similar income from
ordinary and routine investments, and
loan commitment fees, excluded by
section 512(b)(1)
15— Royalty income excluded by section
512(b)(2)
16— Real property rental income that does not
depend on the income or profits derived
by the person leasing the property and is
excluded by section 512 (b)(3)

Form 990-PF Instructions

17— Rent from personal property leased with
real property and incidental (10% or less)
in relation to the combined income from
the real and personal property (section
512(b)(3))
18— Gain or loss from the sale of investments
and other non-inventory property and
from certain property acquired from
financial institutions that are in
conservatorship or receivership (sections
512(b)(5) and (16)(A))
19— Gain or loss from the lapse or termination
of options to buy or sell securities or real
property, and on options and from the
forfeiture of good-faith deposits for the
purchase, sale, or lease of investment real
estate (section 512(b)(5))
20— Income from research for the United
States; its agencies or instrumentalities;
or any state or political subdivision
(section 512(b)(7))
21— Income from research conducted by a
college, university, or hospital (section
512(b)(8))
22— Income from research conducted by an
organization whose primary activity is
conducting fundamental research, the
results of which are freely available to the
general public (section 512(b)(9))
23— Income from services provided under
license issued by a federal regulatory
agency and conducted by a religious
order or school operated by a religious
order, but only if the trade or business
has been carried on by the organization
since before May 27, 1959 (section
512(b)(15))

Debt-Financed Income
30—

31—

32—
33—

34—

35—

36—
37—

Foreign Organizations
24— Foreign organizations only—Income from
a trade or business NOT conducted in the
United States and NOT derived from
United States sources (patrons) (section
512(a)(2))

Social Clubs and VEBAs
25— Section 501(c)(7), (9), or (17)
organization—Non-exempt function
income set aside for a charitable, etc.,
purpose specified in section 170(c)(4)
(section 512(a)(3)(B)(i))
26— Section 501(c)(7), (9), or (17)
organization—Proceeds from the sale of
exempt function property that was or will
be timely reinvested in similar property
(section 512(a)(3)(D))
27— Section 501(c)(9) or (17) organization—
Nonfunction income set aside for the
payment of life, sick, accident, or
other benefits (section 512(a)(3)(B)(ii))

38—

Special Rules
39—

Veterans’ Organizations
28— Section 501(c)(19) organization—Payments
for life, sick, accident, or health insurance
for members or their dependents that are
set aside for the payment of such insurance
benefits or for a charitable, etc., purpose
specified in section 170(c)(4) (section
512(a)(4))
29— Section 501(c)(19) organization— Income
from an insurance set-aside (see code 28
above) that is set aside for payment of
insurance benefits or for a charitable, etc.,
purpose specified in section 170(c)(4)
(Regs. 1.512(a)-4(b)(2))

Income exempt from debt-financed
(section 514) provisions because at least
85% of the use of the property is for the
organization’s exempt purposes. (Note:
This code is only for income from the
15% or less non-exempt purpose use.)
(section 514(b)(1)(A))
Gross income from mortgaged property
used in research activities described in
section 512(b)(7), (8), or (9) (section
514(b)(1)(C))
Gross income from mortgaged property
used in any activity described in section
513(a)(1), (2), or (3) (section 514(b)(1)(D))
Income from mortgaged property
(neighborhood land) acquired for exempt
purpose use within 10 years (section
514(b)(3))
Income from mortgaged property
acquired by bequest or devise (applies to
income received within 10 years from the
date of acquisition) (section 514(c)(2)(B))
Income from mortgaged property
acquired by gift where the mortgage was
placed on the property more than 5 years
previously and the property was held by
the donor for more than 5 years (applies
to income received within 10 years from
the date of gift) (section 514(c)(2)(B))
Income from property received in return
for the obligation to pay an annuity
described in section 514(c)(5)
Income from mortgaged property that
provides housing to low and moderate
income persons, to the extent the
mortgage is insured by the Federal
Housing Administration (section 514(c)(6)).
(Note: In many cases, this would be
exempt function income reportable in
column (e). It would not be so in the case
of a section 501(c)(5) or (6) organization,
for example, that acquired the housing as
an investment or as a charitable activity.)
Income from mortgaged real property
owned by: a school described in section
170(b)(1)(A)(ii); a section 509(a)(3) affiliated
support organization of such a school; a
section 501(c)(25) organization; or by a
partnership in which any of the above
organizations owns an interest if the
requirements of section 514(c)(9)(B)(vi) are
met (section 514(c)(9))

40—

Section 501(c)(5) organization—Farm
income used to finance the operation and
maintenance of a retirement home,
hospital, or similar facility operated by the
organization for its members on property
adjacent to the farm land (section
1951(b)(8)(B) of Public Law 94-455)
Annual dues, not exceeding $161 (subject
to inflation), paid to a section 501(c)(5)
agricultural or horticultural organization
(section 512(d))

Trade or Business
41—

Gross income from an unrelated activity
that is regularly carried on but, in light of
continuous losses sustained over a
number of tax periods, cannot be
regarded as being conducted with the
motive to make a profit (not a trade or
business)

Other
42—
43—

-39-

Receipt of qualified sponsorship
payments described in section 513(i)
Exclusion of any gain or loss from the
qualified sale, exchange, or other
disposition of any qualifying brownfield
property (section 512(b)(19))

Index
A
Accounting methods 7
Accounting period 7
Adjusted net income 15
Amended return 8, 23
Amended returns, state 7
Annual return:
Amended 8
Copies to state officials 7
Extension for filing 8
Failure to file timely or
completely 8
Purpose of form 2
State reporting requirements 6
Termination 12
When to file 7
Where to file 7
Which parts to complete 3
Assets test 34
Attachments 13
Attorney 38
B
Bank account 25
Business meals 18
C
Capital gains and losses:
Basis 22
Gains 22
Losses 22
Charitable donation:
Substantiation of 16
Children 2
Contributions 18
Copy of old return 8
Currency 13
D
Deferred foreign income 1
Definitions 4
Disqualified person 4
Distributable amount 32
Foundation manager 4
Gross investment income 14
Net investment income 14
Noncharitable exempt
organization 36
Nonexempt charitable trust 4
Nonoperating private
foundation 4
Private foundation 4
Private operating foundation 4
Program-related
investment 30
Qualifying distributions 32

Significant disposition 12
Substantial contraction 12
Taxable private foundation 4
Depository methods:
Electronic deposit 9
Depreciation 18
Disqualified person 4
Disregarded entity 2, 28
Dissolution 12
Distributable amount 32
E
EFTPS 9
Elections 23, 33, 34
Electronic deposit 9
Electronic Filing 8
Endowment test 34
Estimated tax 8
Penalty 8, 9
Excise tax based on excess
business holdings 27
Excise tax based on excessive
executive compensation 1, 28
Excise tax based on investment
income:
Domestic exempt private
foundations 22
Domestic taxable private
foundations and section
4947(a)(1) nonexempt
charitable trusts 23
Foreign organizations 23
Exempt operating foundation
qualification 23
Extension for filing 8
F
Failure to file timely or
completely 8
Failure to pay tax when due 8
Filing extension 8
Financial account 25
Foreign 25
Accounts 25
Foreign organizations 12, 13, 23
Foundation manager 4
G
Gifts 18
Global intangible low-taxed
income (GILTI) 1, 6, 17
Grants 18
Gross investment income 14
Gross profit 17
Gross receipts 8

H
How To Get Forms and
Publications 38
I
Income test 34
Incomplete return:
How to avoid 2
Penalties 8
Inventory 17
L
Large organization 8
Liquidation 12
M
Minimum investment return 30
Short tax year 32
N
Net investment income 14, 19
Business meals 18
Noncharitable exempt
organization 36
Nonexempt charitable trust 4, 9,
25
Nonoperating private
foundation 4, 15, 17
O
Other expenses 18
P
Paid preparer 37
Penalties:
Against responsible person 8
Estimated tax 8, 9
Failure to disclose quid pro quo
contributions 16
Failure to file timely or
completely 8
Failure to make return available
for public inspection 11
Failure to pay timely 8
Photographs of missing children 2
Private delivery services (PDSs) 7
Private foundation 4
Private operating foundation 4,
15, 34
Program-related investment 30,
32
Program services 36

-40-

Publications:
Pub. 947, Practice Before the
IRS and Power of
Attorney 38
Public inspection 25
Relief 12
Q
Qualifying distributions 15, 17, 32
Amounts set aside 32
Qualifying distributions (see the
instructions for Part XII for an
explanation of qualifying
distributions) for any year. 17
R
Rounding 13
S
Schedule B (Form 990, 990–EZ, or
990–PF) 16
Section 4943(g), exception from
excise tax on excess business
holdings 27
Section 965, deferred foreign
income 1, 17
Self-dealing 27
Signature 37
Significant disposition 12
Significant involvement 29
Special payment option 9
State reporting requirements 6
Amended returns 7
Substantial contraction 12
Substantial contributor 24
Support test 34
T
Taxable private foundation 4, 9
Tax payment methods:
Special payment option 9
Termination 12, 14
Annual return 12
Special rules 13
Travel 18
W
When to file 7
Extension 8
Where to file 7
Which parts to complete 3
Who must file 2