Appendix A Table of Objectives Questions and Respondents

CHaRMED Objectives, Research Questions, and Data Sources
Research Question	Data Source
(Objective One) Broad Research Questions: What current approaches do fatherhood programs use to support fathers’ healthy romantic and coparenting relationships?
What HMRE services are offered to support romantic relationships that are distinct from economic stability and responsible parenting services? What coparenting services are offered that are distinct?	Grantee Applications (secondary data) Continuation Applications (secondary data) Performance Progress Reports (secondary data) Program documents (secondary data) Program visit screener (primary data) Interviews with fatherhood program staff (primary data) Interviews with program partners (primary data) Program observations (primary data)
Do fatherhood programs use specific coparenting curricula? If so, what curricula? If there is not a separate coparenting curriculum, is coparenting addressed in any of the curricula used by the fatherhood program?	Grantee Applications (secondary data) Continuation Applications (secondary data) Performance Progress Reports (secondary data) Program documents (secondary data) Curricula review (secondary data) Program visit screener (primary data) Discussions with curricula developers (primary data) Interviews with fatherhood program staff (primary data) Interviews with program partners (primary data) Program observations (primary data)
Do curricula require the coparent’s presence?	Curricula review (secondary data) Discussions with curricula developers (primary data) Interviews with fatherhood program staff (primary data) Interviews with program partners (primary data) Program observations (primary data)
Do fatherhood program services and programming assume the coparent is the child’s mother? How do they accommodate other types of coparents, if at all?	Curricula review (secondary data) Discussions with curricula developers (primary data) Interviews with fatherhood program staff (primary data) Interviews with program partners (primary data) Program observations (primary data)
Do fatherhood programs provide other services related to coparenting/HMRE, such as mediation services? Is coparenting/HMRE addressed in other parts of the program (e.g., case management)?	Grantee Applications (secondary data) Continuation Applications (secondary data) Performance Progress Reports (secondary data) Program visit screener (primary data) Interviews with fatherhood program staff (primary data) Interviews with program partners (primary data)
How do fatherhood programs address coparenting when fathers have multiple children and/or multiple coparents?	Interviews with non-participating fathers (primary data) Interviews with fatherhood program staff (primary data) Focus groups with fathers (primary data) Focus groups with coparents (primary data) Program observations (primary data)
What is the range of facilitator training in terms of education, certifications, and on-the-job training specifically related to coparenting and healthy romantic relationship education?	Grantee Applications (secondary data) Continuation Applications (secondary data) Performance Progress Reports (secondary data) Program visit screener (primary data) Interviews with fatherhood program staff (primary data)
To what extent are partners/spouses included in HMRE services? When they are included, what is their level of attendance?*	Grantee Applications (secondary data) Continuation Applications (secondary data) Performance Progress Reports (secondary data) Program documents (secondary data) Program visit screener (primary data) Interviews with fatherhood program staff (primary data) Interviews with program partners (primary data) Focus groups with fathers (primary data) Focus groups with coparents (primary data) Program observations (primary data)
What is the level of fathers’ attendance at HMRE services? In the cases where programs are offering services related to coparenting, what is the level of fathers’ attendance at coparenting services?*	Performance Progress Reports (secondary data) Program observations (primary data) Interviews with fatherhood program staff (primary data)
Do fatherhood programs work directly with coparents, and if so, what does that look like?*	Grantee Applications (secondary data) Continuation Applications (secondary data) Performance Progress Reports (secondary data) Program documents (secondary data) Interviews with fatherhood program staff (primary data) Focus groups with fathers (primary data) Focus groups with coparents (primary data) Program observations (primary data)
(Objective Two) Broad Research Question: To what extent do current fatherhood program approaches align with participants’ needs around supporting healthy romantic and coparenting relationships?
What are the range of challenges, including those related to coparenting/romantic relationships, experienced by fathers? What are the range of challenges experienced by coparents?	Interviews with fatherhood program staff (primary data) Interviews with non-participating fathers (primary data) Interviews with program partners (primary data) Focus groups with fathers (primary data) Focus groups with coparents (primary data)
What specific challenges do fathers experience in forming and/or maintaining healthy romantic and coparenting relationships?	Interviews with fatherhood program staff (primary data) Interviews with non-participating fathers (primary data) Interviews with program partners (primary data) Focus groups with fathers (primary data)
What are some of the unique challenges, including to their coparenting/romantic relationships, faced by different subgroups of fathers (e.g., fathers who are young, justice-involved, have children with more than one partner)?	Interviews with fatherhood program staff (primary data) Interviews with non-participating fathers (primary data) Interviews with program partners (primary data) Focus groups with fathers (primary data)
What do fathers think of HMRE and coparenting services?	Interviews with non-participating fathers (primary data) Interviews with fatherhood program staff (primary data) Focus groups with fathers (primary data) Program observations (primary data)
Do the curricula/programs address the broad issues that fathers in Responsible Fatherhood programs commonly face that may interfere with their ability to form and maintain healthy coparenting and romantic relationships?	Curricula review (secondary data) Discussions with curricula developers (primary data) Interviews with fatherhood program staff (primary data) Focus groups with fathers (primary data)

Objective 3 Broad Research Question: What fatherhood program implementation strategies, including strategies around recruitment, retention, and engagement, hold promise for success?
Are existing coparenting and HMRE curricula/programming responsive to the needs of different subgroups (e.g., sensitive to racial/ethnic diversity)?	Grantee Applications (secondary data) Continuation Applications (secondary data) Performance Progress Reports (secondary data) Program documents (secondary data) Curricula review (secondary data) Discussions with curricula developers (primary data) Focus groups with fathers (primary data) Focus groups with coparents (primary data) Program observations (primary data)
How are HMRE services marketed to fathers? How are coparenting services marketed?	Grantee Applications (secondary data) Continuation Applications (secondary data) Performance Progress Reports (secondary data) Interviews with fatherhood program staff (primary data) Focus groups with fathers (primary data) Focus groups with coparents (primary data) Interviews with non-participating fathers (primary data)
How can healthy romantic relationship and coparenting programming be improved for fathers?	Interviews with fatherhood program staff (primary data) Interviews with non-participating fathers (primary data) Interviews with program partners (primary data) Focus groups with fathers (primary data) Focus groups with coparents (primary data)
What recruitment, retention, and implementation approaches are most successful for engaging fathers in healthy relationship programming?	Grantee Applications (secondary data) Continuation Applications (secondary data) Performance Progress Reports (secondary data) Program documents (secondary data) Interviews with fatherhood program staff (primary data) Interviews with non-participating fathers (primary data) Focus groups with fathers (primary data) Program observations (primary data)
What type of information do fathers want to learn, and how can this information be conveyed to appeal to dads?	Interviews with non-participating fathers (primary data) Focus groups with fathers (primary data)
What are the potential unintended consequences of current healthy relationship programming?	Interviews with non-participating fathers (primary data) Focus groups with fathers (primary data) Focus groups with coparents (primary data) Interviews with fatherhood program staff (primary data)
What factors are related to fathers participating (or not) in healthy relationship services? Is fathers’ uptake related to specific challenges they experience in forming and/or maintaining healthy relationships?	Interviews with fatherhood program staff (primary data) Focus groups with fathers (primary data) Interviews with non-participating fathers (primary data)

* These questions will also help inform objective three.

Appendix A: Table of Objectives, Questions, and Respondents
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