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Welcome to the Survey of Statewide and Territorial Drug Court Coordinators
Practices and Policies Relating to Medication-Assisted Treatment for Opioid Use Disorders in
Adult Drug Courts
Thank you for participating in our survey. We would like to know which, if any, medications are being
used in drug courts to treat opioid use disorders. The following questions pertain to adult drug
courts in your state or territory. This may include hybrid adult drug courts that, for example, also
serve persons charged with DWI or those with co-occurring disorders. It does not include stand-alone
DWI courts, juvenile drug courts, family drug courts, veteran's treatment courts, mental health courts,
or other types of treatment courts.
Responses will be reported in the aggregate and will not be attributed to any individual state or
territory.
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*1. How many adult drug courts are there in your state or territory?
*2. Are you aware of the top five substances used most frequently during the most recent 12
months by participants prior to entering your state or territory's adult drug courts?
Yes
No
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Substances Frequency
The question below asks that you rank up to five substances used most frequently by participants prior to entering
your state or territory's adult drug courts (with 1 being the most frequent).
Please note, if you are unsure of the top five, please answer to the best of your ability.
For example, if you are only aware of the top three substances used most frequently, select these and then select
"No additional substances 4" as your fourth and "No additional substances 5" as your fifth.
If you are still unsure how to answer this question, please contact Elizabeth Perkins at [email protected].
*3. During the most recent 12 months, please rank-order up to five (5) substances used most
frequently by participants prior to entering your state or territory's adult drug courts (with 1 being
the most frequent):
1
Alcohol
Marijuana
Pharmaceutical opioids (e.g., Oxycodone,
Vicodin, codeine)
Heroin or other nonpharmaceutical opiates
(e.g., opium)
Fentanyl (including carfentanil)
Cocaine
Crack cocaine
Pharmaceutical sedatives (e.g.,
benzodiazepines, barbiturates)
Pharmaceutical stimulants (e.g., Ritalin,
Dexedrine, Adderall)
Methamphetamine (e.g., "ice" or "crystal")
Synthetic cannabinoids (e.g., K2, Spice)
Hallucinogens (e.g., LSD, peyote,
psilocybin mushrooms)
PCP (e.g., phencyclidine, Angel Dust)
Club drugs (e.g., MDMA, GHB)
Inhalants (e.g., model glue, aerosols)
2
3
4
5
Dextromethorphan (cough syrup)
Other
No additional substances 2
No additional substances 3
No additional substances 4
No additional substances 5
4. If you selected "Other," please describe here:
*5. Is this answer based on:
Actual statewide or territorial data
An informed estimate (e.g., based on individual program evaluations or data)
Anecdotal information (e.g., reports or impressions of program coordinators)
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*6. During the most recent 12 months, approximately what percentage of adult drug court
participants in your state or territory had a moderate to severe opioid use disorder?
Unknown or Unable to answer
None
Very few (less than 10%)
Some (about 25%)
About half
Most (about 75%)
All or Nearly all
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*7. During the most recent 12 months, has there been a substantial change in the prevalence of
opioid use among adult drug court participants in your state or territory? (Please check all that
apply.)
This information is not available
Use of pharmaceutical opioids has increased
Use of pharmaceutical opioids has decreased
No apparent change in the use of pharmaceutical opioids
Use of illicit opioids has increased
Use of illicit opioids has decreased
No apparent change in the use of illicit opioids
*8. Is this answer based on:
Actual statewide or territorial data
An informed estimate (e.g., based on individual program evaluations or data)
Anecdotal information (e.g., reports or impressions of program coordinators)
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*9. Among your adult drug court participants with an opioid use disorder, what is the primary type
of opioid problem seen?
This information is not available
Pharmaceutical opioids based on a legal prescription
Pharmaceutical opioids without a prescription
Illicit opioids (e.g., heroin, fentanyl, carfentanyl)
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*10. Approximately what proportion of adult drug courts in your state or territory refer clients
and/or permit clients to receive some form of medication-assisted treatment (MAT) for
participants with an opioid use disorder?
Unknown or Unable to answer
None
Very few (less than 10%)
Some (about 25%)
About half
Most (about 75%)
All or Nearly all
*11. Does your state or territory have policies governing the use of MAT for opioid use disorder in
adult drug courts?
Yes
No
Our state or territory is in the process of developing uniform policies governing the use of MAT in adult drug
courts
Don't know
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*12. Please respond to each policy listed:
Yes
No
I don't know
*MAT is permitted only in limited cases, such as for the treatment
of pregnant women.
*All adult drug courts are required to receive formal training on
MAT for opioid use disorders.
*All adult drug courts are required to evaluate participants with
opioid use disorders for their suitability for MAT.
*Adult drug courts are required to permit participants to continue
MAT previously prescribed for opioid use disorder.
*Adult drug courts are permitted to begin MAT for new participants
who have an opioid use disorder.
*Adult drug courts are required to permit the use of naltrexone
(e.g., Revia, Depade, Vivitrol) but not other medications such as
buprenorphine or methadone.
*Adult drug courts are prohibited from admitting participants
receiving buprenorphine or methadone.
*13. Approximately how long ago were these uniform policies governing the use of MAT for opioid
use disorders enacted or most recently revised/updated?
Within the past year
In the past 1-2 years
3 or more years ago
Unknown or unable to answer
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*14. Is MAT available for participants in your state or territory's adult drug courts?
Yes, MAT is available in our state or territory.
No, MAT is not available in our state or territory.
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*15. For participants in your state or territory’s adult drug courts, approximately what proportion
of adult drug courts include the following medications in their treatment regimens?
Unknown
or Unable
to answer
Very few or
None
Some
(about
25%)
Most
About half
(about
75%)
All or
Nearly all
*Methadone
*Buprenorphine (e.g.,
Suboxone, Subutex, Zubsolv)
*Naltrexone (e.g., ReVia,
Depade, Vivitrol)
*16. Approximately what proportion of adult drug courts in your state or territory have blanket
policies or practices prohibiting use of the following medications by participants?
Unknown
Very few or
or Unable
None
to answer
Some
(about
25%)
About half
Most
(about
75%)
All or
Nearly all
*Methadone
*Buprenorphine (e.g.,
Suboxone, Subutex, Zubsolv)
*Naltrexone (e.g., ReVia,
Depade. Vivitrol)
*17. In the most recent 12 months, approximately what proportion of adult drug court participants
with an opioid use disorder received the following medications in your state or territory?
Unknown
Very few or
or Unable
None
to answer
*Methadone
*Buprenorphine (e.g.,
Suboxone, Subutex, Zubsolv)
*Naltrexone (e.g., ReVia,
Some
(about
25%)
About half
Most
(about
75%)
All or
Nearly all
Depade. Vivitrol)
*18. Approximately what proportion of adult drug courts in your state or territory require
participants to discontinue use of the following medications as a condition of graduation from the
program?
Unknown
or Unable
to answer
Very few or
None
Some
(about
Most
About half
25%)
(about
75%)
All or
Nearly all
*Methadone
*Buprenorphine (e.g.,
Suboxone. Subutex, Zubsolv)
*Naltrexone (e.g., ReVia,
Depade, Vivitrol)
*19. In the most recent 12 months, approximately what proportion of adult drug court participants
with an opioid use disorder graduated from the program while still receiving the following
medications?
Unknown
Very few or
or Unable
None
to answer
Some
(about
About half
25%)
Most
(about
75%)
All or
Nearly all
*Methadone
*Buprenorphine (e.g.,
Suboxone. Subutex, Zubsolv)
*Naltrexone (e.g., ReVia,
Depade, Vivitrol)
*20. Approximately what proportion of adult drug courts in your state or territory only allow the
use of the following medications for pregnant women?
Unknown
Very few or
or Unable
None
to answer
Some
(about
25%)
About half
*Methadone
*Buprenorphine (e.g.,
Suboxone. Subutex, Zubsolv)
*21. Are these answers based on:
Actual statewide or territorial data
An informed estimate (e.g., based on individual program evaluations or data)
Anecdotal information (e.g., reports or impressions of program coordinators)
Unknown or unable to answer
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Most
(about
75%)
All or
Nearly all
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*22. Approximately what proportion of your state or territory's adult drug courts have naloxone
(e.g., Narcan, EVISIO) available onsite at the drug court for participants experiencing an
overdose?
Unknown or Unable to answer
None
Very few (less than 10%)
Some (about 25%)
About half
Most (about 75%)
All or Nearly all
*23. Approximately what proportion of your state or territory's adult drug courts provide training
to their participants on how to use naloxone (e.g., Narcan, EVISIO) to reverse an overdose?
Unknown or Unable to answer
None
Very few (less than 10%)
Some (about 25%)
About half
Most (about 75%)
All or Nearly all
*24. Approximately what proportion of your state or territory's adult drug courts provide naloxone
kits to participants in their program?
Unknown or Unable to answer
None
Very few (less than 10%)
Some (about 25%)
About half
Most (about 75%)
All or Nearly all
*25. Is your state or territory considering expanding the availability of MAT for opioid use
disorders in adult drug courts?
Not applicable; MAT is already used in all adult drug courts
Not considering expansion
Undecided on expansion
Definitely considering expansion
*26. To what extent do the views or opinions of personnel working in your adult drug courts limit
the utilization of MAT?
Not at all
Slightly
Moderately
Greatly
*27. To what extent do the views or opinions of external policy makers or administrators limit the
utilization of MAT in your adult drug courts?
Not at all
Slightly
Moderately
Greatly
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*28. Are you aware of the top three (3) factors that limit the use of MAT for opioid use disorder or
certain types of medications (buprenorphine or methadone), in your state or territory's adult drug
courts?
Yes
No
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Limiting Factors to the Use of MAT for Opioid Use Disorder
The question below asks that you rank up to three factors that limit the use of MAT for opioid use disorder or certain
types of medication (buprenorphine or methadone), in your state or territory's adult drug courts (with 1 being the
most influential limitation).
Please note, if you are unsure of the top three, please answer to the best of your ability.
For example, if you are only aware of the top two limiting factors, select these and then select "No additional
limiting factors 3" as your third.
If you are still unsure how to answer this question, please contact Elizabeth Perkins at [email protected].
*29. Please rank-order the three (3) top factors that limit the use of MAT for opioid use disorder or
certain types of medications (buprenorphine or methadone), in your state or territory's adult drug
courts (with 1 being the most influential limitation):
1
Refusal or disinterest from participants
Philosophy of local treatment providers
Insufficient funding
Insufficient pool of qualified MAT providers
Lack of knowledge of or familiarity with MAT by drug court staff
Prohibitions from external (outside the drug court) policy makers
or administrators
Insufficient resources to prevent misuse or diversion (e.g., pill
counts, observed ingestion)
Insufficient access to training or technical assistance on MAT
Use of other substances by participants that may interact
dangerously with methadone or buprenorphine (e.g.,
benzodiazepines, alcohol)
Other (please describe):
No additional limiting factors 2
No additional limiting factors 3
2
3
30. Other (please describe):
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*31. In the last 10 years, has your state or territory been subject to civil judgments or
administrative penalties related to the delivery of MAT for treatment of opioid use disorder in the
criminal justice system?
Yes
No
Unknown or unable to answer
Other - please describe:
32. If yes, please describe:
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*33. Is your state or territory currently involved in pending or ongoing litigation related to the
delivery or non-delivery of MAT for the treatment of opioid use disorders?
Yes
No
Unknown or unable to answer
34. If yes, please describe:
*35. In the past five years, have there been any funding mandates or mechanisms in your state or
territory to expand the use of MAT for opioid use disorders in drug courts?
Yes
No
Unknown or unable to answer
36. If yes, please describe:
*37. In the past five years, have there been any changes in your state or territorial certification
procedures for treatment providers to administer MAT for opioid use disorders?
Yes
No
Unknown or unable to answer
38. If yes, please describe:
*39. Approximately what proportion of adult drug courts in your state or territory received training
to implement or improve the delivery of MAT for opioid use disorders to participants?
Unknown or Unable to answer
None
Very few (less than 10%)
Some (about 25%)
About half
Most (about 75%)
All or Nearly all
40. Please briefly describe any MAT training received by your state or territory's adult drug courts.
*41. If applicable, did this training help to expand the use of MAT for opioid use disorders or affect
MAT practices in your state or territory's adult drug courts?
Not applicable; no MAT training was received
No
A little
Moderately
Greatly
Unknown or unable to answer
42. Please briefly explain:
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| File Type | application/pdf |
| File Modified | 2020-02-28 |
| File Created | 2020-02-27 |