50 Cfr 17

PART 17—ENDANGERED AND THREATENED WILDLIFE AND PLANTS

Subpart A—Introduction and General Provisions
Sec.
17.1
17.2
17.3
17.4
17.5
17.6
17.7
17.8
17.9

Purpose of regulations.
Scope of regulations.
Definitions.
Pre-Act wildlife.
Alaska natives.
State cooperative agreements. [Reserved]
Raptor exemption.
Import exemption for threatened, CITES Appendix-II wildlife.
Permit applications and information collection requirements.

Subpart B—Lists
17.11
17.12

Endangered and threatened wildlife.
Endangered and threatened plants.

Subpart C—Endangered Wildlife
17.21
Prohibitions.
17.22
Permits for scientific purposes, enhancement of propagation or survival, or for
incidental taking.
17.23
Economic hardship permits.
Subpart D—Threatened Wildlife
17.31
17.32
17.40
17.41
17.42
17.43
17.44
17.45
17.46
17.47
17.48

Prohibitions.
Permits—general.
Special rules—mammals.
Special rules—birds.
Special rules—reptiles.
Special rules—amphibians.
Special rules—fishes.
Special rules—snails and clams. [Reserved]
Special rules—crustaceans.
Special rules—insects.
Special rules—common sponges and other forms. [Reserved]

Subpart E—Similarity of Appearance
17.50
17.51
17.52

General.
Treatment as endangered or threatened.
Permits—similarity of appearance.

Subpart F—Endangered Plants
17.61
17.62
17.63

Prohibitions.
Permits for scientific purposes or for the enhancement of propagation or survival.
Economic hardship permits.

Subpart G—Threatened Plants
17.71
Prohibitions.
17.72
Permits—general.
17.73-17.78 [Reserved]
Subpart H—Experimental Populations

17.80
17.81
17.82
17.83
17.84
17.85
17.86

Definitions.
Listing.
Prohibitions.
Interagency cooperation.
Special rules—vertebrates.
Special rules—invertebrates.
Special rules—plants. [Reserved]

Subpart I—Interagency Cooperation
17.94
17.95

Critical habitats.
Critical habitat—fish and wildlife.

Authority:16 U.S.C. 1361-1407; 1531-1544; and 4201-4245, unless otherwise noted.
Source: 40 FR 44415, Sept. 26, 1975, unless otherwise noted.
Subpart A—Introduction and General Provisions
§ 17.1

Purpose of regulations.

(a) The regulations in this part implement the Endangered Species Act of 1973, 87 Stat. 884, 16 U.S.C. 1531-1543, except
for those provisions in the Act concerning the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna
and Flora, for which regulations are provided in part 23 of this subchapter.
(b) The regulations identify those species of wildlife and plants determined by the Director to be endangered or threatened
with extinction under section 4(a) of the Act and also carry over the species and subspecies of wildlife designated as
endangered under the Endangered Species Conservation Act of 1969 (83 Stat. 275, 16 U.S.C. 668cc-1 to 6) which are
deemed endangered species under section 4(c)(3) of the Act.
[40 FR 44415, Sept. 26, 1975, as amended at 42 FR 10465, Feb. 22, 1977]
§ 17.2

Scope of regulations.

(a) The regulations of this part apply only to endangered and threatened wildlife and plants.
(b) By agreement between the Service and the National Marine Fisheries Service, the jurisdiction of the Department of
Commerce has been specifically defined to include certain species, while jurisdiction is shared in regard to certain other
species. Such species are footnoted in subpart B of this part, and reference is given to special rules of the National Marine
Fisheries Service for those species.
(c) The provisions in this part are in addition to, and are not in lieu of, other regulations of this subchapter B which may
require a permit or prescribe additional restrictions or conditions for the importation, exportation, and interstate
transportation of wildlife.
(d) The examples used in this part are provided solely for the convenience of the public, and to explain the intent and
meaning of the regulation to which they refer. They have no legal significance.
(e) Certain of the wildlife and plants listed in §§ 17.11 and 17.12 as endangered or threatened are included in Appendix I, II
or III to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora. The importation,
exportation and reexportation of such species are subject to additional regulations provided in part 23 of this subchapter.
[40 FR 44415, Sept. 26, 1975, as amended at 42 FR 10465, Feb. 22, 1977]

§ 17.3

Definitions.

In addition to the definitions contained in part 10 of this subchapter, and unless the context otherwise requires, in this part
17:
Act means the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531-1543; 87 Stat. 884);
Adequately covered means, with respect to species listed pursuant to section 4 of the ESA, that a proposed conservation
plan has satisfied the permit issuance criteria under section 10(a)(2)(B) of the ESA for the species covered by the plan,
and, with respect to unlisted species, that a proposed conservation plan has satisfied the permit issuance criteria under
section 10(a)(2)(B) of the ESA that would otherwise apply if the unlisted species covered by the plan were actually listed.
For the Services to cover a species under a conservation plan, it must be listed on the section 10(a)(1)(B) permit.

Alaskan Native means a person defined in the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act (43 U.S.C. 1603(b) (85 Stat. 588)) as
a citizen of the United States who is of one-fourth degree or more Alaska Indian (including Tsimshian Indians enrolled or
not enrolled in the Metlaktla Indian Community), Eskimo, or Aleut blood, or combination thereof. The term includes any
Native, as so defined, either or both of whose adoptive parents are not Natives. It also includes, in the absence of proof of
a minimum blood quantum, any citizen of the United States who is regarded as an Alaska Native by the Native village or
town of which he claims to be a member and whose father or mother is (or, if deceased, was) regarded as Native by any
Native village or Native town. Any citizen enrolled by the Secretary pursuant to section 5 of the Alaska Native Claims
Settlement Act shall be conclusively presumed to be an Alaskan Native for purposes of this part;
Authentic native articles of handicrafts and clothing means items made by an Indian, Aleut, or Eskimo that are composed
wholly or in some significant respect of natural materials and are significantly altered from their natural form and are
produced, decorated, or fashioned in the exercise of traditional native handicrafts without the use of pantographs, multiple
carvers, or similar mass-copying devices. Improved methods of production utilizing modern implements such as sewing
machines or modern techniques at a tannery registered pursuant to § 18.23(c) of this subchapter (in the case of marine
mammals) may be used as long as no large-scale mass production industry results. Traditional native handicrafts include,
but are not limited to, weaving, carving, stitching, sewing, lacing, beading, drawing, and painting. The formation of
traditional native groups, such as cooperatives, is permitted as long as no large-scale mass production results;
Bred in captivity or captive-bred refers to wildlife, including eggs, born or otherwise produced in captivity from parents that
mated or otherwise transferred gametes in captivity, if reproduction is sexual, or from parents that were in captivity when
development of the progeny began, if development is asexual.
Captivity means that living wildlife is held in a controlled environment that is intensively manipulated by man for the
purpose of producing wildlife of the selected species, and that has boundaries designed to prevent animal, eggs or
gametes of the selected species from entering or leaving the controlled environment. General characteristics of captivity
may include but are not limited to artificial housing, waste removal, health care, protection from predators, and artificially
supplied food.
Changed circumstances means changes in circumstances affecting a species or geographic area covered by a
conservation plan or agreement that can reasonably be anticipated by plan or agreement developers and the Service and
that can be planned for (e.g., the listing of new species, or a fire or other natural catastrophic event in areas prone to such
events).
Conservation plan means the plan required by section 10(a)(2)(A) of the ESA that an applicant must submit when
applying for an incidental take permit. Conservation plans also are known as “habitat conservation plans” or “HCPs.”
Conserved habitat areas means areas explicitly designated for habitat restoration, acquisition, protection, or other
conservation purposes under a conservation plan.
Convention means the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, TIAS 8249.
Enhance the propagation or survival, when used in reference to wildlife in captivity, includes but is not limited to the
following activities when it can be shown that such activities would not be detrimental to the survival of wild or captive
populations of the affected species:
(a) Provision of health care, management of populations by culling, contraception, euthanasia, grouping or handling of
wildlife to control survivorship and reproduction, and similar normal practices of animal husbandry needed to maintain
captive populations that are self-sustaining and that possess as much genetic vitality as possible;
(b) Accumulation and holding of living wildlife that is not immediately needed or suitable for propagative or scientific
purposes, and the transfer of such wildlife between persons in order to relieve crowding or other problems hindering the
propagation or survival of the captive population at the location from which the wildlife would be removed; and
(c) Exhibition of living wildlife in a manner designed to educate the public about the ecological role and conservation needs
of the affected species.
Endangered means a species of wildlife listed in § 17.11 or a species of plant listed in § 17.12 and designated as
endangered.
Harass in the definition of “take” in the Act means an intentional or negligent act or omission which creates the likelihood
of injury to wildlife by annoying it to such an extent as to significantly disrupt normal behavioral patterns which include, but
are not limited to, breeding, feeding, or sheltering. This definition, when applied to captive wildlife, does not include
generally accepted:
(1) Animal husbandry practices that meet or exceed the minimum standards for facilities and care under the Animal
Welfare Act,
(2) Breeding procedures, or

(3) Provisions of veterinary care for confining, tranquilizing, or anesthetizing, when such practices, procedures, or
provisions are not likely to result in injury to the wildlife.
Harm in the definition of “take” in the Act means an act which actually kills or injures wildlife. Such act may include
significant habitat modification or degradation where it actually kills or injures wildlife by significantly impairing essential
behavioral patterns, including breeding, feeding or sheltering.
Incidental taking means any taking otherwise prohibited, if such taking is incidental to, and not the purpose of, the carrying
out of an otherwise lawful activity.
Industry or trade in the definition of “commercial activity” in the Act means the actual or intended transfer of wildlife or
plants from one person to another person in the pursuit of gain or profit;
Native village or town means any community, association, tribe, clan or group;
Operating conservation program means those conservation management activities which are expressly agreed upon and
described in a conservation plan or its Implementing Agreement, if any, and which are to be undertaken for the affected
species when implementing an approved conservation plan, including measures to respond to changed circumstances.
Population means a group of fish or wildlife in the same taxon below the subspecific level, in common spatial arrangement
that interbreed when mature;
Properly implemented conservation plan means any conservation plan, Implementing Agreement and permit whose
commitments and provisions have been or are being fully implemented by the permittee.
Property owner with respect to agreements outlined under §§ 17.22(c), 17.22(d), 17.32(c), and 17.32(d) means a person
with a fee simple, leasehold, or other property interest (including owners of water or other natural resources), or any other
entity that may have a property interest, sufficient to carry out the proposed management activities, subject to applicable
State law, on non-Federal land.
Specimen means any animal or plant, or any part, product, egg, seed or root of any animal or plant;
Subsistence means the use of endangered or threatened wildlife for food, clothing, shelter, heating, transportation and
other uses necessary to maintain the life of the taker of the wildlife, or those who depend upon the taker to provide them
with such subsistence, and includes selling any edible portions of such wildlife in native villages and towns in Alaska for
native consumption within native villages and towns;
Threatened means a species of wildlife listed in § 17.11 or plant listed in § 17.12 and designated as threatened.
Unforeseen circumstances means changes in circumstances affecting a species or geographic area covered by a
conservation plan or agreement that could not reasonably have been anticipated by plan or agreement developers and the
Service at the time of the conservation plan's or agreement's negotiation and development, and that result in a substantial
and adverse change in the status of the covered species.
Wasteful manner means any taking or method of taking which is likely to result in the killing or injury of endangered or
threatened wildlife beyond those needed for subsistence purposes, or which results in the waste of a substantial portion of
the wildlife, and includes without limitation the employment of a method of taking which is not likely to assure the capture
or killing of the wildlife, or which is not immediately followed by a reasonable effort to retrieve the wildlife.
[40 FR 44415, Sept. 26, 1975, as amended at 42 FR 28056, June 1, 1977; 44 FR 54006, Sept. 17, 1979; 46 FR 54750,
Nov. 4, 1981; 47 FR 31387, July 20, 1982; 50 FR 39687, Sept. 30, 1985; 63 FR 8870, Feb. 23, 1998; 63 FR 48639, Sept.
11, 1998; 69 FR 24092, May 3, 2004; 71 FR 46870, Aug. 15, 2006]
§ 17.4

Pre-Act wildlife.

(a) The prohibitions defined in subparts C and D of this part 17 shall not apply to any activity involving endangered or
threatened wildlife which was held in captivity or in a controlled environment on December 28, 1973: Provided,
(1) That the purposes of such holding were not contrary to the purposes of the Act; and
(2) That the wildlife was not held in the course of a commercial activity.
Example 1.
On January 25, 1974, a tourist buys a stuffed hawksbill turtle (an endangered species
listed since June, 1970), in a foreign country. On December 28, 1973, the stuffed turtle
had been on display for sale. The tourist imports the stuffed turtle into the United
States on January 26, 1974. This is a violation of the Act since the stuffed turtle was
held for commercial purposes on December 28, 1973.
Example 2.

On December 27, 1973 (or earlier), a tourist buys a leopard skin coat (the leopard has
been listed as endangered since March 1972) for his wife in a foreign country. On
January 5, he imports it into the United States. He has not committed a violation since
on December 28, 1973, he was the owner of the coat, for personal purposes, and the
chain of commerce had ended with the sale on the 27th. Even if he did not finish
paying for the coat for another year, as long as he had possession of it, and he was
not going to resell it, but was using it for personal purposes, the Act does not apply to
that coat.
Example 3.
On or before December 28, 1973, a hunter kills a leopard legally in Africa. He has the
leopard mounted and imports it into the United States in March 1974. The importation
is not subject to the Act. The hunter has not engaged in a commercial activity, even
though he bought the services of a guide, outfitters, and a taxidermist to help him take,
preserve, and import the leopard. This applies even if the trophy was in the possession
of the taxidermist on December 28, 1973.
Example 4.
On January 15, 1974, a hunter kills a leopard legally in Africa. He has the leopard
mounted and imports it into the United States in June 1974. This importation is a
violation of the Act since the leopard was not in captivity or a controlled environment
on December 28, 1973.
(b) Service officers or Customs officers may refuse to clear endangered or threatened wildlife for importation into or
exportation from the United States, pursuant to § 14.53 of this subchapter, until the importer or exporter can demonstrate
that the exemption referred to in this section applies. Exempt status may be established by any sufficient evidence,
including an affidavit containing the following:
(1) The affiant's name and address;
(2) Identification of the affiant;
(3) Identification of the endangered or threatened wildlife which is the subject of the affidavit;
(4) A statement by the affiant that to the best of his knowledge and belief, the endangered or threatened wildlife which is
the subject of the affidavit was in captivity or in a controlled environment on December 28, 1973, and was not being held
for purposes contrary to the Act or in the course of a commercial activity;
(5) A statement by the affiant in the following language:
THE FOREGOING IS PRINCIPALLY BASED ON THE ATTACHED EXHIBITS WHICH, TO THE BEST OF MY KNOWLEDGE AND
BELIEF, ARE COMPLETE, TRUE AND CORRECT. I UNDERSTAND THAT THIS AFFIDAVIT IS BEING SUBMITTED FOR THE
PURPOSE OF INDUCING THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT TO RECOGNIZE AN EXEMPT STATUS REGARDING ( INSERT
DESCRIPTION OF WILDLIFE ), UNDER THE ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT OF 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531-1543), AND REGULATIONS
PROMULGATED THEREUNDER, AND THAT ANY FALSE STATEMENTS MAY SUBJECT ME TO THE CRIMINAL PENALTIES OF 18
U.S.C. 1001.

(6) As an attachment, records or other available evidence to show:
(i) That the wildlife in question was being held in captivity or in a controlled environment on December 28, 1973;
(ii) The purpose for which the wildlife was being held; and
(iii) The nature of such holding (to establish that no commercial activity was involved).
(c) This section applies only to wildlife born on or prior to December 28, 1973. It does not apply to the progeny of any such
wildlife born after December 28, 1973.
§ 17.5

Alaska natives.

(a) The provisions of subpart C of this part relating to the importation or the taking of endangered wildlife, and any
provision of subpart D of this part relating to the importation or the taking of threatened wildlife, shall not apply to:
(1) Any Indian, Aleut, or Eskimo who is an Alaskan native and who resides in Alaska; or
(2) Any non-native permanent resident of an Alaskan native village who is primarily dependent upon the taking of wildlife
for consumption or for the creation and sale of authentic native articles of handicrafts and clothing:
If the taking is primarily for subsistence purposes, and is not accomplished in a wasteful manner.
(b) Edible portions of endangered or threatened wildlife taken or imported pursuant to paragraph (a) of this section may be
sold in native villages or towns in Alaska for native consumption within native villages and towns in Alaska.

(c) Non-edible by-products of endangered or threatened wildlife taken or imported pursuant to paragraph (a) of this section
may be sold in interstate commerce when made into authentic native articles of handicrafts and clothing.
§ 17.6
§ 17.7

State cooperative agreements. [Reserved]
Raptor exemption.

(a) The prohibitions found in §§ 17.21 and 17.31 do not apply to any raptor [a live migratory bird of the
Order Falconiformes or the Order Strigiformes, other than a bald eagle ( Haliaeetus leucocephalus ) or a golden eagle
( Aquila chrysaetos )] legally held in captivity or in a controlled environment on November 10, 1978, or to any of its progeny,
which is:
(1) Possessed and banded in compliance with the terms of a valid permit issued under part 21 of this chapter; and
(2) Identified in the earliest applicable annual report required to be filed by a permittee under part 21 of this chapter as in a
permittee's possession on November 10, 1978, or as the progeny of such a raptor.
(b) This section does not apply to any raptor intentionally returned to the wild.
[48 FR 31607, July 8, 1983]
§ 17.8

Import exemption for threatened, CITES Appendix-II wildlife.

(a) Except as provided in a special rule in §§ 17.40 through 17.48 or in paragraph (b) of this section, all provisions of §§ 
17.31 and 17.32 apply to any specimen of a threatened species of wildlife that is listed in Appendix II of the Convention.
(b) Import. Except as provided in a special rule in §§ 17.40 through 17.48, any live or dead specimen of a fish and wildlife
species listed as threatened under this part may be imported without a threatened species permit under § 17.32 provided
all of the following conditions are met:
(1) The specimen was not acquired in foreign commerce or imported in the course of a commercial activity;
(2) The species is listed in Appendix II of the Convention.
(3) The specimen is imported and subsequently used in accordance with the requirements of part 23 of this subchapter,
except as provided in paragraph (b)(4) of this section.
(4) Personal and household effects (see § 23.5) must be accompanied by a CITES document.
(5) At the time of import, the importer must provide to the FWS documentation that shows the specimen was not acquired
in foreign commerce in the course of a commercial activity.
(6) All applicable requirements of part 14 of this subchapter are satisfied.
[72 FR 48446, Aug. 23, 2007]

§ 17.9

Permit applications and information collection requirements.

(a) Address permit applications for activities affecting species listed under the Endangered Species Act, as amended, as
follows:
(1) Address activities affecting endangered and threatened species that are native to the United States to the Regional
Director for the Region in which the activity is to take place. You can find addresses for the Regional Directors in 50 CFR
2.2. Send applications for interstate commerce in native endangered and threatened species to the Regional Director with
lead responsibility for the species. To determine the appropriate region, call the nearest Regional Office:
REGION 1 (PORTLAND, OR): 503-231-6241
REGION 2 (ALBUQUERQUE, NM): 505-248-6920
REGION 3 (TWIN CITIES, MN): 612-713-5343
REGION 4 (ATLANTA, GA): 404-679-7313
REGION 5 (HADLEY, MA): 413-253-8628
REGION 6 (DENVER, CO): 303-236-8155, EXT 263
REGION 7 (ANCHORAGE, AK): 907-786-3620
HEADQUARTERS (WASHINGTON, DC): 703-358-2106

(2) Submit permit applications for activities affecting native endangered and threatened species in international movement
or commerce, and all activities affecting nonnative endangered and threatened species, to the attention of the Director,

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, at the address listed for the Division of Management Authority at 50 CFR 2.1(b).
(b) The Office of Management and Budget approved the information collection requirements contained in this part 17
under 44 U.S.C. 3507 and assigned OMB Control Numbers 1018-0093 and 1018-0094. The Service may not conduct or
sponsor, and you are not required to respond to, a collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB control
number. We are collecting this information to provide information necessary to evaluate permit applications. We will use
this information to review permit applications and make decisions, according to criteria established in various Federal
wildlife conservation statutes and regulations, on the issuance, suspension, revocation, or denial of permits. You must
respond to obtain or retain a permit. We estimate the public reporting burden for these reporting requirements to vary from
2 to 21/2 hours per response, including time for reviewing instructions, gathering and maintaining data, and completing and
reviewing the forms. Direct comments regarding the burden estimate or any other aspect of these reporting requirements
to the Service's Information Collection Clearance Officer at the address provided at 50 CFR 2.1(b).
[63 FR 52635, Oct. 1, 1998. Redesignated at 72 FR 48446, Aug. 23, 2007, as amended at 79 FR 30417, May 27, 2014; 79
FR 43964, July 29, 2014]
Subpart B—Lists
§ 17.11

Endangered and threatened wildlife.

(a) The list in paragraph (h) of this section contains the wildlife species determined by the Service or the National Marine
Fisheries Service (NMFS) of the Department of Commerce's National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (hereafter
in this section referred to as “the Services”) to be endangered species or threatened species. It also contains the wildlife
species treated as endangered species or threatened species because they are similar in appearance to and may be
confused with endangered or threatened species (see §§ 17.50 through 17.52). The “Common name,” “Scientific name,”
“Where listed,” and “Status” columns provide regulatory information; together, they identify listed wildlife species within the
meaning of the Act and describe where they are protected. When a taxon has more than one entry, the “Where listed” or
“Status” column will identify its status in each relevant geographic area. The listing of a particular taxon includes all lower
taxonomic units.
(b) “Common name” column. Although common names are included, they cannot be relied upon for identification of any
specimen, since they may vary greatly in local usage. In cases where confusion might arise, one or more synonyms are
provided in parentheses within the “Common name” column. If a species has been listed as an Evolutionarily Significant
Unit (ESU) or a Distinct Vertebrate Population Segment (DPS), the ESU or DPS names will be provided in brackets “[ ]”
following the common name.
(c) “Scientific name” column. The Services use the most recently accepted scientific name. In cases where confusion
might arise, one or more synonyms are provided in parentheses within the “Scientific name” column. The Services rely, to
the extent practicable, on the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) to determine a species' scientific name. ITIS
incorporates the naming principles established by the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (see paragraph (g)
of this section). If the scientific name in ITIS differs from the scientific name adopted for use under the Convention on
International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), the CITES nomenclature is provided in
brackets “[ ]” within the “Scientific name” column following the ITIS nomenclature.
(d) “Where listed” column. The “Where listed” column sets forth the geographic area where the species is listed for
purposes of the Act. Except when providing a geographic description of a DPS or ESU, or an experimental population
designation, “Wherever found” will be used to indicate the Act's protections apply to all individuals of the species, wherever
found.
(e) “Status” column. Within the “Status” column, the following abbreviations are used:
Abbreviation

Regulatory status theabbreviation represents

E

Endangered species.

T

Threatened species.

E (S/A)

Endangered based on similarity of appearance to an existing listed species.

T (S/A)

Threatened based on similarity of appearance to an existing listed species.

XE

Essential experimental population (See subpart H of this part).

XN

Nonessential experimental population (See subpart H of this part).

(f) “Listing Citations and Applicable Rules” column. The “Listing Citations and Applicable Rules” column is nonregulatory
in nature and is provided for informational and navigational purposes only.
(1) Within the “Listing Citations and Applicable Rules” column, the following superscripts are used:

Superscript

Description of citation or rule

N

NMFS listing citation (NMFS Lead).

J

Both FWS and NMFS listing citation (Joint Jurisdiction).

CH

Critical habitat rule.

4d

Species-specific “4(d)” rule (a rule issued under the authority of section 4(d) of the Act).

10j

Species-specific “10(j)” rule (a rule issued under the authority of section 10(j) of the Act).

(2) Listing citations contain the volume, document starting page number, and publication date of the Federal
Register publication(s) in which a species was given status, listed, or reclassified. At least since 1973, these documents
have included a statement indicating the basis for the listing, as well as the effective date(s) of the listing or other rules that
changed how the species was identified in the List in paragraph (h) of this section.
(3) “Critical habitat” and “Species-specific” rules superscripts provide cross-references to other sections in this part or part
222, 223, or 226 of chapter II of this title where critical habitat and species-specific rules are found. The species-specific
superscripts also identify experimental populations. Experimental populations (superscript “10j”) are a separate citation,
with one of the following symbols in the “Status” column: “XE” for an essential experimental population and “XN” for a
nonessential experimental population.
(4) This column is for reference and navigational purposes only. All other appropriate rules in this part, parts 217 through
226 of chapter II of this title, and part 402 of chapter IV of this title apply, if no species-specific rules are referenced. In
addition, other rules in this title could relate to such species (for example, port-of-entry requirements). The references in
the “Listing Citations and Applicable Rules” column do not comprise a comprehensive list of all regulations that the
Services might apply to the species or to the regulations of other Federal agencies or State or local governments.
(g) The Services will rely to the extent practicable on ITIS ( http://www.itis.gov ) and standard references adopted for CITES
( http://cites.org ).
(h) The “List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife” is provided in the table in this paragraph (h):
Common name

Scientific name

Where listed

Status

Listing citations and
applicable rules

Mammals
Addax

Addax nasomaculatus

Wherever found

E

70 FR 52319, 9/2/2005.

Anoa, lowland

Bubalus depressicornis

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Anoa, mountain

Bubalus quarlesi

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24061, 6/14/1976.

Antelope, giant
sable

Hippotragus niger variani

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24061, 6/14/1976.

Antelope, Tibetan

Panthalops hodgsonii

Wherever found

E

71 FR 15620, 3/29/2006.

Argali [All
populations
except
Kyrgyzstan,
Mongolia, and
Tajikistan]

Ovis ammon

Wherever found except Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, and
Tajikistan

E

41 FR 24061,
6/14/1976; 57 FR 28014,
6/23/1992.

Argali
[Kyrgyzstan,
Mongolia, and
Tajikistan]

Ovis ammon

Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, and Tajikistan

T

41 FR 24061,
6/14/1976; 57 FR 28014,
6/23/1992; 50 CFR
17.40(j).4d

Armadillo, giant

Priodontes maximus

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24061, 6/14/1976.

Armadillo, pink
fairy

Chlamyphorus truncatus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Ass, African wild

Equus africanus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970; 42
FR 15971, 3/24/1977.

Ass, Asian wild

Equus hemionus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Avahi

Avahi laniger (=entire genus)

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Aye-aye

Daubentonia madagascariensis

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Babirusa

Babyrousa babyrussa

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24061, 6/14/1976.

Baboon, gelada

Theropithecus gelada

Wherever found

T

41 FR 45990,
10/19/1976; 50 CFR
17.40(c).4d

Bandicoot, barred

Perameles bougainville

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319, 12/2/1970.

Bandicoot, desert

Perameles eremiana

Wherever found

E

38 FR 14678, 6/4/1973.

Bandicoot, lesser
rabbit

Macrotis leucura

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319, 12/2/1970.

Bandicoot, pigfooted

Chaeropus ecaudatus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319, 12/2/1970.

Bandicoot, rabbit

Macrotis lagotis

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319, 12/2/1970.

Banteng

Bos javanicus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Bat, Bulmer's fruit
(flying fox)

Aproteles bulmerae

Wherever found

E

49 FR 2779, 1/23/1984.

Bat, bumblebee

Craseonycteris thonglongyai

Wherever found

E

49 FR 2779, 1/23/1984.

Bat, Florida
bonneted

Eumops floridanus

Wherever found

E

78 FR 61003, 10/2/2013.

Bat, gray

Myotis grisescens

Wherever found

E

41 FR 17736, 4/28/1976.

Bat, Hawaiian
hoary

Lasiurus cinereus semotus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 16047,
10/13/1970.

Bat, Indiana

Myotis sodalis

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001,
3/11/1967; 50 CFR
17.95(a).CH

Bat, little Mariana
fruit

Pteropus tokudae

Wherever found

E

49 FR 33881, 8/27/1984.

Fruit Bat, Mariana
(=fanihi, Mariana
flying fox)

Pteropus mariannus mariannus

Wherever found

T

49 FR 33881,
8/27/1984; 70 FR 1190,
1/6/2005; 50 CFR
17.95(a).CH

Bat, Mexican
long-nosed

Leptonycteris nivalis

Wherever found

E

53 FR 38456, 9/30/1988.

Bat, northern
long-eared

Myotis septentrionalis

Wherever found

T

80 FR 17973,
4/2/2015; 50 CFR
17.40(o).4d

Bat, Ozark bigeared

Corynorhinus (=Plecotus)
townsendii ingens

Wherever found

E

44 FR 69206,
11/30/1979.

Bat, Pacific
sheath-tailed
(Mariana
subspecies)
(Payeyi,
Paischeey)

Emballonura semicaudata
rotensis

Wherever found

E

80 FR 59423, 10/1/2015.

Bat, Pacific
sheath-tailed
(South Pacific
subspecies) (=
peapea vai,
American Samoa;
= tagiti, Samoa; =
beka beka, Fiji)

Emballonura semicaudata
semicaudata

Wherever found

E

81 FR 65466, 9/22/2016.

Bat, Rodrigues
fruit (flying fox)

Pteropus rodricensis

Wherever found

E

49 FR 2779, 1/23/1984.

Bat, Singapore
roundleaf
horseshoe

Hipposideros ridleyi

Wherever found

E

49 FR 2779, 1/23/1984.

Bat, Virginia bigeared

Corynorhinus (=Plecotus)
townsendii virginianus

Wherever found

E

44 FR 69206,
11/30/1979; 50 CFR
17.95(a).CH

Bear, Baluchistan

Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus

Wherever found

E

51 FR 17977, 5/16/1986.

Bear, brown [Italy]

Ursus arctos arctos

Italy

E

41 FR 24062,
6/14/1976; 41 FR 26019,
6/24/1976.

Bear, brown

Ursus arctos pruinosus

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Bear, grizzly

Ursus arctos horribilis

U.S.A., conterminous (lower 48) States, except where
listed as an experimental population

T

32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967;
35 FR 16047,
10/13/1970; 40 FR
31734, 7/28/1975; 72 FR
14866, 3/29/2007; 75 FR
14496, 3/26/2010; 82 FR
30502, 6/30/2017; 84 FR
37144, 7/31/2019; 50
CFR 17.40(b).4d

Bear, grizzly

Ursus arctos horribilis

U.S.A., (portions of ID and MT, see § 17.84(l)).

XN

70 FR 69854;
11/17/2005, 50 CFR
17.84(l)10j.

Bear, Mexican
grizzly

Ursus arctos

Mexico

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Bear, polar

Ursus maritimus

Wherever found

T

73 FR 28212,
5/15/2008; 50 CFR
17.40(q); 4d 50 CFR
17.95(a).CH

Beaver
(Mongolia)

Castor fiber birulai

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Bison, wood

Bison bison athabascae

Wherever found, except where listed as an
experimental population

T

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970; 77
FR 26191, 5/3/2012.

Bison, wood

Bison bison athabascae

U.S.A. (Alaska)

XN

79 FR 26175,
5/7/2014; 50 CFR
17.84(x).10j

Bobcat, Mexican

Lynx (=Felis) rufus escuinapae

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Bontebok
(antelope)

Damaliscus pygarus (=dorcas)
dorcas

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Camel, Bactrian

Camelus bactrianus

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Caribou,
woodland
[Southern Selkirk
Mountains DPS]

Rangifer tarandus caribou

Canada (southeastern British Columbia bounded by
the Canada-U.S. border, Columbia River, Kootenay
River, Kootenay Lake, and Kootenai River), U.S. (ID,
WA)

E

48 FR 1722,
1/14/1983; 48 FR 49245,
10/25/1983; 49 FR 7390,
2/29/1984; 50 CFR
17.95(a).CH

Cat, Andean

Felis jacobita

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Cat, Asian golden
(=Temminck's)

Catopuma (=Felis) temminckii

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Cat, black-footed

Felis nigripes

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Cat, flat-headed

Prionailurus (=Felis) planiceps

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Cat, Iriomote

Prionailurus (=Felis) bengalensis
iriomotensis

Wherever found

E

44 FR 37124, 6/25/1979.

Cat, leopard

Prionailurus (=Felis) bengalensis
bengalensis

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Cat, marbled

Pardofelis (=Felis) marmorata

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Cat, Pakistan
sand

Felis margarita scheffeli

Wherever found

E

49 FR 2779, 1/23/1984.

Cat, tiger

Leopardus (=Felis) tigrinus

Wherever found

E

37 FR 6476, 3/30/1972.

Chamois,
Apennine

Rupicapra rupicapra ornata

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Cheetah

Acinonyx jubatus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970; 37
FR 6476, 3/30/1972.

Chimpanzee

Pan troglodytes

Wherever found

E

41 FR 45990,
10/19/1976; 55 FR 9129,

3/12/1990; 80 FR 34500,
6/16/2015.
Chimpanzee,
pygmy

Pan paniscus

Wherever found

E

41 FR 45990,
10/19/1976; 55 FR 9129,
3/12/1990.

Chinchilla

Chinchilla brevicaudata boliviana

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Civet, Malabar
large-spotted

Viverra civettina (=megaspila c.)

Wherever found

E

44 FR 37124, 6/25/1979.

Deer, Bactrian

Cervus elaphus bactrianus

Wherever found

E

44 FR 37124, 6/25/1979.

Deer, Barbary

Cervus elaphus barbarus

Wherever found

E

44 FR 37124, 6/25/1979.

Deer, Calamianes
(=Philippine)

Axis porcinus calamianensis

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Deer, Cedros
Island mule

Odocoileus hemionus
cedrosensis

Wherever found

E

40 FR 44149, 9/25/1975.

Deer, Columbian
white-tailed
[Columbia River
DPS]

Odocoileus virginianus leucurus

Columbia River (Clark, Cowlitz, Pacific, Skamania, and
Wahkiakum Counties, WA, and Clatsop, Columbia,
and Multnomah Counties, OR)

T

32 FR 4001,
3/11/1967; 68 FR 43647,
7/24/2003; 81 FR 71386,
10/17/2016; 50 CFR
17.40(i).4d

Deer, Corsican
red

Cervus elaphus corsicanus

Wherever found

E

44 FR 37124, 6/25/1979.

Deer, Eld's browantlered

Cervus eldi

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Deer, Formosan
sika

Cervus nippon taiouanus

Wherever found

E

44 FR 37124, 6/25/1979.

Deer, Indochina
hog

Axis (=Cervus) porcinus
annamiticus

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Deer, key

Odocoileus virginianus clavium

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967.

Deer, Kuhl's
(=Bawean)

Axis porcinus kuhli

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Deer, marsh

Blastocerus dichotomus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Deer, McNeill's

Cervus elaphus macneilii

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Deer, musk

Moschus spp. (all species)

Afghanistan, Bhutan, Burma, China (Tibet, Yunnan),
India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sikkim

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Deer, North China
sika

Cervus nippon mandarinus

Wherever found

E

44 FR 37124, 6/25/1979.

Deer, pampas

Ozotoceros bezoarticus

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Deer, Persian
fallow

Dama mesopotamica (=dama
m.)

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Deer, Ryukyu sika

Cervus nippon keramae

Wherever found

E

44 FR 37124, 6/25/1979.

Deer, Shansi sika

Cervus nippon grassianus

Wherever found

E

44 FR 37124, 6/25/1979.

Deer, South
China sika

Cervus nippon kopschi

Wherever found

E

44 FR 37124, 6/25/1979.

Deer, swamp

Cervus duvauceli

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Deer, Visayan

Cervus alfredi

Wherever found

E

53 FR 33990, 9/1/1988.

Deer, Yarkand

Cervus elaphus yarkandensis

Wherever found

E

44 FR 37124, 6/25/1979.

Dhole

Cuon alpinus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Dibbler

Antechinus apicalis

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319, 12/2/1970.

Dog, African wild

Lycaon pictus

Wherever found

E

49 FR 2779, 1/23/1984.

Dolphin, Chinese
river

Lipotes vexillifer

Wherever found

E

54 FR 22906, 5/30/1989; 
N 54 FR 22905,
5/30/1989.

Dolphin, Hector's

Cephalorhynchus hectori hectori

Wherever found

T

Dolphin, Maui

Cephalorhynchus hectori maui

Wherever found

E

82 FR 43701, 9/19/2017; 
N 84 FR 13809, 4/8/2019.

Dolphin, South
Asian River
(Indus River
subspecies)

Platanista gangetica minor

Wherever found

E

55 FR 50835,
12/11/1990; N 56 FR
1463, 1/14/1991.

Dolphin,
Taiwanese
humpback

Sousa chinensis taiwanensis

Wherever found

E

83 FR 21182, 5/9/2018; 
N 84 FR 13809, 4/8/2019.

Drill

Mandrillus (=Papio) leucophaeus

Wherever found

E

41 FR 45990,
10/19/1976.

Dugong

Dugong dugon

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319,
12/2/1970; 68 FR 70185,
12/17/2003.

Duiker, Jentink's

Cephalophus jentinki

Wherever found

E

44 FR 37124, 6/25/1979.

Eland, western
giant

Taurotragus derbianus derbianus

Wherever found

E

44 FR 37124, 6/25/1979.

Elephant, African

Loxodonta africana

Wherever found

T

43 FR 20499,
5/12/1978; 50 CFR
17.40(e).4d

Elephant, Asian

Elephas maximus

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

E

32 FR 4001,
3/11/1967; 35 FR 8491,
6/2/1970; 56 FR 41473,
9/21/1979; 59 FR 42682,
8/18/1994; 59 FR 42696,
8/18/1994; 61 FR 11320,
3/20/1996; 63 FR 52824,
10/1/1998; 65 FR 60879,
10/13/2000; 68 FR
26498, 5/16/2003; 80 FR
66821, 10/30/2015.

Ferret, blackfooted

Mustela nigripes

Wherever found, except where listed as an
experimental population

82 FR 43701, 9/19/2017; 
N 84 FR 13809, 4/8/2019.

Ferret, blackfooted

Mustela nigripes

U.S.A. (WY and specified portions of AZ, CO, MT, SD,
and UT, see § 17.84(g)(9))

XN

56 FR 41473,
8/21/1991; 59 FR 42682,
8/18/1994; 59 FR 42696,
8/18/1994; 61 FR 11320,
3/20/1996; 63 FR 52824,
10/1/1998; 65 FR 60879,
10/13/2000; 68 FR
26498, 5/16/2003; 80 FR
66821, 10/30/2015; 50
CFR 17.84(g).10j

Fox, northern
swift

Vulpes velox hebes

Canada

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Fox, San Joaquin
kit

Vulpes macrotis mutica

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967.

Fox, Santa
Catalina Island

Urocyon littoralis catalinae

Wherever found

T

69 FR 10335,
3/5/2004; 81 FR 53515,
8/12/2016; 50 CFR
17.95(a).CH

Fox, Simien

Canis simensis

Wherever found

E

44 FR 37124, 6/25/1979.

Gazelle, Arabian

Gazella gazella

Wherever found

E

44 FR 37124, 6/25/1979.

Gazelle, Clark's

Ammodorcas clarkei

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Gazelle, dama

Gazella dama

Wherever found

E

70 FR 52319,
9/2/2005; 35 FR 8491,
6/2/1970.

Gazelle,
Moroccan

Gazella dorcas massaesyla

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Gazelle, mountain
(=Cuvier's)

Gazella cuvieri

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Gazelle, Pelzeln's

Gazella dorcas pelzelni

Wherever found

E

44 FR 37124, 6/25/1979.

Gazelle, sand

Gazella subgutturosa marica

Wherever found

E

44 FR 37124, 6/25/1979.

Gazelle, Saudi
Arabian

Gazella dorcas saudiya

Wherever found

E

44 FR 37124, 6/25/1979.

Gazelle, slenderhorned

Gazella leptoceros

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Gibbons

Hylobates spp.
(including Nomascus )

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970; 41
FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Goral

Nemorhaedus goral

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Gorilla

Gorilla gorilla

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Hare, hispid

Caprolagus hispidus

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Hartebeest,
Swayne's

Alcelaphus buselaphus swaynei

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970; 41
FR 24062; 6/14/1976.

Hartebeest, Tora

Alcelaphus buselaphus tora

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Hog, pygmy

Sus salvanius

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Horse,
Przewalski's

Equus przewalskii

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Huemul, north
Andean

Hippocamelus antisensis

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Huemul, south
Andean

Hippocamelus bisulcus

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Hutia, Cabrera's

Capromys angelcabrerai

Wherever found

E

51 FR 17977, 5/16/1986.

Hutia, dwarf

Capromys nana

Wherever found

E

51 FR 17977, 5/16/1986.

Hutia, large-eared

Capromys auritus

Wherever found

E

51 FR 17977, 5/16/1986.

Hutia, little earth

Capromys sanfelipensis

Wherever found

E

51 FR 17977, 5/16/1986.

Hyena, Barbary

Hyaena hyaena barbara

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Hyena, brown

Parahyaena (=Hyaena) brunnea

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Ibex, Pyrenean

Capra pyrenaica pyrenaica

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Ibex, Walia

Capra walie

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Impala, blackfaced

Aepyceros melampus petersi

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Indri

Indri indri (=entire genus)

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Jaguar

Panthera onca

Wherever found

E

37 FR 6476,
3/30/1972; 62 FR 39147,
7/22/1997; 50 CFR
17.95(a).CH

Jaguarundi,
Guatemalan

Herpailurus (=Felis)
yagouaroundi fossata

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Jaguarundi, Gulf
Coast

Herpailurus (=Felis)
yagouaroundi cacomitli

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Jaguarundi,
Panamanian

Herpailurus (=Felis)
yagouaroundi panamensis

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Jaguarundi,
Sinaloan

Herpailurus (=Felis)
yagouaroundi tolteca

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Kangaroo rat,
Fresno

Dipodomys nitratoides exilis

Wherever found

E

50 FR 4222,
1/30/1985; 50 CFR
17.95(a).CH

Kangaroo rat,
giant

Dipodomys ingens

Wherever found

E

52 FR 283, 1/5/1987.

Kangaroo rat,
Morro Bay

Dipodomys heermanni
morroensis

Wherever found

E

35 FR 16047,
10/13/1970; 50 CFR
17.95(a).CH

Kangaroo rat, San
Bernardino
Merriam's

Dipodomys merriami parvus

Wherever found

E

63 FR 3835,
1/27/1988; 63 FR 51005,
9/24/1988; 50 CFR
17.95(a).CH

Kangaroo rat,
Stephens'

Dipodomys stephensi (incl. D.
cascus )

Wherever found

E

53 FR 38465, 9/30/1988.

Kangaroo rat,
Tipton

Dipodomys nitratoides
nitratoides

Wherever found

E

53 FR 25608, 7/8/1988.

Kangaroo,
Tasmanian
forester

Macropus giganteus
tasmaniensis

Wherever found

E

38 FR 14678, 6/4/1973.

Koala

Phascolarctos cinereus

Australia

T

65 FR 26762, 5/9/2000.

Kouprey

Bos sauveli

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Langur, capped

Trachypithecus (=Presbytis)
pileatus

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Langur, Douc

Pygathrix nemaeus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Langur, Francois'

Trachypithecus (=Presbytis)
francoisi

Wherever found

E

41 FR 45990,
10/19/1976.

Langur, golden

Trachypithecus (=Presbytis) geei

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Langur, gray
(=entellus)

Semnopithecus (=Presbytis)
entellus

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Langur, longtailed

Presbytis potenziani

Wherever found

T

41 FR 45990,
10/19/1976; 50 CFR
17.40(c).4d

Langur, Pagi
Island

Nasalis concolor

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Langur, purplefaced

Presbytis senex

Wherever found

T

41 FR 45990,
10/19/1976; 50 CFR
17.40(c).4d

Lechwe, red

Kobus leche

Wherever found

T

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970; 41
FR 24062, 6/14/1976; 45
FR 65132, 10/1/1980.

Lemurs

Lemuridae (incl. genera Lemur,
Phaner, Hapalemur, Lepilemur,
Microcebus, Allocebus,
Cheirogaleus, Varecia )

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970; 41
FR 24062, 6/14/1976; 41
FR 26019, 6/24/1976.

Leopard

Panthera pardus

Wherever found, except where it is listed as
threatened

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970; 37
FR 6476, 3/30/1972; 47
FR 4204, 1/28/1982.

Leopard
[Southern Africa
populations]

Panthera pardus

In Africa, in the wild, south of, and including, the
following countries: Gabon, Congo, Zaire, Uganda,
Kenya

T

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970; 37
FR 6476, 3/30/1972; 47
FR 4204, 1/28/1982; 50
CFR 17.40(f).4d

Leopard, clouded

Neofelis nebulosa

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970; 41
FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Leopard, snow

Uncia (=Panthera) uncia

Wherever found

E

37 FR 6476, 3/30/1972.

Linsang, spotted

Prionodon pardicolor

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Lion

Panthera leo leo

Wherever found

E

80 FR 79999,
12/23/2015.

Lion

Panthera leo melanochaita

Wherever found

T

80 FR 79999,
12/23/2015; 50 CFR
17.40(r).4d

Loris, lesser slow

Nycticebus pygmaeus

Wherever found

T

41 FR 45990,
10/19/1976; 50 CFR
17.40(c).4d

Lynx, Canada
[Contiguous U.S.
DPS]

Lynx canadensis

Where found within contiguous U.S.A.

T

65 FR 16053,
3/24/2000; 50 CFR

17.40(k); 4d 50 CFR
17.95(a).CH
Lynx, Spanish

Felis pardina

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Macaque,
Formosan rock

Macaca cyclopis

Wherever found

T

41 FR 45990,
10/19/1976; 50 CFR
17.40(c).4d

Macaque,
Japanese

Macaca fuscata

Wherever found

T

41 FR 45990,
10/19/1976; 50 CFR
17.40(c).4d

Macaque, liontailed

Macaca silenus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Macaque, stumptailed

Macaca arctoides

Wherever found

T

41 FR 45990,
10/19/1976; 50 CFR
17.40(c).4d

Macaque, Toque

Macaca sinica

Wherever found

T

41 FR 45990,
10/19/1976; 50 CFR
17.40(c).4d

Manatee,
Amazonian

Trichechus inunguis

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Manatee, West
African

Trichechus senegalensis

Wherever found

T

44 FR 42910, 7/20/1979.

Manatee, West
Indian

Trichechus manatus

Wherever found

T

32 FR 4001,
3/11/1967;35 FR 8491,
6/2/1970; 82 FR 16668,
4/5/2017; 50 CFR
17.108(a);50 CFR
17.95(a).CH

Mandrill

Mandrillus (=Papio) sphinx

Wherever found

E

41 FR 45990,
10/19/1976.

Mangabey, Tana
River

Cercocebus galeritus galeritus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Mangabey, whitecollared

Cercocebus torquatus

Wherever found

E

41 FR 45990,
10/19/1976.

Margay

Leopardus (=Felis) wiedii

Mexico southward

E

37 FR 6476, 3/30/1972.

Markhor, chiltan
(=wild goat)

Capra falconeri (=aegagrus)
chiltanensis

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Markhor, straighthorned

Capra falconeri megaceros

Wherever found

T

41 FR 24062,
6/14/1976; 79 FR
60365,10/7/2014; 50 CFR
17.40(d).4d

Marmoset, buffheaded

Callithrix flaviceps

Wherever found

E

49 FR 2779, 1/23/1984.

Marmoset, cottontop

Saguinus oedipus

Wherever found

E

41 FR 45990,
10/19/1976.

Marmoset,
Goeldi's

Callimico goeldii

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Marmoset, whiteeared (=buffy
tufted-ear)

Callithrix aurita (=jacchus a.)

Wherever found

E

51 FR 17977, 5/16/1986.

Marmot,
Vancouver Island

Marmota vancouverensis

Wherever found

E

49 FR 2779, 1/23/1984.

Marsupial,
eastern jerboa

Antechinomys laniger

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319, 6/2/1970.

Marsupial-mouse,
large desert

Sminthopsis psammophila

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319, 6/2/1970.

Marsupial-mouse,
long-tailed

Sminthopsis longicaudata

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319, 6/2/1970.

Martes flavigula chrysospila

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Marten,
Formosan yellow-

throated
Monkey, black
colobus

Colobus satanas

Wherever found

E

41 FR 45990,
10/19/1976.

Monkey, black
howler

Alouatta pigra

Wherever found

T

41 FR 45990,
10/19/1976; 50 CFR
17.40(c).4d

Monkey, Diana

Cercopithecus diana

Wherever found

E

41 FR 45990,
10/19/1976.

Monkey, Guizhou
snub-nosed

Rhinopithecus brelichi

Wherever found

E

55 FR 39414, 9/27/1990.

Monkey, L'hoest's

Cercopithecus lhoesti

Wherever found

E

41 FR 45990,
10/19/1976.

Monkey, mantled
howler

Alouatta palliata

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Monkey, Preuss'
red colobus

Procolobus (=Colobus) preussi
(=badius p.)

Wherever found

E

49 FR 2779, 1/23/1984.

Monkey,
proboscis

Nasalis larvatus

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Monkey, redbacked squirrel

Saimiri oerstedii

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Monkey, redbellied

Cercopithecus erythrogaster

Wherever found

E

41 FR 45990,
10/19/1976.

Monkey, redeared nosespotted

Cercopithecus erythrotis

Wherever found

E

41 FR 45990,
10/19/1976.

Monkey, Sichuan
snub-nosed

Rhinopithecus roxellana

Wherever found

E

55 FR 39414, 9/27/1990.

Monkey, spider

Ateles geoffroyi frontatus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Monkey, spider

Ateles geoffroyl panamensis

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Monkey, Tana
River red colobus

Procolobus (=Colobus)
rufomitratus (=badius r.)

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Monkey, Tonkin
snub-nosed

Rhinopithecus avunculus

Wherever found

E

41 FR 45990,
10/19/1976; 55 FR
39414, 9/27/1990.

Monkey, woolly
spider

Brachyteles arachnoides

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Monkey, yellowtailed woolly

Lagothrix flavicauda

Wherever found

E

41 FR 45990,
10/19/1976.

Monkey, Yunnan
snub-nosed

Rhinopithecus bieti

Wherever found

E

55 FR 39414, 9/27/1990.

Monkey, Zanzibar
red colobus

Procolobus (=Colobus) pennantii
(=kirki) kirki

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Mountain beaver,
Point Arena

Aplodontia rufa nigra

Wherever found

E

56 FR 64716,
12/12/1991.

Mouse, Alabama
beach

Peromyscus polionotus
ammobates

Wherever found

E

50 FR 23872,
6/6/1985; 50 CFR
17.95(a).CH

Mouse, Anastasia
Island beach

Peromyscus polionotus phasma

Wherever found

E

54 FR 20598, 5/12/1989.

Mouse, Australian
native

Notomys aquilo

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Mouse, Australian
native

Zyzomys pedunculatus

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Mouse,
Choctawhatchee
beach

Peromyscus polionotus allophrys

Wherever found

E

50 FR 23872,
6/6/1985; 50 CFR
17.95(a).CH

Mouse, Field's

Pseudomys fieldi

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319, 12/2/1970.

Mouse, Gould's

Pseudomys gouldii

Wherever found

E

38 FR 14678, 6/4/1973.

Mouse, Key Largo
cotton

Peromyscus gossypinus
allapaticola

Wherever found

E

48 FR 43040,
9/21/1983; 49 FR 34504,
8/31/1984.

Mouse, New
Holland

Pseudomys novaehollandiae

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319, 12/2/1970.

Mouse, New
Mexico meadow
jumping

Zapus hudsonius luteus

Wherever found

E

79 FR 33119,
6/10/2014; 50 CFR
17.95(a).CH

Mouse, Pacific
pocket

Perognathus longimembris
pacificus

Wherever found

E

59 FR 5306, 2/3/1994; 59
FR 49752, 9/29/1994.

Mouse, Perdido
Key beach

Peromyscus polionotus
trissyllepsis

Wherever found

E

50 FR 23872,
6/6/1985; 50 CFR
17.95(a).CH

Mouse, Preble's
meadow jumping

Zapus hudsonius preblei

Wherever found

T

63 FR 26517,
5/13/1998; 78 FR 31679,
5/24/2013; 50 CFR
17.40(l); 4d 50 CFR
17.95(a).CH

Mouse, salt
marsh harvest

Reithrodontomys raviventris

Wherever found

E

35 FR 16047,
10/13/1970.

Mouse, Shark
Bay

Pseudomys praeconis

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319, 12/2/1970.

Mouse,
Shortridge's

Pseudomys shortridgei

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319, 12/2/1970.

Mouse, smoky

Pseudomys fumeus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319, 12/2/1970.

Mouse,
southeastern
beach

Peromyscus polionotus
niveiventris

Wherever found

T

54 FR 20598, 5/12/1989.

Mouse, St.
Andrew beach

Peromyscus polionotus
peninsularis

Wherever found

E

63 FR 70053,
12/18/1998; 50 CFR
17.95(a).CH

Mouse, western

Pseudomys occidentalis

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319, 12/2/1970.

Muntjac, Fea's

Muntiacus feae

Wherever found

E

44 FR 37124, 6/25/1979.

Native-cat,
eastern

Dasyurus viverrinus

Wherever found

E

38 FR 14678, 6/4/1973.

Numbat

Myrmecobius fasciatus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319,
12/2/1970; 38 FR 14678,
6/4/1973.

Ocelot

Leopardus (=Felis) pardalis

Wherever found

E

37 FR 6476,
3/30/1972; 47 FR 31670,
7/21/1982.

Orangutan

Pongo abelii

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970; 83
FR 2085, 1/16/2018.

Orangutan

Pongo pygmaeus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970; 83
FR 2085, 1/16/2018.

Oryx, Arabian

Oryx leucoryx

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Oryx, scimitarhorned

Oryx dammah

Wherever found

E

70 FR 52319, 9/2/2005.

Otter, Cameroon
clawless

Aonyx congicus (=congica)
microdon

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Otter, giant

Pteronura brasiliensis

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Otter, long-tailed

Lontra (=Lutra)
longicaudis (incl. platensis )

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970; 41
FR 24062, 6/24/1976.

Otter, marine

Lontra (=Lutra) felina

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/24/1976.

Otter, northern
sea [Southwest
Alaska DPS]

Enhydra lutris kenyoni

Southwest Alaska, from Attu Island to Western Cook
Inlet, including Bristol Bay, the Kodiak Archipelago,
and the Barren Islands

T

70 FR 46366,
8/9/2005; 50 CFR
17.40(p); 4d 50 CFR
17.95(a).CH

Otter, southern
river

Lontra (=Lutra) provocax

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Otter, southern
sea

Enhydra lutris nereis

Wherever found

T

42 FR 2965, 1/14/1977.

Panda, giant

Ailuropoda melanoleuca

Wherever found

E

49 FR 2779, 1/23/1984.

Pangolin,
Temnick's ground

Manis temmincki

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Panther, Florida

Puma (=Felis) concolor coryi

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967.

Planigale, little

Planigale ingrami subtilissima

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319, 12/2/1970.

Planigale,
southern

Planigale tenuirostris

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319, 12/2/1970.

Pocket gopher,
Olympia

Thomomys mazama pugetensis

Wherever found

T

79 FR 19759,
4/9/2014; 50 CFR
17.40(a); 4d 50 CFR
17.95(a).CH

Pocket gopher,
Roy Prairie

Thomomys mazama glacialis

Wherever found

T

79 FR 19759,
4/9/2014; 50 CFR
17.40(a).4d

T

79 FR 19759,
4/9/2014; 50 CFR
17.40(a); 4d 50 CFR
17.95(a).CH

Pocket gopher,
Tenino

Thomomys mazama tumuli

Wherever found

Pocket gopher,
Yelm

Thomomys mazama yelmensis

Wherever found

T

79 FR 19759,
4/9/2014; 50 CFR
17.40(a); 4d 50 CFR
17.95(a).CH

Porcupine, thinspined

Chaetomys subspinosus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Porpoise, Gulf of
California harbor
(cochito, vaquita)

Phocoena sinus

Wherever found

E

50 FR 1056, 1/9/1985; 
N 50 FR 1056, 1/9/1985.

Possum,
Leadbeater's

Gymnobelideus leadbeateri

Wherever found

E

51 FR 17977, 5/16/1986.

Possum,
mountain pygmy

Burramys parvus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319, 12/2/1970.

Possum, scalytailed

Wyulda squamicaudata

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319, 12/2/1970.

Prairie dog,
Mexican

Cynomys mexicanus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Prairie dog, Utah

Cynomys parvidens

Wherever found

T

38 FR 14678,
6/4/1973; 49 FR 22330,
5/29/1984; 50 CFR
17.40(g).4d

Pronghorn,
peninsular

Antilocapra americana
peninsularis

Wherever found

E

40 FR 44149, 9/25/1975.

Pronghorn,
Sonoran

Antilocapra americana
sonoriensis

Wherever found, except where listed as an
experimental population

E

32 FR 4001,
3/11/1967; 35 FR 8491,
6/2/1970.

Pronghorn,
Sonoran

Antilocapra americana
sonoriensis

In Arizona, an area north of Interstate 8 and south of
Interstate 10, bounded by the Colorado River on the
west and Interstate 10 on the east; and an area south
of Interstate 8, bounded by Highway 85 on the west,
Interstates 10 and 19 on the east, and the U.S.-Mexico
border on the south

XN

76 FR 25593,
5/5/2011; 50 CFR
17.84(v).10j

Pudu

Pudu pudu

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Puma (=mountain
lion)

Puma (=Felis) concolor (all
subsp. except coryi )

U.S.A. (FL)

T(S/A)

56 FR 40265,
8/14/1991; 50 CFR
17.40(h).4d

Puma, Costa
Rican

Puma (=Felis) concolor
costaricensis

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Quokka

Setonix brachyurus

Wherever found

E

38 FR 14678, 6/4/1973.

Rabbit, Columbia
Basin pygmy
[Columbia Basin
DPS]

Brachylagus idahoensis

U.S.A. (WA—Douglas, Grant, Lincoln, Adams, Benton
Counties)

E

68 FR 10388, 3/5/2003.

Rabbit, Lower
Keys

Sylvilagus palustris hefneri

Wherever found

E

55 FR 25588, 6/21/1990.

Rabbit, riparian
brush

Sylvilagus bachmani riparius

Wherever found

E

65 FR 8881, 2/23/2000.

Rabbit, Ryukyu

Pentalagus furnessi

Wherever found

E

44 FR 37124, 6/25/1979.

Rabbit, volcano

Romerolagus diazi

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Rat, false water

Xeromys myoides

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319, 12/2/1970.

Rat, stick-nest

Leporillus conditor

Wherever found

E

38 FR 14678, 6/4/1970.

Rat-kangaroo,
brush-tailed

Bettongia penicillata

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319, 12/2/1970.

Rat-kangaroo,
desert (=plain)

Caloprymnus campestris

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319, 12/2/1970.

Rat-kangaroo,
Gaimard's

Bettongia gaimardi

Wherever found

E

38 FR 14678, 6/4/1970.

Rat-kangaroo,
Lesuer's

Bettongia lesueur

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319, 12/2/1970.

Rat-kangaroo,
Queensland

Bettongia tropica

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319, 12/2/1970.

Rhinoceros, black

Diceros bicornis

Wherever found

E

45 FR 47352, 7/14/1980.

Rhinoceros, great
Indian

Rhinoceros unicornis

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319, 12/2/1970.

Rhinoceros,
Javan

Rhinoceros sondaicus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Rhinoceros,
northern white

Ceratotherium simum cottoni

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Rhinoceros,
southern white

Ceratotherium simum simum

Wherever found

T(S/A)

79 FR 28847, 5/20/2014.

Rhinoceros,
Sumatran

Dicerorhinus sumatrensis

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Rice rat [Lower
FL Keys DPS]

Oryzomys palustris natator

Lower FL Keys (west of Seven Mile Bridge)

E

56 FR 19809,
4/30/1990; 50 CFR
17.95(a).CH

Saiga, Mongolian
(antelope)

Saiga tatarica mongolica

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Saki, southern
bearded

Chiropotes satanas satanas

Wherever found

E

51 FR 17977, 5/16/1986.

Saki, white-nosed

Chiropotes albinasus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.
55 FR 13488,
4/10/1990; 55 FR 50005,
12/4/1990; 62 FR 24345,
5/5/1997; N 62 FR 30772,
6/5/1997; 50 CFR
226.202; CH 50 CFR
224.103.

Sea lion, Steller
[Western DPS]

Seal, bearded
[Beringia DPS]

Eumetopias jubatus

Western DPS—see 50 CFR 224.101

E

Erignathus barbatus nauticus

Beringia DPS—see 50 CFR 223.102

T

77 FR 76739,
12/28/2012; N79 FR
42687, 7/23/2014.

Seal, bearded
[Okhotsk DPS]

Erignathus barbatus nauticus

Okhotsk DPS—see 50 CFR 223.102

T

77 FR 76739,
12/28/2012; N79 FR
42687, 7/23/2014.

Seal, Guadalupe
fur

Arctocephalus townsendi

Wherever found

T

32 FR 4001,
3/11/1967; 35 FR 16047,
10/13/1970; 50 FR
51251, 12/16/1985; 55
FR 14051, 3/23/1999; 
N 50 CFR 223.201.4d

Seal, Hawaiian
monk

Neomonachus schauinslandi
(=Monachus schauinslandi)

Wherever found

E

41 FR 51611,
11/23/1976; 55 FR
14051, 3/23/1999; N 50
CFR 226.201.CH

Seal,
Mediterranean
monk

Monachus monachus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970; 55
FR 14051, 3/23/1999.N

Seal, ringed
(Arctic
subspecies)

Phoca (= Pusa ) hispida hispida

Wherever found

T

77 FR 76705,
12/28/2012; N79 FR
42687, 7/23/2014.

Seal, ringed
(Baltic
subspecies)

Phoca (= Pusa ) hispida botnica

Wherever found

T

77 FR 76705,
12/28/2012; N79 FR
42687, 7/23/2014.

Seal, ringed
(Ladoga
subspecies)

Phoca ( =Pusa ) hispida
ladogensis

Wherever found

E

77 FR 76705,
12/28/2012; N79 FR
42687, 7/23/2014.

Seal, ringed
(Okhotsk
subspecies)

Phoca (= Pusa ) hispida
ochotensis

Wherever found

T

77 FR 76705,
12/28/2012; N79 FR
42687, 7/23/2014.

Seal, ringed
(Saimaa
subspecies)

Phoca (=Pusa) hispida
saimensis

Wherever found

E

58 FR 26920, 5/6/1993;  
N 58 FR 40538,
7/28/1993.

Seal, spotted
[Southern DPS]

Phoca largha

Southern DPS—see 50 CFR 223.102

T

75 FR 65239,
10/22/2010; N76 FR
20558, 4/13/2011; 79 FR
42687, 7/23/2014; 50
CFR 223.212.4d

Seledang

Bos gaurus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Serow

Naemorhedus (=Capricornis)
sumatraensis

Wherever found

E

41 FR 26019, 6/24/1976.

Serval, Barbary

Leptailurus (=Felis) serval
constantina

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Shapo

Ovis vignei vignei

Wherever found

E

41 FR 26019, 6/24/1976.

Sheep,
Peninsular
bighorn
[Peninsular CA
DPS]

Ovis canadensis nelsoni

U.S.A. (CA) Peninsular Ranges

E

63 FR 13134,
3/18/1998; 50 CFR
17.95(a).CH

Sheep, Sierra
Nevada bighorn

Ovis canadensis sierrae

U.S.A. (CA)—Sierra Nevada

E

64 FR 19300,
4/20/1999; 65 FR 20,
1/3/2000; 73 FR 45534,
8/5/2008; 50 CFR
17.95(a).CH

Shou

Cervus elaphus wallichi

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Shrew, Buena
Vista Lake

Sorex ornatus relictus

Wherever found

E

67 FR 10101,
3/6/2002; 50 CFR
17.95(a).CH

Siamang

Symphalangus syndactylus

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Sifakas

Propithecus spp.

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319, 12/2/1970.

Sloth, Brazilian
three-toed

Bradypus torquatus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Solenodon,
Cuban

Solenodon cubanus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Solenodon,
Haitian

Solenodon paradoxus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Squirrel, Carolina
northern flying

Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus

Wherever found

E

50 FR 26999, 7/1/1985.

Squirrel, Mount
Graham red

Tamiasciurus hudsonicus
grahamensis

Wherever found

E

52 FR 20994,
6/3/1987; 50 CFR
17.95(a).CH

Squirrel, northern
Idaho ground

Spermophilus brunneus
brunneus

Wherever found

T

65 FR 17780, 4/5/2000.

Stag, Barbary

Cervus elaphus barbarus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Stag, Kashmir

Cervus elaphus hanglu

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Suni, Zanzibar

Neotragus moschatus
moschatus

Wherever found

E

44 FR 37124, 6/25/1979.

Tahr, Arabian

Hemitragus jayakari

Wherever found

E

44 FR 37124, 6/25/1979.

Tamaraw

Bubalus mindorensis

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319, 12/2/1970.

Tamarin, goldenrumped

Leontopithecus spp.

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Tamarin, pied

Saguinus bicolor

Wherever found

E

41 FR 45990,
10/19/1976.

Tamarin, whitefooted

Saguinus leucopus

Wherever found

T

41 FR 45990,
10/19/1976; 50 CFR
17.40(c).4d

Tapir, Asian

Tapirus indicus

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Tapir, Central
American

Tapirus bairdii

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Tapir, mountain

Tapirus pinchaque

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Tapir, South
American
(=Brazilian)

Tapirus terrestris

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Tarsier, Philippine

Tarsius syrichta

Wherever found

T

41 FR 45990,
10/19/1976; 50 CFR
17.40(c).4d

Tiger

Panthera tigris

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970; 37
FR 6476, 3/30/1972.

Tiger, Tasmanian

Thylacinus cynocephalus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Uakari (all
species)

Cacajao spp.

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Urial

Ovis musimon ophion

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Vicuna [Argentina,
Bolivia, Chile and
Peru]

Vicugna vicugna

Wherever found, except Ecudator

T

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970; 67
FR 37695, 5/30/2002; 50
CFR 17.40(m).4d

Vicuna [Ecuador
DPS]

Vicugna vicugna

Ecuador

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970; 67
FR 37695, 5/30/2002.

Vole, Amargosa

Microtus californicus scirpensis

Wherever found

E

49 FR 45160,
11/15/1984; 50 CFR
17.95(a).CH

Vole, Florida salt
marsh

Microtus pennsylvanicus
dukecampbelli

Wherever found

E

56 FR 1457, 1/14/1991.

Wallaby, banded
hare

Lagostrophus fasciatus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319, 12/2/1970.

Wallaby, brindled
nail-tailed

Onychogalea fraenata

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319, 12/2/1970.

Onychogalea lunata

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319, 12/2/1970.

Wallaby, crescent
nail-tailed

Wallaby, Parma

Macropus parma

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319, 12/2/1970.

Wallaby, western
hare

Lagorchestes hirsutus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319, 12/2/1970.

Wallaby, yellowfooted rock

Petrogale xanthopus

Wherever found

E

38 FR 14678, 6/4/1973.

Whale, beluga
[Cook Inlet DPS]

Delphinapterus leucas

Cook Inlet DPS—see 50 CFR 224.101

E

73 FR 62919,
10/22/2008; N76 FR
20558, 4/13/2011; 79 FR
42687, 7/23/2014; 50
CFR 226.220.CH

Whale, blue

Balaenoptera musculus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Whale, bowhead

Balaena mysticetus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Whale, false killer
[Main Hawaiian
Islands Insular
DPS]

Pseudorca crassidens

Main HawaiianIslands Insular DPS—see 50 CFR
224.101

E

77 FR 70915,
11/28/2012; N 79 FR
42687, 7/23/2014; 50
CFR 226.226. CH

Whale, finback

Balaenoptera physalus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970; 59
FR 31094, 6/16/1994; 
N 79 FR 42687,
7/23/2014.

Whale, gray
[Western North
Pacific DPS]

Eschrichtius robustus

Western North Pacific DPS—see 50 CFR 224.101

Whale, humpback
[Arabian Sea
DPS]

Megaptera novaeangliae

Arabian Sea DPS—see 50 CFR 224.101

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970; 35
FR 18319, 12/2/1970; 81
FR 62260, 9/8/2016N; 81
FR 93639, 12/21/2016.

Whale, humpback
[Cape Verde
Islands/Northwest
Africa DPS]

Megaptera novaeangliae

Cape Verde Islands/Northwest Africa DPS—see 50
CFR 224.101

E

35 FR 8491, 6/0/1970; 35
FR 18319, 12/2/1970; 81
FR 62260, 9/8/2016N; 81
FR 93639, 12/21/2016.

Whale, humpback
[Central America
DPS]

Megaptera novaeangliae

Central America DPS—see 50 CFR 224.101

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970; 35
FR 18319, 12/2/1970; 81
FR 62260, 9/8/2016N; 81
FR 93639, 12/21/2016.

T

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970; 35
FR 18319, 12/2/1970; 81
FR 62260, 9/8/2016N; 81
FR 93639,
12/21/2016; 50 CFR
223.213; 50 CFR
223.214.

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970; 35
FR 18319, 12/2/1970; 81
FR 62260, 9/8/2016N; 81
FR 93639,
12/21/2016; 50 CFR
224.103.

E

70 FR 69903,
11/18/2005; N 72 FR
16284, 4/4/2007; 76 FR
20558, 4/13/2011; 79 FR
42687, 7/23/2014; 80
CFR 7380, 2/10/2015; 
N 50 CFR 224.103; 50
CFR 226.206.CH
35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970; 73
FR 12024, 3/6/2008; N 76
FR 20558, 4/13/2011; 79
FR 42687, 7/23/2014; 50
CFR 224.103; 50 CFR
224.105; 50 CFR
226.203.CH

Whale, humpback
[Mexico DPS]

Whale, humpback
[Western North
Pacific DPS]

Whale, killer
[Southern
Resident DPS]

Whale, North
Atlantic right

Whale, North
Pacific right

Megaptera novaeangliae

Megaptera novaeangliae

Orcinus orca

Mexico DPS—see 50 CFR 223.102

Western North Pacific DPS—see 50 CFR 224.101

Southern Resident DPS—see 50 CFR 224.101

Eubalaena glacialis

Wherever found

E

Eubalaena japonica

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970; 73
FR 12024, 3/6/2008; N 76
FR 20558, 4/13/2011; 79

FR 42687, 7/23/2014; 50
CFR 226.215.CH
Whale, sei

Balaenoptera borealis

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Whale, Southern
right

Eubalaena australis

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970; 73
FR 12024, 3/6/2008; N 76
FR 20558, 4/13/2011.

Whale, sperm

Physeter catodon
(=macrocephalus)

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Wolf, gray

Canis lupus

U.S.A.: All of AL, AR, CA, CO, CT, DE, FL, GA, IA, IN,
IL, KS, KY, LA, MA, MD, ME, MI, MO, MS, NC, ND,
NE, NH, NJ, NV, NY, OH, OK, PA, RI, SC, SD, TN, TX,
VA, VT, WI, and WV; and portions of AZ, NM, OR, UT,
and WA as follows:

E

32 FR 4001,
3/11/1967; 38 FR 14678,
6/4/1973; 41 FR 17736,
4/28/1976; 41 FR 24062,
6/14/1976; 43 FR 9607,
3/9/1978; 80 FR 9218,
2/20/2015; 50 CFR
17.95(a).CH

(1) Northern AZ (that portion north of the centerline of
Interstate Highway 40);

(2) Northern NM (that portion north of the centerline of
Interstate Highway 40);

(3) Western OR (that portion of OR west of the
centerline of Highway 395 and Highway 78 north of
Burns Junction and that portion of OR west of the
centerline of Highway 95 south of Burns Junction);

(4) Most of Utah (that portion of UT south and west of
the centerline of Highway 84 and that portion of UT
south of Highway 80 from Echo to the UT/WY
Stateline); and

(5) Western WA (that portion of WA west of the
centerline of Highway 97 and Highway 17 north of
Mesa and that portion of WA west of the centerline of
Highway 395 south of Mesa). Mexico.

Wolf, gray [MN
DPS]

Canis lupus

U.S.A. (MN)

T

43 FR 9607, 3/9/1978; 50
CFR 17.40(d); 4d 50 CFR
17.95(a).CH

Wolf, maned

Chrysocyon brachyurus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319, 12/2/1970.

Wolf, Mexican

Canis lupus baileyi

Wherever found, except where included in an
experimental population as set forth in § 17.84(k)

E

40 FR 17590,
4/21/1975; 80 FR 2488,
1/16/2015.

Wolf, Mexican

Canis lupus baileyi

U.S.A. (portions of AZ and NM)—see § 17.84(k)

XN

63 FR 1752,
1/12/1998; 80 FR 2512,
1/16/2015; 50 CFR
17.84(k).10j

Canis rufus

Wherever found, except where listed as an
experimental population

E

32 FR 4001,
3/11/1967; 51 FR 41790,
11/19/1986; 56 FR
56325, 11/4/1991; 60 FR
18941, 4/13/1995.

Wolf, red

Wolf, red

Canis rufus

U.S.A. (portions of NC and TN—see § 17.84(c)(9))

XN

51 FR 41790,
11/19/1986; 56 FR
56325, 11/4/1991; 60 FR
18941, 4/13/1995; 50
CFR 17.84(c).10j

Wombat,
Queensland
hairy-nosed (incl.
Barnard's)

Lasiorhinus krefftii (formerly L.
barnardi and L. gillespiei )

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319,
12/2/1970; 38 FR 14678,
6/4/1973.

Woodrat, Key
Largo

Neotoma floridana smalli

Wherever found

E

48 FR 43040,
9/21/1983; 49 FR 34504,
8/31/1984.

Woodrat, riparian
(San Joaquin
Valley)

Neotoma fuscipes riparia

Wherever found

E

65 FR 8881, 2/23/2000.

Yak, wild

Bos mutus (=grunniens m.)

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Zebra, Grevy's

Equus grevyi

Wherever found

T

44 FR 49218, 8/21/1979.

Zebra,
Hartmann's
mountain

Equus zebra hartmannae

Wherever found

T

44 FR 49218,
8/21/1979; 46 FR 11665,
2/10/1981.

Zebra, mountain

Equus zebra zebra

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062,
6/14/1976; 46 FR 11665,
2/10/1981.

Adjutant, greater

Leptoptilos dubius

Wherever found

E

76 FR 50052, 8/11/2011.

Akekee
(honeycreeper)

Loxops caeruleirostris

Wherever found

E

75 FR 18960,
4/13/2010; 50 CFR
17.95(b).CH

Akepa, Hawaii

Loxops coccineus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 16047,
10/13/1970.

Akepa, Maui

Loxops ochraceus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 16047,
10/13/1970.

Akialoa, Kauai

Hemignathus stejnegeri

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967.

Akiapolaau

Hemignathus wilsoni

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967.

Akikiki
(honeycreeper)

Oreomystis bairdi

Wherever found

E

75 FR 18960,
4/13/2010; 50 CFR
17.95(b).CH

Albatross,
Amsterdam

Diomedea amsterdamensis

Wherever found

E

60 FR 2899, 1/12/1995.

Albatross, shorttailed

Phoebastria (=Diomedea)
albatrus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970; 65
FR 46643, 7/31/2000.

Alethe, Thyolo

Alethe choloensis

Wherever found

E

60 FR 2899, 1/12/1995.

Antpitta, brownbanded

Grallaria milleri

Wherever found

E

78 FR 64637,
10/29/2013.

Antwren, blackhooded

Formicivora erythronotos

Wherever found

E

75 FR 81794,
12/28/2010.

Blackbird, yellowshouldered

Agelaius xanthomus

Wherever found

E

41 FR 51019,
11/19/1976; 50 CFR
17.95(b).CH

Bobwhite,
masked (quail)

Colinus virginianus ridgwayi

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001,
3/11/1967; 35 FR 8491,
6/2/1970.

Booby, Abbott's

Papasula (=Sula) abbotti

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Bristlebird,
western

Dasyornis longirostris
(=brachypterus l.)

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Bristlebird,
western rufous

Dasyornis broadbenti littoralis

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Bulbul, Mauritius
olivaceous

Hypsipetes borbonicus olivaceus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Bullfinch, Sao
Miguel (finch)

Pyrrhula pyrrhula murina

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Bush-shrike,
Ulugura

Malaconotus alius

Wherever found

T

60 FR 2899, 1/12/1995.

Bushwren, New
Zealand

Xenicus longipes

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Bustard, great
Indian

Ardeotis (=Choriotis) nigriceps

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Cahow

Pterodroma cahow

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Capercaillie,
Cantabrian

Tetrao urogallus cantabricus

Wherever found

E

76 FR 50052, 8/11/2011.

Birds

Caracara,
crested,
(Audubon's) [FL
DPS]

Polyborus plancus audubonii

U.S.A. (FL)

T

52 FR 25229, 7/6/1987.

Cinclodes, royal

Cinclodes aricomae

Wherever found

E

77 FR 43434, 7/24/2012.

Cockatoo,
Philippine

Cacatua haematuropygia

Wherever found

E

79 FR 35870, 6/24/2014.

Cockatoo,
salmon-crested

Cacatua moluccensis

Wherever found

T

76 FR 30758,
5/26/2011; 50 CFR
17.41(c).4d

Cockatoo, white

Cacatua alba

Wherever found

T

79 FR 35870,
6/24/2014; 50 CFR
17.41(c).4d

Cockatoo, yellowcrested

Cacatua sulphurea

Wherever found

E

79 FR 35870, 6/24/2014.

Condor, Andean

Vultur gryphus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319, 12/2/1970.

Condor, California

Gymnogyps californianus

U.S.A. only, except where listed as an experimental
population

E

32 FR 4001,
3/11/1967; 61 FR 54045,
10/16/1996; 50 CFR
17.95(b).CH

Condor, California

Gymnogyps californianus

U.S.A. (specific portions of Arizona, Nevada, and
Utah)—see § 17.84(j)

XN

61 FR 54045,
10/16/1996; 50 CFR
17.84(j).10j

Coot, Hawaiian

Fulica americana alai

Wherever found

E

35 FR 16047,
10/13/1970.

Cotinga, banded

Cotinga maculata

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Cotinga, whitewinged

Xipholena atropurpurea

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Courser, Jerdon's

Rhinoptilus bitorquatus

Wherever found

E

76 FR 50052, 8/11/2011.

Crane, blacknecked

Grus nigricollis

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Crane, Cuba
sandhill

Grus canadensis nesiotes

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Crane, hooded

Grus monacha

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319, 12/2/1970.

Crane, Japanese

Grus japonensis

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Crane, Mississippi
sandhill

Grus canadensis pulla

Wherever found

E

38 FR 14678,
6/4/1973; 50 CFR
17.95(b).CH

Crane, Siberian
white

Grus leucogeranus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319, 12/2/1970.

Crane, whitenaped

Grus vipio

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Grus americana

Wherever found, except where listed as an
experimental population

E

32 FR 4001,
3/11/1967; 35 FR 8491,
3/9/1978; 50 CFR
17.95(b).CH

Crane, whooping

Crane, whooping

Grus americana

U.S.A. (AL, AR, CO, FL, GA, ID, IL, IN, IA, KY, LA, MI,
MN, MS, MO, NC, NM, OH, SC, TN, UT, VA, WI, WV,
western half of WY)

XN

58 FR 5561,
1/22/1993; 62 FR 38932,
7/21/1997; 66 FR 33903,
6/26/2001; 76 FR 6066,
2/3/2011; 50 CFR
17.84(h).10j

Creeper, Hawaii

Oreomystis mana

Wherever found

E

40 FR 44149, 9/25/1975.

Creeper, Molokai

Paroreomyza flammea

Wherever found

E

35 FR 16047,
10/13/1970.

Creeper, Oahu

Paroreomyza maculata

Wherever found

E

35 FR 16047,
10/13/1970.

Crow, Hawaiian

Corvus hawaiiensis

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967.

Crow, Mariana

Corvus kubaryi

Wherever found

E

49 FR 33881,
8/27/1984; 50 CFR
17.95(b).CH

Crow, whitenecked

Corvus leucognaphalus

Wherever found

E

56 FR 13598, 4/3/1991.

Cuckoo, yellowbilled [Western
DPS]

Coccyzus americanus

Western DPS: U.S.A. (AZ, CA, CO (western), ID, MT
(western), NM (western), NV, OR, TX (western), UT,
WA, WY (western)); Canada (British Columbia
(southwestern); Mexico (Baja California, Baja
California Sur, Chihuahua, Durango (western),
Sinaloa, Sonora)

T

79 FR 59991, 10/3/2014.

Cuckoo-shrike,
Mauritius

Coquus typicus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Cuckoo-shrike,
Reunion

Coquus newtoni

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Curassow, bluebilled

Crax alberti

Wherever found

E

78 FR 64637,
10/29/2013.

Curassow, razorbilled

Mitu mitu mitu

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Curassow, redbilled

Crax blumenbachii

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319, 12/2/1970.

Curassow,
Trinidad whiteheaded

Pipile pipile pipile

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Curlew, Eskimo

Numenius borealis

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001,
3/11/1967; 35 FR 8491,
6/2/1970.

Curlew, slenderbilled

Numenius tenuirostris

Wherever found

E

76 FR 50052, 8/11/2011.

Dove, clovenfeathered

Drepanoptila holosericea

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Dove, Grenada
gray-fronted

Leptotila rufaxilla wellsi

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Duck, Hawaiian

Anas wyvilliana

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967.

Duck, Laysan

Anas laysanensis

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967.

Duck, pinkheaded

Rhodonessa caryophyllacea

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Duck, whitewinged wood

Cairina scutulata

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Eagle, Greenland
white-tailed

Haliaeetus albicilla
groenlandicus

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Eagle, harpy

Harpia harpyja

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Eagle,
Madagascar sea

Haliaeetus vociferoides

Wherever found

E

60 FR 2899, 1/12/1995.

Eagle,
Madagascar
serpent

Eutriorchis astur

Wherever found

E

60 FR 2899, 1/12/1995.

Eagle, Philippine

Pithecophaga jefferyi

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Eagle, Spanish
imperial

Aquila heliaca adalberti

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Egret, Chinese

Egretta eulophotes

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Eider, spectacled

Somateria fischeri

Wherever found

T

58 FR 27474,
5/10/1993; 50 CFR
17.95(b).CH

Eider, Steller's
[AK Breeding

Polysticta stelleri

U.S.A. (AK breeding population only)

T

62 FR 31748,
6/11/1997; 50 CFR

DPS]

17.95(b).CH

Elepaio, Oahu

Chasiempis ibidis

Wherever found

E

65 FR 20760,
4/18/2000; 50 CFR
17.95(b).CH

Falcon, Eurasian
peregrine

Falco peregrinus peregrinus

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Falcon, northern
aplomado

Falco femoralis septentrionalis

Wherever found, except where listed as an
experimental population

E

51 FR 6686, 2/25/1986.

Falcon, northern
aplomado

Falco femoralis septentrionalis

U.S.A. (AZ, NM)

XN

71 FR 42298,
7/26/2006; 50 CFR
17.84(p).10j

Finch, Laysan
(honeycreeper)

Telespyza cantans

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967.

Finch, Nihoa
(honeycreeper)

Telespyza ultima

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967.

Fire-eye, fringedbacked

Pyriglena atra

Wherever found

E

75 FR 81794,
12/28/2010.

Flamingo, Andean

Phoenicoparrus andinus

Wherever found

E

75 FR 50814, 8/17/2010.

Flycatcher, Euler's

Empidonax euleri johnstonei

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Flycatcher,
Seychelles
paradise

Terpsiphone corvina

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Flycatcher,
southwestern
willow

Empidonax traillii extimus

Wherever found

E

60 FR 10695,
2/27/1995; 50 CFR
17.95(b).CH

Flycatcher, Tahiti

Pomarea nigra

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Fody, Mauritius

Foudia rubra

Wherever found

E

60 FR 2899, 1/12/1995.

Fody, Rodrigues

Foudia flavicans

Wherever found

E

60 FR 2899, 1/12/1995.

Fody, Seychelles
(weaver-finch)

Foudia sechellarum

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Francolin, Djibouti

Francolinus ochropectus

Wherever found

E

60 FR 2899, 1/12/1995.

Frigatebird,
Andrew's

Fregata andrewsi

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Gallinule,
Hawaiian
common (Alae
ula)

Gallinula chloropus (=galeata)
sandvicensis

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967.

Gnatcatcher,
coastal California

Polioptila californica californica

Wherever found

T

58 FR 16742,
3/30/1993; 50 CFR
17.41(b); 4d 50 CFR
17.95(b).CH

Goose, Hawaiian

Branta (=Nesochen)
sandvicensis

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967.

Goshawk,
Christmas Island

Accipiter fasciatus natalis

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Goshawk, Queen
Charlotte [British
Columbia DPS]

Accipiter gentilis laingi

British Columbia, Canada

T

77 FR 45870, 8/1/2012.

Grackle, slenderbilled

Quisicalus palustris

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Grasswren,
Eyrean
(flycatcher)

Amytornis goyderi

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Grebe, Alaotra

Tachybaptus rufoflavatus

Wherever found

E

60 FR 2899, 1/12/1995.

Grebe, Atitlan

Podilymbus gigas

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Grebe, Junín

Podiceps taczanowskii

Wherever found

E

77 FR 43434, 7/24/2012.

Greenshank,
Nordmann's

Tringa guttifer

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Ground-cuckoo,
southeastern
rufous-vented

Neomorphus geoffroyi dulcis

Wherever found

E

75 FR 81794,
12/28/2010.

Ground-dove,
friendly (=
tuaimeo)
(American Samoa
DPS)

Gallicolumba stairi

U.S.A. (AS)

E

81 FR 65466, 9/22/2016.

Guan, cauca

Penelope perspicax

Wherever found

E

78 FR 64637,
10/29/2013.

Guan, horned

Oreophasis derbianus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Guan, whitewinged

Penelope albipennis

Wherever found

E

55 FR 39858, 9/28/1990.

Guineafowl,
white-breasted

Agelastes meleagrides

Wherever found

T

60 FR 2899, 1/12/1995.

Gull, Audouin's

Larus audouinii

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Gull, relict

Larus relictus

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Hawk, Galapagos

Buteo galapagoensis

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Hawk, Hawaiian

Buteo solitarius

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967.

Hawk, Puerto
Rican broadwinged

Buteo platypterus brunnescens

Wherever found

E

59 FR 46710, 9/9/1994.

Hawk, Puerto
Rican sharpshinned

Accipiter striatus venator

Wherever found

E

59 FR 46710, 9/9/1994.

Hermit, hookbilled
(hummingbird)

Ramphodon (=Glaucis) dohrnii

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Hermit,
Margaretta's

Phaethornis malaris margarettae

Wherever found

E

75 FR 81794,
12/28/2010.

Honeycreeper,
crested
(Akohekohe)

Palmeria dolei

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001,
3/11/1967; 50 CFR
17.95(b).CH

Honeyeater,
helmeted

Lichenostomus melanops
cassidix (=Meliphaga c.)

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319, 12/2/1970.

Hornbill, helmeted

Buceros (=Rhinoplax) vigil

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Hummingbird,
Honduran
emerald

Amazilia luciae

Wherever found

E

80 FR 45086, 7/29/2015.

Ibis, giant

Pseudibis gigantea

Wherever found

E

73 FR 3146, 1/16/2008.

Ibis, Japanese
crested

Nipponia nippon

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Ibis, northern bald

Geronticus eremita

Wherever found

E

55 FR 39858, 9/28/1990.

Iiwi
(honeycreeper)

Drepanis coccinea

Wherever found

T

82 FR 43873, 9/20/2017.

Kagu

Rhynochetos jubatus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Kakapo

Strigops habroptilus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Kestrel, Mauritius

Falco punctatus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Kestrel,
Seychelles

Falco araea

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Kingfisher, Guam
Micronesian

Halcyon cinnamomina
cinnamomina

Wherever found

E

49 FR 33881,
8/27/1984; 69 FR 62943,
10/28/2004; 50 CFR
17.95(b).CH

Kite, Cuba hookbilled

Chondrohierax uncinatus wilsonii

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Kite, Grenada
hook-billed

Chondrohierax uncinatus mirus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Kite, snail
(Everglade)

Rostrhamus sociabilis plumbeus

U.S.A. (FL)

E

32 FR 4001,
3/11/1967; 50 CFR
17.95(b).CH

Knot, rufa red

Calidris canutus rufa

Wherever found

T

79 FR 73705,
12/11/2014.

Kokako
(wattlebird)

Callaeas cinerea

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Lark, Raso

Alauda razae

Wherever found

E

60 FR 2899, 1/12/1995.

Lark, streaked
horned

Eremophila alpestris strigata

Wherever found

T

78 FR 61451,
10/3/2013; 50 CFR
17.41(a); 4d 50 CFR
17.95(b).CH

Macaw, bluethroated

Ara glaucogularis

Wherever found

E

78 FR 61208, 10/3/2013.

Macaw, glaucous

Anodorhynchus glaucus

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Macaw, great
green

Ara ambiguus

Wherever found

E

80 FR 59975, 10/2/2015.

Macaw, hyacinth

Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus

Wherever found

T

83 FR 39894, 8/13/2018;
50 CFR 17.41(c) 4d.

Macaw, indigo

Anodorhynchus leari

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Macaw, little blue

Cyanopsitta spixii

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Macaw, military

Ara militaris

Wherever found

E

80 FR 59975, 10/2/2015.

Macaw, scarlet

Ara macao cyanoptera

Wherever found

E

84 FR 6278, 2/26/2019.

Macaw, scarlet
[Northern DPS]

Ara macao macao

Colombia (northwest of the Andes), Costa Rica
(Pacific slope), Panama (mainland)

T

84 FR 6278, 2/26/2019;
50 CFR 17.41(c).4d

Macaw, scarlet
[Southern DPS]

Ara macao macao

Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia (southeast of the Andes),
Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname,
Venezuela

T(S/A)

84 FR 6278, 2/26/2019;
50 CFR 17.41(c).4d

Macaw, scarlet
[Subspecies
crosses]

Ara macao macao X Ara macao
cyanoptera

Costa Rica, Nicaragua (Atlantic slope border region)

T(S/A)

84 FR 6278, 2/26/2019;
50 CFR 17.41(c).4d

Magpie-robin,
Seychelles
(thrush)

Copsychus sechellarum

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Malimbe, Ibadan

Malimbus ibadanensis

Wherever found

E

60 FR 2899, 1/12/1995.

Malkoha, redfaced (cuckoo)

Phaenicophaeus pyrrhocephalus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Mao (= maomao)
(honeyeater)

Gymnomyza samoensis

Wherever found

E

81 FR 65466, 9/22/2016.

Megapode, Maleo

Macrocephalon maleo

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Megapode,
Micronesian (=La
Perouse's)

Megapodius laperouse

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Merganser,
Brazilian

Mergus octosetaceus

Wherever found

E

75 FR 81794,
12/28/2010.

Millerbird, Nihoa
(old world
warbler)

Acrocephalus familiaris kingi

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967.

Mockingbird,
Socorro

Mimus Graysoni

Wherever found

E

73 FR 3146, 1/16/2008.

Gallinula chloropus guami

Wherever found

E

49 FR 33881, 8/27/1984.

Moorhen, Mariana
common

Murrelet, marbled
[CA, OR, WA
DPS]

Brachyramphus marmoratus

U.S.A. (CA, OR, WA)

T

57 FR 45337,
10/1/1992; 50 CFR
17.95(b).CH

Nightjar, Puerto
Rican

Caprimulgus noctitherus

Wherever found

E

38 FR 14678, 6/4/1973.

Nukupuu, Kauai

Hemignathus hanapepe

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001,
3/11/1967; 35 FR 16047,
10/13/1970.

Nukupuu, Maui

Hemignathus affinis

Wherever found

E

35 FR 16047,
10/13/1970.

Nuthatch,
Algerian

Sitta ledanti

Wherever found

E

60 FR 2899, 1/12/1995.

`O`o, Kauai
(honeyeater)

Moho braccatus

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967.

Ostrich, Arabian

Struthio camelus syriacus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Ostrich, West
African

Struthio camelus spatzi

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

`O`u
(honeycreeper)

Psittirostra psittacea

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967.

Owl, Anjouan
scops

Otus rutilus capnodes

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Owl, giant scops

Mimizuku (=Otus) gurneyi

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Owl, Madagascar
red

Tyto soumagnei

Wherever found

E

55 FR 39858, 9/28/1990.

Owl, Mexican
spotted

Strix occidentalis lucida

Wherever found

T

58 FR 14248,
3/16/1993; 50 CFR
17.95(b).CH

Owl, northern
spotted

Strix occidentalis caurina

Wherever found

T

55 FR 26114,
6/26/1990; 50 CFR
17.95(b).CH

Owl, Seychelles
scops

Otus magicus (=insularis)
insularis

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Owlet, Morden's

Otus ireneae

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Oystercatcher,
Canarian black

Haematopus meadewaldoi

Wherever found

E

60 FR 2899, 1/12/1995.

Palila
(honeycreeper)

Loxioides bailleui

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001,
3/11/1967; 50 CFR
17.95(b).CH

Paradiseflycatcher,
caerulean

Eutrichomyias rowleyi

Wherever found

E

73 FR 3146, 1/16/2008.

Parakeet, bluethroated (=ochremarked)

Pyrrhura cruentata

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Parakeet, Forbes'

Cyanoramphus auriceps forbesi

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Parakeet, golden

Aratinga guarouba

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Parakeet, goldenshouldered

Psephotus chrysopterygius

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Parakeet,
Mauritius

Psittacula echo

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Parakeet, Norfolk
Island

Cyanoramphus cookii
(=novaezelandiae c.)

Wherever found

E

55 FR 39858, 9/28/1990.

Parakeet, orangebellied

Neophema chrysogaster

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319, 12/2/1970.

Psephotus pulcherrimus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319, 12/2/1970.

Parakeet,
paradise

Parrot, Bahaman
or Cuban

Amazona leucocephala

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970; 41
FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Parrot, ground

Pezoporus wallicus

Wherever found

E

38 FR 14678, 6/4/1973.

Parrot, imperial

Amazona imperialis

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Parrot, night
(=Australian)

Geopsittacus occidentalis

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Parrot, Puerto
Rican

Amazona vittata

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967.

Parrot, redbrowed

Amazona rhodocorytha

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Parrot, redcapped

Pionopsitta pileata

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Parrot, rednecked

Amazona arausiaca

Wherever found

E

44 FR 37124, 6/25/1979.

Parrot, redspectacled

Amazona pretrei pretrei

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Parrot, red-tailed

Amazona brasiliensis

Wherever found

E

55 FR 39858, 9/28/1990.

Parrot, Seychelles
lesser vasa

Coracopsis nigra barklyi

Wherever found

E

60 FR 2899, 1/12/1995.

Parrot, St. Vincent

Amazona guildingii

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Parrot, St. Lucia

Amazona versicolor

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Parrot, thick-billed

Rhynchopsitta pachyrhyncha

Mexico

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Parrot, vinaceousbreasted

Amazona vinacea

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Parrot, yellowbilled

Amazona collaria

Wherever found

T

78 FR 15624,
3/12/2013; 50 CFR
17.41(c).4d

Parrotbill, Maui
(Kiwikiu)

Pseudonestor xanthophrys

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001,
3/11/1967; 50 CFR
17.95(b).CH

Penguin, African

Spheniscus demersus

Wherever found

E

75 FR 59645, 9/28/2010.

Penguin, erectcrested

Eudyptes sclateri

Wherever found

T

75 FR 45497, 8/3/2010.

Penguin,
Fiordland crested

Eudyptes pachyrhynchus

Wherever found

T

75 FR 45497, 8/3/2010.

Penguin,
Galapagos

Spheniscus mendiculus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Penguin,
Humboldt

Spheniscus humboldti

Wherever found

T

75 FR 45497, 8/3/2010.

Penguin, southern
rockhopper [New
Zealand-Australia
DPS]

Eudyptes chrysocome

New Zealand-Australia DPS, associated with the
Campbell Plateau and Macquarie Island

T

76 FR 9681, 2/22/2011.

Penguin, whiteflippered

Eudyptula minor albosignata

Wherever found

T

75 FR 45497, 8/3/2010.

Penguin, yelloweyed

Megadyptes antipodes

Wherever found

T

75 FR 45497, 8/3/2010.

Petrel, Chatham

Pterodroma axillaris

Wherever found

E

74 FR 46914, 9/14/2009.

Petrel, Fiji

Pseudobulweria macgillivrayi

Wherever found

E

74 FR 46914, 9/14/2009.

Petrel, Galapagos

Pterodroma phaeopygia

Wherever found

T

75 FR 235, 1/5/2010.

Petrel, Hawaiian

Pterodroma sandwichensis

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967.

Petrel, Madeira

Pterodroma madeira

Wherever found

E

60 FR 2899, 1/12/1995.

Petrel, magenta

Pterodroma magentae

Wherever found

E

74 FR 46914, 9/14/2009.

Petrel, Mascarene
black

Pterodroma aterrima

Wherever found

E

60 FR 2899, 1/12/1995.

Pheasant, bartailed

Syrmaticus humaie

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Pheasant, Blyth's
tragopan

Tragopan blythii

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Pheasant, brown
eared

Crossoptilon mantchuricum

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Pheasant, Cabot's
tragopan

Tragopan caboti

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Pheasant, cheer

Catreus wallichii

Wherever found

E

55 FR 39858, 9/28/1990.

Pheasant,
Chinese monal

Lophophorus lhuysii

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Pheasant,
Edward's

Lophura edwardsi

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Pheasant, Elliot's

Syrmaticus ellioti

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Pheasant,
imperial

Lophura imperialis

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Pheasant, Mikado

Syrmaticus mikado

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Pheasant,
Palawan peacock

Polyplectron emphanum

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Pheasant,
Sclater's monal

Lophophorus sclateri

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Pheasant,
Swinhoe's

Lophura swinhoii

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Pheasant,
western tragopan

Tragopan melanocephalus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Pheasant, white
eared

Crossoptilon crossoptilon

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319, 12/2/1970.

Pigeon, Azores
wood

Columba palumbus azorica

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Pigeon, Chatham
Island

Hemiphaga novaeseelandiae
chathamensis

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Pigeon,
Marquesan
imperial

Ducula galeata

Wherever found

E

76 FR 50052, 8/11/2011.

Pigeon, Mindoro
imperial (=zonetailed)

Ducula mindorensis

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Pigeon, pink

Columba mayeri

Wherever found

E

60 FR 2899, 1/12/1995.

Pigeon, Puerto
Rican plain

Columba inornata wetmorei

Wherever found

E

35 FR 16047,
10/13/1970.

Pigeon, whitetailed laurel

Columba junoniae

Wherever found

T

60 FR 2899, 1/12/1995.

Piping-guan,
black-fronted

Pipile jacutinga

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Pitta, Gurney's

Pitta gurneyi

Wherever found

E

73 FR 3146, 1/16/2008.

Pitta, Koch's

Pitta kochi

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Plantcutter,
Peruvian

Phytotoma raimondii

Wherever found

E

77 FR 43434, 7/24/2012.

Plover, New
Zealand shore

Thinornis novaeseelandiae

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Charadrius melodus

Great Lakes, watershed in States of IL, IN, MI, MN,
NY, OH, PA, and WI and Canada (Ont.)

E

50 FR 50726,
12/11/1985; 50 CFR

Plover, piping
[Great Lakes

watershed DPS]

17.95(b).CH

Plover, piping
[Atlantic Coast
and Northern
Great Plains
populations]

Charadrius melodus

Wherever found, except those areas where listed as
endangered

T

50 FR 50726,
12/11/1985; 50 CFR
17.95(b).CH

Plover, western
snowy [Pacific
Coast population
DPS]

Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus

Pacific Coast population DPS—U.S.A. (CA, OR, WA),
Mexico (within 50 miles of Pacific coast)

T

58 FR 12864,
3/5/1993; 50 CFR
17.95(b).CH

Pochard,
Madagascar

Aythya innotata

Wherever found

E

60 FR 2899, 1/12/1995.

Po`ouli
(honeycreeper)

Melamprosops phaeosoma

Wherever found

E

40 FR 44149, 9/25/1975.

Prairie-chicken,
Attwater's greater

Tympanuchus cupido attwateri

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967.

Puffleg, blackbreasted

Eriocnemis nigrivestis

Wherever found

E

75 FR 43844, 7/27/2010.

Quail, Merriam's
Montezuma

Cyrtonyx montezumae merriami

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Quetzel,
resplendent

Pharomachrus mocinno

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Rail, Aukland
Island

Rallus pectoralis muelleri

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Rail, California
clapper

Rallus longirostris obsoletus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 16047,
10/13/1970.

Rail, Guam

Rallus owstoni

Wherever found, except where listed as an
experimental population

E

49 FR 14354,
4/11/1984; 49 FR 33881,
8/27/1984; 54 FR 43966,
10/30/1989.

Rail, Guam

Rallus owstoni

Rota

XN

54 FR 43966,
10/30/1989; 50 CFR
17.84(f).10j

Rail, Junín

Laterallus tuerosi

Wherever found

E

77 FR 43434, 7/24/2012.

Rail, light-footed
clapper

Rallus longirostris levipes

U.S.A. only

E

34 FR 5034, 3/8/1969; 35
FR 16047, 10/13/1970.

Rail, Lord Howe
wood

Gallirallus (=Tricholimnas)
sylvestris

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Rail, Yuma
clapper

Rallus longirostris yumanensis

U.S.A. only

E

32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967.

Rhea, lesser (incl.
Darwin's)

Rhea (=Pterocnemia) pennata

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Robin, Chatham
Island

Petroica traversi

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Robin, dappled
mountain

Arcanator orostruthus

Wherever found

T

60 FR 2899, 1/12/1995.

Robin, scarletbreasted
(flycatcher)

Petroica multicolor multicolor

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Rockfowl, greynecked

Picathartes oreas

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Rockfowl, whitenecked

Picathartes gymnocephalus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Roller, long-tailed
ground

Uratelornis chimaera

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Sage-grouse,
Gunnison

Centrocercus minimus

Wherever found

T

79 FR 69191,
11/20/2014; 50 CFR
17.95(b).CH

Scrub-bird, noisy

Atrichornis clamosus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Scrub-jay, Florida

Aphelocoma coerulescens

Wherever found

T

52 FR 20715, 6/3/1987.

Shama, Cebu
black (thrush)

Copsychus niger cebuensis

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Shearwater,
Heinroth's

Puffinus heinrothi

Wherever found

T

75 FR 235, 1/5/2010.

Shearwater,
Newell's
Townsend's

Puffinus auricularis newelli

Wherever found

T

40 FR 44149, 9/25/1975.

Shrike, San
Clemente
loggerhead

Lanius ludovicianus mearnsi

Wherever found

E

42 FR 40682, 8/11/1977.

Siskin, red

Carduelis cucullata

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Sparrow, Cape
Sable seaside

Ammodramus maritimus
mirabilis

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001,
3/11/1967; 50 CFR
17.95(b).CH

Sparrow, Florida
grasshopper

Ammodramus savannarum
floridanus

Wherever found

E

51 FR 27492, 7/31/1986.

Sparrow, San
Clemente sage

Amphispiza belli clementeae

Wherever found

T

42 FR 40682, 8/11/1977.

Sparrowhawk,
Anjouan Island

Accipiter francesii pusillus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Starling, Ponape
mountain

Aplonis pelzelni

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Starling,
Rothschild's
(myna)

Leucopsar rothschildi

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Stilt, black

Himantopus novaezelandiae

Wherever found

E

73 FR 3146, 1/16/2008.

Stilt, Hawaiian

Himantopus mexicanus
(=himantopus) knudseni

Wherever found

E

35 FR 16047,
10/13/1970.

Stork, oriental
white

Ciconia boyciana (=ciconia b.)

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Stork, wood
[Southeast U.S.
DPS]

Mycteria americana

U.S.A. (AL, FL, GA, MS, NC, SC)

T

49 FR 7332,
2/28/1984; 79 FR 37077,
6/30/2014.

Storm-petrel,
band-rumped
(Hawaii DPS)

Oceanodroma castro

U.S.A. (HI)

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Sunbird, Marungu

Nectarinia prigoginei

Wherever found

E

60 FR 2899, 1/12/1995.

Swiftlet, Mariana
gray

Aerodramus vanikorensis
bartschi

Wherever found

E

49 FR 33881, 8/27/1984.

Tanager, cherrythroated

Nemosia rourei

Wherever found

E

75 FR 81794,
12/28/2010.

Teal, Campbell
Island flightless

Anas aucklandica nesiotis

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Tern, California
least

Sterna antillarum browni

Wherever found

E

35 FR 16047,
10/13/1970; 35 FR 8491,
6/2/1970.

Tern, least
[Interior DPS]

Sterna antillarum

U.S.A. (AR, CO, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA—Miss. R. and
tribs. N of Baton Rouge, MS—Miss. R., MO, MT, ND,
NE, NM, OK, SD, TN, TX—except within 50 miles of
coast)

E

50 FR 21784, 5/28/1985.

Tern, roseate
[Northeast U.S.
nesting population
DPS]

Sterna dougallii dougallii

U.S.A. (Atlantic Coast south to NC), Canada (Newf.,
N.S, Que.), Bermuda

E

52 FR 42064, 11/2/1987.

T

52 FR 42064, 11/2/1987.

Tern, roseate
[Western

Sterna dougallii dougallii

Western Hemisphere and adjacent oceans, incl. U.S.A.
(FL, PR, VI), where not listed as endangered

Hemisphere DPS]
Thicketbird, longlegged

Trichocichla rufa

Wherever found

E

73 FR 3146, 1/16/2008.

Thrasher, whitebreasted

Ramphocinclus brachyurus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Thrush, large
Kauai

Myadestes myadestinus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 16047,
10/13/1970.

Thrush, Molokai

Myadestes lanaiensis rutha

Wherever found

E

35 FR 16047,
10/13/1970.

Thrush, New
Zealand
(wattlebird)

Turnagra capensis

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Thrush, small
Kauai

Myadestes palmeri

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967.

Thrush, St. Lucia
forest

Cichlherminia lherminieri
sanctaeluciae

Wherever found

E

75 FR 50814, 8/17/2010.

Thrush, Taita

Turdus olivaceous helleri

Wherever found

E

60 FR 2899, 1/12/1995.

Tinamou, solitary

Tinamus solitarius

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Tit-spinetail,
white-browed

Leptasthenura xenothorax

Wherever found

E

77 FR 43434, 7/24/2012.

Tit-tyrant, ashbreasted

Anairetes alpinus

Wherever found

E

77 FR 43434, 7/24/2012.

Tody-tyrant,
Kaempfer's

Hemitriccus kaempferi

Wherever found

E

75 FR 81794,
12/28/2010.

Towhee, Inyo
California

Pipilo crissalis eremophilus

Wherever found

T

52 FR 28780,
8/3/1987; 50 CFR
17.95(b).CH

Tree-finch,
medium

Camarhynchus pauper

Wherever found

E

75 FR 43853, 7/27/2010.

Trembler,
Martinique
(thrasher)

Cinclocerthia ruficauda gutturalis

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Turaco,
Bannerman's

Tauraco bannermani

Wherever found

E

60 FR 2899, 1/12/1995.

Turtle-dove,
Seychelles

Streptopelia picturata rostrata

Wherever found

E

60 FR 2899, 1/12/1995.

Vanga, Pollen's

Xenopirostris polleni

Wherever found

T

60 FR 2899, 1/12/1995.

Vanga, Van Dam's

Xenopirostris damii

Wherever found

T

60 FR 2899, 1/12/1995.

Vireo, least Bell's

Vireo bellii pusillus

Wherever found

E

51 FR 16474,
5/2/1986; 50 CFR
17.95(b).CH

Wanderer, plain
(collaredhemipode)

Pedionomous torquatus

Wherever found

E

38 FR 14678, 6/4/1973.

Warbler, Aldabra
(old world
warbler)

Nesillas aldabranus

Wherever found

E

60 FR 2899, 1/12/1995.

Warbler (wood),
Bachman's

Vermivora bachmanii

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001,
3/11/1967; 35 FR 8491,
6/2/1970.

Warbler (wood),
Barbados yellow

Dendroica petechia petechia

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Warbler, elfinwoods

Setophaga angelae

Wherever found

T

81 FR 40534,
6/22/2016; 50 CFR
17.41(e).4d

Dendroica chrysoparia

Wherever found

E

Warbler (wood),
golden-cheeked

55 FR 18844,
5/4/1990; 55 FR 53153,

12/27/1990.
Warbler (wood),
Kirtland's

Dendroica kirtlandii

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001,
3/11/1967; 35 FR 8491,
6/2/1970.

Warbler, Eiao
Marquesas reed-

Acrocephalus percernis aquilonis

Wherever found

E

76 FR 50052, 8/11/2011.

Warbler,
nightingale reed,
(old world
warbler)

Acrocephalus luscinia

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970; 35
FR 18319, 12/2/1970.

Warbler,
Rodrigues (old
world warbler)

Bebrornis rodericanus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Warbler (wood),
Semper's

Leucopeza semperi

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Warbler,
Seychelles (old
world warbler)

Bebrornis sechellensis

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Wattle-eye,
banded

Platysteira laticincta

Wherever found

E

60 FR 2899, 1/12/1995.

Weaver, Clarke's

Ploceus golandi

Wherever found

E

60 FR 2899, 1/12/1995.

Whipbird, western

Psophodes nigrogularis

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

White-eye, bridled

Zosterops conspicillatus
conspicillatus

Wherever found

E

49 FR 33881, 8/27/1984.

White-eye,
Norfolk Island

Zosterops albogularis

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

White-eye,
Ponape greater

Rukia longirostra

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

White-eye, Rota
bridled

Zosterops rotensis

Wherever found

E

69 FR 3022,
1/22/2004; 50 CFR
17.95(b).CH

White-eye,
Seychelles

Zosterops modesta

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Woodpecker,
imperial

Campephilus imperialis

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Woodpecker,
ivory-billed

Campephilus principalis

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001,
3/11/1967; 35 FR 8491,
6/2/1970.

Woodpecker, redcockaded

Picoides borealis

Wherever found

E

35 FR 16047,
10/13/1970.

Woodpecker,
Tristam's

Dryocopus javensis richardsi

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Wood-quail,
gorgeted

Odontophorus strophium

Wherever found

E

78 FR 64637,
10/29/2013.

Woodstar, Chilean

Eulidia yarrellii

Wherever found

E

75 FR 50814, 8/17/2010.

Woodstar,
Esmeraldas

Chaetocercus berlepschi

Wherever found

E

78 FR 64637,
10/29/2013.

Wren,
Guadeloupe
house

Troglodytes aedon
guadeloupensis

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Wren, St. Lucia
house

Troglodytes aedon mesoleucus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Alligator mississippiensis

Wherever found

T(S/A)

32 FR 4001,
3/11/1967; 40 FR 44412,
9/26/1975; 42 FR 2071,
1/10/1977; 44 FR 37130,
6/25/1979; 44 FR 59080,

Reptiles
Alligator,
American

10/12/1979; 46 FR
40664, 8/10/1981; 48 FR
46332, 10/12/1983; 50
FR 25672, 6/20/1985; 52
FR 21059, 6/4/1987; 50
CFR 17.42(a).4d
Alligator, Chinese

Alligator sinensis

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Anole, Culebra
Island giant

Anolis roosevelti

Wherever found

E

42 FR 37371,
7/21/1977; 50 CFR
17.95(c).CH

Boa, Jamaican

Epicrates subflavus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Boa, Mona

Epicrates monensis monensis

Wherever found

T

43 FR 4618, 2/3/1978; 50
CFR 17.95(c).CH

Boa, Puerto Rican

Epicrates inornatus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 16047,
10/13/1970.

Boa, Round
Island (unnamed)

Bolyeria multocarinata

Wherever found

E

45 FR 18009, 3/20/1980.

Boa, Round
Island (unnamed)

Casarea dussumieri

Wherever found

E

45 FR 18009, 3/20/1980.

Boa, Virgin
Islands tree

Epicrates monensis granti

Wherever found

E

35 FR 16047,
10/13/1970; 44 FR
70677, 12/7/1979.

Caiman, Apaporis
River

Caiman crocodilus apaporiensis

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Caiman, black

Melanosuchus niger

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Caiman, broadsnouted [Bolivia,
Brazil, Paraguay,
Uruguay DPS]

Caiman latirostris

Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Caiman, broadsnouted
[Argentina DPS]

Caiman latirostris

Argentina

T

78 FR 38162,
6/25/2013; 50 CFR
17.42(c).4d

Caiman, brown

Caiman crocodilus
fuscus (includes Caiman
crocodilus chiapasius )

Wherever found

T(S/A)

65 FR 25867,
5/4/2000; 50 CFR
17.42(c).4d

Caiman, common

Caiman crocodilus crocodilus

Wherever found

T(S/A)

65 FR 25867,
5/4/2000; 50 CFR
17.42(c).4d

Caiman, yacare

Caiman yacare

Wherever found

T

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970; 65
FR 25867, 5/4/2000; 50
CFR 17.42(c).4d

Chuckwalla, San
Esteban Island

Sauromalus varius

Wherever found

E

45 FR 18009, 3/20/1980.

Crocodile, African
dwarf

Osteolaemus tetraspis tetraspis

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Crocodile, African
slender-snouted

Crocodylus cataphractus

Wherever found

E

37 FR 6476, 3/30/1972.

Crocodile,
American [NonU.S. populations]

Crocodylus acutus

Wherever found, except in U.S.A. (FL)

E

40 FR 44149,
9/25/1975; 44 FR 75074,
12/18/1979; 72 FR
13027, 3/20/2007.

Crocodile,
American [FL
DPS]

Crocodylus acutus

U.S.A. (FL)

T

40 FR 44149,
9/25/1975; 72 FR 13027,
3/20/2007; 50 CFR
17.95(c).CH

Crocodile, Ceylon
mugger

Crocodylus palustris kimbula

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Crocodile, Congo
dwarf

Osteolaemus tetraspis osborni

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Crocodile, Cuban

Crocodylus rhombifer

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Crocodile,
mugger

Crocodylus palustris palustris

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Crocodile, Nile

Crocodylus niloticus

Wherever found

T

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970; 52
FR 23148, 6/17/1987; 53
FR 38451, 9/30/1988; 58
FR 49870, 9/23/1993; 61
FR 32356, 6/24/1996; 50
CFR 17.42(c).4d

Crocodile,
Orinoco

Crocodylus intermedius

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Crocodile,
Philippine

Crocodylus novaeguineae
mindorensis

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Crocodile,
saltwater [All
populations
except Papua
New Guinea and
Australia]

Crocodylus porosus

Wherever found, except Papua New Guinea and
Australia

E

44 FR 75074,
12/18/1979; 61 FR
32356, 6/24/1996.

Crocodile,
saltwater
[Australia DPS]

Crocodylus porosus

Australia

T

44 FR 75074,
12/18/1979; 61 FR
32356, 6/24/1996; 50
CFR 17.42(c).4d

Crocodile,
Siamese

Crocodylus siamensis

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/4/1976.

Gartersnake,
narrow-headed

Thamnophis rufipunctatus

Wherever found

T

79 FR 38677, 7/8/2014.

Gartersnake,
northern Mexican

Thamnophis eques megalops

Wherever found

T

79 FR 38677,
7/8/2014; 50 CFR
17.42(g).4d

Gavial

Gavialis gangeticus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Gecko, day

Phelsuma edwardnewtoni

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Gecko, Monito

Sphaerodactylus micropithecus

Wherever found

E

47 FR 46090,
10/15/1982; 50 CFR
17.95(c).CH

Gecko, Round
Island day

Phelsuma guentheri

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Gecko, Serpent
Island

Cyrtodactylus serpensinsula

Wherever found

T

48 FR 28460, 6/22/1983.

Iguana, Acklins
ground

Cyclura rileyi nuchalis

Wherever found

T

48 FR 28460, 6/22/1983.

Iguana, Allen's
Cay

Cyclura cychlura inornata

Wherever found

T

48 FR 28460, 6/22/1983.

Iguana, Andros
Island ground

Cyclura cychlura cychlura

Wherever found

T

48 FR 28460, 6/22/1983.

Iguana, Anegada
ground

Cyclura pinguis

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Iguana,
Barrington land

Conolophus pallidus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Iguana, Cayman
Brac ground

Cyclura nubila caymanensis

Wherever found

T

48 FR 28460, 6/22/1983.

Iguana, Cuban
ground

Cyclura nubila nubila

Wherever found (exluding population introduced in
Puerto Rico)

T

48 FR 28460, 6/22/1983.

Iguana, Exuma
Island

Cyclura cychlura figginsi

Wherever found

T

48 FR 28460, 6/22/1983.

Iguana, Fiji
banded

Brachylophus fasciatus

Wherever found

E

45 FR 18009, 3/20/1980.

Iguana, Fiji
crested

Brachylophus vitiensis

Wherever found

E

45 FR 18009, 3/20/1980.

Iguana, Grand
Cayman blue

Cyclura lewisi

Wherever found

E

48 FR 28460, 6/22/1983.

Iguana, Jamaican

Cyclura collei

Wherever found

E

48 FR 28460, 6/22/1983.

Iguana,
Mayaguana

Cyclura carinata bartschi

Wherever found

T

48 FR 28460, 6/22/1983.

Iguana, Mona
ground

Cyclura stejnegeri

Wherever found

T

43 FR 4618, 2/3/1978; 50
CFR 17.95(c).CH

Iguana, Turks and
Caicos

Cyclura carinata carinata

Wherever found

T

48 FR 28460, 6/22/1983.

Iguana, Watling
Island ground

Cyclura rileyi rileyi

Wherever found

E

48 FR 28460, 6/22/1983.

Iguana, White
Cay ground

Cyclura rileyi cristata

Wherever found

T

48 FR 28460, 6/22/1983.

Lizard, bluntnosed leopard

Gambelia silus

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967.

Lizard, Coachella
Valley fringe-toed

Uma inornata

Wherever found

T

45 FR 63812,
9/25/1980; 50 CFR
17.95(c).CH

Lizard, Hierro
giant

Gallotia simonyi simonyi

Wherever found

E

49 FR 7394, 2/29/1984.

Lizard, Ibiza wall

Podarcis pityusensis

Wherever found

T

49 FR 7394, 2/29/1984.

Lizard, Maria
Island ground

Cnemidophorus vanzoi

Wherever found

E

56 FR 49469, 9/30/1991.

Lizard, St. Croix
ground

Ameiva polops

Wherever found

E

42 FR 28543,
6/3/1977; 50 CFR
17.95(c).CH

Monitor, desert

Varanus griseus

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Monitor, Indian
(=Bengal)

Varanus bengalensis

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Monitor, Komodo
Island

Varanus komodoensis

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Monitor, yellow

Varanus flavescens

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Pinesnake, black

Pituophis melanoleucus lodingi

Wherever found

T

80 FR 60467,
10/6/2015; 50 CFR
17.42(h).4d

Pinesnake,
Louisiana

Pituophis ruthveni

Wherever found

T

83 FR 14958, April 6,
2018.

Python, Indian

Python molurus molurus

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Rattlesnake,
Aruba Island

Crotalus unicolor

Wherever found

T

48 FR 28460, 6/22/1983.

Rattlesnake,
eastern
massasauga

Sistrurus catenatus

Wherever found

T

81 FR 67193, 9/30/2016.

Rattlesnake, New
Mexican ridgenosed

Crotalus willardi obscurus

Wherever found

T

43 FR 34476,
8/4/1978; 50 CFR
17.95(c).CH

Sea snake, dusky

Aipysurus fuscus

Wherever found

E

80 FR 60560, 10/7/2015; 
N 81 FR 76311,
11/2/2016.

Chelonia mydas

Green sea turtles originating from the Central North
Pacific Ocean, bounded by the following coordinates:
41° N., 169° E. in the northwest; 41° N., 143° W. in the
northeast; 9° N., 125° W. in the southeast; and 9° N.,
175° W. in the southwest Pacific coast of Mexico

T

81 FR 20057, 4/6/2016; 
J 50 CFR 223.205; 50
CFR 223.206; 50 CFR
223.207.

Sea turtle, green
[Central North
Pacific DPS]
Sea turtle, green
[Central South
Pacific DPS]

Chelonia mydas

Green sea turtles originating from the Central South
Pacific Ocean, bounded by the following coordinates:
9° N., 175° W. in the northwest; 9° N., 125° W. in the

E

81 FR 20057, 4/6/2016; 
J 50 CFR 224.104.

northeast; 40° S., 96° W. in the southeast; 40° S., 176°
E. in the southwest; and 13° S., 171° E. in the west

Chelonia mydas

Green sea turtles originating from the Central West
Pacific Ocean, bounded by the following coordinates:
41° N., 146° E. in the northwest; 41° N., 169° E. in the
northeast; 9° N., 175° W. in the east; 13° S., 171° E. in
the southeast; along the northern coast of the island of
New Guinea; and 4.5° N., 129° E. in the west

Chelonia mydas

Green sea turtles originating from the Eastern Indian
and Western Pacific Oceans, bounded by the following
lines and coordinates: 41° N. Lat. in the north, 41° N.,
146° E. in the northeast; 4.5° N., 129° E. in the
southeast; along the southern coast of the island of
New Guinea; along the western coast of Australia
(west of 142° E. Long.); 40° S. Lat. in the south; and
84° E. Long. in the east

Sea turtle, green
[East Pacific DPS]

Sea turtle, green
[Mediterranean
DPS]

Sea turtle, green
[Central West
Pacific DPS]

Sea turtle, green
[East Indian—
West Pacific DPS]

Sea turtle, green
[North Atlantic
DPS]

Sea turtle, green
[North Indian
DPS]

Sea turtle, green
[South Atlantic
DPS]

Sea turtle, green
[Southwest Indian
DPS]

Sea turtle, green
[Southwest
Pacific DPS]

E

81 FR 20057, 4/6/2016; 
J 50 CFR 224.104.

T

81 FR 20057, 4/6/2016; 
J 50 CFR 17.42(b); 4d 50
CFR 223.205; 50 CFR
223.206; 50 CFR
223.207.

Chelonia mydas

Green sea turtles originating from the East Pacific
Ocean, bounded by the following lines and
coordinates: 41° N., 143° W. in the northwest; 41° N.
Lat. in the north; along the western coasts of the
Americas; 40° S. Lat. in the south; and 40° S., 96° W.
in the southwest

T

81 FR 20057, 4/6/2016; 
J 50 CFR 17.42(b); 4d 50
CFR 223.205; 50 CFR
223.206; 50 CFR
223.207.

Chelonia mydas

Green sea turtles originating from the Mediterranean
Sea, bounded by 5.5° W. Long. in the west

E

81 FR 20057, 4/6/2016; 
J 50 CFR 224.104.

Chelonia mydas

Green sea turtles originating from the North Atlantic
Ocean, bounded by the following lines and
coordinates: 48° N. Lat. in the north, along the western
coasts of Europe and Africa (west of 5.5° W. Long.);
north of 19° N. Lat. in the east; bounded by 19° N.,
65.1° W. to 14° N., 65.1° W. then 14° N., 77° W. in the
south and west; and along the eastern coasts of the
Americas (north of 7.5° N., 77° W.)

T

81 FR 20057, 4/6/2016; 
J 50 CFR 17.42(b); 4d 50
CFR 223.205; 50 CFR
223.206; 50 CFR
223.207.

Chelonia mydas

Green sea turtles originating from the North Indian
Ocean, bounded by: Africa and Asia in the west and
north; 84° E. Long. in the east; and the equator in the
south

T

81 FR 20057, 4/6/2016; 
J 50 CFR 17.42(b); 4d 50
CFR 223.205; 50 CFR
223.206; 50 CFR
223.207.

Chelonia mydas

Green sea turtles originating from the South Atlantic
Ocean, bounded by the following lines and
coordinates: along the northern and eastern coasts of
South America (east of 7.5° N., 77° W.); 14° N., 77° W.
to 14° N., 65.1° W. to 19° N., 65.1° W. in the north and
west; 19° N. Lat. in the northeast; 40° S., 19° E. in the
southeast; and 40° S. Lat. in the south

T

81 FR 20057, 4/6/2016; 
J 50 CFR 17.42(b); 4d 50
CFR 223.205; 50 CFR
223.206; 50 CFR
223.207.

Chelonia mydas

Green sea turtles originating from the Southwest
Indian Ocean, bounded by the following lines: the
equator to the north; 84° E. Long. to the east; 40° S.
Lat. to the south; and 19° E. Long (and along the
eastern coast of Africa) in the west

T

81 FR 20057, 4/6/2016; 
J 50 CFR 17.42(b); 4d 50
CFR 223.205; 50 CFR
223.206; 50 CFR
223.207.

Chelonia mydas

Green sea turtles originating from the Southwest
Pacific Ocean, bounded by the following lines and
coordinates: along the southern coast of the island of
New Guinea and the Torres Strait (east of 142° E
Long.); 13° S., 171° E. in the northeast; 40° S., 176° E.
in the southeast; and 40° S., 142° E. in the southwest

T

81 FR 20057, 4/6/2016; 
J 50 CFR 17.42(b); 4d 50
CFR 223.205; 50 CFR
223.206; 50 CFR
223.207.

Sea turtle,
hawksbill

Eretmochelys imbricata

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970; 
J 50 CFR 224.104; 4d 50
CFR 17.95(c); CH 50
CFR 226.209.CH

Sea turtle, Kemp's
ridley

Lepidochelys kempii

Wherever found

E

35 FR 18319, 12/2/1970; 
J 50 CFR 224.104.4d

Sea turtle,
leatherback

Dermochelys coriacea

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970; 
J 50 CFR 224.104; 4d 50
CFR 17.95(c); CH 50
CFR 226.207.CH

Sea turtle,

Caretta caretta

Mediterranean Sea DPS—Loggerhead sea turtles

E

76 FR 58868, 9/22/2011; 

loggerhead
[Mediterranean
Sea DPS]

originating from the Mediterranean Sea east of 5°36′
W. Long

J 50 CFR 224.104.4d

Sea turtle,
loggerhead [North
Indian Ocean
DPS]

Caretta caretta

North Indian Ocean DPS—Loggerhead sea turtles
originating from the North Indian Ocean north of the
equator and south of 30° N. Lat

E

76 FR 58868, 9/22/2011; 
J 50 CFR 224.104.4d

Sea turtle,
loggerhead [North
Pacific Ocean
DPS]

Caretta caretta

North Pacific Ocean DPS—Loggerhead sea turtles
originating from the North Pacific north of the equator
and south of 60° N. Lat

E

76 FR 58868, 9/22/2011; 
J 50 CFR 224.104.4d

Caretta caretta

Northeast Atlantic Ocean DPS—Loggerhead sea
turtles originating from the Northeast Atlantic Ocean
north of the equator, south of 60° N. Lat., and east of
40° W. Long., except in the vicinity of the Strait of
Gibraltar where the eastern boundary is 5°36′ W. Long

E

76 FR 58868, 9/22/2011; 
J 50 CFR 224.104.4d

Caretta caretta

Northwest Atlantic Ocean DPS—Loggerhead sea
turtles originating from the Northwest Atlantic Ocean
north of the equator, south of 60° N. Lat., and west of
40° W. Long.

T

76 FR 58868, 9/22/2011; 
J 50 CFR 223.205; 50
CFR 223.206; 50 CFR
223.207; 50 CFR
17.95(c); CH 50 CFR
226.223.CH

Caretta caretta

South Atlantic Ocean DPS—Loggerhead sea turtles
originating from the South Atlantic Ocean south of the
equator, north of 60° S. Lat., west of 20° E. Long., and
east of 67° W. Long

T

76 FR 58868, 9/22/2011; 
J 50 CFR 223.205; 50
CFR 223.206; 50 CFR
223.207.

Caretta caretta

South Pacific Ocean DPS—Loggerhead sea turtles
originating from the South Pacific south of the equator,
north of 60° S. Lat., west of 67° W. Long., and east of
141° E. Long

E

76 FR 58868, 9/22/2011; 
J 50 CFR 224.104.4d

Caretta caretta

Southeast Indo-Pacific Ocean DPS—Loggerhead sea
turtles originating from the Southeast Indian Ocean
south of the equator, north of 60° S. Lat., and east of
80° E. Long.; South Pacific Ocean south of the
equator, north of 60° S. Lat., and west of 141° E. Long

T

76 FR 58868, 9/22/2011; 
J 50 CFR 223.205; 50
CFR 223.206; 50 CFR
223.207.

Sea turtle,
loggerhead
[Southwest Indian
Ocean DPS]

Caretta caretta

Southwest Indian Ocean DPS—Loggerhead sea
turtles originating from the Southwest Indian Ocean
north of the equator, south of 30° N. Lat., east of 20° E.
Long., and west of 80° E. Long

T

76 FR 58868, 9/22/2011; 
J 50 CFR 223.205; 50
CFR 223.206; 50 CFR
223.207.

Sea turtle, olive
ridley [Pacific
coast of Mexico
breeding DPS]

Lepidochelys olivacea

Breeding colony populations on Pacific coast of
Mexico

E

43 FR 32800, 7/28/1978; 
J 50 CFR 224.104.4d

Sea turtle,
loggerhead
[Northeast
Atlantic Ocean
DPS]
Sea turtle,
loggerhead
[Northwest
Atlantic Ocean
DPS]
Sea turtle,
loggerhead
[South Atlantic
Ocean DPS]
Sea turtle,
loggerhead
[South Pacific
Ocean DPS]
Sea turtle,
loggerhead
[Southeast IndoPacific Ocean
DPS]

Sea turtle, olive
ridley

Lepidochelys olivacea

Wherever found except when listed as endangered
under 50 CFR 224.101

T

43 FR 32800, 7/28/1978; 
J 50 CFR 17.42(b); 4d 50
CFR 223.205; 50 CFR
223.206; 50 CFR
223.207.

Skink, blue-tail
mole

Eumeces egregius lividus

Wherever found

T

52 FR 42658,
11/6/1987; 50 CFR
17.42(b).4d

Skink, Round
Island

Leiolopisma telfairi

Wherever found

T

48 FR 28460, 6/22/1983.

Skink, sand

Neoseps reynoldsi

Wherever found

T

52 FR 42658,
11/6/1987; 50 CFR
17.42(b).4d

Skink, Slevin's
(Gualiik
halumtanu,
Gholuuf)

Emoia slevini

Wherever found

E

80 FR 59423, 10/1/2015.

Snake, Atlantic
salt marsh

Nerodia clarkii taeniata

Wherever found

T

42 FR 60743,
11/29/1977.

Snake,
copperbelly water
[Northern DPS]

Nerodia erythrogaster neglecta

U.S.A. (IN north of 40° N. Lat., MI, OH)

T

62 FR 4183, 1/29/1997.

Snake, eastern
indigo

Drymarchon corais couperi

Wherever found

T

43 FR 4026, 1/31/1978.

Snake, giant
garter

Thamnophis gigas

Wherever found

T

58 FR 54053,
10/20/1993.

Snake, Maria
Island

Liophus ornatus

Wherever found

E

56 FR 49469, 9/30/1991.

Snake, San
Francisco garter

Thamnophis sirtalis tetrataenia

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967.

Tartaruga

Podocnemis expansa

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Terrapin, river

Batagur baska

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Tomistoma

Tomistoma schlegelii

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Tortoise,
angulated

Geochelone yniphora

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Tortoise, Bolson

Gopherus flavomarginatus

Wherever found

E

44 FR 23062, 4/17/1979.

Tortoise, desert
[Mojave DPS]

Gopherus agassizii

Wherever found, except AZ south and east of
Colorado R., and Mexico

T

45 FR 55654,
8/20/1980; 54 FR 32326,
8/4/1989; 55 FR 12178,
4/2/1990; 50 CFR
17.95(c).CH

Tortoise, desert

Gopherus agassizii

AZ south and east of Colorado R., and Mexico, when
found outside of Mexico or said range in AZ

T(S/A)

55 FR 12178,
4/2/1990; 50 CFR
17.42(e).4d

Tortoise,
Galapagos

Geochelone nigra
(=elephantopus)

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Tortoise, gopher
[West of Mobile
and Tombigbee
Rivers DPS]

Gopherus polyphemus

Wherever found west of Mobile and Tombigbee Rivers
in AL, MS, and LA

T

52 FR 25376, 7/7/1987.

Tortoise,
Madagascar
radiated

Geochelone radiata

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Tracaja

Podocnemis unifilis

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Tuatara

Sphenodon punctatus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970; 65
FR 16053, 3/24/2000.

Tuatara, Brother's
Island

Sphenodon guntheri

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970; 65
FR 16053, 3/24/2000.

Turtle, Alabama
redbellied

Pseudemys alabamensis

Wherever found

E

52 FR 22939, 6/16/1987.

Turtle, aquatic
box

Terrapene coahuila

Wherever found

E

38 FR 14678, 6/4/1973.

Turtle, black
softshell

Trionyx nigricans

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Turtle, bog
(=Muhlenberg)
[Northen DPS]

Clemmys muhlenbergii

Wherever found, except GA, NC, SC, TN, VA

T

62 FR 59605, 11/4/1997.

Turtle, bog
(=Muhlenberg)

Clemmys muhlenbergii

U.S.A. (GA, NC, SC, TN, VA)

T(S/A)

62 FR 59605,
11/4/1997; 50 CFR
17.42(f).4d

Turtle, Brazilian
sideneck

Phrynops hogei

Wherever found

E

56 FR 49469, 9/30/1991.

Turtle, Burmese
peacock

Morenia ocellata

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Turtle, Cat Island

Trachemys terrapen

Cat Island in the Bahamas

E

56 FR 49469, 9/30/1991.

Turtle, Central
American river

Dermatemys mawii

Wherever found

E

48 FR 28460, 6/22/1983.

Turtle, Cuatro

Trionyx ater

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Cienegas
softshell
Turtle, flattened
musk [Black
Warrior River
DPS]

Sternotherus depressus

Black Warrior R. system upstream from Bankhead
Dam

T

52 FR 22418, 6/11/1987.

Turtle, geometric

Psammobates geometricus

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Turtle, Inagua
Island

Trachemys stejnegeri malonei

Wherever found

E

56 FR 49469, 9/30/1991.

Turtle, Indian
sawback

Kachuga tecta tecta

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Turtle, Indian
softshell

Trionyx gangeticus

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Turtle, peacock
softshell

Trionyx hurum

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Turtle, Plymouth
redbelly

Pseudemys rubriventris bangsi

Wherever found

E

45 FR 21828,
4/2/1980; 50 CFR
17.95(c).CH

Turtle, ringed map

Graptemys oculifera

Wherever found

T

51 FR 45907,
12/23/1986.

Turtle, shortnecked or
western swamp

Pseudemydura umbrina

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Turtle, Sonoyta
mud

Kinosternon sonoriense
longifemorale

Wherever found

E

82 FR 43897, 9/20/2017.

Turtle, South
American redlined

Trachemys scripta callirostris

Wherever found

E

56 FR 49469, 9/30/1991.

Turtle, spotted
pond

Geoclemys hamiltonii

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Turtle, threekeeled Asian

Melanochelys tricarinata

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Turtle, yellowblotched map

Graptemys flavimaculata

Wherever found

T

56 FR 1459, 1/14/1991.

Viper, Lar Valley

Vipera latifii

Wherever found

E

48 FR 28460, 6/22/1983.

Whipsnake,
Alameda (=striped
racer)

Masticophis lateralis euryxanthus

Wherever found

T

62 FR 64306,
12/5/1997; 50 CFR
17.95(c).CH

Coqui, golden

Eleutherodactylus jasperi

Wherever found

T

42 FR 58756,
11/11/1977; 50 CFR
17.95(d).CH

Coqui, llanero

Eleutherodactylus juanariveroi

Wherever found

E

77 FR 60777,
10/4/2012; 50 CFR
17.95(d).CH

Amphibians

Frog, California
red-legged

Rana draytonii

Wherever found

T

61 FR 25813,
5/23/1996; 50 CFR
17.43(b); 4d 50 CFR
17.95(d).CH

Frog, Chiricahua
leopard

Rana chiricahuensis

Wherever found

T

67 FR 40790,
6/13/2002; 50 CFR
17.43(b).4d

Frog, dusky
gopher

Rana sevosa (= Lithobates
sevosus)

Wherever found

E

66 FR 63002,
12/4/2001; 50 CFR
17.95(d).CH

Frog, Goliath

Conraua goliath

Wherever found

T

59 FR 63261, 12/8/1994.

Frog, Israel
painted

Discoglossus nigriventer

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Frog, mountain
yellow-legged
[Northern
California DPS]

Rana muscosa

Northern California DPS—U.S.A., northern California

E

79 FR 24255,
4/29/2014; 50 CFR
17.95(d).CH

Frog, mountain
yellow-legged
[Southern
California DPS]

Rana muscosa

Southern California DPS—U.S.A., southern California

E

67 FR 44382,
7/2/2002; 50 CFR
17.95(d).CH

Frog, Oregon
spotted

Rana pretiosa

Wherever found

T

79 FR 51657,
8/29/2014; 50 CFR
17.95(d).CH

Frog,
Panamanian
golden

Atelopus varius zeteki

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Frog, Sierra
Nevada yellowlegged

Rana sierrae

Wherever found

E

79 FR 24255,
4/29/2014; 50 CFR
17.95(d).CH

Frog, Stephen
Island

Leiopelma hamiltoni

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Guajón

Eleutherodactylus cooki

Wherever found

T

62 FR 31757,
6/11/1997; 50 CFR
17.95(d).CH

Hellbender, Ozark

Cryptobranchus alleganiensis
bishopi

Wherever found

E

76 FR 61956, 10/6/2011.

Salamander,
Austin blind

Eurycea waterlooensis

Wherever found

E

78 FR 51277,
8/20/2013; 50 CFR
17.95(d).CH

Salamander,
Barton Springs

Eurycea sosorum

Wherever found

E

62 FR 23377, 4/30/1997.

Salamander,
California tiger
[Santa Barbara
County DPS]

Ambystoma californiense

Santa Barbara County DPS—U.S.A. (CA-Santa
Barbara County)

E

65 FR 3109,
1/19/2000; 65 FR 57242,
9/21/2000; 50 CFR
17.95(d).CH

Salamander,
California tiger
[Central California
DPS]

Ambystoma californiense

Central California DPS—U.S.A. (CA-Central California)

T

69 FR 47248,
8/4/2004; 50 CFR
17.43(c); 4d 50 CFR
17.95(d).CH

Salamander,
California tiger
[Sonoma County
DPS]

Ambystoma californiense

Sonoma County DPS—U.S.A. (CA-Sonoma County)

E

67 FR 47739,
7/22/2002; 68 FR 13520,
3/19/2003; 50 CFR
17.95(d).CH

Salamander,
Cheat Mountain

Plethodon nettingi

Wherever found

T

54 FR 34464, 8/18/1989.

Salamander,
Chinese giant

Andrias davidianus (=davidianus
d.)

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Salamander,
desert slender

Batrachoseps aridus

Wherever found

E

38 FR 14678, 6/4/1973.

Salamander,
frosted flatwoods

Ambystoma cingulatum

Wherever found

T

64 FR 15691,
4/1/1999; 50 CFR
17.95(d).CH

Salamander,
Georgetown

Eurycea naufragia

Wherever found

T

79 FR 20107,
4/11/2014; 50 CFR
17.43(e).4d

Salamander,
Japanese giant

Andrias japonicus (=davidianus
j.)

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Salamander,
Jemez Mountains

Plethodon neomexicanus

Wherever found

E

78 FR 55599,
9/10/2013; 50 CFR
17.95(d).CH

Salamander,
Jollyville Plateau

Eurycea tonkawae

Wherever found

T

78 FR 51277,
8/20/2013; 50 CFR
17.95(d).CH

Salamander, Red

Phaeognathus hubrichti

Wherever found

T

41 FR 53032, 12/3/1976.

Hills
Salamander,
reticulated
flatwoods

Ambystoma bishopi

Wherever found

E

74 FR 6700,
2/10/2009; 50 CFR
17.95(d).CH

Salamander,
Salado

Eurycea chisholmensis

Wherever found

T

79 FR 20107, 4/11/2014.

Salamander, San
Marcos

Eurycea nana

Wherever found

T

45 FR 47355,
7/14/1980; 50 CFR
17.43(a); 4d 50 CFR
17.95(d).CH

Salamander,
Santa Cruz longtoed

Ambystoma macrodactylum
croceum

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967.

Salamander,
Shenandoah

Plethodon shenandoah

Wherever found

E

54 FR 34464, 8/18/1989.

Salamander,
Sonoran tiger

Ambystoma tigrinum stebbinsi

Wherever found

E

62 FR 665, 1/6/1997.

Salamander,
Texas blind

Typhlomolge rathbuni

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967.

Toad, arroyo
(=arroyo
southwestern)

Anaxyrus californicus

Wherever found

E

59 FR 64859,
12/16/1994; 50 CFR
17.95(d).CH

Toad, Cameroon

Bufo superciliaris

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Toad, Houston

Bufo houstonensis

Wherever found

E

35 FR 16047,
10/13/1970; 50 CFR
17.95(d).CH

Toad, Monte
Verde golden

Bufo periglenes

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Toad, Puerto
Rican crested

Peltophryne lemur

Wherever found

T

52 FR 28828, 8/4/1987.

Toad, Wyoming

Bufo hemiophrys baxteri

Wherever found

E

49 FR 1992, 1/17/1984.

Toad, Yosemite

Anaxyrus canorus

Wherever found

T

79 FR 24255,
4/29/2014; 50 CFR
17.95(d).CH

Toads, African
viviparous

Nectophrynoides spp.

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Waterdog, Black
Warrior

Necturus alabamensis

Wherever found

E

83 FR 257, 1/3/2018.

Ala Balik (trout)

Salmo platycephalus

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Angelshark,
Argentine

Squatina argentina

Wherever found

E

82 FR 21722, 5/10/2017; 
N 84 FR 13809, 4/8/2019.

Angelshark,
common

Squatina squatina

Wherever found

E

81 FR 50394, 8/1/2016; 
N 81 FR 76311,
11/2/2016.

Angelshark,
sawback

Squatina aculeata

Wherever found

E

81 FR 50394, 8/1/2016; 
N 81 FR 76311,
11/2/2016.

Angelshark,
smoothback

Squatina oculata

Wherever found

E

81 FR 50394, 8/1/2016; 
N 81 FR 76311,
11/2/2016.

Angelshark, spiny

Squatina guggenheim

Wherever found

E

82 FR 21722, 5/10/2017; 
N 84 FR 13809, 4/8/2019.

Ayumodoki
(loach)

Hymenophysa curta

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Blindcat, Mexican
(catfish)

Prietella phreatophila

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Fishes

Bocaccio [Puget
Sound-Georgia
Basin DPS]

Sebastes paucispinis

Puget Sound-Georgia Basin DPS—see 50 CFR
224.101

E

75 FR 22276, 4/28/2010; 
N 76 FR 20558,
4/13/2011; 79 FR 42687,
7/23/2014; 50 CFR
226.224.CH

Bonytongue,
Asian

Scleropages formosus

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Cardinalfish,
Banggai

Pterapogon kauderni

Wherever found

T

81 FR 3023, 1/20/2016; 
N 81 FR 76311,
11/2/2016.

Catfish (Thailand)

Pangasius sanitwongsei

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Catfish, Thailand
giant

Pangasianodon gigas

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

T

49 FR 34490,
8/31/1984; 50 CFR
17.44(h); 4d 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Catfish, Yaqui

Ictalurus pricei

Wherever found

Cavefish,
Alabama

Speoplatyrhinus poulsoni

Wherever found

E

42 FR 45526,
9/9/1977; 53 FR 37968,
9/28/1988; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Cavefish, Ozark

Amblyopsis rosae

Wherever found

T

49 FR 43965, 11/1/1984.

Chub, bonytail

Gila elegans

Wherever found

E

45 FR 27710,
4/23/1980; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Chub, Borax Lake

Gila boraxobius

Wherever found

E

45 FR 35821,
5/28/1980; 47 FR 43957,
10/5/1982; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Chub, Chihuahua

Gila nigrescens

Wherever found

T

48 FR 46053,
10/11/1983; 50 CFR
17.44(g).4d

Chub, Gila

Gila intermedia

Wherever found

E

70 FR 66664,
11/2/2005; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Chub, humpback

Gila cypha

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001,
3/11/1967; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Chub, Hutton tui

Gila bicolor ssp.

Wherever found

T

50 FR 12302,
3/28/1985; 50 CFR
17.44(j).4d

Chub, Mohave tui

Gila bicolor mohavensis

Wherever found

E

35 FR 16047,
10/13/1970.

Chub, Owens tui

Gila bicolor snyderi

Wherever found

E

50 FR 31592,
8/5/1985; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Chub, Pahranagat
roundtail

Gila robusta jordani

Wherever found

E

35 FR 16047,
10/13/1970.

Chub, slender

Erimystax cahni

Wherever found, except where listed as an
experimental population

T

42 FR 45526,
9/9/1977; 50 CFR
17.44(c); 4d 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Chub, slender

Erimystax cahni

U.S.A. (TN—specified portions of the French Broad
and Holston Rivers; see § 17.84(s)(1)(i))

XN

72 FR 52434,
9/13/2007; 50 CFR
17.84(sr).10j

Chub, Sonora

Gila ditaenia

Wherever found

T

51 FR 16042,
4/30/1986; 50 CFR
17.44(o); 4d 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Chub, spotfin

Erimonax monachus

Wherever found, except where listed as an
experimental population

T

42 FR 45526,
9/9/1977; 50 CFR
17.44(c); 4d 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Chub, spotfin

Erimonax monachus

U.S.A. (TN—specified portions of the Tellico River; see
§ 17.84(m) (1)(i))

XN

67 FR 52420,
8/12/2002; 50 CFR
17.84(m).10j

Chub, spotfin

Erimonax monachus

U.S.A. (AL, TN—specified portions of Shoal Creek;
see § 17.84(m)(1)(ii))

XN

70 FR 1286, 1/6/2005; 50
CFR 17.84(m).10j

Chub, spotfin

Erimonax monachus

U.S.A. (TN—specified portions of the French Broad
and Holston Rivers; see § 17.84(m) (1)(iii))

XN

72 FR 52434,
9/13/2007; 50 CFR
17.84(m).10j

Chub, Virgin River

Gila robusta semidnuda

Wherever found

E

54 FR 35305,
8/24/1989; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Chub, Yaqui

Gila purpurea

Wherever found

E

49 FR 34490,
8/31/1984; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Cicek (minnow)

Acanthorutilus handlirschi

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Coelacanth,
African
[Tanzanian DPS]

Latimeria chalumnae

Tanzanian DPS—see 50 CFR 223.102

T

81 FR 17398, 3/29/2016; 
N 81 FR 76311,
11/2/2016.

Cui-ui

Chasmistes cujus

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967.

Dace, Ash
Meadows
speckled

Rhinichthys osculus nevadensis

Wherever found

E

47 FR 19995,
5/10/1982; 48 FR 608,
1/5/1983; 48 FR 40178,
9/2/1983; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Dace, blackside

Phoxinus
(=Chrosomus) , cumberlandensis

Wherever found

T

52 FR 22580, 6/12/1987.

Dace, Clover
Valley speckled

Rhinichthys osculus oligoporus

Wherever found

E

54 FR 41448,
10/10/1989.

Dace, desert

Eremichthys acros

Wherever found

T

32 FR 4001,
3/11/1967; 35 FR 16047,
10/13/1970; 50 FR
50304, 12/10/1985; 50
CFR 17.44(m); 4d 50
CFR 17.95(e); CH

Dace, Foskett
speckled

Rhinichthys osculus ssp.

Wherever found

T

50 FR 12302,
3/28/1985; 50 CFR
17.44(j).4d

Dace,
Independence
Valley speckled

Rhinichthys osculus lethoporus

Wherever found

E

54 FR 41448,
10/10//1989; 54 FR
47861, 11/17/1989.

Dace, Kendall
Warm Springs

Rhinichthys osculus thermalis

Wherever found

E

35 FR 16047,
10/13/1970.

Dace, laurel

Chrosomus saylori

Wherever found

E

76 FR 48722,
8/9/2011; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Dace, Moapa

Moapa coriacea

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967.

Darter, amber

Percina antesella

Wherever found

E

50 FR 31597,
8/5/1985; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Darter, bayou

Etheostoma rubrum

Wherever found

T

40 FR 44149,
9/25/1975; 50 CFR
17.44(b).4d

Darter, bluemask

Etheostoma akatulo

Wherever found

E

58 FR 68480,
12/27/1993.

Darter, boulder

Etheostoma wapiti

Wherever found, except where listed as an
experimental population

E

53 FR 33996, 9/1/1988.

Darter, boulder

Etheostoma wapiti

XN

70 FR 1286, 1/6/2005; 50
CFR 17.84(o).10j

Shoal Creek (from Shoal Creek mile 41.7 (66.7 km)) at
the mouth of Long Branch, Lawrence County, TN,
downstream to the backwaters of Wilson Reservoir
(Shoal Creek mile 14 (22 km)) at Goose Shoals,

Lauderdale County, AL, including the lower 5 miles (8
km) of all tributaries that enter this reach
Darter, candy

Etheostoma osburni

Wherever found

E

83 FR 58747,
11/21/2018.

Darter, Cherokee

Etheostoma scotti

Wherever found

T

59 FR 65505,
12/20/1994.

Darter,
Cumberland

Etheostoma susanae

Wherever found

E

76 FR 48722,
8/9/2011; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Darter, diamond

Crystallaria cincotta

Wherever found

E

78 FR 45074,
7/26/2013; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Darter, duskytail

Etheostoma percnurum

Wherever found, except where listed as an
experimental population

E

58 FR 25758, 4/27/1993.

Darter, duskytail

Etheostoma percnurum

U.S.A. (TN—specified portions of the Tellico River; see
§ 17.84(p)(1)(i))

XN

67 FR 52420,
8/12/2002; 50 CFR
17.84(q).10j

Darter, duskytail

Etheostoma percnurum

U.S.A. (TN—specified portions of the French Broad
and Holston Rivers; see § 17.84(q)(1)(ii))

XN

72 FR 52434,
9/13/2007; 50 CFR
17.84(q).10j

Darter, Etowah

Etheostoma etowahae

Wherever found

E

59 FR 65505,
12/20/1994.

Darter, fountain

Etheostoma fonticola

Wherever found

E

35 FR 16047,
10/13/1970; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Darter, goldline

Percina aurolineata

Wherever found

T

57 FR 14786, 4/22/1992.

Darter, Kentucky
arrow

Etheostoma spilotum

Wherever found

T

81 FR 68963,
10/5/2016; 50 CFR
17.44(p); 4d 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Darter, leopard

Percina pantherina

Wherever found

T

43 FR 3711,
1/27/1978; 50 CFR
17.44(d); 4d 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Darter, Maryland

Etheostoma sellare

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001,
3/11/1967; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

T

50 FR 24649,
6/12/1985; 50 CFR
17.44(k); 4d 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Darter, Niangua

Etheostoma nianguae

Wherever found

Darter, Okaloosa

Etheostoma okaloosae

Wherever found

T

38 FR 14678,
6/4/1973; 76 FR 18087,
4/1/2011; 50 CFR
17.44(bb).4d

Darter, Pearl

Percina aurora

Wherever found

T

82 FR 43885, 9/20/2017.

Darter, relict

Etheostoma chienense

Wherever found

E

58 FR 68480,
12/27/1993.

Darter, rush

Etheostoma phytophilum

Wherever found

E

76 FR 48722,
8/9/2011; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Darter, slackwater

Etheostoma boschungi

Wherever found

T

42 FR 45526,
9/9/1977; 50 CFR
17.44(c); 4d 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Darter, snail

Percina tanasi

Wherever found

T

40 FR 47505,
10/9/1975; 49 FR 27510,
7/5/1984.

Darter, trispot

Etheostoma trisella

Wherever found

T

83 FR 67131,
12/28/2018.

Darter, vermilion

Etheostoma chermocki

Wherever found

E

66 FR 59367,
11/28/2001; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Darter, watercress

Etheostoma nuchale

Wherever found

E

35 FR 16047,
10/13/1970.

Darter,
yellowcheek

Etheostoma moorei

Wherever found

E

76 FR 48722,
8/9/2011; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Eulachon
[Southern DPS]

Thaleichthys pacificus

Southern DPS—see 50 CFR 223.102

T

75 FR 13012, 3/18/2010; 
N 76 FR 20558,
4/13/2011; 79 FR 42687,
7/23/2014; 50 CFR
226.222.CH

Gambusia, Big
Bend

Gambusia gaigei

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967.

Gambusia, Clear
Creek

Gambusia heterochir

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967.

Gambusia, Pecos

Gambusia nobilis

Wherever found

E

35 FR 16047,
10/13/1970.

Gambusia, San
Marcos

Gambusia georgei

Wherever found

E

45 FR 47355,
7/14/1980; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Goby, tidewater

Eucyclogobius newberryi

Wherever found

E

59 FR 5494, 2/4/1994; 50
CFR 17.95(e).CH

Grouper, gulf

Mycteroperca jordani

Wherever found

E

81 FR 72545,
10/20/2016; N84 FR
13809, 4/8/2019.

Grouper, island

Mycteroperca fusca

Wherever found

T

81 FR 72545,
10/20/2016; N84 FR
13809, 4/8/2019.

Grouper, Nassau

Epinephelus striatus

Wherever found

T

81 FR 42268, 6/29/2016; 
N 81 FR 76311,
11/2/2016.

Guitarfish,
blackchin

Rhinobatos cemciculus

Wherever found

T

82 FR 6309, 1/19/2017; 
N 84 FR 13809, 4/8/2019.

Guitarfish,
Brazilian

Rhinobatos horkelii

Wherever found

E

82 FR 21722, 5/10/2017; 
N 84 FR 13809, 4/8/2019.

Guitarfish,
common

Rhinobatos rhinobatos

Wherever found

T

82 FR 6309, 1/19/2017; 
N 84 FR 13809, 4/8/2019.

Logperch,
Conasauga

Percina jenkinsi

Wherever found

E

50 FR 31597,
8/5/1985; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Logperch,
Roanoke

Percina rex

Wherever found

E

54 FR 34468, 8/18/1989.

Madtom, Chucky

Noturus crypticus

Wherever found

E

76 FR 48722,
8/9/2011; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Madtom, Neosho

Noturus placidus

Wherever found

T

55 FR 21148, 5/22/1990.

Madtom, pygmy

Noturus stanauli

Wherever found, except where listed as an
experimental population

E

58 FR 25758, 4/27/1993.

Madtom, pygmy

Noturus stanauli

U.S.A. (TN—specified portions of the French Broad
and Holston Rivers; see § 17.84(t)(1)(i))

XN

72 FR 52434,
9/13/2007; 50 CFR
17.84(t).10j

Madtom, Scioto

Noturus trautmani

Wherever found

E

40 FR 44149, 9/25/1975.

Madtom, smoky

Noturus baileyi

Wherever found, except where listed as an
experimental population

E

49 FR 43065,
10/26/1984; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Madtom, smoky

Noturus baileyi

U.S.A. (TN—specified portions of the Tellico River; see
§ 17.84(r)(1)(i))

XN

67 FR 52420,
8/12/2002; 50 CFR

17.84(r).10j

Madtom, yellowfin

Noturus flavipinnis

Wherever found, except where listed as an
experimental population

T

42 FR 45526,
9/9/1977; 50 CFR
17.44(c); 4d 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Madtom, yellowfin

Noturus flavipinnis

U.S.A. (TN, VA—specified portions of the Holston
River and watershed; see § 17.84(e)(1)(i))

XN

53 FR 29335,
8/4/1988; 50 CFR
17.84(e).10j

Madtom, yellowfin

Noturus flavipinnis

U.S.A. (TN—specified portions of the Tellico River; see
§ 17.84(e)(1)(ii))

XN

67 FR 52420,
8/12/2002; 50 CFR
17.84(e).10j

Madtom, yellowfin

Noturus flavipinnis

U.S.A. (TN—specified portions of the French Broad
and Holston Rivers; see § 17.84(e)(1)(iii))

XN

72 FR 52434,
9/13/2007; 50 CFR
17.84(e).10j

Minnow, Devils
River

Dionda diaboli

Wherever found

T

64 FR 56596,
10/20/1999; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Minnow, loach

Rhinichthys cobitis

Wherever found

E

51 FR 39468,
10/28/1986; 77 FR
10810, 2/23/2012; 50
CFR 17.95(e).CH

Minnow, Rio
Grande silvery

Hybognathus amarus

Wherever found, except where listed as an
experimental population

E

59 FR 36988,
7/20/1994; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Minnow, Rio
Grande silvery

Hybognathus amarus

Rio Grande, from Little Box Canyon (approximately
10.4 river miles downstream of Fort Quitman, TX) to
Amistad Dam; and on the Pecos River, from its
confluence with Independence Creek to its confluence
with the Rio Grande

XN

73 FR 74357,
12/8/2008; 50 CFR
17.84(u).10j

Nekogigi (catfish)

Coreobagrus ichikawai

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Pikeminnow,
Colorado

Ptychocheilus lucius

Wherever found, except where listed as an
experimental population

E

32 FR 4001,
3/11/1967; 50 FR 30188,
7/24/1985; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Pikeminnow,
Colorado

Ptychocheilus lucius

Salt and Verde R. drainages, AZ

XN

50 FR 30188,
7/24/1985; 50 CFR
17.84(b).10j

Poolfish,
Pahrump

Empetrichthys latos

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967.

Pupfish, Ash
Meadows
Amargosa

Cyprinodon nevadensis
mionectes

Wherever found

E

47 FR 19995,
5/10/1982; 48 FR 608,
1/5/1983; 48 FR 40178,
9/2/1983; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Pupfish,
Comanche
Springs

Cyprinodon elegans

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967.

Pupfish, desert

Cyprinodon macularius

Wherever found

E

51 FR 10842,
3/31/1986; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Pupfish, Devils
Hole

Cyprinodon diabolis

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967.

Pupfish, Leon
Springs

Cyprinodon bovinus

Wherever found

E

45 FR 54678,
8/15/1980; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Pupfish, Owens

Cyprinodon radiosus

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967.

Pupfish, Warm
Springs

Cyprinodon nevadensis
pectoralis

Wherever found

E

35 FR 16047,
10/13/1970.

Ray, giant manta

Manta birostris

Wherever found

T

83 FR 2916, 1/22/2018; 
N 84 FR 13809, 4/8/2019.

Rockfish,

Sebastes ruberrimus

Puget Sound-Georgia Basin DPS—see 50 CFR

T

75 FR 22276, 4/28/2010; 

yelloweye [Puget
Sound-Georgia
Basin DPS]

Salmon, Atlantic
[Gulf of Maine
DPS]

Salmon, Chinook
[California
Coastal ESU]

223.102

Salmo salar

Oncorhynchus tshawytscha

Gulf of Maine DPS—see 50 CFR 224.101

California Coastal ESU—see 50 CFR 223.102

N 76 FR 20558,
4/13/2011; 79 FR 42687,
7/23/2014; 50 CFR
226.224.CH

E

65 FR 69459,
11/17/2000; J 74 FR
29344, 6/19/2009; J 76
FR 20558, 4/13/2011; 79
FR 42687, 7/23/2014; 50
CFR 226.217.CH

T

64 FR 50394, 9/16/1999; 
N 64 FR 72960,
12/29/1999; 70 FR
37160, 6/28/2005; N 76
FR 20558, 4/13/2011; 79
FR 42687, 7/23/2014; 50
CFR 223.203; 4d 50 CFR
226.211.CH

Salmon, Chinook
[Central Valley
spring-run ESU]

Oncorhynchus tshawytscha

Central Valley spring-run ESU—see 50 CFR 223.102

T

64 FR 50394, 9/16/1999; 
N 64 FR 72960,
12/29/1999; 70 FR
37160, 6/28/2005; N 76
FR 20558, 4/13/2011; 79
FR 42687, 7/23/2014; 50
CFR 223.203; 4d 50 CFR
226.211.CH

Salmon, Chinook
[Central Valley
spring-run ESU—
XN]

Oncorhynchus tshawytscha

Central Valley spring-run ESU-XN—see 50 CFR
223.102

XN

78 FR 79622,
12/31/2013; N79 FR
42687, 7/23/2014; 50
CFR 223.301.10j

T

64 FR 14308, 3/24/1999; 
N 64 FR 41835,
8/2/1999; 70 FR 37160,
6/28/2005; N 76 FR
20558, 4/13/2011; 79 FR
42687, 7/23/2014; 50
CFR 223.203; 4d 50 CFR
226.212.CH

T

64 FR 14308, 3/24/1999; 
N 64 FR 41835,
8/2/1999; 70 FR 37160,
6/28/2005; N 76 FR
20558, 4/13/2011; 79 FR
42687, 7/23/2014; 50
CFR 223.203; 4d 50 CFR
226.212.CH

E

55 FR 12191, 4/2/1990; 
N 55 FR 12831,
4/6/1990; 55 FR 46515,
11/4/1990; N 55 FR
49623, 11/30/1990; 59
FR 440, 1/4/1994; N 59
FR 13836, 3/23/1994; 70
FR 37160, 6/28/2005; 
N 76 FR 20558,
4/13/2011; 79 FR 42687,
7/23/2014; 50 CFR
226.204.CH
57 FR 14653, 4/22/1992; 
N 58 FR 49880,
9/23/1993; 59 FR 42529,
8/18/1994; N 59 FR
54840, 11/2/1994; 70 FR
37160, 6/28/2005; N 76
FR 20558, 4/13/2011; 79
FR 42687, 7/23/2014; 50
CFR 223.203; 4d 50 CFR
226.205.CH

Salmon, Chinook
[Lower Columbia
River ESU]

Salmon, Chinook
[Puget Sound
ESU]

Salmon, Chinook
[Sacramento
River winter-run
ESU]

Salmon, Chinook
[Snake River fallrun ESU]

Salmon, Chinook
[Snake River
spring/summerrun ESU]

Oncorhynchus tshawytscha

Oncorhynchus tshawytscha

Oncorhynchus tshawytscha

Lower Columbia River ESU—see 50 CFR 223.102

Puget Sound ESU—see 50 CFR 223.102

Sacramento River winter-run ESU—see 50 CFR
224.101

Oncorhynchus tshawytscha

Snake River fall-run ESU—see 50 CFR 223.102

T

Oncorhynchus tshawytscha

Snake River spring/summer-run ESU—see 50 CFR
223.102

T

57 FR 14653, 4/22/1992; 
N 58 FR 49880,
9/23/1993; 59 FR 42529,
8/18/1994; N 59 FR

54840, 11/2/1994; 70 FR
37160, 6/28/2005; N 76
FR 20558, 4/13/2011; 79
FR 42687, 7/23/2014; 50
CFR 223.203; 4d 50 CFR
226.205.CH

Salmon, Chinook
[Upper Columbia
River spring-run
ESU]

Oncorhynchus tshawytscha

Upper Columbia River spring-run ESU—see 50 CFR
224.101

E

64 FR 14308, 3/24/1999; 
N 64 FR 41835,
8/2/1999; 70 FR 37160,
6/28/2005; N 76 FR
20558, 4/13/2011; 79 FR
42687, 7/23/2014; 50
CFR 226.212.CH

Salmon, Chinook
[Upper Columbia
River spring-run
ESU-XN]

Oncorhynchus tshawytscha

Upper Columbia River spring-run ESU-XN—see 50
CFR 223.102

XN

79 FR 40004, 7/11/2014; 
N 79 FR 52576,
9/4/2014; 50 CFR
223.301.10j

T

64 FR 14308, 3/24/1999; 
N 64 FR 41835,
8/2/1999; 76 FR 20558,
4/13/2011; 79 FR 42687,
7/23/2014; 50 CFR
223.203; 4d 50 CFR
226.212.CH

T

64 FR 14508, 3/25/1999; 
N 64 FR 41835,
8/2/1999; 70 FR 37160,
6/28/2005; N 76 FR
20558, 4/13/2011; 79 FR
42687, 7/23/2014; 50
CFR 223.203; 4d 50 CFR
226.212.CH

T

64 FR 14508, 3/25/1999; 
N 64 FR 41835,
8/2/1999; 70 FR 37160,
6/28/2005; N 76 FR
20558, 4/13/2011; 79 FR
42687, 7/23/2014; 50
CFR 223.203; 4d 50 CFR
226.212.CH

E

61 FR 56138,
10/31/1996; N61 FR
59028, 11/20/1996; 70
FR 37160, 6/28/2005; 
N 77 FR 19552,
4/2/2012; N 76 FR 20558,
4/13/2011; 79 FR 42687,
7/23/2014; 50 CFR
226.210.CH

T

70 FR 37160, 6/28/2005; 
N 76 FR 20558,
4/13/2011; 79 FR 42687,
7/23/2014; 50 CFR
223.203; 4d 50 CFR
226.212.CH

T

75 FR 29489, 5/26/2010; 
N 76 FR 20558,
4/13/2011; 76 FR 35755,
6/20/2011; N 79 FR
42687, 7/23/2014; 50
CFR 223.203; 4d 50 CFR
226.212.CH

Salmon, Chinook
[Upper Willamette
River ESU]

Salmon, chum
[Columbia River
ESU]

Salmon, chum
[Hood Canal
summer-run ESU]

Salmon, coho
[Central California
Coast ESU]

Salmon, coho
[Lower Columbia
River ESU]

Salmon, coho
[Oregon Coast
ESU]

Oncorhynchus tshawytscha

Oncorhynchus keta

Oncorhynchus keta

Oncorhynchus kisutch

Oncorhynchus kisutch

Oncorhynchus kisutch

Upper Willamette River ESU—see 50 CFR 223.102

Columbia River ESU—see 50 CFR 223.102

Hood Canal summer-run ESU—see 50 CFR 223.102

Central California Coast ESU—see 50 CFR 224.101

Lower Columbia River ESU—see 50 CFR 223.102

Oregon Coast ESU—see 50 CFR 223.102

Salmon, coho
[Southern
Oregon-Northern
California Coast
ESU]

Oncorhynchus kisutch

Southern Oregon—Northern California Coast ESU—
see 50 CFR 223.102

T

62 FR 24588, 5/6/1997; 
N 62 FR 33038,
6/18/1997; 70 FR 37160,
6/28/2005; N 76 FR
20558, 4/13/2011; 79 FR
42687, 7/23/2014; 50
CFR 223.203; 4d 50 CFR
226.210.CH

Salmon, sockeye

Oncorhynchus nerka

Ozette Lake ESU—see 50 CFR 223.102

T

64 FR 14528, 3/25/1999; 

[Ozette Lake
ESU]

N 64 FR 41835,
8/2/1999; 70 FR 37160,
6/28/2005; N 76 FR
20558, 4/13/2011; 79 FR
42687, 7/23/2014; 50
CFR 223.203; 4d 50 CFR
226.212.CH

Salmon, sockeye
[Snake River
ESU]

Oncorhynchus nerka

Snake River ESU—see 50 CFR 224.101

E

56 FR 58619,
11/20/1991; N 57 FR 212,
1/3/1992; 70 FR 37160,
6/28/2005; N 76 FR
20558, 4/13/2011; 79 FR
42687, 7/23/2014; 50
CFR 226.205.CH

Sawfish, dwarf

Pristis clavata

Wherever found

E

79 FR 73978,
12/12/2014; N79 FR
3914, 1/26/2015.

Sawfish, green

Pristis zijsron

Wherever found

E

79 FR 73978,
12/12/2014; N79 FR
3914, 1/26/2015.

Sawfish,
largetooth

Pristis pristis (formerly Pristis
perotteti, Pristis
pristis, and Pristis microdon)

Wherever found

E

76 FR 40822, 9/12/2011; 
N 79 FR 42687,
7/23/2014; 79 FR 73978,
12/12/2014; N 79 FR
3914, 1/26/2015.

Sawfish, narrow

Anoxypristis cuspidata

Wherever found

E

79 FR 73978,
12/12/2014; N79 FR
3914, 1/26/2015.

Sawfish,
smalltooth [NonU.S. DPS]

Pristis pectinata

Non-U.S. DPS—Smalltooth sawfish originating from
non-U.S. waters

E

79 FR 73978,
12/12/2014; N79 FR
3914, 1/26/2015.

Sawfish,
smalltooth [U.S.
DPS]

Pristis pectinata

U.S. DPS—Smalltooth sawfish originating from U.S.
waters

E

68 FR 15674, 4/1/2003; 
N 70 FR 69464,
11/16/2005; 76 FR
20558, 4/13/2011; 79 FR
42687, 7/23/2014; 50
CFR 226.218.CH

Sculpin, grotto

Cottus specus

Wherever found

E

78 FR 58938,
9/25/2013; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Sculpin, pygmy

Cottus pygmaeus

Wherever found

T

54 FR 39846,
9/28/1989; 50 CFR
17.44(u).4d

Shark,
daggernose

Isogomphodon oxyrhynchus

Wherever found

E

82 FR 21722, 5/10/2017; 
N 84 FR 13809, 4/8/2019.

Shark,
narrownose
smoothhound

Mustelus schmitti

Wherever found

T

82 FR 21722, 5/10/2017; 
N 84 FR 13809, 4/8/2019.

Shark, oceanic
whitetip

Carcharhinus longimanus

Wherever found

T

83 FR 4153, 1/30/2018; 
N 84 FR 13809, 4/8/2019.

Shark, scalloped
hammerhead
[Central & SW
Atlantic DPS]

Sphyrna lewini

Central & SW Atlantic DPS—see 50 CFR 223.102

T

79 FR 38214, 7/3/2014; 
N 79 FR 52576, 9/4/2014.

Shark, scalloped
hammerhead
[Eastern Atlantic
DPS]

Sphyrna lewini

Eastern Atlantic DPS—see 50 CFR 224.101

E

79 FR 38214, 7/3/2014; 
N 79 FR 52576, 9/4/2014.

Shark, scalloped
hammerhead
[Eastern Pacific
DPS]

Sphyrna lewini

Eastern Pacific DPS—see 50 CFR 224.101

E

79 FR 38214, 7/3/2014; 
N 79 FR 52576, 9/4/2014.

Sphyrna lewini

Indo-West Pacific DPS—see 50 CFR 223.102

T

Shark, scalloped
hammerhead
[Indo-West Pacific
DPS]

79 FR 38214, 7/3/2014; 
N 79 FR 52576, 9/4/2014.

Shark, striped
smoothhound

Mustelus fasciatus

Wherever found

E

82 FR 21722, 5/10/2017; 
N 84 FR 13809, 4/8/2019.

Shiner, Arkansas
River [Arkansas
River Basin DPS]

Notropis girardi

Arkansas River Basin (AR, KS, NM, OK, TX)

T

63 FR 64772,
11/23/1998; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Shiner, beautiful

Cyprinella formosa

Wherever found

T

49 FR 34490,
8/31/1984; 50 CFR
17.44(h); 4d 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Shiner, blue

Cyprinella caerulea

Wherever found

T

57 FR 14786, 4/22/1992.

Shiner, Cahaba

Notropis cahabae

Wherever found

E

55 FR 42961,
10/25/1990.

Shiner, Cape Fear

Notropis mekistocholas

Wherever found

E

52 FR 36034,
9/25/1987; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Shiner, palezone

Notropis albizonatus.

Wherever found

E

58 FR 25758, 4/27/1993.

Shiner, Pecos
bluntnose

Notropis simus pecosensis

Wherever found

T

52 FR 5295,
2/20/1987; 50 CFR
17.44(r); 4d 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Shiner, sharpnose

Notropis oxyrhynchus

Wherever found

E

79 FR 45273,
8/4/2014; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Shiner, smalleye

Notropis buccula

Wherever found

E

79 FR 45273,
8/4/2014; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Shiner, Topeka

Notropis topeka

Wherever found, except where listed as an
experimental population

E

63 FR 69008,
12/15/1998; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Shiner, Topeka

Notropis topeka

U.S.A. (MO—specified portions of Little Creek, Big
Muddy Creek, and Spring Creek watersheds in Adair,
Gentry, Harrison, Putnam, Sullivan, and Worth
Counties; see § 17.84(d)(1)(i))

XN

78 FR 42702,
7/17/2013; 50 CFR
17.84(d).10j

Silverside,
Waccamaw

Menidia extensa

Wherever found

T

52 FR 11277,
4/8/1987; 50 CFR
17.44(s); 4d 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Smelt, delta

Hypomesus transpacificus

Wherever found

T

58 FR 12854,
3/5/1993; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Spikedace

Meda fulgida

Wherever found

E

51 FR 23769,
7/1/1986; 77 FR 10810,
2/23/2012; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Spinedace, Big
Spring

Lepidomeda mollispinis
pratensis

Wherever found

T

50 FR 12298,
3/28/1985; 50 CFR
17.44(i); 4d 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Spinedace, Little
Colorado

Lepidomeda vittata

Wherever found

T

32 FR 4001,
3/11/1967; 35 FR 16047,
10/13/1970; 52 FR
35034, 9/16/1987; 50
CFR 17.44(t); 4d 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Spinedace, White
River

Lepidomeda albivallis

Wherever found

E

50 FR 37194,
9/12/1985; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Springfish, Hiko
White River

Crenichthys baileyi grandis

Wherever found

E

50 FR 39123,
9/27/1985; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Crenichthys nevadae

Wherever found

T

Springfish,
Railroad Valley

51 FR 10857,
3/31/1986; 50 CFR

17.44(n); 4d 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH
Springfish, White
River

Steelhead
[California Central
Valley DPS]

Steelhead
[Central California
Coast DPS]

Steelhead [Lower
Columbia River
DPS]

Crenichthys baileyi baileyi

Oncorhynchus mykiss

Oncorhynchus mykiss

Oncorhynchus mykiss

Wherever found

California Central Valley DPS—see 50 CFR 223.102

Central California Coast DPS—see 50 CFR 223.102

Lower Columbia River DPS—see 50 CFR 223.102

E

50 FR 39123,
9/27/1985; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

T

63 FR 13347, 3/19/1998; 
N 63 FR 32996,
6/17/1998; 71 FR 834,
1/5/2006; N 76 FR 20558,
4/13/2011; 79 FR 42687,
7/23/2014; 50 CFR
223.203; 4d 50 CFR
226.211.CH

T

62 FR 43937, 8/18/1997; 
N 63 FR 32996,
6/17/1998; 71 FR 834,
1/5/2006; N 76 FR 20558,
4/13/2011; 79 FR 42687,
7/23/2014; 50 CFR
223.203; 4d 50 CFR
226.211.CH

T

63 FR 13347, 3/19/1998; 
N 63 FR 32996,
6/17/1998; 76 FR 20558,
4/13/2011; 79 FR 42687,
7/23/2014; 50 CFR
223.203; 4d 50 CFR
226.212.CH

Steelhead [Middle
Columbia River
DPS]

Oncorhynchus mykiss

Middle Columbia River DPS—see 50 CFR 223.102

T

64 FR 14517, 3/25/1999; 
N 64 FR 41835,
8/2/1999; 71 FR 834,
1/5/2006; N 76 FR 20558,
4/13/2011; 79 FR 42687,
7/23/2014; 50 CFR
223.203; 4d 50 CFR
226.212.CH

Steelhead [Middle
Columbia River
DPS—XN]

Oncorhynchus mykiss

Middle Columbia River DPS—XN—see 50 CFR
223.102

XN

78 FR 2893, 1/15/2013; 
N 79 FR 42687,
7/23/2014; 50 CFR
223.301.10j

T

65 FR 36075, 6/7/2000; 
N 65 FR 54177,
9/7/2000; 71 FR 834,
1/5/2006; N 76 FR 20558,
4/13/2011; 79 FR 42687,
7/23/2014; 50 CFR
223.203; 4d 50 CFR
226.211.CH

T

72 FR 26722, 5/11/2007; 
N 76 FR 20558,
4/13/2011; 79 FR 42687,
7/23/2014; 50 CFR
223.203; 4d 50 CFR
226.212.CH

T

62 FR 43937, 8/18/1997; 
N 63 FR 32996,
6/17/1998; 71 FR 834,
1/5/2006; N 76 FR 20558,
4/13/2011; 79 FR 42687,
7/23/2014; 50 CFR
223.203; 4d 50 CFR
226.212.CH

T

62 FR 43937, 8/18/1997; 
N 63 FR 32996,
6/17/1998; 71 FR 834,
1/5/2006; N 76 FR 20558,
4/13/2011; 79 FR 42687,
7/23/2014; 50 CFR
223.203; 4d 50 CFR
226.211.CH

Steelhead
[Northern
California DPS]

Steelhead [Puget
Sound DPS]

Steelhead [Snake
River Basin DPS]

Steelhead [South
Central California
Coast DPS]

Oncorhynchus mykiss

Oncorhynchus mykiss

Oncorhynchus mykiss

Oncorhynchus mykiss

Northern California DPS—see 50 CFR 223.102

Puget Sound DPS—see 50 CFR 223.102

Snake River Basin DPS—see 50 CFR 223.102

South-Central California Coast DPS—see 50 CFR
223.102

Steelhead
[Southern
California DPS]

Steelhead [Upper
Columbia River
DPS]

Oncorhynchus mykiss

Oncorhynchus mykiss

Southern California DPS—see 50 CFR 224.101

Upper Columbia River DPS—see 50 CFR 223.102

E

62 FR 43937, 8/18/1997; 
N 63 FR 32996,
6/17/1998; 71 FR 834,
1/5/2006; N 76 FR 20558,
4/13/2011; 79 FR 42687,
7/23/2014; 50 CFR
226.211.CH

T

62 FR 43937, 8/18/1997; 
N 63 FR 32996,
6/17/1998; 71 FR 834,
1/5/2006; N 76 FR 20558,
4/13/2011; 79 FR 42687,
7/23/2014; 50 CFR
223.203; 4d 50 CFR
226.212.CH

Steelhead [Upper
Willamette River
DPS]

Oncorhynchus mykiss

Upper Willamette River DPS—see 50 CFR 223.102

T

64 FR 14517, 3/25/1999; 
N 64 FR 41835,
8/2/1999; 71 FR 834,
1/5/2006; N 76 FR 20558,
4/13/2011; 79 FR 42687,
7/23/2014; 50 CFR
223.203; 4d 50 CFR
226.212.CH

Stickleback,
unarmored
threespine

Gasterosteus aculeatus
williamsoni

Wherever found

E

35 FR 16047,
10/13/1970.

Sturgeon, Adriatic

Acipenser naccarii

Wherever found

E

79 FR 31222, 6/2/2014; 
N 79 FR 52576, 9/4/2014.

Sturgeon,
Alabama

Scaphirhynchus suttkusi

Wherever found

E

65 FR 26438,
5/5/2000; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Sturgeon, Atlantic
(Atlantic
subspecies)
[Carolina DPS]

Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus

Carolina DPS—see 50 CFR 224.101

E

77 FR 5914, 2/6/2012; 
N 79 FR 42687,
7/23/2014; 50 CFR
226.225. CH

Sturgeon, Atlantic
(Atlantic
subspecies)
[Chesapeake Bay
DPS]

Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus

Chesapeake Bay DPS—see 50 CFR 224.101

E

77 FR 5880, 2/6/2012; 
N 79 FR 42687,
7/23/2014; 50 CFR
226.225. CH

T

77 FR 5880, 2/6/2012; 
N 79 FR 42687,
7/23/2014; 50 CFR
223.211; 4d 50 CFR
226.225. CH

Sturgeon, Atlantic
(Atlantic
subspecies)[Gulf
of Maine DPS]

Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus

Gulf of Maine DPS—see 50 CFR 223.102

Sturgeon, Atlantic
(Atlantic
subspecies)[New
York Bight DPS]

Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus

New York Bight DPS—see 50 CFR 224.101

E

77 FR 5880, 2/6/2012; 
N 79 FR 42687,
7/23/2014; 50 CFR
226.225. CH

Sturgeon, Atlantic
(Atlantic
subspecies)
[South Atlantic
DPS]

Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus

South Atlantic DPS—see 50 CFR 224.101

E

77 FR 5914, 2/6/2012; 
N 79 FR 42687,
7/23/2014; 50 CFR
226.225. CH

Sturgeon, Atlantic
(Gulf subspecies)

Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi

Wherever found

T

56 FR 49653, 9/30/1991; 
N 56 FR 49658,
9/30/1991; 50 CFR
17.44; 4d 50 CFR
17.95(e); CH50 CFR
226.214.CH

Sturgeon, beluga

Huso huso

Wherever found

T

69 FR 18499,
4/8/2004; 50 CFR
17.44(y).4d

Sturgeon,
Chinese

Acipenser sinensis

Wherever found

E

79 FR 31222, 6/2/2014; 
N 79 FR 52576, 9/4/2014.

Sturgeon,
European

Acipenser sturio

Wherever found

E

79 FR 31222, 6/2/2014; 
N 79 FR 52576, 9/4/2014.

Sturgeon, green
[Southern DPS]

Acipenser medirostris

Southern DPS—see 50 CFR 223.102

T

Sturgeon, Kaluga

Huso dauricus

Wherever found

E

79 FR 31222, 6/2/2014; 
N 79 FR 52576, 9/4/2014.

Sturgeon, pallid

Scaphirhynchus albus

Wherever found

E

55 FR 36641, 9/6/1990.

Sturgeon,
Sakhalin

Acipenser mikadoi

Wherever found

E

79 FR 31222, 6/2/2014; 
N 79 FR 52576, 9/4/2014.

Sturgeon,
shortnose

Acipenser brevirostrum

Wherever found

E

32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967.

Sturgeon,
shovelnose

Scaphirhynchus platorynchus

Wherever found

T (S/A)

75 FR 53598,
9/1/2010; 50 CFR
17.44(aa).4d

Sturgeon, white
[Kootenai River
DPS]

Acipenser transmontanus

Kootenai River DPS—U.S.A. (ID, MT), Canada (BC),
(Kootenai R. system)

E

59 FR 45989,
9/6/1994; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Sucker, June

Chasmistes liorus

Wherever found

E

51 FR 10851,
3/31/1986; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Sucker, Lost River

Deltistes luxatus

Wherever found

E

53 FR 27130,
7/18/1988; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Sucker, razorback

Xyrauchen texanus

Wherever found

E

56 FR 54957,
10/23/1991; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Sucker, Santa
Ana [Three CA
river basins DPS]

Catostomus santaanae

Los Angeles River basin, San Gabriel River basin,
Santa Ana River basin

T

65 FR 19686,
4/12/2000; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Sucker, shortnose

Chasmistes brevirostris

Wherever found

E

53 FR 27130,
7/18/1988; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Sucker, Warner

Catostomus warnerensis

Wherever found

T

50 FR 39117,
9/27/1985; 50 CFR
17.44(l); 4d 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Sucker, Zuni
bluehead

Catostomus discobolus yarrowi

Wherever found

E

79 FR 43131,
7/24/2014; 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Sunfish, spring
pygmy

Elassoma alabamae

Wherever found

T

78 FR 60766, 10/2/2013;
50 CFR 17.95(e).CH

Tango, Miyako
(Tokyo bitterling)

Tanakia tanago

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Temoleh, Ikan
(minnow)

Probarbus jullieni

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Topminnow, Gila
(incl. Yaqui)

Poeciliopsis occidentalis

U.S.A. only

E

32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967.

Totoaba (seatrout
or weakfish)

Cynoscion macdonaldi

Wherever found

E

44 FR 29478, 5/21/1979.
32 FR 4001,
3/11/1967; 40 FR 29863,
7/16/1975; 50 CFR
17.44(a).4d

Trout, Apache

Oncorhynchus apache

Wherever found

T

Trout, bull [Lower
48 States DPS]

Salvelinus confluentus

U.S.A., coterminous (lower 48 states), except where
listed as an experimental population

T

71 FR 26835,
5/9/2006; 76 FR 20558,
4/13/2011; 79 FR 42687,
7/23/2014; 50 CFR
223.210; 4d 50 CFR
226.219.CH

63 FR 31647,
6/10/1998; 63 FR 42757,
8/11/1998; 64 FR 17110,
4/8/1999; 64 FR 58910,
11/1/1999; 50 CFR
17.44(w); 4d 50 CFR

17.44(x); 4d 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Trout, bull

Trout, Gila

Trout, greenback
cutthroat

Trout, Lahontan
cutthroat

Trout, Little Kern
golden

Salvelinus confluentus

Oncorhynchus gilae

Oncorhynchus clarkii stomias

Oncorhynchus clarkii henshawi

Oncorhynchus aguabonita whitei

Clackamas River subbasin and the mainstem
Willamette River, from Willamette Falls to its points of
confluence with the Columbia River, including
Multnomah Channel

Wherever found

Wherever found

Wherever found

Wherever found

XN

76 FR 35979,
6/21/2011; 50 CFR
17.84(v).10j

T

32 FR 4001,
3/11/1967; 71 FR 40657,
7/18/2006; 50 CFR
17.44(z).4d

T

32 FR 4001,
3/11/1967; 43 FR 16343,
4/18/1978; 50 CFR
17.44(f).4d

T

35 FR 16047,
10/13/1970; 40 FR
29863, 7/16/1975; 50
CFR 17.44(a).4d

T

43 FR 15427,
4/13/1978; 50 CFR
17.44(e); 4d 50 CFR
17.95(e).CH

Trout, Paiute
cutthroat

Oncorhynchus clarkii seleniris

Wherever found

T

32 FR 4001,
3/11/1967; 40 FR 29863,
7/16/1975; 50 CFR
17.44(a).4d

Woundfin

Plagopterus argentissimus

Wherever found, except where listed as an
experimental population

E

35 FR 16047,
10/13/1970; 50 FR
30188, 7/24/1985; 50
CFR 17.95(e).CH

Woundfin

Plagopterus argentissimus

Gila R. drainage, AZ, NM

XN

50 FR 30188,
7/24/1985; 50 CFR
17.84(b).10j

Acornshell,
southern

Epioblasma othcaloogensis

Wherever found

E

58 FR 14330,
3/17/1993; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Bankclimber,
purple

Elliptoideus sloatianus

Wherever found

T

63 FR 12664,
3/16/1998; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Bean, Choctaw

Villosa choctawensis

Wherever found

E

77 FR 61663,
10/10/2012; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Bean,
Cumberland

Villosa trabalis

Wherever found, except where listed as an
experimental population

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Bean,
Cumberland

Villosa trabalis

U.S.A. (AL—specified portions of the Tennessee River;
see § 17.85(a)(1))

XN

66 FR 32250,
6/14/2001; 50 CFR
17.85(a).10j

Bean,
Cumberland

Villosa trabalis

U.S.A. (TN—specified portions of the French Broad
and Holston Rivers; see § 17.85(b)(1))

XN

72 FR 52434,
9/13/2007; 50 CFR
17.85(b).10j

Bean, Purple

Villosa perpurpurea

Wherever found

E

62 FR 1647,
1/10/1997; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Blossom, green

Epioblasma torulosa
gubernaculum

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Blossom,
tubercled

Epioblasma torulosa torulosa

Wherever found, except where listed as an
experimental population

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Blossom,
tubercled

Epioblasma torulosa torulosa

U.S.A. (AL—specified portions of the Tennessee River;
see § 17.85(a)(1))

XN

66 FR 32250,
6/14/2001; 50 CFR
17.85(a).10j

Blossom, turgid

Epioblasma turgidula

Wherever found, except where listed as an

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Clams

experimental population
Blossom, turgid

Epioblasma turgidula

U.S.A. (AL—specified portions of the Tennessee River;
see § 17.85(a)(1))

XN

66 FR 32250,
6/14/2001; 50 CFR
17.85(a).10j

Blossom, yellow

Epioblasma florentina florentina

Wherever found, except where listed as an
experimental population

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Blossom, yellow

Epioblasma florentina florentina

U.S.A. (AL—specified portions of the Tennessee River;
see § 17.85(a)(1))

XN

66 FR 32250,
6/14/2001; 50 CFR
17.85(a).10j

Purple cat's paw
(pearlymussel)

Epioblasma obliquata obliquata

Wherever found, except where listed as an
experimental population

E

55 FR 28209, 7/10/1990.

Purple cat's paw
(pearlymussel)

Epioblasma obliquata obliquata

U.S.A. (AL—specified portions of the Tennessee River;
see § 17.85(a)(1))

XN

66 FR 32250,
6/14/2001; 50 CFR
17.85(a).10j

Catspaw, white
(pearlymussel)

Epioblasma obliquata perobliqua

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Clubshell

Pleurobema clava

Wherever found, except where listed as an
experimental population

E

58 FR 5638, 1/22/1993.

Clubshell

Pleurobema clava

U.S.A. (AL—specified portions of the Tennessee River;
see § 17.85(a)(1))

XN

66 FR 32250,
6/14/2001; 50 CFR
17.85(a).10j

Clubshell, black

Pleurobema curtum

Wherever found

E

52 FR 11162, 4/7/1987.

Clubshell, ovate

Pleurobema perovatum

Wherever found

E

58 FR 14330,
3/17/1993; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Clubshell,
southern

Pleurobema decisum

Wherever found

E

58 FR 14330,
3/17/1993; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Combshell,
Cumberlandian

Epioblasma brevidens

Wherever found, except where listed as an
experimental population

E

62 FR 1647,
1/10/1997; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Combshell,
Cumberlandian

Epioblasma brevidens

U.S.A. (AL—specified portions of the Tennessee River;
see § 17.85(a)(1))

XN

66 FR 32250,
6/14/2001; 50 CFR
17.85(a).10j

Combshell,
Cumberlandian

Epioblasma brevidens

U.S.A. (TN—specified portions of the French Broad
and Holston Rivers; see § 17.85(b)(1)

XN

72 FR 52434,
9/13/2007; 50 CFR
17.85(b).10j

Combshell,
southern

Epioblasma (=Dysnomia) penita

Wherever found

E

52 FR 11162, 4/7/1987.

Combshell,
upland

Epioblasma metastriata

Wherever found

E

77 FR 61663,
10/10/2012; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Ebonyshell, round

Fusconaia rotulata

Wherever found

E

58 FR 14330,
3/17/1993; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Elktoe,
Appalachian

Alasmidonta raveneliana

Wherever found

E

59 FR 60324,
11/23/1994; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Elktoe,
Cumberland

Alasmidonta atropurpurea

Wherever found

E

62 FR 1647,
1/10/1997; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Fanshell

Cyprogenia stegaria

Wherever found, except where listed as an
experimental population

E

55 FR 25591, 6/21/1990.

Fanshell

Cyprogenia stegaria

U.S.A. (TN—specified portions of the French Broad
and Holston Rivers; see § 17.85(b)(1))

XN

72 FR 52434,
9/13/2007; 50 CFR
17.85(b).10j

Fatmucket,
Arkansas

Lampsilis powelli

Wherever found

T

55 FR 12797, 4/5/1990.

Heelsplitter,

Potamilus inflatus

Wherever found

T

55 FR 39868, 9/28/1990.

inflated
Heelsplitter,
Carolina

Lasmigona decorata

Wherever found

E

58 FR 34926,
6/30/1993; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Higgins eye
(pearlymussel)

Lampsilis higginsii

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Hornshell, Texas

Popenaias popeii

Wherever found

E

83 FR 5720, 2/9/2018.

Kidneyshell, fluted

Ptychobranchus subtentus

Wherever found

E

78 FR 59269,
9/26/2013; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Kidneyshell,
southern

Ptychobranchus jonesi

Wherever found

E

77 FR 61663,
10/10/2012; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Kidneyshell,
triangular

Ptychobranchus greenii

Wherever found

E

58 FR 14330,
3/17/1993; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Lampmussel,
Alabama

Lampsilis virescens

Wherever found, except where listed as an
experimental population

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Lampmussel,
Alabama

Lampsilis virescens

U.S.A. (AL—specified portions of the Tennessee River;
see § 17.85(a)(1))

XN

66 FR 32250,
6/14/2001; 50 CFR
17.85(a).10j

Lance, yellow

Elliptio lanceolata

Wherever found

T

83 FR 14189, 4/3/2018.

Lilliput, pale

Toxolasma cylindrellus

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Mapleleaf, winged
(mussel)

Quadrula fragosa

Wherever found, except where listed as an
experimental population

E

56 FR 28345, 6/20/1991.

Mapleleaf, winged
(mussel)

Quadrula fragosa

U.S.A. (AL—specified portions of the Tennessee River;
see § 17.85(a)(1))

XN

66 FR 32250,
6/14/2001; 50 CFR
17.85(a).10j

Moccasinshell,
Alabama

Medionidus acutissimus

Wherever found

T

58 FR 14330,
3/17/1993; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Moccasinshell,
Coosa

Medionidus parvulus

Wherever found

E

58 FR 14330,
3/17/1993; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Moccasinshell,
Gulf

Medionidus penicillatus

Wherever found

E

63 FR 12664,
3/16/1998; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Moccasinshell,
Ochlockonee

Medionidus simpsonianus

Wherever found

E

63 FR 12664,
3/16/1998; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Moccasinshell,
Suwannee

Medionidus walkeri

Wherever found

T

81 FR 69417, 10/6/2016.

Monkeyface,
Appalachian
(pearlymussel)

Quadrula sparsa

Wherever found, except where listed as an
experimental population

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Monkeyface,
Appalachian
(pearlymussel)

Quadrula sparsa

U.S.A. (TN—specified portions of the French Broad
and Holston Rivers; see § 17.85(b)(1))

XN

72 FR 52434,
9/13/2007; 50 CFR
17.85(b).10j

Monkeyface,
Cumberland

Quadrula intermedia

Wherever found, except where listed as an
experimental population

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Monkeyface,
Cumberland

Quadrula intermedia

U.S.A. (AL—specified portions of the Tennessee River;
see § 17.85(a)(1))

XN

66 FR 32250,
6/14/2001; 50 CFR
17.85(a).10j

Monkeyface,
Cumberland

Quadrula intermedia

U.S.A. (TN—specified portions of the French Broad
and Holston Rivers; see § 17.85(b)(1))

XN

72 FR 52434,
9/13/2007; 50 CFR
17.85(b).10j

Mucket, Neosho

Lampsilis rafinesqueana

Wherever found

E

78 FR 57076,
9/17/2013; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Mucket,
orangenacre

Lampsilis perovalis

Wherever found

T

58 FR 14330,
3/17/1993; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Mucket, pink
(pearlymussel)

Lampsilis abrupta

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Mussel, oyster

Epioblasma capsaeformis

Wherever found, except where listed as an
experimental population

E

62 FR 1647,
1/10/1997; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Mussel, oyster

Epioblasma capsaeformis

U.S.A. (AL—specified portions of the Tennessee River;
see § 17.85(a)(1))

XN

66 FR 32250,
6/14/2001; 50 CFR
17.85(a).10j

Mussel, oyster

Epioblasma capsaeformis

U.S.A. (TN—specified portions of the French Broad
and Holston Rivers; see § 17.85(b)(1))

XN

72 FR 52434,
9/13/2007; 50 CFR
17.85(b).10j

Mussel, rayed
bean

Villosa fabalis

Wherever found

E

77 FR 8632, 2/14/2012.

Mussel, scaleshell

Leptodea leptodon

Wherever found

E

66 FR 51322, 10/9/2001.

Pearlshell,
Alabama

Margaritifera marrianae

Wherever found

E

77 FR 61663,
10/10/2012; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Pearlshell,
Louisiana

Margaritifera hembeli

Wherever found

T

53 FR 3567, 2/5/1988; 58
FR 49935, 9/24/1993.

Pearlymussel,
birdwing

Lemiox rimosus

Wherever found, except where listed as an
experimental population

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Pearlymussel,
birdwing

Lemiox rimosus

U.S.A. (AL—specified portions of the Tennessee River;
see § 17.85(a)(1))

XN

66 FR 32250,
6/14/2001; 50 CFR
17.85(a).10j

Pearlymussel,
birdwing

Lemiox rimosus

U.S.A. (TN—specified portions of the French Broad
and Holston Rivers; see § 17.85(b)(1))

XN

72 FR 52434,
9/13/2007; 50 CFR
17.85(b).10j

Pearlymussel,
cracking

Hemistena lata

Wherever found, except where listed as an
experimental population

E

54 FR 39850, 9/28/1989.

Pearlymussel,
cracking

Hemistena lata

U.S.A. (AL—specified portions of the Tennessee River;
see § 17.85(a)(1))

XN

66 FR 32250,
6/14/2001; 50 CFR
17.85(a).10j

Pearlymussel,
cracking

Hemistena lata

U.S.A. (TN—specified portions of the French Broad
and Holston Rivers; see § 17.85(b)(1))

XN

72 FR 52434,
9/13/2007; 50 CFR
17.85(b).10j

Pearlymussel,
Curtis

Epioblasma florentina curtisii

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Pearlymussel,
dromedary

Dromus dromas

Wherever found, except where listed as an
experimental population

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Pearlymussel,
dromedary

Dromus dromas

U.S.A. (AL—specified portions of the Tennessee River;
see § 17.85(a)(1))

XN

66 FR 32250,
6/14/2001; 50 CFR
17.85(a).10j

Pearlymussel,
dromedary

Dromus dromas

U.S.A. (TN—specified portions of the French Broad
and Holston Rivers; see § 17.85(b)(1))

XN

72 FR 52434,
9/13/2007; 50 CFR
17.85(b).10j

Pearlymussel,
littlewing

Pegias fabula

Wherever found

E

53 FR 45861,
11/14/1988.

Pearlymussel,
Nicklin's

Megalonaias nicklineana

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Pearlymussel,
slabside

Pleuronaia dolabelloides

Wherever found

E

78 FR 59269,
9/26/2013; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Pearlymussel,
Tampico

Cyrtonaias tampicoensis
tecomatensis

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Pigtoe,
Cumberland

Pleurobema gibberum

Wherever found

E

56 FR 21084, 5/7/1991.

Pigtoe, dark

Pleurobema furvum

Wherever found

E

58 FR 14330,
3/17/1993; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Pigtoe, finerayed

Fusconaia cuneolus

Wherever found, except where listed as an
experimental population

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Pigtoe, finerayed

Fusconaia cuneolus

U.S.A. (AL—specified portions of the Tennessee River;
see § 17.85(a)(1))

XN

66 FR 32250,
6/14/2001; 50 CFR
17.85(a).10j

Pigtoe, finerayed

Fusconaia cuneolus

U.S.A. (TN—specified portions of the French Broad
and Holston Rivers; see § 17.85(b)(1))

XN

72 FR 52434,
9/13/2007; 50 CFR
17.85(b).10j

Pigtoe, flat

Pleurobema marshalli

Wherever found

E

52 FR 11162, 4/7/1987.

Pigtoe, fuzzy

Pleurobema strodeanum

Wherever found

T

77 FR 61663,
10/10/2012; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Pigtoe, Georgia

Pleurobema hanleyianum

Wherever found

E

75 FR 67512,
11/2/2010; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Pigtoe, heavy

Pleurobema taitianum

Wherever found

E

52 FR 11162, 4/7/1987.

Pigtoe, narrow

Fusconaia escambia

Wherever found

T

77 FR 61663,
10/10/2012; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Pigtoe, oval

Pleurobema pyriforme

Wherever found

E

63 FR 12664,
3/16/1998; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Pigtoe, rough

Pleurobema plenum

Wherever found, except where listed as an
experimental population

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Pigtoe, rough

Pleurobema plenum

U.S.A. (TN—specified portions of the French Broad
and Holston Rivers; see § 17.85(b)(1))

XN

72 FR 52434,
9/13/2007; 50 CFR
17.85(b).10j

Pigtoe, shiny

Fusconaia cor

Wherever found, except where listed as an
experimental population

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Pigtoe, shiny

Fusconaia cor

U.S.A. (AL—specified portions of the Tennessee River;
see § 17.85(a)(1))

XN

66 FR 32250,
6/14/2001; 50 CFR
17.85(a).10j

Pigtoe, shiny

Fusconaia cor

U.S.A. (TN—specified portions of the French Broad
and Holston Rivers; see § 17.85(b)(1))

XN

72 FR 52434,
9/13/2007; 50 CFR
17.85(b).10j

Pigtoe, southern

Pleurobema georgianum

Wherever found

E

58 FR 14330,
3/17/1993; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Pigtoe, tapered

Fusconaia burkei

Wherever found

T

77 FR 61663,
10/10/2012; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Pimpleback,
orangefoot

Plethobasus cooperianus

Wherever found, except where listed as an
experimental population

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Pimpleback,
orangefoot

Plethobasus cooperianus

U.S.A. (TN—specified portions of the French Broad
and Holston Rivers; see § 17.85(b)(1))

XN

72 FR 52434,
9/13/2007; 50 CFR
17.85(b).10j

Pink, ring

Obovaria retusa

Wherever found, except where listed as an
experimental population

E

54 FR 40109, 9/29/1989.

Pink, ring

Obovaria retusa

U.S.A. (TN—specified portions of the French Broad
and Holston Rivers; see § 17.85(b)(1))

XN

72 FR 52434,
9/13/2007; 50 CFR
17.85(b).10j

Pocketbook, fat

Potamilus capax

Wherever found

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Pocketbook,
finelined

Lampsilis altilis

Wherever found

T

58 FR 14330,
3/17/1993; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Rock-pocketbook,
Ouachita

Arkansia wheeleri

Wherever found

E

56 FR 54950,
10/23/1991.

Pocketbook,
shinyrayed

Lampsilis subangulata

Wherever found

E

63 FR 12664,
3/16/1998; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Pocketbook,
speckled

Lampsilis streckeri

Wherever found

E

54 FR 8339, 2/28/1989.

Rabbitsfoot

Quadrula cylindrica cylindrica

Wherever found

T

78 FR 57076,
9/17/2013; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Rabbitsfoot,
rough

Quadrula cylindrica strigillata

Wherever found

E

62 FR 1647,
1/10/1997; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Riffleshell,
northern

Epioblasma torulosa rangiana

Wherever found

E

58 FR 5638, 1/22/1993.

Riffleshell, tan

Epioblasma florentina walkeri
(=E. walkeri)

Wherever found

E

42 FR 42351, 8/23/1977.

Sandshell,
southern

Hamiota australis

Wherever found

T

77 FR 61663,
10/10/2012; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Sheepnose

Plethobasus cyphyus

Wherever found

E

77 FR 14914, 3/13/2012.

Slabshell, Chipola

Elliptio chipolaensis

Wherever found

T

63 FR 12664,
3/16/1998; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Snuffbox (mussel)

Epioblasma triquetra

Wherever found

E

77 FR 8632, 2/14/2012.

Spectaclecase

Cumberlandia monodonta

Wherever found

E

77 FR 14914, 3/13/2012.

Spinymussel,
Altamaha

Elliptio spinosa

Wherever found

E

76 FR 62928,
10/11/2011; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Spinymussel,
James

Pleurobema collina

Wherever found

E

53 FR 27689, 7/22/1988.

Spinymussel, Tar
River

Elliptio steinstansana

Wherever found

E

50 FR 26572, 6/27/1985.

Stirrupshell

Quadrula stapes

Wherever found

E

52 FR 11162, 4/7/1987.

Threeridge, fat

Amblema neislerii

Wherever found

E

63 FR 12664,
3/16/1998; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Wartyback, white

Plethobasus cicatricosus

Wherever found, except where listed as an
experimental population

E

41 FR 24062, 6/14/1976.

Wartyback, white

Plethobasus cicatricosus

U.S.A. (TN—specified portions of the French Broad
and Holston Rivers; see § 17.85(b)(1))

XN

72 FR 52434,
9/13/2007; 50 CFR
17.85(b).10j

Wedgemussel,
dwarf

Alasmidonta heterodon

Wherever found

E

55 FR 9447, 3/14/1990.

Snails

Abalone, Black

Haliotis cracherodii

Wherever found

E

74 FR 1937, 1/14/2009; 
N 76 FR 20558,
4/13/2011; 79 FR 42687,
7/23/2014; 50 CFR
226.221.CH

Abalone, white

Haliotis sorenseni

Wherever found

E

66 FR 29054, 5/29/2001; 
N 70 FR 69464,
11/16/2005.

Ambersnail,
Kanab

Oxyloma haydeni kanabensis

Wherever found

E

56 FR 37668,
8/8/1991; 57 FR 13657,
4/17/1992; 57 FR 44340,
9/25/1992.

Campeloma,
slender

Campeloma decampi

Wherever found

E

65 FR 10033, 2/25/2000.

Cavesnail,
Tumbling Creek

Antrobia culveri

Wherever found

E

67 FR 52879,
8/14/2002; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Elimia, lacy

Elimia crenatella

Wherever found

T

63 FR 57610,
10/28/1998.

Hornsnail, rough

Pleurocera foremani

Wherever found

E

75 FR 67512,
11/2/2010; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Limpet, Banbury
Springs

Lanx sp.

Wherever found

E

57 FR 59244,
12/14/1992.

Lioplax, cylindrical

Lioplax cyclostomaformis

Wherever found

E

63 FR 57610,
10/28/1998.

Marstonia,
armored (snail)

Pyrgulopsis (=Marstonia)
pachyta

Wherever found

E

65 FR 10033, 2/25/2000.

Marstonia, royal

Pyrgulopsis ogmorhaphe

Wherever found

E

59 FR 17994, 4/15/1994.

Pebblesnail, flat

Lepyrium showalteri

Wherever found

E

63 FR 57610,
10/28/1998.

Pecos assiminea

Assiminea pecos

Wherever found

E

76 FR 33036,
6/7/2011; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Riversnail,
Anthony's

Athearnia anthonyi

Wherever found, except where listed as an
experimental population

E

59 FR 17994, 4/15/1994.

Riversnail,
Anthony's

Athearnia anthonyi

U.S.A. (AL—specified portions of the Tennessee River;
see § 17.85(a)(1))

XN

66 FR 32250,
6/14/2001; 50 CFR
17.85(a).10j

Riversnail,
Anthony's

Athearnia anthonyi

U.S.A. (TN—specified portions of the French Broad
and Holston Rivers; see § 17.85(b)(1))

XN

72 FR 52434,
9/13/2007; 50 CFR
17.85(b).10j

Rocksnail,
interrupted

Leptoxis foremani

Wherever found

E

75 FR 67512,
11/2/2010; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Rocksnail,
painted

Leptoxis taeniata

Wherever found

T

63 FR 57610,
10/28/1998.

Rocksnail, plicate

Leptoxis plicata

Wherever found

E

63 FR 57610,
10/28/1998.

Rocksnail, round

Leptoxis ampla

Wherever found

T

63 FR 57610,
10/28/1998.

Snail, Bliss
Rapids

Taylorconcha serpenticola

Wherever found

T

57 FR 59244,
12/14/1992.

Snail,
Chittenango ovate
amber

Succinea chittenangoensis

Wherever found

T

43 FR 28932, 7/3/1978.

Snail, flat-spired
three-toothed

Triodopsis platysayoides

Wherever found

T

43 FR 28932, 7/3/1978.

Snail, fragile tree
(Akaleha dogas,
Denden)

Samoana fragilis

Wherever found

E

80 FR 59423, 10/1/2015.

Snail, Guam tree
(Akaleha,
Denden)

Partula radiolata

Wherever found

E

80 FR 59423, 10/1/2015.

Snail, humped
tree (Akaleha,
Denden)

Partula gibba

Wherever found

E

80 FR 59423, 10/1/2015.

Snail, Iowa
Pleistocene

Discus macclintocki

Wherever found

E

43 FR 28932, 7/3/1978.

Snail, Lanai tree

Partulina semicarinata

Wherever found

E

78 FR 32013, 5/28/2013.

Snail, Lanai tree

Partulina variabilis

Wherever found

E

78 FR 32013, 5/28/2013.

Snail, Langford's
tree (Akaleha,
Denden)

Partula langfordi

Wherever found

E

80 FR 59423, 10/1/2015.

Snail, Manus
Island tree

Papustyla pulcherrima

Wherever found

E

35 FR 8491, 6/2/1970.

Snail, Morro
shoulderband
(=Banded dune)

Helminthoglypta walkeriana

Wherever found

E

59 FR 64613,
12/15/1994; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Snail, Newcomb's

Erinna newcombi

Wherever found

T

65 FR 4162,
1/26/2000; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Snail, Newcomb's
tree

Newcombia cumingi

Wherever found

E

78 FR 32013,
5/28/2013; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Snail [no common
name]

Eua zebrina

Wherever found

E

81 FR 65466, 9/22/2016.

Snail [no common
name]

Ostodes strigatus

Wherever found

E

81 FR 65466, 9/22/2016.

Snail, noonday

Mesodon clarki nantahala

Wherever found

T

43 FR 28932, 7/3/1978.

Snail, painted
snake coiled
forest

Anguispira picta

Wherever found

T

43 FR 28932, 7/3/1978.

Snail, Snake
River physa

Physa natricina

Wherever found

E

57 FR 59244,
12/14/1992.

Snail, Stock
Island tree

Orthalicus reses (not
incl. nesodryas )

Wherever found

T

43 FR 28932, 7/3/1978.

Snail, tulotoma

Tulotoma magnifica

Wherever found

T

56 FR 797, 1/9/1991; 76
FR 31866, 6/2/2011.

Snail, Virginia
fringed mountain

Polygyriscus virginianus

Wherever found

E

43 FR 28932, 7/3/1978.

Snails, Oahu tree

Achatinella spp.

Wherever found

E

46 FR 3178,
1/13/1981; 46 FR 40025,
8/6/1981.

Springsnail,
Alamosa

Tryonia alamosae

Wherever found

E

56 FR 49646, 9/30/1991.

Springsnail,
Bruneau Hot

Pyrgulopsis bruneauensis

Wherever found

E

58 FR 5938, 1/25/1993.

Springsnail,
Chupadera

Pyrgulopsis chupaderae

Wherever found

E

77 FR 41088,
7/12/2012; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Springsnail,
Koster's

Juturnia kosteria

Wherever found

E

76 FR 33036,
6/7/2011; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Springsnail,
Phantom

Pyrgulopsis texana

Wherever found

E

78 FR 41227,
7/9/2013; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Springsnail,
Roswell

Pyrgulopsis roswellensis

Wherever found

E

76 FR 33036,
6/7/2011; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Springsnail, San
Bernardino

Pyrgulopsis bernardina

Wherever found

T

77 FR 23060,
4/17/2012; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Springsnail,
Socorro

Pyrgulopsis neomexicana

Wherever found

E

56 FR 49646, 9/30/1991.

Springsnail, Three
Forks

Pyrgulopsis trivialis

Wherever found

E

77 FR 23060,
4/17/2012; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Tryonia, Diamond

Pseudotryonia adamantina

Wherever found

E

78 FR 41227,
7/9/2013; 50 CFR

17.95(f).CH
Tryonia, Gonzales

Tryonia circumstriata

Wherever found

E

78 FR 41227,
7/9/2013; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Tryonia, Phantom

Tryonia cheatumi

Wherever found

E

78 FR 41227,
7/9/2013; 50 CFR
17.95(f).CH

Bee, bumble,
rusty patched

Bombus affinis

Wherever found

E

82 FR 3186, 1/11/2017.

Bee, yellow-faced

Hylaeus anthracinus

Wherever found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Bee, yellow-faced

Hylaeus assimulans

Wherever found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Bee, yellow-faced

Hylaeus facilis

Wherever found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Bee, yellow-faced

Hylaeus hilaris

Wherever found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Bee, yellow-faced

Hylaeus kuakea

Wherever found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Bee, yellow-faced

Hylaeus longiceps

Wherever found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Bee, yellow-faced

Hylaeus mana

Wherever found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Beetle, American
burying

Nicrophorus americanus

Entire, except where listed as an experimental
population

E

54 FR 29652, 7/13/1989.

Beetle, American
burying

Nicrophorus americanus

In southwestern Missouri, the counties of Cedar, St.
Clair, Bates, and Vernon

XN

77 FR 16712,
3/22/2012; 50 CFR
17.85(c).10j

Beetle, Casey's
June

Dinacoma caseyi

Wherever found

E

76 FR 58954,
9/22/2011; 50 CFR
17.95(i).CH

Beetle, Coffin
Cave mold

Batrisodes texanus

Wherever found

E

53 FR 36029,
9/16/1988; 58 FR 43818,
8/18/1993.

Beetle, Comal
Springs dryopid

Stygoparnus comalensis

Wherever found

E

62 FR 66295,
12/18/1997; 50 CFR
17.95(i).CH

Beetle, Comal
Springs riffle

Heterelmis comalensis

Wherever found

E

62 FR 66295,
12/18/1997; 50 CFR
17.95(i).CH

Beetle, delta
green ground

Elaphrus viridis

Wherever found

T

45 FR 52807,
8/8/1980; 50 CFR
17.95(i).CH

Beetle, Helotes
mold

Batrisodes venyivi

Wherever found

E

70 FR 69854,
11/17/2005; 50 CFR
17.95(i).CH

Beetle,
Hungerford's
crawling water

Brychius hungerfordi

Wherever found

E

59 FR 10580, 3/7/1994.

Beetle,
Kretschmarr Cave
mold

Texamaurops reddelli

Wherever found

E

53 FR 36029,
9/16/1988; 58 FR 43818,
8/18/1993.

Beetle, Miami
tiger

Cicindelidia floridana

U.S.A. (FL)

E

81 FR 68985, 10/5/2016.

Beetle, Mount
Hermon June

Polyphylla barbata

Wherever found

E

62 FR 3616, 1/24/1997.

Beetle, (no
common name)

Rhadine exilis

Wherever found

E

70 FR 69854,
11/17/2005; 50 CFR
17.95(i).CH

Beetle, (no
common name)

Rhadine infernalis

Wherever found

E

70 FR 69854,
11/17/2005; 50 CFR
17.95(i).CH

Beetle,

Cicindela dorsalis dorsalis

Wherever found

T

55 FR 32088, 8/7/1990.

Insects

Northeastern
beach tiger
Beetle, Ohlone
tiger

Cicindela ohlone

Wherever found

E

66 FR 50340, 8/3/2001.

Beetle, Puritan
tiger

Cicindela puritana

Wherever found

T

55 FR 32088, 8/7/1990.

Beetle, Salt Creek
tiger

Cicindela nevadica lincolniana

Wherever found

E

70 FR 58335,
10/6/2005; 50 CFR
17.95(i).CH

Beetle, Tooth
Cave ground

Rhadine persephone

Wherever found

E

53 FR 36029, 9/16/1988.

Beetle, valley
elderberry
longhorn

Desmocerus californicus
dimorphus

Wherever found

T

45 FR 52803,
8/8/1980; 50 CFR
17.95(i).CH

Butterfly,
Bartram's scrubhairstreak

Strymon acis bartrami

Wherever found

E

79 FR 47221,
8/12/2014; 50 CFR
17.95(i).CH

Butterfly, bay
checkerspot

Euphydryas editha bayensis

Wherever found

T

52 FR 35366,
9/18/1987; 50 CFR
17.95(i).CH

Butterfly, Behren's
silverspot

Speyeria zerene behrensii

Wherever found

E

62 FR 64306, 12/5/1997.

Butterfly, callippe
silverspot

Speyeria callippe callippe

Wherever found

E

62 FR 64306, 12/5/1997.

Butterfly, cassius
blue

Leptotes cassius theonus

Coastal south and central FL

T (S/A)

77 FR 20948, 4/6/2012.

Butterfly,
ceraunus blue

Hemiargus ceraunus
antibubastus

Coastal south and central FL

T (S/A)

77 FR 20948, 4/6/2012.

Butterfly, Corsican
swallowtail

Papilio hospiton

Wherever found

E

58 FR 4356, 1/14/1993.

Butterfly, El
Segundo blue

Euphilotes battoides allyni

Wherever found

E

41 FR 22041, 6/14/1976.

Butterfly, Fender's
blue

Icaricia icarioides fenderi

Wherever found

E

65 FR 3875,
1/25/2000; 50 CFR
17.95(i).CH

Butterfly, Florida
leafwing

Anaea troglodyta floridalis

Wherever found

E

79 FR 47221,
8/12/2014; 50 CFR
17.95(i).CH

Butterfly,
Homerus
swallowtail

Papilio homerus

Wherever found

E

58 FR 4356, 1/14/1993.

Butterfly, Karner
blue

Lycaeides melissa samuelis

Wherever found

E

57 FR 59236,
12/14/1992.

Butterfly, Lange's
metalmark

Apodemia mormo langei

Wherever found

E

41 FR 22041, 6/14/1976.

Butterfly, lotis blue

Lycaeides argyrognomon lotis

Wherever found

E

41 FR 22041, 6/14/1976.

Butterfly, Luzon
peacock
swallowtail

Papilio chikae

Wherever found

E

58 FR 4356, 1/14/1993.

Butterfly, Mariana
eight-spot
(Ababbang,
Libweibwogh)

Hypolimnas octocula
marianensis

Wherever found

E

80 FR 59423, 10/1/2015.

Butterfly, Mariana
wandering
(Ababbang,
Libweibwogh)

Vagrans egistina

Wherever found

E

80 FR 59423, 10/1/2015.

Butterfly, Miami
blue

Cyclargus thomasi
bethunebakeri

Wherever found

E

77 FR 20948, 4/6/2012.

Butterfly, mission
blue

Icaricia icarioides missionensis

Wherever found

E

41 FR 22041, 6/14/1976.

Butterfly,
Mitchell's satyr

Neonympha mitchellii mitchellii

Wherever found

E

56 FR 28825,
6/25/1991; 57 FR 21564,
5/20/1992.

Butterfly, Mount
Charleston blue

Icaricia (Plebejus) shasta
charlestonensis

Wherever found

E

78 FR 57749,
9/19/2013; 50 CFR
17.95(i).CH

Butterfly, Myrtle's
silverspot

Speyeria zerene myrtleae

Wherever found

E

57 FR 27848, 6/22/1992.

Butterfly,
nickerbean blue

Cyclargus ammon

Coastal south and central FL

T (S/A)

77 FR 20948,
4/6/2012; 50 CFR
17.47(a).4d

Butterfly, Oregon
silverspot

Speyeria zerene hippolyta

Wherever found, except where listed as an
experimental population

T

45 FR 44935, 7/2/1980;
50 CFR 17.95(i).CH

Butterfly, Oregon
silverspot

Speyeria zerene hippolyta

U.S.A. (OR—specified portions of Clatsop and
Tillamook Counties; see § 17.85(d))

XN

82 FR 28567;
06/23/2017.

Butterfly, Palos
Verdes blue

Glaucopsyche lygdamus
palosverdesensis

Wherever found

E

45 FR 44935,
7/2/1980; 50 CFR
17.95(i).CH

Butterfly, Queen
Alexandra's
birdwing

Troides alexandrae

Wherever found

E

54 FR 38950, 9/21/1989.

Butterfly, Quino
checkerspot

Euphydryas editha quino

Wherever found

E

62 FR 2313,
1/16/1997; 50 CFR
17.95(i).CH

Butterfly, Saint
Francis' satyr

Neonympha mitchellii francisci

Wherever found

E

59 FR 18324,
4/18/1994; 60 FR 5264,
1/26/1995.

Butterfly, San
Bruno elfin

Callophrys mossii bayensis

Wherever found

E

41 FR 22041, 6/14/1976.

Butterfly, Schaus
swallowtail

Heraclides aristodemus
ponceanus

Wherever found

E

41 FR 17736,
4/28/1976; 49 FR 34501,
8/31/1984.

Butterfly, Smith's
blue

Euphilotes enoptes smithi

Wherever found

E

41 FR 22041, 6/14/1976.

Butterfly, Taylor's
checkerspot

Euphydryas editha taylori

Wherever found

E

78 FR 61451,
10/3/2013; 50 CFR
17.95(i).CH

Butterfly,
Uncompahgre
fritillary

Boloria acrocnema

Wherever found

E

56 FR 28712, 6/24/1991.

Damselfly,
blackline
Hawaiian

Megalagrion nigrohamatum
nigrolineatum

Wherever found

E

77 FR 57647,
9/18/2012; 50 CFR
17.95(i).CH

Damselfly,
crimson Hawaiian

Megalagrion leptodemas

Wherever found

E

77 FR 57647,
9/18/2012; 50 CFR
17.95(i).CH

Damselfly, flying
earwig Hawaiian

Megalagrion nesiotes

Wherever found

E

52 FR 21481,
6/5/1987; 50 CFR
17.95(i).CH

Damselfly,
oceanic Hawaiian

Megalagrion oceanicum

Wherever found

E

77 FR 57647,
9/18/2012; 50 CFR
17.95(i).CH

Damselfly,
orangeblack
Hawaiian

Megalagrion xanthomelas

Wherever found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Damselfly, Pacific
Hawaiian

Megalagrion pacificum

Wherever found

E

52 FR 21481,
6/5/1987; 50 CFR
17.95(i).CH

Damselfly, Rota

Ischnura luta

Wherever found

E

80 FR 59423, 10/1/2015.

blue (Dulalas
Luta, Dulalas
Luuta)
Dragonfly, Hine's
emerald

Somatochlora hineana

Wherever found

E

60 FR 5267,
1/26/1995; 50 CFR
17.95(i).CH

Fly, Delhi Sands
flower-loving

Rhaphiomidas terminatus
abdominalis

Wherever found

E

58 FR 49881, 9/23/1993.

Fly, Hawaiian
picture-wing

Drosophila aglaia

Wherever found

E

71 FR 26835,
5/9/2006; 50 CFR
17.95(i).CH

Fly, Hawaiian
picture-wing

Drosophila differens

Wherever found

E

71 FR 26835,
5/9/2006; 50 CFR
17.95(i).CH

Fly, Hawaiian
picture-wing

Drosophila digressa

Wherever found

E

78 FR 64637,
10/29/2013.

Fly, Hawaiian
picture-wing

Drosophila hemipeza

Wherever found

E

71 FR 26835,
5/9/2006; 50 CFR
17.95(i).CH

Fly, Hawaiian
picture-wing

Drosophila heteroneura

Wherever found

E

71 FR 26835,
5/9/2006; 50 CFR
17.95(i).CH

Fly, Hawaiian
picture-wing

Drosophila montgomeryi

Wherever found

E

71 FR 26835,
5/9/2006; 50 CFR
17.95(i).CH

Fly, Hawaiian
picture-wing

Drosophila mulli

Wherever found

T

71 FR 26835,
5/9/2006; 50 CFR
17.95(i).CH

Fly, Hawaiian
picture-wing

Drosophila musaphilia

Wherever found

E

71 FR 26835,
5/9/2006; 50 CFR
17.95(i).CH

Fly, Hawaiian
picture-wing

Drosophila neoclavisetae

Wherever found

E

71 FR 26835,
5/9/2006; 50 CFR
17.95(i).CH

Fly, Hawaiian
picture-wing

Drosophila obatai

Wherever found

E

71 FR 26835,
5/9/2006; 50 CFR
17.95(i).CH

Fly, Hawaiian
picture-wing

Drosophila ochrobasis

Wherever found

E

71 FR 26835,
5/9/2006; 50 CFR
17.95(i).CH

Fly, Hawaiian
picture-wing

Drosophila sharpi

Wherever found

E

71 FR 26835,
5/9/2006; 50 CFR
17.95(i).CH

Fly, Hawaiian
picture-wing

Drosophila substenoptera

Wherever found

E

71 FR 26835,
5/9/2006; 50 CFR
17.95(i).CH

Fly, Hawaiian
picture-wing

Drosophila tarphytrichia

Wherever found

E

71 FR 26835,
5/9/2006; 50 CFR
17.95(i).CH

Grasshopper,
Zayante bandwinged

Trimerotropis infantilis

Wherever found

E

62 FR 3616,
1/24/1997; 50 CFR
17.95(i).CH

Moth, Blackburn's
sphinx

Manduca blackburni

Wherever found

E

65 FR 4770, 2/1/2000; 50
CFR 17.95(i).CH

Moth, Kern
primrose sphinx

Euproserpinus euterpe

Wherever found

T

45 FR 24088, 4/8/1980.

Naucorid, Ash
Meadows

Ambrysus amargosus

Wherever found

T

50 FR 20777,
5/20/1985; 50 CFR
17.95(i).CH

Skipper, Carson
wandering

Pseudocopaeodes eunus
obscurus

U.S.A., (Lassen County, CA; Washoe County, NV)

E

67 FR 51116, 8/7/2002.

Skipper, Dakota

Hesperia dacotae

Wherever found

T

79 FR 63671,
10/24/2014; 50 CFR
17.95(i); CH 50 CFR
17.47(b).4d

Skipper, Laguna
Mountains

Pyrgus ruralis lagunae

Wherever found

E

62 FR 2313,
1/16/1997; 50 CFR
17.95(i).CH

Skipper, Pawnee
montane

Hesperia leonardus montana

Wherever found

T

52 FR 36176, 9/25/1987.

Skipperling,
Poweshiek

Oarisma poweshiek

Wherever found

E

79 FR 63671,
10/24/2014; 50 CFR
17.95(i).CH

Harvestman, Bee
Creek Cave

Texella reddelli

Wherever found

E

53 FR 36029,
9/16/1988; 58 FR 43818,
8/18/1993.

Harvestman,
Bone Cave

Texella reyesi

Wherever found

E

53 FR 36029,
9/16/1988; 58 FR 43818,
8/18/1993.

Harvestman,
Cokendolpher
cave

Texella cokendolpheri

Wherever found

E

65 FR 69624,
11/17/2000; 50 CFR
17.95(g).CH

Meshweaver,
Braken Bat Cave

Circurina venii

Wherever found

E

65 FR 69624,
11/17/2000; 50 CFR
17.95(g).CH

Meshweaver,
Government
Canyon Bat Cave

Circurina vespera

Wherever found

E

65 FR 69624,
11/17/2000; 50 CFR
17.95(g).CH

Meshweaver,
Madla Cave

Cicurina madla

Wherever found

E

65 FR 69624,
11/17/2000; 50 CFR
17.95(g).CH

Meshweaver,
Robber Baron
Cave

Cicurina baronia

Wherever found

E

65 FR 69624,
11/17/2000; 50 CFR
17.95(g).CH

Pseudoscorpion,
Tooth Cave

Tartarocreagris texana

Wherever found

E

53 FR 36029, 9/16/1988.

Spider,
Government
Canyon Bat Cave

Neoleptoneta microps

Wherever found

E

65 FR 69624,
11/17/2000; 50 CFR
17.95(g).CH

Spider, ivory
ornamental tiger

Poecilotheria subfusca

Wherever found

E

83 FR 36755, 7/31/2018.

Spider, Kauai
cave wolf

Adelocosa anops

Wherever found

E

65 FR 2348,
1/14/2000; 50 CFR
17.95(g).CH

Spider, ornate
tiger

Poecilotheria ornata

Wherever found

E

83 FR 36755, 7/31/2018.

Spider,
Pedersen's tiger

Poecilotheria vittata

Wherever found

E

83 FR 36755, 7/31/2018.

Spider, Smith's
tiger

Poecilotheria smithi

Wherever found

E

83 FR 36755, 7/31/2018.

Spider, spruce-fir
moss

Microhexura montivaga

Wherever found

E

60 FR 6968, 2/6/1995; 50
CFR 17.95(g).CH

Spider, Sri Lanka
ornamental tiger

Poecilotheria fasciata

Wherever found

E

83 FR 36755, 7/31/2018.

Spider, Tooth
Cave

Neoleptoneta myopica

Wherever found

E

53 FR 36029, 9/16/1988.

Gammarus hyalleloides

Wherever found

E

78 FR 41227,
7/9/2013; 50 CFR

Arachnids

Crustaceans
Amphipod,
diminutive

17.95(h).CH
Amphipod, Hay's
Spring

Stygobromus hayi

Wherever found

E

47 FR 5425, 2/5/1982.

Amphipod, Illinois
Cave

Gammarus acherondytes

Wherever found

E

63 FR 46900, 9/3/1998.

Amphipod, Kauai
cave

Spelaeorchestia koloana

Wherever found

E

65 FR 2348,
1/14/2000; 50 CFR
17.95(h).CH

Amphipod, Noel's

Gammarus desperatus

Wherever found

E

76 FR 33036,
6/7/2011; 50 CFR
17.95(h).CH

Amphipod, Peck's
cave

Stygobromus (=Stygonectes)
Pecki

Wherever found

E

62 FR 66295,
12/18/1997; 50 CFR
17.95(h).CH

Amphipod, Pecos

Gammarus pecos

Wherever found

E

78 FR 41227,
7/9/2013; 50 CFR
17.95(h).CH

Crayfish, Big
Sandy

Cambarus callainus

Wherever found

T

81 FR 20449, 4/7/2016.

Crayfish, cave

Cambarus aculabrum

Wherever found

E

58 FR 25742, 4/27/1993.

Crayfish, cave

Cambarus zophonastes

Wherever found

E

52 FR 11170, 4/7/1987.

Crayfish,
Guyandotte River

ambarus veteranus

Wherever found

E

81 FR 20449, 4/7/2016.

Crayfish,
Nashville

Orconectes shoupi

Wherever found

E

51 FR 34410, 9/3/1986.

Crayfish, Shasta

Pacifastacus fortis

Wherever found

E

53 FR 38460, 9/30/1988.

Fairy shrimp,
Conservancy

Branchinecta conservatio

Wherever found

E

59 FR 48136,
9/19/1994; 50 CFR
17.95(h).CH

Fairy shrimp,
longhorn

Branchinecta longiantenna

Wherever found

E

59 FR 48136,
9/19/1994; 50 CFR
17.95(h).CH

Fairy shrimp,
Riverside

Streptocephalus woottoni

Wherever found

E

58 FR 41384,
8/3/1993; 50 CFR
17.95(h).CH

Fairy shrimp, San
Diego

Branchinecta sandiegonensis

Wherever found

E

62 FR 4925, 2/3/1997; 50
CFR 17.95(h).CH

Fairy shrimp,
vernal pool

Branchinecta lynchi

Wherever found

E

59 FR 48136,
9/19/1994; 50 CFR
17.95(h).CH

Isopod, Lee
County cave

Lirceus usdagalun

Wherever found

E

57 FR 54722,
11/20/1992.

Isopod, Madison
Cave

Antrolana lira

Wherever found

T

47 FR 43699,
10/4/1982; 50 CFR
17.46(a).4d

Isopod, Socorro

Thermosphaeroma thermophilus

Wherever found

E

43 FR 12690, 3/27/1978.

Shrimp, Alabama
cave

Palaemonias alabamae

Wherever found

E

53 FR 34696, 9/7/1988.

Shrimp,
anchialine pool

Procaris hawaiana

Wherever found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Shrimp,
anchialine pool

Vetericaris chaceorum

Wherever found

E

78 FR 64637,
10/29/2013.

Shrimp, California
freshwater

Syncaris pacifica

Wherever found

E

53 FR 43884,
10/31/1988.

Shrimp, Kentucky
cave

Palaemonias ganteri

Wherever found

E

48 FR 46337,
10/12/1983; 50 CFR
17.95(h).CH

Shrimp, Squirrel
Chimney cave

Palaemonetes cummingi

Wherever found

T

55 FR 25588, 6/21/1990.

Lepidurus packardi

Wherever found

E

59 FR 48136,
9/19/1994; 50 CFR
17.95(h).CH

Coral, (no
common name)

Acropora globiceps

Wherever found

T

79 FR 53852, 9/10/2014; 
N 79 FR 67356,
11/13/2014.

Coral, (no
common name)

Acropora jacquelineae

Wherever found

T

79 FR 53852, 9/10/2014; 
N 79 FR 67356,
11/13/2014.

Coral, (no
common name)

Acropora lokani

Wherever found

T

79 FR 53852, 9/10/2014; 
N 79 FR 67356,
11/13/2014.

Coral, (no
common name)

Acropora pharaonis

Wherever found

T

79 FR 53852, 9/10/2014; 
N 79 FR 67356,
11/13/2014.

Coral, (no
common name)

Acropora retusa

Wherever found

T

79 FR 53852, 9/10/2014; 
N 79 FR 67356,
11/13/2014.

Coral, (no
common name)

Acropora rudis

Wherever found

T

79 FR 53852, 9/10/2014; 
N 79 FR 67356,
11/13/2014.

Coral, (no
common name)

Acropora speciosa

Wherever found

T

79 FR 53852, 9/10/2014; 
N 79 FR 67356,
11/13/2014.

Coral, (no
common name)

Acropora tenella

Wherever found

T

79 FR 53852, 9/10/2014; 
N 79 FR 67356,
11/13/2014.

Coral, (no
common name)

Anacropora spinosa

Wherever found

T

79 FR 53852, 9/10/2014; 
N 79 FR 67356,
11/13/2014.

Coral, (no
common name)

Cantharellus noumeae

Wherever found

E

80 FR 60560,
10/7/2015; N 81 FR
76311, 11/2/2016.

Coral, (no
common name)

Euphyllia paradivisa

Wherever found

T

79 FR 53852, 9/10/2014; 
N 79 FR 67356,
11/13/2014.

Coral, (no
common name)

Isopora crateriformis

Wherever found

T

79 FR 53852, 9/10/2014; 
N 79 FR 67356,
11/13/2014.

Coral, (no
common name)

Montipora australiensis

Wherever found

T

79 FR 53852, 9/10/2014; 
N 79 FR 67356,
11/13/2014.

Coral, (no
common name)

Pavona diffluens

Wherever found

T

79 FR 53852, 9/10/2014; 
N 79 FR 67356,
11/13/2014.

Coral, (no
common name)

Porites napopora

Wherever found

T

79 FR 53852, 9/10/2014; 
N 79 FR 67356,
11/13/2014.

Coral, (no
common name)

Seriatopora aculeata

Wherever found

T

79 FR 53852, 9/10/2014; 
N 79 FR 67356,
11/13/2014.

Coral, (no
common name)

Siderastrea glynni

Wherever found

E

80 FR 60560,
10/7/2015; N 81 FR
76311, 11/2/2016.

Coral, (no
common name)

Tubastraea floreana

Wherever found

E

80 FR 60560,
10/7/2015; N 81 FR
76311, 11/2/2016.

Coral, boulder

Orbicella franksi

Wherever found

T

79 FR 53852, 9/10/2014; 

Tadpole shrimp,
vernal pool
Corals

star

N 79 FR 67356,
11/13/2014.

Coral, elkhorn

Acropora palmata

Wherever found

T

76 FR 20558,
4/13/2011; 79 FR 42687,
7/23/2014; 79 FR 53852,
9/10/2014; N 79 FR
67356, 11/13/2014; 50
CFR 223.208; 4d 50 CFR
226.216.CH

Coral, lobed star

Orbicella annularis

Wherever found

T

79 FR 53852, 9/10/2014; 
N 79 FR 67356,
11/13/2014.

Coral,
mountainous star

Orbicella faveolata

Wherever found

T

79 FR 53852, 9/10/2014; 
N 79 FR 67356,
11/13/2014.

Coral, pillar

Dendrogyra cylindrus

Wherever found

T

79 FR 53852, 9/10/2014; 
N 79 FR 67356,
11/13/2014.

Coral, rough
cactus

Mycetophyllia ferox

Wherever found

T

79 FR 53852, 9/10/2014; 
N 79 FR 67356,
11/13/2014.

Coral, staghorn

Acropora cervicornis

Wherever found

T

76 FR 20558,
4/13/2011; 79 FR 42687,
7/23/2014; 79 FR 53852,
9/10/2014; N 79 FR
67356, 11/13/2014; 50
CFR 223.208; 4d 50 CFR
226.216.CH

Nautilus pompilius

Wherever found

T

83 FR 48976, 9/28/2018; 
N 84 FR 13809, 4/8/2019.

Cephalopods
Nautilus,
chambered

[81 FR 51556, Aug. 4, 2016, as amended at 81 FR 53332, Aug. 12, 2016; 81 FR 59090, Aug. 26, 2016; 81 FR 62659,
Sept. 12, 2016; 81 FR 65507, Sept. 22, 2016; 81 FR 67214, 67856, Sept. 30, 2016; 81 FR 68984, 69007, Oct. 5, 2016; 81
FR 69425, Oct. 6, 2016; 81 FR 76313, Nov. 2, 2016; 81 FR 93640, Dec. 21, 2016; 82 FR 3208, Jan 11, 2017; 82 FR
16540, 16704, Apr. 5, 2017; 82 FR 20284, May 1, 2017; 82 FR 28577, 28588, June 23, 2017; 82 FR 30632, June 30,
2017; 82 FR 43885, 43896, 43907, Sept. 20, 2017; 83 FR 278, Jan. 3, 2018; 83 FR 2087, Jan. 16, 2018; 83 FR 3099, Jan.
23, 2018; 83 FR 5735, Feb. 9, 2018; 83 FR 14198, Apr. 3, 2018; 83 FR 14982, Apr. 6, 2018; 83 FR 16242, Apr. 16, 2018;
83 FR 17110, Apr. 18, 2018; 83 FR 36772, July 31, 2018; 83 FR 39916, Aug. 13, 2018; 83 FR 58753, Nov. 21, 2018; 83
FR 67139, Dec. 28, 2018; 84 FR 6310, Feb. 26, 2019; 84 FR 13811, Apr. 8, 2019; 84 FR 25003, May 30, 2019; 84 FR
37145, July 31, 2019]
Effective Date Note: At 84 FR 48308, Sept. 13, 2019, § 17.11 was amended in the
table in paragraph (h) under FISHES by removing the entry for “Dace, Foskett
speckled” from the List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife, effective Oct. 15,
2019.
§ 17.12
Endangered and threatened plants.
(a) The list in paragraph (h) of this section contains the plant species determined by the Service or the National Marine
Fisheries Service (NMFS) of the Department of Commerce's National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (hereafter
in this section referred to as “the Services”) to be endangered species or threatened species. It also contains the plant
species treated as endangered or threatened because they are similar in appearance to and may be confused with
endangered or threatened species (see §§ 17.50 through 17.52). The “Common name,” “Scientific name,” “Where listed,”
and “Status” columns provide regulatory information; together, they identify listed plant species within the meaning of the
Act and describe where they are protected. When a taxon has more than one entry, the “Where listed” or “Status” column
will identify its status in each relevant geographic area. The listing of a particular taxon includes all lower taxonomic units.
(b) “Scientific name” column. The Services use the most recently accepted scientific name. In cases where confusion
might arise, one or more synonyms are provided in parentheses within the “Scientific name” column. The Services will rely
to the extent practicable on the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) to determine a species' scientific name.
ITIS incorporates the naming principles established by the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and
plants (see paragraph (g) of this section). If the scientific name in ITIS differs from the scientific name adopted for use
under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), the CITES
nomenclature will be provided in brackets “[ ]” within the “Scientific name” column following the ITIS nomenclature.

(c) “Common name” column. Although common names are included, they cannot be relied upon for identification of any
specimen, since they may vary greatly in local usage. In cases where confusion might arise, one or more synonyms are
provided in parentheses within the “Common name” column.
(d) “Where listed” column. The “Where listed” column sets forth the geographic area where the species is listed for
purposes of the Act. Except when providing a geographic description of an experimental population designation,
“Wherever found” will be used to indicate the Act's protections apply to all individuals of the species, wherever found.
(e) “Status” column. Within the “Status” column, the following abbreviations are used:
Abbreviation

Regulatory status the abbreviation represents

E

Endangered species.

T

Threatened species.

E (S/A)

Endangered based on similarity of appearance to an existing listed species.

T (S/A)

Threatened based on similarity of appearance to an existing listed species.

XE

Essential experimental population (See subpart H of this part).

XN

Nonessential experimental population (See subpart H of this part).

(f) “Listing Citations and Applicable Rules” column. The “Listing Citations and Applicable Rules” column is nonregulatory
in nature and is provided for informational and navigational purposes only. Please note that the sections of part 17 that
include designations of critical habitat for plants are organized by family name. A link to the Integrated Taxonomic
Information System (ITIS), which displays the taxonomic hierarchy of a species, including its family name, is provided on
each species' profile page accessible through the Service's Web site ( http://www.fws.gov/endangered/ ) or information is
available directly through the ITIS ( http://www.itis.gov/ ).
(1) Within the “Listing Citations and Applicable Rules” column, the following superscripts are used:
Superscript

Description of citation or rule

N

NMFS listing citation (NMFS Lead).

J

Both FWS and NMFS listing citation (Joint Jurisdiction).

CH

Critical habitat rule.

4d

Species-specific “4(d)” rule (a rule issued under the authority of section 4(d) of the Act).

10j

Species-specific “10(j)” rule (a rule issued under the authority of section 10(j) of the Act).

(2) Listing citations contain the volume, document starting page number, and publication date of the Federal
Register publication(s) in which a species' status was assessed. At least since 1973, these documents have included a
statement indicating the basis for the listing or reclassification, as well as the effective date(s) of the listing or other rules
that changed how the species was identified in the list in paragraph (h) of this section.
(3) “Critical habitat” and “Species-specific” rules superscripts provide cross-references to other sections in part 17 or part
222, 223, or 226 of chapter II of this title where critical habitat and species-specific rules are found. The species-specific
superscripts also identify experimental populations. Experimental populations (superscript “10j”) are a separate citation,
with one of the following symbols in the “Status” column: “XE” for an essential experimental population and “XN” for a
nonessential experimental population.
(4) This column is for reference and navigational purposes only. All other appropriate rules in part 17, parts 217 through
226 of chapter II of this title, and part 402 of chapter IV of this title apply, if no species-specific rules are referenced. In
addition, other rules in this title could relate to such species (for example, port-of-entry requirements). The references in
the “Listing Citations and Applicable Rules” column do not comprise a comprehensive list of all regulations that the
Services might apply to the species or to the regulations of other Federal agencies or State or local governments.
(g) The Services will rely to the extent practicable on ITIS ( http://www.itis.gov ) and standard references adopted for CITES
( http://cites.org ).
(h) The “List of Endangered and Threatened Plants” is provided in the table in this paragraph (h):
Scientific name
Flowering Plants

Common name

Where
listed

Status

Listing citations and applicable rules

Abronia macrocarpa

Large-fruited sand-verbena

Abutilon eremitopetalum

No common name

Abutilon menziesii

Wherever
found

E

53 FR 37975, 9/28/1988.

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 47686, 9/20/1991.

Ko`oloa`ula

Wherever
found

E

51 FR 34412, 9/26/1986.

Abutilon sandwicense

No common name

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 55770, 10/29/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Acaena exigua

Liliwai

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 20772, 5/15/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Acanthomintha ilicifolia

San Diego thornmint

Wherever
found

T

63 FR 54938, 10/13/1998; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Acanthomintha obovata ssp. duttonii

San Mateo thornmint

Wherever
found

E

50 FR 37858, 9/18/1985.

Achyranthes mutica

No common name

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53108, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(k).CH

Achyranthes splendens var. rotundata

Round-leaved chaff-flower

Wherever
found

E

51 FR 10518, 3/26/1986; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Acmispon dendroideus var. traskiae

San Clemente Island lotus

Wherever
found

T

42 FR 40685, 8/11/1977.

Aconitum noveboracense

Northern wild monkshood

Wherever
found

T

43 FR 17910, 4/26/1978.

Aeschynomene virginica

Sensitive joint-vetch

Wherever
found

T

57 FR 21569, 5/20/1992.

Agalinis acuta

Sandplain gerardia

Wherever
found

E

53 FR 34701, 9/7/1988.

Agave eggersiana

No common name

Wherever
found

E

79 FR 53303, 9/9/2014; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Alectryon macrococcus

Mahoe

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 20772, 5/15/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1); CH 50
CFR 17.99(c) ; CH 50 CFR 17.99(e) ); CH 50 CFR
17.99(i).CH

Allium munzii

Munz's onion

Wherever
found

E

63 FR 54975, 10/13/1998; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Alopecurus aequalis var. sonomensis

Sonoma alopecurus

Wherever
found

E

62 FR 54791, 10/22/1997.

Amaranthus brownii

No common name

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 43178, 8/21/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(g).CH

Amaranthus pumilus

Seabeach amaranth

Wherever
found

T

58 FR 18035, 4/7/1993.

Ambrosia cheiranthifolia

South Texas ambrosia

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 43648, 8/24/1994.

Ambrosia pumila

San Diego ambrosia

Wherever
found

E

67 FR 44372, 7/2/2002; 50 CFR 17.96.CH

Amorpha crenulata

Crenulate lead-plant

Wherever
found

E

50 FR 29345, 7/18/1985.

Amphianthus pusillus

Little amphianthus

Wherever
found

T

53 FR 3560, 2/5/1988.

Amsinckia grandiflora

Large-flowered fiddleneck

Wherever
found

E

50 FR 19374, 5/8/1985; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Amsonia kearneyana

Kearney's blue-star

Wherever
found

E

54 FR 2131, 1/19/1989.

Apios priceana

Price's potato-bean

Wherever
found

T

55 FR 429, 1/5/1990.

Arabis georgiana

Georgia rockcress

Wherever
found

T

79 FR 54627, 9/12/2014; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Arabis hoffmannii

Hoffmann's rock-cress

Arabis mcdonaldiana

McDonald's rock-cress

Arabis (=Boechera) perstellata

Wherever
found

E

62 FR 40954, 7/31/1997.

Wherever
found

E

43 FR 44810, 9/28/1978.

Braun's Rock-cress

Wherever
found

E

60 FR 56, 1/3/1995; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Arabis serotina

Shale barren rock-cress

Wherever
found

E

54 FR 29655, 7/13/1989.

Arctomecon humilis

Dwarf bear-poppy

Wherever
found

E

44 FR 64250, 11/6/1979.

Arctostaphylos confertiflora

Santa Rosa Island
manzanita

Wherever
found

E

62 FR 40954, 7/31/1997.

Arctostaphylos franciscana

Franciscan manzanita

Wherever
found

E

77 FR 54434, 9/5/2012; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Arctostaphylos
glandulosa ssp. crassifolia

Del Mar manzanita

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 52370, 10/7/1996.

Arctostaphylos hookeri var. ravenii

Presidio manzanita

Wherever
found

E

44 FR 61910, 10/26/1979.

Arctostaphylos morroensis

Morro manzanita

Wherever
found

T

59 FR 64613, 12/15/1994.

Arctostaphylos myrtifolia

Ione manzanita

Wherever
found

T

64 FR 28403, 5/26/1999.

Arctostaphylos pallida

Pallid manzanita

Wherever
found

T

63 FR 19842, 4/22/1998.

Arenaria cumberlandensis

Cumberland sandwort

Wherever
found

E

53 FR 23745, 6/23/1988.

Arenaria paludicola

Marsh sandwort

Wherever
found

E

58 FR 41378, 8/3/1993.

Arenaria ursina

Bear Valley sandwort

Wherever
found

T

63 FR 49006, 9/14/1998; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Argemone
pleiacantha ssp. pinnatisecta

Sacramento prickly-poppy

Wherever
found

E

54 FR 35302, 8/24/1989.

Argyroxiphium kauense

Mauna Loa silversword

Wherever
found

E

58 FR 18029, 4/7/1993; 50 CFR 17.99(k).CH

Argyroxiphium
sandwicense ssp. macrocephalum

`Ahinahina

Wherever
found

T

57 FR 20772, 5/15/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Argyroxiphium
sandwicense ssp. sandwicense

`Ahinahina

Wherever
found

E

51 FR 9814, 3/1/1986.

Argythamnia blodgettii

Blodgett's silverbush

Wherever
found

T

81 FR 66842, 9/29/2016.

Aristida chaseae

No common name

Wherever
found

E

58 FR 25755, 4/27/1993.

Aristida portoricensis

Pelos del diablo

Wherever
found

E

55 FR 32255, 8/8/1990.

Asclepias meadii

Mead's milkweed

Wherever
found

T

53 FR 33992, 9/1/1988.

Asclepias welshii

Welsh's milkweed

Wherever
found

T

52 FR 41435, 10/28/1987; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Asimina tetramera

Four-petal pawpaw

Wherever
found

E

51 FR 34415, 9/26/1986.

Astelia waialealae

Painiu

Wherever
found

E

75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Astragalus albens

Cushenbury milk-vetch

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 43652, 8/24/1994; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Astragalus ampullarioides

Shivwits milkvetch

Wherever
found

E

66 FR 49560, 9/28/2001; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Astragalus applegatei

Applegate's milk-vetch

Wherever
found

E

58 FR 40547, 7/28/1993.

Astragalus bibullatus

Guthrie's (=Pyne's) groundplum

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 48748, 9/26/1991.

Astragalus brauntonii

Braunton's milk-vetch

Wherever
found

E

62 FR 4172, 1/29/1997; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Astragalus clarianus

Clara Hunt's milk-vetch

Wherever
found

E

62 FR 54791, 10/22/1997.

Astragalus
cremnophylax var. cremnophylax

Sentry milk-vetch

Wherever
found

E

55 FR 50184, 12/5/1990.

Astragalus holmgreniorum

Holmgren milkvetch

Wherever
found

E

66 FR 49560, 9/28/2001; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Astragalus humillimus

Mancos milk-vetch

Wherever
found

E

50 FR 26568, 6/27/1985.

Astragalus jaegerianus

Lane Mountain milk-vetch

Wherever
found

E

63 FR 53596, 10/6/1998; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Astragalus
lentiginosus var. coachellae

Coachella Valley milk-vetch

Wherever
found

E

63 FR 53596, 10/6/1998; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Astragalus
lentiginosus var. piscinensis

Fish Slough milk-vetch

Wherever
found

T

63 FR 53596, 10/6/1998; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Astragalus magdalenae var. peirsonii

Peirson's milk-vetch

Wherever
found

T

63 FR 53596, 10/6/1998; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Astragalus montii

Heliotrope milkvetch

Wherever
found

T

52 FR 42652, 11/6/1987; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Astragalus osterhoutii

Kremmling Osterhout
milkvetch

Wherever
found

E

54 FR 29658, 7/13/1989.

Astragalus phoenix

Ash Meadows milk-vetch

Wherever
found

T

50 FR 20777, 5/20/1985; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Astragalus
pycnostachyus var. lanosissimus

Ventura Marsh milk-vetch

Wherever
found

E

66 FR 27901, 5/21/2001; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Astragalus robbinsii var. jesupi

Jesup's milk-vetch

Wherever
found

E

52 FR 21481, 6/5/1987.

Astragalus tener var. titi

Coastal dunes milk-vetch

Wherever
found

E

63 FR 43100, 8/12/1998.

Astragalus tricarinatus

Triple-ribbed milk-vetch

Wherever
found

E

63 FR 53596, 10/6/1998.

Astrophytum asterias

Star cactus

Wherever
found

E

58 FR 53804, 10/18/1993.

Atriplex coronata var. notatior

San Jacinto Valley
crownscale

Wherever
found

E

63 FR 54975, 10/13/1998; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Auerodendron pauciflorum

No common name

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 9935, 3/2/1994.

Ayenia limitaris

Tamaulipan Kidneypetal

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 43648, 8/24/1994.

Baccharis vanessae

Encinitas baccharis

Wherever
found

T

61 FR 52370, 10/7/1996.

Banara vanderbiltii

Palo de Ramón

Wherever
found

E

52 FR 1459, 1/14/1987.

Baptisia arachnifera

Hairy rattleweed

Wherever
found

E

43 FR 17910, 4/26/1978.

Berberis nevinii

Nevin's barberry

Wherever
found

E

63 FR 54956, 10/13/1998; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Berberis pinnata ssp. insularis

Island barberry

Wherever
found

E

62 FR 40954, 7/31/1997.

Betula uber

Virginia round-leaf birch

T

43 FR 17910, 4/26/1978; 59 FR 59173, 11/16/1994.

Wherever
found

Bidens amplectens

Kookoolau

Wherever
found

E

77 FR 57647, 9/18/2012; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Bidens campylotheca ssp. pentamera

Kookoolau

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 32013, 5/28/2013; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Bidens campylotheca ssp. waihoiensis

Kookoolau

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 32013, 5/28/2013; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Bidens conjuncta

Kookoolau

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 32013, 5/28/2013; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Bidens
hillebrandiana ssp. hillebrandiana

Kookoolau

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 32013, 5/28/2013.

Bidens micrantha ssp. ctenophylla

Kookoolau

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 64637, 10/29/2013.

Bidens micrantha ssp. kalealaha

Kookoolau

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 20772, 5/15/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Bidens wiebkei

Kookoolau

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 46325, 10/8/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(c).CH

Blennosperma bakeri

Sonoma sunshine

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 61173, 12/2/1991.

Boltonia decurrens

Decurrent false aster

Wherever
found

T

53 FR 45858, 11/14/1988.

Bonamia grandiflora

Florida bonamia

Wherever
found

T

52 FR 42068, 11/2/1987.

Bonamia menziesii

No common name

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 56333, 11/10/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1); CH 50
CFR 17.99(k); CH 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1); CH 50 CFR
17.99(i); CH 50 CFR 17.99(c).CH

Brickellia mosieri

Florida Brickell-bush

Wherever
found

Brighamia insignis

Olulu

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1); CH 50 CFR
17.99(a)(2).CH

Brighamia rockii

Pua ala

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 46325, 10/8/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(c); CH 50 CFR
17.99(e)(1).CH

Brodiaea filifolia

Thread-leaved brodiaea

Wherever
found

T

63 FR 54975, 10/13/1998; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Brodiaea pallida

Chinese Camp brodiaea

Wherever
found

T

63 FR 49022, 9/14/1998.

Bulbophyllum guamense

Siboyas halumtanu,
Siboyan halom tano

Wherever
found

T

80 FR 59423, 10/1/2015.

Buxus vahlii

Vahl's boxwood

Wherever
found

E

50 FR 32572, 8/13/1985.

Calamagrostis hillebrandii

No common name

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 32013, 5/28/2013; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Callicarpa ampla

Capá rosa

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 14782, 4/22/1992.

Callirhoe scabriuscula

Texas poppy-mallow

Wherever
found

E

46 FR 3184, 1/13/1981; 46 FR 40025, 8/6/1981.

Calochortus tiburonensis

Tiburon mariposa lily

Wherever
found

T

60 FR 6671, 2/3/1995.

Calyptranthes thomasiana

No common name

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 8138, 2/18/1994.

Calyptridium pulchellum

Mariposa pussypaws

Wherever
found

T

63 FR 49022, 9/14/1998.

Calyptronoma rivalis

Palma de manaca

Wherever
found

T

55 FR 4157, 2/6/1990.

Calystegia stebbinsii

Stebbins' morning-glory

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 54346, 10/18/1996.

79 FR 52567, 9/4/2014; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Camissonia benitensis

San Benito eveningprimrose

Wherever
found

T

50 FR 5755, 2/12/1985.

Campanula robinsiae

Brooksville bellflower

Wherever
found

E

54 FR 31190, 7/27/1989.

Canavalia molokaiensis

Awikiwiki

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 46325, 10/8/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(c).CH

Canavalia napaliensis

Awikiwiki

Wherever
found

E

76 FR 15609, 5/5/2011; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Canavalia pubescens

Awikiwiki

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 32013, 5/28/2013; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Calamagrostis expansa

Maui reedgrass

Wherever
found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Cardamine micranthera

Small-anthered bittercress

Wherever
found

E

54 FR 38947, 9/21/1989.

Carex albida

White sedge

Wherever
found

E

62 FR 54791, 10/22/1997.

Carex lutea

Golden sedge

Wherever
found

E

67 FR 3120, 1/23/2002; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Carex specuicola

Navajo sedge

Wherever
found

T

50 FR 19370, 5/8/1985; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Castilleja affinis ssp. neglecta

Tiburon paintbrush

Wherever
found

E

60 FR 6671, 2/3/1995.

Castilleja campestris ssp. succulenta

Fleshy owl's-clover

Wherever
found

T

62 FR 14338, 3/26/1997; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Castilleja cinerea

Ash-gray Indian paintbrush

Wherever
found

T

63 FR 49006, 9/14/1998; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Castilleja grisea

San Clemente Island
paintbrush

Wherever
found

E

42 FR 40682, 8/11/1977.

Castilleja levisecta

Golden paintbrush

Wherever
found

T

62 FR 31740, 6/11/1997.

Castilleja mollis

Soft-leaved paintbrush

Wherever
found

E

62 FR 40954, 7/31/1997.

Catesbaea melanocarpa

No common name

Wherever
found

E

64 FR 13116, 3/17/1999; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Caulanthus californicus

California jewelflower

Wherever
found

E

55 FR 29361, 7/19/1990.

Ceanothus ferrisae

Coyote ceanothus

Wherever
found

E

60 FR 6671, 2/3/1995.

Ceanothus ophiochilus

Vail Lake ceanothus

Wherever
found

T

63 FR 54956, 10/13/1998; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Ceanothus roderickii

Pine Hill ceanothus

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 54346, 10/18/1996.

Cenchrus agrimonioides

Kamanomano

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53108, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1); CH 50
CFR 17.99(i).CH

Centaurium namophilum

Spring-loving centaury

Wherever
found

T

50 FR 20777, 5/20/1985; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Cercocarpus traskiae

Catalina Island mountainmahogany

Wherever
found

E

62 FR 42692, 8/8/1997.

Cereus eriophorus var. fragrans

Fragrant prickly-apple

Wherever
found

E

50 FR 45618, 11/1/1985.

Chamaecrista
glandulosa var. mirabilis

No common name

Wherever
found

E

55 FR 12788, 4/5/1990.

Chamaecrista lineata var. keyensis

Big Pine partridge pea

Wherever
found

E

81 FR 66842, 9/29/2016.

Chamaesyce deltoidea ssp. deltoidea

Deltoid spurge

Wherever
found

E

50 FR 29345, 7/18/1985.

Chamaesyce deltoidea ssp. pinetorum

Pineland sandmat

Chamaesyce deltoidea ssp. serpyllum

Wedge spurge

Chamaesyce garberi

Wherever
found

T

82 FR 46691, 10/06/2017.

Wherever
found

E

81 FR 66842, 9/29/2016.

Garber's spurge

Wherever
found

T

50 FR 29345, 7/18/1985.

Chamaesyce hooveri

Hoover's spurge

Wherever
found

T

62 FR 14338, 3/26/1997; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Chamaesyce
skottsbergii var. skottsbergii

Akoko (Ewa Plains akoko)

Wherever
found

E

47 FR 36846, 8/24/1982; 77 FR 57647, 9/18/2012; 50
CFR 17.99(i).CH

Charpentiera densiflora

Papala

Wherever
found

E

76 FR 15609, 5/5/2011; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Chionanthus pygmaeus

Pygmy fringe-tree

Wherever
found

E

52 FR 2227, 1/21/1987.

Chlorogalum purpureum

Purple amole (Camatta
Canyon amole)

Wherever
found

T

65 FR 14878, 3/20/2000; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Chorizanthe howellii

Howell's spineflower

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 27848, 6/22/1992.

Chorizanthe orcuttiana

Orcutt's spineflower

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 52370, 10/7/1996.

Chorizanthe pungens var. hartwegiana

Ben Lomond spineflower

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 5499, 2/4/1994.

Chorizanthe pungens var. pungens

Monterey spineflower

Wherever
found

T

59 FR 5499, 2/4/1994; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Chorizanthe robusta var. hartwegii

Scotts Valley spineflower

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 5499, 2/4/1994; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Chorizanthe robusta var. robusta

Robust spineflower

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 5499, 2/4/1994; 50 CFR 17.96(b).CH

Chorizanthe valida

Sonoma spineflower

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 27848, 6/22/1992.

Chromolaena frustrata

Cape Sable thoroughwort

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 63795, 10/24/2013; 50 CFR 17.96(a); CH 50 CFR
17.96(h).CH

Chrysopsis floridana

Florida golden aster

Wherever
found

E

51 FR 17974, 5/16/1986.

Cirsium fontinale var. fontinale

Fountain thistle

Wherever
found

E

60 FR 6671, 2/3/1995.

Cirsium fontinale var. obispoense

Chorro Creek bog thistle

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 64613, 12/15/1994.

Cirsium hydrophilum var. hydrophilum

Suisun thistle

Wherever
found

E

62 FR 61916, 11/20/1997; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Cirsium loncholepis

La Graciosa thistle

Wherever
found

E

65 FR 14888, 3/20/2000; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Cirsium pitcheri

Pitcher's thistle

Wherever
found

T

53 FR 27137, 7/18/1988.

Cirsium vinaceum

Sacramento Mountains
thistle

Wherever
found

T

52 FR 22933, 6/16/1987.

Clarkia franciscana

Presidio clarkia

Wherever
found

E

60 FR 6671, 2/3/1995.

Clarkia imbricata

Vine Hill clarkia

Wherever
found

E

62 FR 54791, 10/22/1997.

Clarkia speciosa ssp. immaculata

Pismo clarkia

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 64613, 12/15/1994.

Clarkia springvillensis

Springville clarkia

Wherever
found

T

63 FR 49022, 9/14/1998.

Clematis morefieldii

Morefield's leather-flower

E

57 FR 21562, 5/20/1992.

Wherever
found

Clematis socialis

Alabama leather-flower

Wherever
found

E

51 FR 34420, 9/26/1986.

Clermontia drepanomorpha

Oha wai

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53137, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(k).CH

Clermontia lindseyana

Oha wai

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 10305, 3/4/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1); CH 50 CFR
17.99(k).CH

Clermontia oblongifolia ssp. brevipes

Oha wai

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 46325, 10/8/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(c).CH

Clermontia oblongifolia ssp. mauiensis

Oha wai

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 20772, 5/15/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Clermontia peleana

Oha wai

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 10305, 3/4/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1); CH 50 CFR
17.99(k).CH

Clermontia pyrularia

Oha wai

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 10305, 3/4/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(k).CH

Clermontia samuelii

Oha wai

Wherever
found

E

64 FR 48307, 9/3/1999; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Clitoria fragrans

Pigeon wings

Wherever
found

T

58 FR 25746, 4/27/1993.

Colubrina oppositifolia

Kauila

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 10305, 3/4/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1); CH 50 CFR
17.99(i); CH 50 CFR 17.99(k).CH

Conradina brevifolia

Short-leaved rosemary

Wherever
found

E

58 FR 37432, 7/12/1993.

Conradina etonia

Etonia rosemary

Wherever
found

E

58 FR 37432, 7/12/1993.

Conradina glabra

Apalachicola rosemary

Wherever
found

E

58 FR 37432, 7/12/1993.

Conradina verticillata

Cumberland rosemary

Wherever
found

T

56 FR 60937, 11/29/1991.

Consolea corallicola

Cactus, Florida semaphore

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 63795, 10/24/2013; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Cordia bellonis

No common name

Wherever
found

E

62 FR 1645, 1/10/1997.

Cordylanthus
maritimus ssp. maritimus

Salt marsh bird's-beak

Wherever
found

E

43 FR 44810, 9/28/1978.

Cordylanthus mollis ssp. mollis

Soft bird's-beak

Wherever
found

E

62 FR 61916, 11/20/1997; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Cordylanthus palmatus

Palmate-bracted bird'sbeak

Wherever
found

E

51 FR 23765, 7/1/1986.

Cordylanthus tenuis ssp. capillaris

Pennell's bird's-beak

Wherever
found

E

60 FR 6671, 2/3/1995.

Cornutia obovata

Palo de nigua

Wherever
found

E

53 FR 11610, 4/7/1988.

Coryphantha minima

Nellie's cory cactus

Wherever
found

E

44 FR 64738, 11/7/1979.

Coryphantha ramillosa

Bunched cory cactus

Wherever
found

T

44 FR 64247, 11/6/1979.

Coryphantha robbinsorum

Cochise pincushion cactus

Wherever
found

T

51 FR 952, 1/9/1986.

Coryphantha scheeri var. robustispina

Pima pineapple cactus

Wherever
found

E

58 FR 49875, 9/23/1993.

Coryphantha sneedii var. leei

Lee pincushion cactus

Wherever
found

T

44 FR 61554, 10/25/1979.

Coryphantha sneedii var. sneedii

Sneed pincushion cactus

Wherever
found

E

44 FR 64741, 11/7/1979.

Cranichis ricartii

None

Wherever

E

56 FR 60933, 11/29/1991.

found
Crescentia portoricensis

Higuero de Sierra

Wherever
found

E

52 FR 46085, 12/4/1987.

Crotalaria avonensis

Avon Park harebells

Wherever
found

E

58 FR 25746, 4/27/1993.

Cryptantha crassipes

Terlingua Creek cats-eye

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 49634, 9/30/1991.

Cucurbita
okeechobeensis ssp. okeechobeensis

Okeechobee gourd

Wherever
found

E

58 FR 37432, 7/12/1993.

Cyanea acuminata

Haha

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53089, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Cyanea asarifolia

Haha

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Cyanea asplenifolia

Haha

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 32013, 5/28/2013; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Cyanea calycina

Haha

Wherever
found

E

77 FR 57647, 9/18/2012; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Cyanea copelandii ssp. copelandii

Haha

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 10305, 3/4/1994.

Cyanea
copelandii ssp. haleakalaensis

Haha

Wherever
found

E

64 FR 48307, 9/3/1999; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Cyanea crispa

Haha

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 14482, 3/28/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Cyanea dolichopoda

Haha

Wherever
found

E

76 FR 15609, 5/5/2011; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Cyanea dunbariae

Haha

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53130, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(c).CH

Cyanea duvalliorum

Haha

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 32013, 5/28/2013; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Cyanea eleeleensis

Haha

Wherever
found

E

76 FR 15609, 5/5/2011; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Cyanea gibsonii

No common name

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 47686, 9/20/1991.

Cyanea glabra

Haha

Wherever
found

E

64 FR 48307, 9/3/1999; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Cyanea grimesiana ssp. grimesiana

Haha

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53108, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(c); CH 50 CFR
17.99(i).CH

Cyanea grimesiana ssp. obatae

Haha

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 32932, 6/27/1994; 78 FR 32013, 5/28/2013; 50
CFR 17.99(i).CH

Cyanea hamatiflora ssp. carlsonii

Haha

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 10305, 3/4/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(k).CH

Cyanea hamatiflora ssp. hamatiflora

Haha

Wherever
found

E

64 FR 48307, 9/3/1999; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Cyanea horrida

Haha nui

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 32013, 5/28/2013; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Cyanea humboltiana

Haha

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53089, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Cyanea kauaulaensis

No common name

Wherever
found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Cyanea kolekoleensis

Haha

Wherever
found

E

76 FR 15609, 5/5/2011; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Cyanea koolauensis

Haha

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53089, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Cyanea kuhihewa

Haha

Wherever
found

E

76 FR 15609, 5/5/2011; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Cyanea kunthiana

Haha

Wherever

E

78 FR 32013, 5/28/2013; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

found
Cyanea lanceolata

Haha

Wherever
found

E

77 FR 57647, 9/18/2012; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Cyanea lobata

Haha

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 20772, 5/15/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Cyanea longiflora

Haha

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53089, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Cyanea magnicalyx

Haha

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 32013, 5/28/2013; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Cyanea mannii

Haha

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 46325, 10/8/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(c).CH

Cyanea maritae

Haha

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 32013, 5/28/2013; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Cyanea marksii

Haha

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 64637, 10/29/2013.

Cyanea mauiensis

Haha

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 32013, 5/28/2013.

Cyanea mceldowneyi

Haha

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 20772, 5/15/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Cyanea munroi

Haha

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 32013, 5/28/2013; 50 CFR 17.99(c).CH

Cyanea obtusa

Haha

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 32013, 5/28/2013; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Cyanea pinnatifida

Haha

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 55770, 10/29/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Cyanea platyphylla

Haha

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53137, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(k).CH

Cyanea procera

Haha

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 46325, 10/8/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(c).CH

Cyanea profuga

Haha

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 32013, 5/28/2013; 50 CFR 17.99(c).CH

Cyanea purpurellifolia

Haha

Wherever
found

E

77 FR 57647, 9/18/2012.

Cyanea recta

Haha

Wherever
found

T

61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Cyanea remyi

Haha

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Cyanea shipmanii

Haha

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 10305, 3/4/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(k).CH

Cyanea solanacea

Popolo

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 32013, 5/28/2013; 50 CFR 17.99(c).CH

Cyanea st.-johnii

Haha

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53089, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Cyanea stictophylla

Haha

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 10305, 3/4/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(k).CH

Cyanea superba

No common name

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 46235, 9/11/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Cyanea tritomantha

Aku

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 64637, 10/29/2013.

Cyanea truncata

Haha

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 14482, 3/28/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Cyanea undulata

No common name

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 47695, 9/20/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Cycladenia humilis var. jonesii

Jones cycladenia

Wherever
found

T

51 FR 16526, 5/5/1986.

Cycas micronesica

Fadang, Faadang

Cyperus fauriei

No common name

Cyperus neokunthianus

Wherever
found

T

80 FR 59423, 10/1/2015.

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 10305, 3/4/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(c); CH 50 CFR
17.99(k).CH

No common name

Wherever
found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Cyperus pennatiformis

No common name

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 56333, 11/10/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1); CH 50
CFR 17.99(e)(1); CH 50 CFR 17.99(g); CH 50 CFR
17.99(i).CH

Cyperus trachysanthos

Puukaa

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53108, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1); CH 50
CFR 17.99(i); CH 50 CFR 17.99(c).CH

Cyrtandra crenata

Ha`iwale

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 14482, 3/28/1994.

Cyrtandra cyaneoides

Mapele

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Cyrtandra dentata

Haiwale

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53089, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Cyrtandra ferripilosa

Haiwale

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 32013, 5/28/2013; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Cyrtandra filipes

Haiwale

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 32013, 5/28/2013; 50 CFR 17.99(c); CH 50 CFR
17.99(e)(1).CH

Cyrtandra giffardii

Haiwale

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 10305, 3/4/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(k).CH

Cyrtandra gracilis

Haiwale

Wherever
found

E

77 FR 57647, 9/18/2012; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Cyrtandra hematos

Haiwale

Wherever
found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Cyrtandra kaulantha

Haiwale

Wherever
found

E

77 FR 57647, 9/18/2012; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Cyrtandra limahuliensis

Haiwale

Wherever
found

T

59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Cyrtandra munroi

Haiwale

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 20772, 5/15/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Cyrtandra nanawaleensis

Haiwale

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 64637, 10/29/2013.

Cyrtandra oenobarba

Haiwale

Wherever
found

E

75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Cyrtandra oxybapha

Haiwale

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 32013, 5/28/2013; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Cyrtandra paliku

Haiwale

Wherever
found

E

75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Cyrtandra polyantha

Haiwale

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 14482, 3/28/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Cyrtandra sessilis

Haiwale

Wherever
found

E

77 FR 57647, 9/18/2012; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Cyrtandra subumbellata

Haiwale

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53089, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Cyrtandra tintinnabula

Haiwale

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 10305, 3/4/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(k).CH

Cyrtandra viridiflora

Haiwale

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53089, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Cyrtandra wagneri

Haiwale

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 64637, 10/29/2013.

Cyrtandra waiolani

Haiwale

Wherever
found

E

77 FR 57647, 9/18/2012; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Dalea carthagenensis var. floridana

Florida prairie-clover

Wherever

E

82 FR 46691, 10/06/2017.

found
Dalea foliosa

Leafy prairie-clover

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 19953, 5/1/1991.

Daphnopsis hellerana

No common name

Wherever
found

E

53 FR 23740, 6/23/1988.

Deeringothamnus pulchellus

Beautiful pawpaw

Wherever
found

E

51 FR 34415, 9/26/1986.

Deeringothamnus rugelii

Rugel's pawpaw

Wherever
found

E

51 FR 34415, 9/26/1986.

Deinandra (= Hemizonia ) conjugens

Otay tarplant

Wherever
found

T

63 FR 54938, 10/13/1998; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Deinandra increscens ssp. villosa

Gaviota tarplant

Wherever
found

E

65 FR 14888, 3/20/2000; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Delissea rhytidosperma

No common name

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Delissea rivularis

Haha

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 68 FR 9115, 2/27/2003; 50
CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Delissea subcordata

Oha

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53089, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Delissea undulata

No common name

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53124, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1); CH 50
CFR 17.99(k).CH

Delphinium bakeri

Baker's larkspur

Wherever
found

E

65 FR 4156, 1/26/2000; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Delphinium luteum

Yellow larkspur

Wherever
found

E

65 FR 4156, 1/26/2000; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Delphinium variegatum ssp. kinkiense

San Clemente Island
larkspur

Wherever
found

E

42 FR 40682, 8/11/1977.

Dendrobium guamense

No common name

Wherever
found

T

80 FR 59423, 10/1/2015.

Dicerandra christmanii

Garrett's mint

Wherever
found

E

50 FR 45621, 11/1/1985; 54 FR 38946, 9/21/1989.

Dicerandra cornutissima

Longspurred mint

Wherever
found

E

50 FR 45621, 11/1/1985.

Dicerandra frutescens

Scrub mint

Wherever
found

E

50 FR 45621, 11/1/1985; 54 FR 38946, 9/21/1989.

Dicerandra immaculata

Lakela's mint

Wherever
found

E

50 FR 20212, 5/15/1985.

Digitaria pauciflora

Florida crabgrass

Wherever
found

T

82 FR 46691, 10/06/2017.

Diplacus vandenbergensis

Vandenberg monkeyflower

Wherever
found

E

79 FR 50844, 8/26/2014; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Dodecahema leptoceras

Slender-horned
spineflower

Wherever
found

E

52 FR 36265, 9/28/1987.

Dubautia herbstobatae

Naenae

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 55770, 10/29/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Dubautia imbricata ssp. imbricata

Naenae

Wherever
found

E

75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Dubautia kalalauensis

Naenae

Wherever
found

E

75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Dubautia kenwoodii

Naenae

Wherever
found

E

75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Dubautia latifolia

Koholapehu

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 20580, 5/13/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Dubautia pauciflorula

Naenae

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 47695, 9/20/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Dubautia plantaginea ssp. humilis

Naenae

Dubautia plantaginea ssp. magnifolia

Naenae

Dubautia waialealae

Wherever
found

E

64 FR 48307, 9/3/1999; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Wherever
found

E

75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Naenae

Wherever
found

E

75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Dudleya abramsii ssp. parva

Conejo dudleya

Wherever
found

T

62 FR 4172, 1/29/1997.

Dudleya cymosa ssp. marcescens

Marcescent dudleya

Wherever
found

T

62 FR 4172, 1/29/1997.

Dudleya cymosa ssp. ovatifolia

Santa Monica Mountains
dudleya

Wherever
found

T

62 FR 4172, 1/29/1997.

Dudleya nesiotica

Santa Cruz Island dudleya

Wherever
found

T

62 FR 40954, 7/31/1997.

Dudleya setchellii

Santa Clara Valley dudleya

Wherever
found

E

60 FR 6671, 2/3/1995.

Dudleya stolonifera

Laguna Beach liveforever

Wherever
found

T

63 FR 54938, 10/13/1998.

Dudleya traskiae

Santa Barbara Island
liveforever

Wherever
found

E

43 FR 17910, 4/26/1978.

Dudleya verityi

Verity's dudleya

Wherever
found

T

62 FR 4172, 1/29/1997.

Echinacea laevigata

Smooth coneflower

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 46340, 10/8/1992.

Echinocactus
horizonthalonius var. nicholii

Nichol's Turk's head cactus

Wherever
found

E

44 FR 61927, 10/26/1979.

Echinocereus
chisoensis var. chisoensis

Chisos hedgehog cactus

Wherever
found

T

53 FR 38453, 9/30/1988.

Echinocereus fendleri var. kuenzleri

Kuenzler hedgehog cactus

Wherever
found

T

44 FR 61924, 10/26/1979; 83 FR 21928, 5/11/2018.

Echinocereus
reichenbachii var. albertii

Black lace cactus

Wherever
found

E

44 FR 61918, 10/26/1979.

Echinocereus
triglochidiatus var. arizonicus

Arizona hedgehog cactus

Wherever
found

E

44 FR 61556, 10/25/1979.

Echinocereus viridiflorus var. davisii

Davis's green pitaya

Wherever
found

E

44 FR 64738, 11/7/1979.

Echinomastus
erectocentrus var. acunensis

Acuña cactus

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 60607, 10/1/2013; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Echinomastus mariposensis

Lloyd's Mariposa cactus

Wherever
found

T

44 FR 64247, 11/6/1979.

Enceliopsis nudicaulis var. corrugata

Ash Meadows sunray

Wherever
found

T

50 FR 20777, 5/20/1985; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Eragrostis fosbergii

Fosberg's love grass

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53089, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Eremalche kernensis

Kern mallow

Wherever
found

E

55 FR 29361, 7/19/1990.

Eriastrum densifolium ssp. sanctorum

Santa Ana River woollystar

Wherever
found

E

52 FR 36265, 9/28/1987.

Erigeron decumbens

Willamette daisy

Wherever
found

E

65 FR 3875, 1/25/2000; 50 CFR 17.96.CH

Erigeron parishii

Parish's daisy

Wherever
found

T

59 FR 43652, 8/24/1994; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Erigeron rhizomatus

Zuni fleabane

Wherever
found

T

50 FR 16680, 4/26/1985.

Eriodictyon altissimum

Indian Knob mountain balm

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 64613, 12/15/1994.

Eriodictyon capitatum

Lompoc yerba santa

Wherever
found

E

65 FR 14888, 3/20/2000; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Eriogonum apricum
(incl. var. prostratum)

Ione (incl. Irish Hill)
buckwheat

Wherever
found

E

64 FR 28403, 5/26/1999.

Eriogonum codium

Umtanum desert
buckwheat

Wherever
found

T

78 FR 23983, 4/23/2013; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Eriogonum gypsophilum

Gypsum wild-buckwheat

Wherever
found

T

46 FR 5730, 1/19/1981; 46 FR 40025, 8/6/1981; 50 CFR
17.96(a).CH

Eriogonum
kennedyi var. austromontanum

Southern mountain wildbuckwheat

Wherever
found

T

63 FR 49006, 9/14/1998; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Eriogonum
longifolium var. gnaphalifolium

Scrub buckwheat

Wherever
found

T

58 FR 25746, 4/27/1993.

Eriogonum ovalifolium var. vineum

Cushenbury buckwheat

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 43652, 8/24/1994; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Eriogonum ovalifolium var. williamsiae

Steamboat buckwheat

Wherever
found

E

51 FR 24669, 7/8/1986.

Eriogonum pelinophilum

Clay-loving wild buckwheat

Wherever
found

E

49 FR 28562, 7/13/1984; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Eriophyllum latilobum

San Mateo woolly
sunflower

Wherever
found

E

60 FR 6671, 2/3/1995.

Eryngium aristulatum var. parishii

San Diego button-celery

Wherever
found

E

58 FR 41384, 8/3/1993.

Eryngium constancei

Loch Lomond coyotethistle

Wherever
found

E

50 FR 31187, 8/1/1985; 51 FR 45904, 12/23/1986.

Eryngium cuneifolium

Snakeroot

Wherever
found

E

52 FR 2227, 1/21/1987.

Erysimum capitatum var. angustatum

Contra Costa wallflower

Wherever
found

E

43 FR 17910, 4/26/1978; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Erysimum menziesii

Menzies' wallflower

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 27848, 6/22/1992.

Erysimum teretifolium

Ben Lomond wallflower

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 5499, 2/4/1994.

Erythronium propullans

Minnesota dwarf trout lily

Wherever
found

E

51 FR 10521, 3/26/1986.

Eugenia bryanii

No common name

Wherever
found

E

80 FR 59423, 10/1/2015.

Eugenia haematocarpa

Uvillo

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 60565, 11/25/1994.

Eugenia koolauensis

Nioi

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 14482, 3/28/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(c); CH 50 CFR
17.99(i).CH

Eugenia woodburyana

No common name

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 46715, 9/9/1994.

Euphorbia (=Chamaesyce)
celastroides var. kaenana

Akoko

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 55770, 10/29/1991; 77 FR 57647, 9/18/2012; 50
CFR 17.99(i).CH

Euphorbia (=Chamaesyce) deppeana

Akoko

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 14482, 3/28/1994; 77 FR 57647, 9/18/2012; 50
CFR 17.99(i).CH

Euphorbia (=Chamaesyce) eleanoriae

Akoko

Wherever
found

E

75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Euphorbia haeleeleana

Akoko

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53108, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1); CH 50
CFR 17.99(i).CH

Euphorbia (=Chamaesyce) halemanui

Akoko

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 20580, 5/13/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Euphorbia (=Chamaesyce) herbstii

Akoko

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53089, 10/10/1996; 77 FR 57647, 9/18/2012; 50
CFR 17.99(i).CH

Euphorbia (=Chamaesyce) kuwaleana

Akoko

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 55770, 10/29/1991; 77 FR 57647, 9/18/2012; 50
CFR 17.99(i).CH

Euphorbia (=Chamaesyce) remyi var .
kauaiensis

Akoko

Wherever
found

E

76 FR 15609, 5/5/2011; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Euphorbia (=Chamaesyce) remyi var .
remyi

Akoko

Wherever
found

E

76 FR 15609, 5/5/2011; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Euphorbia (=Chamaesyce) rockii

Akoko

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53089, 10/10/1996; 77 FR 57647, 9/18/2012; 50
CFR 17.99(i).CH

Euphorbia telephioides

Telephus spurge

Wherever
found

T

57 FR 19813, 5/8/1992.

Eutrema penlandii

Mosquito Range mustard

Wherever
found

T

58 FR 40539, 7/28/1993.

Exocarpos luteolus

Heau

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Exocarpos menziesii

Heau

Wherever
found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Festuca hawaiiensis

No common name

Wherever
found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Festuca ligulata

Guadalupe fescue

Wherever
found

E

82 FR 42245, 9/7/2017.

Festuca molokaiensis

No common name

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 32013, 5/28/2013; 50 CFR 17.99(c).CH

Flueggea neowawraea

Mehamehame

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 56333, 11/10/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1); CH 50
CFR 17.99(c); CH 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1); CH 50 CFR
17.99(i); CH 50 CFR 17.99(k).CH

Fremontodendron
californicum ssp. decumbens

Pine Hill flannelbush

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 54346, 10/18/1996.

Fremontodendron mexicanum

Mexican flannelbush

Wherever
found

E

63 FR 54956, 10/13/1998; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Fritillaria gentneri

Gentner's fritillary

Wherever
found

E

64 FR 69195, 12/10/1999.

Galactia smallii

Small's milkpea

Wherever
found

E

50 FR 29345, 7/18/1985.

Galium buxifolium

Island bedstraw

Wherever
found

E

62 FR 40954, 7/31/1997.

Galium californicum ssp. sierrae

El Dorado bedstraw

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 54346, 10/18/1996.

Gardenia brighamii

Hawaiian gardenia (Na`u)

Wherever
found

E

50 FR 33728, 8/21/1985.

Gardenia mannii

Nanu

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53089, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Gardenia remyi

Nanu

Wherever
found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Gaura neomexicana ssp. coloradensis

Colorado butterfly plant

Wherever
found

T

65 FR 62302, 10/18/2000; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Geocarpon minimum

No common name

Wherever
found

T

52 FR 22930, 6/16/1987.

Geranium arboreum

Nohoanu

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 20589, 5/13/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Geranium hanaense

Nohoanu

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 32013, 5/28/2013; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Geranium hillebrandii

Nohoanu

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 32013, 5/28/2013; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Geranium kauaiense

Nohoanu

Wherever
found

E

75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Geranium multiflorum

Nohoanu

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 20772, 5/15/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Gesneria pauciflora

No common name

Geum radiatum

Spreading avens

Gilia tenuiflora ssp. arenaria

Wherever
found

T

60 FR 12483, 3/7/1995.

Wherever
found

E

55 FR 12793, 4/5/1990.

Monterey gilia

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 27848, 6/22/1992.

Gilia tenuiflora ssp. hoffmannii

Hoffmann's slenderflowered gilia

Wherever
found

E

62 FR 40954, 7/31/1997.

Goetzea elegans

Beautiful goetzea or
matabuey

Wherever
found

E

50 FR 15564, 4/19/1985.

Gonocalyx concolor

No common name

Wherever
found

E

79 FR 53303, 9/9/2014; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Gouania hillebrandii

No common name

Wherever
found

E

49 FR 44753, 11/19/1984; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1); CH 50
CFR 17.99(e)(2); CH 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Gouania meyenii

No common name

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 55770, 10/29/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1); CH 50
CFR 17.99(i).CH

Gouania vitifolia

No common name

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 32932, 6/27/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1); CH 50
CFR 17.99(k).CH

Grindelia fraxino-pratensis

Ash Meadows gumplant

Wherever
found

T

50 FR 20777, 5/20/1985; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Hackelia venusta

Showy stickseed

Wherever
found

E

67 FR 5515, 2/6/2002.

Halophila johnsonii

Johnson's seagrass

Wherever
found

T

63 FR 49035, 9/14/1998; N 64 FR 28392, 5/26/1999; 50
CFR 226.213.CH

Haplostachys haplostachya

No common name

Wherever
found

E

44 FR 62468, 10/30/1979.

Harperocallis flava

Harper's beauty

Wherever
found

E

44 FR 56862, 10/2/1979.

Harrisia aboriginum

Prickly-apple, aboriginal

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 63795, 10/24/2013; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Harrisia portoricensis

Higo chumbo

Wherever
found

T

55 FR 32252, 8/8/1990.

Hedeoma todsenii

Todsen's pennyroyal

Wherever
found

E

46 FR 5730, 1/19/1981; 46 FR 40025, 8/6/1981; 50 CFR
17.96(a).CH

Hedyotis cookiana

Awiwi

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Hedyotis megalantha

Pau dedu, Pao doodu

Wherever
found

E

80 FR 59423, 10/1/2015.

Hedyotis purpurea var. montana

Roan Mountain bluet

Wherever
found

E

55 FR 12793, 4/5/1990.

Helenium virginicum

Virginia sneezeweed

Wherever
found

T

63 FR 59239, 11/3/1998.

Helianthemum greenei

Island rush-rose

Wherever
found

T

62 FR 40954, 7/31/1997.

Helianthus paradoxus

Pecos (=puzzle, =paradox)
sunflower

Wherever
found

T

64 FR 56583, 10/20/1999; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Helianthus schweinitzii

Schweinitz's sunflower

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 21087, 5/7/1991.

Helianthus verticillatus

Whorled sunflower

Wherever
found

E

79 FR 44712, 8/1/2014.

Helonias bullata

Swamp pink

Wherever
found

T

53 FR 35076, 9/9/1988.

Heritiera longipetiolata

Ufa halumtanu, Ufa halom
tano

Wherever
found

E

80 FR 59423, 10/1/2015.

Hesperolinon congestum

Marin dwarf-flax

Wherever
found

T

60 FR 6671, 2/3/1995.

Hesperomannia arborescens

No common name

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 14482, 3/28/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1); CH 50
CFR 17.99(c); CH 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Hesperomannia arbuscula

No common name

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 55770, 10/29/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1); CH 50
CFR 17.99(i).CH

Hesperomannia lydgatei

No common name

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 47695, 9/20/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Hexastylis naniflora

Dwarf-flowered heartleaf

Wherever
found

T

54 FR 14964, 4/14/1989.

Hibiscadelphus distans

Kauai hau kuahiwi

Wherever
found

E

51 FR 15903; 4/29/1986.

Hibiscadelphus giffardianus

Hau kuahiwi

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53137, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(k).CH

Hibiscadelphus hualalaiensis

Hau kuahiwi

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53137, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(k).CH

Hibiscadelphus woodii

Hau kuahiwi

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Hibiscus arnottianus ssp. immaculatus

Kokio keokeo

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 46325, 10/8/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(c).CH

Hibiscus brackenridgei

Mao hau hele

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 5633, 11/11/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(c); CH 50 CFR
17.99(e)(1); CH 50 CFR 17.99(e)(2); CH 50 CFR
17.99(i); CH 50 CFR 17.99(k).CH

Hibiscus clayi

Clay's hibiscus

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Hibiscus dasycalyx

Neches River rose-mallow

Wherever
found

T

78 FR 56025, 9/11/2013; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Hibiscus waimeae ssp. hannerae

Kokio keokeo

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Hoffmannseggia tenella

Slender rush-pea

Wherever
found

E

50 FR 45621, 11/1/1985.

Holocarpha macradenia

Santa Cruz tarplant

Wherever
found

T

65 FR 14898, 3/20/2000; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Howellia aquatilis

Water howellia

Wherever
found

T

59 FR 35860, 7/14/1994.

Hudsonia montana

Mountain golden heather

Wherever
found

T

45 FR 69360, 10/20/1980; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Hymenoxys herbacea

Lakeside daisy

Wherever
found

T

53 FR 23742, 6/23/1988.

Hymenoxys texana

Texas prairie dawn-flower

Wherever
found

E

51 FR 8681, 3/13/1986.

Hypericum cumulicola

Highlands scrub hypericum

Wherever
found

E

52 FR 2227, 1/21/1987.

Ilex cookii

Cook's holly

Wherever
found

E

52 FR 22936, 6/16/1986.

Ilex sintenisii

None

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 14782, 4/22/1992.

Iliamna corei

Peter's Mountain mallow

Wherever
found

E

51 FR 17343, 5/12/1986.

Ipomopsis polyantha

Pagosa skyrocket

Wherever
found

E

76 FR 45053, 7/27/2011; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Ipomopsis sancti-spiritus

Holy Ghost ipomopsis

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 13836, 3/23/1994.

Iris lacustris

Dwarf lake iris

Wherever
found

T

53 FR 37972, 9/28/1988.

Ischaemum byrone

Hilo ischaemum

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 10305, 3/4/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1); CH 50 CFR
17.99(c); CH 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1); CH 50 CFR
17.99(k).CH

Isodendrion hosakae

Aupaka

Isodendrion laurifolium

Aupaka

Isodendrion longifolium

Wherever
found

T

56 FR 1454, 1/14/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(k).CH

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53108, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1); CH 50
CFR 17.99(i).CH

Aupaka

Wherever
found

T

61 FR 53108, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1); CH 50
CFR 17.99(i).CH

Isodendrion pyrifolium

Wahine noho kula

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 10305, 3/4/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(c); CH 50 CFR
17.99(e)(1); CH 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Isotria medeoloides

Small whorled pogonia

Wherever
found

T

47 FR 39827, 9/9/1982; 59 FR 50852, 10/6/1994.

Ivesia kingii var. eremica

Ash Meadows ivesia

Wherever
found

T

50 FR 20777, 5/20/1985; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Ivesia webberi

Webber's ivesia

Wherever
found

T

79 FR 31878, 6/3/2014; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Jacquemontia reclinata

Beach jacquemontia

Wherever
found

E

58 FR 62046, 11/24/1993.

Jatropha costaricensis

Costa Rican jatropha

Wherever
found

E

49 FR 30199, 7/27/1984.

Joinvillea ascendens ssp. ascendens

Ohe

Wherever
found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Juglans jamaicensis

Nogal or West Indian
walnut

Wherever
found

E

62 FR 1691, 1/13/1997.

Justicia cooleyi

Cooley's water-willow

Wherever
found

E

54 FR 31190, 7/27/1989.

Kadua cordata ssp. remyi

Kopa

Wherever
found

E

64 FR 48307, 9/3/1999.

Kadua coriacea

Kioele

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 20772, 5/15/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1); CH 50
CFR 17.99(i).CH

Kadua degeneri

No common name

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 55770, 10/29/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Kadua fluviatilis

Kamapuaa

Wherever
found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Kadua haupuensis

No common name

Wherever
found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Kadua laxiflora

Pilo

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 46325, 10/8/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(c); CH 50 CFR
17.99(e)(1).CH

Kadua parvula

No common name

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 55770, 10/29/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Kadua (=Hedyotis) st.-johnii

No common name

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 49639, 9/30/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Kanaloa kahoolawensis

Kohe malama malama o
kanaloa

Wherever
found

E

64 FR 48307, 9/3/1999; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(2).CH

Keysseria erici

No common name

Wherever
found

E

75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Keysseria helenae

No common name

Wherever
found

E

75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Kokia cookei

Cooke's koki`o

Wherever
found

E

44 FR 62470, 10/30/1979; 50 CFR 17.99(c).CH

Kokia drynarioides

Koki`o

Wherever
found

E

49 FR 47397, 12/4/1984; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Kokia kauaiensis

Koki`o

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Korthalsella degeneri

Hulumoa

Wherever
found

E

77 FR 57647, 9/18/2012; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Labordia cyrtandrae

Kamakahala

E

61 FR 53089, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Wherever
found

Labordia helleri

Kamakahala

Wherever
found

E

75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Labordia lydgatei

Kamakahala

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 47695, 9/20/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Labordia pumila

Kamakahala

Wherever
found

E

75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Labordia tinifolia var. lanaiensis

Kamakahala

Wherever
found

E

64 FR 48307, 9/3/1999.

Labordia lorenciana

No common name

Wherever
found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Labordia tinifolia var. wahiawaensis

Kamakahala

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Labordia triflora

Kamakahala

Wherever
found

E

64 FR 48307, 9/3/1999; 50 CFR 17.99(c).CH

Lasthenia burkei

Burke's goldfields

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 61173, 12/2/1991.

Lasthenia conjugens

Contra Costa goldfields

Wherever
found

E

62 FR 33029, 6/18/1997; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Layia carnosa

Beach layia

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 27848, 6/22/1992.

Leavenworthia crassa

fleshy-fruit gladecress

Wherever
found

E

79 FR 44712, 8/1/2014.

Leavenworthia exigua var. laciniata

Kentucky glade cress

Wherever
found

T

79 FR 25683, 5/6/2014; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Leavenworthia texana

Texas golden gladecress

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 56025, 9/11/2013; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Lembertia congdonii

San Joaquin wooly-threads

Wherever
found

E

55 FR 29361, 7/19/1990.

Lepanthes eltoroensis

No common name

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 60933, 11/29/1991.

Lepidium arbuscula

Anaunau

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53089, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Lepidium barnebyanum

Barneby ridge-cress

Wherever
found

E

55 FR 39860, 9/28/1990.

Lepidium papilliferum

Slickspot peppergrass

Wherever
found

T

74 FR 52013, 10/8/2009; 81 FR 55058, 8/17/2016.

Lepidium orbiculare

Anaunau

Wherever
found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Leptocereus grantianus

No common name

Wherever
found

E

58 FR 11550, 2/26/1993.

Lespedeza leptostachya

Prairie bush-clover

Wherever
found

T

52 FR 781, 1/9/1987.

Lesquerella congesta

Dudley Bluffs bladderpod

Wherever
found

T

55 FR 4152, 2/6/1990.

Lesquerella kingii ssp. bernardina

San Bernardino Mountains
bladderpod

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 43652, 8/24/1994; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Lesquerella lyrata

Lyrate bladderpod

Wherever
found

T

55 FR 39864, 9/28/1990.

Lesquerella pallida

White bladderpod

Wherever
found

E

52 FR 7424, 3/11/1987.

Lesquerella perforata

Spring Creek bladderpod

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 67493, 12/23/1996.

Lesquerella thamnophila

Zapata bladderpod

Wherever
found

E

64 FR 63745, 11/22/1999; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Lesquerella tumulosa

Kodachrome bladderpod

Wherever

E

58 FR 52027, 10/6/1993.

found
Lessingia germanorum (=L.
g. var. germanorum)

San Francisco lessingia

Wherever
found

E

62 FR 33368, 6/19/1997.

Liatris helleri

Heller's blazingstar

Wherever
found

T

52 FR 44397, 11/19/1987.

Liatris ohlingerae

Scrub blazingstar

Wherever
found

E

54 FR 31190, 7/27/1989.

Lilaeopsis schaffneriana var. recurva

Huachuca water-umbel

Wherever
found

E

62 FR 665, 1/6/1997; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Lilium occidentale

Western lily

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 42171, 8/17/1994.

Lilium pardalinum ssp. pitkinense

Pitkin Marsh lily

Wherever
found

E

62 FR 54791, 10/22/1997.

Limnanthes floccosa ssp. californica

Butte County meadowfoam

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 24192, 6/8/1992; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Limnanthes floccosa ssp. grandiflora

large-flowered woolly
meadowfoam

Wherever
found

E

67 FR 68004, 11/7/2002; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Limnanthes vinculans

Sebastopol meadowfoam

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 61173, 12/2/1991.

Lindera melissifolia

Pondberry

Wherever
found

E

51 FR 27495, 7/31/1986.

Linum arenicola

Sand flax

Wherever
found

E

81 FR 66842, 9/29/2016.

Linum carteri var. carteri

Carter's small-flowered flax

Wherever
found

E

79 FR 52567, 9/4/2014; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Lipochaeta fauriei

Nehe

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Lipochaeta lobata var. leptophylla

Nehe

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 55770, 10/29/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Lipochaeta micrantha

Nehe

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Lipochaeta venosa

No common name

Wherever
found

E

44 FR 62468, 10/30/1979.

Lipochaeta waimeaensis

Nehe

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Lithophragma maximum

San Clemente Island
woodland-star

Wherever
found

E

62 FR 42692, 8/8/1997.

Lobelia
(gaudichaudii ssp.) koolauensis

No common name

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53089, 10/10/1996; 77 FR 57647, 9/18/2012; 50
CFR 17.99(i).CH

Lobelia monostachya

No common name

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53089, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Lobelia niihauensis

No common name

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 55770, 10/29/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Lobelia oahuensis

No common name

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 14482, 3/28/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Lomatium bradshawii

Bradshaw's desert-parsley

Wherever
found

E

53 FR 38448, 9/30/1988.

Lomatium cookii

Cook's lomatium (Cook's
desert parsley)

Wherever
found

E

67 FR 68004, 11/7/2002; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Lupinus aridorum

Scrub lupine

Wherever
found

E

52 FR 11172, 4/7/1987.

Lupinus nipomensis

Nipomo Mesa lupine

Wherever
found

E

65 FR 14888, 3/20/2000.

Lupinus sulphureus ssp. kincaidii

Kincaid's lupine

Wherever
found

T

65 FR 3875, 3/25/2000; 50 CFR 17.96.CH

Lupinus tidestromii

Clover lupine

Wherever

E

57 FR 27848, 6/22/1992.

found
Lyonia truncata var. proctorii

No common name

Wherever
found

E

58 FR 25755, 4/27/1993.

Lysimachia asperulaefolia

Rough-leaved loosestrife

Wherever
found

E

52 FR 22585, 6/12/1987.

Lysimachia daphnoides

Lehua makanoe

Wherever
found

E

75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Lysimachia filifolia

No common name

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1); CH 50 CFR
17.99(i).CH

Lysimachia iniki

No common name

Wherever
found

E

75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Lysimachia lydgatei

No common name

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 20772, 5/15/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Lysimachia maxima

No common name

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53130, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(c).CH

Lysimachia pendens

No common name

Wherever
found

E

75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Lysimachia scopulensis

No common name

Wherever
found

E

75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Lysimachia venosa

No common name

Wherever
found

E

75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Macbridea alba

White birds-in-a-nest

Wherever
found

T

57 FR 19813, 5/8/1992.

Maesa walkeri

No common name

Wherever
found

T

80 FR 59423, 10/1/2015.

Malacothamnus clementinus

San Clemente Island bushmallow

Wherever
found

E

42 FR 40682, 8/11/1977.

Malacothamnus
fasciculatus var. nesioticus

Santa Cruz Island
bushmallow

Wherever
found

E

62 FR 40954, 7/31/1997.

Malacothrix indecora

Santa Cruz Island
malacothrix

Wherever
found

E

62 FR 40954, 7/31/1997.

Malacothrix squalida

Island malacothrix

Wherever
found

E

62 FR 40954, 7/31/1997.

Manihot walkerae

Walker's manioc

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 49850, 10/2/1991.

Marshallia mohrii

Mohr's Barbara's buttons

Wherever
found

T

53 FR 34698, 9/7/1988.

Melanthera kamolensis

Nehe

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 20772, 5/15/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Melanthera tenuifolia

Nehe

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 55770, 10/29/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Melicope adscendens

Alani

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 62346, 12/5/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Melicope balloui

Alani

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 62346, 12/5/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Melicope christophersenii

Alani

Wherever
found

E

77 FR 57647, 9/18/2012; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Melicope degeneri

Alani

Wherever
found

E

75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Melicope haupuensis

Alani

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Melicope hiiakae

Alani

Wherever
found

E

77 FR 57647, 9/18/2012; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Melicope knudsenii

Alani

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1); CH 50 CFR
17.99(e)(1).CH

Melicope lydgatei

Alani

Melicope makahae

Alani

Melicope mucronulata

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 14482, 3/28/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Wherever
found

E

77 FR 57647, 9/18/2012; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Alani

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 20772, 5/15/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(c); CH 50 CFR
17.99(e)(1).CH

Melicope munroi

Alani

Wherever
found

E

64 FR 48307, 9/3/1999; 50 CFR 17.99(c).CH

Melicope ovalis

Alani

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 62346, 12/5/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Melicope pallida

Alani

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1); CH 50 CFR
17.99(i).CH

Melicope paniculata

Alani

Wherever
found

E

75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Melicope puberula

Alani

Wherever
found

E

75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Melicope quadrangularis

Alani

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994.

Melicope reflexa

Alani

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 46325, 10/8/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(c).CH

Melicope saint-johnii

Alani

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53089, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Melicope zahlbruckneri

Alani

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53137, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(k).CH

Mentzelia leucophylla

Ash Meadows blazing-star

Wherever
found

T

50 FR 20777, 5/20/1985; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Mezoneuron kavaiense

Uhi uhi

Wherever
found

E

51 FR 24672, 7/8/1986.

Mimulus michiganensis (=Mimulus
glabratus var. michiganensis )

Michigan monkey-flower

Wherever
found

E

55 FR 25596, 6/21/1990; 75 FR 55686, 9/14/2010.

Mirabilis macfarlanei

MacFarlane's four-o'clock

Wherever
found

T

44 FR 61912, 10/26/1979; 61 FR 10693, 3/15/1996.

Mitracarpus maxwelliae

No common name

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 46715, 9/9/1994.

Mitracarpus polycladus

No common name

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 46715, 9/9/1994.

Monardella viminea

Willowy monardella

Wherever
found

E

63 FR 54938, 10/13/1998; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Mucuna sloanei var. persericea

Sea bean

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 32013, 5/28/2013; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Myrcia paganii

No common name

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 8138, 2/18/1994.

Myrsine fosbergii

Kolea

Wherever
found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Myrsine juddii

Kolea

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53089, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Myrsine knudsenii

Kolea

Wherever
found

E

75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Myrsine linearifolia

Kolea

Wherever
found

T

61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Myrsine mezii

Kolea

Wherever
found

E

75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Myrsine vaccinioides

Kolea

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 32013, 5/28/2013; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Navarretia fossalis

Spreading navarretia

T

63 FR 54975, 10/13/1998; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Wherever
found

Navarretia
leucocephala ssp. pauciflora (=N.
pauciflora)

Few-flowered navarretia

Wherever
found

E

62 FR 33029, 6/18/1997.

Navarretia
leucocephala ssp. plieantha

Many-flowered navarretia

Wherever
found

E

62 FR 33029, 6/18/1997.

Neostapfia colusana

Colusa grass

Wherever
found

T

62 FR 14338, 3/26/1997; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Neraudia angulata

No common name

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 55770, 10/29/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Neraudia ovata

No common name

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53137, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(k).CH

Neraudia sericea

No common name

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 56333, 11/10/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(c); CH 50 CFR
17.99(e)(1); CH 50 CFR 17.99(e)(2).CH

Nervilia jacksoniae

No common name

Wherever
found

T

80 FR 59423, 10/1/2015.

Nesogenes rotensis

No common name

Wherever
found

E

69 FR 10335, 3/5/2004.

Nitrophila mohavensis

Amargosa niterwort

Wherever
found

E

50 FR 20777, 5/20/1985; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Nolina brittoniana

Britton's beargrass

Wherever
found

E

58 FR 25746, 4/27/1993.

Nothocestrum breviflorum

Aiea

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 10305, 3/4/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(k).CH

Nothocestrum latifolium

Aiea

Wherever
found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Nothocestrum peltatum

Aiea

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Nototrichium humile

Kului

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 55770, 10/29/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1); CH 50
CFR 17.99(i).CH

Ochrosia haleakalae

Holei

Wherever
found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Ochrosia kilaueaensis

Holei

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 10305, 3/4/1994.

Oenothera deltoides ssp. howellii

Antioch Dunes eveningprimrose

Wherever
found

E

43 FR 17910, 4/26/1978; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Opuntia treleasei

Bakersfield cactus

Wherever
found

E

55 FR 29361, 7/19/1990.

Orcuttia californica

California Orcutt grass

Wherever
found

E

58 FR 41384, 8/3/1993.

Orcuttia inaequalis

San Joaquin Valley Orcutt
grass

Wherever
found

T

62 FR 14338, 3/26/1997; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Orcuttia pilosa

Hairy Orcutt grass

Wherever
found

T

62 FR 14338, 3/26/1997; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Orcuttia tenuis

Slender Orcutt grass

Wherever
found

T

62 FR 14338, 3/26/1997; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Orcuttia viscida

Sacramento Orcutt grass

Wherever
found

T

62 FR 14338, 3/26/1997; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Osmoxylon mariannense

No common name

Wherever
found

E

69 FR 10335, 3/5/2004.

Ottoschulzia rhodoxylon

Palo de rosa

Wherever
found

E

55 FR 13488, 4/10/1990.

Oxypolis canbyi

Canby's dropwort

Wherever
found

E

51 FR 6690, 2/25/1986.

Oxytheca parishii var. goodmaniana

Cushenbury oxytheca

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 43652, 8/24/1994; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Oxytropis campestris var. chartacea

Fassett's locoweed

Wherever

T

53 FR 37970, 9/28/1988.

found
Panicum fauriei var. carteri

Carter's panicgrass

Wherever
found

E

48 FR 46328, 10/12/1983; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Panicum niihauense

Lau ehu

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53108, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Paronychia chartacea

Papery whitlow-wort

Wherever
found

T

52 FR 2227, 1/21/1987.

Parvisedum leiocarpum

Lake County stonecrop

Wherever
found

E

62 FR 33029, 6/18/1997.

Pedicularis furbishiae

Furbish lousewort

Wherever
found

E

43 FR 17910, 4/26/1978.

Pediocactus bradyi

Brady pincushion cactus

Wherever
found

E

44 FR 61784, 10/26/1979.

Pediocactus despainii

San Rafael cactus

Wherever
found

E

52 FR 34914, 9/16/1987.

Pediocactus knowltonii

Knowlton cactus

Wherever
found

E

44 FR 62244, 10/29/1979.

Pediocactus
peeblesianus var. fickeiseniae

Fickeisen plains cactus

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 60607, 10/1/2013.

Pediocactus
peeblesianus var. fickeiseniae

Fickeisen plains cactus

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 60607, 10/1/2013; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Pediocactus sileri

Siler pincushion cactus

Wherever
found

T

44 FR 61786, 10/26/1979; 58 FR 68476, 12/27/1993.

Pediocactus winkleri

Winkler cactus

Wherever
found

T

63 FR 44587, 8/20/1998.

Penstemon debilis

Parachute beardtongue

Wherever
found

T

76 FR 45053, 7/27/2011; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Penstemon haydenii

Blowout penstemon

Wherever
found

E

52 FR 32926, 9/1/1987.

Penstemon penlandii

Kremmling beardtongue

Wherever
found

E

54 FR 29658, 7/13/1989.

Pentachaeta bellidiflora

White-rayed pentachaeta

Wherever
found

E

60 FR 6671, 2/3/1995.

Pentachaeta lyonii

Lyon's pentachaeta

Wherever
found

E

62 FR 4172, 1/29/1997; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Peperomia subpetiolata

Alaala wai nui

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 32013, 5/28/2013; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Peperomia wheeleri

Wheeler's peperomia

Wherever
found

E

52 FR 1459, 1/14/1987.

Peucedanum sandwicense

Makou

Wherever
found

T

59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1); CH 50 CFR
17.99(c); CH 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1); CH 50 CFR
17.99(i).CH

Phacelia argillacea

Clay phacelia

Wherever
found

E

43 FR 44810, 9/28/1978.

Phacelia formosula

North Park phacelia

Wherever
found

E

47 FR 38540, 9/1/1982.

Phacelia insularis ssp. insularis

Island phacelia

Wherever
found

E

62 FR 40954, 7/31/1997.

Phacelia submutica

DeBeque phacelia

Wherever
found

T

76 FR 45053, 7/27/2011; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Phlox hirsuta

Yreka phlox

Wherever
found

E

65 FR 5268, 2/3/2000.

Phlox nivalis ssp. texensis

Texas trailing phlox

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 49636, 9/30/1991.

Phyllanthus saffordii

No common name

E

80 FR 59423, 10/1/2015.

Wherever
found

Phyllostegia bracteata

No common name

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 32013, 5/28/2013; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Phyllostegia brevidens

No common name

Wherever
found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Phyllostegia floribunda

No common name

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 64637, 10/29/2013.

Phyllostegia glabra var. lanaiensis

No common name

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 47686, 9/20/1991.

Phyllostegia haliakalae

No common name

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 32013, 5/28/2013; 50 CFR 17.99(c); CH 50 CFR
17.99(e)(1).CH

Phyllostegia helleri

No common name

Wherever
found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Phyllostegia hirsuta

No common name

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53089, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Phyllostegia hispida

No common name

Wherever
found

E

74 FR 11319, 3/17/2009; 50 CFR 17.99(c).CH

Phyllostegia kaalaensis

No common name

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53089, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Phyllostegia knudsenii

No common name

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Phyllostegia mannii

No common name

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 46325, 10/8/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(c); CH 50 CFR
17.99(e)(1).CH

Phyllostegia mollis

No common name

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 55770, 10/29/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1)CH; 50
CFR 17.99(i).CH

Phyllostegia parviflora

No common name

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53108, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Phyllostegia pilosa

No common name

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 32013, 5/28/2013; 50 CFR 17.99(c); CH 50 CFR
17.99(e)(1).CH

Phyllostegia racemosa

Kiponapona

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53137, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(k).CH

Phyllostegia renovans

No common name

Wherever
found

E

75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Phyllostegia stachyoides

No common name

Wherever
found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Phyllostegia velutina

No common name

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53137, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(k).CH

Phyllostegia waimeae

No common name

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Phyllostegia warshaueri

No common name

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53137, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(k).CH

Phyllostegia wawrana

No common name

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Physaria
douglasii subsp. tuplashensis

White Bluffs bladderpod

Wherever
found

T

78 FR 23983, 4/23/2013; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Physaria filiformis (= Lesquerella f.)

Missouri bladderpod

Wherever
found

T

52 FR 679, 1/8/1987; 68 FR 59337, 10/15/2003; 75 FR
55686, 9/14/2010.

Physaria globosa

Short's bladderpod

Wherever
found

E

79 FR 44712, 8/1/2014.

Physaria obcordata

Dudley Bluffs twinpod

Wherever
found

T

55 FR 4152, 2/6/1990.

Pilosocereus robinii

Key tree-cactus

Wherever
found

E

49 FR 29234, 7/19/1984.

Pinguicula ionantha

Godfrey's butterwort

Wherever
found

T

58 FR 37432, 7/12/1993.

Piperia yadonii

Yadon's piperia

Wherever

E

63 FR 43100, 8/12/1998; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

found
Pittosporum halophilum

Hoawa

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 32013, 5/28/2013; 50 CFR 17.99(c).CH

Pittosporum hawaiiense

Hoawa, haawa

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 64637, 10/29/2013.

Pittosporum napaliense

Hoawa

Wherever
found

E

75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Pityopsis ruthii

Ruth's golden aster

Wherever
found

E

50 FR 29341, 7/18/1985.

Plagiobothrys hirtus

Rough popcornflower

Wherever
found

E

65 FR 3866, 1/25/2000.

Plagiobothrys strictus

Calistoga allocarya

Wherever
found

E

62 FR 54791, 10/22/1997.

Plantago hawaienis

Laukahi kuahiwi

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 10305, 3/4/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(k).CH

Plantago princeps

Laukahi kuahiwi

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 56333, 11/10/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1); CH 50
CFR 17.99(c); CH 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1); CH 50 CFR
17.99(i).CH

Platanthera holochila

No common name

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53108, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(c); CH 50 CFR
17.99(a)(1); CH 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1); CH 50 CFR
17.99(i).CH

Platanthera integrilabia

White fringeless orchid

Wherever
found

T

81 FR 62826, 9/13/16.

Platanthera leucophaea

Eastern prairie fringed
orchid

Wherever
found

T

54 FR 39857, 9/28/1989.

Platanthera praeclara

Western prairie fringed
orchid

Wherever
found

T

54 FR 39857, 9/28/1989.

Platydesma cornuta var. cornuta

No common name

Wherever
found

E

77 FR 57647, 9/18/2012; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Platydesma cornuta var. decurrens

No common name

Wherever
found

E

77 FR 57647, 9/18/2012; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Platydesma remyi

No common name

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 64637, 10/29/2013.

Platydesma rostrata

Pilo kea lau lii

Wherever
found

E

75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Pleodendron macranthum

Chupacallos

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 60565, 11/25/1994.

Pleomele fernaldii

Hala pepe

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 32013, 5/28/2013.

Pleomele forbesii

Hala pepe

Wherever
found

E

77 FR 57647, 9/18/2012; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Pleomele hawaiiensis

Hala pepe

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53137, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(k).CH

Poa atropurpurea

San Bernardino bluegrass

Wherever
found

E

63 FR 49006, 9/14/1998; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Poa mannii

Mann's bluegrass

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 56330, 11/10/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Poa napensis

Napa bluegrass

Wherever
found

E

62 FR 54791, 10/22/1997.

Poa sandvicensis

Hawaiian bluegrass

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 20580, 5/13/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Poa siphonoglossa

No common name

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 20580, 5/13/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Pogogyne abramsii

San Diego mesa mint

Wherever
found

E

43 FR 44810, 9/28/1978.

Pogogyne nudiuscula

Otay mesa mint

Wherever

E

58 FR 41384, 8/3/1993.

found
Polygala lewtonii

Lewton's polygala

Wherever
found

E

58 FR 25746, 4/27/1993.

Polygala smallii

Tiny polygala

Wherever
found

E

50 FR 29345, 7/18/1985.

Polygonella basiramia

Wireweed

Wherever
found

E

52 FR 2227, 1/21/1987.

Polygonella myriophylla

Sandlace

Wherever
found

E

58 FR 25746, 4/27/1993.

Polygonum hickmanii

Scotts Valley polygonum

Wherever
found

E

68 FR 16979, 4/8/2003; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Polyscias (=Tetraplasandra)
bisattenuata

No common name

Wherever
found

E

75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Polyscias (=Tetraplasandra) flynnii

No common name

Wherever
found

E

75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Polyscias (=Tetraplasandra)
gymnocarpa

Oheohe

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 14482, 3/28/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Polyscias (=Tetraplasandra) lydgatei

No common name

Wherever
found

E

77 FR 57647, 9/18/2012; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Polyscias (=Munroidendron) racemosa
(=racemosum)

No common name

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Portulaca sclerocarpa

Poe

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 10305, 3/4/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(k).CH

Portulaca villosa

Ihi

Wherever
found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Potamogeton clystocarpus

Little Aguja pondweed

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 57844, 11/14/1991.

Potentilla hickmanii

Hickman's potentilla

Wherever
found

E

63 FR 43100, 8/12/1998.

Primula maguirei

Maguire primrose

Wherever
found

T

50 FR 33731, 8/21/1985.

Pritchardia affinis

Loulu

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 10305, 3/4/1994.

Pritchardia aylmer-robinsonii

Wahane

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 41020, 8/7/1996.

Pritchardia bakeri

Baker's loulu

Wherever
found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Pritchardia hardyi

Loulu

Wherever
found

E

75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010.

Pritchardia kaalae

Loulu

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53089, 10/10/1996.

Pritchardia lanigera

Loulu

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 64637, 10/29/2013.

Pritchardia maideniana

Loulu

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 10305, 3/4/1994.

Pritchardia munroi

Loulu

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 46325, 10/8/1992.

Pritchardia napaliensis

Loulu

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996.

Pritchardia remota

Loulu

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 43178, 8/21/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(g).CH

Pritchardia schattaueri

Loulu

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53137, 10/10/1996.

Pritchardia viscosa

Loulu

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996.

Prunus geniculata

Scrub plum

Pseudobahia bahiifolia

Hartweg's golden sunburst

Pseudobahia

Wherever
found

E

52 FR 2227, 1/21/1987.

Wherever
found

E

62 FR 5542, 2/6/1997.

San Joaquin adobe
sunburst

Wherever
found

T

62 FR 5542, 2/6/1997.

Pseudognaphalium
sandwicensium var. molokaiense

Enaena

Wherever
found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Psychotria grandiflora

Kopiko

Wherever
found

E

75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Psychotria hexandra ssp. oahuensis

Kopiko

Wherever
found

E

77 FR 57647, 9/18/2012; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Psychotria hobdyi

Kopiko

Wherever
found

E

75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Psychotria malaspinae

Aplokating palaoan

Wherever
found

E

80 FR 59423, 10/1/2015.

Pteralyxia kauaiensis

Kaulu

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Pteralyxia macrocarpa

Kaulu

Wherever
found

E

77 FR 57647, 9/18/2012; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Ptilimnium nodosum

Harperella

Wherever
found

E

53 FR 37978, 9/28/1988.

Purshia subintegra

Arizona cliffrose

Wherever
found

E

49 FR 22326, 5/29/1984.

Quercus hinckleyi

Hinckley's oak

Wherever
found

T

53 FR 32824, 8/26/1988.

Ranunculus acriformis var. aestivalis

Autumn buttercup

Wherever
found

E

54 FR 30550, 7/21/1989.

Ranunculus hawaiensis

Makou

Wherever
found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Ranunculus mauiensis

Makou

Wherever
found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Remya kauaiensis

No common name

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 1450, 1/14/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Remya mauiensis

Maui remya

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 1450, 1/14/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Remya montgomeryi

No common name

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 1450, 1/14/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Rhodiola integrifolia ssp. leedyi (=
Sedum integrifolium ssp. l. )

Leedy's roseroot

Wherever
found

T

57 FR 14649, 4/22/1992; 75 FR 55686, 9/14/2010.

Rhododendron chapmanii

Chapman rhododendron

Wherever
found

E

44 FR 24248, 4/24/1979.

Rhus michauxii

Michaux's sumac

Wherever
found

E

54 FR 39850, 9/28/1989.

Rhynchospora knieskernii

Knieskern's beaked-rush

Wherever
found

T

56 FR 32978, 7/18/1991.

Ribes echinellum

Miccosukee gooseberry

Wherever
found

T

50 FR 29338, 7/18/1985.

Rorippa gambellii

Gambel's watercress

Wherever
found

E

58 FR 41378, 8/3/1993.

Sagittaria fasciculata

Bunched arrowhead

Wherever
found

E

44 FR 43700, 7/25/1979.

Sagittaria secundifolia

Kral's water-plantain

Wherever
found

T

55 FR 13907, 4/13/1990.

Sanicula mariversa

No common name

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 55770, 10/29/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Sanicula purpurea

No common name

Sanicula sandwicensis

No common name

Santalum haleakalae var. lanaiense

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53108, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1); CH 50
CFR 17.99(i).CH

Wherever
found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Lanai sandalwood or iliahi

Wherever
found

E

51 FR 3182, 1/24/1986; 78 FR 32013, 5/28/2013; 50
CFR 17.99(e)(1); CH 50 CFR 17.99(c).CH

Santalum involutum

Iliahi

Wherever
found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Sarracenia oreophila

Green pitcher-plant

Wherever
found

E

44 FR 54922, 9/21/1979; 45 FR 18929, 3/24/1980.

Sarracenia rubra ssp. alabamensis

Alabama canebrake
pitcher-plant

Wherever
found

E

54 FR 10150, 3/10/1989.

Sarracenia rubra ssp. jonesii

Mountain sweet pitcherplant

Wherever
found

E

53 FR 38470, 9/30/1988.

Scaevola coriacea

Dwarf naupaka

Wherever
found

E

51 FR 17971, 5/16/1986.

Schenkia sebaeoides

Awiwi

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 55770, 10/29/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1); CH 50
CFR 17.99(c); CH 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1); CH 50 CFR
17.99(i).CH

Schiedea adamantis

Diamond Head schiedea

Wherever
found

E

49 FR 6099, 2/17/1984.

Schiedea apokremnos

Maolioli

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 49639, 9/30/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Schiedea attenuata

No common name

Wherever
found

E

75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Schiedea diffusa ssp. diffusa

No common name

Wherever
found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Schiedea diffusa ssp. macraei

No common name

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 64637, 10/29/2013.

Schiedea haleakalensis

No common name

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 20772, 5/15/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Schiedea hawaiiensis

No common name

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 64637, 10/29/2013.

Schiedea helleri

No common name

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Schiedea hookeri

No common name

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53108, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Schiedea jacobii

No common name

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 32013, 5/28/2013; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Schiedea kaalae

No common name

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 55770, 10/29/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Schiedea kauaiensis

No common name

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53108, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Schiedea kealiae

Maolioli

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53089, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Schiedea laui

No common name

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 32013, 5/28/2013; 50 CFR 17.99(c).CH

Schiedea (=Alsinidendron) lychnoides

Kuawawaenohu

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Schiedea lydgatei

No common name

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 46325, 10/8/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(c).CH

Schiedea membranacea

No common name

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Schiedea nuttallii

No common name

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53108, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1); CH 50
CFR 17.99(c); CH 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Schiedea obovata

No common name

Wherever

E

56 FR 55770, 10/29/1991; 77 FR 57647, 9/18/2012; 50

found

CFR 17.99(i).CH

Schiedea pubescens

Maolioli

Wherever
found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Schiedea salicaria

No common name

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 32013, 5/28/2013; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Schiedea sarmentosa

No common name

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53130, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(c).CH

Schiedea spergulina var. leiopoda

No common name

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Schiedea spergulina var. spergulina

No common name

Wherever
found

T

59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Schiedea stellarioides

Laulihilihi (=Maolioli)

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Schiedea trinervis

No common name

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 55770, 10/29/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Schiedea verticillata

No common name

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 43178, 8/21/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(g).CH

Schiedea (=Alsinidendron) viscosa
(=viscosum)

No common name

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Schoenocrambe argillacea

Clay reed-mustard

Wherever
found

T

57 FR 1398, 1/14/1992.

Schoenocrambe barnebyi

Barneby reed-mustard

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 1398, 1/14/1992.

Schoenocrambe suffrutescens

Shrubby reed-mustard

Wherever
found

E

52 FR 37416, 10/6/1987.

Schoepfia arenaria

None

Wherever
found

T

56 FR 16021, 4/19/1991.

Schwalbea americana

American chaffseed

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 44703, 9/29/1992.

Scirpus ancistrochaetus

Northeastern bulrush

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 21091, 5/7/1991.

Sclerocactus brevihamatus ssp .
tobuschii

Tobusch fishhook cactus

Wherever
found

T

44 FR 64736, 11/7/1979; 83 FR 22392, 5/15/2018.

Sclerocactus brevispinus

Pariette cactus

Wherever
found

T

44 FR 58868, 10/11/1979; 74 FR 47112, 9/15/2009.

Sclerocactus glaucus

Colorado hookless cactus

Wherever
found

T

44 FR 58868, 10/11/1979; 74 FR 47112, 9/15/2009.

Sclerocactus mesae-verdae

Mesa Verde cactus

Wherever
found

T

44 FR 62471, 10/30/1979.

Sclerocactus wetlandicus

Uinta Basin hookless
cactus

Wherever
found

T

44 FR 58868, 10/11/1979; 74 FR 47112, 9/15/2009.

Sclerocactus wrightiae

Wright fishhook cactus

Wherever
found

E

44 FR 58866, 10/11/1979.

Scutellaria floridana

Florida skullcap

Wherever
found

T

57 FR 19813, 5/8/1992.

Scutellaria montana

Large-flowered skullcap

Wherever
found

T

51 FR 22521, 6/20/1986; 67 FR 1662, 1/14/2002.

Senecio franciscanus

San Francisco Peaks
ragwort

Wherever
found

T

48 FR 52743, 11/22/1983; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Senecio layneae

Layne's butterweed

Wherever
found

T

61 FR 54346, 10/18/1996.

Serianthes nelsonii

Hayun lagu (Guam),
Tronkon guafi (Rota)

Wherever
found

E

52 FR 4907, 2/18/1987; 52 FR 6651, 5/4/1987.

Sesbania tomentosa

Ohai

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 56333, 11/10/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1); CH 50
CFR 17.99(c); CH 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1); CH 50 CFR
17.99(g); CH 50 CFR 17.99(i); CH 50 CFR 17.99(k).CH

Sibara filifolia

Santa Cruz Island rockcress

Wherever
found

E

62 FR 42692, 8/8/1997.

Sicyos albus (=alba)

Anunu

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53137, 10/10/1996, 50 CFR 17.99(k).CH

Sicyos lanceoloideus

Anunu

Wherever
found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Sicyos macrophyllus

Anunu

Wherever
found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Sidalcea keckii

Keck's checkermallow

Wherever
found

E

65 FR 7757, 2/16/2000; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Sidalcea nelsoniana

Nelson's checker-mallow

Wherever
found

T

58 FR 8235, 2/12/1993.

Sidalcea oregana var. calva

Wenatchee Mountains
checker-mallow

Wherever
found

E

64 FR 71680, 12/22/1999; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Sidalcea oregana ssp. valida

Kenwood Marsh checkermallow

Wherever
found

E

62 FR 54791, 10/22/1997.

Sidalcea pedata

Pedate checker-mallow

Wherever
found

E

49 FR 34497, 8/31/1984.

Sideroxylon
reclinatum ssp. austrofloridense

Everglades bully

Wherever
found

T

82 FR 46691, 10/06/2017.

Silene alexandri

No common name

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 46325, 10/8/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(c).CH

Silene hawaiiensis

No common name

Wherever
found

T

59 FR 10305, 3/4/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(k).CH

Silene lanceolata

No common name

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 46325, 10/8/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(c); CH 50 CFR
17.99(i).CH

Silene perlmanii

No common name

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 55770, 10/29/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Silene polypetala

Fringed campion

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 1932, 1/18/1991.

Silene spaldingii

Spalding's catchfly

Wherever
found

T

66 FR 51597, 10/10/2001.

Sisyrinchium dichotomum

White irisette

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 48752, 9/26/1991.

Solanum drymophilum

Erubia

Wherever
found

E

53 FR 32827, 8/26/1988.

Solanum guamense

Biringenas halumtanu,
Birengenas halom tano

Wherever
found

E

80 FR 59423, 10/1/2015.

Solanum incompletum

Popolo ku mai

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 56333, 10/10/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1); CH 50
CFR 17.99(k).CH

Solanum nelsonii

Popolo

Wherever
found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Solanum sandwicense

Aiakeakua, popolo

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1); CH 50 CFR
17.99(i).CH

Solidago houghtonii

Houghton's goldenrod

Wherever
found

T

53 FR 27134, 7/18/1988.

Solidago shortii

Short's goldenrod

Wherever
found

E

50 FR 36085, 9/5/1985.

Solidago spithamaea

Blue Ridge goldenrod

Wherever
found

T

50 FR 12306, 3/28/1985.

Spermolepis hawaiiensis

No common name

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 56333, 11/10/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1); CH 50
CFR 17.99(c)CH; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1); CH 50 CFR
17.99(i).CH

Sphaeralcea gierischii

Gierisch mallow

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 49149, 8/13/2013.

Spigelia gentianoides

Gentian pinkroot

Spiraea virginiana

Virginia spiraea

Spiranthes delitescens

Wherever
found

E

55 FR 49046, 11/26/1990.

Wherever
found

T

55 FR 24241, 6/15/1990.

Canelo Hills ladies'-tresses

Wherever
found

E

62 FR 665, 1/6/1997.

Spiranthes diluvialis

Ute ladies'-tresses

Wherever
found

T

57 FR 2048, 1/17/1992.

Spiranthes parksii

Navasota ladies'-tresses

Wherever
found

E

47 FR 19539, 5/6/1982.

Stahlia monosperma

Cóbana negra

Wherever
found

T

55 FR 12790, 4/5/1990.

Stenogyne
angustifolia var. angustifolia

No common name

Wherever
found

E

44 FR 62468, 10/30/1979.

Stenogyne bifida

No common name

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 46325, 10/8/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(c).CH

Stenogyne campanulata

No common name

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 20580, 5/13/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Stenogyne cranwelliae

No common name

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 64637, 10/29/2013.

Stenogyne kaalae ssp. sherffii

No common name

Wherever
found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Stenogyne kanehoana

No common name

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 20592, 5/13/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Stenogyne kauaulaensis

No common name

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 32013, 5/28/2013; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Stenogyne kealiae

No common name

Wherever
found

E

75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Stephanomeria malheurensis

Malheur wire-lettuce

Wherever
found

E

47 FR 50881, 11/10/1982; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Streptanthus albidus ssp. albidus

Metcalf Canyon jewelflower

Wherever
found

E

60 FR 6671, 2/3/1995.

Streptanthus niger

Tiburon jewelflower

Wherever
found

E

60 FR 6671, 2/3/1995.

Styrax portoricensis

Palo de jazmfn

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 14782, 4/22/1992.

Styrax texanus

Texas snowbells

Wherever
found

E

49 FR 40035, 10/12/1984.

Suaeda californica

Sea-blite, California

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 64613, 12/15/1994.

Swallenia alexandrae

Eureka dune grass, Eureka
Valley dune grass, or
Eureka dunegrass

Wherever
found

T

83 FR 8576, 2/27/18.

Tabernaemontana rotensis

No common name

Wherever
found

T

80 FR 59423, 10/1/2015.

Taraxacum californicum

California taraxacum

Wherever
found

E

63 FR 49006, 9/14/1988; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Ternstroemia luquillensis

Palo colorado

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 14782, 4/22/1992.

Ternstroemia subsessilis

No common name

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 14782, 4/22/1992.

Tetramolopium arenarium

No common name

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 10305, 3/4/1994.

Tetramolopium capillare

Pamakani

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 49860, 9/30/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Tetramolopium filiforme

No common name

Wherever

E

56 FR 55770, 10/29/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

found
Tetramolopium
lepidotum ssp. lepidotum

No common name

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 55770, 10/29/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Tetramolopium remyi

No common name

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 47686, 9/20/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Tetramolopium rockii

No common name

Wherever
found

T

57 FR 46325, 10/8/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(c).CH

Thalictrum cooleyi

Cooley's meadowrue

Wherever
found

E

54 FR 5935, 2/7/1989.

Thelypodium howellii ssp. spectabilis

Howell's spectacular
thelypody

Wherever
found

T

64 FR 28393, 5/26/1999.

Thelypodium stenopetalum

Slender-petaled mustard

Wherever
found

E

49 FR 34497, 8/31/1984.

Thlaspi californicum

Kneeland Prairie pennycress

Wherever
found

E

65 FR 6332, 2/9/2000; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Thymophylla tephroleuca

Ashy dogweed

Wherever
found

E

49 FR 29232, 7/19/1984.

Thysanocarpus conchuliferus

Santa Cruz Island
fringepod

Wherever
found

E

62 FR 40954, 7/31/1997.

Tinospora homosepala

No common name

Wherever
found

E

80 FR 59423, 10/1/2015.

Townsendia aprica

Last Chance townsendia

Wherever
found

T

50 FR 33734, 8/21/1985.

Trematolobelia singularis

No common name

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53089, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Trichilia triacantha

Bariaco

Wherever
found

E

53 FR 3565, 2/5/1988.

Trifolium amoenum

Showy Indian clover

Wherever
found

E

62 FR 54791, 10/22/1997.

Trifolium stoloniferum

Running buffalo clover

Wherever
found

E

52 FR 21478, 6/5/1987.

Trifolium trichocalyx

Monterey clover

Wherever
found

E

63 FR 43100, 8/12/1998.

Trillium persistens

Persistent trillium

Wherever
found

E

43 FR 17910, 4/26/1978.

Trillium reliquum

Relict trillium

Wherever
found

E

53 FR 10879, 4/4/1988.

Tuberolabium guamense

No common name

Wherever
found

T

80 FR 59423, 10/1/2015.

Tuctoria greenei

Greene's tuctoria

Wherever
found

T

62 FR 14338, 3/26/1997; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Tuctoria mucronata

Solano grass

Wherever
found

T

43 FR 44810, 9/28/1978; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Urera kaalae

Opuhe

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 55770, 10/29/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Varronia rupicola

No common name

Wherever
found

T

79 FR 53303, 9/9/2014; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Verbena californica

Red Hills vervain

Wherever
found

T

63 FR 49006, 9/14/1998.

Verbesina dissita

Big-leaved crownbeard

Wherever
found

T

61 FR 52370, 10/7/1996.

Vernonia proctorii

No common name

Wherever
found

E

58 FR 25755, 4/27/1993.

Vicia menziesii

Hawaiian vetch

Wherever
found

E

43 FR 17910, 4/26/1978.

Vigna o-wahuensis

No common name

Viola
chamissoniana ssp. chamissoniana

Pamakani

Viola helenae

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 56333, 11/10/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1); CH 50
CFR 17.99(e)(2); CH 50 CFR 17.99(i); CH 50 CFR
17.99(c); CH 50 CFR 17.99(k).CH

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 55770, 10/29/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

No common name

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 47695, 9/20/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Viola kauaiensis var. wahiawaensis

Nani waialeale

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Viola lanaiensis

No common name

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 47686, 9/20/1991.

Viola oahuensis

No common name

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53089, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Warea amplexifolia

Wide-leaf warea

Wherever
found

E

52 FR 15501, 4/29/1987.

Warea carteri

Carter's mustard

Wherever
found

E

52 FR 2227, 1/21/1987.

Wikstroemia skottsbergiana

Akia

Wherever
found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Wikstroemia villosa

Akia

Wherever
found

E

78 FR 32013, 5/28/2013; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Wilkesia hobdyi

Dwarfiliau

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 27859, 6/22/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Xylosma crenatum

No common name

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 20580, 5/13/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Xyris tennesseensis

Tennessee yellow-eyed
grass

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 34151, 7/26/1991.

Yermo xanthocephalus

Desert yellowhead

Wherever
found

T

67 FR 11442, 3/14/2002; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Zanthoxylum dipetalum var.
tomentosum

Ae

Wherever
found

E

61 FR 53137, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(k).CH

Zanthoxylum hawaiiense

Ae

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 10305, 3/4/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1); CH 50 CFR
17.99(c); CH 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Zanthoxylum oahuense

Ae

Wherever
found

E

77 FR 57647, 9/18/2012; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Zanthoxylum thomasianum

St. Thomas prickly-ash

Wherever
found

E

50 FR 51867, 12/20/1985.

Zizania texana

Texas wild-rice

Wherever
found

E

43 FR 17910, 4/26/1978; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH

Ziziphus celata

Florida ziziphus

Wherever
found

E

54 FR 31190, 7/27/1989.

Abies guatemalensis

Guatemalan fir (=pinabete)

Wherever
found

T

44 FR 65002, 11/8/1979.

Cupressus goveniana ssp. goveniana

Gowen cypress

Wherever
found

T

63 FR 43100, 8/12/1998.

Fitzroya cupressoides

Alerce or Chilean false
larch

Wherever
found

T

44 FR 64730, 11/7/1979.

Hesperocyparis abramsiana

Santa Cruz cypress

Wherever
found

T

52 FR 675, 1/8/1987; 81 FR 8408, 2/19/2016.

Torreya taxifolia

Florida torreya

Wherever
found

E

49 FR 2783, 1/23/1984.

E

59 FR 56333, 11/10/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1); CH 50
CFR 17.99(a)(1); CH 50 CFR 17.99(i); CH 50 CFR
17.99(k).CH

Conifers

Ferns and Allies
Adenophorus periens

Pendent kihi fern

Wherever
found

Adiantum vivesii

No common name

Wherever
found

E

58 FR 32308, 6/9/1993.

Asplenium dielerectum

Asplenium-leaved diellia

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 56333, 11/10/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1); CH 50
CFR 17.99(c); CH 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1); CH 50 CFR
17.99(i); CH 50 CFR 17.99(k).CH

Asplenium diellaciniatum

No common name

Wherever
found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Asplenium (=Diellia) dielfalcatum
(=falcate)

No common name

Wherever
found

E

56 FR 55770, 10/29/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Asplenium (=Diellia) dielmannii
(=mannii)

No common name

Wherever
found

E

75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Asplenium (=Diellia) dielpallicum
(=pallida)

No common name

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH

Asplenium peruvianum var. insulare

No common name

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 49025, 9/26/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1); CH 50
CFR 17.99(k).CH

Asplenium
scolopendrium var. americanum

American hart's-tongue
fern

Wherever
found

T

54 FR 29726, 7/14/1989.

Asplenium (=Diellia) unisorum
(=unisora)

No common name

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 32932, 6/27/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Ctenitis squamigera

Pauoa

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 49025, 9/26/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1); CH 50
CFR 17.99(c); CH 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1); CH 50 CFR
17.99(i).CH

Cyathea dryopteroides

Elfin tree fern

Wherever
found

E

52 FR 22936, 6/16/1987.

Cyclosorus boydiae

Kupukupu makalii

Wherever
found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Deparia kaalaana

No common name

Wherever
found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Diplazium molokaiense

No common name

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 49025, 9/26/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1); CH 50
CFR 17.99(c); CH 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1); CH 50 CFR
17.99(i).CH

Doryopteris angelica

No common name

Wherever
found

E

75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Doryopteris takeuchii

No common name

Wherever
found

E

77 FR 57647, 9/18/2012; 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH

Dryopteris glabra var. pusilla

Hohiu

Wherever
found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Dryopteris crinalis var . podosorus

Palapalai aumakua

Wherever
found

E

75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH

Elaphoglossum serpens

None

Wherever
found

E

58 FR 32308, 6/9/1993.

Huperzia mannii

Wawae`iole

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 20772, 5/15/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1).CH

Huperzia nutans

Wawaeiole

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 20772, 5/15/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1); CH 50
CFR 17.99(i).CH

Huperzia stemmermanniae

No common name

Wherever
found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Hypolepis hawaiiensis var. mauiensis

Olua

Wherever
found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Isoetes louisianensis

Louisiana quillwort

Wherever
found

E

57 FR 48741, 10/28/1992.

Isoetes melanospora

Black-spored quillwort

Wherever
found

E

53 FR 3560, 2/5/1988.

Isoetes tegetiformans

Mat-forming quillwort

Wherever
found

E

53 FR 3560, 2/5/1988.

Marsilea villosa

Ihiihi

E

57 FR 27863, 6/22/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(c); CH 50 CFR
17.99(i).CH

Wherever
found

Microlepia strigosa var. mauiensis

No common name

Wherever
found

E

81 FR 67786, 9/30/2016.

Polystichum aleuticum

Aleutian shield-fern

Wherever
found

E

53 FR 4626, 2/17/1988.

Polystichum calderonense

No common name

Wherever
found

E

58 FR 32308, 6/9/1993.

Pteris lidgatei

No common name

Wherever
found

E

59 FR 49025, 9/26/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1); CH 50
CFR 17.99(i); CH 50 CFR 17.99(c).CH

Tectaria estremerana

No common name

Wherever
found

E

58 FR 32308, 6/9/1993.

Thelypteris inabonensis

No common name

Wherever
found

E

58 FR 35887, 7/2/1993.

Thelypteris pilosa var. alabamensis

Alabama streak-sorus fern

Wherever
found

T

57 FR 30164, 7/8/1992.

Thelypteris verecunda

No common name

Wherever
found

E

58 FR 35887, 7/2/1993.

Thelypteris yaucoensis

No common name

Wherever
found

E

58 FR 35887, 7/2/1993.

Trichomanes
punctatum ssp. floridanum

Florida bristle fern

Wherever
found

E

80 FR 60439, 10/6/2015.

Cladonia perforata

Florida perforate cladonia

Wherever
found

E

58 FR 25746, 4/27/1993.

Gymnoderma lineare

Rock gnome lichen

Wherever
found

E

60 FR 3557, 1/18/1995.

Lichens

[81 FR 51583, Aug. 4, 2016, as amended at 81 FR 55301, Aug. 18, 2016; 81 FR 62832, Sept. 13, 2016; 81 FR 66864,
Sept. 29, 2016; 81 FR 67857, Sept. 30, 2016; 81 FR 70059, Oct. 11, 2016; 82 FR 42259, Sept. 7, 2017; 82 FR 46715, Oct.
6, 2017; 83 FR 8603, Feb. 27, 2018; 83 FR 21936, May 11, 2018; 83 FR 22401, May 15, 2018; 83 FR 25404, June 1,
2018; 83 FR 52786, Oct. 18, 2018]
Subpart C—Endangered Wildlife
§ 17.21

Prohibitions.

(a) Except as provided in subpart A of this part, or under permits issued pursuant to § 17.22 or § 17.23, it is unlawful for
any person subject to the jurisdiction of the United States to commit, to attempt to commit, to solicit another to commit or to
cause to be committed, any of the acts described in paragraphs (b) through (f) of this section in regard to any endangered
wildlife.
(b) Import or export. It is unlawful to import or to export any endangered wildlife. Any shipment in transit through the
United States is an importation and an exportation, whether or not it has entered the country for customs purposes.
(c) Take. (1) It is unlawful to take endangered wildlife within the United States, within the territorial sea of the United
States, or upon the high seas. The high seas shall be all waters seaward of the territorial sea of the United States, except
waters officially recognized by the United States as the territorial sea of another country, under international law.
(2) Notwithstanding paragraph (c)(1) of this section, any person may take endangered wildlife in defense of his own life or
the lives of others.
(3) Notwithstanding paragraph (c)(1) of this section, any employee or agent of the Service, any other Federal land
management agency, the National Marine Fisheries Service, or a State conservation agency, who is designated by his
agency for such purposes, may, when acting in the course of his official duties, take endangered wildlife without a permit if
such action is necessary to:
(i) Aid a sick, injured or orphaned specimen; or
(ii) Dispose of a dead specimen; or
(iii) Salvage a dead specimen which may be useful for scientific study; or

(iv) Remove specimens which constitute a demonstrable but nonimmediate threat to human safety, provided that the
taking is done in a humane manner; the taking may involve killing or injuring only if it has not been reasonably possible to
eliminate such threat by live-capturing and releasing the specimen unharmed, in a remote area.
(4) Any taking under paragraphs (c)(2) and (3) of this section must be reported in writing to the Office of Law Enforcement,
at the address provided at 50 CFR 2.1(b), within 5 days. The specimen may only be retained, disposed of, or salvaged
under directions from the Office of Law Enforcement.
(5) Notwithstanding paragraph (c)(1) of this section, any qualified employee or agent of a State Conservation Agency
which is a party to a Cooperative Agreement with the Service in accordance with section 6(c) of the Act, who is designated
by his agency for such purposes, may, when acting in the course of his official duties take those endangered species
which are covered by an approved cooperative agreement for conservation programs in accordance with the Cooperative
Agreement, provided that such taking is not reasonably anticipated to result in:
(i) The death or permanent disabling of the specimen;
(ii) The removal of the specimen from the State where the taking occurred;
(iii) The introduction of the specimen so taken, or of any progeny derived from such a specimen, into an area beyond the
historical range of the species; or
(iv) The holding of the specimen in captivity for a period of more than 45 consecutive days.
(6) Notwithstanding paragraph (c)(1) of this section, any person acting under a valid migratory bird rehabilitation permit
issued pursuant to § 21.31 of this subchapter may take endangered migratory birds without an endangered species permit
if such action is necessary to aid a sick, injured, or orphaned endangered migratory bird, provided the permittee:
(i) Notifies the issuing Migratory Bird Permit Office immediately upon receipt of such bird (contact information for your
issuing office is listed on your permit and on the Internet at http://offices.fws.gov ); and
(ii) Disposes of or transfers such birds, or their parts or feathers, as directed by the Migratory Bird Permit Office.
(7) Notwithstanding paragraph (c)(1) of this section, persons exempt from the permit requirements of § 21.12(c) and (d) of
this subchapter may take sick and injured endangered migratory birds without an endangered species permit in performing
the activities authorized under § 21.12(c) and (d).
(d) Possession and other acts with unlawfully taken wildlife. (1) It is unlawful to possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, or
ship, by any means whatsoever, any endangered wildlife which was taken in violation of paragraph (c) of this section.
Example.
A person captures a whooping crane in Texas and gives it to a second person, who
puts it in a closed van and drives thirty miles, to another location in Texas. The second
person then gives the whooping crane to a third person, who is apprehended with the
bird in his possession. All three have violated the law—the first by illegally taking the
whooping crane; the second by transporting an illegally taken whooping crane; and the
third by possessing an illegally taken whooping crane.
(2) Notwithstanding paragraph (d)(1) of this section, Federal and State law enforcement officers may possess, deliver,
carry, transport or ship any endangered wildlife taken in violation of the Act as necessary in performing their official duties.
(3) Notwithstanding paragraph (d)(1) of this section, any person acting under a valid migratory bird rehabilitation permit
issued pursuant to § 21.31 of this subchapter may possess and transport endangered migratory birds without an
endangered species permit when such action is necessary to aid a sick, injured, or orphaned endangered migratory bird,
provided the permittee:
(i) Notifies the issuing Migratory Bird Permit Office immediately upon receipt of such bird (contact information for your
issuing office is listed on your permit and on the Internet at http://offices.fws.gov ); and
(ii) Disposes of or transfers such birds, or their parts or feathers, as directed by the Migratory Bird Permit Office.
(4) Notwithstanding paragraph (d)(1) of this section, persons exempt from the permit requirements of § 21.12(c) and (d) of
this subchapter may possess and transport sick and injured endangered migratory bird species without an endangered
species permit in performing the activities authorized under § 21.12(c) and (d).
(e) Interstate or foreign commerce. It is unlawful to deliver, receive, carry transport, or ship in interstate or foreign
commerce, by any means whatsoever, and in the course of a commercial activity, any endangered wildlife.
(f) Sale or offer for sale. (1) It is unlawful to sell or to offer for sale in interstate or foreign commerce any endangered
wildlife.

(2) An advertisement for the sale of endangered wildlife which carries a warning to the effect that no sale may be
consummated until a permit has been obtained from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service shall not be considered an offer for
sale within the meaning of this section.
(g) Captive-bred wildlife. (1) Notwithstanding paragraphs (b), (c), (e) and (f) of this section, any person may take; export or
re-import; deliver, receive, carry, transport or ship in interstate or foreign commerce, in the course of a commercial activity;
or sell or offer for sale in interstate or foreign commerce any endangered wildlife that is bred in captivity in the United
States provided either that the wildlife is of a taxon listed in paragraph (g)(6) of this section, or that the following conditions
are met:
(i) The wildlife is of a species having a natural geographic distribution not including any part of the United States, or the
wildlife is of a species that the Director has determined to be eligible in accordance with paragraph (g)(5) of this section;
(ii) The purpose of such activity is to enhance the propagation or survival of the affected species;
(iii) Such activity does not involve interstate or foreign commerce, in the course of a commercial activity, with respect to
non-living wildlife;
(iv) Each specimen of wildlife to be re-imported is uniquely identified by a band, tattoo or other means that was reported in
writing to an official of the Service at a port of export prior to export from the United States; and
(v) Any person subject to the jurisdiction of the United States who engages in any of the activities authorized by this
paragraph does so in accordance with paragraphs (g) (2), (3) and (4) of this section, and with all other applicable
regulations in this Subchapter B.
(2) Any person subject to the jurisdiction of the United States seeking to engage in any of the activities authorized by this
paragraph must first register with the Service's Division of Management Authority at the address provided at 50 CFR
2.1(b). Requests for registration must be submitted on an official application form (Form 3-200-41) provided by the Service,
and must include the following information:
(i) The types of wildlife sought to be covered by the registration, identified by common and scientific name to the taxonomic
level of family, genus or species;
(ii) A description of the applicant's experience in maintaining and propagating the types of wildlife sought to be covered by
the registration, and when appropriate, in conducting research directly related to maintaining and propagating such wildlife;
(iii) Photograph(s) or other evidence clearly depicting the facilities where such wildlife will be maintained; and
(iv) a copy of the applicant's license or registration, if any, under the animal welfare regulations of the U.S. Department of
Agriculture (9 CFR part 2).
(3) Upon receipt of a complete application for registration, or the renewal or amendment of an existing registration, under
this section, the Service will publish notice of the application in the Federal Register.Each notice will invite the submission
from interested parties, within 30 days after the date of the notice, of written data, views, or arguments with respect to the
application. All information received as part of each application will be made available to the public, upon request, as a
matter of public record at every stage of the proceeding, including, but not limited to, information needed to assess the
eligibility of the applicant, such as the original application, materials, any intervening renewal applications documenting a
change in location or personnel, and the most recent annual report.
(i) At the completion of this comment period, the Director will decide whether to approve the registration. In making this
decision, the Director will consider, in addition to the general criteria in § 13.21(b) of this subchapter, whether the expertise,
facilities, or other resources available to the applicant appear adequate to enhance the propagation or survival of the
affected wildlife. Public education activities may not be the sole basis to justify issuance of a registration or to otherwise
establish eligibility for the exception granted in paragraph (g)(1) of this section.
(ii) If the Director approves the registration, the Service will publish notice of the decision in the Federal Register that the
registration was applied for in good faith, that issuing the registration will not operate to the disadvantage of the species for
which registration was sought, and that issuing the registration will be consistent with the purposes and policy set forth in
section 2 of the Act.
(iii) Each person so registered must maintain accurate written records of activities conducted under the registration and
allow reasonable access to Service agents for inspection purposes as set forth in §§ 13.46 and 13.47 of this chapter. Each
person so registered must also submit to the Director an individual written annual report of activities, including all births,
deaths, and transfers of any type.
(4) Any person subject to the jurisdiction of the United States seeking to export or conduct foreign commerce in captivebred endangered wildlife that will not remain under the care of that person must first obtain approval by providing written
evidence to satisfy the Director that the proposed recipient of the wildlife has expertise, facilities or other resources
adequate to enhance the propagation or survival of such wildlife and that the proposed recipient will use such wildlife for
purposes of enhancing the propagation or survival of the affected species.

(5)(i) The Director will use the following criteria to determine if wildlife of any species having a natural geographic
distribution that includes any part of the United States is eligible for the provisions of this paragraph:
(A) Whether there is a low demand for taking of the species from wild populations, either because of the success of captive
breeding or because of other reasons, and
(B) Whether the wild populations of the species are effectively protected from unauthorized taking as a result of the
inaccessibility of their habitat to humans or as a result of the effectiveness of law enforcement.
(ii) The Director will follow the procedures set forth in the Act and in the regulations thereunder with respect to petitions and
notification of the public and governors of affected States when determining the eligibility of species for purposes of this
paragraph.
(iii) In accordance with the criteria in paragraph (g)(5)(i) of this section, the Director has determined the following species to
be eligible for the provisions of this paragraph:
LAYSAN DUCK ( ANAS LAYSANENSIS ).

(6) Exemption from registration requirement. (i) If the conditions in paragraph (g)(6)(ii) of this section are met, then any
person subject to the jurisdiction of the United States seeking to engage in any of the activities authorized by paragraph (g)
(1) of this section may do so without first registering with the Service with respect to the following species:
(A) The bar-tailed pheasant (Syrmaticus humiae), Elliot's pheasant (S. ellioti), Mikado pheasant (S. mikado), brown
eared pheasant (Crossoptilon mantchuricum), white eared pheasant (C. crossoptilon), cheer pheasant (Catreus
wallichii), Edward's pheasant (Lophura edwardsi), Swinhoe's pheasant (L. swinhoii), Chinese monal (Lophophorus
lhuysii), and Palawan peacock pheasant (Polyplectron emphanum);
(B) Parakeets of the species Neophema pulchella and N. splendida;
(C) The Laysan duck (Anas laysanensis); and
(D) The white-winged wood duck (Cairina scutulata).
(ii) Conditions for exemption to register. The following conditions must exist for persons dealing with the species listed in
paragraph (g)(6)(i) of this section to be eligible for exemption from the requirement to register with the Service:
(A) The purpose of the activity is to enhance the propagation or survival of the affected exempted species.
(B) Such activity does not involve interstate or foreign commerce, in the course of a commercial activity, with respect to
nonliving wildlife.
(C) Each specimen to be reimported is uniquely identified by a band, tattoo, or other means that was reported in writing to
an official of the Service at a port of export prior to export of the specimen from the United States.
(D) No specimens of the taxa in paragraph (g)(6)(i) of this section that were taken from the wild may be imported for
breeding purposes absent a definitive showing that the need for new bloodlines can be met only by wild specimens, that
suitable foreign-bred, captive individuals are unavailable, and that wild populations can sustain limited taking. In addition,
an import permit must be issued under § 17.22.
(E) Any permanent exports of such specimens meet the requirements of paragraph (g)(4) of this section.
(F) Each person claiming the benefit of the exception in paragraph (g)(1) of this section must maintain accurate written
records of activities, including births, deaths, and transfers of specimens, and make those records accessible to Service
agents for inspection at reasonable hours as set forth in §§ 13.46 and 13.47 of this chapter.
(h) U.S. captive-bred scimitar-horned oryx, addax, and dama gazelle. Notwithstanding paragraphs (b), (c), (e), and (f) of
this section, any person subject to the jurisdiction of the United States may take; export or re-import; deliver, receive, carry,
transport or ship in interstate or foreign commerce, in the course of a commercial activity; or sell or offer for sale in
interstate or foreign commerce live wildlife, including embryos and gametes, and sport-hunted trophies of scimitar-horned
oryx ( Oryx dammah ), addax ( Addax nasomaculatus ), and dama gazelle ( Gazella dama ) provided:
(1) The purpose of such activity is associated with the management or transfer of live wildlife, including embryos and
gametes, or sport hunting in a manner that contributes to increasing or sustaining captive numbers or to potential
reintroduction to range countries;
(2) The specimen was captive-bred, in accordance with § 17.3, within the United States;
(3) All live specimens of that species held by the captive-breeding operation are managed in a manner that prevents
hybridization of the species or subspecies;
(4) All live specimens of that species held by the captive-breeding operation are managed in a manner that maintains
genetic diversity;

(5) Any export of or foreign commerce in a specimen meets the requirements of paragraph (g)(4) of this section, as well as
parts 13, 14, and 23 of this chapter;
(6) Each specimen to be re-imported is uniquely identified by a tattoo or other means that is reported on the documentation
required under paragraph (h)(5) of this section; and
(7) Each person claiming the benefit of the exception of this paragraph (h) must maintain accurate written records of
activities, including births, deaths, and transfers of specimens, and make those records accessible to Service officials for
inspection at reasonable hours set forth in §§ 13.46 and 13.47 of this chapter.
(8) The sport-hunted trophy consists of raw or tanned parts, such as bones, hair, head, hide, hooves, horns, meat, skull,
rug, taxidermied head, shoulder, or full body mount, of a specimen that was taken by the hunter during a sport hunt for
personal use. It does not include articles made from a trophy, such as worked, manufactured, or handicraft items for use
as clothing, curios, ornamentation, jewelry, or other utilitarian items for commercial purposes.
[40 FR 44415, Sept. 26, 1975, as amended at 40 FR 53400, Nov. 18, 1975; 41 FR 19226, May 11, 1976; 44 FR 31580,
May 31, 1979; 44 FR 54007, Sept. 17, 1979; 58 FR 68325, Dec. 27, 1993; 63 FR 48640, Sept. 11, 1998; 68 FR 2919, Jan.
22, 2003; 68 FR 61136, Oct. 27, 2003; 70 FR 52318, Sept. 2, 2005; 77 FR 438, Jan. 5, 2012; 77 FR 43175, July 24, 2012;
79 FR 15252, Mar. 19, 2014; 79 FR 30418, May 27, 2014; 79 FR 43965, July 29, 2014; 81 FR 19930, Apr. 6, 2016]
§ 17.22

Permits for scientific purposes, enhancement of propagation or survival, or for incidental taking.

Upon receipt of a complete application, the Director may issue a permit authorizing any activity otherwise prohibited by § 
17.21, in accordance with the issuance criteria of this section, for scientific purposes, for enhancing the propagation or
survival, or for the incidental taking of endangered wildlife. Such permits may authorize a single transaction, a series of
transactions, or a number of activities over a specific period of time. (See § 17.32 for permits for threatened species.) The
Director shall publish notice in the Federal Register of each application for a permit that is made under this section. Each
notice shall invite the submission from interested parties, within 30 days after the date of the notice, of written data, views,
or arguments with respect to the application. The 30-day period may be waived by the Director in an emergency situation
where the life or health of an endangered animal is threatened and no reasonable alternative is available to the applicant.
Notice of any such waiver shall be published in the Federal Registerwithin 10 days following issuance of the permit.
(a)(1) Application requirements for permits for scientific purposes or for the enhancement of propagation or survival. A
person wishing to get a permit for an activity prohibited by § 17.21 submits an application for activities under this
paragraph. The Service provides Form 3-200 for the application to which all of the following must be attained:
(i) The common and scientific names of the species sought to the covered by the permit, as well as the number, age, and
sex of such species, and the activity sought to be authorized (such as taking, exporting, selling in interstate commerce);
(ii) A statement as to whether, at the time of application, the wildlife sought to be covered by the permit (A) is still in the
wild, (B) has already been removed from the wild, or (C) was born in captivity;
(iii) A resume of the applicant's attempts to obtain the wildlife sought to be covered by the permit in a manner which would
not cause the death or removal from the wild of such wildlife;
(iv) If the wildlife sought to be covered by the permit has already been removed from the wild, the country and place where
such removal occurred; if the wildlife sought to be covered by the permit was born in captivity, the country and place where
such wildlife was born;
(v) A complete description and address of the institution or other facility where the wildlife sought to be covered by the
permit will be used, displayed, or maintained;
(vi) If the applicant seeks to have live wildlife covered by the permit, a complete description, including photographs or
diagrams, of the facilities to house and/or care for the wildlife and a resume of the experience of those person who will be
caring for the wildlife;
(vii) A full statement of the reasons why the applicant is justified in obtaining a permit including the details of the activities
sought to be authorized by the permit;
(viii) If the application is for the purpose of enhancement of propagation, a statement of the applicant's willingness to
participate in a cooperative breeding program and to maintain or contribute data to a studbook;
(2) Issuance criteria. Upon receiving an application completed in accordance with paragraph (a)(1) of this section, the
Director will decide whether or not a permit should be issued. In making this decision, the Director shall consider, in
addition to the general criteria in § 13.21(b) of this subchapter, the following factors:
(i) Whether the purpose for which the permit is required is adequate to justify removing from the wild or otherwise changing
the status of the wildlife sought to be covered by the permit;

(ii) The probable direct and indirect effect which issuing the permit would have on the wild populations of the wildlife sought
to be covered by the permit;
(iii) Whether the permit, if issued, would in any way, directly or indirectly, conflict with any known program intended to
enhance the survival probabilities of the population from which the wildlife sought to be covered by the permit was or would
be removed;
(iv) Whether the purpose for which the permit is required would be likely to reduce the threat of extinction facing the
species of wildlife sought to be covered by the permit;
(v) The opinions or views of scientists or other persons or organizations having expertise concerning the wildlife or other
matters germane to the application; and
(vi) Whether the expertise, facilities, or other resources available to the applicant appear adequate to successfully
accomplish the objectives stated in the application.
(3) Permit conditions. In addition to the general conditions set forth in part 13 of this subchapter, every permit issued
under this paragraph shall be subject to the special condition that the escape of living wildlife covered by the permit shall
be immediately reported to the Service office designated in the permit.
(4) Duration of permits. The duration of permits issued under this paragraph shall be designated on the face of the permit.
(b)(1) Application requirements for permits for incidental taking. A person wishing to get a permit for an activity prohibited
by § 17.21(c) submits an application for activities under this paragraph. The Service provides Form 3-200 for the
application to which all of the following must be attached:
(i) A complete description of the activity sought to be authorized;
(ii) The common and scientific names of the species sought to be covered by the permit, as well as the number, age, and
sex of such species, if known;
(iii) A conservation plan that specifies:
(A) The impact that will likely result from such taking;
(B) What steps the applicant will take to monitor, minimize, and mitigate such impacts, the funding that will be available to
implement such steps, and the procedures to be used to deal with unforeseen circumstances;
(C) What alternative actions to such taking the applicant considered and the reasons why such alternatives are not
proposed to be utilized; and
(D) Such other measures that the Director may require as being necessary or appropriate for purposes of the plan;
(2) Issuance criteria. (i) Upon receiving an application completed in accordance with paragraph (b)(1) of this section, the
Director will decide whether or not a permit should be issued. The Director shall consider the general issuance criteria in § 
13.21(b) of this subchapter, except for § 13.21(b)(4), and shall issue the permit if he or she finds that:
(A) The taking will be incidental;
(B) The applicant will, to the maximum extent practicable, minimize and mitigate the impacts of such takings;
(C) The applicant will ensure that adequate funding for the conservation plan and procedures to deal with unforeseen
circumstances will be provided;
(D) The taking will not appreciably reduce the likelihood of the survival and recovery of the species in the wild;
(E) The measures, if any, required under paragraph (b)(1)(iii)(D) of this section will be met; and
(F) He or she has received such other assurances as he or she may require that the plan will be implemented.
(ii) In making his or her decision, the Director shall also consider the anticipated duration and geographic scope of the
applicant's planned activities, including the amount of listed species habitat that is involved and the degree to which listed
species and their habitats are affected.
(3) Permit conditions. In addition to the general conditions set forth in part 13 of this subchapter, every permit issued
under this paragraph shall contain such terms and conditions as the Director deems necessary or appropriate to carry out
the purposes of the permit and the conservation plan including, but not limited to, monitoring and reporting requirements
deemed necessary for determining whether such terms and conditions are being complied with. The Director shall rely
upon existing reporting requirements to the maximum extent practicable.
(4) Duration of permits. The duration of permits issued under this paragraph shall be sufficient to provide adequate
assurances to the permittee to commit funding necessary for the activities authorized by the permit, including conservation
activities and land use restrictions. In determining the duration of a permit, the Director shall consider the duration of the

planned activities, as well as the possible positive and negative effects associated with permits of the proposed duration on
listed species, including the extent to which the conservation plan will enhance the habitat of listed species and increase
the long-term survivability of such species.
(5) Assurances provided to permittee in case of changed or unforeseen circumstances. The assurances in this paragraph
(b)(5) apply only to incidental take permits issued in accordance with paragraph (b)(2) of this section where the
conservation plan is being properly implemented, and apply only with respect to species adequately covered by the
conservation plan. These assurances cannot be provided to Federal agencies. This rule does not apply to incidental take
permits issued prior to March 25, 1998. The assurances provided in incidental take permits issued prior to March 25, 1998
remain in effect, and those permits will not be revised as a result of this rulemaking.
(i) Changed circumstances provided for in the plan. If additional conservation and mitigation measures are deemed
necessary to respond to changed circumstances and were provided for in the plan's operating conservation program, the
permittee will implement the measures specified in the plan.
(ii) Changed circumstances not provided for in the plan. If additional conservation and mitigation measures are deemed
necessary to respond to changed circumstances and such measures were not provided for in the plan's operating
conservation program, the Director will not require any conservation and mitigation measures in addition to those provided
for in the plan without the consent of the permittee, provided the plan is being properly implemented.
(iii) Unforeseen circumstances. (A) In negotiating unforeseen circumstances, the Director will not require the commitment
of additional land, water, or financial compensation or additional restrictions on the use of land, water, or other natural
resources beyond the level otherwise agreed upon for the species covered by the conservation plan without the consent of
the permittee.
(B) If additional conservation and mitigation measures are deemed necessary to respond to unforeseen circumstances, the
Director may require additional measures of the permittee where the conservation plan is being properly implemented, but
only if such measures are limited to modifications within conserved habitat areas, if any, or to the conservation plan's
operating conservation program for the affected species, and maintain the original terms of the conservation plan to the
maximum extent possible. Additional conservation and mitigation measures will not involve the commitment of additional
land, water or financial compensation or additional restrictions on the use of land, water, or other natural resources
otherwise available for development or use under the original terms of the conservation plan without the consent of the
permittee.
(C) The Director will have the burden of demonstrating that unforeseen circumstances exist, using the best scientific and
commercial data available. These findings must be clearly documented and based upon reliable technical information
regarding the status and habitat requirements of the affected species. The Director will consider, but not be limited to, the
following factors:
( 1 ) Size of the current range of the affected species;
( 2 ) Percentage of range adversely affected by the conservation plan;
( 3 ) Percentage of range conserved by the conservation plan;
( 4 ) Ecological significance of that portion of the range affected by the conservation plan;
( 5 ) Level of knowledge about the affected species and the degree of specificity of the species' conservation program
under the conservation plan; and
( 6 ) Whether failure to adopt additional conservation measures would appreciably reduce the likelihood of survival and
recovery of the affected species in the wild.
(6) Nothing in this rule will be construed to limit or constrain the Director, any Federal, State, local, or Tribal government
agency, or a private entity, from taking additional actions at its own expense to protect or conserve a species included in a
conservation plan.
(7) Discontinuance of permit activity. Notwithstanding the provisions of § 13.26 of this subchapter, a permittee under this
paragraph (b) remains responsible for any outstanding minimization and mitigation measures required under the terms of
the permit for take that occurs prior to surrender of the permit and such minimization and mitigation measures as may be
required pursuant to the termination provisions of an implementing agreement, habitat conservation plan, or permit even
after surrendering the permit to the Service pursuant to § 13.26 of this subchapter. The permit shall be deemed canceled
only upon a determination by the Service that such minimization and mitigation measures have been implemented. Upon
surrender of the permit, no further take shall be authorized under the terms of the surrendered permit.
(8) Criteria for revocation. A permit issued under paragraph (b) of this section may not be revoked for any reason except
those set forth in § 13.28(a)(1) through (4) of this subchapter or unless continuation of the permitted activity would be
inconsistent with the criterion set forth in 16 U.S.C. 1539(a)(2)(B)(iv) and the inconsistency has not been remedied.

(c)(1) Application requirements for permits for the enhancement of survival through Safe Harbor Agreements. The
applicant must submit an application for a permit under this paragraph (c) to the appropriate Regional Director, U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service, for the Region where the applicant resides or where the proposed activity is to occur (for appropriate
addresses, see 50 CFR 10.22), if the applicant wishes to engage in any activity prohibited by § 17.21. The applicant must
submit an official Service application form (3-200.54) that includes the following information:
(i) The common and scientific names of the listed species for which the applicant requests incidental take authorization;
(ii) A description of how incidental take of the listed species pursuant to the Safe Harbor Agreement is likely to occur, both
as a result of management activities and as a result of the return to baseline; and
(iii) A Safe Harbor Agreement that complies with the requirements of the Safe Harbor policy available from the Service.
(2) Issuance criteria. Upon receiving an application completed in accordance with paragraph (c)(1) of this section, the
Director will decide whether or not to issue a permit. The Director shall consider the general issuance criteria in § 13.21(b)
of this subchapter, except for § 13.21(b)(4), and may issue the permit if he or she finds:
(i) The take will be incidental to an otherwise lawful activity and will be in accordance with the terms of the Safe Harbor
Agreement;
(ii) The implementation of the terms of the Safe Harbor Agreement is reasonably expected to provide a net conservation
benefit to the affected listed species by contributing to the recovery of listed species included in the permit, and the Safe
Harbor Agreement otherwise complies with the Safe Harbor policy available from the Service;
(iii) The probable direct and indirect effects of any authorized take will not appreciably reduce the likelihood of survival and
recovery in the wild of any listed species;
(iv) Implementation of the terms of the Safe Harbor Agreement is consistent with applicable Federal, State, and Tribal laws
and regulations;
(v) Implementation of the terms of the Safe Harbor Agreement will not be in conflict with any ongoing conservation or
recovery programs for listed species covered by the permit; and
(vi) The applicant has shown capability for and commitment to implementing all of the terms of the Safe Harbor
Agreement.
(3) Permit conditions. In addition to any applicable general permit conditions set forth in part 13 of this subchapter, every
permit issued under this paragraph (c) is subject to the following special conditions:
(i) A requirement for the participating property owner to notify the Service of any transfer of lands subject to a Safe Harbor
Agreement;
(ii) When appropriate, a requirement for the permittee to give the Service reasonable advance notice (generally at least 30
days) of when he or she expects to incidentally take any listed species covered under the permit. Such notification will
provide the Service with an opportunity to relocate affected individuals of the species, if possible and appropriate; and
(iii) Any additional requirements or conditions the Director deems necessary or appropriate to carry out the purposes of the
permit and the Safe Harbor Agreement.
(4) Permit effective date. Permits issued under this paragraph (c) become effective the day of issuance for species
covered by the Safe Harbor Agreement.
(5) Assurances provided to permittee. (i) The assurances in paragraph (c)(5) (ii) of this section (c)(5) apply only to Safe
Harbor permits issued in accordance with paragraph (c)(2) of this section where the Safe Harbor Agreement is being
properly implemented, and apply only with respect to species covered by the Agreement and permit. These assurances
cannot be provided to Federal agencies. The assurances provided in this section apply only to Safe Harbor permits issued
after July 19, 1999.
(ii) The Director and the permittee may agree to revise or modify the management measures set forth in a Safe Harbor
Agreement if the Director determines that such revisions or modifications do not change the Director's prior determination
that the Safe Harbor Agreement is reasonably expected to provide a net conservation benefit to the listed species.
However, the Director may not require additional or different management activities to be undertaken by a permittee
without the consent of the permittee.
(6) Additional actions. Nothing in this rule will be construed to limit or constrain the Director, any Federal, State, local or
Tribal government agency, or a private entity, from taking additional actions at its own expense to protect or conserve a
species included in a Safe Harbor Agreement.
(7) Criteria for revocation. The Director may not revoke a permit issued under paragraph (c) of this section except as
provided in this paragraph. The Director may revoke a permit for any reason set forth in § 13.28(a)(1) through (4) of this
subchapter. The Director may revoke a permit if continuation of the permitted activity would either appreciably reduce the

likelihood of survival and recovery in the wild of any listed species or directly or indirectly alter designated critical habitat
such that it appreciably diminishes the value of that critical habitat for both the survival and recovery of a listed species.
Before revoking a permit for either of the latter two reasons, the Director, with the consent of the permittee, will pursue all
appropriate options to avoid permit revocation. These options may include, but are not limited to: extending or modifying
the existing permit, capturing and relocating the species, compensating the landowner to forgo the activity, purchasing an
easement or fee simple interest in the property, or arranging for a third-party acquisition of an interest in the property.
(8) Duration of permits. The duration of permits issued under this paragraph (c) must be sufficient to provide a net
conservation benefit to species covered in the enhancement of survival permit. In determining the duration of a permit, the
Director will consider the duration of the planned activities, as well as the positive and negative effects associated with
permits of the proposed duration on covered species, including the extent to which the conservation activities included in
the Safe Harbor Agreement will enhance the survival and contribute to the recovery of listed species included in the permit.
(d)(1) Application requirements for permits for the enhancement of survival through Candidate Conservation Agreements
with Assurances (CCAAs). The applicant must submit an application for a permit under this paragraph (d) to the
appropriate Regional Director, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, for the Region where the applicant resides or where the
proposed activity is to occur (for appropriate addresses, see 50 CFR 10.22). When a species covered by a (CCAA) is
listed as endangered and the applicant wishes to engage in activities identified in the Agreement and otherwise prohibited
by § 17.31, the applicant must apply for an enhancement of survival permit for species covered by the Agreement. The
permit will become valid if and when covered proposed, candidate or other unlisted species is listed as an endangered
species. The applicant must submit an official Service application form (3-200.54) that includes the following information:
(i) The common and scientific names of the species for which the applicant requests incidental take authorization;
(ii) A description of the land use or water management activity for which the applicant requests incidental take
authorization; and
(iii) A CCAA that complies with the requirements of the CCAA with Assurances policy available from the Service.
(2) Issuance criteria. Upon receiving an application completed in accordance with paragraph (d)(1) of this section, the
Director will decide whether or not to issue a permit. The Director shall consider the general issuance criteria in § 13.21(b)
of this subchapter, except for § 13.21(b)(4), and may issue the permit if he or she finds:
(i) The take will be incidental to an otherwise lawful activity and will be in accordance with the terms of the CCAA;
(ii) The implementation of the terms of the CCAA is reasonably expected to provide a net conservation benefit to the
affected covered species by contributing to the conservation of the species included in the permit, and the CCAA otherwise
complies with the Candidate Conservation Agreement with Assurances policy available from the Service;
(iii) The probable direct and indirect effects of any authorized take will not appreciably reduce the likelihood of survival and
recovery in the wild of any species;
(iv) Implementation of the terms of the CCAA is consistent with applicable Federal, State, and Tribal laws and regulations;
(v) Implementation of the terms of the CCAA will not be in conflict with any ongoing conservation programs for species
covered by the permit; and
(vi) The applicant has shown capability for and commitment to implementing all of the terms of the CCAA.
(3) Permit conditions. In addition to any applicable general permit conditions set forth in part 13 of this subchapter, every
permit issued under this paragraph (d) is subject to the following special conditions:
(i) A requirement for the property owner to notify the Service of any transfer of lands subject to a CCAA;
(ii) When appropriate, a requirement for the permittee to give the Service reasonable advance notice (generally at least 30
days) of when he or she expects to incidentally take any listed species covered under the permit. Such notification will
provide the Service with an opportunity to relocate affected individuals of the species, if possible and appropriate; and
(iii) Any additional requirements or conditions the Director deems necessary or appropriate to carry out the purposes of the
permit and the CCAA.
(4) Permit effective date. Permits issued under this paragraph (d) become effective for a species covered by a CCAA on
the effective date of a final rule that lists a covered species as endangered.
(5) Assurances provided to permittee in case of changed or unforeseen circumstances. The assurances in this paragraph
(d)(5) apply only to permits issued in accordance with paragraph (d)(2) where the (CCAA) is being properly implemented,
and apply only with respect to species adequately covered by the CCAA. These assurances cannot be provided to Federal
agencies.
(i) Changed circumstances provided for in the Agreement. If the Director determines that additional conservation
measures are necessary to respond to changed circumstances and these measures were set forth in the Agreement, the

permittee will implement the measures specified in the Agreement.
(ii) Changed circumstances not provided for in the Agreement. If the Director determines that additional conservation
measures not provided for in the Agreement are necessary to respond to changed circumstances, the Director will not
require any conservation measures in addition to those provided for in the Agreement without the consent of the permittee,
provided the Agreement is being properly implemented.
(iii) Unforeseen circumstances. (A) In negotiating unforeseen circumstances, the Director will not require the commitment
of additional land, water, or financial compensation or additional restrictions on the use of land, water, or other natural
resources beyond the level otherwise agreed upon for the species covered by the Agreement without the consent of the
permittee.
(B) If the Director determines additional conservation measures are necessary to respond to unforeseen circumstances,
the Director may require additional measures of the permittee where the Agreement is being properly implemented, but
only if such measures maintain the original terms of the Agreement to the maximum extent possible. Additional
conservation measures will not involve the commitment of additional land, water, or financial compensation or additional
restrictions on the use of land, water, or other natural resources otherwise available for development or use under the
original terms of the Agreement without the consent of the permittee.
(C) The Director will have the burden of demonstrating that unforeseen circumstances exist, using the best scientific and
commercial data available. These findings must be clearly documented and based upon reliable technical information
regarding the status and habitat requirements of the affected species. The Director will consider, but not be limited to, the
following factors:
( 1 ) Size of the current range of the affected species;
( 2 ) Percentage of range adversely affected by the Agreement;
( 3 ) Percentage of range conserved by the Agreement;
( 4 ) Ecological significance of that portion of the range affected by the Agreement;
( 5 ) Level of knowledge about the affected species and the degree of specificity of the species' conservation program
under the Agreement; and
( 6 ) Whether failure to adopt additional conservation measures would appreciably reduce the likelihood of survival and
recovery of the affected species in the wild.
(6) Additional actions. Nothing in this rule will be construed to limit or constrain the Director, any Federal, State, local or
Tribal government agency, or a private entity, from taking additional actions at its own expense to protect or conserve a
species included in a CCAA.
(7) Criteria for revocation. The Director may not revoke a permit issued under paragraph (d) of this section except as
provided in this paragraph. The Director may revoke a permit for any reason set forth in § 13.28(a)(1) through (4) of this
subchapter. The Director may revoke a permit if continuation of the permitted activity would either appreciably reduce the
likelihood of survival and recovery in the wild of any listed species or directly or indirectly alter designated critical habitat
such that it appreciably diminishes the value of that critical habitat for both the survival and recovery of a listed species.
Before revoking a permit for either of the latter two reasons, the Director, with the consent of the permittee, will pursue all
appropriate options to avoid permit revocation. These options may include, but are not limited to: extending or modifying
the existing permit, capturing and relocating the species, compensating the landowner to forgo the activity, purchasing an
easement or fee simple interest in the property, or arranging for a third-party acquisition of an interest in the property.
(8) Duration. The duration of a CCAA covered by a permit issued under this paragraph (d) must be sufficient to achieve a
net conservation benefit to the species covered by the permit and the Agreement and otherwise comply with the Candidate
Conservation Agreement with Assurances policy available from the Service.
(e) Objection to permit issuance. (1) In regard to any notice of a permit application published in the Federal Register, any
interested party that objects to the issuance of a permit, in whole or in part, may, during the comment period specified in
the notice, request notification of the final action to be taken on the application. A separate written request shall be made
for each permit application. Such a request shall specify the Service's permit application number and state the reasons
why that party believes the applicant does not meet the issuance criteria contained in §§ 13.21 and 17.22 of this
subchapter or other reasons why the permit should not be issued.
(2) If the Service decides to issue a permit contrary to objections received pursuant to paragraph (c)(1) of this section, then
the Service shall, at least ten days prior to issuance of the permit, make reasonable efforts to contact by telephone or other
expedient means, any party who has made a request pursuant to paragraph (c)(1) of this section and inform that party of
the issuance of the permit. However, the Service may reduce the time period or dispense with such notice if it determines
that time is of the essence and that delay in issuance of the permit would: (i) Harm the specimen or population involved; or
(ii) unduly hinder the actions authorized under the permit.

(3) The Service will notify any party filing an objection and request for notice under paragraph (c)(1) of this section of the
final action taken on the application, in writing. If the Service has reduced or dispensed with the notice period referred to in
paragraph (c)(2) of this section, it will include its reasons therefore in such written notice.
[50 FR 39687, Sept. 30, 1985, as amended at 63 FR 8871, Feb. 23, 1998; 63 FR 52635, Oct. 1, 1998; 64 FR 32711, June
17, 1999; 64 FR 52676, Sept. 30, 1999; 69 FR 24092, May 3, 2004; 69 FR 29670, May 25, 2004; 69 FR 71731, Dec. 10,
2004; 81 FR 95055, Dec. 27, 2016]
§ 17.23

Economic hardship permits.

Upon receipt of a complete application, the Director may issue a permit authorizing any activity otherwise prohibited by § 
17.21, in accordance with the issuance criteria of this section in order to prevent undue economic hardship. The Director
shall publish notice in the Federal Register of each application for a permit that is made under this section. Each notice
shall invite the submission from interested parties, within 30 days after the date of the notice, of written data, views, or
arguments with respect to the application. The 30-day period may be waived by the Director in an emergency situation
where the life or health of an endangered animal is threatened and no reasonable alternative is available to the applicant.
Notice of any such waiver shall be published in the Federal Register within 10 days following issuance of the permit.
(a) Application requirements. Applications for permits under this section must be submitted to the Director by the person
allegedly suffering undue economic hardship because his desired activity is prohibited by § 17.21. Each application must
be submitted on an official application form (Form 3-200) provided by the Service, and must include, as an attachment, all
of the information required in § 17.22 plus the following additional information:
(1) The possible legal, economic or subsistence alternatives to the activity sought to be authorized by the permit;
(2) A full statement, accompanied by copies of all relevant contracts and correspondence, showing the appli- cant's
involvement with the wildlife sought to be covered by the permit (as well as his involvement with similar wildlife), including,
where applicable, that portion of applicant's income derived from the taking of such wildlife, or the subsistence use of such
wildlife, during the calendar year immediately preceding either the notice in the Federal Register of review of the status of
the species or of the proposal to list such wildlife as endangered, whichever is earliest;
(3) Where applicable, proof of a contract or other binding legal obligation which:
(i) Deals specifically with the wildlife sought to be covered by the permit;
(ii) Became binding prior to the date when the notice of a review of the status of the species or the notice of proposed
rulemaking proposing to list such wildlife as endangered was published in the Federal Register,whichever is earlier; and
(iii) Will cause monetary loss of a given dollar amount if the permit sought under this section is not granted.
(b) Issuance criteria. Upon receiving an application completed in accordance with paragraph (a) of this section, the
Director will decide whether or not a permit should be issued under any of the three categories of economic hardship, as
defined in section 10(b)(2) of the Act. In making his decisions, the Director shall consider, in addition to the general criteria
in § 13.21(b) of this subchapter, the following factors:
(1) Whether the purpose for which the permit is being requested is adequate to justify removing from the wild or otherwise
changing the status of the wildlife sought to be covered by the permit;
(2) The probable direct and indirect effect which issuing the permit would have on the wild populations of the wildlife
sought to be covered by the permit;
(3) The economic, legal, subsistence, or other alternatives or relief available to the applicant;
(4) The amount of evidence that the applicant was in fact party to a contract or other binding legal obligation which;
(i) Deals specifically with the wildlife sought to be covered by the permit; and
(ii) Became binding prior to the date when the notice of a review of the status of the species or the notice of proposed
rulemaking proposing to list such wildlife as endangered was published in the Federal Register,whichever is earlier.
(5) The severity of economic hardship which the contract or other binding legal obligation referred to in paragraph (b)(4) of
this section would cause if the permit were denied;
(6) Where applicable, the portion of the applicant's income which would be lost if the permit were denied, and the
relationship of that portion to the balance of his income;
(7) Where applicable, the nature and extent of subsistence taking generally by the applicant; and
(8) The likelihood that applicant can reasonably carry out his desired activity within one year from the date a notice is
published in the Federal Register to review status of such wildlife, or to list such wildlife as endangered, whichever is

earlier.
(c) Permit conditions. In addition to the general conditions set forth in part 13 of this subchapter, every permit issued under
this section shall be subject to the following special conditions:
(1) In addition to any reporting requirements contained in the permit itself, the permittee shall also submit to the Director a
written report of his activities pursuant to the permit. Such report must be postmarked or actually delivered no later than 10
days after completion of the activity.
(2) The death or escape of all living wildlife covered by the permit shall be immediately reported to the Service's office
designated in the permit.
(d) Duration of permits issued under this section shall be designated on the face of the permit. No permit issued under this
section, however, shall be valid for more than one year from the date a notice is published in the Federal Register to
review status of such wildlife, or to list such wildlife as endangered, whichever is earlier.
[40 FR 44415, Sept. 26, 1975, as amended at 40 FR 53400, Nov. 18, 1975; 40 FR 58307, Dec. 16, 1975; 50 FR 39688,
Sept. 30, 1985]
Subpart D—Threatened Wildlife
§ 17.31

Prohibitions.

(a) Except as provided in §§ 17.4 through 17.8, or in a permit issued under this subpart, all of the provisions of § 17.21,
except § 17.21(c)(5), shall apply to threatened species of wildlife that were added to the List of Endangered and
Threatened Wildlife in § 17.11(h) on or prior to September 26, 2019, unless the Secretary has promulgated speciesspecific provisions (see paragraph (c) of this section).
(b) In addition to any other provisions of this part, any employee or agent of the Service, of the National Marine Fisheries
Service, or of a State conservation agency that is operating a conservation program pursuant to the terms of a cooperative
agreement with the Service in accordance with section 6(c) of the Act, who is designated by that agency for such
purposes, may, when acting in the course of official duties, take those threatened species of wildlife that are covered by an
approved cooperative agreement to carry out conservation programs.
(c) Whenever a species-specific rule in §§ 17.40 through 17.48 applies to a threatened species, none of the provisions of
paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section will apply. The species-specific rule will contain all the applicable prohibitions and
exceptions.
[84 FR 44760, Aug. 27, 2019]

§ 17.32

Permits—general.

Upon receipt of a complete application the Director may issue a permit for any activity otherwise prohibited with regard to
threatened wildlife. Such permit shall be governed by the provisions of this section unless a special rule applicable to the
wildlife, appearing in §§ 17.40 to 17.48, of this part provides otherwise. Permits issued under this section must be for one
of the following purposes: Scientific purposes, or the enhancement of propagation or survival, or economic hardship, or
zoological exhibition, or educational purposes, or incidental taking, or special purposes consistent with the purposes of the
Act. Such permits may authorize a single transaction, a series of transactions, or a number of activities over a specific
period of time.
(a)(1) Application requirements for permits for scientific purposes, or the enhancement of propagation or survival, or
economic hardship, or zoological exhibition, or educational purposes, or special purposes consistent with the purposes of
the Act. A person wishing to get a permit for an activity prohibited by § 17.31 submits an application for activities under this
paragraph. The Service provides Form 3-200 for the application to which as much of the following information relating to
the purpose of the permit must be attached:
(i) The Common and scientific names of the species sought to be covered by the permit, as well as the number, age, and
sex of such species, and the activity sought to be authorized (such as taking, exporting, selling in interstate commerce);
(ii) A statement as to whether, at the time of application, the wildlife sought to be covered by the permit (A) is still in the
wild, (B) has already been removed from the wild, or (C) was born in captivity;
(iii) A resume of the applicant's attempts to obtain the wildlife sought to be covered by the permit in a manner which would
not cause the death or removal from the wild of such wildlife;
(iv) If the wildlife sought to be covered by the permit has already been removed from the wild, the country and place where
such removal occurred; if the wildlife sought to be covered by permit was born in captivity, the country and place where
such wildlife was born;

(v) A complete description and address of the institution or other facility where the wildlife sought to be covered by the
permit will be used, displayed, or maintained;
(vi) If the applicant seeks to have live wildlife covered by the permit, a complete description, including photographs or
diagrams, of the facilities to house and/or care for the wildlife and a resume of the experience of those persons who will be
caring for the wildlife;
(vii) A full statement of the reasons why the applicant is justified in obtaining a permit including the details of the activities
sought to be authorized by the permit;
(viii) If the application is for the purpose of enhancement of propagation, a statement of the applicant's willingness to
participate in a cooperative breeding program and to maintain or contribute data to a studbook;
(2) Issuance criteria. Upon receiving an application completed in accordance with paragraph (a)(1) of this section, the
Director will decide whether or not a permit should be issued. In making this decision, the Director shall consider, in
addition to the general criteria in § 13.21(b) of this subchapter, the following factors:
(i) Whether the purpose for which the permit is required is adequate to justify removing from the wild or otherwise changing
the status of the wildlife sought to be covered by the permit;
(ii) The probable direct and indirect effect which issuing the permit would have on the wild populations of the wildlife sought
to be covered by the permit;
(iii) Whether the permit, if issued, would in any way, directly or indirectly, conflict with any known program intended to
enhance the survival probabilities of the population from which the wildlife sought to be covered by the permit was or would
be removed;
(iv) Whether the purpose for which the permit is required would be likely to reduce the threat of extinction facing the
species of wildlife sought to be covered by the permit;
(v) The opinions or views of scientists or other persons or organizations having expertise concerning the wildlife or other
matters germane to the application; and
(vi) Whether the expertise, facilities, or other resources available to the applicant appear adequate to successfully
accomplish the objectives stated in the application.
(3) Permit conditions. In addition to the general conditions set forth in part 13 of this subchapter, every permit issued
under this paragraph shall be subject to the special condition that the escape of living wildlife covered by the permit shall
be immediately reported to the Service office designated in the permit.
(4) Duration of permits. The duration of permits issued under this paragraph shall be designated on the face of the permit.
(b)(1) Application requirements for permits for incidental taking. (i) A person wishing to get a permit for an activity
prohibited by § 17.31 submits an application for activities under this paragraph.
(ii) The director shall publish notice in the Federal Register of each application for a permit that is made under this
section. Each notice shall invite the submission from interested parties, within 30 days after the date of the notice, of
written data, views, or arguments with respect to the application.
(iii) Each application must be submitted on an official application (Form 3-200) provided by the Service, and must include
as an attachment, all of the following information:
(A) A complete description of the activity sought to be authorized;
(B) The common and scientific names of the species sought to be covered by the permit, as well as the number, age, and
sex of such species, if known;
(C) A conservation plan that specifies:
( 1 ) The impact that will likely result from such taking;
( 2 ) What steps the applicant will take to monitor, minimize, and mitigate such impacts, the funding that will be available to
implement such steps, and the procedures to be used to deal with unforeseen circumstances;
( 3 ) What alternative actions to such taking the applicant considered and the reasons why such alternatives are not
proposed to be utilized; and
( 4 ) Such other measures that the Director may require as being necessary or appropriate for purposes of the plan.
(2) Issuance criteria. (i) Upon receiving an application completed in accordance with paragraph (b)(1) of this section, the
Director will decide whether or not a permit should be issued. The Director shall consider the general issuance criteria in
13.21(b) of this subchapter, except for 13.21(b)(4), and shall issue the permit if he or she finds that:

(A) The taking will be incidental;
(B) The applicant will, to the maximum extent practicable, minimize and mitigate the impacts of such takings;
(C) The applicant will ensure that adequate funding for the conservation plan and procedures to deal with unforeseen
circumstances will be provided;
(D) The taking will not appreciably reduce the likelihood of the survival and recovery of the species in the wild;
(E) The measures, if any, required under paragraph (b)(1)(iii)(D) of this section will be met; and
(F) He or she has received such other assurances as he or she may require that the plan will be implemented.
(ii) In making his or her decision, the Director shall also consider the anticipated duration and geographic scope of the
applicant's planned activities, including the amount of listed species habitat that is involved and the degree to which listed
species and their habitats are affected.
(3) Permit conditions. In addition to the general conditions set forth in part 13 of this subchapter, every permit issued
under this paragraph shall contain such terms and conditions as the Director deems necessary or appropriate to carry out
the purposes of the permit and the conservation plan including, but not limited to, monitoring and reporting requirements
deemed necessary for determining whether such terms and conditions are being complied with. The Director shall rely
upon existing reporting requirements to the maximum extent practicable.
(4) Duration of permits. The duration of permits issued under this paragraph shall be sufficient to provide adequate
assurances to the permittee to commit funding necessary for the activities authorized by the permit, including conservation
activities and land use restrictions. In determining the duration of a permit, the Director shall consider the duration of the
planned activities, as well as the possible positive and negative effects associated with permits of the proposed duration on
listed species, including the extent to which the conservation plan will enhance the habitat of listed species and increase
the long-term survivability of such species.
(5) Assurances provided to permittee in case of changed or unforeseen circumstances. The assurances in this paragraph
(b)(5) apply only to incidental take permits issued in accordance with paragraph (b)(2) of this section where the
conservation plan is being properly implemented, and apply only with respect to species adequately covered by the
conservation plan. These assurances cannot be provided to Federal agencies. This rule does not apply to incidental take
permits issued prior to March 25, 1998. The assurances provided in incidental take permits issued prior to March 25, 1998
remain in effect, and those permits will not be revised as a result of this rulemaking.
(i) Changed circumstances provided for in the plan. If additional conservation and mitigation measures are deemed
necessary to respond to changed circumstances and were provided for in the plan's operating conservation program, the
permittee will implement the measures specified in the plan.
(ii) Changed circumstances not provided for in the plan. If additional conservation and mitigation measures are deemed
necessary to respond to changed circumstances and such measures were not provided for in the plan's operating
conservation program, the Director will not require any conservation and mitigation measures in addition to those provided
for in the plan without the consent of the permittee, provided the plan is being properly implemented.
(iii) Unforeseen circumstances. (A) In negotiating unforeseen circumstances, the Director will not require the commitment
of additional land, water, or financial compensation or additional restrictions on the use of land, water, or other natural
resources beyond the level otherwise agreed upon for the species covered by the conservation plan without the consent of
the permittee.
(B) If additional conservation and mitigation measures are deemed necessary to respond to unforeseen circumstances, the
Director may require additional measures of the permittee where the conservation plan is being properly implemented, but
only if such measures are limited to modifications within conserved habitat areas, if any, or to the conservation plan's
operating conservation program for the affected species, and maintain the original terms of the conservation plan to the
maximum extent possible. Additional conservation and mitigation measures will not involve the commitment of additional
land, water or financial compensation or additional restrictions on the use of land, water, or other natural resources
otherwise available for development or use under the original terms of the conservation plan without the consent of the
permittee.
(C) The Director will have the burden of demonstrating that such unforeseen circumstances exist, using the best scientific
and commercial data available. These findings must be clearly documented and based upon reliable technical information
regarding the status and habitat requirements of the affected species. The Director will consider, but not be limited to, the
following factors:
( 1 ) Size of the current range of the affected species;
( 2 ) Percentage of range adversely affected by the conservation plan;
( 3 ) Percentage of range conserved by the conservation plan;

( 4 ) Ecological significance of that portion of the range affected by the conservation plan;
( 5 ) Level of knowledge about the affected species and the degree of specificity of the species' conservation program
under the conservation plan; and
( 6 ) Whether failure to adopt additional conservation measures would appreciably reduce the likelihood of survival and
recovery of the affected species in the wild.
(6) Nothing in this rule will be construed to limit or constrain the Director, any Federal, State, local, or Tribal government
agency, or a private entity, from taking additional actions at its own expense to protect or conserve a species included in a
conservation plan.
(7) Discontinuance of permit activity. Notwithstanding the provisions of § 13.26 of this subchapter, a permittee under this
paragraph (b) remains responsible for any outstanding minimization and mitigation measures required under the terms of
the permit for take that occurs prior to surrender of the permit and such minimization and mitigation measures as may be
required pursuant to the termination provisions of an implementing agreement, habitat conservation plan, or permit even
after surrendering the permit to the Service pursuant to § 13.26 of this subchapter. The permit shall be deemed canceled
only upon a determination by the Service that such minimization and mitigation measures have been implemented. Upon
surrender of the permit, no further take shall be authorized under the terms of the surrendered permit.
(8) Criteria for revocation. A permit issued under paragraph (b) of this section may not be revoked for any reason except
those set forth in § 13.28(a)(1) through (4) of this subchapter or unless continuation of the permitted activity would be
inconsistent with the criterion set forth in 16 U.S.C. 1539(a)(2)(B)(iv) and the inconsistency has not been remedied.
(c)(1) Application requirements for permits for the enhancement of survival through Safe Harbor Agreements. The
applicant must submit an application for a permit under this paragraph (c) to the appropriate Regional Director, U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service, for the Region where the applicant resides or where the proposed action is to occur (for appropriate
addresses, see 50 CFR 10.22), if the applicant wishes to engage in any activity prohibited by § 17.31. The applicant must
submit an official Service application form (3-200.54) that includes the following information:
(i) The common and scientific names of the listed species for which the applicant requests incidental take authorization;
(ii) A description of how incidental take of the covered species pursuant to the Safe Harbor Agreement is likely to occur,
both as a result of management activities and as a result of the return to baseline;
(iii) A Safe Harbor Agreement that complies with the requirements of the Safe Harbor policy available from the Service;
and
(iv) The Director must publish notice in the Federal Register of each application for a permit that is made under this
paragraph (c). Each notice must invite the submission from interested parties within 30 days after the date of the notice of
written data, views, or arguments with respect to the application. The procedures included in § 17.22(e) for permit objection
apply to any notice published by the Director under this paragraph (c).
(2) Issuance criteria. Upon receiving an application completed in accordance with paragraph (c)(1) of this section, the
Director will decide whether or not to issue a permit. The Director shall consider the general issuance criteria in § 13.21(b)
of this subchapter, except for § 13.21(b)(4), and may issue the permit if he or she finds:
(i) The take will be incidental to an otherwise lawful activity and will be in accordance with the terms of the Safe Harbor
Agreement;
(ii) The implementation of the terms of the Safe Harbor Agreement is reasonably expected to provide a net conservation
benefit to the affected listed species by contributing to the recovery of listed species included in the permit, and the Safe
Harbor Agreement otherwise complies with the Safe Harbor policy available from the Service;
(iii) The probable direct and indirect effects of any authorized take will not appreciably reduce the likelihood of survival and
recovery in the wild of any listed species;
(iv) Implementation of the terms of the Safe Harbor Agreement is consistent with applicable Federal, State, and Tribal laws
and regulations;
(v) Implementation of the terms of the Safe Harbor Agreement will not be in conflict with any ongoing conservation or
recovery programs for listed species covered by the permit; and
(vi) The applicant has shown capability for and commitment to implementing all of the terms of the Safe Harbor
Agreement.
(3) Permit conditions. In addition to any applicable general permit conditions set forth in part 13 of this subchapter, every
permit issued under this paragraph (c) is subject to the following special conditions:
(i) A requirement for the participating property owner to notify the Service of any transfer of lands subject to a Safe Harbor
Agreement;

(ii) When appropriate, a requirement for the permittee to give the Service reasonable advance notice (generally at least 30
days) of when he or she expects to incidentally take any listed species covered under the permit. Such notification will
provide the Service with an opportunity to relocate affected individuals of the species, if possible and appropriate; and
(iii) Any additional requirements or conditions the Director deems necessary or appropriate to carry out the purposes of the
permit and the Safe Harbor Agreement.
(4) Permit effective date. Permits issued under this paragraph (c) become effective the day of issuance for species
covered by the Safe Harbor Agreement.
(5) Assurances provided to permittee. (i) The assurances in subparagraph (ii) of this paragraph (c)(5) apply only to Safe
Harbor permits issued in accordance with paragraph (c)(2) of this section where the Safe Harbor Agreement is being
properly implemented, and apply only with respect to species covered by the Agreement and permit. These assurances
cannot be provided to Federal agencies. The assurances provided in this section apply only to Safe Harbor permits issued
after July 19, 1999.
(ii) The Director and the permittee may agree to revise or modify the management measures set forth in a Safe Harbor
Agreement if the Director determines that such revisions or modifications do not change the Director's prior determination
that the Safe Harbor Agreement is reasonably expected to provide a net conservation benefit to the listed species.
However, the Director may not require additional or different management activities to be undertaken by a permittee
without the consent of the permittee.
(6) Additional actions. Nothing in this rule will be construed to limit or constrain the Director, any Federal, State, local or
Tribal government agency, or a private entity, from taking additional actions at its own expense to protect or conserve a
species included in a Safe Harbor Agreement.
(7) Criteria for revocation. The Director may not revoke a permit issued under paragraph (c) of this section except as
provided in this paragraph. The Director may revoke a permit for any reason set forth in § 13.28(a)(1) through (4) of this
subchapter. The Director may revoke a permit if continuation of the permitted activity would either appreciably reduce the
likelihood of survival and recovery in the wild of any listed species or directly or indirectly alter designated critical habitat
such that it appreciably diminishes the value of that critical habitat for both the survival and recovery of a listed species.
Before revoking a permit for either of the latter two reasons, the Director, with the consent of the permittee, will pursue all
appropriate options to avoid permit revocation. These options may include, but are not limited to: extending or modifying
the existing permit, capturing and relocating the species, compensating the landowner to forgo the activity, purchasing an
easement or fee simple interest in the property, or arranging for a third-party acquisition of an interest in the property.
(8) Duration of permits. The duration of permits issued under this paragraph (c) must be sufficient to provide a net
conservation benefit to species covered in the enhancement of survival permit. In determining the duration of a permit, the
Director will consider the duration of the planned activities, as well as the positive and negative effects associated with
permits of the proposed duration on covered species, including the extent to which the conservation activities included in
the Safe Harbor Agreement will enhance the survival and contribute to the recovery of listed species included in the permit.
(d)(1) Application requirements for permits for the enhancement of survival through Candidate Conservation Agreements
with Assurances (CCAAs). The applicant must submit an application for a permit under this paragraph (d) to the
appropriate Regional Director, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, for the Region where the applicant resides or where the
proposed activity is to occur (for appropriate addresses, see 50 CFR 10.22). When a species covered by a CCAA is listed
as threatened and the applicant wishes to engage in activities identified in the Agreement and otherwise prohibited by § 
17.31, the applicant must apply for an enhancement of survival permit for species covered by the Agreement. The permit
will become valid if and when covered proposed, candidate or other unlisted species is listed as a threatened species. The
applicant must submit an official Service application form (3-200.54) that includes the following information:
(i) The common and scientific names of the species for which the applicant requests incidental take authorization;
(ii) A description of the land use or water management activity for which the applicant requests incidental take
authorization; and
(iii) A CCAA that complies with the requirements of the Candidate Conservation Agreement with Assurances policy
available from the Service.
(iv) The Director must publish notice in the Federal Register of each application for a permit that is made under this
paragraph (d). Each notice must invite the submission from interested parties within 30 days after the date of the notice of
written data, views, or arguments with respect to the application. The procedures included in § 17.22(e) for permit objection
apply to any notice published by the Director under this paragraph (d).
(2) Issuance criteria. Upon receiving an application completed in accordance with paragraph (d)(1) of this section, the
Director will decide whether or not to issue a permit. The Director shall consider the general issuance criteria in § 13.21(b)
of this subchapter, except for § 13.21(b)(4), and may issue the permit if he or she finds:
(i) The take will be incidental to an otherwise lawful activity and will be in accordance with the terms of the CCAA;

(ii) The implementation of the terms of the CCAA is reasonably expected to provide a net conservation benefit to the
affected covered species by contributing to the conservation of the species included in the permit, and the CCAA otherwise
complies with the Candidate Conservation Agreement with Assurances policy available from the Service;
(iii) The probable direct and indirect effects of any authorized take will not appreciably reduce the likelihood of survival and
recovery in the wild of any species;
(iv) Implementation of the terms of the CCAA is consistent with applicable Federal, State, and Tribal laws and regulations;
(v) Implementation of the terms of the CCAA will not be in conflict with any ongoing conservation programs for species
covered by the permit; and
(vi) The applicant has shown capability for and commitment to implementing all of the terms of the Candidate Conservation
Agreement.
(3) Permit conditions. In addition to any applicable general permit conditions set forth in part 13 of this subchapter, every
permit issued under this paragraph (d) is subject to the following special conditions:
(i) A requirement for the property owner to notify the Service of any transfer of lands subject to a CCAA;
(ii) When appropriate, a requirement for the permittee to give the Service reasonable advance notice (generally at least 30
days) of when he or she expects to incidentally take any listed species covered under the permit. Such notification will
provide the Service with an opportunity to relocate affected individuals of the species, if possible and appropriate; and
(iii) Any additional requirements or conditions the Director deems necessary or appropriate to carry out the purposes of the
permit and the CCAA.
(4) Permit effective date. Permits issued under this paragraph (d) become effective for a species covered by a CCAA on
the effective date of a final rule that lists a covered species as threatened.
(5) Assurances provided to permittee in case of changed or unforeseen circumstances. The assurances in this paragraph
(d)(5) apply only to permits issued in accordance with paragraph (d)(2) where the CCAA is being properly implemented,
and apply only with respect to species adequately covered by the CCAA. These assurances cannot be provided to Federal
agencies.
(i) Changed circumstances provided for in the Agreement. If the Director determines that additional conservation
measures are necessary to respond to changed circumstances and these measures were set forth in the Agreement, the
permittee will implement the measures specified in the Agreement.
(ii) Changed circumstances not provided for in the Agreement. If the Director determines that additional conservation
measures not provided for in the Agreement are necessary to respond to changed circumstances, the Director will not
require any conservation measures in addition to those provided for in the Agreement without the consent of the permittee,
provided the Agreement is being properly implemented.
(iii) Unforeseen circumstances. (A) In negotiating unforeseen circumstances, the Director will not require the commitment
of additional land, water, or financial compensation or additional restrictions on the use of land, water, or other natural
resources beyond the level otherwise agreed upon for the species covered by the Agreement without the consent of the
permittee.
(B) If the Director determines additional conservation measures are necessary to respond to unforeseen circumstances,
the Director may require additional measures of the permittee where the Agreement is being properly implemented, but
only if such measures maintain the original terms of the Agreement to the maximum extent possible. Additional
conservation measures will not involve the commitment of additional land, water, or financial compensation or additional
restrictions on the use of land, water, or other natural resources otherwise available for development or use under the
original terms of the Agreement without the consent of the permittee.
(C) The Director will have the burden of demonstrating that unforeseen circumstances exist, using the best scientific and
commercial data available. These findings must be clearly documented and based upon reliable technical information
regarding the status and habitat requirements of the affected species. The Director will consider, but not be limited to, the
following factors:
( 1 ) Size of the current range of the affected species;
( 2 ) Percentage of range adversely affected by the Agreement;
( 3 ) Percentage of range conserved by the Agreement;
( 4 ) Ecological significance of that portion of the range affected by the Agreement;
( 5 ) Level of knowledge about the affected species and the degree of specificity of the species' conservation program
under the Agreement; and

( 6 ) Whether failure to adopt additional conservation measures would appreciably reduce the likelihood of survival and
recovery of the affected species in the wild.
(6) Additional actions. Nothing in this rule will be construed to limit or constrain the Director, any Federal, State, local or
Tribal government agency, or a private entity, from taking additional actions at its own expense to protect or conserve a
species included in a CCAA.
(7) Criteria for revocation. The Director may not revoke a permit issued under paragraph (d) of this section except as
provided in this paragraph. The Director may revoke a permit for any reason set forth in § 13.28(a)(1) through (4) of this
subchapter. The Director may revoke a permit if continuation of the permitted activity would either appreciably reduce the
likelihood of survival and recovery in the wild of any listed species or directly or indirectly alter designated critical habitat
such that it appreciably diminishes the value of that critical habitat for both the survival and recovery of a listed species.
Before revoking a permit for either of the latter two reasons, the Director, with the consent of the permittee, will pursue all
appropriate options to avoid permit revocation. These options may include, but are not limited to: extending or modifying
the existing permit, capturing and relocating the species, compensating the landowner to forgo the activity, purchasing an
easement or fee simple interest in the property, or arranging for a third-party acquisition of an interest in the property.
(8) Duration. The duration of a CCAA covered by a permit issued under this paragraph (d) must be sufficient to achieve a
net conservation benefit to the species covered by the permit and the Agreement and otherwise comply with the Candidate
Conservation Agreement with Assurances policy available from the Service.
[50 FR 39689, Sept. 30, 1985, as amended at 63 FR 8871, Feb. 23, 1998; 63 FR 52635, Oct. 1, 1998; 64 FR 32714, June
17, 1999; 64 FR 52676, Sept. 30, 1999; 69 FR 24093, May 3, 2004; 69 FR 29670, May 25, 2004; 69 FR 71731, Dec. 10,
2004; 81 FR 95055, Dec. 27, 2016]
§ 17.40

Special rules—mammals.

(a) Mazama pocket gophers (Olympia, Roy Prairie, Tenino, and Yelm) ( Thomomys mazama pugetensis, glacialis,
tumuli, and yelmensis )—(1) Which populations of the Mazama pocket gopher are covered by this special rule? This
special rule covers the four Thurston/Pierce subspecies of the Mazama pocket gopher (Olympia, Roy Prairie, Tenino, and
Yelm) ( Thomomys mazama pugetensis, glacialis, tumuli, and yelmensis ) wherever they occur.
(2) What activities are prohibited? Except as noted in paragraphs (a)(3) through (7) of this section, all prohibitions of § 
17.31 apply to the Olympia, Roy Prairie, Tenino, and Yelm pocket gophers.
(3) What activities are allowed on civilian airports? Incidental take of the Olympia, Roy Prairie, Tenino, and Yelm pocket
gophers will not be a violation of section 9 of the Act, if the incidental take results from non-Federal routine maintenance
activities in or adjacent to Mazama pocket gopher habitat and associated with airport operations on civilian airports.
Routine maintenance activities include the following:
(i) Routine management, repair, and maintenance of runways, roads, and taxiways (does not include upgrades, or
construction of new runways, roads, or taxiways, or new development at airports);
(ii) Hazing of hazardous wildlife;
(iii) Management of forage, water, and shelter to reduce the attractiveness of the area around airports for hazardous
wildlife; and
(iv) Control or other management of noxious weeds and invasive plants through mowing, discing, herbicide and fungicide
application, fumigation, or burning. Use of herbicides, fungicides, fumigation, and burning must occur in such a way that
nontarget plants are avoided to the maximum extent practicable.
(4) What agricultural activities are allowed on non-Federal lands? Incidental take of the Olympia, Roy Prairie, Tenino, and
Yelm pocket gophers will not be a violation of section 9 of the Act, if the incidental take results from agricultural or
horticultural (farming) practices implemented on such lands consistent with State laws on non-Federal lands. For the
purposes of this special rule, farm means any facility, including land, buildings, watercourses, and appurtenances, used in
the commercial production of crops, nursery or orchard stock, the propagation and raising of nursery or orchard stock,
livestock or poultry, or livestock or poultry products.
(i) For the purposes of this special rule, an agricultural (farming) practice means a mode of operation on a farm that:
(A) Is or may be used on a farm of a similar nature;
(B) Is a generally accepted, reasonable, and prudent method for the operation of the farm to obtain a profit in money;
(C) Is or may become a generally accepted, reasonable, and prudent method in conjunction with farm use;
(D) Complies with applicable State laws;
(E) Is done in a reasonable and prudent manner.

(ii) Accepted agricultural or horticultural (farming) practices include:
(A) Grazing;
(B) Routine installation, management, and maintenance of stock water facilities such as stock ponds, berms, troughs, and
tanks, pipelines and watering systems to maintain water supplies;
(C) Routine maintenance or construction of fencing;
(D) Planting, harvest, fertilization, harrowing, tilling, or rotation of crops (Disturbance to the soils shall not exceed a 12-inch
(30.5-cm) depth. All activities that do not disturb the soil surface are also allowed, such as haying, baling, some orchard
and berry plant management activities, etc.);
(E) Maintenance of livestock management facilities such as corrals, sheds, and other ranch outbuildings;
(F) Repair and maintenance of unimproved agricultural roads (This exemption does not include improvement, upgrade, or
construction of new roads.);
(G) Placement of mineral supplements, plant nutrients, or soil amendments;
(H) Harvest, control, or other management of noxious weeds and invasive plants through mowing, discing, herbicide and
fungicide application, fumigation, or burning (Use of herbicides, fungicides, fumigation, and burning must occur in such a
way that nontarget plants are avoided to the maximum extent practicable.); and
(I) Deep tillage (usually at depths of 18-36 inches (45.7-91.4 cm), for compaction reduction purposes) occurring between
September 1 and February 28, no more often than once in 10 years.
(5) What noncommercial activities are allowed on single-family residential private land? Incidental take of the Olympia,
Roy Prairie, Tenino, and Yelm pocket gophers will not be a violation of section 9 of the Act, if the incidental take results
from noncommercial activities that occur in or adjacent to Mazama pocket gopher habitat on existing single-family
residential properties. These activities include the following:
(i) Harvest, control, or other management of noxious weeds and invasive plants through mowing, herbicide and fungicide
application, fumigation, or burning. Use of herbicides, fungicides, fumigation, and burning must occur in such a way that
nontarget plants are avoided to the maximum extent practicable;
(ii) Construction and placement of fencing, garden plots, or play equipment; and
(iii) Construction and placement of dog kennels, carports, or storage sheds less than 120 ft2 (11.15 m2) in size.
(6) What noxious weed and invasive plant control activities are allowed on non-Federal lands? Incidental take of the
Olympia, Roy Prairie, Tenino, and Yelm pocket gophers will not be a violation of section 9 of the Act, if the incidental take
results from routine removal or other management of noxious weeds and invasive plants. Routine removal or other
management of noxious weeds and invasive plants are limited to the following, and must be conducted in a way that
impacts to nontarget plants are avoided to the maximum extent practicable:
(i) Mowing;
(ii) Discing;
(iii) Herbicide and fungicide application;
(iv) Fumigation; and
(v) Burning.
(7) What roadside right-of-way maintenance activities are allowed on Federal and non-Federal lands? Incidental take of
the Olympia, Roy Prairie, Tenino, and Yelm pocket gophers will not be a violation of section 9 of the Act, if the incidental
take results from routine maintenance of roadside rights-of-way on Federal and non-Federal lands. Routine maintenance
activities of roadside rights-of-way of highways and roads are limited to the following, and must be conducted in a way that
impacts to nontarget plants are avoided to the maximum extent practicable:
(i) Mowing;
(ii) Mechanical removal of noxious weeds or invasive plants;
(iii) Selective application of herbicides for removal of noxious weeds or invasive plants; and
(iv) Repair or maintenance of fences.
(b) Grizzly bear ( Ursus arctos horribilis )—(1) Prohibitions. The following prohibitions apply to the grizzly bear:

(i) Taking. (A) Except as provided in paragraphs (b)(1)(i)(B) through (F) of this section, no person shall take any grizzly
bear in the 48 conterminous states of the United States.
(B) Grizzly bears may be taken in self-defense or in defense of others, but such taking shall be reported by the individual
who has taken the bear or his designee within 5 days of occurrence to the Resident Agent in Charge, Office of Law
Enforcement, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 2900 4th Avenue North, Suite 301, Billings, MT 59101 (406-247-7355), if
occurring in Montana or Wyoming, or the Special Agent in Charge, Office of Law Enforcement, U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, P.O. Box 9, Sherwood, OR 97140 (503-521-5300), if occurring in Idaho or Washington, and to appropriate State
and Tribal authorities. Grizzly bears taken in self-defense or in defense of others, including the parts of such bears, shall
not be possessed, delivered, carried, transported, shipped, exported, received, or sold, except by Federal, State, or Tribal
authorities.
(C) Removal of nuisance bears. A grizzly bear consituting a demonstrable but non immediate threat to human safety or
committing significant depredations to lawfully present livestock, crops, or beehives may be taken, but only if:
( 1 ) It has not been reasonably possible to eliminate such threat or depredation by live-capturing and releasing unharmed
in a remote area the grizzly bear involved; and
( 2 ) The taking is done in a humane manner by authorized Federal, State, or Tribal authorities, and in accordance with
current interagency guidelines covering the taking of such nuisance bears; and
( 3 ) The taking is reported within 5 days of occurrence to the appropriate U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service law enforcement
office, as indicated in paragraph (b)(1)(i)(B) of this section, and to appropriate State and Tribal authorities.
(D) Federal, State, or Tribal scientific or research activities. Federal, State, or Tribal authorities may take grizzly bears for
scientific or research purposes, but only if such taking does not result in death or permanent injury to the bears involved.
Such taking must be reported within 5 days of occurrence to the appropriate U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service law
enforcement office, as indicated in paragraph (b)(1)(i)(B) of this section, and to appropriate State and Tribal authorities.
(E) [Reserved]
(F) National Parks. The regulations of the National Park Service shall govern all taking of grizzly bears in National Parks.
(ii) Unlawfully taken grizzly bears. (A) Except as provided in paragraphs (b)(1)(ii)(B) and (iv) of this section, no person
shall possess, deliver, carry, transport, ship, export, receive, or sell any unlawfully taken grizzly bear. Any unlawful taking of
a grizzly bear shall be reported within 5 days of occurrence to the appropriate U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service law
enforcement office, as indicated in paragraph (b)(1)(i)(B) of this section, and to appropriate State and Tribal authorities.
(B) Authorized Federal, State, or Tribal employees, when acting in the course of their official duties, may, for scientific or
research purposes, possess, deliver, carry, transport, ship, export, or receive unlawfully taken grizzly bears.
(iii) Import or export. Except as provided in paragraphs (b)(1)(iii) (A) and (B) and (iv) of this section, no person shall import
any grizzly bear into the United States.
(A) Federal, State, or Tribal scientific or research activities. Federal, State, or Tribal authorities may import grizzly bears
into the United States for scientific or research purposes.
(B) Public zoological institution. Public zoological institutions (see 50 CFR 10.12) may import grizzly bears into the United
States.
(iv) Commercial transactions. (A) Except as provided in paragraph (b)(1)(iv)(B) of this section, no person shall, in the
course of commercial activity, deliver, receive, carry, transport, or ship in interstate or foreign commerce any grizzly bear.
(B) A public zoological institution (see 50 CFR 10.12) dealing with other public zoological institutions may sell grizzly bears
or offer them for sale in interstate or foreign commerce, and may, in the course of commercial activity, deliver, receive,
carry, transport, or ship grizzly bears in interstate or foreign commerce.
(v) Other violations. No person shall attempt to commit, cause to be committed, or solicit another to commit any act
prohibited by paragraph (b)(1) of this section.
(2) Definitions. As used in paragraph (b) of this section:
Grizzly bear means any member of the species Ursus arctos horribilis of the 48 conterminous States of the United States,
including any part, offspring, dead body, part of a dead body, or product of such species.
Grizzly bear accompanied by young means any grizzly bear having offspring, including one or more cubs, yearlings, or 2year-olds, in its immediate vicinity.
Identified means permanently marked or documented so as to be identifiable by law enforcement officials at a subsequent
date.

State, Federal or Tribal authority means an employee of State, Federal, or Indian Tribal government who, as part of
his/her official duties, normally handles grizzly bears.
Young grizzly bear means a cub, yearling, or 2-year-old grizzly bear.
[Please see PDF for image: EC01JN91.000]
(c) Primates. (1) Except as noted in paragraph (c)(2) of this section, all provisions of § 17.31 apply to the lesser slow
loris (Nycticebus pygmaeus); Philippine tarsier (Tarsius syrichta); white-footed tamarin (Saguinus leucopus ); black
howler monkey (Alouatta pigra); stump-tailed macaque (Macaca arctoides); gelada baboon (Theropithecus
gelada); Formosan rock macaque (Macaca cyclopis); Japanese macaque ( Macaca fuscata); Toque macaque ( Macaca
sinica); long-tailed langur (Presbytis potenziani); and purple-faced langur (Presbytis senex) .
(2) The prohibitions referred to above do not apply to any live member of such species held in captivity in the United States
on the effective date of the final rulemaking, or to the progeny of such animals, or to the progeny of animals legally
imported into the United States after the effective date of the final rulemaking, Provided, That the person wishing to
engage in any activity which would otherwise be prohibited must be able to show satisfactory documentary or other
evidence as to the captive status of the particular member of the species on the effective date of this rulemaking or that the
particular member of the species was born in captivity in the United States after the effective date of this rulemaking.
Identification of the particular member to a record in the International Species Inventory System (ISIS), or to a Federal,
State or local government permit, shall be deemed to be satisfactory evidence. Records in the form of studbooks or
inventories, kept in the normal course of business, shall be acceptable as evidence, provided that a notarized statement is
inserted in such record to the effect that:
(i) The records were kept in the normal course of business prior to November 18, 1976, and accurately identify (by use of
markers, tags, or other acceptable marking devices) individual animals; or
(ii) That the individual animal identified by the records was born in captivity on ____(Date).
The notarized statement in paragraph (c)(2)(i) of this section, shall be acceptable only if the notarization is dated on or
before January 3, 1977. The notarized statement in paragraph (c)(2)(ii), of this section, shall be acceptable only if the
notarization is dated within 15 days of the date of birth of the animal.
(d) Gray wolf ( Canis lupus ) in Minnesota.
(1) Zones. For purposes of these regulations, the State of Minnesota is divided into the following five zones:
(i) Zone 1—4,488 square miles. Beginning at the point of intersection of United States and Canadian boundaries in Section
22, Township 71 North, Range 22 West, in Rainy Lake, then proceeding along the west side of Sections 22, 27, and 34 in
said Township and Sections 3, 10, 15, 22, 27 and 34 in Township 70 North, Range 22 West and Sections 3 and 10 in
Township 69 North, Range 22 West; then east along the south boundaries of Sections 10, 11, and 12 in said Township;
then south along the Koochiching and St. Louis counties line to Highway 53; thence southeasterly along State Highway 53
to the junction with County Route 765; thence easterly along County Route 765 to the junction with Kabetogama Lake in
Ash River Bay; thence along the south boundary of Section 33 in Township 69 North, Range 19 West, to the junction with
the Moose River; thence southeasterly along the Moose River to Moose Lake; thence along the western shore of Moose
Lake to the river between Moose Lake and Long Lake; thence along the said river to Long Lake; thence along the east
shore of Long Lake to the drainage on the southeast side of Long Lake in NE\1/4\, Section 18, Township 67 North, Range
18 West; thence along the said drainage southeasterly and subsequently northeasterly to Marion Lake, the drainage being
in Sections 17 and 18, Township 67 North, Range 18 West; thence along the west shoreline of Marion Lake proceeding
southeasterly to the Moose Creek; thence along Moose Creek to Flap Creek; thence southeasterly along Flap Creek to the
Vermilion River; thence southerly along the Vermilion River to Vermilion Lake; thence along the Superior National Forest
boundary in a southeasterly direction through Vermilion Lake passing these points: Oak Narrows, Muskrat Channel, South
of Pine Island, to Hoodo Point and the junction with County Route 697; thence southeasterly on County Route 697 to the
junction with State Highway 169; thence easterly along State Highway 169 to the junction with State Highway 1; thence
easterly along State Highway 1 to the junction with the Erie Railroad tracks at Murphy City; thence easterly along the Erie
Railroad tracks to the junction with Lake Superior at Taconite Harbor; thence northeasterly along the North Shore of Lake
Superior to the Canadian Border; thence westerly along the Canadian Border to the point of beginning in Rainy Lake.
(ii) Zone 2—1,856 square miles. Beginning at the intersection of the Erie Mining Co. Railroad and State Highway 1
(Murphy City); thence southeasterly on State Highway 1 to the junction with County Road 4; thence southwesterly on
County Road 4 to the State Snowmobile Trail (formerly the Alger-Smith Railroad); thence southwesterly to the intersection
of the Old Railroad Grade and Reserve Mining Co. Railroad in Section 33 of Township 56 North, Range 9 West; thence
northwesterly along the Railroad to Forest Road 107; thence westerly along Forest Road 107 to Forest Road 203; thence
westerly along Forest Road 203 to the junction with County Route 2; thence in a northerly direction on County Route 2 to
the junction with Forest Road 122; thence in a westerly direction along Forest Road 122 to the junction with the Duluth,
Missable and Iron Range Railroad; thence in a southwesterly direction along the said railroad tracks to the junction with
County Route 14; thence in a northwesterly direction along County Route 14 to the junction with County Route 55; thence
in a westerly direction along County Route 55 to the junction with County Route 44; thence in a southerly direction along
County Route 44 to the junction with County Route 266; thence in a southeasterly direction along County Route 266 and

subsequently in a westerly direction to the junction with County Road 44; thence in a northerly direction on County Road
44 to the junction with Township Road 2815; thence westerly along Township Road 2815 to Alden Lake; thence
northwesterly across Alden Lake to the inlet of the Cloquet River; thence northerly along the Cloquet River to the junction
with Carrol Trail-State Forestry Road; thence west along the Carrol Trail to the junction with County Route 4 and County
Route 49; thence west along County Route 49 to the junction with the Duluth, Winnipeg and Pacific Railroad; thence in a
northerly direction along said Railroad to the junction with the Whiteface River; thence in a northeasterly direction along the
Whiteface River to the Whiteface Reservoir; thence along the western shore of the Whiteface Reservoir to the junction with
County Route 340; thence north along County Route 340 to the junction with County Route 16; thence east along County
Route 16 to the junction with County Route 346; thence in a northerly direction along County Route 346 to the junction with
County Route 569; thence along County Route 569 to the junction with County Route 565; thence in a westerly direction
along County Route 565 to the junction with County Route 110; thence in a westerly direction along County Route 110 to
the junction with County Route 100; thence in a north and subsequent west direction along County Route 100 to the
junction with State Highway 135; thence in a northerly direction along State Highway 135 to the junction with State
Highway 169 at Tower; thence in an easterly direction along the southern boundary of Zone 1 to the point of beginning of
Zone 2 at the junction of the Erie Railroad Tracks and State Highway 1.
(iii) Zone 3—3,501 square miles. Beginning at the junction of State Highway 11 and State Highway 65; thence
southeasterly along State Highway 65 to the junction with State Highway 1; thence westerly along State Highway 1 to the
junction with State Highway 72; thence north along State Highway 72 to the junction with an un-numbered township road
beginning in the northeast corner of Section 25, Township 155 North, Range 31 West; thence westerly along the said road
for approximately seven (7) miles to the junction with SFR 95: Thence westerly along SFR 95 and continuing west through
the southern boundary of Sections 36 through 31, Township 155 North, Range 33 West, through Sections 36 through 31,
Township 155 North, Range 34 West, through Sections 36 through 31, Township 155 North, Range 35 West, through
Sections 36 and 35, Township 155 North, Range 36 West to the junction with State Highway 89, thence northwesterly
along State Highway 89 to the junction with County Route 44; thence northerly along County Route 44 to the junction with
County Route 704; thence northerly along County 704 to the junction with SFR 49; thence northerly along SFR 49 to the
junction with SFR 57; thence easterly along SFR 57 to the junction with SFR 63: Thence south along SFR 63 to the
junction with SFR 70; thence easterly along SFR 70 to the junction with County Route 87; thence easterly along County
Route 87 to the junction with County Route 1; thence south along County Route 1 to the junction with County Route 16;
thence easterly along County Route 16 to the junction with State Highway 72; thence south on State Highway 72 to the
junction with a gravel road (un-numbered County District Road) on the north side of Section 31, Township 158 North,
Range 30 West; thence east on said District Road to the junction with SFR 62; thence easterly on SFR 62 to the junction
with SFR 175; thence south on SFR 175 to the junction with County Route 101; thence easterly on County Route 101 to
the junction with County Route 11; thence easterly on County Route 11 to the junction with State Highway 11; thence
easterly on State Highway 11 to the junction with State Highway 65, the point of beginning.
(iv) Zone 4—20,883 square miles. Excluding Zones 1, 2 and 3, all that part of Minnesota north and east of a line beginning
on State Trunk Highway 48 at the eastern boundary of the state; thence westerly along Highway 48 to Interstate Highway
35; thence northerly on I-35 to State Highway 23, thence west one-half mile on Highway 23 to State Trunk Highway 18;
thence westerly along Highway 18 to State Trunk Highway 65, thence northerly on Highway 65 to State Trunk Highway
210; thence westerly along Highway 210 to State Trunk Highway 6; thence northerly on State Trunk Highway 6 to Emily;
thence westerly along County State Aid Highway (CSAH) 1, Crow Wing County, to CSAH 2, Cass County; thence westerly
along CSAH 2 to Pine River; thence northwesterly along State Trunk Highway 371 to Backus; thence westerly along State
Trunk Highway 87 to U.S. Highway 71; thence northerly along U.S. 71 to State Trunk Highway 200; thence northwesterly
along Highway 200, to County State Aid Highway (CSAH) 2, Clearwater County; thence northerly along CSAH 2 to
Shevlin; thence along U.S. Highway 2 to Bagley; thence northerly along State Trunk Highway 92 to Gully; thence northerly
along CSAH 2, Polk County, to CSAH 27, Pennington County; thence along CSAH 27 to State Trunk Highway 1; thence
easterly on Highway 1 to CSAH 28, Pennington County; thence northerly along CSAH 28 to CSAH 54, Marshall County,
thence northerly along CSAH 54 to Grygla; thence west and northerly along Highway 89 to Roseau; thence northerly along
State Truck Highway 310 to the Canadian border.
(v) Zone 5—54,603 square miles. All that part of Minnesota south and west of the line described as the south and west
border of Zone 4.
(vi) Map of regulatory zones follows:
[Please see PDF for image: ER20FE15.004]
(2) Prohibitions. The following prohibitions apply to the gray wolf in Minnesota.
(i) Taking. Except as provided in this paragraph (d)(2)(i) of this section, no person may take a gray wolf in Minnesota.
(A) Any person may take a gray wolf in Minnesota in defense of his own life or the lives of others.
(B) Any employee or agent of the Service, any other Federal land management agency, or the Minnesota Department of
Natural Resources, who is designated by his/her agency for such purposes, may, when acting in the course of his or her
official duties, take a gray wolf in Minnesota without a permit if such action is necessary to:

( 1 ) Aid a sick, injured or orphaned specimen; or
( 2 ) Dispose of a dead specimen; or
( 3 ) Salvage a dead specimen which may be useful for scientific study.
(C) Designated employees or agents of the Service or the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources may take a gray
wolf without a permit in Minnesota, in zones 2, 3, 4, and 5, as delineated in paragraph (d)(l) of this section, in response to
depredations by a gray wolf on lawfully present domestic animals: Provided, that such taking must occur within one-half
mile of the place where such depredation occurred and must be performed in a humane manner: And provided further, that
any young of the year taken on or before August 1 of that year must be released.
(D) Any taking pursuant to paragraph (d)(2)(i)(A), (d)(2)(i)(B), or (d)(2)(i)(C) of this section must be reported in writing to the
Twin Cities Ecological Service Field Office, 4101 American Boulevard East, Bloomington, Minnesota, 55425, or by
facsimile (612) 725-3609 within 5 days. The specimen may only be retained, disposed of, or salvaged in accordance with
directions from the Service.
(E) Any employee or agent of the Service or the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, when operating under a
Cooperative Agreement with the Service signed in accordance with section 6(c) of the Endangered Species Act of 1973,
who is designated by the Service or the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources for such purposes, may, when acting
in the course of his or her official duties, take a gray wolf in Minnesota to carry out scientific research or conservation
programs.
(ii) Export and commercial transactions. Except as may be authorized by a permit issued under § 17.32, no person may
sell or offer for sale in interstate commerce, import or export, or in the course of a commercial activity transport, ship, carry,
deliver, or receive any Minnesota gray wolf.
(iii) Unlawfully taken wolves. No person may possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, or ship, by any means whatsoever, a
gray wolf taken unlawfully in Minnesota, except that an employee or agent of the Service, or any other Federal land
management agency, or the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, who is designated by his/her agency for such
purposes, may, when acting in the course of his official duties, possess, deliver, carry, transport, or ship a gray wolf taken
unlawfully in Minnesota.
(3) Permits. All permits available under § 17.32 (General Permits—Threatened Wildlife) are available with regard to the
gray wolf in Minnesota. All the terms and provisions of § 17.32 apply to such permits issued under the authority of this
paragraph (d)(3).
(e) African elephant ( Loxodonta africana ). This paragraph (e) applies to any specimen of the species Loxodonta
africana whether live or dead, including any part or product thereof. The African Elephant Conservation Act (16 U.S.C.
4201 et. seq. ), and any moratorium under that act, also applies. Except as provided in paragraphs (e)(2) through (9) of
this section, all of the prohibitions and exceptions in §§ 17.31 and 17.32 apply to the African elephant. Persons seeking to
benefit from the exceptions provided in this paragraph (e) must demonstrate that they meet the criteria to qualify for the
exceptions.
(1) Definitions. In this paragraph (e), antique means any item that meets all four criteria under section 10(h) of the
Endangered Species Act (16 U.S.C. 1539(h)). Ivory means any African elephant tusk and any piece of an African
elephant tusk. Raw ivory means any African elephant tusk, and any piece thereof, the surface of which, polished or
unpolished, is unaltered or minimally carved. Worked ivory means any African elephant tusk, and any piece thereof, that
is not raw ivory.
(2) Live animals and parts and products other than ivory and sport-hunted trophies. Live African elephants and African
elephant parts and products other than ivory and sport-hunted trophies may be imported into or exported from the United
States; sold or offered for sale in interstate or foreign commerce; and delivered, received, carried, transported, or shipped
in interstate or foreign commerce in the course of a commercial activity without a threatened species permit issued under
§ 17.32, provided the requirements in 50 CFR parts 13, 14, and 23 have been met.
(3) Interstate and foreign commerce of ivory. Except for antiques and certain manufactured or handcrafted items
containing de minimis quantities of ivory, sale or offer for sale of ivory in interstate or foreign commerce and delivery,
receipt, carrying, transport, or shipment of ivory in interstate or foreign commerce in the course of a commercial activity is
prohibited. Except as provided in paragraphs (e)(5)(iii) and (e)(6) through (8) of this section, manufactured or handcrafted
items containing de minimis quantities of ivory may be sold or offered for sale in interstate or foreign commerce and
delivered, received, carried, transported, or shipped in interstate or foreign commerce in the course of a commercial
activity without a threatened species permit issued under § 17.32, provided they meet all of the following criteria:
(i) If the item is located within the United States, the ivory was imported into the United States prior to January 18, 1990, or
was imported into the United States under a Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and
Flora (CITES) pre-Convention certificate with no limitation on its commercial use;
(ii) If the item is located outside the United States, the ivory was removed from the wild prior to February 26, 1976;

(iii) The ivory is a fixed or integral component or components of a larger manufactured or handcrafted item and is not in its
current form the primary source of the value of the item, that is, the ivory does not account for more than 50 percent of the
value of the item;
(iv) The ivory is not raw;
(v) The manufactured or handcrafted item is not made wholly or primarily of ivory, that is, the ivory component or
components do not account for more than 50 percent of the item by volume;
(vi) The total weight of the ivory component or components is less than 200 grams; and
(vii) The item was manufactured or handcrafted before July 6, 2016.
(4) Import/export of raw ivory. Except as provided in paragraphs (e)(6) through (9) of this section, raw ivory may not be
imported into or exported from the United States.
(5) Import/export of worked ivory. Except as provided in paragraphs (e)(6) through (9) of this section, worked ivory may
not be imported into or exported from the United States unless it is contained in a musical instrument, or is part of a
traveling exhibition, household move, or inheritance, and meets the following criteria:
(i) Musical instrument. Musical instruments that contain worked ivory may be imported into and exported from the United
States without a threatened species permit issued under § 17.32 of this part provided:
(A) The ivory was legally acquired prior to February 26, 1976;
(B) The instrument containing worked ivory is accompanied by a valid CITES musical instrument certificate or equivalent
CITES document;
(C) The instrument is securely marked or uniquely identified so that authorities can verify that the certificate corresponds to
the musical instrument in question; and
(D) The instrument is not sold, traded, or otherwise disposed of while outside the certificate holder's country of usual
residence.
(ii) Traveling exhibition. Worked ivory that is part of a traveling exhibition may be imported into and exported from the
United States without a threatened species permit issued under § 17.32 provided:
(A) The ivory was legally acquired prior to February 26, 1976;
(B) The item containing worked ivory is accompanied by a valid CITES traveling exhibition certificate (see the requirements
for traveling exhibition certificates at 50 CFR 23.49) or equivalent CITES document;
(C) The item containing ivory is securely marked or uniquely identified so that authorities can verify that the certificate
corresponds to the item in question; and
(D) The item containing worked ivory is not sold, traded, or otherwise disposed of while outside the certificate holder's
country of usual residence.
(iii) Household move or inheritance. Worked ivory may be imported into or exported from the United States without a
threatened species permit issued under § 17.32 for personal use as part of a household move or as part of an inheritance
if the ivory was legally acquired prior to February 26, 1976, and the item is accompanied by a valid CITES pre-Convention
certificate. It is unlawful to sell or offer for sale in interstate or foreign commerce or to deliver, receive, carry, transport, or
ship in interstate or foreign commerce and in the course of a commercial activity any African elephant ivory imported into
the United States as part of a household move or inheritance. The exception in paragraph (e)(3) of this section regarding
manufactured or handcrafted items containing de minimis quantities of ivory does not apply to items imported or exported
under this paragraph (e)(5)(iii) as part of a household move or inheritance.
(6) Sport-hunted trophies. (i) African elephant sport-hunted trophies may be imported into the United States provided:
(A) The trophy was legally taken in an African elephant range country that declared an ivory export quota to the CITES
Secretariat for the year in which the trophy animal was killed;
(B) A determination is made that the killing of the trophy animal will enhance the survival of the species and the trophy is
accompanied by a threatened species permit issued under § 17.32;
(C) The trophy is legibly marked in accordance with 50 CFR part 23;
(D) The requirements in 50 CFR parts 13, 14, and 23 have been met; and
(E) No more than two African elephant sport-hunted trophies are imported by any hunter in a calendar year.
(ii) It is unlawful to sell or offer for sale in interstate or foreign commerce or to deliver, receive, carry, transport, or ship in
interstate or foreign commerce and in the course of a commercial activity any sport-hunted African elephant trophy. The

exception in paragraph (e)(3) of this section regarding manufactured or handcrafted items containing de
minimis quantities of ivory does not apply to ivory imported or exported under this paragraph (e)(6) as part of a sporthunted trophy.
(iii) Except as provided in paragraph (e)(9) of this section, raw ivory that was imported as part of a sport-hunted trophy may
not be exported from the United States. Except as provided in paragraphs (e)(5), (e)(7), (e)(8), and (e)(9) of this section,
worked ivory imported as a sport-hunted trophy may not be exported from the United States. Parts of a sport-hunted trophy
other than ivory may be exported from the United States without a threatened species permit issued under § 17.32,
provided the requirements of 50 CFR parts 13, 14, and 23 have been met.
(7) Import/export of ivory for law enforcement purposes. Raw or worked ivory may be imported into and worked ivory may
be exported from the United States by an employee or agent of a Federal, State, or tribal government agency for law
enforcement purposes, without a threatened species permit issued under § 17.32, provided the requirements of 50 CFR
parts 13, 14, and 23 have been met. It is unlawful to sell or offer for sale in interstate or foreign commerce and to deliver,
receive, carry, transport, or ship in interstate or foreign commerce and in the course of a commercial activity any African
elephant ivory that was imported into or exported from the United States for law enforcement purposes. The exception in
paragraph (e)(3) of this section regarding manufactured or handcrafted items containing de minimis quantities of ivory
does not apply to ivory imported or exported under this paragraph (e)(7) for law enforcement purposes.
(8) Import/export of ivory for genuine scientific purposes. (i) Raw or worked ivory may be imported into and worked ivory
may be exported from the United States for genuine scientific purposes that will contribute to the conservation of the
African elephant, provided:
(A) It is accompanied by a threatened species permit issued under § 17.32; and
(B) The requirements of 50 CFR parts 13, 14, and 23 have been met.
(ii) It is unlawful to sell or offer for sale in interstate or foreign commerce and to deliver, receive, carry, transport, or ship in
interstate or foreign commerce and in the course of a commercial activity any African elephant ivory that was imported into
or exported from the United States for genuine scientific purposes. The exception in paragraph (e)(3) of this section
regarding manufactured or handcrafted items containing de minimis quantities of ivory does not apply to ivory imported or
exported under this paragraph (e)(8) for genuine scientific purposes.
(9) Antique ivory. Antiques (as defined in paragraph (e)(1) of this section) are not subject to the provisions of this rule.
Antiques containing or consisting of ivory may, therefore, be imported into or exported from the United States without a
threatened species permit issued under § 17.32, provided the requirements of 50 CFR parts 13, 14, and 23 have been
met. Nevertheless, nothing in this rule interprets or changes any provisions or prohibitions that may apply under the African
Elephant Conservation Act (16 U.S.C. 4201 et seq. ), regardless of the age of the item. Antiques that consist of or contain
raw or worked ivory may similarly be sold or offered for sale in interstate or foreign commerce and delivered, received,
carried, transported, or shipped in interstate or foreign commerce in the course of a commercial activity without a
threatened species permit issued under § 17.32.
(f) Leopard ( Panthera pardus ) (1) Except as noted in paragraph (f)(2) of this section, all prohibitions of § 17.31 of this part
and exemptions of § 17.32 of this part shall apply to the leopard populations occurring in southern Africa to the south of a
line running along the borders of the following countries: Gabon/Rio Muni; Gabon/Cameroon; Congo/Cameroon;
Congo/Central African Republic; Zaire/Central African Republic; Zaire/Sudan; Uganda/Sudan; Kenya/Sudan;
Kenya/Ethiopia; Kenya/Somalia.
(2) A sport-hunted leopard trophy legally taken after the effective date of this rulemaking, from the area south of the line
delineated above, may be imported into the United States without a Threatened Species permit pursuant to § 17.32 of this
part, provided that the applicable provisions of 50 CFR part 23 have been met.
(g) Utah prairie dog ( Cynomys parvidens ).
(1) Except as noted in paragraphs (g)(2) through (g)(6) of this section, all prohibitions of § 17.31(a) and (b) and exemptions
of § 17.32 apply to the Utah prairie dog.
(2) A Utah prairie dog may be directly or intentionally taken as described in paragraphs (g)(3) and (4) of this section on
agricultural lands, properties within 0.8 kilometers (km) (0.5 miles (mi)) of conservation lands, and areas where prairie
dogs create serious human safety hazards or disturb the sanctity of significant human cultural or human burial sites.
(3) Agricultural lands and properties near conservation lands. When permitted by the Utah Division of Wildlife Resources
(UDWR), or other parties as authorized in writing by the Service, direct or intentional take is allowed on private properties
that are located within 0.8 km (0.5 mi) of conservation land, and on agricultural land. Records on permitted take will be
maintained by the State (or other parties as authorized in writing by the Service), and made available to the Service upon
request.
(i) Agricultural land. (A) Take may be permitted only on agricultural land being physically or economically affected by Utah
prairie dogs, and only when the spring count on the agricultural lands is seven or more individuals, and only during the
period of June 15 to December 31; and

(B) The land must:
( 1 ) Meet the general classification of irrigated, dryland, grazing land, orchard, or meadow;
( 2 ) Be capable of producing crops or forage;
( 3 ) Be at least 2 contiguous hectares (5 contiguous acres) in area (smaller parcels may qualify where devoted to
agricultural use in conjunction with other eligible acreage under identical legal ownership);
( 4 ) Be managed in such a way that there is a reasonable expectation of profit;
( 5 ) Have been devoted to agricultural use for at least 2 successive years immediately preceding the year in which
application is made; and
( 6 ) Meet State average annual (per-acre) production requirements.
(ii) Private property near conservation land. (A) Take may be permitted on private properties within 0.8 km (0.5 mi) of Utah
prairie dog conservation land during the period of June 15 to December 31.
(B) Conservation lands are defined as non-Federal areas set aside for the preservation of Utah prairie dogs and are
managed specifically or primarily toward that purpose. Conservation lands may include, but are not limited to, properties
set aside as conservation banks, fee-title purchased properties, properties under conservation easements, and properties
subject to a safe harbor agreement (see § 17.22). Conservation lands do not include Federal lands.
(iii) Amount of permitted take on agricultural lands and private property near conservation land. (A) The UDWR, or other
parties as authorized in writing by the Service, will ensure that permitted take on agricultural lands and properties within
0.8 km (0.5 mi) of conservation lands does not exceed 10 percent of the estimated rangewide population annually.
(B) On agricultural lands, the UDWR, or other parties as authorized in writing by the Service, will limit permitted take to 7
percent of the estimated annual rangewide population and will limit within-colony take to one-half of a colony's estimated
annual production. The UDWR, or other parties as authorized in writing by the Service, will spatially distribute the 7 percent
allowed take on agricultural lands across the three Recovery Units, based on the distribution of the total annual population
estimate within each Recovery Unit.
(C) In setting take limits on properties within 0.8 km (0.5 mi) of conservation lands, the UDWR, or other parties as
authorized in writing by the Service, will consider the amount of take that occurs on agricultural lands. The State, or other
parties as authorized in writing by the Service, will restrict the remaining permitted take (the amount that would bring the
total take up to 10 percent of the estimated annual rangewide population) on properties within 0.8 km (0.5 mi) of
conservation lands to animals in excess of the baseline population. The baseline population of these lands is determined in
accordance with paragraph (g)(3)(iii)(D) of this section.
(D) Take on properties within 0.8 km (0.5 mi) of conservation lands is restricted to prairie dogs in excess of the baseline
population. The baseline population is the highest estimated total (summer) population size on that property during the 5
years prior to the establishment of the conservation property, except that if no UDWR surveys to determine population size
on a property were conducted during such 5-year period, the baseline population is the estimated total (summer)
population size on that property as determined in the first survey conducted after the establishment of the conservation
property. The baseline population will be established by the UDWR, or other parties as authorized in writing by the Service.
(E) Translocated Utah prairie dogs will count toward the take limits in paragraphs (g)(3)(iii)(A) through (D) of this section.
(iv) Methods of allowed direct take on agricultural lands and private properties near conservation land. Methods for
controlling Utah prairie dogs on agricultural lands and properties within 0.8 km (0.5 mi) of conservation lands are limited to
activities associated with translocation efforts by trained and permitted individuals complying with current Service-approved
guidance, trapping intended for lethal removal, and shooting. Actions intended to drown or poison Utah prairie dogs and
the use of gas cartridges, anticoagulants, and explosive devices are prohibited.
(4) Human safety hazards and significant human cultural or human burial sites. (i) Nonlethal take is allowed where Utah
prairie dogs create serious human safety hazards or disturb the sanctity of significant human cultural or human burial sites,
if approved in writing by the Service. To reduce hazards, prairie dog burrows may be filled with dirt if they are directly
creating human hazards or disturbing the sanctity of significant human cultural or human burial sites. Utah prairie dogs
also may be translocated from these sites to approved translocation sites by properly trained personnel using Serviceapproved translocation protocols.
(ii) Direct or intentional lethal take is allowed where Utah prairie dogs create serious human safety hazards or disturb the
sanctity of significant human cultural or human burial sites, but only after all practicable measures to resolve the conflict
are implemented, and only as approved in writing by the Service. A permit is not required to allow take under these
conditions.
(A) All practicable measures means, with respect to these situations:

( 1 ) Construction of prairie-dog-proof fence, above and below grade to specifications approved by the Service, around the
area in which there is concern.
( 2 ) Translocation of Utah prairie dogs out of the fenced area in which there is a concern must be conducted prior to
allowing lethal take. Lethal take is allowed only to remove prairie dogs that remain in these areas after the measures to
fence and translocate are successfully carried out.
( 3 ) Continued maintenance or modification of the fence as needed to preclude Utah prairie dogs from entering the fenced
sites.
(B) There are no restrictions on the amount, timing, or methods of lethal take allowed on lands where Utah prairie dogs
create serious human safety hazards or disturb the sanctity of significant human cultural or human burial sites, as long as
all qualifications in paragraphs (g)(4)(ii)(A)(1)through (3) of this section are met.
(C) The amount of take in areas where Utah prairie dogs create serious human safety hazards or disturb the sanctity of
significant human cultural or human burial sites does not contribute to the upper permitted take limits described above for
agricultural lands and private properties within 0.8 km (0.5 mi) of conservation lands.
(5) Incidental take associated with agriculture. Utah prairie dogs may be taken when take is incidental to otherwise-legal
activities associated with legal and standard agricultural practices on legitimately operating agricultural lands. Acceptable
practices include plowing to depths that do not exceed 46 cm (18 in.), discing, harrowing, irrigating crops, mowing,
harvesting, and bailing, as long as the activities are not intended to eradicate Utah prairie dogs. There is no numeric limit
established for incidental take associated with standard agricultural practices. Incidental take is in addition to, and does not
contribute to, the take limits described in paragraphs (g)(2) through (4) of this section. A permit is not required for incidental
take associated with agricultural practices.
(6) If the Service receives evidence that take pursuant to paragraphs (g)(2) through (5) of this section is having an effect
that is inconsistent with the conservation of the Utah prairie dog, the Service may immediately prohibit or restrict such take
as appropriate for the conservation of the species. The Service will notify the permitting entities in writing if take restrictions
are necessary.
(h) Mountain lion ( Felis concolor ). (1) Except as allowed in paragraphs (h)(2), (h)(3), and (h)(4) of this section, no person
shall take any free-living mountain lion ( Felis concolor ) in Florida.
(2) A mountain lion ( Felis concolor ) may be taken in this area under a valid threatened species permit issued pursuant to
50 CFR 17.52.
(3) A mountain lion ( Felis concolor ) may be taken in Florida by an employee or designated agent of the Service or the
Florida Game and Fresh Water Fish Commission for taxonomic identification or other reasons consistent with the
conservation of the endangered Florida panther ( Felis concolor coryi ). When it has been established by the Service, in
consultation with the State, that an animal in question is not a Florida panther ( Felis concolor coryi ) or an eastern cougar
( Felis concolor couguar ), such animals may be removed from the wild. The disposition of animals so taken shall be at the
discretion of the Florida Game and Fresh Water Fish Commission, with the concurrence of the Fish and Wildlife Service.
(4) Take for reasons of human safety is allowed as specified under 50 CFR 17.21(c)(2) and 17.21(c)(3)(iv).
(5) Any take pursuant to paragraph (h)(4) of this section must be reported in writing to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service,
Office of Law Enforcement, 4401 N. Fairfax Drive, LE-3000, Arlington, VA 22203, within 5 days. The specimen may only
be retained, disposed of, or salvaged in accordance with directions from the Service.
(i) Columbian white-tailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus leucurus ) (CWTD), the Columbia River distinct population
segment. (1) General requirements. Other than as expressly provided at paragraph (i)(3) of this section, the provisions of
§ 17.31(a) apply to the CWTD.
(2) Definitions. For the purposes of this entry:
(i) CWTD means the Columbia River distinct population segment (DPS) of Columbian white-tailed deer or individual
specimens of CWTD.
(ii) Intentional harassment means an intentional act which creates the likelihood of injury to wildlife by annoying it to such
an extent as to significantly disrupt normal behavior patterns which include, but are not limited to, breeding, feeding, or
sheltering. Intentional harassment may include prior purposeful actions to attract, track, wait for, or search out CWTD, or
purposeful actions to deter CWTD.
(iii) Problem CWTD means an individual specimen of CWTD that has been identified in writing by a State conservation
agency or the Service as meeting the following criteria:
(A) The CWTD is causing more than de minimus negative economic impact to a commercial crop;
(B) Previous efforts to alleviate the damage through nonlethal methods have been ineffective; and

(C) There is a reasonable certainty that additional property losses will occur in the near future if a lethal control action is
not implemented.
(iv) Commercial crop means commercially raised horticultural, agricultural, or forest products.
(v) State conservation agency means the State agency in Oregon or Washington operating a conservation program for
CWTD pursuant to the terms of a cooperative agreement with the Service in accordance with section 6(c) of the
Endangered Species Act.
(3) Allowable forms of take of CWTD. Take of CWTD resulting from the following legally conducted activities is allowed:
(i) Intentional harassment not likely to cause mortality. A State conservation agency may issue permits to landowners or
their agents to harass CWTD on lands they own, rent, or lease if the State conservation agency determines in writing that
such action is not likely to cause mortality of CWTD. The techniques employed in this harassment must occur only as
specifically directed or restricted by the State permit in order to avoid causing CWTD mortality.
(ii) Take of problem CWTD resulting in mortality. Take of problem CWTD is authorized under the following circumstances:
(A) Any employee or agent of the Service or the State conservation agency, who is designated by their agency for such
purposes, may, when acting in the course of their official duties, take problem CWTD. This take must occur in compliance
with all other applicable Federal, State, and local laws and regulations.
(B) The State conservation agency may issue a permit to landowners or their agents to take problem CWTD on lands they
own, rent, or lease. Such take must be implemented only as directed and allowed in the permit obtained from the State
conservation agency.
(iii) Accidental take of CWTD when carrying out State-permitted black-tailed deer damage control. Take of CWTD in the
course of carrying out black-tailed deer damage control will be a violation of this rule unless the taking was accidental;
reasonable care was practiced to avoid such taking; and the person causing the take was in possession of a valid blacktailed deer damage control permit from a State conservation agency. When issuing black-tailed deer damage control
permits, the State conservation agency will provide education regarding identification of target species. The exercise of
reasonable care includes, but is not limited to, the review of the educational material provided by the State conservation
agency and identification of the target before shooting.
(iv) Accidental take of CWTD when carrying out State-permitted black-tailed deer hunting. Take of CWTD in the course of
hunting black-tailed deer will be a violation of this rule unless the take was accidental; the take was in the course of hunting
black-tailed deer under a lawful State permit; and reasonable due care was exercised to avoid such taking. The State
conservation agency will provide educational material to hunters regarding identification of target species when issuing
hunting permits. The exercise of reasonable care includes, but is not limited to, the review of the educational materials
provided by the State conservation agency and identification of the target before shooting.
(4) Take limits. The amount of take of CWTD allowed for the activities in paragraphs (i)(3)(ii), (iii), and (iv) of this section
will not exceed 5 percent of the CWTD population during any calendar year, as determined by the Service. By December
31 of each year, the Service will use the most current annual DPS population estimate to set the maximum allowable take
for these activities for the following calendar year. If take exceeds 2 percent of the DPS population in a given calendar
year, the Service will convene a meeting with the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife and the Washington Department
of Fish and Wildlife to discuss CWTD management and strategies to minimize further take from these activities for the rest
of the year. If take exceeds 5 percent of the CWTD population in any given calendar year, no further take under
paragraphs (i)(3)(ii), (iii), and (iv) will be allowed during that year and any further take that does occur may be subject to
prosecution under the Endangered Species Act.
(5) Reporting and disposal requirements. Any injury or mortality of CWTD associated with the actions authorized under
paragraphs (i)(3), (6), and (7) of this section must be reported to the Service within 72 hours, and specimens may be
disposed of only in accordance with directions from the Service. Reports should be made to the Service's Law
Enforcement Office at (503) 231-6125, or the Service's Oregon Fish and Wildlife Office at (503) 231-6179. The Service
may allow additional reasonable time for reporting if access to these offices is limited due to closure.
(6) Additional taking authorizations for Tribal employees, State and local law enforcement officers, and State-licensed
wildlife rehabilitation facilities. (i) Tribal employees and State and local government law enforcement officers. When acting
in the course of their official duties, both Tribal employees designated by the Tribe for such purposes, and State and local
government law enforcement officers working in the States of Oregon or Washington, may take CWTD for the following
purposes:
(A) Aiding or euthanizing sick, injured, or orphaned CWTD;
(B) Disposing of a dead specimen; and
(C) Salvaging a dead specimen that may be used for scientific study.

(ii) Such take must be reported to the Service within 72 hours, and specimens may be disposed of only in accordance with
directions from the Service.
(7) Wildlife rehabilitation facilities licensed by the States of Oregon or Washington. When acting in the course of their
official duties, a State-licensed wildlife rehabilitation facility may take CWTD for the purpose of aiding or euthanizing sick,
injured, or orphaned CWTD. Such take must be reported to the Service within 72 hours as required by paragraph (i)(5) of
this section, and specimens may be retained and disposed of only in accordance with directions from the Service.
(8) Take authorized by permits. Any person with a valid permit issued by the Service under § 17.32 may take CWTD,
pursuant to the special terms and conditions of the permit.
(j) Argali ( Ovis ammon ) in Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, and Tajikistan. (1) Except as noted in paragraph (j)(2) of this section, all
prohibitions of § 17.31 of this part and exemptions of § 17.32 of this part shall apply to this species in Kyrgyzstan,
Mongolia, and Tajikistan
(Note.
In all other parts of its range the argali is classified as endangered and covered by § 
17.21).
(2) Upon receiving from the governments of Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, and Tajikistan properly documented and verifiable
certification that (i) argali populations in those countries are sufficiently large to sustain sport hunting, (ii) regulating
authorities have the capacity to obtain sound data on these populations, (iii) regulating authorities recognize these
populations as a valuable resource and have the legal and practical capacity to manage them as such, (iv) the habitat of
these populations is secure, (v) regulating authorities can ensure that the involved trophies have in fact been legally taken
from the specified populations, and (vi) funds derived from the involved sport hunting are applied primarily to argali
conservation, the Director may, consistent with the purposes of the Act, authorize by publication of a notice in the Federal
Register the importation of personal sport-hunted argali trophies, taken legally in Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, and Tajikistan
after the date of such notice, without a Threatened Species permit pursuant to § 17.32 of this part, provided that the
applicable provisions of 50 CFR part 23 have been met.
(k) Canada lynx ( Lynx canadensis ). (1) What lynx does this special rule apply to? The regulations in this paragraph (k)
apply to all wild and captive lynx in the contiguous United States.
(2) What activities are prohibited for wild lynx? All prohibitions and provisions of 50 CFR 17.31 and 17.32 apply to wild
lynx found in the contiguous United States.
(3) What is considered a captive lynx? (i) For purposes of this paragraph (k), captive lynx means lynx, whether alive or
dead, and any part or product, if the specimen was in captivity at the time of the listing, born in captivity, or lawfully
imported or transported into the contiguous United States.
(ii) Lynx that were either born or held in captivity and then released into the wild are considered wild.
(4) What activities are allowed for captive lynx? (i) Take. You may take lawfully obtained captive lynx without a permit.
(ii) Import and export. You may export captive live lynx, parts or products of captive lynx provided the specimens are
tagged with Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) export tags and/or
accompanied by a valid CITES export permit. You may import lawfully obtained lynx that originated outside the United
States when you follow the requirements of CITES.
(iii) Interstate commerce. You may deliver, receive, carry, transport, ship, sell, offer to sell, purchase, or offer to purchase
in interstate commerce captive lynx and captive lynx parts and products in accordance with State or tribal laws and
regulations. In addition, lynx pelts that are properly tagged with valid CITES export tags also qualify for this exemption on
interstate commerce.
(5) Are any activities not allowed or restricted for captive lynx? You must comply with all applicable State and tribal laws
and regulations. Violation of State or tribal law will also be a violation of the Act.
(l) Preble's meadow jumping mouse ( Zapus hudsonius preblei ). (1) What is the definition of take? To harass, harm,
pursue, hunt, shoot, wound, trap, kill, or collect; or attempt to engage in any such conduct. Incidental take is that which
occurs when it is incidental to and not the purpose of an otherwise lawful activity. Any take that is not authorized by permit
provided through section 7 or section 10 of the Act or that is not covered by the exemptions described below is considered
illegal take.
(2) When is take of Preble's meadow jumping mice allowed? Take of Preble's meadow jumping mice resulting from the
following legally conducted activities, in certain circumstances as described below, is allowed:
(i) Take under permits. Any person with a valid permit issued by the Service under § 17.32 may take Preble's meadow
jumping mice pursuant to the terms of the permit.

(ii) Rodent control. Preble's meadow jumping mice may be taken incidental to rodent control undertaken within 10 feet of
or inside any structure. “Rodent control” includes control of mice and rats by trapping, capturing, or otherwise physically
capturing or killing, or poisoning by any substance registered with the Environmental Protection Agency as required by the
Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (7 U.S.C. 136) and applied consistent with its labeling. “Structure”
includes but is not limited to any building, stable, grain silo, corral, barn, shed, water or sewage treatment equipment or
facility, enclosed parking structure, shelter, gazebo, bandshell, or restroom complex.
(iii) Established, ongoing agricultural activities. Preble's meadow jumping mice may be taken incidental to agricultural
activities, including grazing, plowing, seeding, cultivating, minor drainage, burning, mowing, and harvesting, as long as
these activities are established, ongoing activities and do not increase impacts to or further encroach upon the Preble's
meadow jumping mouse or its habitat. New agricultural activities or those that expand the footprint or intensity of the
activity are not considered to be established, ongoing activities.
(iv) Maintenance and replacement of existing landscaping. Preble's meadow jumping mice may be taken incidental to the
maintenance and replacement of any landscaping and related structures and improvements, as long as they are currently
in place and no increase in impervious surfaces would result from their maintenance and improvement. Construction of
new structures or improvements or expansion of the landscaping in a manner that increases impervious surfaces would
not be considered maintenance and replacement of existing landscaping.
(v) Existing uses of water. Preble's meadow jumping mice may be taken incidentally as a result of existing uses of water
associated with the exercise of perfected water rights pursuant to State law and interstate compacts and decrees. (A
“perfected water right” is a right that has been put to beneficial use and has been permitted, decreed, or adjudicated
pursuant to State law.) Increasing the use or altering the location of use of an existing water right would not be considered
an existing use of water.
(vi) Noxious weed control. Preble's meadow jumping mice may be taken incidental to noxious weed control that is
conducted in accordance with:
(A) Federal law, including Environmental Protection Agency label restrictions;
(B) Applicable State laws for noxious weed control;
(C) Applicable county bulletins;
(D) Herbicide application guidelines as prescribed by herbicide manufacturers; and
(E) Any future revisions to the authorities listed in paragraphs (l)(2)(vi)(A) through (D) of this section that apply to the
herbicides proposed for use within the species' range.
(vii) Ditch maintenance activities. Preble's meadow jumping mice may be taken incidental to normal and customary ditch
maintenance activities only if the activities:
(A) Result in the annual loss of no more than 1/4 mile of riparian shrub habitat per linear mile of ditch, including burning of
ditches that results in the annual loss of no more than 1/4 mile of riparian shrub habitat per linear mile of ditch.
(B) Are performed within the historic footprint of the surface disturbance associated with ditches and related infrastructure,
and
(C) Follow the Best Management Practices described in paragraphs (l)(2)(vii)(C)( 1 ) through ( 3 ) of this section.
( 1 ) Persons engaged in ditch maintenance activities shall avoid, to the maximum extent practicable, impacts to shrub
vegetation. For example, if accessing the ditch for maintenance or repair activities from an area containing no shrubs is
possible, then damage to adjacent shrub vegetation shall be avoided.
( 2 ) Persons engaged in placement or sidecasting of silt and debris removed during ditch cleaning, vegetation or mulch
from mowing or cutting, and other material from ditch maintenance shall, to the maximum extent practicable, avoid shrub
habitat and at no time disturb more than 1/4 mile of riparian shrub habitat per linear mile of ditch within any calendar year.
( 3 ) To the maximum extent practicable, all ditch maintenance activities should be carried out during the Preble's
hibernation season, November through April.
(D) All ditch maintenance activities carried out during the Preble's active season, May through October, should be
conducted during daylight hours only.
(E) Ditch maintenance activities that would result in permanent or long-term loss of potential habitat that would not be
considered normal or customary include replacement of existing infrastructure with components of substantially different
materials and design, such as replacement of open ditches with pipeline or concrete-lined ditches, replacement of an
existing gravel access road with a permanently paved road, or replacement of an earthen diversion structure with a rip-rap
and concrete structure, and construction of new infrastructure or the movement of existing infrastructure to new locations,
such as realignment of a ditch, building a new access road, or installation of new diversion works where none previously
existed.

(3) When is take of Preble's not allowed? (i) Any manner of take not described under paragraph (l)(2) of this section.
(ii) No person may import or export, ship in interstate commerce in the course of commercial activity, or sell or offer for sale
in interstate or foreign commerce any Preble's meadow jumping mice.
(iii) No person, except for an authorized person, may possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, or ship any Preble's meadow
jumping mice that have been taken illegally.
(4) Where does this rule apply? The take exemptions provided by this rule are applicable within the entire range of the
Preble's meadow jumping mouse.
(m) Vicuña ( Vicugna vicugna )— (1) What activities involving vicuña are prohibited by this rule? (i) Appendix I
populations. All provisions of § 17.31 (a) and (b) and § 17.32 apply to vicuña and vicuña parts and products originating
from populations currently listed in Appendix I of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild
Fauna and Flora (CITES).
(ii) Import, export, and re-export. Except as provided in paragraph (m)(2) of this section, it is unlawful to import, export, or
re-export, or present for export or re-export without valid permits as required under parts 17 and 23 of this subchapter, any
vicuña or vicuña parts and products. For import of embryos, blood, other tissue samples, or live vicuña, permits required
under § 17.32 and part 23 will be issued only for bona fide scientific research contributing to the conservation of the
species in the wild.
(iii) Other activities. Except as provided in paragraph (m)(2) of this section, it is unlawful to sell or offer for sale, deliver,
receive, carry, transport, or ship in interstate or foreign commerce and in the course of a commercial activity any vicuña or
vicuña parts and products.
(iv) It is unlawful for any person subject to the jurisdiction of the United States to commit, attempt to commit, solicit to
commit, or cause to be committed any acts described in paragraphs (m)(1)(ii)-(iii) of this section.
(2) What activities involving vicuña are allowed by this rule? You may import, export, or re-export, or conduct interstate or
foreign commerce in raw wool sheared from live vicuñas, cloth made from such wool, or manufactured or handicraft
products and articles made from or consisting of such wool or cloth without a threatened species permit issued according
to § 17.32 only when the following provisions have been met:
(i) The specimens originated from a population listed in CITES Appendix II.
(ii) The provisions in parts 13, 14, and 23 of this subchapter are met, including the specific labeling provisions in part 23.
(iii) Personal and household effects. Under the provisions of this special rule, raw wool sheared from live vicuñas, cloth
made from such wool, or manufactured or handicraft products and articles made from or consisting of such wool or cloth
are not granted the personal or household effects exemption described in part 23 of this subchapter. In addition to the
provisions of this paragraph (m)(2), such specimens may only be imported, exported, or re-exported when accompanied
by a valid CITES document.
(iv) Labeling of wool sheared from live vicuñas. Any shipment of raw wool sheared from live vicuñas must be sealed with
a tamper-proof seal and have the following:
(A) An identification tag with a code identifying the country of origin of the raw vicuña wool and the CITES export permit
number; and
(B) The vicuña logotype as defined in 50 CFR part 23 and the words “VICUÑA—COUNTRY OF ORIGIN”, where country of
origin is the name of the country from which the raw vicuña wool was first exported.
(v) At the time of import, the country of origin and each country of re-export involved in the trade of a particular shipment
have not been identified by the CITES Conference of the Parties, the CITES Standing Committee, or in a Notification from
the CITES Secretariat as a country from which Parties should not accept permits.
(3) When and how will the Service inform the public of additional restrictions in trade of vicuña? Except in rare cases
involving extenuating circumstances that do not adversely affect the conservation of the species, we will issue a public
bulletin that identifies a restriction on trade in specimens of vicuña addressed in this paragraph (m) if any of the following
criteria are met:
(i) The country is identified in any action adopted by the Conference of the Parties to the Convention, the Convention's
Standing Committee, or in a Notification issued by the CITES Secretariat, whereby Parties are asked not to accept
shipments of specimens of any CITES-listed species from the country in question.
(ii) The Service's Division of Scientific Authority administratively determines that the conservation or management status of
threatened vicuña populations in a range country has changed, such that continued recovery of the vicuña population in
that country may be compromised, as a result of one or more of the following factors:
(A) A change in range country laws or regulations that lessens protection for vicuña;

(B) A change in range country management programs that lessens protection for vicuña;
(C) A documented decline in wild vicuña population numbers;
(D) A documented increase in poaching of vicuña;
(E) A documented decline in vicuña habitat quality or quantity; or
(F) Other natural or man-made factors affecting the species' recovery.
(4) What must vicuña range countries do in order to be authorized under the special rule to export to the United States? —
(i) Annual Report. Range country governments (Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, and Peru) wishing to export specimens of vicuña
to the United States will need to provide an annual report containing the most recent information available on the status of
the species, following the information guidelines specified below. The first submission of a status report will be required as
of July 1, 2003, and every year thereafter on the anniversary of that date. For each range country, the following information
should be provided in the annual report:
(A) A description of any revisions to the management program, especially any changes in management approaches or
emphasis;
(B) New information obtained in the last year on vicuña distribution, population status, or population trends, for the country
as a whole or for specific protected areas, and a detailed description of the methodology used to obtain such information;
(C) Results of any research projects concluded in the last year on the biology of vicuña in the wild, particularly its
population biology, habitat use, and genetics, and a description of any new research projects undertaken on the biology of
vicuña in the wild, particularly its population biology, habitat use, and genetics;
(D) A description of any changes to national and/or provincial laws and programs relating to vicuña conservation, in
particular those laws and regulations related to harvest and use of the vicuña, and export of vicuña parts and products;
(E) A description of any changes in the number or size of natural reserves or national parks that provide protected habitat
for the vicuña;
(F) A summary of law enforcement activities undertaken in the last year, and a description of any changes in programs to
prevent poaching, smuggling, and illegal commercialization of the vicuña;
(G) A description of the current management and harvest (or “sustainable use”) programs for wild populations of the
vicuña, including: any changes in the location and population size of wild populations being managed for sustainable use;
any changes in the harvest management practices being used for each population; any changes in current harvest quotas
for wild populations, if any; any changes in protocols for translocations undertaken as part of the use program; a summary
of the specific financial costs of and revenues generated by the sustainable use program over the last year; and a
summary of documented conservation benefits resulting from the sustainable use program over the last year;
(H) A description of current management and harvest (or “sustainable use”) programs for captive and so-called “semicaptive” populations of the vicuña, including: any changes in the number and location of all captive and “semi-captive”
populations; any changes in the size (ha) of each captive enclosure and the number of vicuña maintained therein; any
changes in protocols for translocations undertaken as part of the use program; a summary of the financial costs of and
revenues generated by the sustainable use program over the last year; and documented conservation benefits resulting
from the sustainable use program over the last year (information on captive and “semi-captive” populations must be
separate from that provided for wild populations); and
(I) Export data for the last year.
(ii) The Service's Division of Scientific Authority will conduct a review every 2 years, using information in the annual
reports, to determine whether range country management programs are effectively achieving conservation benefits for the
vicuña. Failure to submit an annual report could result in a restriction on trade in specimens of vicuña as addressed in
paragraph (m)(3) of this section. Based on information contained in the annual reports and any other pertinent information
it has available, the Service may restrict trade from a range country, as addressed in paragraph (m)(3) of this section, if it
determines that the conservation or management status of threatened vicuña populations in a range country has changed,
such that continued recovery of the vicuña population in that country may be compromised. Trade restrictions may result
from one or more of the following factors:
(A) A change in range country laws or regulations that lessens protection for vicuña;
(B) A change in range country management programs that lessens protection for vicuña;
(C) A documented decline in wild vicuña population numbers;
(D) A documented increase in poaching of vicuña;
(E) A documented decline in vicuña habitat quality or quantity; or

(F) Other natural or man-made factors affecting the species' recovery.
(n) Straight-horned markhor ( Capra falconeri megaceros ).
(1) General requirements. Except as noted in paragraph (n)(2) of this section, all prohibitions of § 17.31 and exemptions of
§ 17.32 apply to this subspecies.
(2) What are the criteria under which a personal sport-hunted trophy may qualify for import without a permit under § 
17.32? The Director may, consistent with the purposes of the Act, authorize by publication of a notice in the Federal
Register the importation, without a threatened species permit issued under § 17.32, of personal sport-hunted straighthorned markhor from an established conservation program that meets the following criteria:
(i) The markhor was taken legally from the established program after the date of the Federal Registernotice;
(ii) The applicable provisions of 50 CFR parts 13, 14, 17, and 23 have been met; and
(iii) The Director has received the following information regarding the established conservation program for straight-horned
markhor:
(A) Populations of straight-horned markhor within the conservation program's areas can be shown to be sufficiently large to
sustain sport hunting and are stable or increasing.
(B) Regulatory authorities have the capacity to obtain sound data on populations.
(C) The conservation program can demonstrate a benefit to both the communities surrounding or within the area managed
by the conservation program and the species, and the funds derived from sport hunting are applied toward benefits to the
community and the species.
(D) Regulatory authorities have the legal and practical capacity to provide for the long-term survival of the populations.
(E) Regulatory authorities can determine that the sport-hunted trophies have in fact been legally taken from the
populations under an established conservation program.
(o) Northern long-eared bat ( Myotis septentrionalis ). The provisions of this rule are based upon the occurrence of whitenose syndrome (WNS), a disease affecting many U.S. bat populations. The term “WNS zone” identifies the set of counties
within the range of the northern long-eared bat within 150 miles of the boundaries of U.S. counties or Canadian districts
where the fungus Pseudogymnoascus destructans ( Pd ) or WNS has been detected. For current information regarding the
WNS zone, contact your local Service ecological services field office. Field office contact information may be obtained from
the Service regional offices, the addresses of which are listed in 50 CFR 2.2.
(1) Prohibitions. The following prohibitions apply to the northern long-eared bat:
(i) Purposeful take of northern long-eared bat, including capture, handling, or other activities.
(ii) Within the WNS zone:
(A) Actions that result in the incidental take of northern long-eared bats in known hibernacula.
(B) Actions that result in the incidental take of northern long-eared bats by altering a known hibernaculum's entrance or
interior environment if it impairs an essential behavioral pattern, including sheltering northern long-eared bats.
(C) Tree-removal activities that result in the incidental take of northern long-eared bats when the activity:
( 1 ) Occurs within 0.25 mile (0.4 kilometer) of a known hibernaculum; or
( 2 ) Cuts or destroys known occupied maternity roost trees, or any other trees within a 150-foot (45-meter) radius from the
maternity roost tree, during the pup season (June 1 through July 31).
(iii) Possession and other acts with unlawfully taken northern long-eared bats. It is unlawful to possess, sell, deliver, carry,
transport, or ship, by any means whatsoever, any northern long-eared bat that was taken in violation of this section or
State laws.
(iv) Import and export.
(2) Exceptions from prohibitions. (i) Any person may take a northern long-eared bat in defense of his own life or the lives
of others, including for public health monitoring purposes.
(ii) Any person may take a northern long-eared bat that results from the removal of hazardous trees for the protection of
human life and property.
(iii) Any person may take a northern long-eared bat by removing it from human structures, but only if the actions comply
with all applicable State regulations.

(iv) Purposeful take that results from actions relating to capture, handling, and related activities for northern long-eared
bats by individuals permitted to conduct these same activities for other species of bat until May 3, 2016.
(v) All of the provisions of § 17.32 apply to the northern long-eared bat.
(vi) Any employee or agent of the Service, of the National Marine Fisheries Service, or of a State conservation agency that
is operating a conservation program pursuant to the terms of a cooperative agreement with the Service in accordance with
section 6(c) of the Act, who is designated by his agency for such purposes, may, when acting in the course of his official
duties, take northern long-eared bats covered by an approved cooperative agreement to carry out conservation programs.
(p) Northern sea otter ( Enhydra lutris kenyoni ). (1) To what population of sea otter does this special rule apply? The
regulations in paragraph (p) of this section apply to the southwest Alaska distinct population segment (DPS) of the
northern sea otter as set forth at § 17.11(h) of this part.
(2) What provisions apply to this DPS? Except as noted in paragraph (p)(3) of this section, all prohibitions and provisions
of §§ 17.31 and 17.32 of this part apply to the southwest Alaska DPS of the northern sea otter.
(3) What additional activities are allowed for this DPS? In addition to the activities authorized under paragraph (p)(2) of
this section, you may conduct any activity authorized or exempted under the Marine Mammal Protection Act (16 U.S.C.
1361 et seq. ) with a part or product of a southwest Alaska DPS northern sea otter, provided that:
(i) The product qualifies as an authentic native article of handicrafts or clothing as defined in § 17.3 of this part; and
(A) It was created by an Indian, Aleut, or Eskimo who is an Alaskan
Native, and
(B) It is not being exported or imported for commercial purposes; or
(ii) The part or product is owned by an Indian, Aleut, or Eskimo who is an Alaskan Native and resides in Alaska, or by a
Native inhabitant of Russia, Canada, or Greenland, and is part of a cultural exchange; or
(iii) The product is owned by a Native inhabitant of Russia, Canada, or Greenland, and is in conjunction with travel for
noncommercial purposes; or
(iv) The part or product has been received or acquired by a person registered as an agent or tannery under § 18.23 of this
subchapter.
(4) What other wildlife regulations may apply? All applicable provisions of 50 CFR parts 14, 18, and 23 must be met.
(q) Polar bear ( Ursus maritimus ).
(1) Except as noted in paragraphs (q)(2) and (4) of this section, all prohibitions and provisions of §§ 17.31 and 17.32 of this
part apply to the polar bear.
(2) None of the prohibitions in § 17.31 of this part apply to any activity that is authorized or exempted under the Marine
Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) (16 U.S.C. 1361 et seq. ), the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species
of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) (27 U.S.T. 1087), or both, provided that the person carrying out the activity has complied
with all terms and conditions that apply to that activity under the provisions of the MMPA and CITES and their
implementing regulations.
(3) All applicable provisions of 50 CFR parts 14, 18, and 23 must be met.
(4) None of the prohibitions in § 17.31of this part apply to any taking of polar bears that is incidental to, but not the purpose
of, carrying out an otherwise lawful activity within the United States, except for any incidental taking caused by activities in
areas subject to the jurisdiction or sovereign rights of the United States within the current range of the polar bear.
(r) Lion ( Panthera leo melanochaita ).
(1) General requirements. All prohibitions and provisions of §§ 17.31 and 17.32 apply to this subspecies.
(2) The import exemption found in § 17.8 for threatened wildlife listed in Appendix II of the Convention on International
Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) does not apply to this subspecies. A threatened species
import permit under § 17.32 is required for the importation of all specimens of Panthera leo melanochaita.
(3) All applicable provisions of 50 CFR parts 13, 14, 17, and 23 must be met.
[40 FR 44415, Sept. 26, 1975]
Editorial Note: For Federal Register citations affecting § 17.40, see the List of CFR
Sections Affected, which appears in the Finding Aids section of the printed volume and

at www.govinfo.gov.
§ 17.41

Special rules—birds.

(a) Streaked horned lark ( Eremophila alpestris strigata ). (1) Which populations of the streaked horned lark are covered by
this special rule? The components of this special rule that apply to airport management and noxious weed control cover
the rangewide distribution of this bird; the agricultural component applies only to the Willamette Valley in Oregon.
(2) What activities are prohibited? Except as noted in paragraphs (a)(3), (4), and (5) of this section, all prohibitions of § 
17.31 apply to the streaked horned lark.
(3) What activities are allowed on airports on non-Federal lands? (i) Incidental take of the streaked horned lark will not be
a violation of section 9 of the Act, if the incidental take results from routine management activities associated with airport
operations to minimize hazardous wildlife, consistent with regulations at 14 CFR 139.337.
(ii) Hazardous wildlife is defined by the Federal Aviation Administration as species of wildlife, including feral animals and
domesticated animals not under control, that are associated with aircraft strike problems, are capable of causing structural
damage to airport facilities, or act as attractants to other wildlife that pose a strike hazard. Routine management activities
include, but are not limited to, the following:
(A) Routine management, repair, and maintenance of roads and runways (does not include upgrades or construction of
new roads or runways);
(B) Control and management of vegetation (grass, weeds, shrubs, and trees) through mowing, discing, herbicide
application, or burning;
(C) Hazing of hazardous wildlife; and
(D) Habitat modification and management of sources of forage, water, and shelter to reduce the attractiveness of the area
around the airport for hazardous wildlife.
(iii) Incidental take of larks caused by accidental aircraft strikes at airports on non-Federal lands is also exempted from the
prohibitions of section 9 of the Act.
(4) What agricultural activities are allowed on non-Federal land in the Willamette Valley in Oregon? Incidental take of
streaked horned lark will not be a violation of section 9 of the Act, if the incidental take results from accepted agricultural
(farming) practices implemented on farms consistent with State laws on non-Federal lands.
(i) For the purposes of this special rule, farm means any facility, including land, buildings, watercourses and
appurtenances, used in the commercial production of crops, nursery stock, livestock, poultry, livestock products, poultry
products, vermiculture products, or the propagation and raising of nursery stock.
(ii) For the purposes of this special rule, an agricultural (farming) practice means a mode of operation on a farm that:
(A) Is or may be used on a farm of a similar nature;
(B) Is a generally accepted, reasonable, and prudent method for the operation of the farm to obtain a profit in money;
(C) Is or may become a generally accepted, reasonable, and prudent method in conjunction with farm use;
(D) Complies with applicable State laws; and
(E) Is done in a reasonable and prudent manner.
(iii) Accepted agricultural (farming) practices include, but are not limited to, the following activities:
(A) Planting, harvesting, rotation, mowing, tilling, discing, burning, and herbicide application to crops;
(B) Normal transportation activities, and repair and maintenance of unimproved farm roads (this exemption does not
include improvement or construction of new roads) and graveled margins of rural roads;
(C) Livestock grazing according to normally acceptable and established levels;
(D) Hazing of geese or predators; and
(E) Maintenance of irrigation and drainage systems.
(5) What noxious weed control activities are allowed on non-Federal lands? Incidental take of streaked horned lark will not
be a violation of section 9 of the Act, if the incidental take results from routine removal or other management of noxious
weeds. Routine removal or other management of noxious weeds are limited to the following, and must be conducted in
such a way that impacts to non-target plants are avoided to the maximum extent practicable:
(i) Mowing;

(ii) Herbicide and fungicide application;
(iii) Fumigation; and
(iv) Burning.
(b) Coastal California gnatcatcher ( Polioptila californica californica ). (1) Except as noted in paragraphs (b)(2) and (3) of
this section, all prohibitions of § 17.31(a) and (b) shall apply to the coastal California gnatcatcher.
(2) Incidental take of the coastal California gnatcatcher will not be considered a violation of section 9 of the Endangered
Species Act of 1973, as amended (Act), if it results from activities conducted pursuant to the State of California's Natural
Community Conservation Planning Act of 1991 (NCCP), and in accordance with a NCCP plan for the protection of coastal
sage scrub habitat, prepared consistent with the State's NCCP Conservation and Process Guidelines, provided that:
(i) The NCCP plan has been prepared, approved, and implemented pursuant to California Fish and Game Code sections
2800-2840; and
(ii) The Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) has issued written concurrence that the NCCP plan meets the standards set
forth in 50 CFR 17.32(b)(2). The Service shall issue its concurrence pursuant to the provisions of the Memorandum of
Understanding (MOU), dated December 4, 1991, between the California Department of Fish and Game and the Service
regarding coastal sage scrub natural community conservation planning in southern California. (Copies of the State's NCCP
Conservation and Process Guidelines and the MOU are available from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Carlsbad Field
Office, 2730 Loker Avenue West, Carlsbad, CA 92008.) The Service shall monitor the implementation of the NCCP plan
and may revoke its concurrence under this paragraph (b)(2)(ii) if the NCCP plan, as implemented, fails to adhere to the
standards set forth in 50 CFR 17.32(b)(2).
(3) During the period that a NCCP plan referred to in paragraph (b)(2) of this section is being prepared, incidental take of
the coastal California gnatcatcher will not be a violation of section 9 of the Act if such take occurs within an area under the
jurisdiction of a local government agency that is enrolled and actively engaged in the preparation of such a plan and such
take results from activities conducted in accordance with the NCCP Conservation Guidelines and Process Guidelines.
(4) The Service will monitor the implementation of the NCCP Conservation and Process Guidelines as a whole, and will
conduct a review every 6 months to determine whether the guidelines, as implemented, are effective in progressing toward
or meeting regional and subregional conservation objectives during the interim planning period. If the Service determines
that the guidelines are not effecting adequate progress toward or meeting regional and subregional conservation
objectives, the Service will consult with the California Department of Fish and Game pursuant to the MOU to seek
appropriate modification of the guidelines or their application as defined therein. If appropriate modification of the
guidelines or their application as defined therein does not occur, the Service may revoke the interim take provisions of this
special rule on a subregional or subarea basis. The Service will publish the findings for revocation in the Federal
Register and provide for a 30-day public comment period prior to the effective date for revoking the provisions of the
special rule in a particular area. Revocation would result in the reinstatement of the take prohibitions set forth under 50
CFR 17.31(a) and (b) in the affected NCCP area.
(c) The following species in the parrot family: Salmon-crested cockatoo (Cacatua moluccensis), yellow-billed
parrot (Amazona collaria), white cockatoo ( Cacatua alba), hyacinth macaw ( Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus ), and scarlet
macaw ( Ara macao macao and scarlet macaw subspecies crosses ( Ara macao macao and Ara macao cyanoptera )).
(1) Except as noted in paragraphs (c)(2) and (c)(3) of this section, all prohibitions and provisions of §§ 17.31 and 17.32 of
this part apply to these species.
(2) Import and export. You may import or export a specimen without a permit issued under § 17.32 of this part only when
the provisions of parts 13, 14, 15, and 23 of this chapter have been met and you meet the following requirements:
(i) Captive-bred specimens: The source code on the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild
Fauna and Flora (CITES) document accompanying the specimen must be “F” (captive born), “C” (bred in captivity), or “D”
(bred in captivity for commercial purposes) (see 50 CFR 23.24); or
(ii) Specimens held in captivity prior to certain dates: You must provide documentation to demonstrate that the specimen
was held in captivity prior to the dates specified in paragraph (c)(2)(ii)(A), (B), (C), (D), or (E) of this section. Such
documentation may include copies of receipts, accession or veterinary records, CITES documents, or wildlife declaration
forms, which must be dated prior to the specified dates.
(A) For salmon-crested cockatoos: January 18, 1990 (the date this species was transferred to CITES Appendix I).
(B) For yellow-billed parrots: April 11, 2013 (the date this species was listed under the Endangered Species Act of 1973,
as amended (Act) (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq. )).
(C) For white cockatoos: July 24, 2014 (the date this species was listed under the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as
amended (Act) (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq. )).

(D) For hyacinth macaws: September 12, 2018 (the date this species was listed under the Endangered Species Act of
1973, as amended (Act) (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq. )).
(E) For scarlet macaws: March 28, 2019 (the date this species was listed under the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as
amended (Act) (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq. )).
(3) Interstate commerce. Except where use after import is restricted under § 23.55 of this chapter, you may deliver,
receive, carry, transport, or ship in interstate commerce and in the course of a commercial activity, or sell or offer to sell, in
interstate commerce the species listed in this paragraph (c) without a permit under the Act.
(d) [Reserved]
(e) Elfin-woods warbler ( Setophaga angelae ). (1) Prohibitions. Except as noted in paragraph (e)(2) of this section, all
prohibitions and provisions of 50 CFR 17.31 and 17.32 apply to the elfin-woods warbler.
(2) Exemptions from prohibitions. Incidental take of the elfin-woods warbler will not be considered a violation of section 9
of the Act if the take results from any of the following when conducted within habitats currently occupied by the elfin-woods
warbler provided these activities abide by the conservation measures set forth in this paragraph (e) and are conducted in
accordance with applicable State, Federal, and local laws and regulations:
(i) The conversion of sun-grown coffee to shade-grown coffee plantations by the restoration and maintenance
( i.e., removal of invasive, exotic, and feral species; shade and coffee tree seasonal pruning; shade and coffee tree
planting and replacement; coffee bean harvest by hands-on methods; and the use of standard pest control methods and
fertilizers within the plantations) of shade-grown coffee plantations and native forests associated with this type of crop. To
minimize disturbance to the elfin-woods warbler, shade and coffee tree seasonal pruning must be conducted between
September 1 and February 28, which is the time period outside the peak of the elfin-woods warbler's breeding season. The
Service considers the use of pest control methods (e.g., pesticides, herbicides) and fertilizers “standard” when it is used
only twice a year during the establishment period of shade and coffee trees ( i.e., the first 2 years). Once the shade-grown
coffee system reaches its functionality and structure ( i.e., 3 to 4 years), little or no chemical fertilizers, herbicides, or
pesticides may be used.
(ii) Riparian buffer establishment though the planting of native vegetation and selective removal of exotic species.
(iii) Reforestation and forested habitat enhancement projects within secondary forests ( i.e., young and mature) that
promote the establishment or improvement of habitat conditions for the species by the planting of native trees, selective
removal of native and exotic trees, seasonal pruning of native and exotic trees, or a combination of these.
[43 FR 6233, Feb. 14, 1978, as amended at 58 FR 65095, Dec. 10, 1993; 60 FR 36010, July 12, 1995; 72 FR 37372, July
9, 2007; 73 FR 23970, May 1, 2008; 76 FR 30780, May 26, 2011; 76 FR 54713, Sept. 2, 2011; 78 FR 15641, Mar. 12,
2013; 78 FR 61502, Oct. 3, 2013; 79 FR 20084, Apr. 10, 2014; 79 FR 35900, June 24, 2014; 81 FR 47048, July 20, 2016;
81 FR 40547, June 22, 2016; 83 FR 39916, Aug. 13, 2018; 84 FR 6311, Feb. 26, 2019]
§ 17.42

Special rules—reptiles.

(a) American alligator ( Alligator mississippiensis )—(1) Definitions. For purposes of this paragraph (a) the following
definitions apply:
(i) American alligator means any specimen of the species Alligator mississippiensis , whether alive or dead, including any
skin, part, product, egg, or offspring thereof held in captivity or from the wild.
(ii) The definitions of crocodilian skins and crocodilian parts in § 23.70(b) of this subchapter apply to this paragraph (a).
(2) Taking. No person may take any American alligator, except:
(i) Any employee or agent of the Service, any other Federal land management agency, or a State conservation agency,
who is designated by the agency for such purposes, may, when acting in the course of official duties, take an American
alligator.
(ii) Any person may take an American alligator in the wild, or one which was born in captivity or lawfully placed in captivity,
and may deliver, receive, carry, transport, ship, sell, offer to sell, purchase, or offer to purchase such alligator in interstate
or foreign commerce, by any means whatsoever and in the course of a commercial activity in accordance with the laws
and regulations of the State of taking subject to the following conditions:
(A) Any skin of an American alligator may be sold or otherwise transferred only if the State or Tribe of taking requires skins
to be tagged by State or tribal officials or under State or tribal supervision with a Service-approved tag in accordance with
the requirements in part 23 of this subchapter; and
(B) Any American alligator specimen may be sold or otherwise transferred only in accordance with the laws and
regulations of the State or Tribe in which the taking occurs and the State or Tribe in which the sale or transfer occurs.

(3) Import and export. Any person may import or export an American alligator specimen provided that it is in accordance
with part 23 of this subchapter.
(4) Recordkeeping. (i) Any person not holding an import/export license issued by the Service under part 14 of this
subchapter and who imports, exports, or obtains permits under part 23 of this subchapter for the import or export of
American alligator shall keep such records as are otherwise required to be maintained by all import/export licensees under
part 14 of this subchapter. Such records shall be maintained as in the normal course of business, reproducible in the
English language, and retained for 5 years from the date of each transaction.
(ii) Subject to applicable limitations of law, duly authorized officers at all reasonable times shall, upon notice, be afforded
access to examine such records required to be kept under paragraph (a)(4)(i) of this section, and an opportunity to copy
such records.
(b) Green sea turtle ( Chelonia mydas ), loggerhead sea turtle ( Caretta caretta ), olive ridley sea turtle ( Lepidochelys
olivacea ) (these do not include the populations listed as endangered in § 17.11).
(1) Prohibitions. Subject to the permits allowable under the following paragraph (b)(2) of this section, all of the provisions
set forth in § 17.31 (which incorporate portions of § 17.21) shall apply to this wildlife with the following exceptions:
(i) Section 17.21(c)(2) (self-defense) is not applicable.
(ii) In § 17.21(c)(3)(i), the word “orphaned” is replaced by the word “stranded.”
(iii) Delete § 17.21(c)(3)(iv) (Wildlife threatening human safety).
(iv) [Reserved]
(v) The prohibition against taking shall not apply to incidental catches, as specified in 50 CFR 227.72(e).
(vi) The prohibition against taking within the United States or the territorial sea of the United States shall not apply to
subsistence taking, as specified in 50 CFR 227.72(f).
(2) Permits. (i) For those activities which come under the jurisdiction of the Service, only permits for scientific purposes,
enhancement of propagation or survival, zoological exhibition or educational purposes, are available under § 17.32.
Procedures for issuance of permits are found in § 17.32 and, for those activities which come under the jurisdiction of the
National Marine Fisheries Service, subpart E of part 220. All the provisions of § 17.32 apply to permits issued by the
Service.
(c) Threatened crocodilians —(1) What are the definitions of terms used in this paragraph (c)?
(i) Threatened crocodilian means any live or dead specimen of the following species:
(A) Broad-snouted caiman ( Caiman latirostris ) originating in Argentina;
(B) Brown caiman ( Caiman crocodilus fuscus , including Caiman crocodilus chiapasius );
(C) Common caiman ( Caiman crocodilus crocodilus );
(D) Yacare caiman ( Caiman yacare );
(E) Nile crocodile ( Crocodylus niloticus ); and
(F) Saltwater crocodile ( Crocodylus porosus ) originating in Australia (also referred to as Australian saltwater crocodile).
(ii) The definitions of crocodilian skins and crocodilian parts in § 23.70(b) and re-export in § 23.5 of this subchapter apply
to this paragraph (c).
(2) What activities involving threatened crocodilians are prohibited by this rule? (i) All provisions of §§ 17.31 and 17.32
apply to live specimens, including viable eggs, of all threatened crocodilians and to any specimen of the Appendix-I Nile
crocodile.
(ii) Except as provided in paragraph (c)(2)(i) of this section, the following prohibitions apply to threatened crocodilians.
(A) Import, export, and re-export. Except as provided in paragraph (c)(3) of this section, it is unlawful to import, export, or
re-export, or attempt to import, export, or re-export without valid permits as required under parts 17 and 23 of this
subchapter any threatened crocodilians, including their skins, parts, and products.
(B) Commercial activity. Except as provided in paragraph (c)(3) of this section, it is unlawful, in the course of a commercial
activity, to sell or offer for sale, deliver, receive, carry, transport, or ship in interstate or foreign commerce any threatened
crocodilians, including their skins, parts, and products.
(C) It is unlawful for any person subject to the jurisdiction of the United States to commit, attempt to commit, solicit to
commit, or cause to be committed any acts described in paragraphs (c)(2)(i) and (c)(2)(ii)(A) and (B) of this section.

(3) What activities involving threatened crocodilians are allowed by this rule? Except as provided in (c)(2)(i), you may
import, export, or re-export, or sell or offer for sale, deliver, receive, carry, transport, or ship in interstate or foreign
commerce and in the course of a commercial activity, threatened crocodilian skins, parts, and products without a
threatened species permit otherwise required under § 17.32 provided the requirements of parts 13, 14, and 23 of this
subchapter and the requirements of paragraphs (c)(3) and (4) of this section have been met.
(i) Skins and parts. Except as provided in (c)(3)(ii) of this section, the import, export, or re-export of threatened crocodilian
skins and crocodilian parts is allowed provided the following conditions are met:
(A) Each crocodilian skin and crocodilian part imported, exported, or re-exported must be tagged or labeled in accordance
with § 23.70 of this subchapter.
(B) Any countries re-exporting crocodilian skins or parts must have implemented an administrative system for the effective
matching of imports and re-exports.
(C) If a shipment contains more than 25 percent replacement tags, the U.S. Management Authority will consult with the
Management Authority of the re-exporting country before clearing the shipment. Such shipments may be seized if we
determine that the requirements of the Convention have not been met.
(D) The country of origin and any intermediary country(s) must be effectively implementing the Convention. If we receive
persuasive information from the CITES Secretariat or other reliable sources that a specific country is not effectively
implementing the Convention, we will prohibit or restrict imports from such country(s) as appropriate for the conservation of
the species.
(ii) Meat, skulls, scientific specimens, products, and noncommercial personal or household effects. The tagging
requirements in paragraph (c)(3)(i) of this section for skins and parts do not apply to the import, export, or re-export of
threatened crocodilian meat, skulls, scientific specimens, or products or to the noncommercial import, export, or re-export
of personal effects in accompanying baggage or household effects.
(4) When and how will the Service inform the public of additional restrictions in trade of threatened crocodilians? Except in
rare cases involving extenuating circumstances that do not adversely affect the conservation of the species, the Service
will issue an information bulletin (posted on our websites, http://www.fws.gov/le and http://www.fws.gov/international )
announcing additional restrictions on trade of specimens of threatened crocodilians if any of the following criteria are met:
(i) The country is listed in a Notification to the Parties by the CITES Secretariat as not having designated Management and
Scientific Authorities.
(ii) The country is identified in any action adopted by the Conference of the Parties to the Convention, the Standing
Committee, or in a Notification issued by the CITES Secretariat, whereby Parties are asked not to accept shipments of
specimens of any CITES species from the country in question or of any crocodilian species listed in the CITES
Appendices.
(iii) We determine, based on information from the CITES Secretariat or other reliable sources, that the country is not
effectively implementing the provisions of the Convention.
(5) Reporting requirements for yacare caiman range countries —(i) Biennial reports. Range countries (Argentina, Bolivia,
Brazil, and Paraguay) wishing to export specimens of yacare caiman to the United States for commercial purposes must
provide a biennial report containing the most recent information available on the status of the species. The first submission
of a status report will be required as of December 31, 2001, and every 2 years thereafter on the anniversary of that date.
For each range country, all of the following information must be included in the report.
(A) Recent distribution and population data, and a description of the methodology used to obtain such estimates.
(B) Description of research projects currently being conducted related to the biology of the species in the wild, particularly
reproductive biology (for example, age or size when animals become sexually mature, number of clutches per season,
number of eggs per clutch, survival of eggs, survival of hatchlings).
(C) Description of laws and programs regulating harvest, including approximate acreage of land set aside as natural
reserves or national parks that provide protected habitat for yacare caiman.
(D) Description of current sustainable harvest programs, including ranching (captive rearing of specimens collected from
the wild as eggs or juveniles) and farming (captive-breeding) programs.
(E) Current harvest quotas for wild populations.
(F) Export data for the last 2 years. Information should be organized according to the source of specimens such as wildcaught, captive-reared, or captive-bred.
(ii) Review and restrictions. The U.S. Scientific Authority will conduct a review every 2 years, using information in the
biennial reports and other available information, to determine whether range country management programs are effectively
achieving conservation benefits for the yacare caiman. Based on the best available information, we may restrict trade from

a range country if we determine that the conservation or management status of threatened yacare caiman populations has
changed, such that continued recovery of the population in that country may be compromised. Trade restrictions, as
addressed in paragraph (c)(4) of this section, may be implemented based on one or more of the following factors:
(A) Failure to submit the reports described above, or failure to respond to requests for additional information.
(B) A change in range country laws or regulations that lessens protection for yacare caiman.
(C) A change in range country management programs that lessens protection for the species.
(D) A documented decline in wild population numbers.
(E) A documented increase in poaching.
(F) A documented decline in habitat quality or quantity.
(G) Other natural or manmade factors affecting the species' recovery.
(d) Blue-tailed mole skink ( Eumeces egregius lividus ) and sand skink ( Neoseps reynoldsi ). (1) No person shall take these
species, except in accordance with applicable State fish and wildlife conservation laws and regulations for educational
purposes, scientific purposes, the enhancement or survival of the species, zoological exhibition, and other conservation
purposes consistent with the Act.
(2) Any violation of applicable State fish and wildlife conservation laws or regulations with respect to taking of these
species is also a violation of the Endangered Species Act.
(3) No person shall possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, ship, import, or export, by any means whatever, any such
species taken in violation of applicable State fish and wildlife conservation laws or regulations.
(4) It is unlawful for any person to attempt to commit, solicit another to commit, or cause to be committed, any offense
defined in paragraph (c) (1) through (3) of this section.
(5) Taking of these species for purposes other than those described in paragraph (c)(1) of this section, including taking
incidental to carrying out otherwise lawful activities, is prohibited except when permitted under §§ 17.23 and 17.32.
(e) Desert tortoise ( Gopherus agassizii )—(1) Definition. For the purposes of this paragraph (e) “desert tortoise” shall
mean any member of the species Gopherus agassizii, whether alive or dead, and any part, product, egg, or offspring
thereof, found outside of Arizona (south and east of the Colorado River) and Mexico, regardless of natal origin or place of
removal from the wild.
(2) Applicable provisions. The provisions of § 17.31-17.32 shall apply to any desert tortoise subject to this paragraph (e).
(f) Bog turtle ( Clemmys muhlenbergii ), southern population—(1) Definitions of terms. For the purposes of this paragraph
(f): Bog turtle of the southern population means any member of the species Clemmys muhlenbergii, within Georgia, North
Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee and Virginia, regardless of whether in the wild or captivity, and also applies to the
progeny of any such turtle.
(2) Prohibitions. Except as provided in paragraph (f)(3) of this section, the provisions of Sec. 17.31 (a) and (b) of this part
applies to bog turtles of the southern population (see also 50 CFR part 23).
(3) Take. Incidental take, that is, take that results from, but is not the purpose of, carrying out an otherwise lawful activity,
does not apply to bog turtles of the southern population.
(g) Northern Mexican gartersnake ( Thamnophis eques megalops )—(1) Prohibitions. Except as noted in paragraph (g)(2)
of this section, all prohibitions and provisions of §§ 17.31 and 17.32 apply to the northern Mexican gartersnake.
(2) Exemptions from prohibitions. Incidental take of the northern Mexican gartersnake will not be considered a violation of
section 9 of the Act if the take occurs on non-Federal land and is incidental to activities pertaining to construction,
continued use, and maintenance of stock tanks. A stock tank is an existing or future impoundment in an ephemeral
drainage or upland site constructed primarily as a watering site for livestock.
(h) Black pinesnake ( Pituophis melanoleucus lodingi ).
(1) Prohibitions. Except as noted in paragraph (h)(2) of this section, all prohibitions and provisions of §§ 17.31 and 17.32
apply to the black pinesnake.
(2) Exemptions from prohibitions. Incidental take of the black pinesnake will not be considered a violation of section 9 of
the Act if the take results from:
(i) Prescribed burning, including all fire break establishment and maintenance actions, as well as actions taken to control
wildfires.

(ii) Herbicide application for invasive plant species control, site-preparation, and mid-story and understory woody
vegetation control. All exempted herbicide applications must be conducted in a manner consistent with Federal law,
including Environmental Protection Agency label restrictions; applicable State laws; and herbicide application guidelines as
prescribed by herbicide manufacturers.
(iii) All forest management activities that maintain lands in a forested condition, except for:
(A) Conversion of longleaf-pine-dominated forests (>51 percent longleaf in the overstory) to other forest cover types or
land uses; and
(B) Those activities causing significant subsurface disturbance, including, but not limited to, shearing, wind-rowing,
stumping, disking (except during fire break creation or maintenance), root-raking, and bedding.
[42 FR 2076, Jan. 10, 1977, as amended at 43 FR 32809, July 28, 1978; 44 FR 59084, Oct. 12, 1979; 45 FR 17589, Mar.
19, 1980; 45 FR 78154, Nov. 25, 1980; 48 FR 46336, Oct. 12, 1983; 50 FR 25678, June 20, 1985; 50 FR 45409, Oct. 31,
1985; 52 FR 21063, June 4, 1987; 52 FR 42662, Nov. 6, 1987; 55 FR 12191, Apr. 2, 1990; 61 FR 32366, June 24, 1996;
62 FR 59622, Nov. 4, 1997; 65 FR 25879, May 4, 2000; 72 FR 48446, Aug. 23, 2007; 78 FR 38190, June 25, 2013; 79 FR
38746, July 8, 2014; 80 FR 60489, Oct. 6, 2015]
§ 17.43

Special rules—amphibians.

(a) San Marcos salamander ( Eurycea nana ). (1) All provisions of § 17.31 apply to this species, except that it may be taken
in accordance with applicable State law.
(2) Any violation of State law will also be a violation of the Act.
(b) Chiricahua leopard frog ( Lithobates chiricahuensis ).
(1) What activities are prohibited? Except as noted in paragraph (b)(2) of this section, all prohibitions of § 17.31 will apply
to the Chiricahua leopard frog.
(2) What activities are allowed on private, State, or Tribal land? Incidental take of the Chiricahua leopard frog will not be
considered a violation of section 9 of the Act, if the take results from livestock use at or maintenance activities of livestock
tanks located on private, State, or Tribal lands. A livestock tank is defined as an existing or future impoundment in an
ephemeral drainage or upland site constructed primarily as a watering site for livestock.
(c) California tiger salamander ( Ambystoma californiense ).
(1) Which populations of the California tiger salamander are covered by this special rule? This rule covers the California
tiger salamander ( Ambystoma californiense ) rangewide.
(2) What activities are prohibited? Except as noted in paragraph (c)(3) of this section, all prohibitions of § 17.31 will apply
to the California tiger salamander.
(3) What activities are allowed on private or Tribal land? Incidental take of the California tiger salamander will not be a
violation of section 9 of the Act, if the incidental take results from routine ranching activities located on private or Tribal
lands. Routine ranching activities include, but are not limited to, the following:
(i) Livestock grazing according to normally acceptable and established levels of intensity in terms of the number of head of
livestock per acre of rangeland;
(ii) Control of ground-burrowing rodents using poisonous grain according to the labeled directions and local, State, and
Federal regulations and guidelines (The use of toxic or suffocating gases is not exempt from the prohibitions due to their
nontarget-specific mode of action.);
(iii) Control and management of burrow complexes using discing and grading to destroy burrows and fill openings;
(iv) Routine management and maintenance of stock ponds and berms to maintain livestock water supplies (This exemption
does not include the intentional introduction of species into a stock pond that may prey on California tiger salamander
adults, larvae, or eggs.);
(v) Routine maintenance or construction of fences for grazing management;
(vi) Planting, harvest, or rotation of unirrigated forage crops as part of a rangeland livestock operation;
(vii) Maintenance and construction of livestock management facilities such as corrals, sheds, and other ranch outbuildings;
(viii) Repair and maintenance of unimproved ranch roads (This exemption does not include improvement, upgrade, or
construction of new roads.);
(ix) Discing of fencelines or perimeter areas for fire prevention control;

(x) Placement of mineral supplements; and
(xi) Control and management of noxious weeds.
(d) California red-legged frog ( Rana aurora draytonii )—(1) Which populations of the California red-legged frog are
covered by this special rule? This rule covers the California red-legged frog ( Rana aurora draytonii ) rangewide.
(2) What activities are prohibited? Except as noted in paragraph (d)(3) of this section, all prohibitions of § 17.31 will apply
to the California red-legged frog.
(3) What activities are allowed on private or Tribal land? Incidental take of the California red-legged frog will not be a
violation of section 9 of the Act, if the incidental take results from routine ranching activities located on private or Tribal
lands. Routine ranching activities include, but are not limited to, the following:
(i) Livestock grazing according to normally acceptable and established levels of intensity in terms of the number of head of
livestock per acre of rangeland;
(ii) Control of ground-burrowing rodents using poisonous grain according to the labeled directions and local, State, and
Federal regulations and guidelines (In areas where California red-legged frogs and California tiger salamanders coexist,
the use of toxic or suffocating gases is not exempt from the prohibitions due to their nontarget-specific mode of action.);
(iii) Control and management of burrow complexes using discing and grading to destroy burrows and fill openings (This
exemption does not apply to areas within 0.7 mi (1.2 km) of known or potential California red-legged frog breeding ponds.);
(iv) Routine management and maintenance of stock ponds and berms to maintain livestock water supplies (This exemption
does not include the intentional introduction of species into a stock pond (including non-native fish and bullfrogs) that may
prey on California red-legged frog adults, larvae, or eggs.);
(v) Routine maintenance or construction of fences for grazing management;
(vi) Planting, harvest, or rotation of unirrigated forage crops as part of a rangeland livestock operation;
(vii) Maintenance and construction of livestock management facilities such as corrals, sheds, and other ranch outbuildings;
(viii) Repair and maintenance of unimproved ranch roads (This exemption does not include improvement, upgrade, or
construction of new roads.);
(ix) Discing of fencelines or perimeter areas for fire prevention control;
(x) Placement of mineral supplements; and
(xi) Control and management of noxious weeds.
(e) Georgetown salamander ( Eurycea naufragia. )
(1) Prohibitions. Except as noted in paragraph (e)(2) of this section, all prohibitions and provisions of §§ 17.31 and 17.32
apply to the Georgetown salamander.
(2) Exemptions from prohibitions. Incidental take of the Georgetown salamander will not be considered a violation of
section 9 of the Act if the take occurs on non-Federal land from regulated activities that are conducted consistent with the
water quality protection measures contained in chapter 11.07 and Appendix A of the City of Georgetown (Texas) Unified
Development Code (UDC), as endorsed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
[40 FR 44415, Sept. 26, 1975, as amended at 45 FR 47363, July 14, 1980; 67 FR 40811, June 13, 2002; 69 FR 47248,
Aug. 4, 2004; 71 FR 19293, Apr. 13, 2006; 77 FR 16375, Mar. 20, 2012; 80 FR 47428, Aug. 7, 2015]
§ 17.44

Special rules—fishes.

(a) Lahontan cutthroat trout, Paiute cutthroat trout, and Arizona trout ( Salmo clarki henshawi, Salmo clarki
seleniris, and Salmo apache ). (1) All the provisions of § 17.31 apply to these species, except that they may be taken in
accordance with applicable State law.
(2) Violation of State law will also be a violation of the Act.
(b) Bayou darter ( Etheostoma rubrum ). (1) All the provisions of § 17.31 apply to this species, except that they may be
taken in accordance with applicable State law.
(2) Any violation of State law will also be a violation of the Act.
(c) Slender chub ( Hybopsis cahni ), spotfin chub ( Erimonax monachus ), slackwater darter ( Etheostoma boschungi ), and
yellowfin madtom ( Noturus flavipinnis ). (1) All the provisions of § 17.31 apply to these species, except that they may be
taken in accordance with applicable State law.

(2) Any violation of State law will also be a violation of the Act.
(d) Leopard darter ( Percina pantherina ). (1) All provisions of § 17.31 apply to this species, except that it may be taken in
accordance with applicable State law.
(2) Any violation of State law will also be a violation of the Act.
(e) Little Kern golden trout ( Salmo aguabonita whitei ). (1) All provisions of § 17.31 apply to this species, except that it may
be taken in accordance with applicable State law.
(2) Any violation of State law will also be a violation of the Act.
(f) Greenback cutthroat trout ( Salmo clarki stomias ). (1) All provisions of § 17.31 apply to this species, except that it may
be taken in accordance with applicable State law.
(2) Any violation of State law will also be a violation of the Act.
(g) Chihuahua chub ( Gila nigrescens). (1) All provisions of § 17.31 apply to this species, except that it may be taken in
accordance with applicable State law.
(2) Any violation of State law will also be a violation of the Endangered Species Act.
(h) Yaqui catfish ( Ictalurus pricei ) and beautiful shiner ( Notropis formosus ). (1) All provisions of § 17.31 apply to these
species, except that they may be taken for educational, scientific, or conservation purposes in accordance with applicable
Arizona State laws and regulations.
(2) Any violation of State law will also be a violation of the Endangered Species Act.
(i) Big Spring spinedace ( Lepidomeda mollispinis pratensis ). (1) All the provisions of § 17.31 apply to this species, except
that it may be taken in accordance with applicable State fish and wildlife conservation laws and regulations in the following
instances: educational purposes, scientific purposes, the enhancement of propagation or survival of the species, zoological
exhibition, and other conservation purposes consistent with the Act.
(2) Any violation of applicable State fish and wildlife conservation laws or regulations with respect to this species will also
be a violation of the Endangered Species Act.
(j) Hutton tui chub ( Gila bicolor subspecies) and Foskett speckled dace ( Rhinichthys osculus subspecies). (1) No person
shall take these species, except in accordance with applicable State fish and wildlife conservation laws and regulations in
the following instances: for educational purposes, scientific purposes, the enhancement of propagation or survival of the
species, zoological exhibition, and other conservation purposes consistent with the Act.
(2) Any violation of applicable State fish and wildlife conservation laws or regulations with respect to the taking of these
species will also be a violation of the Endangered Species Act.
(3) No person shall possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, ship, import, or export, by any means whatsoever, any such
species taken in violation of these regulations or in violation of applicable State fish and wildlife conservation laws or
regulations.
(4) It is unlawful for any person to attempt to commit, solicit another to commit, or cause to be committed, any offense
defined in paragraphs (j) (1) through (3) of this section.
(k) Niangua darter, Etheostoma nianguae. (1) No person shall take the species, except in accordance with applicable
State fish and wildlife conservation laws and regulations in the following instances: educational purposes, scientific
purposes, the enhancement of propagation or survival of the species, zoological exhibition, and other conservation
purposes consistent with the Act.
(2) Any violation of applicable State fish and wildlife conservation laws or regulations with respect to the taking of this
species will also be a violation of the Endangered Species Act.
(3) No person shall possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, ship, import, or export, by any means whatsoever, any such
species taken in violation of these regulations or in violation of applicable State fish and wildlife conservation laws or
regulations.
(4) It is unlawful for any person to attempt to commit, solicit another to commit, or cause to be committed, any offense
defined in paragraphs (k) (1) through (3) of this section.
(l) Warner sucker ( Catostomus warnerensis ). (1) No person shall take the species, except in accordance with applicable
State fish and wildlife conservation laws and regulations in the following instances:
(i) For educational purposes, scientific purposes, the enhancement of propagation or survival of the species, zoological
exhibition, and other conservation purposes consistent with the Act;

(ii) Incidental to State-permitted recreational fishing activities, provided that the individual fish taken is immediately returned
to its habitat.
(2) Any violation of applicable State fish and wildlife conservation laws or regulations with respect to the taking of this
species will also be a violation of the Endangered Species Act.
(3) No person shall possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, ship, import, or export, by any means whatsoever, any such
species taken in violation of these regulations or in violation of applicable State fish and wildlife laws or regulations.
(4) It is unlawful for any person to attempt to commit, solicit another to commit, or cause to be committed, any offense
defined in paragraphs (l) (1) through (3) of this section.
(m) Desert dace ( Eremichthys acros ). (1) No person shall take the species, except in accordance with applicable State
fish and wildlife conservation laws and regulations in the following instances: For educational purposes, scientific
purposes, the enhancement of propagation or survival of the species, zoological exhibition, and other conservation
purposes consistent with the Act.
(2) Any violation of applicable State fish and wildlife conservation laws or regulations with respect to the taking of this
species will also be a violation of the Endangered Species Act.
(3) No person shall possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, ship, import, or export, by any means whatsoever, any such
species taken in violation of applicable State fish and wildlife conservation laws or regulations.
(4) It is unlawful for any person to attempt to commit, solicit another to commit, or cause to be committed, any offense
defined in paragraphs (m) (1) through (3) of this section.
(n) Railroad Valley springfish ( Crenichthys nevadae ). (1) No person shall take the species, except in accordance with
applicable State fish and wildlife conservation laws and regulations in the following instances: for educational purposes,
scientific purposes, the enhancement of propagation or survival of the species, zoological exhibition, and other
conservation purposes consistent with the Act.
(2) Any violation of applicable State fish and wildlife conservation laws or regulations with respect to the taking of this
species will also be a violation of the Endangered Species Act.
(3) No person shall possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, ship, import, or export, by any means whatsoever, any such
species taken in violation of these regulations or in violation of applicable State fish and wildlife conservation laws or
regulations.
(4) It is unlawful for any person to attempt to commit, solicit another to commit, or cause to be committed, any offense
defined in paragraphs (n) (1) through (3) of this section.
(o) Sonora chub ( Gila ditaenia ). (1) No person shall take the species, except in accordance with applicable State fish and
wildlife conservation laws and regulations in the following instances:
(i) For educational purposes, scientific purposes, the enhancement of propagation or survival of the species, zoological
exhibition, and other conservation purposes consistent with the Act; or,
(ii) Incidental to State-permitted recreational fishing activities, provided that the individual fish taken is immediately returned
to its habitat.
(2) Any violation of applicable State fish and wildlife conservation laws or regulations with respect to the taking of this
species will also be a violation of the Endangered Species Act.
(3) No person shall possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, ship, import, or export, by any means whatsoever, any such
species taken in violation of these regulations or in violation of applicable State fish and wildlife conservation laws or
regulations.
(4) It is unlawful for any person to attempt to commit, solicit another to commit, or cause to be committed, any offense
defined in paragraphs (o) (1) through (3) of this section.
(p) Kentucky arrow darter ( Etheostoma spilotum ).
(1) Prohibitions. Except as noted in paragraph (p)(2) of this section, all prohibitions and provisions of 50 CFR 17.31 and
17.32 apply to the Kentucky arrow darter.
(2) Exceptions from prohibitions.
(i) All of the activities listed in paragraph (p)(2)(ii) of this section must be conducted in a manner that:
(A) Maintains connectivity of suitable Kentucky arrow darter habitats, allowing for dispersal between streams;
(B) Minimizes instream disturbance by occurring during low-flow periods when possible; and

(C) Maximizes the amount of instream cover that is available for the species.
(ii) Incidental take of the Kentucky arrow darter will not be considered a violation of section 9 of the Act if the take results
from any of the following when conducted within habitats currently occupied by the Kentucky arrow darter:
(A) Channel reconfiguration or restoration projects that create natural, physically stable, ecologically functioning streams
(or stream and wetland systems) that are reconnected with their groundwater aquifers. These projects can be
accomplished using a variety of methods, but the desired outcome is a natural, sinuous channel with low shear stress
(force of water moving against the channel); low bank heights and reconnection to the floodplain; a reconnection of surface
and groundwater systems, resulting in perennial flows in the channel; riffles and pools composed of existing soil, rock, and
wood instead of large imported materials; low compaction of soils within adjacent riparian areas; and inclusion of riparian
wetlands. First- to third-order headwater streams reconstructed in this way would offer suitable habitats for the Kentucky
arrow darter and contain stable channel features, such as pools, glides, runs, and riffles, which could be used by the
species for spawning, rearing, growth, feeding, migration, and other normal behaviors.
(B) Bank stabilization projects that use State-approved bioengineering methods (specified by the Kentucky Energy and
Environment Cabinet and the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet) to replace preexisting, bare, eroding stream banks with
vegetated, stable stream banks, thereby reducing bank erosion and instream sedimentation and improving habitat
conditions for the species. Following these methods, stream banks may be stabilized using live stakes (live, vegetative
cuttings inserted or tamped into the ground in a manner that allows the stake to take root and grow), live fascines (live
branch cuttings, usually willows, bound together into long, cigar-shaped bundles), or brush layering (cuttings or branches
of easily rooted tree species layered between successive lifts of soil fill). These methods would not include the sole use of
quarried rock (rip-rap) or the use of rock baskets or gabion structures.
(C) Bridge and culvert replacement/removal projects that remove migration barriers (e.g., collapsing, blocked, or perched
culverts) or generally allow for improved upstream and downstream movements of Kentucky arrow darters while
maintaining normal stream flows, preventing bed and bank erosion, and improving habitat conditions for the species.
(D) Repair and maintenance of U.S. Forest Service concrete plank stream crossings on the Daniel Boone National Forest
(DBNF) that allow for safe vehicle passage while maintaining instream habitats, reducing bank and stream bed erosion
and instream sedimentation, and improving habitat conditions for the species. These concrete plank crossings have been
an effective stream crossing structure on the DBNF and have been used for decades. Over time, the planks can be buried
by sediment, undercut during storm events, or simply break down and decay. If these situations occur, the DBNF must
make repairs or replace the affected plank.
(q) [Reserved]
(r) Pecos bluntnose shiner ( Notropis simus pecosensis ). (1) No person shall take the species, except in accordance with
applicable State fish and wildlife conservation laws and regulations in the following instances:
(i) For educational purposes, scientific purposes, the enhancement of propagation or survival of the species, zoological
exhibition, and other conservation purposes consistent with the Act; or,
(ii) Incidental to State permitted recreational fishing activities, provided that the individual fish taken is immediately returned
to its habitat.
(2) Any violation of applicable State fish and wildlife conservation laws or regulations with respect to taking of this species
will also be a violation of the Endangered Species Act.
(3) No person shall possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, ship, import, or export, by any means whatsoever any such
species taken in violation of these regulations or in violation of applicable State fish and wildlife conservation laws or
regulations.
(4) It is unlawful for any person to attempt to commit, solicit another to commit, or cause to be committed, any offense
defined in paragraphs (r) (1) through (3) of this section.
(s) Waccamaw Silverside ( Menidia extensa ). (1) No person shall take the species, except in accordance with applicable
State fish and wildlife conservation laws and regulations.
(2) Any violation of applicable State fish and wildlife conservation laws or regulations with respect to the taking of this
species will also be a violation of the Endangered Species Act.
(3) No person shall possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, ship, import, or export, by any means whatsoever, any such
species taken in violation of these regulations or in violation of applicable State fish and wildlife conservation laws or
regulations.
(4) It is unlawful for any person to attempt to commit, solicit another to commit, or cause to be committed, any offense
defined in paragraphs (s) (1) through (3) of this section.
(t) Little Colorado spinedace ( Lepidomeda vittata ). (1) No person shall take this species, except in accordance with
applicable State Fish and Wildlife conservation laws and regulations in the following instances: for educational purposes,

scientific purposes, the enhancement of propagation or survival of the species, zoological exhibition, and other
conservation purposes consistent with the Act.
(2) Any violation of applicable State fish and wildlife conservation laws or regulations with respect to the taking of this
species is also a violation of the Endangered Species Act.
(3) No person shall possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, ship, import, or export, by any means whatsoever, any such
species taken in violation of these regulations or in violation of applicable State fish and wildlife conservation laws or
regulations.
(4) It is unlawful for any person to attempt to commit, solicit another to commit, or cause to be committed, any offense
defined in paragraphs (t) (1) through (3) of this section.
(u) Pygmy sculpin ( Cottus pygmaeus ). The City of Anniston Water Works and Sewer Board will continue to use Coldwater
Spring as a municipal water supply. Pumpage may remove all spring flow in excess of 3 cubic feet per second (1,938,000
gallons per day).
(v) Gulf sturgeon ( Acipenser oxyrhynchus desotoi ). (1) No person shall take this species, except in accordance with
applicable State fish and wildlife conservation laws and regulations for educational purposes, scientific purposes, the
enhancement of propagation or survival of the species, zoological exhibition, or other conservation purposes consistent
with the Act.
(2) Any violation of applicable State fish and wildlife conservation laws or regulations with respect to taking of this species
is also a violation of the Endangered Species Act.
(3) No person shall possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, ship, import, or export, by any means whatever, any of this
species taken in violation of applicable State fish and wildlife conservation laws or regulations.
(4) It is unlawful for any person to attempt to commit, solicit another to commit, or cause to be committed, any offense
defined in paragraphs (v)(1) through (3) of this section.
(5) Taking of this species for purposes other than those described in paragraph (v)(1) of this section, including taking
incidental to otherwise lawful activities, is prohibited except when permitted under 50 CFR 17.32.
(w) What species are covered by this special rule? Bull trout ( Salvelinus confluentus ), wherever found in the coterminous
lower 48 States, except in the Jarbidge River Basin in Nevada and Idaho (see 50 CFR 17.44(x)).
(1) What activities do we prohibit? Except as noted in paragraph (w)(2) of this section, all prohibitions of 50 CFR 17.31
and exemptions of 50 CFR 17.32 shall apply to the bull trout in the coterminous United States as defined in paragraph (w)
of this section.
(i) No person may possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, ship, import, or export, by any means whatsoever, any such
species taken in violation of this section or in violation of applicable State, National Park Service, and Native American
Tribal fish and conservation laws and regulations.
(ii) It is unlawful for any person to attempt to commit, solicit another to commit, or cause to be committed, any offense
listed in this special rule.
(2) What activities do we allow? In the following instances you may take this species in accordance with applicable State,
National Park Service, and Native American Tribal fish and wildlife conservation laws and regulations, as constituted in all
respects relevant to protection of bull trout in effect on November 1, 1999:
(i) Educational purposes, scientific purposes, the enhancement of propagation or survival of the species, zoological
exhibition, and other conservation purposes consistent with the Act; or
(ii) Fishing activities authorized under State, National Park Service, or Native American Tribal laws and regulations;
(3) How does this rule relate to State protective regulations? Any violation of applicable State, National Park Service, or
Native American Tribal fish and wildlife conservation laws or regulations with respect to the taking of this species is also a
violation of the Endangered Species Act.
(x) Bull trout ( Salvelinus confluentus ), Jarbidge River population segment. (1) Prohibitions. Except as noted in paragraph
(x)(2) of this section, all prohibitions of 50 CFR 17.31 and exemptions of 50 CFR 17.32 apply to the bull trout in the
Jarbidge River population segment within the United States.
(2) Exceptions. No person may take this species, except in the following instances in accordance with applicable State
fish and wildlife conservation laws and regulations relevant to protection of bull trout in effect on April 8, 1999.
(i) For educational purposes, scientific purposes, the enhancement of propagation or survival of the species, zoological
exhibition, and other conservation purposes consistent with the Act;

(ii) Incidental to State-permitted recreational fishing activities, provided that any bull trout caught are immediately returned
to the stream.
(iii) The exceptions in paragraphs (x)(2) (i) and (ii) of this section will be in effect until April 9, 2001. At that time, all take
prohibitions of the Act will be reinstated for the Jarbidge River population segment unless exceptions to take prohibitions
are otherwise provided through a subsequent special rule.
(3) Any violation of applicable State fish and wildlife conservation laws or regulations with respect to the taking of this
species is also a violation of the Endangered Species Act.
(4) No person may possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, ship, import, or export, any means whatsoever, any such species
taken in violation of this section or in violation of applicable State fish and conservation laws and regulations.
(5) It is unlawful for any person to attempt to commit, solicit another to commit, or cause to be committed, any offense
defined in paragraphs (x)(2) through (4) of this section.
(y) Beluga sturgeon ( Huso huso )
(1) How are various terms defined in this special rule? In addition to the definitions specified in § 10.12 of subchapter B of
this chapter, we define certain terms that specifically apply to beluga sturgeon trade and this special rule as follows:
Aquacultured beluga sturgeon products. Eggs, larvae, fingerlings, or other products derived from Huso huso captive-bred
or grown in captivity for commercial purposes starting at least at the F1 generation in captivity ( i.e. , captive-bred for at
least one generation).
Beluga caviar. Processed unfertilized eggs from female Huso huso intended for human consumption, including products
containing such eggs (e.g., cosmetics).
Beluga meat. Excised muscle tissue of Huso huso destined for human consumption.
Black Sea. The contiguous waters of the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov.
CITES. The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora.
Export. The transport of a beluga sturgeon specimen out of its country of origin.
Hatchery-origin beluga sturgeon. Specimens of Huso huso captive-bred solely in the littoral states, primarily for
reintroduction and stock enhancement purposes. Such specimens can occur in the natural marine environment of the
littoral states.
Live or living beluga sturgeon. Any living specimen of Huso huso , including viable unfertilized or fertilized eggs, larvae,
fingerlings, juveniles, and adults.
Littoral states. Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Georgia, Islamic Republic of Iran, Kazakhstan, Romania, Russian Federation, Serbia
and Montenegro, Turkey, Turkmenistan, and Ukraine.
Re-export. Export of beluga sturgeon specimens that were previously imported.
Wild beluga sturgeon. Specimens of Huso huso born and reared in the natural marine environment within the current or
former geographic range of the species.
(2) What activities involving beluga sturgeon are affected by this rule? (i) International trade in beluga sturgeon. Except
as provided in paragraphs (y)(3) and (y)(5) of this section, all prohibitions and provisions of §§ 17.31(a) and 17.32 apply to
the international trade in beluga sturgeon, including its parts and derivatives. Live beluga sturgeon remain subject to all the
prohibitions and provisions of §§ 17.31(a) and 17.32.
(ii) Trade without CITES documents. Except as provided in paragraph (y)(3) of this section, you may not import, export, or
re-export, or present for export or re-export, beluga sturgeon or beluga sturgeon products without valid CITES permits and
other permits and licenses issued under parts 13, 17, and 23 of this chapter.
(iii) Commercial activity. Except as provided in paragraphs (y)(3) and (5) of this section and § 17.32, you may not sell or
offer for sale, deliver, receive, carry, transport, or ship in interstate or foreign commerce in the course of a commercial
activity any beluga sturgeon or beluga sturgeon products.
(iv) It is unlawful for any person subject to the jurisdiction of the United States to commit, attempt to commit, solicit to
commit, or cause to be committed any acts described in paragraphs (y)(2)(ii) and (iii) of this section.
(3) What activities are exempted from threatened species permits by this rule? (i) Import, export or re-export, and
interstate and foreign commerce involving certain caviar and meat obtained from beluga sturgeon. You may import, export
or re-export, or conduct interstate or foreign commerce in beluga sturgeon caviar and meat without a threatened species
permit issued according to § 17.32 only if the caviar and meat are derived from wild or hatchery-origin beluga sturgeon that
were caught and processed in the littoral states, or the caviar and meat are exempt from permits because they originate

from qualifying aquaculture facilities outside of littoral states ( see paragraph (y)(5) of this section). Also, the provisions in
parts 13, 14, and 23 of this chapter and the following requirements must be met:
(A) Beluga sturgeon caviar, including beluga sturgeon caviar in interstate commerce in the United States, must be labeled
in accordance with the CITES labeling requirements in 50 CFR part 23.
(B) The shipment must be accompanied by a valid CITES permit or certificate upon import, export, or re-export.
(C) For each shipment covered by this exemption, the country of origin and each country of re-export, and the country of
import involved in the trade of a particular shipment, must have designated both a CITES Management Authority and
Scientific Authority, and have not been identified by the CITES Conference of the Parties, the CITES Standing Committee,
or in a Notification from the CITES Secretariat as a country from which Parties should not accept permits for beluga
sturgeon or all CITES-listed species in general.
(D) The littoral state from which the beluga sturgeon caviar or meat originated has complied with all of the requirements
shown in paragraph (y)(4) of this section, and none of the exporting, importing, or re-exporting countries involved in the
commercial activity has been subject to an administrative trade restriction or suspension as outlined in paragraphs (y)(6)
and (7) of this section.
(E) Any relevant aquaculture facility located outside of a littoral state has complied with all of the requirements shown in
paragraph (y)(5) of this section.
(ii) Personal and household effects. You may import, export, or re-export, or conduct interstate or foreign commerce in
beluga sturgeon specimens that qualify as personal or household effects under 50 CFR part 23 without a threatened
species permit otherwise required under § 17.32. Trade suspensions or trade restrictions administratively imposed by the
Service under paragraphs (y)(6) or (y)(7) of this section may also apply to personal and household effects of beluga
sturgeon caviar.
(4) What must beluga sturgeon littoral states do to be authorized under the special rule to export to the United
States? The following requirements apply to the littoral states wishing to export beluga caviar or beluga meat to the United
States without the need for a threatened species permit issued under § 17.32. These requirements apply to all shipments
of beluga caviar and beluga meat that originate in the littoral states, even if the shipments are re-exported to the United
States via an intermediary country. ( See paragraph (y)(7) of this section for more information on the Service's biennial
reviews under the special rule.)
(i) Basin-wide beluga sturgeon management plans. By September 6, 2005, each littoral state wishing to export beluga
caviar or beluga meat to the United States without the need for a threatened species permit issued under § 17.32 must
submit to the Service's Division of Scientific Authority a copy of a cooperative management plan for its respective basin
( i.e. , Black Sea or Caspian Sea) that addresses Huso huso conservation. Each of these two basin-wide management
plans must be agreed to by all of the littoral states (not just exporting nations) in the Black Sea or the Caspian Sea, as
appropriate. Upon receipt, the Division of Scientific Authority will review these basin-wide management plans within 90
days for completeness and clarity. If any elements of the management plans are missing or unclear, we will ask the
appropriate littoral states to provide additional information within 60 days of the date we contact them. If the littoral states
fail to respond or fail to submit basin-wide management plans by the specified deadline, or if we are unable to confirm that
all littoral states are signatories to those plans, we will immediately suspend trade with all littoral states in the given basin
(Caspian Sea or Black Sea) until we are satisfied that such management plans exist. Submission of documents in English
may help expedite the Service's review. These cooperative management plans must contain the following elements:
(A) A clear statement of the recovery and management objectives of the plan, including a specification of the stock(s)
concerned, a definition of what constitutes over-fishing for that stock, and a rebuilding objective and schedule for that
stock;
(B) A statement of standard regulations and habitat improvement strategies (e.g., size limits, target harvest rates, quotas,
seasons, fishing gear, effort caps, fish passage improvement, water quality controls) to be utilized by the nations involved;
(C) A complete statement of the specific regulatory, monitoring, and research requirements that each cooperating nation
must implement to be in compliance with the management plan;
(D) A complete description of how stock survey data and fisheries data are used to establish annual catch and export
quotas, including a full explanation of any models used and the assumptions underlying those models;
(E) Procedures under which the nations may implement and enforce alternative management measures that achieve the
same conservation benefits for beluga sturgeon as the standards mentioned in paragraph (y)(4)(i)(B) of this section; and
(F) A complete schedule by which nations must take particular actions to be in compliance with the plan.
(ii) National regulations. By September 6, 2005, each littoral state wishing to export beluga caviar or beluga meat to the
United States under this special rule must provide the Service's Division of Scientific Authority with copies of national
legislation and regulations that implement the basin-wide cooperative management plan described in paragraph (y)(4)(i) of
this section, including regulations pertaining to the harvest, trade, aquaculture, restocking, and processing of beluga

sturgeon. Upon receipt, the Division of Scientific Authority will review these national laws and regulations within 90 days for
completeness and clarity. If any elements of the national legislation or national fishery regulations are missing or unclear,
we will ask the appropriate littoral states to provide additional information within 60 days of the date we contact them. If the
littoral states fail to respond or fail to submit copies of national laws and regulations by the specified deadline, we will
immediately suspend trade with the given littoral states until we are satisfied that such laws and regulations are in effect.
Submission of documents in English may help expedite the Service's review.
(iii) CITES compliance. Trade in beluga sturgeon specimens must comply with CITES requirements in 50 CFR part 23.
Except for specimens that qualify as personal or household effects under 50 CFR part 23, all beluga sturgeon specimens,
including those exempted from threatened species permits under this special rule, must be accompanied by valid CITES
documents upon import, export, or re-export. Beluga sturgeon caviar, including beluga sturgeon caviar in interstate
commerce in the United States, must be labeled in accordance with the CITES labeling requirements in 50 CFR part 23.
(iv) Initial reporting period. Until September 6, 2005, no threatened species permits will be required for the import, export,
re-export, or interstate or foreign commerce of beluga sturgeon caviar and meat that originated in the littoral states, in
order to provide the littoral states time to submit the required documentation. After this 6-month period, the exemption from
threatened species permits will continue only while the Service reviews littoral state compliance with paragraphs (y)(4)(i)
through (iv) of this section. If this review demonstrates that the provisions of this special rule are not met, the Service will
announce and institute trade restrictions or suspensions in beluga sturgeon caviar or meat with one or more littoral states
as per paragraph (y)(7) of this section.
(v) Biennial reports. Littoral state governments wishing to export specimens of beluga sturgeon caviar or meat to the
United States under this special rule must provide to the Service's Division of Scientific Authority reports containing the
most recent information available on the status of the species, following the information guidelines specified below. The
Service must receive the first report no later than December 1, 2005, and every 2 years thereafter on the anniversary of
that date. Starting in December 2005, and thereafter on a biennial basis, the Service will review the national reports within
90 days of receiving them and any other pertinent information on wild beluga sturgeon conservation. If any elements of the
biennial reports are missing or unclear, the Service will ask the appropriate littoral states to provide additional information
within 60 days of the date we contact them. If the littoral states fail to respond or fail to submit biennial reports by the
specified deadline, we will immediately suspend trade with the given littoral states ( see paragraph (y)(7) of this section for
details on how such a suspension would be instituted and announced). Submission of documents in English may help
expedite the Service's review. We propose to use these reviews to determine whether littoral state management programs
are leading to recovery of wild beluga sturgeon stocks. For each littoral state, the following information must be provided in
the biennial reports:
(A) A description of the specific fishery regulations that affect the harvest of Huso huso in the respective littoral state, with
any changes from the previous report highlighted;
(B) A description of any revisions to the cooperative management program mentioned in paragraph (y)(4)(i) of this section,
including any new models, assumptions, or equations used to set harvest and export quotas;
(C) New information obtained in the last 2 years on beluga sturgeon distribution, stock size, models used for quota-setting,
spawning activity, habitat use, hatchery programs and results, or other relevant subjects;
(D) A summary of law enforcement activities undertaken in the last 2 years, and a description of any changes in programs
to prevent poaching and smuggling, including indicators of their effectiveness;
(E) A summary of the revenues generated by the commercial exploitation of beluga sturgeon in the respective littoral state,
and a summary of any documented conservation benefits resulting from the commercial harvest program in that country
(e.g., revenues allocated to hatchery and restocking programs or research programs); and
(F) Export data for the previous two calendar years.
(5) Can aquacultured beluga sturgeon products be exempt from threatened species permits if the products originate
outside the littoral states? We will consider exemptions from threatened species permits for beluga caviar and meat
obtained from aquaculture facilities outside the littoral states. These exemptions will be for individual facilities, and would
allow aquacultured beluga caviar and meat originating from these facilities to be imported, exported, re-exported, or traded
in interstate and foreign commerce without threatened species permits issued under Section 10 of the Act. Aquaculture
facilities within the United States could also be exempt from prohibitions against take for purposes of harvesting caviar or
meat ( i.e. , killing of beluga sturgeon), or for conducting activities involving research to enhance the survival or propagation
of the species. Facilities outside the littoral states wishing to obtain such exemptions must submit a written request to the
Division of Management Authority at the address provided at 50 CFR 2.1(b) and provide information that shows, at a
minimum, all of the following:
(i) The facility in question is using best management practices to prevent the escape of beluga sturgeon and disease
pathogens into local ecosystems, as certified by the relevant regulatory agency. In the case of the United States, the
relevant regulatory authority will be the state agency with jurisdiction over aquaculture. In the case of foreign aquaculture
facilities outside the littoral states, the relevant regulatory agency will be the designated CITES Management Authority with

jurisdiction over sturgeon. Best management practices that affect the applicant's facility must be part of the application and
available for Service review.
(ii) The facility in question has entered into a formal agreement with one or more littoral states to study, protect, or
otherwise enhance the survival of wild beluga sturgeon. Copies of such agreements must be provided.
(iii) The facility in question does not rely on wild beluga sturgeon for broodstock. Proof of broodstock origin, including
relevant CITES permits that accompanied broodstock specimens upon import into the United States, must be part of the
application.
(iv) Exemptions granted under paragraph (y)(5) of this section shall not apply to trade (import, export, re-export, or
interstate and foreign commerce) in live beluga sturgeon, and may be revoked at any time if the Service determines that
any of the criteria shown in paragraphs (y)(5)(i) through (iii) of this section are not met by the facility. Applicants will be
required to submit biennial reports on their compliance with paragraphs (y)(5)(i) through (iii) of this section, starting on the
second anniversary of any programmatic exemption granted to the applicants. These biennial reports must show that
exempted facilities have actively cooperated with one or more littoral states in a meaningful way to support beluga
sturgeon conservation. Any beluga caviar originating from aquaculture facilities outside the littoral states must comply with
CITES caviar-labeling requirements, even in interstate commerce within the United States. We will publish an information
notice if the Service grants a programmatic exemption to any aquaculture facility outside the littoral states, and announce
such actions through our website and posting notices at our wildlife ports of entry. We will follow the provisions of
paragraph (y)(7) of this section to announce restrictions or revocations of such programmatic exemptions, based on our
review of facilities' biennial reports.
(6) How will the Service inform the public of CITES restrictions on trade in beluga sturgeon? We will issue a public bulletin
that identifies a restriction or suspension of trade in specimens of beluga sturgeon and post it on our websites
( http://le.fws.gov and http://international.fws.gov ) and at our staffed wildlife ports of entry if any criterion in paragraphs (y)
(6)(i) or (ii) of this section is met:
(i) The country is lacking a designated Management Authority or Scientific Authority for the issuance of valid CITES
documents or their equivalent for beluga sturgeon.
(ii) The country is identified in any action adopted by the CITES Conference of the Parties, the CITES Standing
Committee, or in a Notification to the Parties issued by the CITES Secretariat as a country from which Parties are asked
not to accept shipments of specimens of beluga sturgeon or all CITES-listed species.
Note to paragraph ( y)(6):
A listing of all countries that have not designated either a Management Authority or
Scientific Authority, or that have been identified as countries from which Parties should
not accept permits, is available by writing to the Division of Management Authority at
the address provided at 50 CFR 2.1(b).
(7) How will the Service set trade restrictions or prohibitions under the special rule? The Service's Division of Scientific
Authority will conduct a biennial review of beluga sturgeon conservation based on information in the cooperative basinwide management plans, national regulations and laws, and biennial reports (submitted as per paragraph (y)(4) of this
section, and, for aquaculture facilities, as per paragraph (y)(5)(iv) of this section). We will combine that review with a
review of other relevant information (e.g., scientific literature, law enforcement data, government-to-government
consultations) to determine whether littoral state management programs and aquaculture operations are effectively
achieving conservation benefits for beluga sturgeon. Based on this information, or the failure to obtain it, the Service may
restrict or prohibit trade from a littoral state, a re-exporting intermediary country, or an entire basin ( i.e. , the Caspian Sea
or Black Sea) or a specific aquaculture facility outside the littoral states if we determine that the conservation or
management status of beluga sturgeon has been adversely affected and the continued recovery of beluga sturgeon may
be compromised. The decision to restrict or prohibit trade in beluga sturgeon products on a national, basin, or region-wide
scale will depend on the scope of the problem observed, the magnitude of the threat to wild beluga sturgeon, and whether
remedial action is necessary at a national, basin, or region-wide scale.
(i) Trade restrictions or suspensions will result basin-wide, for specific littoral states, or for non-littoral state aquaculture
facilities under one or more of the following scenarios:
(A) Failure to submit any of the reports, legislation, and management plans described in paragraph (y)(4) of this section, or
failure to respond to requests for additional information;
(B) A change in regional cooperative management that threatens the recovery of wild beluga sturgeon;
(C) A change in littoral state laws or regulations that compromises beluga sturgeon recovery or survival in the wild;
(D) Adoption of scientifically unsound hatchery practices or restocking programs for beluga sturgeon;
(E) A decline in wild Huso huso populations, as documented in national reports outlined above or the scientific literature,
that goes unaddressed by regional or national management programs;

(F) Failure to address poaching or smuggling in beluga sturgeon, their parts, or products in the littoral states or reexporting countries, as documented in national reports described above or other law enforcement sources;
(G) Failure of the littoral states to address the loss of beluga sturgeon habitat quality or quantity;
(H) Failure of the littoral states or re-exporting countries to follow the caviar-labeling recommendations of the CITES
Parties (currently embodied in Resolution Conf. 12.7);
(I) Recommendations from the CITES Standing Committee to suspend trade in beluga sturgeon from one or more
countries; or
(J) An aquaculture facility outside the littoral states has been issued a programmatic exemption from threatened species
permits under paragraph (y)(5) of this section, but is not abiding by the provisions of paragraphs (y)(5)(i) through (iii) of this
section, or, based on the biennial reports required under paragraph (y)(5) of this section, has not actively cooperated with
one or more littoral states in a meaningful way to support beluga sturgeon conservation.
(K) Any other natural or human-induced phenomenon that threatens the survival or recovery of beluga sturgeon.
(ii) We will publish an information notice in the Federal Register, as well as on our Web site and at our wildlife ports of
entry, if the Service's Division of Scientific Authority administratively suspends or restricts trade in beluga sturgeon
products after determining that wild beluga sturgeon stock status worsens or threats to the species increase. This
information notice will provide:
(A) The problem(s) identified in the biennial reports or other salient documents.
(B) The scope of the problem and the number of nations involved.
(C) The scope of the trade restriction or suspension we are imposing, including products covered, duration of the
restriction or suspension, and criteria for lifting it and reinstating any exemption to threatened species permits.
(D) How the public can provide input, make comments, and recommend remedial action to withdraw the trade measures
imposed.
(z) Gila trout ( Oncorhynchus gilae ). (1) Except as noted in paragraph (z)(2) of this section, all prohibitions of 50 CFR
17.31 and exemptions of 50 CFR 17.32 apply to the Gila trout.
(i) No person may possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, ship, import, or export, by any means whatsoever, any such
species taken in violation of this section or in violation of applicable fish and conservation laws and regulations
promulgated by the States of New Mexico or Arizona.
(ii) It is unlawful for any person to attempt to commit, solicit another to commit, or cause to be committed any offense listed
in paragraph (z)(1)(i) of this section.
(2) In the following instances you may take Gila trout in accordance with applicable State fish and wildlife conservation
laws and regulations to protect this species in the States of New Mexico or Arizona:
(i) Fishing activities authorized under New Mexico or Arizona laws and regulations; and
(ii) Educational purposes, scientific purposes, the enhancement of propagation or survival of the species, zoological
exhibition, and other conservation purposes consistent with the Endangered Species Act.
(3) The four relict populations of Gila trout (Main Diamond Creek, South Diamond Creek, Spruce Creek, and Whiskey
Creek) will not be opened to fishing.
(4) Any changes to State recreational fishing regulations will be made by the States in collaboration with the Service.
(5) Any violation of State applicable fish and wildlife conservation laws or regulations with respect to the taking of this
species is also a violation of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended.
(aa) Shovelnose sturgeon ( Scaphirhynchus platorynchus ). (1) Within the geographic areas set forth in paragraph (aa)(2)
of this section, except as expressly noted in this paragraph, take of any shovelnose sturgeon, shovelnose-pallid sturgeon
hybrids, or their roe associated with or related to a commercial fishing activity is prohibited. Capture of shovelnose
sturgeon or shovelnose-pallid sturgeon hybrids in commercial fishing gear is not prohibited if it is accidental or incidental to
otherwise legal commercial fishing activities, such as commercial fishing targeting nonsturgeon species, provided the
animal is released immediately upon discovery, with all roe intact, at the point of capture.
(2) The shovelnose and shovelnose-pallid sturgeon hybrid populations covered by this special rule occur in portions of
Arkansas, Iowa, Illinois, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Missouri, Mississippi, Montana, North Dakota, Nebraska, South
Dakota, and Tennessee. The specific areas are:
(i) The portion of the Missouri River in Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Montana, North Dakota, Nebraska, and South Dakota;

(ii) The portion of the Mississippi River downstream from the Melvin Price Locks and Dam (Lock and Dam 26) in Arkansas,
Illinois, Kentucky, Louisiana, Missouri, Mississippi, and Tennessee;
(iii) The Platte River downstream of the Elkhorn River confluence in Nebraska;
(iv) The portion of the Kansas River downstream from the Bowersock Dam in Kansas;
(v) The Yellowstone River downstream of the Bighorn River confluence in North Dakota and Montana; and
(vi) The Atchafalaya River in Louisiana.
(3) A map showing the area covered by this special rule (the area of shared habitat between shovelnose and pallid
sturgeon) follows:
[Please see PDF for image: ER01SE10.000]
(bb) Okaloosa darter ( Etheostoma okaloosae ).
(1) Except as noted in paragraphs (bb)(2) and (bb)(3) of this section, all prohibitions of 50 CFR 17.31 and exemptions of
50 CFR 17.32 apply to the Okaloosa darter.
(i) No person may possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, ship, import, or export, by any means whatsoever, any Okaloosa
darters taken in violation of this section or in violation of applicable State fish and wildlife conservation laws or regulations.
(ii) It is unlawful for any person to attempt to commit, solicit another to commit, or cause to be committed, any offense
listed in this special rule.
(2) The following activities, which may result in incidental take of the Okaloosa darter, are allowed on Eglin Air Force Base
(AFB), provided that the activities occur in accordance with applicable Federal, State, and local laws, and are consistent
with a Service-approved Integrated Natural Resources Management Plan by Eglin AFB and with Eglin AFB's Threatened
and Endangered Species Component Plan:
(i) Prescribed fire for land management to promote a healthy ecosystem;
(ii) Instream habitat restoration;
(iii) Unpaved range road stabilization; and
(iv) Removal or replacement of culverts for the purpose of road decommissioning, improving fish passage, or enhancing
stream habitat.
(3) Scientific research and monitoring activities that may result in incidental take of the Okaloosa darter are allowed,
provided these activities are consistent with a Service-approved Okaloosa darter recovery plan, or otherwise approved by
the Service, whether those activities occur on or off of Eglin AFB.
(4) Take caused by any activities not listed in paragraph (bb)(2) and (bb)(3) of this section is prohibited.
[40 FR 44415, Sept. 26, 1975]
Editorial Note: For Federal Register citations affecting § 17.44, see the List of CFR
Sections Affected, which appears in the Finding Aids section of the printed volume and
at www.govinfo.gov.
Effective Date Note: At 84 FR 48308, Sept. 13, 2019, § 17.44 was amended by
removing the words “and Foskett speckled dace (Rhinichthys osculus subspecies)”
from paragraph (j) introductory text; and in paragraphs (j)(1) and (2), removing the
word “these” and adding in its place the word “this”, effective Oct. 15, 2019.
§ 17.45
Special rules—snails and clams. [Reserved]
§ 17.46
Special rules—crustaceans.
(a) Madison Cave isopod ( Antrolana lira ). (1) All provisions of § 17.31 (a) and (b) apply to this species except that it may
be taken for scientific purposes without Federal permits issued pursuant to these regulations: Provided, that all other
Federal, State, or local laws, regulations, ordinances or other restrictions or limitations have been complied with.
(b) [Reserved]
[47 FR 43701, Oct. 4, 1982]
§ 17.47

Special rules—insects.

(a) Cassius blue butterfly ( Leptotes cassius theonus ), Ceraunus blue butterfly ( Hemiargus ceraunus antibubastus ), and
Nickerbean blue butterfly ( Cyclargus ammon ).
(1) The provisions of § 17.31(c) apply to these species (cassius blue butterfly, ceraunus blue butterfly, nickerbean blue
butterfly), regardless of whether in the wild or in captivity, and also apply to the progeny of any such butterfly.
(2) Any violation of State law will also be a violation of the Act.
(3) Incidental take, that is, take that results from, but is not the purpose of, carrying out an otherwise lawful activity, will not
apply to the cassius blue butterfly, ceraunus blue butterfly, and nickerbean blue butterfly.
(4) Collection of the cassius blue butterfly, ceraunus blue butterfly, and nickerbean blue butterfly is prohibited in coastal
counties south of Interstate 4 and extending to the boundaries of the State of Florida at the endpoints of Interstate 4 at
Tampa and Daytona Beach. Specifically, such activities are prohibited in the following counties: Brevard, Broward,
Charlotte, Collier, De Soto, Hillsborough, Indian River, Lee, Manatee, Pinellas, Sarasota, St. Lucie, Martin, Miami-Dade,
Monroe, Palm Beach, and Volusia.
(b) Dakota skipper ( Hesperia dacotae ). (1) Which populations of the Dakota skipper are covered by this special rule? This
rule covers the distribution of Dakota skipper in the United States.
(2) Prohibitions. Except as noted in paragraph (b)(3) of this section, all prohibitions and provisions of §§ 17.31 and 17.32
apply to the Dakota skipper.
(3) Exemptions from prohibitions. Incidental take of Dakota skipper will not be a violation of section 9 of the Act if it occurs
as a result of the following activities (except where explicitly stated otherwise, these activities must be associated with
livestock ranching):
(i) Fence construction and maintenance.
(ii) Livestock gathering and management. The installation and maintenance of corrals, loading chutes, and other livestock
working facilities must be carefully sited with respect to the location and distribution of important Dakota skipper habitat.
(iii) Development and maintenance of livestock watering facilities.
(iv) Noxious weed control. Incidental take of Dakota skipper that results from spraying of herbicides is not a violation of
section 9 of the Act, except such take that results from broadcast spraying, which is the application of herbicides evenly
across the entire application area. Incidental take that results from mowing to control one or more noxious weed species
would also not be a violation of section 9 of the Act.
(v) Haying. For the purposes of this rule, native haylands do not include lands that had previously been plowed and were
then replanted to native or nonnative vegetation, but native haylands do include areas within transportation (e.g., road,
highway, railroad) rights-of-ways and corridors where native grasses are mowed for hay. Haying of native haylands no
earlier than July 16 (after July 15) would not be a violation of section 9 of the Act. Mowing of replanted grasslands
(grasslands replanted on formerly plowed or cultivated lands) or tame haylands or grasslands (planted hayland or
grassland comprising primarily nonnative grass species, such as smooth brome ( Bromus inermis inermis )) would also not
be a violation of section 9 of the Act at any time of the year.
(vi) Mowing section line rights-of-way and recreational trails. Mowing of section line rights-of-way (typically disturbed soil
that has been contoured for a roadway) would not be a violation of section 9 of the Act. Mowing of recreational trails
(travelways established either through construction or use that are intended for and passable by foot traffic, bicycles, inline skates, wheelchairs, or cross-country skis) would not be a violation of section 9 of the Act, regardless of whether the
trails are associated with livestock ranching.
(vii) Livestock (cattle, bison, or horse) grazing on private, State, or tribal land.
[77 FR 20986, Apr. 6, 2012, as amended at 79 FR 67348, Oct. 24, 2014]
§ 17.48

Special rules—common sponges and other forms. [Reserved]

Subpart E—Similarity of Appearance
Source:
§ 17.50

42 FR 32377, June 24, 1977, unless otherwise noted.
General.

(a) Whenever a species which is not Endangered or Threatened closely resembles an Endangered or Threatened species,
such species may be treated as either Endangered or Threatened if the director makes such determination in accordance
with section 4(e) of the Act and the criteria of paragraph (b) of this section. After the Director has made such determination
in accordance with the notification procedures specified in the Act, such species shall appear in the list in § 17.11 (Wildlife)
or § 17.12 (Plants) with the notation “(S/A)” (similarity of appearance) in the “Status” column, following either a letter “E” or
a letter “T” to indicate whether the species is being treated as Endangered or Threatened.

(b) In determining whether to treat a species as Endangered or Threatened due to similarity of appearance, the Director
shall consider the criteria in section 4(e) of the Act, as indicated below:
(1) The degree of difficulty enforcement personnel would have in distinguishing the species, at the point in question, from
an Endangered or Threatened species (including those cases where the criteria for recognition of a species are based on
geographical boundaries);
(2) The additional threat posed to the Endangered or Threatened species by the loss of control occasioned because of the
similarity of appearance; and
(3) The probability that so designating a similar species will substantially facilitate enforcement and further the purposes
and policy of the Act.
[42 FR 32377, June 24, 1977, as amended at 81 FR 51605, Aug. 4, 2016]
§ 17.51

Treatment as endangered or threatened.

(a) Any species listed in § 17.11 or § 17.12, pursuant to § 17.50, shall be treated as Endangered or Threatened, as
indicated in the “Status” column.
(b) All of the provisions of subparts C (Endangered Wildlife), D (Threatened Wildlife), F (Endangered Plants) or G
(Threatened Plants), as appropriate, shall apply to any such species.
§ 17.52

Permits—similarity of appearance.

Upon receipt of a complete application and unless otherwise indicated in a rule found at §§ 17.40 through 17.48, §§ 17.73
through 17.78, or §§ 17.84 through 17.86, the Director may issue permits for any activity otherwise prohibited with a
species designated as endangered or threatened due to its similarity of appearance. Such a permit may authorize a single
transaction, a series of transactions, or a number of activities over a specified period of time.
(a) Application requirements. An application for a permit under this section must be submitted to the Director by the
person who wishes to engage in the prohibited activity. The permit for activities involving interstate commerce of plants
must be obtained by the seller; in the case of wildlife, the permit must be obtained by the buyer. The application must be
submitted on an official application form (Form 3-200) provided by the Service, or must contain the general information and
certification required by § 13.12(a) of this subchapter. It must include, as an attachment, all of the following information:
Documentary evidence, sworn affidavits, or other information to show species identification and the origin of the wildlife or
plant in question. This information may be in the form of hunting licenses, hide seals, official stamps, export documents,
bills of sales, certification, expert opinion, or other appropriate information.
(b) Issuance criteria. Upon receiving an application completed in accordance with paragraph (a) of this section, the
Director will decide whether or not a permit should be issued. In making his decision, the Director shall consider, in addition
to the general criteria, in § 13.21(b) of this subchapter, the following factors:
(1) Whether the information submitted by the applicant appears reliable;
(2) Whether the information submitted by the applicant adequately identifies the wildlife or plant in question so as to
distinguish it from any Endangered or Threatened wildlife or plant.
(c) Permit conditions. In addition to the general conditions set forth in part 13 of this subchapter, every permit issued under
this section shall be subject to the following special conditions:
(1) If indicated in the permit, a special mark, to be specified in the permit, must be applied to the wildlife or plant, and
remain for the time designated in the permit;
(2) A copy of the permit or an identification label, which includes the scientific name and the permit number, must
accompany the wildlife or plant or its container during the course of any activity subject to these regulations.
(d) Duration of permits. The duration of a permit issued under this section shall be designated on the face of the permit.
[42 FR 32377, June 24, 1977, as amended at 81 FR 51605, Aug. 4, 2016]

Subpart F—Endangered Plants
§ 17.61

Prohibitions.

(a) Except as provided in a permit issued pursuant to § 17.62 or § 17.63, it is unlawful for any person subject to the
jurisdiction of the United States to commit, to attempt to commit, to solicit another to commit, or to cause to be committed,
any of the acts described in paragraphs (b) through (e) of this section in regard to any Endangered plant.

(b) Import or export. It is unlawful to import or to export any Endangered plant. Any shipment in transit through the United
States is an importation and an exportation, whether or not it has entered the country for customs purposes.
(c) Remove and reduce to possession. (1) It is unlawful to remove and reduce to possession any endangered plant from
an area under Federal jurisdiction.
(2) Notwithstanding paragraph (c)(1) of this section, any employee or agent of the Service, any other Federal land
management agency, or a State conservation agency, who is designated by that agency for such purposes, may, when
acting in the course of official duties, remove and reduce to possession endangered plants from areas under Federal
jurisdiction without a permit if such action is necessary to:
(i) Care for a damaged or diseased specimen;
(ii) Dispose of a dead specimen; or
(iii) Salvage a dead specimen which may be useful for scientific study.
(3) Any removal and reduction to possession pursuant to paragraph (c)(2) of this section must be reported in writing to the
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Division of Law Enforcement, P.O. Box 28006, Washington, DC 20005, within 5 days. The
specimen may only be retained, disposed of, or salvaged in accordance with written directions from the Service.
(4) Notwithstanding paragraph (c)(1) of this section, any qualified employee or agent of a State conservation agency which
is a party to a Cooperative Agreement with the Service in accordance with section 6(c) of the Act, who is designated by
that agency for such purposes, may, when acting in the course of official duties, remove and reduce to possession from
areas under Federal jurisdiction those endangered plants which are covered by an approved cooperative agreement for
conservation programs in accordance with the Cooperative Agreement, provided that such removal is not reasonably
anticipated to result in:
(i) The death or permanent damage of the specimens;
(ii) The removal of the specimen from the State where the removal occurred; or
(iii) The introduction of the specimen so removed, or of any propagules derived from such a specimen, into an area beyond
the historical range of the species.
(d) Interstate or foreign commerce. It is unlawful to deliver, receive, carry, transport, or ship in interstate or foreign
commerce, by any means whatsoever, and in the course of a commercial activity, an endangered plant.
(e) Sale or offer for sale. (1) It is unlawful to sell or to offer for sale in interstate or foreign commerce any endangered
plant.
(2) An advertisement for the sale of any endangered plant which carries a warning to the effect that no sale may be
consummated until a permit has been obtained from the Service, shall not be considered an offer for sale within the
meaning of this paragraph.
[44 FR 54060, Sept. 18, 1979, as amended at 50 FR 39690, Sept. 30, 1985]
§ 17.62

Permits for scientific purposes or for the enhancement of propagation or survival.

Upon receipt of a complete application the Director may issue a permit authorizing any activity otherwise prohibited by § 
17.61, in accordance with the issuance criteria of this section, for scientific purposes or for enhancing the propagation or
survival of endangered plants. (See § 17.72 for permits for threatened plants.) Such a permit may authorize a single
transaction, a series of transactions, or a number of activities over a specified period of time.
(a) Application requirements. A person wishing to get a permit for an activity prohibited by § 17.61 submits an application
to conduct activities under this paragraph. For interstate commerce activities the seller gets the permit for plants coming
from cultivated stock and the buyer gets the permit if the plants are taken from the wild. The Service provides application
Form 3-200, or you may submit the general information and certification required by § 13.12(a) of this subchapter.
Application requirements differ for permits issued for plants taken from the wild (excluding seeds), seeds and cultivated
plants, or herbarium specimens. You must attach the following information and any other information requested by the
Director.
(1) For activities involving plants obtained from the wild (excluding seeds), provide the following information:
(i) The scientific names of the plants sought to be covered by the permit;
(ii) The estimated number of specimens sought to be covered by the permit;
(iii) The year, country, and approximate place where taking occurred or will occur;

(iv) If the activities would involve removal and reduction to possession of a plant from an area under Federal jurisdiction,
the year, State, county, or any other description such as place name, township, and range designation that will precisely
place the location where the proposed removal and reduction to possession will occur, the name of the Federal entity
having jurisdiction over the area, and the name, title, address, and phone number of the person in charge of the area.
(v) The name and address of the institution or other facility where the plant sought to be covered by the permit will be used
or maintained;
(vi) A brief description of the applicant's expertise and facilities as related to the proposed activity;
(vii) A statement of the applicant's willingness to participate in a cooperative propagation program, and to maintain or
contribute data relating to such efforts; and
(viii) A statement of the reasons why the applicant is justified in obtaining the permit, including:
(A) The activities sought to be authorized by the permit and the relationship of such activities to scientific purposes or
enhancing the propagation or survival of the species; and
(B) The planned disposition of such plant upon termination of the activities sought to be authorized.
(2) For activities involving seeds and cultivated plants, provide the following information:
(i) The scientific names of the plants sought to be covered by the permit;
(ii) A statement of the applicant's willingness to participate in a cooperative propagation program, and to maintain or
contribute data relating to the success of such efforts;
(iii) A justification of the activities sought to be authorized by the permit and the relationship of such activities to scientific
purposes or enhancing the propagation or survival of the species; and
(iv) If the activities would involve seeds obtained from the wild, additional information to evaluate the effects of such taking
upon the reproductive potential of the species where the taking will occur.
(v) If the activities would involve removal and reduction to possession of seeds from an area under Federal jurisdiction, the
year, State, county or any other description such as place name, township, and range designation that will precisely place
the location where the proposed removal and reduction to possession will occur, the name of the Federal entity having
jurisdiction over the area and the name, title, address, and phone number of the person in charge of the area.
(3) For importation or exportation involving the non-commercial loan, exchange, or donation of herbarium or other
preserved, dried, or embedded museum specimens of any endangered species between scientists or scientific institutions,
provide the following information:
(i) The name and address of the institution or other facility where the plants sought to be covered by the permit will be used
or maintained; and
(ii) A justification of the activities sought to be authorized by the permit and the relationship of such activities to scientific
purposes or enhancing the propagation or survival of the species.
(4) When the activity applied for involves a species also regulated by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered
Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, additional requirements in part 23 of this subchapter must be met.
(b) Issuance criteria. Upon receiving an application completed in accordance with paragraph (a) of this section, the
Director will decide whether or not a permit should be issued. In making his decision, the Director shall consider, in addition
to the general criteria in § 13.21(b) of this subchapter, the following factors:
(1) Whether the purpose for which the permit is requested will enhance the survival of the species in the wild;
(2) Whether the purpose for which the permit is requested will enhance the propagation of the species;
(3) The opinions or views of scientists or other persons or organizations having expertise concerning the plant or other
matters germane to the application; and
(4) Whether the expertise, facilities, or other resources available to the applicant appear adequate to successfully
accomplish the objectives stated in the application.
(c) Permit conditions. In addition to the general conditions set forth in part 13 of this subchapter, every permit issued under
this section shall be subject to the following special conditions:
(1) If requested, the permittee shall submit to the Director a written report of the activities authorized by the permit. Such
report must be postmarked by the date specified in the permit or otherwise requested by the Director.
(2) A copy of the permit or an identification label, which includes the scientific name, the permit number, and a statement
that the plant is of “wild origin” or “cultivated origin” must accompany the plant or its container during the course of any

activity subject to these regulations, unless the specimens meet the special conditions referred to in paragraph (c)(3) of
this section.
(3) In the case of plants that are herbarium specimens, or other preserved, dried or embedded museum specimens to be
imported or exported as a noncommercial loan, exchange or donation between scientists or scientific institutions, the
names and addresses of the consignor and consignee must be on each package or container. A description such as
“herbarium specimens” and the code letters assigned by the Service to the scientists or scientific institution must be
entered on the Customs declaration form affixed to each package or container. If the specimens are of taxa also regulated
by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, specific information must be
entered on the Customs declaration label affixed to the outside of each shipping container or package. See part 23 of this
subchapter for requirements for trade in CITES specimens between registered scientific institutions.
(d) Duration of permit. The duration of a permit issued under this section shall be designated on the face of the permit.
[44 FR 54060, Sept. 18, 1979, as amended at 50 FR 39690, Sept. 30, 1985; 63 FR 52635, Oct. 1, 1998; 79 FR 30419,
May 27, 2014]
§ 17.63

Economic hardship permits.

Upon receipt of a complete application, the Director may issue a permit authorizing any activity otherwise prohibited by § 
17.61, in accordance with Section 10(b) of the Act and the issuance criteria of this section, in order to prevent undue
economic hardship. No such exemption may be granted for the importation or exportation of a species also listed in
Appendix I of the Convention on International Trade in endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, if the specimen
would be used in a commercial activity.
(a) Application requirements. An application for a permit under this section must be submitted to the Director by the
person allegedly suffering undue economic hardship because his desired activity is prohibited. The application must be
submitted on an official application form (Form 3-200) provided by the Service, or must contain the general information and
certification required by § 13.12(a) of this subchapter. It must include, as an attachment, all of the information required in § 
17.62 plus the following additional information.
(1) The possible legal or economic alternatives to the activity sought to be authorized by the permit.
(2) A full statement, accompanied by copies of all relevant correspondence, showing the applicant's involvement with the
plant sought to be covered by the permit (as well as his involvement with similar plants). The applicant should include
information on that portion of his income derived from activities involving such plants in relation to the balance of his
income during the calendar year immediately preceding either the Federal Register notice of review of the status of the
species or proposed rulemaking to list the species as Endangered, whichever is earlier.
(3) Where applicable, proof of a contract or other binding legal obligation which:
(i) Deals specifically with the plant sought to be covered by the permit;
(ii) Became binding prior to the date of the Federal Register notice of review of the status of the species or proposed
rulemaking to list the species as endangered, whichever is earlier; and
(iii) Will cause monetary loss of a given dollar amount if the permit sought under this section is not granted.
(b) Issuance criteria. Upon receiving an application completed in accordance with paragraph (a) of this section, the
Director will decide whether or not a permit should be issued for economic hardship, as defined in section 10(b) of the Act.
In making his decision, the Director shall consider, in addition to the general criteria in § 13.21(b) of this subchapter, the
following factors:
(1) Whether the purpose for which the permit is requested will significantly affect the survival of the species in the wild;
(2) The economic, legal, or other alternatives or relief available to the applicant;
(3) The amount of evidence that the applicant was in fact party to a contract or other binding legal obligation which:
(i) Deals specifically with the plant sought to be covered by the permit; and
(ii) Became binding prior to the date of the Federal Register notice of review of the status of the species or proposed
rulemaking to list the species as endangered, whichever is earlier;
(4) The severity of economic hardship which the contract or other binding legal obligation referred to in paragraph (b)(3) of
this section would cause if the permit were denied;
(5) Where applicable, the portion of the applicant's income which would be lost if the permit were denied, and the
relationship of that portion to the balance of his income.

(c) Permit conditions. In addition to the general conditions set forth in part 13 of this subchapter, every permit issued under
this section may be subject to any of the following special conditions:
(1) If requested, the permittee shall submit to the Director a written report of the activities authorized by the permit. Such
report must be postmarked by the date specified in the permit or otherwise requested by the Director.
(2) If requested, the permittee shall report to the Service's office designated in the permit the death, destruction or loss of
all living plants covered by the permit. Such report must be postmarked by the date specified in the permit or otherwise
requested by the Director.
(d) Duration of permit. The duration of a permit issued under this section shall be designated on the face of the permit. No
permit issued under this section shall be valid for more than one year from the date of a Federal Register notice of review
of the status of the species or proposed rulemaking to list the species as endangered, whichever is earlier.
[44 FR 54060, Sept. 18, 1979]
Subpart G—Threatened Plants
§ 17.71

Prohibitions.

(a) Except as provided in a permit issued under this subpart, all of the provisions of § 17.61 shall apply to threatened
species of plants that were added to the List of Endangered and Threatened Plants in § 17.12(h) on or prior to September
26, 2019, with the following exception: Seeds of cultivated specimens of species treated as threatened shall be exempt
from all the provisions of § 17.61, provided that a statement that the seeds are of “cultivated origin” accompanies the seeds
or their container during the course of any activity otherwise subject to the regulations in this subpart.
(b) In addition to any provisions of this part, any employee or agent of the Service or of a State conservation agency that is
operating a conservation program pursuant to the terms of a cooperative agreement with the Service in accordance with
section 6(c) of the Act, who is designated by that agency for such purposes, may, when acting in the course of official
duties, remove and reduce to possession from areas under Federal jurisdiction those threatened species of plants that are
covered by an approved cooperative agreement to carry out conservation programs.
(c) Whenever a species-specific rule in §§ 17.73 through 17.78 applies to a threatened species, the species-specific rule
will contain all the applicable prohibitions and exceptions.
[84 FR 44760, Aug. 27, 2019]

§ 17.72

Permits—general.

Upon receipt of a complete application, the Director may issue a permit authorizing any activity otherwise prohibited with
regard to threatened plants. The permit shall be governed by the provisions of this section unless a special rule applicable
to the plant is provided in §§ 17.73 to 17.78. A permit issued under this section must be for one of the following: scientific
purposes, the enhancement of the propagation or survival of threatened species, economic hardship, botanical or
horticultural exhibition, educational purposes, or other activities consistent with the purposes and policy of the Act. Such a
permit may authorize a single transaction, a series of transactions, or a number of activities over a specified period of time.
(a) Application requirements. A person wishing to get a permit for an activity prohibited by § 17.71 submits an application
to conduct activities under this paragraph. For interstate commerce activities the seller gets the permit for plants coming
from cultivated stock and the buyer gets the permit if the plants are taken from the wild. The Service provides Form 3-200
for the application or you may submit the general information and certification required by § 13.12(a) of this subchapter.
Application requirements differ for permits issued for plants taken from the wild (excluding seeds), seeds and cultivated
plants, or herbarium specimens. You must attach the following information and any other information requested by the
Director.
(1) For activities involving plants obtained from the wild (excluding seeds), provide the following information:
(i) The scientific names of the plants sought to be covered by the permit;
(ii) The estimated number of specimens sought to be covered by the permit;
(iii) The year, country, and approximate place where taking occurred or will occur;
(iv) If the activities would involve removal and reduction to possession of a plant from an area under Federal jurisdiction,
the year, State, county or any other description such as place name, township, and range designation that will precisely
place the location where the proposed removal and reduction to possession will occur, the name of the Federal entity
having jurisdiction over the area and the name, title, address, and phone number of the person in charge of the area.
(v) A brief description of the applicant's expertise and facilities as related to the proposed activity;

(vi) A justification of the activities sought to be authorized by the permit and the relationship of such activities to scientific
purposes, enhancing the propagation or survival of the species, or other objectives consistent with the purposes and policy
of the Act; and
(vii) A statement of the applicant's willingness to participate in a cooperative propagation program, and to maintain or
contribute data relating to such efforts.
(2) For activities involving seeds obtained from the wild and cultivated plants, provide the following information:
(i) The scientific names of the plants sought to be covered by the permit;
(ii) A statement of the applicant's willingness to participate in a cooperative propagation program, and to maintain or
contribute data relating to the success of such efforts; and
(iii) A justification of the activities sought to be authorized by the permit and the relationship of such activities to scientific
purposes, enhancing the propagation or survival of the species, or other objectives consistent with the purposes and policy
of the Act.
(iv) If the activities would involve removal and reduction to possession of seeds from an area under Federal jurisdiction, the
year, State, county, or any other description such as place name, township, and range designation that will precisely place
the location where the proposed removal and reduction to possession will occur, the name of the Federal entity having
jurisdiction over the area and the name, title, address, and phone number of the person in charge of the area.
(3) For importation or exportation involving the non-commercial loan, exchange or donation of herbarium or other
preserved, dried or embedded museum specimens of all threatened species between scientists or scientific institutions,
provide the following information:
(i) The name and address of the institution or other facility where the plants sought to be covered by the permit will be used
or maintained; and
(ii) A justification of the activities sought to be authorized by the permit and the relationship of such activities to scientific
purposes, enhancing the propagation or survival of the species, or other objectives consistent with the purposes and policy
of the Act.
(4) When the activity applied for involves a species also regulated by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered
Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, additional requirements in part 23 of this subchapter must be met.
(b) Issuance criteria. Upon receiving an application completed in accordance with paragraph (a) of this section, the
Director will decide whether or not a permit should be issued. In making his decision, the Director shall consider, in addition
to the general criteria in § 13.21(b) of this subchapter, the following factors:
(1) Whether the purpose for which the permit is requested will enhance the survival of the species in the wild;
(2) Whether the purpose for which the permit is requested will enhance the propagation of the species;
(3) The opinions or views of scientists or other persons or organizations having expertise concerning the plant or other
matters germane to the application; and
(4) Whether the expertise, facilities, or other resources available to the applicant appear adequate to successfully
accomplish the objectives stated in the application.
(c) Permit conditions. In addition to the general conditions set forth in part 13 of this subchapter, every permit issued under
this section shall be subject to the following special conditions:
(1) If requested, the permittee shall submit to the Director a written report of the activities authorized by the permit. Such
report must be postmarked by the date specified in the permit or otherwise requested by the Director.
(2) A copy of the permit or an identification label, which includes the scientific name, the permit number, and a statement
that the plant is of “wild orgin” or “cultivated origin” must accompany the plant or its container during the course of any
activity subject to these regulations, unless the specimens meet the special conditions referred to in paragraph (c)(3) of
this section.
(3) In the case of plants that are herbarium specimens, or other preserved, dried, or embedded museum specimens to be
imported or exported as a noncommercial loan exchange or donation between scientists or scientific institutions, the
names and addresses of the consignor and consignee must be on each package or container. A description such as
“herbarium specimens” and the code letters assigned by the Service to the scientist or scientific institution must be entered
on the Customs declaration form affixed to each package or container. If the specimens are of taxa also regulated by the
Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, specific information must be entered
on the Customs declaration label affixed to the outside of each shipping container or package. See part 23 of this
subchapter for requirements for trade in CITES specimens between registered scientific institutions.
(d) Duration of permit. The duration of a permit issued under this section shall be designated on the face of the permit.

[42 FR 32380, June 24, 1977, as amended at 50 FR 39691, Sept. 30, 1985; 63 FR 52636, Oct. 1, 1998; 79 FR 30419,
May 27, 2014]
§§ 17.73-17.78 [Reserved]
Subpart H—Experimental Populations
Source:
§ 17.80

49 FR 33893, Aug. 27, 1984, unless otherwise noted.
Definitions.

(a) The term experimental population means an introduced and/or designated population (including any off-spring arising
solely therefrom) that has been so designated in accordance with the procedures of this subpart but only when, and at
such times as the population is wholly separate geographically from nonexperimental populations of the same species.
Where part of an experimental population overlaps with natural populations of the same species on a particular occasion,
but is wholly separate at other times, specimens of the experimental population will not be recognized as such while in the
area of overlap. That is, experimental status will only be recognized outside the areas of overlap. Thus, such a population
shall be treated as experimental only when the times of geographic separation are reasonably predictable; e.g., fixed
migration patterns, natural or man-made barriers. A population is not treated as experimental if total separation will occur
solely as a result of random and unpredictable events.
(b) The term essential experimental population means an experimental population whose loss would be likely to
appreciably reduce the likelihood of the survival of the species in the wild. All other experimental populations are to be
classified as nonessential.
§ 17.81

Listing.

(a) The Secretary may designate as an experimental population a population of endangered or threatened species that
has been or will be released into suitable natural habitat outside the species' current natural range (but within its probable
historic range, absent a finding by the Director in the extreme case that the primary habitat of the species has been
unsuitably and irreversibly altered or destroyed), subject to the further conditions specified in this section; provided, that all
designations of experimental populations must proceed by regulation adopted in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 553 and the
requirements of this subpart.
(b) Before authorizing the release as an experimental population of any population (including eggs, propagules, or
individuals) of an endangered or threatened species, and before authorizing any necessary transportation to conduct the
release, the Secretary must find by regulation that such release will further the conservation of the species. In making such
a finding the Secretary shall utilize the best scientific and commercial data available to consider:
(1) Any possible adverse effects on extant populations of a species as a result of removal of individuals, eggs, or
propagules for introduction elsewhere;
(2) The likelihood that any such experimental population will become established and survive in the foreseeable future;
(3) The relative effects that establishment of an experimental population will have on the recovery of the species; and
(4) The extent to which the introduced population may be affected by existing or anticipated Federal or State actions or
private activities within or adjacent to the experimental population area.
The Secretary may issue a permit under section 10(a)(1)(A) of the Act, if appropriate under the standards set out in
subsections 10(d) and (j) of the Act, to allow acts necessary for the establishment and maintenance of an experimental
population.
(c) Any regulation promulgated under paragraph (a) of this section shall provide:
(1) Appropriate means to identify the experimental population, including, but not limited to, its actual or proposed location,
actual or anticipated migration, number of specimens released or to be released, and other criteria appropriate to identify
the experimental population(s);
(2) A finding, based solely on the best scientific and commercial data available, and the supporting factual basis, on
whether the experimental population is, or is not, essential to the continued existence of the species in the wild;
(3) Management restrictions, protective measures, or other special management concerns of that population, which may
include but are not limited to, measures to isolate and/or contain the experimental population designated in the regulation
from natural populations; and
(4) A process for periodic review and evaluation of the success or failure of the release and the effect of the release on the
conservation and recovery of the species.
(d) The Fish and Wildlife Service shall consult with appropriate State fish and wildlife agencies, local governmental entities,
affected Federal agencies, and affected private landowners in developing and implementing experimental population rules.

When appropriate, a public meeting will be conducted with interested members of the public. Any regulation promulgated
pursuant to this section shall, to the maximum extent practicable, represent an agreement between the Fish and Wildlife
Service, the affected State and Federal agencies and persons holding any interest in land which may be affected by the
establishment of an experimental population.
(e) Any population of an endangered species or a threatened species determined by the Secretary to be an experimental
population in accordance with this subpart shall be identified by special rule in §§ 17.84-17.86 as appropriate and
separately listed in § 17.11(h) (wildlife) or § 17.12(h) (plants) as appropriate.
(f) The Secretary may designate critical habitat as defined in section (3)(5)(A) of the Act for an essential experimental
population as determined pursuant to paragraph (c)(2) of this section. Any designation of critical habitat for an essential
experimental population will be made in accordance with section 4 of the Act. No designation of critical habitat will be
made for nonessential populations. In those situations where a portion or all of an essential experimental population
overlaps with a natural population of the species during certain periods of the year, no critical habitat shall be designated
for the area of overlap unless implemented as a revision to critical habitat of the natural population for reasons unrelated to
the overlap itself.
§ 17.82

Prohibitions.

Any population determined by the Secretary to be an experimental population shall be treated as if it were listed as a
threatened species for purposes of establishing protective regulations under section 4(d) of the Act with respect to such
population. The Special rules (protective regulations) adopted for an experimental population under § 17.81 will contain
applicable prohibitions, as appropriate, and exceptions for that population.
§ 17.83

Interagency cooperation.

(a) Any experimental population designated for a listed species (1) determined pursuant to § 17.81(c)(2) of this subpart not
to be essential to the survival of that species and (2) not occurring within the National Park System or the National Wildlife
Refuge System, shall be treated for purposes of section 7 (other than subsection (a)(1) thereof) as a species proposed to
be listed under the Act as a threatened species.
(b) Any experimental population designated for a listed species that either (1) has been determined pursuant to § 17.81(c)
(2) of this subpart to be essential to the survival of that species, of (2) occurs within the National Park System or the
National Wildlife Refuge System as now or hereafter constituted, shall be treated for purposes of section 7 of the Act as a
threatened species. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any biological opinion prepared pursuant to section 7(b) of the Act and
any agency determination made pursuant to section 7(a) of the Act shall consider any experimental and nonexperimental
populations to constitute a single listed species for the purposes of conducting the analyses under such sections.
§ 17.84

Special rules—vertebrates.

(a) [Reserved]
(b) Colorado squawfish ( Ptychocheilus lucius ) and woundfin ( Plagopterus argentissimus). (1) The Colorado squawfish
and woundfin populations identified in paragraph (b)(6) of this section, are experimental, nonessential populations.
(2) No person shall take the species, except in accordance with applicable State or Tribal fish and wildlife conservation
laws and regulations in the following instances:
(i) For educational purposes, scientific purposes, the enhancement of propagation or survival of the species, zoological
exhibition, and other conservation purposes consistent with the Act; or
(ii) Incidental to otherwise lawful activities, provided that the individual fish taken, if still alive, is immediately returned to its
habitat.
(3) Any violation of applicable State or Tribal fish and wildlife conservation laws or regulations with respect to the taking of
this species (other than incidental taking as described in paragraph (b)(2)(ii) of this section) will also be a violation of the
Endangered Species Act.
(4) No person shall possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, ship, import, or export, by any means whatsoever, any such
species taken in violation of these regulations or in violation of applicable State or Tribal fish and wildlife laws or
regulations.
(5) It is unlawful for any person to attempt to commit, solicit another to commit, or cause to be committed, any offense
defined in paragraphs (b) (2) through (4) of this section.
(6) All of the sites for reintroduction of Colorado squawfish and woundfin are totally isolated from existing populations of
these species. The nearest population of Colorado squawfish is above Lake Powell in the Green and Colorado Rivers, an
upstream distance of at least 800 miles including 6 mainstream dams, and 200 miles of dry riverbed. Woundfin are
similarly isolated (450 miles distant, 200 miles of dry streambed and 5 mainstream dams). All reintroduction sites are within
the probable historic range of these species and are as follows:

COLORADO SQUAWFISH
(I) ARIZONA: GILA COUNTY. SALT RIVER FROM ROOSEVELT DAM UPSTREAM TO U.S HIGHWAY 60 BRIDGE.
(II) ARIZONA: GILA AND YAVAPAI COUNTIES. VERDE RIVER FROM HORSESHOE DAM UPSTREAM TO PERKINSVILLE.
THE LOWER SEGMENTS OF LARGE STREAMS WHICH FLOW INTO THESE TWO SECTIONS OF RIVER MAY, FROM TIME TO
TIME, BE INHABITED BY COLORADO SQUAWFISH. DOWNSTREAM MOVEMENT OF SQUAWFISH IN THESE AREAS WILL BE
RESTRICTED BY DAMS AND UPSTREAM MOVEMENT IS LIMITED BY LACK OF SUITABLE HABITAT.
WOUNDFIN
(I) ARIZONA: GILA AND YAVAPAI COUNTIES. VERDE RIVER FROM BACKWATERS OF HORSESHOE RESERVOIR UPSTREAM
TO PERKINSVILLE.
(II) ARIZONA: GRAHAM AND GREENLEE COUNTIES. GILA RIVER FROM BACKWATERS OF SAN CARLOS RESERVOIR
UPSTREAM TO ARIZONA/NEW MEXICO STATE LINE.
(III) ARIZONA: GREENLEE COUNTY. SAN FRANCISCO RIVER FROM ITS JUNCTION WITH THE GILA RIVER UPSTREAM TO
THE ARIZONA/NEW MEXICO STATE LINE.
(IV) ARIZONA: GILA COUNTY. TONTO CREEK, FROM PUNKIN CENTER UPSTREAM TO GISELA.
(V) ARIZONA: YAVAPAI COUNTY. HASSAYAMPA RIVER, FROM RED CLIFF UPSTREAM TO WAGONER.
THE MOVEMENT OF WOUNDFIN BEYOND THESE AREAS WILL BE LIMITED TO THE LOWER PORTION OF LARGER
TRIBUTARIES WHERE SUITABLE HABITAT EXISTS. DOWNSTREAM MOVEMENT IS LIMITED BY DAMS, RESERVOIRS, AND
DRY STREAMBED. UPSTREAM MOVEMENT FROM THESE AREAS IS RESTRICTED DUE TO THE ABSENCE OF HABITAT.
UPSTREAM AREAS ARE TOO COLD AND THE GRADIENT IS TOO STEEP TO SUPPORT POPULATIONS OF WOUNDFIN.

(7) The reintroduced populations will be checked annually to determine their condition. A seining survey will be used to
determine population expansion or contraction, reproduction success, and general health condition of the fish.
(c) Red wolf ( Canis rufus ). (1) The red wolf populations identified in paragraphs (c)(9)(i) and (c)(9)(ii) of this section are
nonessential experimental populations.
(2) No person may take this species, except as provided in paragraphs (c)(3) through (5) and (10) of this section.
(3) Any person with a valid permit issued by the Service under § 17.32 may take red wolves for educational purposes,
scientific purposes, the enhancement of propagation or survival of the species, zoological exhibition, and other
conservation purposes consistent with the Act and in accordance with applicable State fish and wildlife conservation laws
and regulations;
(4)(i) Any person may take red wolves found on private land in the areas defined in paragraphs (c)(9) (i) and (ii) of this
section, Provided that such taking is not intentional or willful, or is in defense of that person's own life or the lives of others;
and that such taking is reported within 24 hours to the refuge manager (for the red wolf population defined in paragraph (c)
(9)(i) of this section), the Park superintendent (for the red wolf population defined in paragraph (c)(9)(ii) of this section), or
the State wildlife enforcement officer for investigation.
(ii) Any person may take red wolves found on lands owned or managed by Federal, State, or local government agencies in
the areas defined in paragraphs (c)(9) (i) and (ii) of this section, Provided that such taking is incidental to lawful activities,
is unavoidable, unintentional, and not exhibiting a lack of reasonable due care, or is in defense of that person's own life or
the lives of others, and that such taking is reported within 24 hours to the refuge manager (for the red wolf population
defined in paragraph (c)(9)(i) of this section), the Park superintendent (for the red wolf population defined in paragraph (c)
(9)(ii) of this section), or the State wildlife enforcement officer for investigation.
(iii) Any private landowner, or any other individual having his or her permission, may take red wolves found on his or her
property in the areas defined in paragraphs (c)(9) (i) and (ii) of this section when the wolves are in the act of killing
livestock or pets, Provided that freshly wounded or killed livestock or pets are evident and that all such taking shall be
reported within 24 hours to the refuge manager (for the red wolf population defined in paragraph (c)(9)(i) of this section),
the Park superintendent (for the red wolf population defined in paragraph (c)(9)(ii) of this section), or the State wildlife
enforcement officer for investigation.
(iv) Any private landowner, or any other individual having his or her permission, may harass red wolves found on his or her
property in the areas defined in paragraphs (c)(9) (i) and (ii) of this section, Provided that all such harassment is by
methods that are not lethal or physically injurious to the red wolf and is reported within 24 hours to the refuge manager (for
the red wolf population defined in paragraph (c)(9)(i) of this section), the Park superintendent (for the red wolf population
defined in paragraph (c)(9)(ii) of this section), or the State wildlife enforcement officer, as noted in paragraph (c)(6) of this
section for investigation.
(v) Any private landowner may take red wolves found on his or her property in the areas defined in paragraphs (c)(9) (i)
and (ii) of this section after efforts by project personnel to capture such animals have been abandoned, Provided that the
Service project leader or biologist has approved such actions in writing and all such taking shall be reported within 24
hours to the Service project leader or biologist, the refuge manager (for the red wolf population defined in paragraph (c)(9)

(i) of this section), the Park superintendent (for the red wolf population defined in paragraph (c)(9)(ii) of this section), or the
State wildlife enforcement officer for investigation.
(vi) The provisions of paragraphs (4) (i) through (v) of this section apply to red wolves found in areas outside the areas
defined in paragraphs (c)(9) (i) and (ii) of this section, with the exception that reporting of taking or harassment to the
refuge manager, Park superintendent, or State wildlife enforcement officer, while encouraged, is not required.
(5) Any employee or agent of the Service or State conservation agency who is designated for such purposes, when acting
in the course of official duties, may take a red wolf if such action is necessary to:
(i) Aid a sick, injured, or orphaned specimen;
(ii) Dispose of a dead specimen, or salvage a dead specimen which may be useful for scientific study;
(iii) Take an animal that constitutes a demonstrable but non-immediate threat to human safety or that is responsible for
depredations to lawfully present domestic animals or other personal property, if it has not been possible to otherwise
eliminate such depredation or loss of personal property, Provided That such taking must be done in a humane manner,
and may involve killing or injuring the animal only if it has not been possible to eliminate such threat by live capturing and
releasing the specimen unharmed on the refuge or Park;
(iv) Move an animal for genetic purposes.
(6) Any taking pursuant to paragraphs (c) (3) through (5) of this section must be immediately reported to either the Refuge
Manager, Alligator River National Wildlife Refuge, Manteo, North Carolina, telephone 919/473-1131, or the Superintendent,
Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Gatlinburg, Tennessee, telephone 615/436-1294. Either of these persons will
determine disposition of any live or dead specimens.
(7) No person shall possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, ship, import, or export by any means whatsoever, any such
species taken in violation of these regulations or in violation of applicable State fish and wildlife laws or regulations or the
Endangered Species Act.
(8) It is unlawful for any person to attempt to commit, solicit another to commit, or cause to be committed, any offense
defined in paragraphs (c) (2) through (7) of this section.
(9)(i) The Alligator River reintroduction site is within the historic range of the species in North Carolina, in Dare, Hyde,
Tyrrell, and Washington Counties; because of its proximity and potential conservation value, Beaufort County is also
included in the experimental population designation.
(ii) The red wolf also historically occurred on lands that now comprise the Great Smoky Mountains National Park. The Park
encompasses properties within Haywood and Swain Counties in North Carolina, and Blount, Cocke, and Sevier Counties
in Tennessee. Graham, Jackson, and Madison Counties in North Carolina, and Monroe County in Tennessee, are also
included in the experimental designation because of the close proximity of these counties to the Park boundary.
(iii) Except for the three island propagation projects and these small reintroduced populations, the red wolf is extirpated
from the wild. Therefore, there are no other extant populations with which the refuge or Park experimental populations
could come into contact.
(10) The reintroduced populations will be monitored closely for the duration of the project, generally using radio telemetry
as appropriate. All animals released or captured will be vaccinated against diseases prevalent in canids prior to release.
Any animal that is determined to be in need of special care or that moves onto lands where the landowner requests their
removal will be recaptured, if possible, by Service and/or Park Service and/or designated State wildlife agency personnel
and will be given appropriate care. Such animals will be released back into the wild as soon as possible, unless physical or
behavioral problems make it necessary to return the animals to a captive-breeding facility.
(11) The status of the Alligator River National Wildlife Refuge project will be reevaluated by October 1, 1992, to determine
future management status and needs. This review will take into account the reproductive success of the mated pairs,
movement patterns of individual animals, food habits, and overall health of the population. The duration of the first phase
of the Park project is estimated to be 10 to 12 months. After that period, an assessment of the reintroduction potential of
the Park for red wolves will be made. If a second phase of reintroduction is attempted, the duration of that phase will be
better defined during the assessment. However, it is presently thought that a second phase would last for 3 years, after
which time the red wolf would be treated as a resident species within the Park. Throughout these periods, the experimental
and nonessential designation of the animals will remain in effect.
(d) Topeka shiner ( Notropis topeka ).
(1) Where is the Topeka shiner designated as a nonessential experimental population (NEP)? (i) The NEP area for the
Topeka shiner is within the species' historical range and includes those waters within the Missouri counties of Adair,
Gentry, Harrison, Putnam, Sullivan, and Worth identified below in paragraph (d)(5) of this section.
(ii) The Topeka shiner is not known to currently exist in Adair, Gentry, Putnam, Sullivan, and Worth Counties in Missouri, or
in those portions of Harrison County, Missouri, where the NEP is being designated. Based on its habitat requirements and

potential predation by other fish predators, we do not expect this species to become established outside this NEP area,
although there is a remote chance it may.
(iii) We will not change the NEP designations to “essential experimental,” “threatened,” or “endangered” within the NEP
area without a public rulemaking. Additionally, we will not designate critical habitat for this NEP, as provided by 16 U.S.C.
1539(j)(2)(C)(ii).
(2) What activities are not allowed in the NEP area? (i) Except as expressly allowed in paragraph (d)(3) of this section, all
the prohibitions of § 17.21 apply to the Topeka shiner NEP.
(ii) Any manner of take not described under paragraph (d)(3) of this section is prohibited in the NEP area.
(iii) You may not possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, ship, import, or export by any means, Topeka shiners, or parts
thereof, that are taken or possessed in violation of paragraph (d)(3) of this section or in violation of the applicable State fish
and wildlife laws or regulations or the Act.
(iv) You may not attempt to commit, solicit another to commit, or cause to be committed any offense defined in paragraph
(d)(2)(iii) of this section.
(3) What take is allowed in the NEP area? Take of this species that is incidental to an otherwise legal activity, such as
agriculture, forestry and wildlife management, land development, recreation, and other activities, is allowed provided that
the activity is not in violation of any applicable State fish and wildlife laws or regulations.
(4) How will the effectiveness of these reintroductions be monitored? We will monitor reintroduction efforts to assess
changes in distribution within each watershed by sampling ponds and streams where releases occur for 10 years after
reintroduction. Streams will be sampled annually, and ponds will be sampled annually for the first 3 years and biennially
thereafter.
(5) Note: Map of the NEP areas [Big Muddy Creek (Gentry, Harrison, and Worth Counties), Little Creek (Harrison County),
and Spring Creek (Adair, Putnam, and Sullivan Counties)] for the Topeka shiner, follows:
[Please see PDF for image: ER17JY13.000]
(6) Note: Map of the NEP area for the Topeka shiner in Little Creek watershed, Harrison County, follows:
[Please see PDF for image: ER17JY13.001]
(7) Note: Map of the NEP area for the Topeka shiner in Big Muddy Creek watershed, Gentry, Harrison, and Worth
Counties, follows:
[Please see PDF for image: ER17JY13.002]
(8) Note: Map of the NEP area for the Topeka shiner in Spring Creek watershed, Adair, Putnam, and Sullivan Counties,
follows:
[Please see PDF for image: ER17JY13.003]
(e) Yellowfin madtom ( Noturus flavipinnis ). (1) Where is the yellowfin madtom designated as a nonessential experimental
population (NEP)? We have designated three populations of this species as NEPs: the North Fork Holston River
Watershed NEP, the Tellico River NEP, and the French Broad River and Holston River NEP.
(i) The North Fork Holston River Watershed NEP area is within the species' historic range and is defined as follows: The
North Fork Holston River watershed, Washington, Smyth, and Scott Counties, Virginia; South Fork Holston River
watershed upstream to Ft. Patrick Henry Dam, Sullivan County, Tennessee; and the Holston River from the confluence of
the North and South Forks downstream to the John Sevier Detention Lake Dam, Hawkins County, Tennessee. This site is
totally isolated from existing populations of this species by large Tennessee River tributaries and reservoirs. As the species
is not known to inhabit reservoirs and because individuals of the species are not likely to move 100 river miles through
these large reservoirs, the possibility that this population could come in contact with extant wild populations is unlikely.
(ii) The Tellico River NEP area is within the species' historic range and is defined as follows: The Tellico River, between the
backwaters of the Tellico Reservoir (approximately Tellico River mile 19 (30.4 kilometers) and Tellico River mile 33 (52.8
kilometers), near the Tellico Ranger Station, Monroe County, Tennessee. This species is not currently known to exist in the
Tellico River or its tributaries. Based on its habitat requirements, we do not expect this species to become established
outside this NEP area. However, if individuals of this population move upstream or downstream or into tributaries outside
the designated NEP area, we would presume that they came from the reintroduced population. We would then amend this
regulation to enlarge the boundaries of the NEP area to include the entire range of the expanded population.
(iii) The French Broad River and Holston River NEP area is within the species' historic range and is defined as follows: the
French Broad River, Knox and Sevier Counties, Tennessee, from the base of Douglas Dam (river mile (RM) 32.3 (51.7
km)) downstream to the confluence with the Holston River; then up the Holston River, Knox, Grainger, and Jefferson
Counties, Tennessee, to the base of Cherokee Dam (RM 52.3 (83.7 km)); and the lower 5 RM (8 km) of all tributaries that

enter these river reaches. This species is not known to exist in any of the tributaries to the free-flowing reaches of the
French Broad River below Douglas Dam, Knox and Sevier Counties, Tennessee, or of the Holston River below the
Cherokee Dam, Knox, Grainger, and Jefferson Counties, Tennessee. Based on its habitat requirements, we do not expect
this species to become established outside this NEP area. However, if individuals of this population move upstream or
downstream or into tributaries outside the designated NEP area, we would presume that they came from the reintroduced
population. We would then amend this regulation to enlarge the boundaries of the NEP area to include the entire range of
the expanded population.
(iv) We do not intend to change the NEP designations to “essential experimental,” “threatened,” or “endangered” within the
NEP areas. Additionally, we will not designate critical habitat for these NEPs, as provided by 16 U.S.C. 1539(j)(2)(C)(ii).
(2) What activities are not allowed in the NEP areas? (i) Except as expressly allowed in paragraph (e)(3) of this section, all
the prohibitions of § 17.31(a) and (b) apply to the yellowfin madtom.
(ii) Any manner of take not described under paragraph (e)(3) of this section is prohibited in the NEP area. We may refer
unauthorized take of this species to the appropriate authorities for prosecution.
(iii) You may not possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, ship, import, or export by any means whatsoever any of the
identified fishes, or parts thereof, that are taken or possessed in violation of paragraph (e)(2) of this section or in violation
of the applicable State fish and wildlife laws or regulations or the Act.
(iv) You may not attempt to commit, solicit another to commit, or cause to be committed any offense defined in paragraph
(e)(2) of this section.
(3) What take is allowed in the NEP area? Take of this species that is accidental and incidental to an otherwise legal
activity, such as recreation (e.g., fishing, boating, wading, trapping, or swimming), forestry, agriculture, and other activities
that are in accordance with Federal, State, and local laws and regulations, is allowed.
(4) How will the effectiveness of these reintroductions be monitored? We will prepare periodic progress reports and fully
evaluate these reintroduction efforts after 5 and 10 years to determine whether to continue or terminate the reintroduction
efforts.
(5) Note: Map of the NEP area for the yellowfin madtom in the Tellico River, Tennessee, appears immediately following
paragraph (m)(5) of this section.
(6) Note: Map of the NEP area for the yellowfin madtom in the French Broad River and Holston River, Tennessee,
appears immediately following paragraph (m)(7) of this section.
(f) Guam rail ( Rallus owstoni ). (1) The Guam rail population identified in paragraph (f)(7) of this section is a nonessential
experimental population.
(2) No person shall take this species, except:
(i) In accordance with a valid permit issued by the Service under § 17.32 for educational purposes, scientific purposes, the
enhancement of propagation or survival of the species, zoological exhibition, and other conservation purposes consistent
with the Act; or
(ii) As authorized by the laws and regulations of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, after the Service has
made the determination that the experimental population has become well established and occupies all suitable habitat
island-wide.
(3) Any employee of the Service, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands Division of Fish and Wildlife, or the
Guam Division of Aquatic and Wildlife Resources who is designated for such purposes, may, when acting in the course of
official duties, take a Guam rail without a permit if such action is necessary to:
(i) Aid a sick, injured, or orphaned specimen;
(ii) Dispose of a dead specimen;
(iii) Salvage a dead specimen that may be useful for scientific study; or
(iv) Take an animal that is responsible for depredations to personal property if it has not been possible to otherwise
eliminate such depredations and/or loss of personal property, provided that such taking must be done in a humane manner
and may involve injuring or killing the bird only if it has not been possible to eliminate depredations by live capturing and
releasing the specimen unharmed in other suitable habitats.
(4) Any violation of applicable commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands fish and wildlife conservation laws or
regulations with respect to the taking of this species (other than taking as described in paragraph (f)(2)(ii) of this section)
will also be a violation of the Endangered Species Act.
(5) No person shall possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, ship, import, or export by any means whatsoever, any such
species taken in violation of these regulations or in violation of applicable Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands

fish and wildlife laws or regulations or the Endangered Species Act.
(6) It is unlawful for any person to attempt to commit, solicit another to commit, or cause to be committed, any offense
defined in paragraphs (f) (2) through (5) of this section.
(7) The sites for introduction of Guam rails on Rota, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, are on an island
separated from Guam by 50 kilometers of ocean. The last known observation of an individual of this species occurred near
the northern tip of Guam, which is closest to the island of Rota. No intermingling of these populations will occur since this
species has been extirpated in the wild on Guam. The Rota release sites are of necessity outside the historic range of the
Guam rail, as described in this regulation, because its primary range has been unsuitably and irreversibly destroyed by the
brown tree snake.
(8) The nonessential experimental population on Rota will be checked periodically by staff of the Commonwealth of the
Northern Mariana Islands Division of Fish and Wildlife and cooperating staff from the University of Tennessee to determine
dispersal patterns, mortality, and reproductive success. The overall success of the releases and general health of the
population will also be assessed.
(g) Black-footed ferret ( Mustela nigripes ). (1) The black-footed ferret populations identified in paragraphs (g)(9)(i) through
(viii) of this section are nonessential experimental populations. We will manage each of these populations, and each
reintroduction site within the Wyoming Experimental Population Area, in accordance with their respective management
plans.
(2) No person may take this species in the wild in the experimental population area, except as provided in paragraphs (g)
(3), (4), (5), and (10) of this section.
(3) Any person with a valid permit issued by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) under section 17.32 may take
black-footed ferrets in the wild in the experimental population areas.
(4) Any employee or agent of the Service or appropriate State wildlife agency designated for such purposes, acting in the
course of official duties, may take a black-footed ferret in the wild in the experimental population areas if such action is
necessary:
(i) For scientific purposes;
(ii) To relocate a ferret to avoid conflict with human activities;
(iii) To relocate a ferret that has moved outside the Little Snake Black-footed Ferret Management Area/Coyote Basin
Primary Management Zone or the Rosebud Sioux Reservation Experimental Population Area when that relocation is
necessary to protect the ferret or is requested by an affected landowner or land manager, or whose removal is requested
pursuant to paragraph (g)(12) of this section.
(iv) To relocate ferrets within the experimental population area to improve ferret survival and recovery prospects;
(v) To relocate ferrets from the experimental population areas into other ferret reintroduction areas or captivity;
(vi) To aid a sick, injured, or orphaned animal; or
(vii) To salvage a dead specimen for scientific purposes.
(5) A person may take a ferret in the wild within the experimental population areas, provided such take is incidental to and
not the purpose of, the carrying out of an otherwise lawful activity and if such ferret injury or mortality was unavoidable,
unintentional, and did not result from negligent conduct. Such conduct is not considered intentional or “knowing take” for
the purposes of this regulation, and the Service will not take legal action for such conduct. However, we will refer cases of
knowing take to the appropriate authorities for prosecution.
(6) You must report any taking pursuant to paragraphs (g)(3), (4)(vi) and (vii), and (5) of this section to the appropriate
Service Field Supervisor, who will determine the disposition of any live or dead specimens.
(i) Report such taking in Wyoming, including the Shirley Basin/Medicine Bow experimental population area, to the Field
Supervisor, Ecological Services, Fish and Wildlife Service, Cheyenne, Wyoming (telephone: 307/772-2374).
(ii) Report such taking in the Conata Basin/Badlands experimental population area to the Field Supervisor, Ecological
Services, Fish and Wildlife Service, Pierre, South Dakota (telephone: 605/224-8693).
(iii) Report such taking in the northcentral Montana experimental population area to the Field Supervisor, Ecological
Services, Fish and Wildlife Service, Helena, Montana (telephone: 406/449-5225).
(iv) Report such taking in the Aubrey Valley experimental population area to the Field Supervisor, Ecological Services, Fish
and Wildlife Service, Phoenix, Arizona (telephone: 602/640-2720).
(v) Report such taking in the northwestern Colorado/northeastern Utah experimental population area to the appropriate
Field Supervisor, Ecological Services, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Lakewood, Colorado (telephone: 303/275-2370), or

Salt Lake City, Utah (telephone: 801/524-5001).
(vi) Report such taking in the Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe Experimental Population Area to the Field Supervisor,
Ecological Services, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Pierre, South Dakota (telephone 605/224-8693).
(vii) Report such taking in the Rosebud Sioux Reservation Experimental Population Area to the Field Supervisor,
Ecological Services, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Pierre, South Dakota (telephone 605/224-8693).
(7) No person shall possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, ship, import, or export by any means whatsoever, any ferret or
part thereof from the experimental populations taken in violation of these regulations or in violation of applicable State fish
and wildlife laws or regulations or the Endangered Species Act.
(8) It is unlawful for any person to attempt to commit, solicit another to commit, or cause to commit, any offense defined in
paragraphs (g)(2) and (7) of this section.
(9) The sites for reintroduction of black-footed ferrets are within the historical range of the species.
(i) We consider the Shirley Basin/Medicine Bow Management Area on the attached map of Wyoming to be the core
recovery area for this species in southeastern Wyoming. The boundaries of the nonessential experimental population are
that part of Wyoming south and east of the North Platte River within Natrona, Carbon, and Albany Counties (see Wyoming
map). All marked ferrets found in the wild within these boundaries prior to the first breeding season following the first year
of releases constituted the nonessential experimental population during this period. All ferrets found in the wild within these
boundaries during and after the first breeding season following the first year of releases comprise the nonessential
experimental population, thereafter.
(ii) We consider the Conata Basin/Badlands Reintroduction Area on the attached map for South Dakota to be the core
recovery area for this species in southwestern South Dakota. The boundaries of the nonessential experimental population
area occur north of State Highway 44 and BIA Highway 2 east of the Cheyenne River and BIA Highway 41, south of I-90,
and west of State Highway 73 within Pennington, Shannon, and Jackson Counties, South Dakota. Any black-footed ferret
found in the wild within these boundaries is part of the nonessential experimental population after the first breeding season
following the first year of releases of black-footed ferret in the Reintroduction Area. A black-footed ferret occurring outside
the experimental population area in South Dakota is considered as endangered but may be captured for genetic testing.
We will dispose of the captured animal in one of the following ways if necessary:
(A) We may return an animal genetically related to the experimental population to the Reintroduction Area or to a captive
facility.
(B) Under an existing contingency plan, we will use up to nine black-footed ferrets genetically unrelated to the experimental
population in the captive-breeding program. If a landowner outside the experimental population area wishes to retain
black-footed ferrets on his property, we will develop a conservation agreement or easement with the landowner.
(iii) We consider the Northcentral Montana Reintroduction Area shown on the attached map for Montana to be the core
recovery area for this species in northcentral Montana. The boundaries of the nonessential experimental population are
those parts of Phillips and Blaine Counties, Montana, described as the area bounded on the north beginning at the
northwest corner of the Fort Belknap Indian Reservation on the Milk River; east following the Milk River to the east Phillips
County line; then south along said line to the Missouri River; then west along the Missouri River to the west boundary of
Phillips County; then north along said county line to the west boundary of Fort Belknap Indian Reservation; then further
north along said boundary to the point of origin at the Milk River. All marked ferrets found in the wild within these
boundaries prior to the first breeding season following the first year of releases constituted the nonessential experimental
population during this period. All ferrets found in the wild within these boundaries during and after the first breeding season
following the first year of releases comprise the nonessential experimental population thereafter. A black-footed ferret
occurring outside the experimental area in Montana is initially considered as endangered but may be captured for genetic
testing. We will dispose of the captured animal in one of the following ways if necessary:
(A) We may return an animal genetically related to the experimental population to the reintroduction area or to a captive
facility.
(B) Under an existing contingency plan, we will use up to nine black-footed ferrets genetically unrelated to the experimental
population in the captive-breeding program. If a landowner outside the experimental population area wishes to retain
black-footed ferrets on his property, we will develop a conservation agreement or easement with the landowner.
(iv) We consider the Aubrey Valley Experimental Population Area shown on the attached map for Arizona to be the core
recovery area for this species in northwestern Arizona. The boundary of the nonessential experimental population area is
those parts of Coconino, Mohave, and Yavapai Counties that include the Aubrey Valley west of the Aubrey Cliffs, starting
from Chino Point, north along the crest of the Aubrey cliffs to the Supai Road (State Route 18), southwest along the Supai
Road to Township 26 North, then west to Range 11 West, then south to the Hualapai Indian Reservation boundary, then
east and northeast along the Hualapai Indian Reservation boundary to U.S. Highway Route 66; then southeast along
Route 66 for approximately 6 km (2.3 miles) to a point intercepting the east boundary of section 27, Township 25 North,
Range 9 West; then south along a line to where the Atchison-Topeka Railroad enters Yampa Divide Canyon; then

southeast along the Atchison-Topeka Railroad alignment to the intersection of the Range 9 West/Range 8 West boundary;
then south to the SE corner of section 12, Township 24 North, Range 9 West; then southeast to SE corner section 20,
Township 24 West, Range 8 West; then south to the SE corner section 29, Township 24 North, Range 8 West; then
southeast to the half section point on the east boundary line of section 33, Township 24 North, Range 8 West; then
northeast to the SE corner of section 27, Township 24 North, Range 8 West; then southeast to the SE corner Section 35,
Township 24 North, Range 8 West; then southeast to the half section point on the east boundary line of section 12,
Township 23 North, Range 8 West; then southeast to the SE corner of section 8, Township 23 North, Range 7 West; then
southeast to the SE corner of section 16, Township 23 North, Range 7 West; then east to the half section point of the north
boundary line of section 14, Township 23 North, Range 7 West; then south to the half section point on the north boundary
line of section 26, Township 23 North, Range 7 West; then east along section line to route 66; then southeast along route
66 to the point of origin at Chino Point. Any black-footed ferrets found in the wild within these boundaries is part of the
nonessential experimental population after the first breeding season following the first year of releases of ferrets into the
reintroduction area. A black-footed ferret occurring outside the experimental area in Arizona is initially considered as
endangered but may be captured for genetic testing. We will dispose of the captured animal in one of the following ways if
necessary:
(A) We may return an animal genetically related to the experimental population to the reintroduction area or to a captive
facility. If a landowner outside the experimental population area wishes to retain black-footed ferrets on his property, we will
develop a conservation agreement or easement with the landowner.
(B) Under an existing contingency plan, we will use up to nine black-footed ferrets genetically unrelated to the experimental
population in the captive-breeding program. If a landowner outside the experimental population area wishes to retain
black-footed ferrets on his property, we will develop a conservation agreement or easement with the landowner.
(v) We consider the Little Snake Black-footed Ferret Management Area in Colorado and the Coyote Basin Black-footed
Ferret Primary Management Zone in Utah as the initial recovery sites for this species within the Northwestern
Colorado/Northeastern Utah Experimental Population Area (see Colorado/Utah map). The boundaries of the nonessential
Experimental Population Area will be all of Moffat and Rio Blanco Counties in Colorado west of Colorado State Highway
13; all of Uintah and Duchesne Counties in Utah; and in Sweetwater County, Wyoming, the line between Range 96 and 97
West (eastern edge), Range 102 and 103 West (western edge), and Township 14 and 15 North (northern edge). All
marked ferrets found in the wild within these boundaries prior to the first breeding season following the first year of release
will constitute the nonessential experimental population during this period. All ferrets found in the wild within these
boundaries during and after the first breeding season following the first year of releases of ferrets into the reintroduction
area will comprise the nonessential experimental population thereafter. A black-footed ferret occurring outside the
Experimental Population Area is initially considered as endangered but may be captured for genetic testing. We will
dispose of the captured animal in one of the following ways if necessary:
(A) We may return an animal genetically related to the experimental population to the Reintroduction Area or to a captive
facility.
(B) Under an existing contingency plan, we will use up to nine black-footed ferrets genetically unrelated to the experimental
population in the captive-breeding program. If a landowner outside the experimental population area wishes to retain
black-footed ferrets on his property, we will develop a conservation agreement or easement with the landowner.
(vi) The Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe Reintroduction Area is shown on the map of north-central South Dakota at the end of
paragraph (g) of this section. The boundaries of the nonessential experimental population area are the exterior boundaries
of the Cheyenne River Sioux Reservation which includes all of Dewey and Ziebach Counties, South Dakota. Any blackfooted ferret found in the wild within these counties will be considered part of the nonessential experimental population
after the first breeding season following the first year of black-footed ferret release. A black-footed ferret occurring outside
the Experimental Population Area in north-central South Dakota would initially be considered as endangered but may be
captured for genetic testing. When a ferret is found outside the Experimental Population Area, the following may occur:
(A) If an animal is genetically determined to have originated from the experimental population, we may return it to the
reintroduction area or to a captive-breeding facility.
(B) If an animal is determined to be genetically unrelated to the experimental population, we will place it in captivity under
an existing contingency plan. Up to nine black-footed ferrets may be taken for use in the captive-breeding program.
(vii) The Rosebud Sioux Reservation Experimental Population Area is shown on the map of south-central South Dakota at
the end of paragraph (g) of this section. The boundaries of the nonessential experimental population area include all of
Gregory, Mellette, Todd, and Tripp Counties in South Dakota. Any black-footed ferret found within these four counties will
be considered part of the nonessential experimental population after the first breeding season following the first year of
black-footed ferret release. A black-footed ferret occurring outside the nonessential experimental population area in southcentral South Dakota will initially be considered as endangered but may be captured for genetic testing. If necessary,
disposition of the captured animal may occur in the following ways:
(A) If an animal is genetically determined to have originated from the experimental population, we may return it to the
reintroduction area or to a captive-breeding facility.

(B) If an animal is determined to be genetically unrelated to the experimental population, we will place it in captivity under
an existing contingency plan. Up to nine black-footed ferrets may be taken for use in the captive-breeding program.
(viii) The Wyoming Experimental Population Area encompasses most of the State of Wyoming. The boundaries of the
nonessential experimental population include all areas in the State of Wyoming outside of the Shirley Basin/Medicine Bow
Management Area (see paragraph (g)(9)(i) of this section) and the small portion of Wyoming included as part of the
Northwestern Colorado/Northeastern Utah Experimental Population Area (see paragraph (g)(9)(v) of this section).
Collectively, however, these three 10(j) areas cover the entire State of Wyoming. Any black-footed ferret found within the
Wyoming NEP Experimental Population Area will be considered part of a nonessential experimental population. A blackfooted ferret that disperses beyond the boundaries of the nonessential experimental population area takes on the status of
that area (endangered, unless within another nonessential experimental population area). Such animals may be captured
for genetic testing and relocation. If necessary, disposition of the captured animal may occur in the following ways:
(A) If an animal is genetically determined to have originated from the experimental population, we may return it to the
reintroduction area or to a captive-breeding facility.
(B) If an animal is determined to be genetically unrelated to the experimental population, we will place it in captivity under
an existing contingency plan.
(10) Monitoring the reintroduced populations will occur continually during the life of the project, including the use of radio
telemetry and other remote sensing devices, as appropriate. Vaccination of all released animals will occur prior to release,
as appropriate, to prevent diseases prevalent in mustelids. Any animal that is sick, injured, or otherwise in need of special
care may be captured by authorized personnel of the Service or appropriate State wildlife agency or their agents and given
appropriate care. Such an animal may be released back to its appropriate reintroduction area or another authorized site as
soon as possible, unless physical or behavioral problems make it necessary to return the animal to captivity.
(11) We will reevaluate the status of the experimental population within the first five years after the first year of release of
black-footed ferrets to determine future management needs. This review will take into account the reproductive success
and movement patterns of the individuals released into the area, as well as the overall health of the experimental
population and the prairie dog ecosystem in the above described areas. We will propose reclassification of the blackfooted ferret when we meet the appropriate recovery objectives for the species.
(12) We will not include a reevaluation of the “nonessential experimental” designation for these populations during our
review of the initial five year reintroduction program. We do not foresee any likely situation justifying alteration of the
nonessential experimental status of these populations. Should any such alteration prove necessary and it results in a
substantial modification to black-footed ferret management on non-Federal lands, any private landowner who consented to
the introduction of black-footed ferrets on their lands may rescind their consent, and at their request, we will relocate the
ferrets pursuant to paragraph (g)(4)(iii) of this section.
[Please see PDF for image: EC01JN91.003]
[Please see PDF for image: EC01JN91.004]
[Please see PDF for image: EC01JN91.005]
[Please see PDF for image: EC01JN91.006]
[Please see PDF for image: ER01OC98.095]
[Please see PDF for image: ER13OC00.006]
[Please see PDF for image: ER16MY03.021]
[Please see PDF for image: ER30OC15.016]
(h) Whooping crane ( Grus americana ). (1) The whooping crane populations identified in paragraphs (h)(9)(i) through (iv)
of this section are nonessential experimental populations (NEPs) as defined in § 17.80.
(i) The only natural extant population of whooping cranes, known as the Aransas/Wood Buffalo National Park population,
occurs well west of the Mississippi River. This population nests in the Northwest Territories and adjacent areas of Alberta,
Canada, primarily within the boundaries of the Wood Buffalo National Park, and winters along the Central Texas Gulf of
Mexico coast at Aransas National Wildlife Refuge.
(ii) No natural populations of whooping cranes are likely to come into contact with the NEPs set forth in paragraphs (h)(9)(i)
through (iv) of this section. Whooping cranes adhere to ancestral breeding grounds, leaving little possibility that individuals
from the extant Aransas/Wood Buffalo National Park population will stray into the NEPs. Studies of whooping cranes have
shown that migration is a learned rather than an innate behavior.
(2) No person may take this species in the wild in the experimental population areas, except when such take is accidental
and incidental to an otherwise lawful activity, or as provided in paragraphs (h)(3) and (4) of this section. Examples of
otherwise lawful activities include, but are not limited to, oil and gas exploration and extraction, aquacultural practices,

agricultural practices, pesticide application, water management, construction, recreation, trapping, or hunting, when such
activities are in full compliance with all applicable laws and regulations.
(3) Any person with a valid permit issued by the Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) under § 17.32 may take whooping
cranes in the wild in the experimental population areas for educational purposes, scientific purposes, the enhancement of
propagation or survival of the species, and other conservation purposes consistent with the ESA and in accordance with
applicable State fish and wildlife conservation laws and regulations.
(4) Any employee or agent of the Service or State wildlife agency who is designated for such purposes, when acting in the
course of official duties, may take a whooping crane in the wild in the experimental population areas if such action is
necessary to:
(i) Relocate a whooping crane to avoid conflict with human activities;
(ii) Relocate a whooping crane that has moved outside any of the areas identified in paragraphs (h)(9)(i) through (iv) of this
section, when removal is necessary or requested and is authorized by a valid permit under § 17.22;
(iii) Relocate whooping cranes within the experimental population areas to improve survival and recovery prospects;
(iv) Relocate whooping cranes from the experimental population areas into captivity;
(v) Aid a sick, injured, or orphaned whooping crane; or
(vi) Dispose of a dead specimen or salvage a dead specimen that may be useful for scientific study.
(5) Any taking pursuant to paragraphs (h)(3) and (4) of this section must be immediately reported to the National Whooping
Crane Coordinator, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, P.O. Box 100, Austwell, TX 77950 (Phone: 361-286-3559), who, in
conjunction with his counterpart in the Canadian Wildlife Service, will determine the disposition of any live or dead
specimens.
(6) No person shall possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, ship, import, or export by any means whatsoever, any such
species from the experimental populations taken in violation of these regulations or in violation of applicable State fish and
wildlife laws or regulations or the Endangered Species Act.
(7) It is unlawful for any person to attempt to commit, solicit another to commit, or cause to be committed any offense
defined in paragraphs (h)(2) through (6) of this section.
(8) The Service will not mandate any closure of areas, including National Wildlife Refuges, during hunting or conservation
order seasons, or closure or modification of hunting or conservation order seasons, in the following situations:
(i) For the purpose of avoiding take of whooping cranes in the NEPs identified in paragraphs (h)(9)(i) through (iv) of this
section;
(ii) If a clearly marked whooping crane from the NEPs identified in paragraphs (h)(9)(i) through (iv) of this section wanders
outside the designated NEP areas. In this situation, the Service will attempt to capture the stray bird and return it to the
appropriate area if removal is requested by the State.
(9) All whooping cranes found in the wild within the boundaries listed in paragraphs (h)(9)(i) through (iv) of this section will
be considered nonessential experimental animals. Geographic areas the nonessential experimental populations may
inhabit are within the historic range of the whooping crane in the United States and include the following:
(i) The entire State of Florida (the Kissimmee Prairie NEP). The reintroduction site is the Kissimmee Prairie portions of
Polk, Osceola, Highlands, and Okeechobee Counties. The experimental population released at Kissimmee Prairie is
expected to remain mostly within the prairie region of central Florida.
(ii) The States of Colorado, Idaho, New Mexico, and Utah, and the western half of the State of Wyoming (the Rocky
Mountain NEP).
(iii) That portion of the eastern contiguous United States that includes the States of Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia,
Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Ohio, South
Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia, and Wisconsin (the Eastern Migratory NEP). Whooping cranes within this
population are expected to occur mostly within the States of Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Tennessee, Georgia,
and Florida. The additional States included within the experimental population area are those expected to receive
occasional use by the cranes, or which may be used as breeding or wintering areas in the event of future population
expansion.
(iv) The entire State of Louisiana (the Louisiana Nonmigratory NEP). The reintroduction site is the White Lake Wetlands
Conservation Area of southwestern Louisiana in Vermilion Parish. Current information indicates that White Lake is the
historic location of a resident nonmigratory population of whooping cranes that bred and reared young in Louisiana.
Whooping cranes within this nonmigratory population are expected to occur mostly within the White Lake Wetlands

Conservation Area and the nearby wetlands in Vermilion Parish. The marshes and wetlands of southwestern Louisiana are
expected to receive occasional use by the cranes and may be used in the event of future population expansion.
(v) A map of all NEP areas in the United States for whooping cranes follows:
[Please see PDF for image: ER03FE11.000]
(10) The reintroduced populations will be monitored during the duration of the projects by the use of radio telemetry and
other appropriate measures. Any animal that is determined to be sick, injured, or otherwise in need of special care will be
recaptured to the extent possible by Service and/or State wildlife personnel or their designated agent and given
appropriate care. Such animals will be released back to the wild as soon as possible, unless physical or behavioral
problems make it necessary to return them to a captive-breeding facility.
(11) The Service will reevaluate the status of the experimental populations periodically to determine future management
needs. This review will take into account the reproductive success and movement patterns of the individuals released
within the experimental population areas.
(i) [Reserved]
(j) California condor ( Gymnogyps californianus ). (1) The California condor ( Gymnogyps californianus ) population
identified in paragraph (j)(8) of this section is a nonessential experimental population, and the release of such population
will further the conservation of the species.
(2) You must not take any California condor in the wild in the experimental population area except as provided by this rule:
(i) Throughout the entire California condor experimental population area, you will not be in violation of the Endangered
Species Act (Act) if you unavoidably and unintentionally take (including killing or injuring) a California condor, provided
such take is non-negligent and incidental to a lawful activity, such as hunting, driving, or recreational activities, and you
report the take as soon as possible as provided under paragraph 5 below.
(ii) [Reserved]
(3) If you have a valid permit issued by the Service under § 17.32, you may take California condors in the wild in the
experimental population area, pursuant to the terms of the permit.
(4) Any employee or agent of the Fish and Wildlife Service (Service), Bureau of Land Management or appropriate State
wildlife agency, who is designated for such purposes, when acting in the course of official duties, may take a California
condor from the wild in the experimental population area and vicinity if such action is necessary:
(i) For scientific purposes;
(ii) To relocate California condors within the experimental population area to improve condor survival, and to address
conflicts with ongoing or proposed activities, or with private landowners, when removal is necessary to protect the condor,
or is requested by an adversely affected landowner or land manager, or other adversely affected party. Adverse effects and
requests for condor relocation will be documented, reported and resolved in as an expedient manner as appropriate to the
specific situation to protect condors and avoid conflicts. Prior to any efforts to relocate condors, the Service will obtain
permission from the appropriate landowner(s);
(iii) To relocate California condors that have moved outside the experimental population area, by returning the condor to
the experimental population area or moving it to a captive breeding facility. All captures and relocations from outside the
experimental population area will be coordinated with Service Cooperators, and conducted with the permission of the
landowner(s) or appropriate land management agency(s).
(iv) To aid a sick, injured, or orphaned California condor;
(v) To salvage a dead specimen that may be useful for scientific study; or
(vi) To dispose of a dead specimen.
(5) Any taking pursuant to paragraphs (j)(2), (j)(4)(iv), (j)(4)(v), and (j)(4)(vi), of this section must be reported as soon as
possible to the Field Supervisor, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services, Arizona Field Office, Phoenix, 2321
W. Royal Palm Road, Suite 103, Arizona (telephone 602/640-2720) who will determine the disposition of any live or dead
specimens.
(6) You must not possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, ship, import, or export by any means whatsoever, any California
condor or part thereof from the experimental population taken in violation of this paragraph (j) or in violation of applicable
State or Tribal laws or regulations or the Act.
(7) It is unlawful for you to attempt to commit, solicit another to commit, or cause to be committed, any offense defined in
paragraphs (j)(2) and (j)(6) of this section.

(8) The designated experimental population area of the California condor includes portions of three states—Arizona,
Nevada, and Utah. The southern boundary is Interstate Highway 40 in Arizona from its junction with Highway 191 west
across Arizona to Kingman; the western boundary starts at Kingman, goes northwest on Highway 93 to Interstate Highway
15, continues northeasterly on Interstate Highway 15 in Nevada and Utah, to Interstate Highway 70 in Utah; where the
northern boundary starts and goes across Utah to Highway 191; where the eastern boundary starts and goes south
through Utah until Highway 191 meets Interstate Highway 40 in Arizona (See map at end of this paragraph (j)).
(i) All California condors released into the experimental population area, and their offspring, are to be marked and visually
identifiable by colored and coded patagial wing markers.
(ii) The Service has designated the experimental population area to accommodate the potential future movements of a wild
population of condors. All released condors and their progeny are expected to remain in the experimental area due to the
geographic extent of the designation.
(9) The nonessential experimental population area includes the entire highway rights-of-way of the highways in paragraph
(j)(8) of this section that constitute the perimeter boundary. All California condors found in the wild within these boundaries
will comprise the experimental population.
(i) The experimental population is to be monitored during the reintroduction project. All California condors are to be given
physical examinations before being released.
(ii) If there is any evidence that the condor is in poor health or diseased, it will not be released to the wild.
(iii) Any condor that displays signs of illness, is injured, or otherwise needs special care may be captured by authorized
personnel of the Service, Bureau of Land Management, or appropriate State wildlife agency or their agents, and given the
appropriate care. These condors are to be re-released into the reintroduction area as soon as possible, unless physical or
behavioral problems make it necessary to keep them in captivity for an extended period of time, or permanently.
(10) The status of the reintroduction project is to receive an informal review on an annual basis and a formal evaluation
within the first 5 years after the initial release, and every 5 years thereafter. This evaluation will include, but not be limited
to: a review of management issues; compliance with agreements; assessment of available carrion; dependence of older
condors on supplemental food sources; post release behavior; causes and rates of mortality; alternative release sites;
project costs; public acceptance; and accomplishment of recovery tasks prescribed in California Condor Recovery Plan.
The number of variables that could affect this reintroduction project make it difficult to develop criteria for success or failure
after 5 years. However, if after 5 years the project is experiencing a 40 percent or greater mortality rate or released
condors are not finding food on their own, serious consideration will be given to terminating the project.
(11) The Service does not intend to pursue a change in the nonessential experimental population designation to
experimental essential, threatened, or endangered, or modify the experimental population area boundaries without
consulting with and obtaining the full cooperation of affected parties located within the experimental population area, the
reintroduction program cooperators identified in the memorandum of understanding (MOU) for this program, and the
cooperators identified in the agreement for this program.
(i) The Service does not intend to change the status of this nonessential population until the California condor is recovered
and delisted in accordance with the Act or if the reintroduction is not successful and the rule is revoked. No designation of
critical habitat will be made for nonessential populations (16 U.S.C. § 1539(j)(2)(C)(ii).
(ii) Legal actions or other circumstances may compel a change in this nonessential experimental population's legal status
to essential, threatened, or endangered, or compel the Service to designate critical habitat for the California condors within
the experimental population area defined in this rule. If this happens, all California condors will be removed from the area
and this experimental population rule will be revoked, unless the parties to the MOU and agreement existing at that time
agree that the birds should remain in the wild. Changes in the legal status and/or removal of this population of California
condors will be made in compliance with any applicable Federal rulemaking and other procedures.
[Please see PDF for image: ER16OC96.000]
(k) Mexican wolf ( Canis lupus baileyi ). This paragraph (k) sets forth the provisions of a rule to establish an experimental
population of Mexican wolves.
(1) Purpose of the rule. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) finds that reestablishment of an experimental
population of Mexican wolves into the subspecies' probable historical range will further the conservation of the Mexican
wolf subspecies. The Service found that the experimental population was not essential under § 17.81(c)(2).
(2) Determinations. The Mexican wolf population reestablished in the Mexican Wolf Experimental Population Area
(MWEPA), identified in paragraph (k)(4) of this section, is one nonessential experimental population. This nonessential
experimental population will be managed according to the provisions of this rule. The Service does not intend to change
the nonessential experimental designation to essential experimental, threatened, or endangered. Critical habitat cannot be
designated under the nonessential experimental classification, 16 U.S.C. 1539(j)(2)(C)(ii).
(3) Definitions. Key terms used in this rule have the following definitions:

Active den means a den or a specific site above or below ground that is used by Mexican wolves on a daily basis to bear
and raise pups, typically between approximately April 1 and July 31. More than one den site may be used in a single
season.
Cross-foster means the removal of offspring from their biological parents and placement with surrogate parents.
Depredation means the confirmed killing or wounding of lawfully present domestic animals by one or more Mexican
wolves. The Service, Wildlife Services, or other Service-designated agencies will confirm cases of wolf depredation on
lawfully present domestic animals. Cattle trespassing on Federal lands are not considered lawfully present domestic
animals.
Designated agency means a Federal, State, or tribal agency designated by the Service to assist in implementing this rule,
all or in part, consistent with a Service-approved management plan, special management measure, conference opinion
pursuant to section 7(a)(4) of the Act, section 6 of the Act as described in § 17.31 for State game and fish agencies with
authority to manage Mexican wolves, or a valid permit issued by the Service through § 17.32.
Disturbance-causing land-use activity means any activity on Federal lands within a 1-mi (1.6-km) radius around release
pens when Mexican wolves are in them, around active dens between April 1 and July 31, and around active Mexican wolf
rendezvous sites between June 1 and September 30, which the Service determines could adversely affect reproductive
success, natural behavior, or persistence of Mexican wolves. Such activities may include, but are not limited to, timber or
wood harvesting, prescribed fire, mining or mine development, camping outside designated campgrounds, livestock
husbandry activities (e.g., livestock drives, roundups, branding, vaccinating, etc.), off-road vehicle use, hunting, and any
other use or activity with the potential to disturb wolves. The following activities are specifically excluded from this
definition:
(A) Lawfully present livestock and use of water sources by livestock;
(B) Livestock drives if no reasonable alternative route or timing exists;
(C) Vehicle access over established roads to non-Federal land where legally permitted activities are ongoing if no
reasonable alternative route exists;
(D) Use of lands within the National Park or National Wildlife Refuge Systems as safety buffer zones for military activities
and Department of Homeland Security border security activities;
(E) Fire-fighting activities associated with wildfires; and
(F) Any authorized, specific land use that was active and ongoing at the time Mexican wolves chose to locate a den or
rendezvous site nearby.
Domestic animal means livestock as defined in this paragraph (k)(3) and non-feral dogs.
Federal land means land owned and under the administration of Federal agencies including, but not limited to, the
Service, National Park Service, Bureau of Land Management, U.S. Forest Service, Department of Energy, or Department
of Defense.
Feral dog means any dog ( Canis familiaris ) or wolf-dog hybrid that, because of absence of physical restraint or
conspicuous means of identifying it at a distance as non-feral, is reasonably thought to range freely without discernible,
proximate control by any person. Feral dogs do not include domestic dogs that are penned, leashed, or otherwise
restrained (e.g., by shock collar) or which are working livestock or being lawfully used to trail or locate wildlife.
Harass means intentional or negligent actions or omissions that create the likelihood of injury to wildlife by annoying it to
such an extent as to significantly disrupt normal behavioral patterns, which include, but are not limited to, breeding,
feeding, or sheltering.
In the act of biting, killing, or wounding means grasping, biting, wounding, or feeding upon a live domestic animal on nonFederal land or live livestock on Federal land. The term does not include feeding on an animal carcass.
Initial release means the release of Mexican wolves to the wild within Zone 1, as defined in this paragraph (k)(3), or in
accordance with tribal or private land agreements in Zone 2, as defined in this paragraph (k)(3), that have never been in
the wild, or releasing pups that have never been in the wild and are less than 5 months old within Zones 1 or 2. The initial
release of pups less than 5 months old into Zone 2 allows for the cross-fostering of pups from the captive population into
the wild, as well as enables translocation-eligible adults to be re-released in Zone 2 with pups born in captivity.
Intentional harassment means deliberate, preplanned harassment of Mexican wolves, including by less-than-lethal means
(such as 12-gauge shotgun rubber-bullets and bean-bag shells) designed to cause physical discomfort and temporary
physical injury, but not death. Intentional harassment includes situations where the Mexican wolf or wolves may have been
unintentionally attracted—or intentionally tracked, waited for, chased, or searched out—and then harassed. Intentional
harassment of Mexican wolves is only allowed under a permit issued by the Service or its designated agency.

Livestock means domestic alpacas, bison, burros (donkeys), cattle, goats, horses, llamas, mules, and sheep, or other
domestic animals defined as livestock in Service-approved State and tribal Mexican wolf management plans. Poultry is not
considered livestock under this rule.
Mexican Wolf Experimental Population Area (MWEPA) means an area in Arizona and New Mexico including Zones 1, 2,
and 3, as defined in this paragraph (k)(3), that lies south of Interstate Highway 40 to the international border with Mexico.
Non-Federal land means any private, State-owned, or tribal trust land.
Occupied Mexican wolf range means an area of confirmed presence of Mexican wolves based on the most recent map of
occupied range posted on the Service's Mexican Wolf Recovery Program Web site
at http://www.fws.gov/southwest/es/mexicanwolf/. Specific to the prohibitions at paragraphs (k)(5)(iii) and (k)(5)(vii)(D) of
this section, Zone 3, as defined in this paragraph (k)(3), and tribal trust lands are not considered occupied range.
Opportunistic harassment means scaring any Mexican wolf from the immediate area by taking actions such as
discharging firearms or other projectile-launching devices in proximity to, but not in the direction of, the wolf, throwing
objects at it, or making loud noise in proximity to it. Such harassment might cause temporary, non-debilitating physical
injury, but is not reasonably anticipated to cause permanent physical injury or death. Opportunistic harassment of Mexican
wolves can occur without a permit issued by the Service or its designated agency.
Problem wolves mean Mexican wolves that, for purposes of management and control by the Service or its designated
agent(s), are:
(A) Individuals or members of a group or pack (including adults, yearlings, and pups greater than 4 months of age) that
were involved in a depredation on lawfully present domestic animals;
(B) Habituated to humans, human residences, or other facilities regularly occupied by humans; or
(C) Aggressive when unprovoked toward humans.
Rendezvous site means a gathering and activity area regularly used by Mexican wolf pups after they have emerged from
the den. Typically, these sites are used for a period ranging from about 1 week to 1 month in the first summer after birth
during the period from June 1 to September 30. Several rendezvous sites may be used in succession within a single
season.
Service-approved management plan means management plans approved by the Regional Director or Director of the
Service through which Federal, State, or tribal agencies may become a designated agency. The management plan must
address how Mexican wolves will be managed to achieve conservation goals in compliance with the Act, this experimental
population rule, and other Service policies. If a Federal, State, or tribal agency becomes a designated agency through a
Service-approved management plan, the Service will help coordinate their activities while retaining authority for program
direction, oversight, guidance, and authorization of Mexican wolf removals.
Take means to harass, harm, pursue, hunt, shoot, wound, kill, trap, capture, or collect, or to attempt to engage in any such
conduct (16 U.S.C. 1532(19)).
Translocate means the release of Mexican wolves into the wild that have previously been in the wild. In the MWEPA,
translocations will occur only in Zones 1 and 2, as defined in this paragraph (k)(3).
Tribal trust land means any lands title to which is either: Held in trust by the United States for the benefit of any Indian tribe
or individual; or held by any Indian tribe or individual subject to restrictions by the United States against alienation. For
purposes of this rule, tribal trust land does not include land purchased in fee title by a tribe. We consider fee simple land
purchased by tribes to be private land.
Unacceptable impact to a wild ungulate herd will be determined by a State game and fish agency based upon ungulate
management goals, or a 15 percent decline in an ungulate herd as documented by a State game and fish agency, using
their preferred methodology, based on the preponderance of evidence from bull to cow ratios, cow to calf ratios, hunter
days, and/or elk population estimates.
Unintentional take means the take of a Mexican wolf by any person if the take is unintentional and occurs while engaging
in an otherwise lawful activity, occurs despite the use of due care, is coincidental to an otherwise lawful activity, and is not
done on purpose. Taking a Mexican wolf by poisoning or shooting will not be considered unintentional take.
Wild ungulate herd means an assemblage of wild ungulates (bighorn sheep, bison, deer, elk, or pronghorn) living in a
given area.
Wildlife Services means the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife
Services.
Wounded means exhibiting scraped or torn hide or flesh, bleeding, or other evidence of physical damage caused by a
Mexican wolf bite.

Zone 1 means an area within the MWEPA in Arizona and New Mexico into which Mexican wolves will be allowed to
naturally disperse and occupy and where Mexican wolves may be initially released from captivity or translocated. Zone 1
includes all of the Apache, Gila, and Sitgreaves National Forests; the Payson, Pleasant Valley, and Tonto Basin Ranger
Districts of the Tonto National Forest; and the Magdalena Ranger District of the Cibola National Forest.
Zone 2 is an area within the MWEPA into which Mexican wolves will be allowed to naturally disperse and occupy, and
where Mexican wolves may be translocated.
(A) On Federal land in Zone 2, initial releases of Mexican wolves are limited to pups less than 5 months old, which allows
for the cross-fostering of pups from the captive population into the wild, as well as enables translocation-eligible adults to
be re-released with pups born in captivity. On private and tribal land in Zone 2, Mexican wolves of any age, including
adults, can also be initially released under a Service- and State-approved management agreement with private landowners
or a Service-approved management agreement with tribal agencies.
(B) The northern boundary of Zone 2 is Interstate Highway 40; the western boundary extends south from Interstate
Highway 40 and follows Arizona State Highway 93, Arizona State Highway 89/60, Interstate Highway 10, and Interstate
Highway 19 to the United States-Mexico international border; the southern boundary is the United States-Mexico
international border heading east, then follows New Mexico State Highway 81/146 north to Interstate Highway 10, then
along New Mexico State Highway 26 to Interstate Highway 25; the boundary continues along New Mexico State Highway
70/54/506/24; the eastern boundary follows the eastern edge of Otero County, New Mexico, to the north and then along
the southern and then eastern edge of Lincoln County, New Mexico, until it intersects with New Mexico State Hwy 285 and
follows New Mexico State Highway 285 north to the northern boundary of Interstate Highway 40. Zone 2 excludes the area
in Zone 1, as defined in this paragraph (k)(3).
Zone 3 means an area within the MWEPA into which Mexican wolves will be allowed to disperse and occupy, but neither
initial releases nor translocations will occur there.
(A) Zone 3 is an area of less suitable Mexican wolf habitat where Mexican wolves will be more actively managed under the
authorities of this rule to reduce human conflict. We expect Mexican wolves to occupy areas of suitable habitat where
ungulate populations are adequate to support them and conflict with humans and their livestock is low. If Mexican wolves
move outside of areas of suitable habitat, they will be more actively managed.
(B) Zone 3 is two separate geographic areas on the eastern and western sides of the MWEPA. One area of Zone 3 is in
western Arizona, and the other is in eastern New Mexico. In Arizona, the northern boundary of Zone 3 is Interstate
Highway 40; the eastern boundary extends south from Interstate Highway 40 and follows State Highway 93, State
Highway 89/60, Interstate Highway 10, and Interstate Highway 19 to the United States-Mexico international border; the
southern boundary is the United States-Mexico international border; the western boundary is the Arizona-California State
border. In New Mexico, the northern boundary of Zone 3 is Interstate Highway 40; the eastern boundary is the New
Mexico-Texas State border; the southern boundary is the United States-Mexico international border heading west, then
follows State Highway 81/146 north to Interstate Highway 10, then along State Highway 26 to Interstate Highway 25, the
southern boundary continues along State Highway 70/54/506/24; the western boundary follows the eastern edge of Otero
County to the north and then along the southern and then eastern edge of Lincoln County until it follows State Highway
285 north to the northern boundary of Interstate Highway 40.
(4) Designated area. The designated experimental population area for Mexican wolves classified as a nonessential
experimental population by this rule is within the subspecies' probable historical range and is wholly separate
geographically from the current range of any known Mexican wolves. The boundaries of the MWEPA are the portions of
Arizona and New Mexico that are south of Interstate Highway 40 to the international border with Mexico. A map of the
MWEPA follows:
[Please see PDF for image: ER16JA15.020]
(5) Prohibitions. Take of any Mexican wolf in the experimental population is prohibited, except as provided in paragraph
(k)(7) of this section. Specifically, the following actions are prohibited by this rule:
(i) No person may possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, ship, import, or export by any means whatsoever any Mexican
wolf or wolf part from the experimental population except as authorized in this rule or by a valid permit issued by the
Service under § 17.32. If a person kills or injures a Mexican wolf or finds a dead or injured wolf or wolf parts, the person
must not disturb them (unless instructed to do so by the Service or a designated agency), must minimize disturbance of
the area around them, and must report the incident to the Service's Mexican Wolf Recovery Coordinator or a designated
agency of the Service within 24 hours as described in paragraph (k)(6) of this section.
(ii) No person may attempt to commit, solicit another to commit, or cause to be committed, any offense defined in this rule.
(iii) Taking a Mexican wolf with a trap, snare, or other type of capture device within occupied Mexican wolf range is
prohibited (except as authorized in paragraph (k)(7)(iv) of this section) and will not be considered unintentional take, unless
due care was exercised to avoid injury or death to a wolf. With regard to trapping activities, due care includes:

(A) Following the regulations, proclamations, recommendations, guidelines, and/or laws within the State or tribal trust lands
where the trapping takes place.
(B) Modifying or using appropriately sized traps, chains, drags, and stakes that provide a reasonable expectation that the
wolf will be prevented from either breaking the chain or escaping with the trap on the wolf, or using sufficiently small traps
(less than or equal to a Victor #2 trap) that allow a reasonable expectation that the wolf will either immediately pull free
from the trap or span the jaw spread when stepping on the trap.
(C) Not taking a Mexican wolf using neck snares.
(D) Reporting the capture of a Mexican wolf (even if the wolf has pulled free) within 24 hours to the Service as described in
paragraph (k)(6) of this section.
(E) If a Mexican wolf is captured, trappers can call the Interagency Field Team (1-888-459-WOLF [9653]) as soon as
possible to arrange for radio-collaring and releasing of the wolf. Per State regulations for releasing nontarget animals,
trappers may also choose to release the animal alive and subsequently contact the Service or Interagency Field Team.
(6) Reporting requirements. Unless otherwise specified in this rule or in a permit, any take of a Mexican wolf must be
reported to the Service or a designated agency within 24 hours. We will allow additional reasonable time if access to the
site is limited. Report any take of Mexican wolves, including opportunistic harassment, to the Mexican Wolf Recovery
Program, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, New Mexico Ecological Services Field Office, 2105 Osuna Road, NE.,
Albuquerque, NM 87113; by telephone 505-761-4704; or by facsimile 505-346-2542. Additional contact information can
also be found on the Mexican Wolf Recovery Program's Web site
at http://www.fws.gov/southwest/es/mexicanwolf/. Unless otherwise specified in a permit, any wolf or wolf part taken
legally must be turned over to the Service, which will determine the disposition of any live or dead wolves.
(7) Allowable forms of take of Mexican wolves. Take of Mexican wolves in the experimental population is allowed as
follows:
(i) Take in defense of human life. Under section 11(a)(3) of the Act and § 17.21(c)(2), any person may take (which includes
killing as well as nonlethal actions such as harassing or harming) a Mexican wolf in self-defense or defense of the lives of
others. This take must be reported as specified in accordance with paragraph (k)(6) of this section. If the Service or a
designated agency determines that a Mexican wolf presents a threat to human life or safety, the Service or the designated
agency may kill the wolf or place it in captivity.
(ii) Opportunistic harassment. Anyone may conduct opportunistic harassment of any Mexican wolf at any time provided
that Mexican wolves are not purposefully attracted, tracked, searched out, or chased and then harassed. Such harassment
of Mexican wolves might cause temporary, non-debilitating physical injury, but is not reasonably anticipated to cause
permanent physical injury or death. Any form of opportunistic harassment must be reported as specified in accordance
with paragraph (k)(6) of this section.
(iii) Intentional harassment. After the Service or its designated agency has confirmed Mexican wolf presence on any land
within the MWEPA, the Service or its designated agency may issue permits valid for not longer than 1 year, with
appropriate stipulations or conditions, to allow intentional harassment of Mexican wolves. The harassment must occur in
the area and under the conditions specifically identified in the permit. Permittees must report this take as specified in
accordance with paragraph (k)(6) of this section.
(iv) Take on non-Federal lands. (A) On non-Federal lands anywhere within the MWEPA, domestic animal owners or their
agents may take (including kill or injure) any Mexican wolf that is in the act of biting, killing, or wounding a domestic animal,
as defined in paragraph (k)(3) of this section. After the take of a Mexican wolf, the Service must be provided evidence that
the wolf was in the act of biting, killing, or wounding a domestic animal at the time of take, such as evidence of freshly
wounded or killed domestic animals. This take must be reported as specified in accordance with paragraph (k)(6) of this
section. The take of any Mexican wolf without evidence of biting, killing, or wounding domestic animals may be referred to
the appropriate authorities for investigation.
(B) Take of Mexican wolves by livestock guarding dogs, when used to protect livestock on non-Federal lands, is allowed. If
such take by a guard dog occurs, it must be reported as specified in accordance with paragraph (k)(6) of this section.
(C) Based on the Service's or a designated agency's discretion and in conjunction with a removal action authorized by the
Service, the Service or designated agency may issue permits to domestic animal owners or their agents (e.g., employees,
land manager, local officials) to take (including intentional harassment or killing) any Mexican wolf that is present on nonFederal land where specified in the permit. Permits issued under this provision will specify the number of days for which
the permit is valid and the maximum number of Mexican wolves for which take is allowed. Take by permittees under this
provision will assist the Service or designated agency in completing control actions. Domestic animal owners or their
agents must report this take as specified in accordance with paragraph (k)(6) of this section.
(v) Take on Federal land. (A) Based on the Service's or a designated agency's discretion and in conjunction with a
removal action authorized by the Service, the Service may issue permits to livestock owners or their agents (e.g.,

employees, land manager, local officials) to take (including intentional harassment or killing) any Mexican wolf that is in the
act of biting, killing, or wounding livestock on Federal land where specified in the permit.
( 1 ) Permits issued under this provision will specify the number of days for which the permit is valid and the maximum
number of Mexican wolves for which take is allowed. Take by permittees under this provision will assist the Service or
designated agency in completing control actions. Livestock owners or their agents must report this take as specified in
accordance with paragraph (k)(6) of this section.
( 2 ) After the take of a Mexican wolf, the Service must be provided evidence that the wolf was in the act of biting, killing, or
wounding livestock at the time of take, such as evidence of freshly wounded or killed livestock. The take of any Mexican
wolf without evidence of biting, killing, or wounding domestic animals may be referred to the appropriate authorities for
investigation.
(B) Take of Mexican wolves by livestock guarding dogs, when used to protect livestock on Federal lands, is allowed. If
such take by a guard dog occurs, it must be reported as specified in accordance with paragraph (k)(6) of this section.
(C) This provision for take on Federal land does not exempt Federal agencies and their contractors from complying with
sections 7(a)(1) and 7(a)(4) of the Act, the latter of which requires a conference with the Service if they propose an action
that is likely to jeopardize the continued existence of the Mexican wolf. In areas within the National Park System and
National Wildlife Refuge System, Federal agencies must treat Mexican wolves as a threatened species for purposes of
complying with section 7 of the Act.
(vi) Take in response to unacceptable impacts to a wild ungulate herd. If the Arizona or New Mexico game and fish
agency determines that Mexican wolf predation is having an unacceptable impact to a wild ungulate herd, as defined in
paragraph (k)(3) of this section, the respective State game and fish agency may request approval from the Service that
Mexican wolves be removed from the area of the impacted wild ungulate herd. Upon written approval from the Service, the
State (Arizona or New Mexico) or any designated agency may be authorized to remove (capture and translocate in the
MWEPA, move to captivity, transfer to Mexico, or lethally take) Mexican wolves. These management actions must occur in
accordance with the following provisions:
(A) The Arizona or New Mexico game and fish agency must prepare a science-based document that:
( 1 ) Describes what data indicate that the wild ungulate herd is below management objectives, what data indicate that the
impact on the wild ungulate herd is influenced by Mexican wolf predation, why Mexican wolf removal is a warranted
solution to help restore the wild ungulate herd to State game and fish agency management objectives, the type (level and
duration) of Mexican wolf removal management action being proposed, and how wild ungulate herd response to wolf
removal will be measured and control actions adjusted for effectiveness;
( 2 ) Demonstrates that attempts were and are being made to identify other causes of wild ungulate herd declines and
possible remedies or conservation measures in addition to wolf removal;
( 3 ) If appropriate, identifies areas of suitable habitat for Mexican wolf translocation; and
( 4 ) Has been subjected to peer review and public comment prior to its submittal to the Service for written concurrence. In
order to comply with this requirement, the State game and fish agency must:
( i ) Conduct the peer review process in conformance with the Office of Management and Budget's most recent Final
Information and Quality Bulletin for Peer Review and include in their proposal an explanation of how the bulletin's
standards were considered and satisfied; and
( ii ) Obtain at least three independent peer reviews from individuals with relevant expertise other than staff employed by
the State (Arizona or New Mexico) requesting approval from the Service that Mexican wolves be removed from the area of
the affected wild ungulate herd.
(B) Before the Service will allow Mexican wolf removal in response to impacts to wild ungulates, the Service will evaluate
the information provided by the requesting State (Arizona or New Mexico) and provide a written determination to the
requesting State game and fish agency on whether such actions are scientifically based and warranted.
(C) If all of the provisions above are met, the Service will, to the maximum extent allowable under the Act, make a
determination providing for Mexican wolf removal. If the request is approved, the Service will include in the written
determination which management action (capture and translocate in MWEPA, move to captivity, transfer to Mexico, lethally
take, or no action) is most appropriate for the conservation of the Mexican wolf subspecies.
(D) Because tribes are able to request the capture and removal of Mexican wolves from tribal trust lands at any time, take
in response to impacts to wild ungulate herds is not applicable on tribal trust lands.
(vii) Take by Service personnel or a designated agency. The Service or a designated agency may take any Mexican wolf
in the experimental population in a manner consistent with a Service-approved management plan, special management
measure, biological opinion pursuant to section 7(a)(2) of the Act, conference opinion pursuant to section 7(a)(4) of the

Act, section 6 of the Act as described in § 17.31 for State game and fish agencies with authority to manage Mexican
wolves, or a valid permit issued by the Service through § 17.32.
(A) The Service or designated agency may use leg-hold traps and any other effective device or method for capturing or
killing Mexican wolves to carry out any measure that is a part of a Service-approved management plan, special
management measure, or valid permit issued by the Service under § 17.32, regardless of State law. The disposition of all
Mexican wolves (live or dead) or their parts taken as part of a Service-approved management activity must follow
provisions in Service-approved management plans or interagency agreements or procedures approved by the Service on
a case-by-case basis.
(B) The Service or designated agency may capture; kill; subject to genetic testing; place in captivity; or euthanize any feral
wolf-like animal or feral wolf hybrid found within the MWEPA that shows physical or behavioral evidence of: Hybridization
with other canids, such as domestic dogs or coyotes; being a wolf-like animal raised in captivity, other than as part of a
Service-approved wolf recovery program; or being socialized or habituated to humans. If determined to be a pure Mexican
wolf, the wolf may be returned to the wild.
(C) The Service or designated agency may carry out intentional or opportunistic harassment, nonlethal control measures,
translocation, placement in captivity, or lethal control of problem wolves. To determine the presence of problem wolves, the
Service will consider all of the following:
( 1 ) Evidence of wounded domestic animal(s) or remains of domestic animal(s) that show that the injury or death was
caused by Mexican wolves;
( 2 ) The likelihood that additional Mexican wolf-caused depredations or attacks of domestic animals may occur if no
harassment, nonlethal control, translocation, placement in captivity, or lethal control is taken;
( 3 ) Evidence of attractants or intentional feeding (baiting) of Mexican wolves; and
( 4 ) Evidence that Mexican wolves are habituated to humans, human residences, or other facilities regularly occupied by
humans, or evidence that Mexican wolves have exhibited unprovoked and aggressive behavior toward humans.
(D) Wildlife Services will not use M-44's and choking-type snares in occupied Mexican wolf range. Wildlife Services may
restrict or modify other predator control activities pursuant to a Service-approved management agreement or a conference
opinion between Wildlife Services and the Service.
(viii) Unintentional take. (A) Take of a Mexican wolf by any person is allowed if the take is unintentional and occurs while
engaging in an otherwise lawful activity. Such take must be reported as specified in accordance with paragraph (k)(6) of
this section. Hunters and other shooters have the responsibility to identify their quarry or target before shooting; therefore,
shooting a Mexican wolf as a result of mistaking it for another species will not be considered unintentional take. Take by
poisoning will not be considered unintentional take.
(B) Federal, State, or tribal agency employees or their contractors may take a Mexican wolf or wolf-like animal if the take is
unintentional and occurs while engaging in the course of their official duties. This includes, but is not limited to, military
training and testing and Department of Homeland Security border security activities. Take of Mexican wolves by Federal,
State, or tribal agencies must be reported as specified in accordance with paragraph (k)(6) of this section.
(C) Take of Mexican wolves by Wildlife Services employees while conducting official duties associated with predator
damage management activities for species other than Mexican wolves may be considered unintentional if it is coincidental
to a legal activity and the Wildlife Services employees have adhered to all applicable Wildlife Services' policies, Mexican
wolf standard operating procedures, and reasonable and prudent measures or recommendations contained in Wildlife
Service's biological and conference opinions.
(ix) Take for research purposes. The Service may issue permits under § 17.32, and designated agencies may issue
permits under State and Federal laws and regulations, for individuals to take Mexican wolves pursuant to scientific study
proposals approved by the agency or agencies with jurisdiction for Mexican wolves and for the area in which the study will
occur. Such take should lead to management recommendations for, and thus provide for the conservation of, the Mexican
wolf.
(8) Disturbance-causing land-use activities. For any activity on Federal lands that the Service determines could adversely
affect reproductive success, natural behavior, or persistence of Mexican wolves, the Service will work with Federal
agencies to use their authorities to temporarily restrict human access and disturbance-causing land-use activities within a
1-mi (1.6-km) radius around release pens when Mexican wolves are in them, around active dens between approximately
April 1 and July 31, and around active Mexican wolf rendezvous sites between approximately June 1 and September 30,
as necessary.
(9) Management. (i) On private land within Zones 1 and 2, as defined in paragraph (k)(3) of this section, of the MWEPA,
the Service or designated agency may develop and implement management actions to benefit Mexican wolf recovery in
cooperation with willing private landowners, including initial release and translocation of Mexican wolves onto such lands in
Zones 1 or 2 if requested by the landowner and with the concurrence of the State game and fish agency.

(ii) On tribal trust land within Zones 1 and 2, as defined in paragraph (k)(3) of this section, of the MWEPA, the Service or a
designated agency may develop and implement management actions in cooperation with willing tribal governments,
including: occupancy by natural dispersal, initial release, and translocation of Mexican wolves onto such lands. No
agreement between the Service and a Tribe is necessary for the capture and removal of Mexican wolves from tribal trust
lands if requested by the tribal government.
(iii) Based on end-of-year counts, we will manage for a population objective of 300 to 325 Mexican wolves in the MWEPA
in Arizona and New Mexico. So as not to exceed this population objective, we will exercise all management options with
preference for translocation to other Mexican wolf populations to further the conservation of the subspecies. The Service
may change this provision as necessary to accommodate a new recovery plan.
(iv) We are implementing a phased approach to Mexican wolf management within the MWEPA in western Arizona as
follows:
(A) Phase 1 will be implemented for the first 5 years following February 17, 2015. During this phase, initial releases and
translocation of Mexican wolves can occur throughout Zone 1 with the exception of the area west of State Highway 87 in
Arizona. No translocations can be conducted west of State Highway 87 in Arizona in Zone 2. Mexican wolves can disperse
naturally from Zones 1 and 2 into, and occupy, the MWEPA (Zones 1, 2, and 3, as defined in paragraph (k)(3) of this
section). However, during Phase 1, dispersal and occupancy in Zone 2 west of State Highway 87 will be limited to the area
north of State Highway 260 and west to Interstate 17. A map of Phase 1 follows:
[Please see PDF for image: ER16JA15.021]
(B) In Phase 2, initial releases and translocation of Mexican wolves can occur throughout Zone 1 including the area west of
State Highway 87 in Arizona. No translocations can be conducted west of Interstate Highway 17 in Arizona. Mexican
wolves can disperse naturally from Zones 1 and 2 into, and occupy, the MWEPA (Zones 1, 2, and 3, as defined in
paragraph (k)(3) of this section). However, during Phase 2, dispersal and occupancy west of Interstate Highway 17 will be
limited to the area east of Highway 89 in Arizona. A map of Phase 2 follows:
[Please see PDF for image: ER16JA15.022]
(C) In Phase 3, initial release and translocation of Mexican wolves can occur throughout Zone 1. No translocations can be
conducted west of State Highway 89 in Arizona. Mexican wolves can disperse naturally from Zones 1 and 2 into, and
occupy, the MWEPA (Zones 1, 2, and 3, as defined in paragraph (k)(3) of this section). A map of Phase 3 follows:
[Please see PDF for image: ER16JA15.023]
(D) While implementing this phased approach, two evaluations will be conducted: The first evaluation will cover the first 5
years and the second evaluation will cover the first 8 years after February 17, 2015 in order to determine if we will move
forward with the next phase.
( 1 ) Each phase evaluation will consider adverse human interactions with Mexican wolves, impacts to wild ungulate herds,
and whether or not the Mexican wolf population in the MWEPA is achieving a population number consistent with a 10
percent annual growth rate based on end-of-year counts, such that 5 years after February 17, 2015, the population of
Mexican wolves in the wild is at least 150, and 8 years after February 17, 2015, the population of Mexican wolves in the
wild is at least 200.
( 2 ) If we have not achieved this population growth, we will move forward to the next phase. Regardless of the outcome of
the two evaluations, by the beginning of year 12 from February 17, 2015, we will move to full implementation of this rule
throughout the MWEPA, and the phased management approach will no longer apply.
(E) The phasing may be expedited with the concurrence of participating State game and fish agencies.
(10) Evaluation. The Service will evaluate Mexican wolf reestablishment progress and prepare periodic progress reports
and detailed annual reports. In addition, approximately 5 years after February 17, 2015, the Service will prepare a one-time
overall evaluation of the experimental population program that focuses on modifications needed to improve the efficacy of
this rule, reestablishment of Mexican wolves to the wild, and the contribution the experimental population is making to the
recovery of the Mexican wolf.
(l) Grizzly bear ( Ursus arctos horribilis ). (1) Where does this special rule apply? The special rule in this paragraph (l)
applies to the designated Bitterroot Grizzly Bear Experimental Population Area (Experimental Population Area), which is
found within the species' historic range and is defined as follows:
THE BOUNDARIES OF THE EXPERIMENTAL POPULATION AREA ARE DELINEATED BY U.S. 93 FROM ITS JUNCTION WITH THE
BITTERROOT RIVER NEAR MISSOULA, MONTANA, TO CHALLIS, IDAHO; IDAHO 75 FROM CHALLIS TO STANLEY, IDAHO;
IDAHO 21 FROM STANLEY TO LOWMAN, IDAHO; STATE HIGHWAY 17 FROM LOWMAN TO BANKS, IDAHO; IDAHO 55 FROM
BANKS TO NEW MEADOWS, IDAHO; U.S. 95 FROM NEW MEADOWS TO COEUR D'ALENE, IDAHO; INTERSTATE 90 FROM
COEUR D'ALENE, IDAHO, TO ITS JUNCTION WITH THE CLARK FORK RIVER NEAR ST. REGIS, MONTANA; THE CLARK FORK
RIVER FROM ITS JUNCTION WITH INTERSTATE 90 NEAR ST. REGIS TO ITS CONFLUENCE WITH THE BITTERROOT RIVER
NEAR MISSOULA, MONTANA; AND THE BITTERROOT RIVER FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH THE CLARK FORK RIVER TO ITS
JUNCTION WITH U.S. HIGHWAY 93, NEAR MISSOULA, MONTANA (SEE MAP AT THE END OF THIS PARAGRAPH (L)).

(2) What is the legal status of the grizzly bear? (i) The grizzly bear is listed as “threatened” in § 17.11 (h) and protected
under this part. However, the grizzly bear population to which this paragraph (l) applies is considered a nonessential
experimental population in accordance with section 10(j) of the Act.
(ii) We have determined that, as of December 18, 2000, no grizzly bear population exists in the Experimental Population
Area. We find, in accordance with § 17.81 (b), that the reintroduction of grizzly bears as a nonessential experimental
population, as defined in § 17.81 (b), will further the conservation of the species and will be consistent with provisions of
section 10(j) of the Act, which requires that an experimental population be geographically separate from other
nonexperimental populations of the same species. We also find, in accordance with § 17.81 (c)(2), that the experimental
population of grizzly bears in the Experimental Population Area is not essential to the survival of the species in the wild.
(iii) Grizzly bears within the Experimental Population Area and the Recovery Area will be accommodated through
management provisions provided for in this paragraph (l) and through management plans and policies developed by the
Citizen Management Committee (Committee; see paragraph (l)(6) of this section). After reintroduction, every grizzly bear
found within the Experimental Population Area will be considered a member of the nonessential experimental population.
(iv) In the conterminous United States, a grizzly bear that is outside the Experimental Population Area identified in
paragraph (l)(1) of this section will be considered as threatened.
(3) Where will grizzly bears be released, and where will recovery be emphasized? The Bitterroot Grizzly Bear Recovery
Area identifies the area of recovery emphasis within the Experimental Population Area. The Recovery Area consists of the
Selway-Bitterroot Wilderness and the Frank Church-River of No Return Wilderness (See map at the end of paragraph (l) of
this section). All reintroductions will take place in the Selway-Bitterroot Wilderness unless it is later determined that
reintroduction in the Frank Church-River of No Return Wilderness is appropriate. If, in the future, new wilderness areas are
designated adjacent to the Recovery Area, the Committee may recommend to the Secretary their addition to the Recovery
Area. The Secretary would have to amend this paragraph (l) to change the definition of the Recovery Area.
(4) What activities are prohibited in the Experimental Population Area? (i) You may not take (see definition in § 10.12 of
this subchapter) any grizzly bear in the Experimental Population Area, except as provided in this paragraph (l). We may
refer unauthorized take of grizzly bears to the appropriate authorities for prosecution.
(ii) You may not possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, ship, import, or export by any means whatsoever any grizzly bear or
parts thereof that are taken from the Experimental Population Area or possessed in violation of the regulations in this
paragraph (l) or in violation of applicable State wildlife conservation laws or regulations or the Act.
(iii) You may not attempt to commit, solicit another to commit, or cause to be committed, any offense defined in this
paragraph (l).
(5) What activities are allowed in the Experimental Population Area? (i) For purposes of this paragraph (l), except for
persons engaged in hunting or shooting activities, you will not be in violation of the Act for “unavoidable and unintentional
take” (see definition in paragraph (l)(16) of this section) of grizzly bears within the Experimental Population Area when
such take is incidental to a legal activity and is not a result of negligent conduct lacking reasonable due care, and when
due care was exercised to avoid the taking. Any taking must be reported within 24 hours to appropriate authorities as listed
in paragraph (l)(5)(iii) of this section. Persons lawfully engaged in hunting or shooting activities must correctly identify their
target before shooting in order to avoid illegally shooting a grizzly bear. Shooting a grizzly bear as a result of mistaking it
for another species is considered a lack of reasonable due care. The act of taking a grizzly bear that is wrongly identified
as another species may be referred to appropriate authorities for prosecution.
(ii) Any person with a valid permit issued by us may take grizzly bears in the Experimental Population Area for scientific
purposes, the enhancement of propagation or survival of the species, zoological exhibition, and other conservation
purposes. Such permits must be consistent with the Act, with management plans adopted for the nonessential
experimental population, and with applicable State wildlife conservation laws and regulations.
(iii) You may take grizzly bears in the Experimental Population Area in self-defense or in defense of the lives of others.
Such taking must be reported within 24 hours as to date, exact location, and circumstances to the Grizzly Bear Recovery
Coordinator, University Hall, Room 309, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana 59812 (406-243-4903); or the Assistant
Regional Director for Law Enforcement, Eastside Federal Complex, 911 NE 11th Avenue, Portland, Oregon 97232-4181
(503-231-6125); or the Assistant Regional Director for Law Enforcement, P.O. Box 25486, DFC, Denver, Colorado 80225
(303-236-7540); and either the Idaho Department of Fish and Game, P.O. Box 25, Boise Idaho 83707 (208-334-3700); or
the Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks, 1420 E. Sixth Avenue, Helena, Montana 59620 (406-444-2535); and
Nez Perce Tribal authorities (208-843-2253) (as appropriate).
(iv) Livestock owners may obtain a permit from the Service, and the Idaho Department of Fish and Game, the Montana
Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks, or appropriate Tribal authorities to harass (see definition in § 17.3) grizzly bears
found in the Experimental Population Area that are actually pursuing or killing livestock (to include permitting the use of
livestock guard dogs around livestock to harass such grizzly bears). Prior to issuance of such a permit, authorized State,
Federal, or Tribal officials must document pursuit or killing of livestock. All such harassment must be accomplished by an
opportunistic, noninjurious method (see definition of “opportunistic, noninjurious harassment” in paragraph (l)(16) of this

section) to the grizzly bear, and such harassment must be reported within 24 hours as to date, exact location, and
circumstances to the authorities listed under paragraph (l)(5)(iii) of this section.
(v) Livestock owners may obtain a permit from the Service, and the Idaho Department of Fish and Game, the Montana
Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks or appropriate Tribal authorities to take grizzly bears on private lands found in the
Experimental Population Area in a manner other than harassment as defined in this paragraph (l), in order to protect
livestock actually pursued or being killed on private property. Prior to issuance of such a permit, authorized State, Federal,
or Tribal officials must document pursuit or killing of livestock. Any response protocol established by the Committee must
have been satisfied and efforts to capture depredating grizzly bears by Service or State or Tribal wildlife agency personnel
must have proven unsuccessful. All such taking must be reported as to date, exact location, and circumstances within 24
hours to the authorities listed under paragraph (l)(5)(iii) of this section.
(vi) Any authorized employee or agent of the Service or appropriate State wildlife agency or Nez Perce Tribe who is
lawfully designated for such purposes, when acting in the course of official duties, may take a grizzly bear from the wild in
the Experimental Population Area if such action is necessary to:
(A) Aid a sick, injured, or orphaned grizzly bear;
(B) Dispose of a dead grizzly bear, or salvage a dead grizzly bear that may be useful for scientific study;
(C) Take a grizzly bear that constitutes a demonstrable but nonimmediate threat to human safety or that is responsible for
depredations to lawfully present domestic animals or other personal property, if otherwise eliminating such depredation or
loss of personal property has not been possible, and after eliminating such threat by live-capturing and releasing the
grizzly bear unharmed in the area defined in paragraph (l)(2) of this section or other areas approved by the Committee has
been demonstrated not to be possible;
(D) Move a grizzly bear for genetic management purposes;
(E) Relocate grizzly bears within the Experimental Population Area to improve grizzly bear survival and recovery
prospects; or (F) Relocate a grizzly bear to avoid conflict with human activities. However, grizzly bears in the Experimental
Population Area will not be disturbed unless they demonstrate a real and imminent threat to human safety, livestock, or
bees. Unless the Committee determines otherwise, this rule provides that on private lands outside the national forest
boundary in the Bitterroot Valley, Montana (exclusion area), any human/grizzly conflicts will be considered unacceptable.
Grizzly bear occupancy will be discouraged in the exclusion area, and grizzly bears found there will be captured and
returned to the Recovery Area, or placed in captivity, or destroyed, depending on the history of each bear. If a grizzly bear
enters the exclusion area, State and Federal wildlife management agencies will attempt to capture it immediately and
notify the public of its presence as soon as possible. The public will be kept updated until the bear is caught. Further, any
grizzly bear that occupies inhabited human settlement areas on private land within the Experimental Population Area that,
in the judgment of the management agencies or Committee, presents a clear threat to human safety or whose behavior
indicates that it may become habituated to humans, will be relocated or destroyed by management agencies.
(6) How will local citizens be involved in the management of the Bitterroot nonessential experimental grizzly bear
population? (i) The Secretary will establish a Citizen Management Committee for the Bitterroot grizzly bear experimental
population and will authorize management implementation responsibility as described in paragraph (l)(9) of this section, in
consultation with the Governors of Idaho and Montana. As soon as possible after the effective date of this rule, the
Secretary will organize the Committee by requesting nominations of citizen members from the Governors of Idaho and
Montana and the Nez Perce Tribe and nominations of agency members by represented agencies.
(ii) The Committee will be composed of 15 members serving 6-year terms. Appointments may initially be of lesser terms to
ensure staggered replacement.
(A) Membership will consist of seven individuals appointed by the Secretary based upon the recommendations of the
Governor of Idaho, five members appointed by the Secretary based upon the recommendations of the Governor of
Montana, one member representing the Nez Perce Tribe appointed by the Secretary based on the recommendation of the
Nez Perce Tribe, one member representing the Forest Service appointed by the Secretary of Agriculture, and one member
representing the Fish and Wildlife Service appointed by the Secretary. Members recommended by the Governors of Idaho
and Montana will be based on the recommendations of interested parties and will include at least one representative each
from the appropriate State wildlife agencies. If either Governor or the Tribe fails to make recommendations within 60 days,
the Secretary (or his/her designee) will accept recommendations from interested parties, and will make the appointments.
(B) The Committee will consist of a cross-section of interests reflecting a balance of viewpoints, and members are to be
selected for their diversity of knowledge and experience in natural resource issues, and for their commitment to
collaborative decision-making. In their recommendations to the Secretary, the Governors of Idaho and Montana will attach
written documentation of the qualifications of those nominated relating to their knowledge of, and experience in, natural
resource issues and their commitment to collaborative decision-making.
(C) Except for the representatives from Federal agencies, the Committee will be selected from communities within and
adjacent to the Recovery and Experimental Population Areas.

(D) The Secretary will fill vacancies as they occur with the appropriate members based on the recommendation of the
appropriate Governor, the Nez Perce Tribe, or agency.
(7) Will independent scientific information be readily available to the Committee? The Secretary will appoint two scientific
advisors to the Committee as nonvoting members to attend all meetings of the Committee and to provide scientific
expertise to the Committee. These scientific advisors will not be employed by Federal agencies involved in grizzly bear
recovery. The Secretary will contact the Wildlife Society Chapters in Idaho and Montana and the Universities of Idaho and
Montana for nominations and will select one wildlife scientist representing each State and appoint them as advisors to the
Committee.
(8) What is the overall mission of the Committee, and how will it operate? (i) The mission of the Committee is to facilitate
recovery of the grizzly bear in the Bitterroot ecosystem by assisting in implementing the Bitterroot ecosystem chapter of
the recovery plan (Bitterroot Ecosystem Recovery Plan Chapter—Supplement to the Grizzly Bear Recovery Plan, U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service, Missoula, Montana, 1996). The Committee will make recommendations to land and wildlife
management agencies that it believes will lead to recovery of the grizzly bear. Decisions on, and implementation of, these
recommendations are the responsibility of the land and wildlife management agencies.
(ii) The Committee will meet a minimum of two times per year. These meetings will be open to the public. Additionally, the
committee will provide reasonable public notice of meetings, produce and provide written minutes of meetings to interested
persons, and involve the public in its decision-making process. This public participation process will allow members of the
public and/or special interest groups to have input to Committee decisions and management actions.
(9) What authority will the Committee have, and what will be its primary tasks? The Committee will have the authority and
the responsibility to carry out the following functions:
(i) Developing a process for obtaining the best biological, social, and economic data. This process will include an explicit
mechanism for soliciting peer-reviewed, scientific articles on grizzly bears and their management, and holding periodic
public meetings not less than every 2 years, in which qualified scientists may submit comments to and be questioned by
the Committee. The two scientific advisors will lead this process. The Committee will base its decisions upon the best
scientific and commercial data available. All decisions of the Committee, including components of its management plans,
must lead toward recovery of the grizzly bear in the Bitterroot ecosystem and minimize social and economic impacts to the
extent practicable within the context of the existing recovery goals for the species.
(ii) Soliciting technical advice and guidance from outside experts. The scientific advisors will lead the development of an
ongoing process to provide the Committee with the best scientific and commercial data available. The scientific advisors
will provide this information in the form of peer-reviewed scientific articles on grizzly bears and their management,
Committee meetings with presentations by scientific experts, and requests to State and Federal management agencies
and the private sector for scientific expertise and advice.
(iii) Implementing the Bitterroot Ecosystem Chapter of the Grizzly Bear Recovery Plan consistent with this paragraph (l).
The Committee will develop recommendations on existing management plans and policies of land and wildlife
management agencies, as necessary, for the management of grizzly bears in the Experimental Population Area. The
Committee will make recommendations to land and wildlife management agencies regarding changes to plans and
policies, but the final decision on implementation of those recommendations will be made by those agencies. If Committee
recommendations require significant changes to existing plans and policy, and the agencies tentatively agree to accept
those recommendations, then the requirements of the National Environmental Policy Act may apply. Such management
plans and policies will be in accordance with applicable State and Federal laws. The Committee will give full consideration
to Service comments and opinions and those of the Forest Service, Idaho Department of Fish and Game, the Montana
Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks, and the Nez Perce Tribe.
(iv) Providing means by which the public may participate in, review, and comment on the decisions of the Committee. The
Committee must thoroughly consider and respond to public input prior to making decisions.
(v) Developing its internal processes, where appropriate, such as governance, decision-making, quorum, terms of
members, officers, meeting schedules and location, public notice of meetings, and minutes.
(vi) Requesting staff support from the Service, the Idaho Department of Fish and Game, Montana Department of Fish,
Wildlife and Parks, Forest Service, other affected Federal agencies, and the Nez Perce Tribe, when necessary to perform
administrative functions, and requesting reimbursement from us for non-Federal Committee members for costs associated
with travel, lodging, and incidentals.
(vii) Reviewing existing grizzly bear standards and guidelines used by the Forest Service and other agencies and
landowners. The Committee will perform an annual review of grizzly bear mortalities and the number and location of
bear/human conflicts. This review will be the primary mechanism to assess the adequacy of existing management
techniques and standards. If the Committee deems such standards and guidelines inadequate for recovery of grizzly
bears, the Committee may recommend changes to the Forest Service and other agencies and landowners.
(viii) Developing grizzly bear guidance for proper camping and sanitation within the Experimental Population Area and
making recommendations to land management agencies for adoption of such guidelines. Existing camping and sanitation

procedures developed in other ecosystems with grizzly bears will serve as a basis for such guidelines.
(ix) Developing a protocol for responding to grizzly/human encounters, livestock depredations, damage to lawfully present
property, and other grizzly/human conflicts within the Experimental Population Area. Any response protocol developed by
the Committee will have to undergo public comment and be revised as appropriate based on comments received. Any
conflicts or mortalities associated with these activities will result in review by the Committee to determine what the
Committee may do to help prevent future conflicts or mortalities. The Committee will recommend, as necessary, policy
changes on trail restrictions for human safety to appropriate wildlife and land management agencies.
(x) Recommending to the Service changes to recovery criteria, including mortality limits, population determinations, and
other criteria for recovery as appropriate.
(xi) Reviewing all human-caused grizzly bear mortalities to determine whether new measures for avoiding future
occurrences are required and make recommendations on such measures to appropriate land and wildlife management
agencies. If grizzly bear mortalities occur as a result of black bear hunting, the Committee will work with the State Fish and
Game Departments in both Idaho and Montana to develop solutions to minimize the effects on grizzly bears of black bear
hunting.
(xii) Developing strategies to emphasize recovery inside the Recovery Area and to accommodate grizzly bears inside other
areas of the Experimental Population Area.
(A) Grizzly bears may range outside the Recovery Area because grizzly bear habitat exists throughout the Experimental
Population Area. The Committee will not recommend that bears be disturbed or moved unless conflicts are both significant
and cannot be corrected as determined by the Committee. This provision includes conflicts associated with livestock, for
which the Committee will develop strategies to discourage grizzly bear occupancy in portions of the Experimental
Population Area outside of the Recovery Area.
(B) Unless the Committee determines otherwise, this rule provides that private land outside the national forest boundary in
the Bitterroot Valley, Montana (exclusion area), is an area where any human/grizzly conflicts will be considered
unacceptable. Grizzly bear occupancy will be discouraged in these areas, and grizzly bears will be captured and returned
to the Recovery Area. If a grizzly bear enters the exclusion area, State and Federal wildlife management agencies will
attempt to capture it immediately and notify the public of its presence as soon as possible. The public will be kept updated
until the bear is caught. Further, any grizzly bear that occupies the exclusion area or other inhabited human settlement
areas on private land within the Experimental Population Area that, in the judgment of the management agencies or
Committee, presents a clear threat to human safety or whose behavior indicates that it may become habituated to humans,
will be relocated or destroyed by management agencies.
(xiii) Establishing standards for determining whether the experimental reintroduction has been successful and making
recommendations on the inclusion of such standards in the Grizzly Bear Recovery Plan. These standards will be based on
the best scientific and commercial information available and will reflect that, absent extraordinary circumstances, the
success or failure of the program cannot be measured in fewer than 20 years. General guidelines for the standards by
which failure will be measured include, but are not limited to, one or more of the following conditions:
(A) If, within the number of years established by the Committee following initial reintroduction, no relocated grizzly bear
remains within the Experimental Population Area and the reasons for emigration or mortality cannot be identified and/or
remedied; or
(B) If, within the number of years established by the Committee following initial reintroduction, no cubs of the year or
yearlings exist and the relocated bears are not showing signs of successful reproduction as evidenced by no cubs of the
year or yearlings.
(xiv) Developing procedures for the expeditious issuance of permits described in paragraphs (l)(5)(iv) and (l)(5)(v) of this
section, and making recommendations on such procedures to appropriate agencies.
(xv) Developing 2-year work plans for the recovery effort for submittal to the Secretary pursuant to paragraph (l)(11)(i) of
this section.
(xvi) Establishing, based on the best available science, a refined interim recovery goal for the Bitterroot Ecosystem
Chapter of the Grizzly Bear Recovery Plan and a final recovery goal when sufficient information is available and after
grizzly bears are reintroduced and occupy suitable habitats in the Experimental Population Area. As this information
becomes available, the Committee may recommend the recovery goal to the Secretary along with procedures for
determining how this goal will be measured. The recovery goal for the Bitterroot grizzly bear population will be consistent
with the habitat available within the Recovery Area. Additional adjacent areas of public land can be considered for
contribution of suitable habitat when setting the recovery goal if additional land is shown to be necessary by the best
scientific and commercial data available. Any recommendations for revised recovery goals developed by the Committee
will require public review and our approval as appropriate prior to revision of any recovery plan. Grizzly bears outside the
Recovery Area and within the Experimental Population Area can contribute to meeting the recovery goal if their long-term
occupancy in such habitats outside the Recovery Area is reasonably certain.

(10) What agencies will be responsible for day-to-day management activities? The Idaho Department of Fish and Game,
the Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks, the Nez Perce Tribe, and the Forest Service, in coordination with us,
will exercise day-to-day management responsibility within the Experimental Population Area in accordance with this
paragaraph (l). The Service and these cooperating agencies will share management responsibility as per agreements with,
and in consideration of, recommendations from the Committee.
(11) How will progress of the Committee be monitored; and what process will be followed by the Secretary to resolve
disputes over whether Committee actions are leading to recovery? (i) The Secretary or our representative on the
Committee will review the Committee's 2-year work plans (see paragraph (l)(9)(xv) of this section). If the Secretary
determines, through our representative on the Committee, that the Committee's decisions, work plans, or the
implementation of those plans are not leading to the recovery of the grizzly bear within the Experimental Population Area
or are not in compliance with this paragraph (l), our representative will ask the Committee to determine whether such a
decision, plan, or implementation of a plan is leading to recovery and is in compliance with this paragraph (l). The
Secretary, who retains final responsibility and authority for implementation of the Act, will review the Committee's
determination, as provided in paragraphs (l)(11)(ii) through (iv) of this section, and then make a final determination. Should
the Secretary find that a decision, work plan, or implementation of a plan by the Committee is inadequate for recovery of
the grizzly bear or is not in compliance with this paragraph (l), the Secretary may assume lead management responsibility.
(ii) The Service representative will consider Committee input before making any determination that Committee actions are
not leading to recovery or are not in compliance with this paragraph (l). In the event that our representative on the
Committee determines that the actions of the Committee are not leading to recovery of the Bitterroot grizzly bear
population or are not in compliance with this paragraph (l), he or she will recommend to the Committee, based on the best
scientific and commercial data available, alternative or corrective actions and provide 6 months for the Committee to
accomplish those actions. Should the Committee reject these corrective actions, our representative will convene a
Scientific Review Panel of three and will submit to the panel for review those Committee actions or decisions that he or she
has determined are not leading to recovery or are not in compliance with this paragrpah (l). The Service representative will
consider the views of all Committee members prior to convening a Scientific Review Panel.
(iii) Members of the Scientific Review Panel will be professional scientists who have had no involvement with the
Committee and are not employed by Federal agencies responsible for grizzly bear recovery efforts. The Secretary will
select one member of the panel, and the Governors of Idaho and Montana in consultation with the Universities of Idaho
and Montana (respectively), will select one panel member each. The Scientific Review Panel will review Committee actions
or decisions, solicit additional information if necessary and, using the best scientific and commercial data available, make
timely recommendations to the Committee as to whether Committee actions will lead to recovery of the grizzly bear in the
Bitterroot ecosystem and are in compliance with paragraph (l). Examples of Committee actions, decisions, or lack of
actions that can be submitted to the Scientific Review Panel include, but are not limited to, the following: sufficiency of
public involvement in Committee activities; decisions involving sanitation and outreach activities; management of nuisance
bears; adequacy of recommendations to land and wildlife management agencies; adequacy of Committee actions in
addressing issues such as excessive human-caused grizzly bear mortality; and other actions important to recovery of the
grizzly bear in the Bitterroot ecosystem. Committee compliance with paragraph (l) provides the basis for the
recommendations of the Scientific Review Panel.
(iv) If, after timely review, the Committee rejects the recommendations of the Scientific Review Panel, and our
representative determines that Committee actions are not leading to recovery of the Bitterroot population, he or she will
notify the Secretary. The Secretary will review the Panel's recommendations and determine the disposition of the
Committee.
(A) If the Secretary determines that the Committee should maintain lead management responsibility, the Committee will
continue to operate according to the provisions of this paragraph (l) until the recovery objectives under paragraph (l)(9)(xvi)
of this section or the Bitterroot Ecosystem Chapter of the Recovery Plan have been met and the Secretary has completed
delisting.
(B) If the Secretary decides to assume lead management responsibility, the Secretary will consult with the Governors of
Idaho and Montana regarding that decision and further attempt to resolve the disagreement. If, after such consultation, the
Secretary assumes lead management responsibility, the Secretary will publish a notice in the Federal Register explaining
the rationale for the determination and notify the Governors of Idaho and Montana. The Committee will disband, and all
requirements identified in this paragraph (l) regarding the Committee will be nullified.
(12) How will the Bitterroot grizzly bear population be monitored? The reintroduced population will be monitored closely by
Federal and State agencies in cooperation with the Committee for the duration of the recovery process, generally by use of
radio telemetry as appropriate.
(13) How will success or failure of the project be evaluated? The status of Bitterroot grizzly bear recovery will be
reevaluated separately by the Committee and by the Secretary at 5-year intervals. This review will take into account the
reproductive success of the grizzly bears released, human-caused mortality, movement patterns of individual bears, food
habits, and overall health of the population and will recommend changes and improvements in the recovery program.
Evaluating these parameters will assist in determining success or failure of the restoration.

(14) What process will be followed if the Secretary determines the project has failed? (i) If, based on the criteria
established by the Committee, the Secretary, after consultation with the Committee, the Governors of Idaho and Montana,
the Idaho Department of Fish and Game, the Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks, and the Nez Perce Tribe,
determines that the reintroduction has failed to produce a self-sustaining population, this paragraph (l) will not be used to
reintroduce additional bears. Any remaining bears will retain their experimental status.
(ii) Prior to declaring the experimental reintroduction a failure, we will investigate the probable causes of the failure. If the
causes can be determined, and legal and reasonable remedial measures identified and implemented, we will consider
continuing the recovery effort and maintaining the relocated population. If such reasonable measures cannot be identified
and implemented, we will publish the results of our evaluation in the Federal Register in a proposed rulemaking to
terminate the authority for additional experimental grizzly bear reintroductions in the Bitterroot ecosystem.
(15) Will the legal status of grizzly bears in the Experimental Population Area change? We do not intend to change the
“nonessential experimental” designation to “essential experimental,” “threatened,” or “endangered” and foresee no likely
situation that would result in such changes. Critical habitat cannot be designated under the nonessential experimental
classification, 16 U.S.C. 1539(j)(2)(C)(ii).
(16) What are the definitions of key terms used in the special rule in this paragraph (l)? In addition to terms defined in § 
10.12 and 17.3 of this subchapter, the following terms apply to this paragraph (l):
Accommodate means allowing grizzly bears that move outside the Recovery Area onto public land in the Experimental
Population Area to remain undisturbed unless they demonstrate a real and imminent threat to human safety or livestock.
Citizen Management Committee (Committee) means that Committee described in paragraph (l)(6) of this section.
Current range means the area inside or within 10 miles of the recovery zone line of currently occupied grizzly bear
recovery zones or any area where there is a grizzly bear population, as defined in this paragraph (l)(16).
Exclusion area (Bitterroot Valley) means those private lands in Montana lying within the Bitterroot Experimental Population
Area in the Bitterroot Valley outside the Bitterroot National Forest boundary south of U.S. Highway 12 to Lost Trail Pass
and west of Highway 93.
Experimental Population Area (Bitterroot Grizzly Bear Experimental Population Area) means that area delineated in
paragraph (l)(1) of this section within which management plans developed as part of the Committee described in
paragraph (l)(9) of this section will be in effect. This area includes the Recovery Area. The Experimental Population Area is
within the historic range of the grizzly bear, but geographically separate from the current range of the grizzly bear.
Geographically separate means separated by more than 10 miles. The term refers to “wholly separate geographically” in
section 10(j)(2) of the Act. The Experimental Population Area and the recovery zone boundary of any existing grizzly bear
population must be geographically separate.
Grizzly bear population is defined by verified evidence within the previous 6 years which consists of photos within the
area, verified tracks, or sightings by reputable scientists or agency personnel of at least two different female grizzly bears
with young or one female with different litters in 2 different years in an area geographically separate from other grizzly bear
populations. Verifiable evidence of females with young, to be geographically separate, would have to occur greater than 10
miles from the nearest nonexperimental grizzly bear population recovery zone boundary.
Opportunistic, noninjurious harassment means harassment (see definition of “harass” in § 17.3) that occurs when the
grizzly bear presents itself (for example, the bear travels onto and is observed on private land or near livestock). This
paragraph (l) permits only this type of harassment. You cannot track, attract, search out, or chase a grizzly bear and then
harass it. Any harassment must not cause bodily injury or death to the grizzly bear. The intent of harassment permitted by
this definition is to scare bears away from the immediate area.
Recovery Area (Bitterroot Grizzly Bear Recovery Area) means the area of recovery emphasis within the Experimental
Population Area, and is delineated in paragraph (l)(2) of this section. This area consists of the Selway-Bitterroot and Frank
Church-River of No Return Wilderness areas. The Recovery Area is within the historic range of the species.
Recovery emphasis means grizzly bear management decisions in the Recovery Area will favor bear recovery so that this
area can serve as core habitat for survival, reproduction, and dispersal of the recovering population. Reintroduction of
grizzly bears is planned to occur within the Selway-Bitterroot Wilderness portion of the Recovery Area unless it is later
determined that reintroduction in the Frank Church-River of No Return Wilderness is appropriate.
Unavoidable and unintentional take means accidental, unintentional take (see definition of take in § 10.12 of this
subchapter) that occurs despite reasonable care, is incidental to an otherwise lawful activity, and is not done on purpose.
An example would be striking a grizzly bear with an automobile. Taking a grizzly bear by shooting will not be considered
unavoidable and unintentional take. Shooters have the responsibility to be sure of their targets.
[Please see PDF for image: ER17NO00.008]

(m) Spotfin chub (=turquoise shiner) ( Erimonax monachus )—(1) Where is the spotfin chub designated as a nonessential
experimental population (NEP)? We have designated three populations of this species as NEPs: the Tellico River NEP, the
Shoal Creek NEP, and the French Broad River and Holston River NEP. This species is not currently known to exist in the
Tellico River or its tributaries, the Shoal Creek or its tributaries, or any of the tributaries to the free-flowing reaches of the
French Broad River below Douglas Dam, Knox and Sevier Counties, Tennessee, or of the Holston River below the
Cherokee Dam, Knox, Grainger, and Jefferson Counties, Tennessee. Based on its habitat requirements, we do not expect
this species to become established outside the NEP areas. However, if individuals move upstream or downstream or into
tributaries outside any of the designated NEP areas, we would presume that those individuals came from the closest
reintroduced population. We would then amend this regulation and enlarge the boundaries of the NEP area to include the
entire range of the expanded population.
(i) The Tellico River NEP area is within the species' probable historic range and is defined as follows: The Tellico River,
between the backwaters of the Tellico Reservoir (approximately Tellico River mile 19 (30.4 kilometers (km)) and Tellico
River mile 33 (52.8 km), near the Tellico Ranger Station, Monroe County, Tennessee.
(ii) The Shoal Creek NEP area is within the species' historic range and is defined as follows: Shoal Creek (from Shoal
Creek mile 41.7 (66.7 km)) at the mouth of Long Branch, Lawrence County, TN, downstream to the backwaters of Wilson
Reservoir (Shoal Creek mile 14 (22 km)) at Goose Shoals, Lauderdale County, AL, including the lower 5 miles (8 km) of all
tributaries that enter this reach.
(iii) The French Broad River and Holston River NEP area is within the species' historic range and is defined as follows: the
French Broad River, Knox and Sevier Counties, Tennessee, from the base of Douglas Dam (river mile (RM) 32.3 (51.7
km)) downstream to the confluence with the Holston River; then up the Holston River, Knox, Grainger, and Jefferson
Counties, Tennessee, to the base of Cherokee Dam (RM 52.3 (83.7 km)); and the lower 5 RM (8 km) of all tributaries that
enter these river reaches.
(iv) We do not intend to change the NEP designations to “essential experimental,” “threatened,” or “endangered” within the
NEP area. Additionally, we will not designate critical habitat for these NEPs, as provided by 16 U.S.C. 1539(j)(2)(C)(ii).
(2) What activities are not allowed in the NEP area? (i) Except as expressly allowed in paragraph (m)(3) of this section, all
the provisions of § 17.31(a) and (b) apply to the spotfin chub.
(ii) Any manner of take not described under paragraph (m)(3) of this section is prohibited in the NEP area. We may refer
unauthorized take of this species to the appropriate authorities for prosecution.
(iii) You may not possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, ship, import, or export by any means whatsoever any of the
identified fishes, or parts thereof, that are taken or possessed in violation of paragraph (m)(2) of this section or in violation
of the applicable State fish and wildlife laws or regulations or the Act.
(iv) You may not attempt to commit, solicit another to commit, or cause to be committed any offense defined in paragraph
(m)(2) of this section.
(3) What take is allowed in the NEP area? Take of this species that is accidental and incidental to an otherwise legal
activity, such as recreation (e.g., fishing, boating, wading, trapping, or swimming), forestry, agriculture, and other activities
that are in accordance with Federal, State, and local laws and regulations, is allowed.
(4) How will the effectiveness of these reintroductions be monitored? (i) In the Tellico River NEP area, we will prepare
periodic progress reports and fully evaluate these reintroduction efforts after 5 and 10 years to determine whether to
continue or terminate the reintroduction efforts.
(ii) In the Shoal Creek NEP area, after the initial stocking of fish, we will monitor annually their presence or absence and
document any spawning behavior or young-of-the-year fish that might be present. This monitoring will be conducted
primarily by snorkeling or seining and will be accomplished by contracting with the appropriate species experts. We will
produce annual reports detailing the stocking rates and monitoring activities that took place during the previous year. We
will also fully evaluate these reintroduction efforts after 5 and 10 years to determine whether to continue or terminate the
reintroduction efforts.
(iii) In the Lower French Broad and Lower Holston Rivers NEP area , after the initial stocking of these species, we will
monitor annually their presence or absence and document any spawning behavior or young-of-the-year that might be
present. This monitoring will be conducted primarily by snorkeling or seining and will be accomplished by contracting with
the appropriate species experts. Annual reports will be produced detailing the stocking rates and monitoring activities that
took place during the previous year. We will also fully evaluate these reintroduction efforts after 5 and 10 years to
determine whether to continue or terminate the reintroduction efforts.
(5) Note: Map of the Tellico River NEP area for spotfin chub, dusky darter, smoky madtom, and yellowfin madtom in
Tennessee follows:
[Please see PDF for image: ER13SE07.000]
(6) Note: Map of the Shoal Creek NEP area for spotfin chub and boulder darter in Tennessee and Alabama follows:

[Please see PDF for image: ER13SE07.001]
(7) Note: Map of the French Broad River and Holston River NEP area for spotfin chub, slender chub, duskytail darter,
pygmy madtom, and yellowtail madtom in Tennessee follows:
[Please see PDF for image: ER13SE07.002]
(n) [Reserved]
(o) Boulder darter ( Etheostoma wapiti ). (1) Where is the boulder darter designated as a nonessential experimental
population (NEP)? (i) The NEP area for the boulder darter is within the species' historic range and is defined as follows:
Shoal Creek (from Shoal Creek mile 41.7 (66.7 km)) at the mouth of Long Branch, Lawrence County, TN, downstream to
the backwaters of Wilson Reservoir (Shoal Creek mile 14 (22 km)) at Goose Shoals, Lauderdale County, AL, including the
lower 5 miles (8 km) of all tributaries that enter this reach.
(ii) The boulder darter is not currently known to exist in Shoal Creek or its tributaries. Based on the habitat requirements of
this fish, we do not expect it to become established outside the NEP area. However, if any individuals of the species move
upstream or downstream or into tributaries outside the designated NEP area, we would presume that they came from the
reintroduced population. We would then amend this rule through our normal rulemaking process in order to enlarge the
boundaries of the NEP area to include the entire range of the expanded population.
(iii) We do not intend to change the NEP designations to “essential experimental,” “threatened,” or “endangered” within the
NEP area. Additionally, we will not designate critical habitat for these NEPs, as provided by 16 U.S.C. 1539(j)(2)(C)(ii).
(2) What activities are not allowed in the NEP area? (i) Except as expressly allowed in paragraph (o)(3) of this section, all
the provisions of § 17.31(a) and (b) apply to the boulder darter.
(ii) Any manner of take not described under paragraph (o)(3) of this section is prohibited in the NEP area. We may refer
unauthorized take of these species to the appropriate authorities for prosecution.
(iii) You may not possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, ship, import, or export by any means whatsoever any of the
identified fishes, or parts thereof, that are taken or possessed in violation of paragraph (o)(2) of this section or in violation
of the applicable State fish and wildlife laws or regulations or the Act.
(iv) You may not attempt to commit, solicit another to commit, or cause to be committed any offense defined in paragraph
(o)(2) of this section.
(3) What take is allowed in the NEP area? Take of this species that is accidental and incidental to an otherwise legal
activity, such as recreation (e.g., fishing, boating, wading, trapping, or swimming), forestry, agriculture, and other activities
that are in accordance with Federal, State, and local laws and regulations, is allowed.
(4) How will the effectiveness of these reintroductions be monitored? After the initial stocking of fish, we will monitor
annually their presence or absence and document any spawning behavior or young-of-the-year fish that might be present.
This monitoring will be conducted primarily by snorkeling or seining and will be accomplished by contracting with the
appropriate species experts. We will produce annual reports detailing the stocking rates and monitoring activities that took
place during the previous year. We will also fully evaluate these reintroduction efforts after 5 and 10 years to determine
whether to continue or terminate the reintroduction efforts.
(5) Note: Map of the NEP area for the boulder darter in the Shoal Creek, Tennessee and Alabama, appears immediately
following paragraph (m)(6) of this section.
(p) Northern aplomado falcon ( Falco femoralis septentrionalis ). (1) The northern aplomado falcon ( Falco femoralis
septentrionalis ) (falcon) population identified in paragraph (p)(9)(i) of this section is a nonessential experimental population
(NEP).
(2) No person may take this species, except as provided in paragraphs (p)(3) through (5) and (p)(10) of this section.
(3) Any person with a valid permit issued by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) under § 17.32 may take falcons
for educational purposes, scientific purposes, the enhancement of propagation or survival of the species, zoological
exhibition, and other conservation purposes consistent with the Endangered Species Act (Act);
(4) A falcon may be taken within the NEP area, provided that such take is not willful, knowing, or due to negligence, or is
incidental to and not the purpose of the carrying out of an otherwise lawful activity; and that such taking is reported within
24 hours, as provided under paragraph (p)(6) of this section.
(5) Any employee of the Service, New Mexico Department of Game and Fish, or Arizona Game and Fish Department, who
is designated for such purpose, or any person with a valid permit issued by the Service under 50 CFR 17.32, may, when
acting in the course of official duties, take a falcon if such action is necessary to:
(i) Aid a sick, injured, or orphaned specimen;
(ii) Dispose of a dead specimen, or salvage a dead specimen that may be useful for scientific study;

(iii) Move a bird within the NEP area for genetic purposes or to improve the health of the population;
(iv) Relocate falcons that have moved outside the NEP area, by returning the falcon to the NEP area or moving it to a
captive breeding facility. All captures and relocations from outside the NEP area will be conducted with the permission of
the landowner(s) or appropriate land management agencies; or
(v) Collect nesting data or band individuals.
(6) Any taking pursuant to paragraphs (p)(3) through (5) of this section must be reported within 24 hours by contacting the
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, New Mexico Ecological Services Field Office, 2105 Osuna NE, Albuquerque, NM 87113;
(505) 346-2525. Upon contact, a determination will be made as to the disposition of any live or dead specimens.
(7) No person shall possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, ship, import, or export by any means whatsoever, any such
species taken in violation of these regulations.
(8) It is unlawful for any person to attempt to commit, solicit another to commit, or cause to be committed, any offense
defined in paragraphs (p)(2) and (p)(7) of this section.
(9)(i) The boundaries of the designated NEP area are based on county borders and include the entire States of New
Mexico and Arizona. The reintroduction area is within the historical range of the species in New Mexico.
(ii) All falcons found in the wild within the boundaries of the NEP area after the first releases will be considered members of
the NEP. A falcon occurring outside of the NEP area is considered endangered under the Act unless it is marked or
otherwise known to be a member of the NEP.
(iii) The Service has designated the NEP area to accommodate the potential future movements of a wild population of
falcons. All released birds and their progeny are expected to remain in the NEP area due to the geographic extent of the
designation.
(10) The NEP will be monitored closely for the duration of the reintroduction program. Any bird that is determined to be
sick, injured, or otherwise in need of special care will be recaptured to the extent possible by Service and/or State or
permitted Tribal wildlife personnel and given appropriate care. Such birds will be released back to the wild as soon as
possible, unless physical or behavioral problems make it necessary to return them to a captive-breeding facility or they are
euthanized if treatment would be unlikely to be effective.
(11) The Service plans to evaluate the status of the NEP every 5 years to determine future management status and needs,
with the first evaluation expected to be not more than 5 years after the first release of birds into the NEP area. All reviews
will take into account the reproductive success and movement patterns of individuals released, food habits, and overall
health of the population. This evaluation will include a progress report.
(q) Duskytail darter ( Etheostoma percnurum ). (1) Where is the duskytail darter designated as a nonessential experimental
population (NEP)? We have designated two populations of this species as NEPs: The Tellico River NEP and the French
Broad River and Holston River NEP. This species is not currently known to exist in the Tellico River or its tributaries or in
any of the tributaries to the free-flowing reaches of the French Broad River below Douglas Dam, Knox and Sevier
Counties, Tennessee, or of the Holston River below the Cherokee Dam, Knox, Grainger, and Jefferson Counties,
Tennessee. Based on its habitat requirements, we do not expect this species to become established outside these NEP
areas. However, if individuals move upstream or downstream or into tributaries outside either of the designated NEP
areas, we would presume that these individuals came from the reintroduced population. We would then amend this rule
and enlarge the boundaries of the NEP area to include the entire range of the expanded population.
(i) The Tellico River NEP area is within the species' historic range and is defined as follows: The Tellico River, between the
backwaters of the Tellico Reservoir (approximately Tellico River mile 19 (30.4 kilometers) and Tellico River mile 33 (52.8
kilometers), near the Tellico Ranger Station, Monroe County, Tennessee.
(ii) The French Broad River and Holston River NEP area is within the species' historic range and is defined as follows: the
French Broad River, Knox and Sevier Counties, Tennessee, from the base of Douglas Dam (river mile (RM) 32.3 (51.7
km)) downstream to the confluence with the Holston River; then up the Holston River, Knox, Grainger, and Jefferson
Counties, Tennessee, to the base of Cherokee Dam (RM 52.3 (83.7 km)); and the lower 5 RM (8 km) of all tributaries that
enter these river reaches.
(iii) We do not intend to change the NEP designations to “essential experimental,” “threatened,” or “endangered” within the
NEP area. Additionally, we will not designate critical habitat for these NEPs, as provided by 16 U.S.C. 1539(j)(2)(C)(ii).
(2) What activities are not allowed in the NEP area? (i) Except as expressly allowed in paragraph (q)(3) of this section, all
the prohibitions of § 17.31(a) and (b) apply to the duskytail darter.
(ii) Any manner of take not described under paragraph (q)(3) of this section is prohibited in the NEP area. We may refer
unauthorized take of this species to the appropriate authorities for prosecution.
(iii) You may not possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, ship, import, or export by any means whatsoever any of the
identified fishes, or parts thereof, that are taken or possessed in violation of paragraph (q)(2) of this section or in violation

of the applicable State fish and wildlife laws or regulations or the Act.
(iv) You may not attempt to commit, solicit another to commit, or cause to be committed any offense defined in paragraph
(q)(2) of this section.
(3) What take is allowed in the NEP area? Take of this species that is accidental and incidental to an otherwise legal
activity, such as recreation (e.g., fishing, boating, wading, trapping, or swimming), forestry, agriculture, and other activities
that are in accordance with Federal, State, and local laws and regulations, is allowed.
(4) How will the effectiveness of these reintroductions be monitored? We will prepare periodic progress reports and fully
evaluate these reintroduction efforts after 5 and 10 years to determine whether to continue or terminate the reintroduction
efforts.
(5) Note: Map of the NEP area for the duskytail darter in the Tellico River, Tennessee, appears immediately following
paragraph (m)(5) of this section.
(6) Note: Map of the NEP area for the duskytail darter in the French Broad River and Holston River, Tennessee, appears
immediately following paragraph (m)(7) of this section.
(r) Smoky madtom ( Noturus baileyi ). (1) Where is the smoky madtom designated as a nonessential experimental
population (NEP)?
(i) The NEP area for the smoky madtom is within the species' probable historic range and is defined as follows: The Tellico
River, between the backwaters of the Tellico Reservoir (approximately Tellico River mile 19 (30.4 kilometers) and Tellico
River mile 33 (52.8 kilometers), near the Tellico Ranger Station, Monroe County, Tennessee.
(ii) The smoky madtom is not currently known to exist in the Tellico River or its tributaries. Based on the habitat
requirements of this fish, we do not expect it to become established outside the NEP area. However, if any individuals of
the species move upstream or downstream or into tributaries outside the designated NEP area, we would presume that
they came from the reintroduced population. We would then amend paragraph (r)(1)(i) of this section and enlarge the
boundaries of the NEP area to include the entire range of the expanded population.
(iii) We do not intend to change the NEP designations to “essential experimental,” “threatened,” or “endangered” within the
NEP area. Additionally, we will not designate critical habitat for this NEP, as provided by 16 U.S.C. 1539(j)(2)(C)(ii).
(2) What activities are not allowed in the NEP area? (i) Except as expressly allowed in paragraph (r)(3) of this section, all
the prohibitions of § 17.31(a) and (b) apply to the smoky madtom.
(ii) Any manner of take not described under paragraph (r)(3) of this section is prohibited in the NEP area. We may refer
unauthorized take of this species to the appropriate authorities for prosecution.
(iii) You may not possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, ship, import, or export by any means whatsoever any of the
identified fishes, or parts thereof, that are taken or possessed in violation of paragraph (r)(2) of this section or in violation of
the applicable State fish and wildlife laws or regulations or the Act.
(iv) You may not attempt to commit, solicit another to commit, or cause to be committed any offense defined in paragraph
(r)(2) of this section.
(3) What take is allowed in the NEP area? Take of this species that is accidental and incidental to an otherwise legal
activity, such as recreation (e.g., fishing, boating, wading, trapping, or swimming), forestry, agriculture, and other activities
that are in accordance with Federal, State, and local laws and regulations, is allowed.
(4) How will the effectiveness of these reintroductions be monitored? We will prepare periodic progress reports and fully
evaluate these reintroduction efforts after 5 and 10 years to determine whether to continue or terminate the reintroduction
efforts.
(5) Note: Map of the NEP area for the smoky madtom in the Tellico River, Tennessee, appears immediately following
paragraph (m)(6) of this section.
(s) Slender chub ( Erimystax cahni ). (1) Where is the slender chub designated as a nonessential experimental population
(NEP)?
(i) The NEP area for the slender chub is within the species' historic range and is defined as follows: the French Broad
River, Knox and Sevier Counties, Tennessee, from the base of Douglas Dam (river mile (RM) 32.3 (51.7 km)) downstream
to the confluence with the Holston River; then up the Holston River, Knox, Grainger, and Jefferson Counties, Tennessee, to
the base of Cherokee Dam (RM 52.3 (83.7 km)); and the lower 5 RM (8 km) of all tributaries that enter these river reaches.
(ii) The slender chub is not known to exist in any of the tributaries to the free-flowing reaches of the French Broad River
below Douglas Dam, Knox and Sevier Counties, Tennessee, or of the Holston River below the Cherokee Dam, Knox,
Grainger, and Jefferson Counties, Tennessee. Based on its habitat requirements, we do not expect this species to become
established outside this NEP area. However, if individuals of this population move upstream or downstream or into

tributaries outside the designated NEP area, we would presume that they came from the reintroduced population. We
would then amend this regulation to enlarge the boundaries of the NEP area to include the entire range of the expanded
population.
(iii) We do not intend to change the NEP designations to “essential experimental,” “threatened,” or “endangered” within the
NEP area. Additionally, we will not designate critical habitat for this NEP, as provided by 16 U.S.C. 1539(j)(2)(C)(ii).
(2) What activities are not allowed in the NEP area? (i) Except as expressly allowed in paragraph (s)(3) of this section, all
the prohibitions of § 17.31(a) and (b) apply to the slender chub.
(ii) Any manner of take not described under paragraph (s)(3) of this section is prohibited in the NEP area. We may refer
unauthorized take of this species to the appropriate authorities for prosecution.
(iii) You may not possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, ship, import, or export by any means whatsoever any of the
identified fishes, or parts thereof, that are taken or possessed in violation of paragraph (s)(2) of this section or in violation
of the applicable State fish and wildlife laws or regulations or the Act.
(iv) You may not attempt to commit, solicit another to commit, or cause to be committed any offense defined in paragraph
(s)(2) of this section.
(3) What take is allowed in the NEP area? Take of this species that is accidental and incidental to an otherwise legal
activity, such as recreation (e.g., fishing, boating, wading, trapping, or swimming), forestry, agriculture, and other activities
that are in accordance with Federal, State, and local laws and regulations, is allowed.
(4) How will the effectiveness of these reintroductions be monitored? We will prepare periodic progress reports and fully
evaluate these reintroduction efforts after 5 and 10 years to determine whether to continue or terminate the reintroduction
efforts.
(5) Note: Map of the NEP area for the slender chub in the French Broad River and Holston River, Tennessee, appears
immediately following paragraph (m)(7) of this section.
(t) Pygmy madtom ( Noturus stanauli ). (1) Where is the pygmy madtom designated as a nonessential experimental
population (NEP)?
(i) The NEP area for the pygmy madtom is within the species' historic range and is defined as follows: the French Broad
River, Knox and Sevier Counties, Tennessee, from the base of Douglas Dam (river mile (RM) 32.3 (51.7 km)) downstream
to the confluence with the Holston River; then up the Holston River, Knox, Grainger, and Jefferson Counties, Tennessee, to
the base of Cherokee Dam (RM 52.3 (83.7 km)); and the lower 5 RM (8 km) of all tributaries that enter these river reaches.
(ii) The pygmy madtom is not known to exist in any of the tributaries to the free-flowing reaches of the French Broad River
below Douglas Dam, Knox and Sevier Counties, Tennessee, or of the Holston River below the Cherokee Dam, Knox,
Grainger, and Jefferson Counties, Tennessee. Based on its habitat requirements, we do not expect this species to become
established outside this NEP area. However, if individuals of this population move upstream or downstream or into
tributaries outside the designated NEP area, we would presume that they came from the reintroduced population. We
would then amend this regulation to enlarge the boundaries of the NEP area to include the entire range of the expanded
population.
(iii) We do not intend to change the NEP designations to “essential experimental,” “threatened,” or “endangered” within the
NEP area. Additionally, we will not designate critical habitat for this NEP, as provided by 16 U.S.C. 1539(j)(2)(C)(ii).
(2) What activities are not allowed in the NEP area? (i) Except as expressly allowed in paragraph (t)(3) of this section, all
the prohibitions of § 17.31(a) and (b) apply to the pygmy madtom.
(ii) Any manner of take not described under paragraph (t)(3) of this section is prohibited in the NEP area. We may refer
unauthorized take of this species to the appropriate authorities for prosecution.
(iii) You may not possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, ship, import, or export by any means whatsoever any of the
identified fishes, or parts thereof, that are taken or possessed in violation of paragraph (t)(2) of this section or in violation of
the applicable State fish and wildlife laws or regulations or the Act.
(iv) You may not attempt to commit, solicit another to commit, or cause to be committed any offense defined in paragraph
(t)(2) of this section.
(3) What take is allowed in the NEP area? Take of this species that is accidental and incidental to an otherwise legal
activity, such as recreation (e.g., fishing, boating, wading, trapping, or swimming), forestry, agriculture, and other activities
that are in accordance with Federal, State, and local laws and regulations, is allowed.
(4) How will the effectiveness of these reintroductions be monitored? We will prepare periodic progress reports and fully
evaluate these reintroduction efforts after 5 and 10 years to determine whether to continue or terminate the reintroduction
efforts.

(5) Note: Map of the NEP area for the pygmy madtom in the French Broad River and Holston River, Tennessee, appears
immediately following paragraph (m)(7) of this section.
(u) Rio Grande silvery minnow ( Hybognathus amarus )—(1) Where are populations of this fish designated as nonessential
experimental populations (NEP)?
(i) The NEP area for the Rio Grande silvery minnow is within the species' historical range and is defined as follows: Rio
Grande, from Little Box Canyon downstream of Fort Quitman, Hudspeth County, Texas, through Big Bend National Park
and the Rio Grande Wild and Scenic River, to Amistad Dam; and on the Pecos River, from its confluence with
Independence Creek to its confluence with the Rio Grande.
(ii) The Rio Grande silvery minnow is not currently known to exist in the Rio Grande or Pecos River in Texas. Based on the
habitat requirements of this fish, we do not expect it to become established outside the NEP area. However, if any
individuals of this species move upstream or downstream or into tributaries outside the designated NEP area, we would
presume that they came from the reestablished populations. We would then amend paragraph (u)(1)(i) of this section to
enlarge the boundaries of the NEP to include the entire range of the expanded population.
(iii) We do not intend to change the NEP designation to “essential experimental,” “threatened,” or “endangered” within the
NEP area. Additionally, we will not designate critical habitat for this NEP, as provided by 16 U.S.C. 1539(j)(2)(C)(ii).
(2) What take is allowed of this species in the NEP area? (i) A Rio Grande silvery minnow may be taken within the NEP
area, provided that such take is either not willful, knowing, or due to negligence, or is incidental to and not the purpose of
the carrying out of an otherwise lawful activity, such as recreation (e.g., fishing, boating, wading, trapping, or swimming),
agriculture, and other activities that are in accordance with Federal, State, and local laws and regulations. However,
Federal agencies, must consult under section 7 of the Act on their activities that may affect the Rio Grande silvery minnow
within Big Bend National Park or the Wild and Scenic River.
(ii) Any person with a valid permit issued by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) under 50 CFR 17.32 may take Rio
Grande silvery minnows for educational purposes, scientific purposes, the enhancement of propagation or survival of the
species, zoological exhibition, and other conservation purposes consistent with the Act;
(iii) Any taking pursuant to paragraph (u)(2)(i) of this section must be reported within 7 days by contacting the Service,
Austin Ecological Services Field Office, 107011 Burnet Road, Suite 200, Austin, TX 78758; (512) 490-0057. Once the
Service is contacted, a determination will be made as to the disposition of any live or dead specimens. Reporting
requirements for take pursuant to paragraph (u)(2)(ii) of this section will be specifically defined in the permit issued by the
Service.
(3) What take of this species is not allowed in the NEP area? (i) Except as expressly allowed in paragraph (u)(2) of this
section, all the provisions of 50 CFR 17.31(a) and (b) apply to the fish identified in paragraph (u)(1) of this section.
(ii) Any manner of take not described under paragraph (u)(2) of this section is prohibited in the NEP area.
(iii) You may not possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, ship, import, or export by any means whatsoever any of the
identified fishes, or parts thereof, that are taken or possessed in violation of paragraph (u)(3) of this section or in violation
of the applicable State or local fish and wildlife laws or regulations or the Act.
(iv) You may not attempt to commit, solicit another to commit, or cause to be committed any offense defined in paragraph
(u)(3) of this section.
(4) How will the effectiveness of the reestablishment be monitored? (i) After the initial stocking of this fish, we will monitor
their presence or absence at least annually and document any spawning behavior or young-of-year fish that might be
present. Depending on available resources, monitoring may occur more frequently, especially during the first few years of
reestablishment efforts. This monitoring will be conducted primarily by seining and will be accomplished by Service,
National Park Service, or State employees or by contracting with the appropriate species experts. Annual reports will be
produced detailing stocking and monitoring activities that took place during the previous year.
(ii) The Service will fully evaluate these reestablishment efforts every 5 years to determine whether to continue or
terminate them.
(iii) Note: Map of the NEP area for the Rio Grande silvery minnow in Texas follows:
[Please see PDF for image: ER08DE08.000]
(v) Sonoran pronghorn ( Antilocapra americana sonoriensis ). (1) The Sonoran pronghorn ( Antilocapra americana
sonoriensis ) population identified in paragraph (v)(12) of this section is a nonessential experimental population (NEP).
(2) No person may take this species, except as provided in paragraphs (v)(3) through (v)(6) of this section.
(3) Any person with a valid permit issued by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service under § 17.32 may take pronghorn within
the NEP area for scientific purposes, the enhancement of propagation or survival of the species, and other conservation
purposes consistent with the Endangered Species Act.

(4) A Sonoran pronghorn may be taken within the boundaries of Yuma Proving Grounds; Barry M. Goldwater Range; lands
of the Arizona State Land Department; Bureau of Land Management lands; privately owned lands; and lands of the
Tohono O'odham Nation, Colorado River Indian Tribes, Gila River Indian Reservation, Ak-Chin Indian Reservation, Pascua
Yaqui Indian Reservation, and San Xavier Reservation within the NEP area, provided that such take is incidental to, and
not the purpose of, carrying out any otherwise lawful activity; and provided that such taking is reported as soon as possible
in accordance with paragraph (v)(6) of this section. Otherwise lawful activities are any activities in compliance with
applicable land management regulations, hunting regulations, tribal law, and all other applicable law and regulations, and
include, but are not limited to, military training and testing, border security and enforcement carried out by Federal law
enforcement officials (e.g., U.S. Customs and Border Protection), agriculture, rural and urban development, livestock
grazing, camping, hiking, hunting, recreational vehicle use, sightseeing, nature or scientific study, rockhounding, and
geocaching, where such activities are permitted.
(5) Any employee or agent of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the Arizona Department of Game and Fish, and the tribes
listed in paragraph (v)(4) of this section, who is designated for such purpose may, when acting in the course of official
duties, take a Sonoran pronghorn if such action is necessary to:
(i) Aid a sick, injured, or orphaned Sonoran pronghorn, including rescuing such animals from canals;
(ii) Dispose of a dead Sonoran pronghorn specimen, or salvage a dead specimen that may be useful for scientific study;
(iii) Move a Sonoran pronghorn for genetic purposes or to improve the health of the population; or
(iv) Capture and release a Sonoran pronghorn for relocation, to collect biological data, or to attach, service, or detach
radio-telemetry equipment.
(6) Any taking pursuant to paragraphs (v)(3) through (v)(5) of this section must be reported as soon as possible by calling
the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Arizona Ecological Services Office, 201 N Bonita Avenue, Suite 141, Tucson, AZ 85745
(520/670-6150), or the Cabeza Prieta National Wildlife Refuge, 1611 North Second Avenue, Ajo, AZ 85321 (520/3876483). Upon contact, a determination will be made as to the disposition of any live or dead specimens.
(7) No person may possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, ship, import, or export by any means whatsoever, any Sonoran
pronghorn or Sonoran pronghorn parts taken in violation of these regulations.
(8) It is unlawful for any person to attempt to commit, solicit another to commit, or cause to be committed, any offense
defined in paragraphs (v)(2) and (7) of this section.
(9) The boundaries of the designated NEP area are based on the maximum estimated range of pronghorn that are
released in and become established within the NEP area. These boundaries are physical barriers to movements, including
major freeways and highways, and the Colorado River. All release sites will be within the NEP area.
(i) All Sonoran pronghorn found in the wild within the boundaries of the NEP area will be considered members of the NEP.
Any Sonoran pronghorn occurring outside of the NEP area are considered endangered under the Act.
(ii) The Service has designated the NEP area to accommodate the potential future movements of wild Sonoran pronghorn.
All released Sonoran pronghorn and their progeny are expected to remain in the NEP area due to the geographical extent
of the designation and substantial barriers to movement that form the boundaries of the NEP.
(10) The NEP will be monitored closely for the duration of the program. Any pronghorn that is determined to be sick,
injured, or otherwise in need of special care will be recaptured to the extent possible by Service and/or State or Tribal
wildlife personnel or their designated agent and given appropriate care. Such pronghorn will be released back to the wild
as soon as possible, unless physical or behavioral problems make it necessary to return them to a captive-breeding facility.
(11) The Service plans to evaluate the status of the NEP every 5 years to determine future management status and needs,
with the first evaluation occurring not more than 5 years after the first release of pronghorn into the NEP area. All reviews
will take into account the reproductive success and movement patterns of individuals released, food habits, and overall
health of the population. This evaluation will include a progress report.
(12) The areas covered by this proposed nonessential experimental population designation are in Arizona. They include
the area north of Interstate 8 and south of Interstate 10, bounded by the Colorado River on the west and Interstate 10 on
the east, and an area south of Interstate 8, bounded by Highway 85 on the west, Interstates 10 and 19 on the east, and the
U.S.-Mexico border on the south.
(13) Note: Map of the NEP area for the Sonoran pronghorn in southwestern Arizona follows:
[Please see PDF for image: ER05MY11.128]
(w) Bull Trout ( Salvelinus confluentus )—(1) Where are populations of this fish designated as nonessential experimental
populations (NEPs)?
(i) The NEP area for the bull trout is within the species' historical range and is defined as follows: the entire Clackamas
River subbasin as well as the mainstem Willamette River, from Willamette Falls to its points of confluence with the

Columbia River, including Multnomah Channel.
(ii) Bull trout are not currently known to exist in the Clackamas River subbasin or the mainstem Willamette River, from
Willamette Falls to its points of confluence with the Columbia River, including Multnomah Channel, in Oregon. Should any
bull trout be found in the Willamette River within the NEP boundary, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) will
assume the fish to be part of the reintroduced population, unless the fish is tagged or otherwise known to be from another
population. Given the presence of suitable overwintering and forage habitat in the upper portion of the Clackamas River, as
well as the geographic distance from spawning and rearing habitat in the upper Clackamas River to any overwintering and
foraging habitat in the lower Clackamas and Willamette Rivers, we do not expect the reintroduced fish to become
established outside the NEP. Bull trout found outside of the NEP boundary, but known to be part of the NEP, will assume
the status of bull trout within the geographic area in which they are found.
(iii) We do not intend to change the NEP designation to “essential experimental,” “threatened,” or “endangered” within the
NEP area. Additionally, we will not designate critical habitat for the NEP, as provided by 16 U.S.C. 1539(j)(2)(C)(ii).
(2) What take is allowed of this species in the NEP area? (i) Bull trout may be taken within the NEP area, provided that
such take is:
(A) Not willful, knowing, or due to negligence.
(B) Incidental to and not the purpose of carrying out an otherwise lawful activity, such as recreation (e.g., fishing, boating,
wading, trapping, or swimming), agriculture, hydroelectric power generation, and other activities that are in accordance
with Federal, State, Tribal, and local laws and regulations.
(C) Consistent with Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) fishing regulations that have been coordinated with
the Service, if due to fishing.
(D) Incidental to any activities related to or associated with the operation and maintenance of the Clackamas River
Hydroelectric Project (FERC Project No. 2195) by Portland General Electric (PGE) as administered under a license issued
by FERC. Acceptable forms of taking of bull trout include, but are not limited to, mortality, stranding, injury, impingement
and entrainment at project facilities, or delay in up- or downstream passage associated with or caused by any of the
following activities. Activities related to the operation and maintenance of Project 2195 include, but are not limited to:
( 1 ) Hydroelectric generation at any project facility;
( 2 ) Maintenance of project facilities;
( 3 ) Provision of upstream and downstream fish passage, whether through fish passage facilities, powerhouses, bypass
facilities, bypass reaches, or spillways;
( 4 ) Fish handling at fish separation and counting facilities;
( 5 ) Fish removal from fish passage facilities and areas critical to downstream migrant passage testing at the time of
testing (Bull trout removed for this testing do not need to be returned to the Clackamas River subbasin.);
( 6 ) Fish conservation activities;
( 7 ) Fish handling, tagging, and sampling in connection with FERC-approved studies; and
( 8 ) Approved resource protection, mitigation, and enhancement measures.
(E) Consistent with the adaptive management process identified for this project including:
( 1 ) The targeted relocation or possible removal of bull trout by the Service or our project partners, if bull trout are
documented staging at the entrance to, within, or below, juvenile fish passage facilities within the Clackamas Hydroelectric
Project; and
( 2 ) Discontinuation of the reintroduction project and complete removal of bull trout from the Clackamas River if the Service
determines, in consultation and coordination with the State of Oregon, NMFS, and other project partners, and based on
project monitoring and evaluation, that the reintroduction efforts cannot be carried out in a manner consistent with the
recovery of threatened salmon and steelhead.
(ii) Any person with a valid permit issued by the Service under § 17.32 and a valid State permit issued by ODFW may take
bull trout for educational purposes, scientific purposes, the enhancement of propagation or survival of the species,
zoological exhibition, and other conservation purposes consistent with the Act.
(3) What take of this species is not allowed in the NEP area? (i) Except as expressly allowed in paragraph (w)(2) of this
section, all the provisions of § 17.31(a) and (b) apply to the fish identified in paragraph (w)(1) of this section.
(ii) Any manner of take not described under paragraph (w)(2) of this section or Oregon Revised Statute (ORS) 498.002
and Oregon Angling Regulations pursuant to ORS 498.002 is prohibited in the NEP area. Should State statutes or
regulations change, take prohibitions will change accordingly. Any changes to State recreational fishing regulations

pertaining to the experimental population of bull trout in the Clackamas River subbasin will be made by the State in
collaboration with the Service. We may refer unauthorized take of this species to ODFW law enforcement authorities or
Service law enforcement authorities for prosecution.
(iii) A person may not possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, ship, import, or export by any means whatsoever any of the
identified fishes, or parts thereof, that are taken or possessed in a manner not expressly allowed in paragraph (w)(2) of this
section, or in violation of the applicable State fish and wildlife laws or regulations or the Act.
(iv) A person may not attempt to commit, solicit another to commit, or cause to be committed any offense except the take
expressly allowed in paragraph (w)(2) of this section.
(4) How will the effectiveness of the reestablishment be monitored? (i) Effectiveness monitoring of the project will be
conducted jointly by the Service and ODFW, with assistance from the U.S. Forest Service (USFS) and PGE.
(ii) We will monitor the effectiveness of the reintroduction during phase 1 of the project (2011-2017) by annually assessing:
Distribution and movement, relative survival of translocated bull trout via presence and absence surveys, occurrence of
spawning and reproduction, and genetic health, as measured against the donor population. These monitoring objectives
will be accomplished by methodologies that include Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT) tagging of all fish translocated to
the Clackamas River, radio tagging of the adult and subadult life stages, snorkel surveys, redd surveys, and minnow
trapping.
(iii) If successful reproduction of reintroduced bull trout is detected, we will incorporate monitoring to assess the
distribution, movement, growth, and survival of the initial cohorts of naturally produced bull trout.
(iv) Monitoring activities in phase 2 (2018-2024) and phase 3 (2025-2030) will be informed by phase 1 monitoring and
evaluation.
(v) Annual reports that summarize the implementation and monitoring activities that occurred the previous year will be
collaboratively developed by the Service, ODFW, and USFS.
(vi) We will evaluate the implementation strategy annually, and we will evaluate the reestablishment effort at the completion
of phase 1 to determine whether to continue translocation of bull trout in phase 2.
(5) What safeguards are in place to ensure the protection of Federally listed salmon and steelhead in the NEP area? (i) In
consultation and coordination with the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) and other project partners, we have
developed a plan to facilitate management decisions associated with potential impacts from the bull trout reintroduction on
listed anadromous salmonids. If specific bull trout and/or anadromous salmonid thresholds are triggered, we will follow the
planned management actions to minimize impacts to salmon and steelhead from the reintroduction of bull trout in the
Clackamas River.
(ii) Our management actions implemented and the frequency of those actions, will be informed by:
(A) The reintroduction project's monitoring and evaluation program, jointly implemented by the Service, ODFW, and USFS;
and
(B) The conservation status of the listed Clackamas River anadromous salmonid populations.
(iii) Because we cannot predict all likely impact scenarios and appropriate management responses, we will modify our plan
as necessary, in consultation and coordination with NMFS, ODFW, and other project partners, consistent with the overall
adaptive management of the project.
(iv) Although our analysis indicates a low likelihood for population-level impacts to Federally listed salmon and steelhead
populations, if the Service determines, in consultation and coordination with the State of Oregon, NMFS, and other project
partners, and based on project monitoring and evaluation, that the reintroduction efforts are not consistent with the
recovery of salmon or steelhead, the reintroduction program will be discontinued and bull trout will be removed from the
experimental population area.
(v) Prior to releasing bull trout into the Clackamas River, the Service will complete any required interagency cooperation
with NMFS pursuant to section 7(a)(2) of the Act.
(6) Note: Map of the NEP area for bull trout in Oregon follows:
[Please see PDF for image: ER21JN11.026]
(x) Wood bison ( Bison bison athabascae ). (1) Wood bison within the area identified in paragraph (x)(2)(i) of this section
are members of a nonessential experimental population (NEP) and will be managed primarily by the State of Alaska
(State), through its Department of Fish and Game (ADF&G), in cooperation with the Service, in accordance with this rule
and the respective management plans.
(2) Where are wood bison in Alaska designated as an NEP?

(i) The boundaries of the NEP area encompass the Yukon, Tanana, and Kuskokwim River drainages in Alaska (Figure 1).
The NEP area includes much of the wood bison's historical range in Alaska, and the release sites are within the species'
historical range. The NEP area is defined as follows: the Yukon River drainage from the United States-Canada border
downstream to its mouth; the Tanana River drainage from the United States-Canada border downstream to its confluence
with the Yukon River; and the Kuskokwim River drainage from its headwaters downstream to its mouth at the Bering Sea.
[Please see PDF for image: ER07MY14.002]
(ii) Any wood bison found within the Alaska wood bison NEP area will be considered part of the NEP. The bison will be
managed by the State to prevent establishment of any population outside the NEP area.
(3) Under what circumstances might an Alaska wood bison NEP be eliminated?
(i) We do not anticipate eliminating all individuals within an Alaska wood bison NEP unless:
(A) The State deems the reintroduction efforts a failure or most members of reintroduced populations have disappeared for
any reason;
(B) Monitoring of wood bison in Alaska indicates appreciable harm to other native wildlife, such as the introduction of
disease or other unanticipated environmental consequences associated with their presence; or
(C) Legal or statutory changes reduce or eliminate the State's ability to complete the restoration effort as designed and
intended in its management plans, with the management flexibility and protection of other land uses (including other
resource development) provided in this NEP designation.
(ii) If any of the circumstances listed in paragraph (x)(3)(i) of this section occur, some or all wood bison may be removed
from the wild in Alaska by any method deemed practicable by the State, including lethal removal. If the reintroduction of
wood bison under this nonessential experimental designation is discontinued for any reason and no action is taken by the
Service and the State to change the designation, all remaining wood bison in Alaska will retain their NEP status.
(4) Which agency is the management lead for wood bison in Alaska? The Alaska Department of Fish and Game will have
primary responsibility for leading and implementing the wood bison restoration effort, in cooperation with the Service, and
will keep the Service apprised of the status of the effort on an ongoing basis. The Service will retain responsibility for
ensuring compliance with all provisions of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended (ESA; 16 U.S.C. 1531 et
seq. ), including compliance with section 7 for actions occurring on National Wildlife Refuge and National Park Service
lands.
(5) What take of wood bison is allowed in the NEP area? In the following instances, wood bison may be taken in
accordance with applicable State fish and wildlife conservation laws and regulations:
(i) Hunting will be an allowed take based on sustained yield principles as established by ADF&G.
(ii) A wood bison may be taken within the NEP area, provided that such take is not willful, knowing, or due to negligence,
or is incidental to and not the purpose of the carrying out of an otherwise lawful activity, including but not limited to
recreation (e.g., trapping, hiking, camping, or shooting activities); forestry; agriculture; oil and gas exploration and
development and associated activities; construction and maintenance of roads or railroads, buildings, facilities, energy
projects, pipelines, and transmission lines of any kind; mining; mineral exploration; travel by any means, including vehicles,
watercraft, snow machines, or aircraft; tourism; and other activities that are in accordance with Federal, State, and local
laws and regulations and specific authorizations. Such conduct is not considered intentional or “knowing take” for purposes
of this regulation, and neither the Service nor the State will take legal action for such conduct. Any cases of “knowing take”
will be referred to the appropriate authorities for prosecution.
(iii) Any person with a valid permit issued by the Service under 50 CFR 17.32 or by ADF&G may take wood bison for
educational purposes, scientific purposes, the enhancement of propagation or survival of the species, zoological exhibition,
and other conservation purposes consistent with the ESA. Additionally, any employee or agent of the Service or ADF&G
designated for such purposes, acting in the course of official duties, may take a wood bison if such action is necessary:
(A) For scientific purposes;
(B) To relocate a wood bison to avoid conflict with human activities;
(C) To relocate a wood bison if necessary to protect the wood bison;
(D) To relocate wood bison within the NEP area to improve wood bison survival and recovery prospects or for genetic
purposes;
(E) To relocate wood bison from one population in the NEP area into another, or into captivity;
(F) To relocate wood bison that have moved outside the NEP area back into the NEP area or remove them;
(G) To aid or euthanize a sick, injured, or orphaned wood bison;

(H) To dispose of a dead wood bison, or salvage a dead wood bison for scientific purposes; or
(I) To aid in law enforcement investigations involving wood bison.
(iv) Any person may take a wood bison in defense of the individual's life or the life of another person. The Service, the
State, or our designated agent(s) may also promptly remove any wood bison that the Service, the State, or our designated
agent(s) determine to be a threat to human life or safety. Any such taking must be reported within 24 hours to the location
identified in paragraph (x)(5)(vi) of this section.
(v) In connection with otherwise lawful activities, including but not limited to the use and development of land, provided at
paragraph (x)(5)(ii) of this section, the Federal Government, the State, municipalities of the State, other local governments,
Native American Tribal Governments, and all landowners and their employees or authorized agents, tenants, or designees
may harass wood bison in the areas defined in paragraph (x)(2)(i) of this section, provided that all such harassment is by
methods that are not lethal or physically injurious to wood bison and is reported within 24 hours to the location identified in
paragraph (x)(5)(vi) of this section.
(vi) Any taking pursuant to paragraph (x)(5)(ii) of this section must be reported within 14 days by contacting the Alaska
Department of Fish and Game, 1300 College Road, Fairbanks, AK 99701; (907) 459-7206. ADF&G will determine the
most appropriate course of action regarding any live or dead specimens.
(6) What take of wood bison is not allowed in the NEP area?
(i) Except as expressly allowed in paragraph (x)(5) of this section, all the provisions of 50 CFR 17.31(a) and (b) apply to
the wood bison identified in paragraph (x)(1) of this section.
(ii) Any manner of take not described under paragraph (x)(5) of this section is prohibited in the NEP area.
(iii) A person may not possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, ship, import, or export by any means whatsoever any of the
identified wood bison, or parts thereof, that are taken or possessed in a manner not expressly allowed in paragraph (x)(5)
of this section or in violation of the applicable State or local fish and wildlife laws or regulations or the ESA.
(iv) A person may not attempt to commit, solicit another to commit, or cause to be committed any take of wood bison,
except that take expressly allowed in paragraph (x)(5) of this section.
(7) How will the effectiveness of the wood bison reintroduction be monitored? ADF&G will monitor the population status of
reintroduced bison herds at least annually and will document productivity, survival, and population size. The Service or
other Federal agencies may also be involved in population monitoring, particularly where National Wildlife Refuge System
or Bureau of Land Management lands are involved. Tribal governments or other organizations may also participate in
population monitoring and other management activities. Depending on available resources, monitoring may occur more
frequently, especially during the first few years of reestablishment efforts. This monitoring will be conducted primarily
through aerial surveys and will be accomplished by State or Service employees, through cooperative efforts with local
governments, or by contracting with other appropriate species experts.
(8) What other provisions apply to this special rule?
If any particular provision of this rule or the application of any particular provision to any entity or circumstance is held
invalid, the remainder of this finding and rule and the application of such provisions to other entities or circumstances shall
not be affected by such holding.
[49 FR 35954, Sept. 13, 1984; 50 FR 30194, July 24, 1985]
Editorial Note: For Federal Register citations affecting § 17.84, see the List of CFR
Sections Affected, which appears in the Finding Aids section of the printed volume and
at www.govinfo.gov.
§ 17.85

Special rules—invertebrates.

(a) Seventeen mollusks in the Tennessee River. The species in the following table comprise nonessential experimental
populations (NEPs):
Common name

Scientific name

Cumberland bean (pearlymussel)

Villosa trabalis

tubercled blossom (pearlymussel)

Epioblasma torulosa torulosa

turgid blossom (pearlymussel)

Epioblasma turgidula

yellow blossom (pearlymussel)

Epioblasma florentina florentina

catspaw (purple cat's paw pearlymussel)

Epioblasma obliquata obliquata

clubshell

Pleurobema clava

Cumberlandian combshell

Epioblasma brevidens

Alabama lampmussel

Lampsilis virescens

winged mapleleaf (mussel)

Quadrula fragosa

Cumberland monkeyface (pearlymussel)

Quadrula intermedia

oyster mussel

Epioblasma capsaeformis

birdwing pearlymussel

Lemiox rimosus

cracking pearlymussel

Hemistena lata

dromedary pearlymussel

Dromus dromas

fine-rayed pigtoe

Fusconaia cuneolus

shiny pigtoe

Fusconaia cor

Anthony's riversnail

Athearnia anthonyi

(1) Where are these mollusks designated as nonessential experimental populations (NEPs)? (i) The NEP Area for these
17 mollusks is within the species' historic ranges, and is defined as follows: The free-flowing reach of the Tennessee River
from the base of Wilson Dam downstream to the backwaters of Pickwick Reservoir (river mile (RM) 259.4 [414.0 km] to
RM 246.0 [393.6 km] and includes the lower 5 RM (8 km) of all tributaries to this reach in Colbert and Lauderdale
Counties, Alabama.
(ii) None of the identified species are known to exist in any of the tributaries to the free-flowing reach of the Tennessee
River below Wilson Dam or from below the backwaters of Pickwick Reservoir, Colbert and Lauderdale Counties, Alabama.
In the future, if any of the 17 mollusks are found upstream of the lower 5 RM (8 km) of these tributaries or downstream into
Pickwick Reservoir, we will presume the animals came from the reintroduced NEP, and we will amend this rule and enlarge
the boundaries of the NEP Area to include the entire range of the expanded population.
(iii) We do not intend to change the NEP designations to “essential experimental,” “threatened,” or “endangered” within the
NEP Area. Additionally, we will not designate critical habitat for these NEPs, as provided by 16 U.S.C. 1539(j)(2)(C)(ii).
(2) What activities are not allowed in the NEP Area? (i) Except as expressly allowed in this rule, all the prohibitions of
17.31(a) and (b) apply to the mollusks identified in this special rule.
(ii) Any manner of take not described under paragraph (a)(3) of this section will not be allowed in the NEP Area. We may
refer the unauthorized take of these species to the appropriate authorities for prosecution.
(iii) You may not possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, ship, import, or export by any means whatsoever any of the
identified 17 mollusks, or parts thereof, that are taken or possessed in violation of these regulations or in violation of the
applicable State fish and wildlife laws or regulations or the Act.
(iv) You may not attempt to commit, solicit another to commit, or cause to be committed any offense defined in this
paragraph (a).
(3) What take is allowed in the NEP Area? (i) Take of these species that is accidental and incidental to an otherwise lawful
activity such as fishing, boating, commercial navigation, trapping, wading, or mussel harvesting, is allowed.
(ii) Any individual collecting or harvesting mussels must check their collection prior to leaving the immediate area and
return any NEP mussels to the site where they were obtained.
(4) How will the effectiveness of these reintroductions be monitored? We will prepare periodic progress reports and fully
evaluate these reintroduction efforts after 5 and 10 years to determine whether to continue or terminate the reintroduction
efforts.
(b) Sixteen mollusks in the French Broad and Holston Rivers. The species in the following table comprise nonessential
experimental populations (NEP):
Common name

Scientific name

Cumberland bean (pearlymussel)

Villosa trabalis

Cumberlandian combshell

Epioblasma brevidens

fanshell

Cyprogenia stegaria

Appalachian monkeyface (pearlymussel)

Quadrula sparsa

Cumberland monkeyface (pearlymussel)

Quadrula intermedia

oyster mussel

Epioblasma capsaeformis

birdwing pearlymussel

Lemiox rimosus

cracking pearlymussel

Hemistena lata

dromedary pearlymussel

Dromus dromas

fine-rayed pigtoe

Fusconaia cuneolus

rough pigtoe

Pleurobema plenum

shiny pigtoe

Fusconaia cor

orange-foot pimpleback (pearlymussel)

Plethobasus cooperianus

ring pink (mussel)

Obovaria retusa

white wartyback (pearlymussel)

Plethobasus cicatricosus

Anthony's riversnail

Athearnia anthonyi

(1) Where are these mollusks designated as NEPs? (i) The NEP area for these mollusks is within the species' historical
range and is defined as follows: The French Broad River, Knox and Sevier Counties, Tennessee, from the base of Douglas
Dam (river mile (RM) 32.3 (51.7 kilometers (km)) downstream to the confluence with the Holston River; then up the
Holston River, Knox, Grainger, and Jefferson Counties, Tennessee, to the base of Cherokee Dam (RM 52.3 (83.7 km));
and the lower 5 RM (8 km) of all tributaries that enter these river reaches. None of the species identified in paragraph (b)
are known to exist in any of the tributaries to the free-flowing reaches of the French Broad River below Douglas Dam, Knox
and Sevier Counties, Tennessee, or of the Holston River below the Cherokee Dam, Knox, Grainger, and Jefferson
Counties, Tennessee. Based on their habitat requirements, we do not expect these species to become established outside
this NEP area. However, if any individuals are found upstream or downstream or into tributaries outside the designated
NEP area, we would presume that they came from the reintroduced populations. We would then amend paragraph (b)(1)(i)
of this section to enlarge the boundaries of the NEP area to include the entire range of the expanded population.
(ii) Another NEP area for 10 of these mollusks (Cumberland bean, Cumberlandian combshell, Cumberland monkeyface,
oyster mussel, birdwing pearlymussel, cracking pearlymussel, dromedary pearlymussel, fine-rayed pigtoe, shiny pigtoe,
and Anthony's riversnail) is provided in paragraph (a) of this section.
(iii) We do not intend to change the NEP designations to “essential experimental,” “threatened,” or “endangered” within the
NEP area. Additionally, we will not designate critical habitat for these NEPs, as provided by 16 U.S.C. 1539(j)(2)(C)(ii).
(2) What activities are not allowed in the NEP area? (i) Except as expressly allowed in paragraph (b)(3) of this section, all
the prohibitions of § 17.31(a) and (b) apply to the mollusks identified in paragraph (b) of this section.
(ii) Any manner of take not described under paragraph (b)(3) of this section will not be allowed in the NEP area. We may
refer the unauthorized take of these species to the appropriate authorities for prosecution.
(iii) You may not possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, ship, import, or export by any means whatsoever any of the
identified mollusks, or parts thereof, that are taken or possessed in violation of paragraph (b)(2) of this section or in
violation of the applicable State fish and wildlife laws or regulations or the Act.
(iv) You may not attempt to commit, solicit another to commit, or cause to be committed any offense defined in paragraph
(b)(2) of this section.
(3) What take is allowed in the NEP area? Take of these species that is accidental and incidental to an otherwise legal
activity, such as recreation (e.g., fishing, boating, wading, trapping, or swimming), forestry, agriculture, and other activities
that are in accordance with Federal, State, and local laws and regulations, is allowed.
(4) How will the effectiveness of these reintroductions be monitored? We will prepare periodic progress reports and fully
evaluate these reintroduction efforts after 5 and 10 years to determine whether to continue or terminate the reintroduction
efforts.
(5) Note: Map of the NEP area in Tennessee for the 16 mollusks listed in paragraph (b) of this section follows:
[Please see PDF for image: ER13SE07.003]
(c) American Burying Beetle ( Nicrophorus americanus ).
(1) Where is the American burying beetle designated as a nonessential experimental population (NEP)? (i) The NEP area
for the American burying beetle is within the species' historical range and is defined as follows: The Missouri Counties of
Cedar, St. Clair, Bates, and Vernon.

(ii) The American burying beetle is not known to exist in Cedar, St. Clair, Bates, or Vernon Counties in Missouri, as of the
date of enacting this regulation. Based on its habitat requirements and movement patterns, we do not expect this species
to become established outside this NEP area.
(2) What activities are not allowed in the NEP area? (i) You may not possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, ship, import, or
export by any means, American burying beetles, or parts thereof, that are taken or possessed in violation of paragraph (c)
(3) of this section or in violation of applicable State fish and wildlife laws or regulations or the Act.
(ii) You may not attempt to commit, solicit another to commit, or cause to be committed any offense defined in paragraph
(c)(2)(i) of this section.
(3) What take is allowed in the NEP area? Take of this species that is accidental and incidental to an otherwise legal
activity, such as agriculture, forestry and wildlife management, land development, recreation, and other activities, is
allowed.
(4) How will the effectiveness of these reintroductions be monitored? We will prepare periodic progress reports and fully
evaluate these reintroduction efforts after 5 years to determine whether to continue or terminate the reintroduction efforts.
(5) Note: Map of the NEP area for the American burying beetle follows:
[Please see PDF for image: ER22MR12.003]
(d) Oregon Silverspot Butterfly ( Speyeria zerene hippolyta ).
(1) Where is the Oregon silverspot butterfly designated as a nonessential experimental population (NEP)? (i) The NEP
areas for the Oregon silverspot butterfly are within the subspecies' historical range in Tillamook and Clatsop Counties,
Oregon. The boundary of the NEP includes those Public Land Survey System sections intersecting with a 4.25-mile (6.8kilometer) radius around the release locations. This boundary was selected to encompass all likely movements of Oregon
silverspot butterflies away from the release areas while maintaining geographic separation from existing populations.
(A) The Nestucca Bay NEP area, centered on the coastal prairie habitat on the Cannery Hill Unit of the Nestucca Bay
National Wildlife Refuge (Nestucca Bay NEP area), includes Township 4 South, Range 10 West, Sections 15 through 36;
Township 4 South, Range 11 West, Sections 13, 24, 25, and 36; Township 5 South, Range 10 West, Sections 2 through
11, 14 through 23, 27 through 30; and Township 5 South, Range 11 West, Sections 12, 13, 24, and 25.
(B) The Saddle Mountain NEP area, centered on the coastal prairie habitat on top of Saddle Mountain State Natural Area
(Saddle Mountain NEP area), includes Township 6 North, Range 7 West, Sections 7, 17 through 20, 29 through 32;
Township 6 North, Range 8 West, Sections 1 through 36; Township 6 North, Range 9 West, Sections 1, 11 through 14, 23
through 26, 35, and 36; Township 5 North, Range 7 West, Sections 5 through 8, 17, 18, and 19; Township 5 North, Range
8 West, Sections 1 through 24; and Township 5 North, Range 9 West, Sections 1, 2, 3, 11, 12, 13, and 14.
(ii) The nearest known extant population to the Nestucca Bay NEP area is 8 miles (13 kilometers) to the south, beyond the
longest known flight distance of the butterfly (4.1 miles (6.6 kilometers)) and with little or no suitable habitat between them.
The nearest known extant population to the Saddle Mountain NEP area is 50 miles (80 kilometers) to the south, well
beyond the longest known flight distance of the butterfly (4.1 miles (6.6 kilometers)). Given its habitat requirements,
movement patterns, and distance from extant populations, the NEP is wholly separate from extant populations, and we do
not expect the reintroduced Oregon silverspot butterflies to become established outside the NEP areas. Oregon silverspot
butterflies outside of the NEP boundaries will assume the status of Oregon silverspot butterflies within the geographic area
in which they are found.
(iii) We will not change the NEP designations to “essential experimental,” “threatened,” or “endangered” within the NEP
areas without engaging in notice-and-comment rulemaking. Additionally, we will not designate critical habitat for this NEP,
as provided by 16 U.S.C. 1539(j)(2)(C)(ii).
(2) What take of the Oregon silverspot butterfly is allowed in the NEP areas? (i) Oregon silverspot butterflies may be taken
within the NEP area, provided that such take is not willful, knowing, or due to negligence, and is incidental to carrying out
an otherwise lawful activity, such as agriculture, forestry and wildlife management, land development, recreation, and other
activities that are in accordance with Federal, State, Tribal, and local laws and regulations.
(ii) Any person with a valid permit issued by the Service under 50 CFR 17.32 may take the Oregon silverspot butterfly for
educational purposes, scientific purposes, the enhancement of propagation or survival of the species, zoological exhibition,
and other conservation purposes consistent with the Act. Additionally, any employee or agent of the Service, any other
Federal land management agency, or a State conservation agency, who is designated by the agency for such purposes,
may, when acting in the course of official duties, take an Oregon silverspot butterfly in the wild in the NEP area if such
action is necessary:
(A) For scientific purposes;
(B) To relocate Oregon silverspot butterflies to avoid conflict with human activities;

(C) To relocate Oregon silverspot butterflies within the NEP area to improve Oregon silverspot butterfly survival and
recovery prospects or for genetic purposes;
(D) To relocate Oregon silverspot butterflies from one population in the NEP into another in the NEP, or into captivity;
(E) To euthanize an injured Oregon silverspot butterfly;
(F) To dispose of a dead Oregon silverspot butterfly, or salvage a dead Oregon silverspot butterfly for scientific purposes;
(G) To relocate an Oregon silverspot butterfly that has moved outside the NEP area back into the NEP area; or
(H) To aid in law enforcement investigations involving the Oregon silverspot butterfly.
(3) What take of Oregon silverspot butterfly is not allowed in the NEP area? (i) Except as expressly allowed in paragraph
(d)(2) of this section, all of the provisions of 50 CFR 17.31(a) and (b) apply to the Oregon silverspot butterfly in areas
identified in paragraph (d)(1) of this section.
(ii) A person may not possess, sell, deliver, carry, transport, ship, import, or export by any means, Oregon silverspot
butterflies, or parts thereof, that are taken or possessed in a manner not expressly allowed in paragraph (d)(2) of this
section or in violation of applicable State fish and wildlife laws or regulations or the Act.
(iii) Any manner of take not described under paragraph (d)(2) of this section is prohibited in the NEP areas.
(iv) A person may not attempt to commit, solicit another to commit, or cause to be committed any take of the Oregon
silverspot butterfly, except as expressly allowed in paragraph (d)(2) of this section.
(4) How will the effectiveness of these reintroductions be monitored? We will monitor populations annually for trends in
abundance in cooperation with partners, monitor habitat quality, and prepare annual progress reports. We will fully
evaluate reintroduction efforts after 5 years to determine whether to continue or terminate the reintroduction efforts.
(5) Maps of the NEP areas for the Oregon silverspot butterfly in Northwest Oregon.
(i) Note: Map of the Oregon silverspot butterfly NEP follows:
[Please see PDF for image: ER23JN17.001]
(ii) Note: Map of Nestucca Bay NEP area for the Oregon silverspot butterfly follows:
[Please see PDF for image: ER23JN17.002]
(iii) Note: Map of Saddle Mountain NEP area for the Oregon silverspot butterfly follows:
[Please see PDF for image: ER23JN17.003]
[66 FR 32263, June 14, 2001, as amended at 72 FR 52459, Sept. 13, 2007; 77 FR 16717, Mar. 22, 2012; 82 FR 28578,
June 23, 2017]
§ 17.86

Special rules—plants. [Reserved]

Subpart I—Interagency Cooperation
§ 17.94

Critical habitats.

(a) The areas listed in § 17.95 (fish and wildlife), § 17.96 (plants), and § 17.99 (plants on the Hawaiian Islands) and
referred to in the lists at §§ 17.11 and 17.12 have been determined by the Director to be critical habitat. All Federal
agencies must insure that any action authorized, funded, or carried out by them is not likely to result in the destruction or
adverse modification of the constituent elements essential to the conservation of the listed species within these defined
critical habitats. (See part 402 for rules concerning this prohibition; see also part 424 for rules concerning the determination
of critical habitat).
(b) Maps.
If the critical habitat map
appears in . . .

Then . . .

(1) A critical habitat
designation in § 17.95(a), (b),
(d), (e), (f), (g), (h), or (i), and
the designation does not state
that the map(s) is for
informational purposes only, or
(2) A critical habitat
designation in § 17.99, or (3) A

The map provided by the Secretary of the Interior, as clarified or refined by any textual language within the rule,
constitutes the definition of the boundaries of a critical habitat. Each critical habitat area will be shown on a map, with
more-detailed information discussed in the preamble of the rulemaking documents published in the Federal
Register and made available from the lead field office of the Service responsible for such designation. Each area will
be referenced to the State(s), county(ies), or other local government units within which all or part of the critical habitat
is located. General descriptions of the location and boundaries of each area may be provided to clarify or refine what
is included within the boundaries depicted on the map, or to explain the exclusion of sites (e.g., paved roads,
buildings) within the mapped area. Unless otherwise indicated within the critical habitat descriptions, the names of the

critical habitat designation
published and effective after
May 31, 2012
(4) A critical habitat
designation that states that
the map(s) is for informational
purposes only, or (5) A critical
habitat designation published
and effective on or prior to
May 31, 2012, that is set forth
at § 17.95(c) or § 17.96

State(s) and county(ies) are provided for informational purposes only and do not constitute the boundaries of the
area.

The map provided by the Secretary of the Interior is for reference purposes to guide Federal agencies and other
interested parties in locating the general boundaries of the critical habitat. The map does not, unless otherwise
indicated, constitute the definition of the boundaries of a critical habitat. Critical habitats are described by reference to
surveyable landmarks found on standard topographic maps of the area and to the States and county(ies) within which
all or part of the critical habitat is located. Unless otherwise indicated within the critical habitat description, the State
and county(ies) names are provided for informational purposes only.

[82 FR 49755, Oct. 27, 2017, as amended at 83 FR 18702, Apr. 27, 2018]
§ 17.95

Critical habitat—fish and wildlife.

(a) Mammals.
INDIANA BAT ( MYOTIS SODALIS )
ILLINOIS. THE BLACKBALL MINE, LA SALLE COUNTY.
INDIANA. BIG WYANDOTTE CAVE, CRAWFORD COUNTY; RAY'S CAVE, GREENE COUNTY.
KENTUCKY. BAT CAVE, CARTER COUNTY; COACH CAVE, EDMONSON COUNTY.
MISSOURI. CAVE 021, CRAWFORD COUNTY; CAVE 009, FRANKLIN COUNTY; CAVE 017, FRANKLIN COUNTY; PILOT KNOB
MINE, IRON COUNTY; BAT CAVE, SHANNON COUNTY; CAVE 029, WASHINGTON COUNTY (NUMBERS ASSIGNED BY DIVISION
OF ECOLOGICAL SERVICES, U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE, REGION 6).
TENNESSEE. WHITE OAK BLOWHOLE CAVE, BLOUNT COUNTY.
WEST VIRGINIA. HELLHOLE CAVE, PENDLETON COUNTY.
NOTE:
NO MAP.
MARIANA FRUIT BAT ( PTEROPUS MARIANNUS MARIANNUS )
(1) THE CRITICAL HABITAT UNIT FOR THE MARIANA FRUIT BAT IS DEPICTED FOR THE TERRITORY OF GUAM ON THE MAPS
BELOW.
(2) WITHIN THIS AREA, THE PRIMARY CONSTITUENT ELEMENTS REQUIRED BY THE MARIANA FRUIT BAT FOR THE
BIOLOGICAL NEEDS OF FORAGING, SHELTERING, ROOSTING, AND REARING OF YOUNG ARE FOUND IN AREAS
SUPPORTING LIMESTONE, SECONDARY, RAVINE, SWAMP, AGRICULTURAL, AND COASTAL FORESTS COMPOSED OF
NATIVE OR INTRODUCED PLANT SPECIES. THESE FOREST TYPES PROVIDE THE PRIMARY CONSTITUENT ELEMENTS OF:
(I) PLANT SPECIES USED FOR FORAGING, SUCH AS ARTOCARPUS SP. (BREADFRUIT), CARICA PAPAYA (PAPAYA), CYCAS
CIRCINALIS (FADANG), FICUS SPP. (FIG), PANDANUS TECTORIUS (KAFU), COCOS NUCIFERA (COCONUT PALM),
AND TERMINALIA CATAPPA (TALISAI); AND
(II) REMOTE LOCATIONS, OFTEN WITHIN 328 FT (100 M) OF CLIFFLINES THAT ARE 260 TO 590 FT (80 TO 100 M) TALL, WITH
LIMITED EXPOSURE TO HUMAN DISTURBANCE; LAND THAT CONTAINS MATURE FIG, MAMMEA
ODORATA (CHOPAK), CASUARINA EQUISETIFOLIA (GAGO), MACARANGA THOMPSONII (PENGUA), GUETTARDA
SPECIOSA (PANAO), NEISOSPERMA OPPOSITIFOLIA (FAGOT), AND OTHER TREE SPECIES THAT ARE USED FOR
ROOSTING AND BREEDING.
(3) CRITICAL HABITAT DOES NOT INCLUDE EXISTING FEATURES AND STRUCTURES WITHIN THE BOUNDARIES OF THE
MAPPED UNITS, SUCH AS BUILDINGS, ROADS, AQUEDUCTS, ANTENNAS, WATER TANKS, AGRICULTURAL FIELDS, PAVED
AREAS, LAWNS, AND OTHER URBAN LANDSCAPED AREAS NOT CONTAINING ONE OR MORE OF THE PRIMARY
CONSTITUENT ELEMENTS.
(4) THE CRITICAL HABITAT UNIT IS DESCRIBED BELOW. COORDINATES ARE IN UTM ZONE 55 WITH UNITS IN METERS
USING NORTH AMERICAN DATUM OF 1983 (NAD83)/WORLD GEODETIC SYSTEM 1984 (WGS 84).
(I) NOTE: MAP 1—GENERAL LOCATION OF THE MARIANA FRUIT BAT UNIT FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER28OC04.000]
(II) GUAM, MARIANA FRUIT BAT (376 AC; 152 HA).
(A) [RESERVED]
(B) MAP 2 SHOWING MARIANA FRUIT BAT UNIT FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER28OC04.001]
VIRGINIA BIG-EARED BAT ( PLECOTUS TOWNSENDII VIRGINIANUS )
WEST VIRGINIA. CAVE MOUNTAIN CAVE, HELLHOLE CAVE, HOFFMAN SCHOOL CAVE, AND SINNIT CAVE, EACH IN
PENDLETON COUNTY; CAVE HOLLOW CAVE, TUCKER COUNTY.

NOTE:
THE MAP PROVIDED IS FOR INFORMATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY. MAP FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: EC01JN91.009]
POLAR BEAR ( URSUS MARITIMUS ) IN THE UNITED STATES
(1) CRITICAL HABITAT AREAS ARE IN THE STATE OF ALASKA, AND ADJACENT TERRITORIAL AND U.S. WATERS, AS
DESCRIBED BELOW.
(2) THE PRIMARY CONSTITUENT ELEMENTS OF CRITICAL HABITAT FOR THE POLAR BEAR IN THE UNITED STATES ARE:
(I) SEA-ICE HABITAT USED FOR FEEDING, BREEDING, DENNING, AND MOVEMENTS, WHICH IS SEA ICE OVER WATERS 300
M (984.2 FT) OR LESS IN DEPTH THAT OCCURS OVER THE CONTINENTAL SHELF WITH ADEQUATE PREY RESOURCES
(PRIMARILY RINGED AND BEARDED SEALS) TO SUPPORT POLAR BEARS.
(II) TERRESTRIAL DENNING HABITAT, WHICH INCLUDES TOPOGRAPHIC FEATURES, SUCH AS COASTAL BLUFFS AND RIVER
BANKS, WITH THE FOLLOWING SUITABLE MACROHABITAT CHARACTERISTICS:
(A) STEEP, STABLE SLOPES (RANGE 15.5-50.0°), WITH HEIGHTS RANGING FROM 1.3 TO 34 M (4.3 TO 111.6 FT), AND WITH
WATER OR RELATIVELY LEVEL GROUND BELOW THE SLOPE AND RELATIVELY FLAT TERRAIN ABOVE THE SLOPE;
(B) UNOBSTRUCTED, UNDISTURBED ACCESS BETWEEN DEN SITES AND THE COAST;
(C) SEA ICE IN PROXIMITY TO TERRESTRIAL DENNING HABITAT PRIOR TO THE ONSET OF DENNING DURING THE FALL TO
PROVIDE ACCESS TO TERRESTRIAL DEN SITES; AND
(D) THE ABSENCE OF DISTURBANCE FROM HUMANS AND HUMAN ACTIVITIES THAT MIGHT ATTRACT OTHER POLAR
BEARS.
(III) BARRIER ISLAND HABITAT USED FOR DENNING, REFUGE FROM HUMAN DISTURBANCE, AND MOVEMENTS ALONG THE
COAST TO ACCESS MATERNAL DEN AND OPTIMAL FEEDING HABITAT, WHICH INCLUDES ALL BARRIER ISLANDS ALONG
THE ALASKA COAST AND THEIR ASSOCIATED SPITS, WITHIN THE RANGE OF THE POLAR BEAR IN THE UNITED STATES,
AND THE WATER, ICE, AND TERRESTRIAL HABITAT WITHIN 1.6 KM (1 MI) OF THESE ISLANDS (NO-DISTURBANCE ZONE).
(3) CRITICAL HABITAT DOES NOT INCLUDE MANMADE STRUCTURES (E.G., HOUSES, GRAVEL ROADS, GENERATOR
PLANTS, SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANTS, HOTELS, DOCKS, SEAWALLS, PIPELINES) AND THE LAND ON WHICH THEY ARE
LOCATED EXISTING WITHIN THE BOUNDARIES OF DESIGNATED CRITICAL HABITAT ON THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF THIS
RULE.
(4) CRITICAL HABITAT MAP UNITS. BOUNDARIES WERE DERIVED FROM GIS DATA LAYERS OF THE 1:63,360 SCALE DIGITAL
COASTLINE OF THE STATE OF ALASKA, CREATED BY THE ALASKA DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES FROM U.S.
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY INCH-TO-THE-MILE TOPOGRAPHIC QUADRANGLES. THE INTERNATIONAL BATHYMETRIC CHART OF
THE ARCTIC OCEAN, VERSION 2.3, WAS USED FOR THE BATHYMETRIC DATA. THE MARITIME BOUNDARIES TO GENERATE
THE 3-MILE NAUTICAL LINE, U.S. TERRITORIAL BOUNDARY, AND EXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC ZONE WERE FROM THE NATIONAL
OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION'S OFFICE OF COAST SURVEY WEB SITE. THE LAND STATUS AND
OWNERSHIP INFORMATION AT THE SECTION LEVEL SCALE WAS FROM THE ALASKA DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL
RESOURCES, AND WAS OBTAINED FROM THE ALASKA STATE OFFICE OF THE BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT. THE
DETAILED PARCEL-LEVEL LAND STATUS WAS CREATED BY THE U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE, DIVISION OF THE
REALTY, BY DIGITIZING U.S. BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT MASTER TITLE PLOTS. THE DETAILED DENNING HABITAT
MAPS AND THE INTERNAL BOUNDARIES FOR THE TERRESTRIAL DENNING HABITAT WERE PROVIDED BY THE U.S.
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, ALASKA SCIENCE CENTER. THE DATA WERE PROJECTED INTO ALASKA STANDARD ALBERS
CONICAL EQUAL AREA USING THE NORTH AMERICAN DATUM OF 1983 TO ESTIMATE THE AREA OF EACH CRITICAL
HABITAT UNIT AND DETERMINE OVERLAP WITH LAND AND WATER OWNERSHIP.
(5) UNIT 1: SEA-ICE HABITAT.
(I) THE CRITICAL SEA-ICE HABITAT AREA INCLUDES ALL THE CONTIGUOUS WATERS FROM THE MEAN HIGH TIDE LINE OF
THE MAINLAND COAST OF ALASKA TO THE 300-M (984.2-FT) BATHYMETRY CONTOUR. THE CRITICAL SEA-ICE HABITAT IS
BOUNDED ON THE EAST BY THE UNITED STATES-CANADA BORDER (69.64892° N, 141.00533° W) AND EXTENDS ALONG THE
COASTLINE TO A POINT SOUTHWEST OF HOOPER BAY (61.52859° N, 166.15476° W) ON THE WESTERN COAST OF ALASKA.
THE EASTERN BOUNDARY EXTENDS OFFSHORE APPROXIMATELY 85 KM (136 MI) FROM THE COAST (70.41526° N, 141.0076°
W) AT THE UNITED STATES-CANADA BORDER AND THEN FOLLOWS THE 300-M (984.2-FT) BATHYMETRY CONTOUR
NORTHWEST UNTIL IT INTERSECTS WITH THE U.S. 200-NAUTICAL-MILE EEZ (74.01403° N, 163.52341° W). THE BOUNDARY
THEN FOLLOWS THE EEZ BOUNDARY SOUTHWEST TO THE INTERSECTION WITH THE UNITED STATES-RUSSIAN
BOUNDARY (72.78333° N, 168.97694° W). FROM THIS POINT, THE BOUNDARY FOLLOWS THE UNITED STATES-RUSSIA
BOUNDARY SOUTH AND SOUTHWEST TO THE INTERSECTION WITH THE SOUTHERN BOUNDARY OF THE CHUKCHI-BERING
SEAS POPULATION SOUTHWEST OF GAMBELL, ST LAWRENCE ISLAND (62.55482° N, 173.68023° W). FROM THIS POINT, THE
BOUNDARY EXTENDS SOUTHEAST TO THE COAST OF ALASKA (61.52859° N, 166.15476° W).
(II) THE MAP OF UNIT 1, SEA-ICE HABITAT, FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER07DE10.001]
(6) UNIT 2: TERRESTRIAL DENNING HABITAT.
(I) THE CRITICAL TERRESTRIAL DENNING HABITAT AREA EXTENDS FROM THE MAINLAND COAST OF ALASKA 32
KILOMETERS (20 MI) LANDWARD (PRIMARILY SOUTH) FROM THE UNITED STATES-CANADA BORDER TO THE KAVIK RIVER
TO THE WEST. FROM THE KAVIK RIVER TO BARROW, THE CRITICAL TERRESTRIAL DENNING HABITAT EXTENDS
LANDWARD 8 KILOMETERS (5 MI) SOUTH FROM THE MAINLAND COAST OF ALASKA.
(II) THE VILLAGE DISTRICT OF BARROW IS EXCLUDED FROM THE CRITICAL TERRESTRIAL DENNING HABITAT AREA. THE
EXCLUDED AREA IS DELINEATED AS FOLLOWS: BEGINNING AT THE SOUTHEAST CORNER OF THE NORTHEAST 1/4 OF
SECTION 29, UNSURVEYED T22N, R18W, UMIAT MERIDIAN, ALASKA; THENCE NORTH TO THE SOUTHEAST CORNER OF THE

NORTHEAST 1/4 OF SECTION 17, UNSURVEYED T22N, R18W; THENCE EAST TO THE SOUTHEAST CORNER OF THE
NORTHEAST 1/4 OF SECTION 16, UNSURVEYED T22N, R18W, UMIAT MERIDIAN, ALASKA; THENCE NORTH TO THE
NORTHEAST CORNER OF SECTION 16, UNSURVEYED T22N, R18W; THENCE EAST TO THE SOUTHEAST CORNER OF
SOUTHWEST 1/4 OF SECTION 10, UNSURVEYED T22N, R18W; THENCE NORTH TO THE NORTHWEST CORNER OF THE
SOUTHWEST 1/4 OF NORTHEAST 1/4 OF SECTION 34, UNSURVEYED T23N, R18W; THENCE EAST TO THE SOUTHEAST
CORNER OF THE NORTHEAST 1/4 OF THE NORTHEAST 1/4 OF SECTION 34, UNSURVEYED T23N, R18W; THENCE NORTH TO
THE POINT WHERE THE SECTION LINE COMMON TO SECTIONS 14 AND 15, UNSURVEYED T23N, R18W; INTERSECTS THE
MEAN LOW WATER LINE OF THE CHUKCHI SEA; THENCE IN A SOUTHWESTERLY DIRECTION ALONG THE MEAN LOW
WATER LINE OF THE CHUKCHI SEA TO THE POINT WHERE THE MEAN LOW WATER LINE OF THE CHUKCHI SEA
INTERSECTS THE EAST-WEST CENTER LINE OF SECTION 27, UNSURVEYED T22N, R19W; THENCE EAST TO THE POINT OF
BEGINNING, CONTAINING 21 SQUARE MILES, MORE OR LESS. YOU CAN VIEW LEGAL DESCRIPTIONS AND DETAILED,
COLORED MAPS OF THE EXCLUSIONS IN THIS FINAL RULE
AT HTTP://ALASKA.FWS.GOV/FISHERIES/MMM/POLARBEAR/CRITICALHABITAT.HTM.
(III) THE VILLAGE DISTRICT OF KAKTOVIK IS EXCLUDED FROM THE CRITICAL TERRESTRIAL DENNING HABITAT AREA. THE
EXCLUDED AREA IS DELINEATED AS FOLLOWS: FROM THE P.O.B. (WHICH IS ALSO THE POINT OF BEGINNING FOR THE U.S.
SURVEY NO. 4234) AT APPROXIMATELY 2,828 FEET DISTANT ON A BEARING OF N 01° 40′ E FROM TRI. STA. U. S. C. AND G.
S. “BARTER ASTRO”; THE BOUNDARY THENCE SHALL RUN WEST FOR APPROXIMATELY 325′; THENCE SOUTH
APPROXIMATELY 600′; THENCE WEST APPROXIMATELY 500′; THENCE SOUTH APPROXIMATELY 100′; THENCE WEST
APPROXIMATELY 4,000′; THENCE SOUTH APPROXIMATELY 3,550′; THENCE EAST APPROXIMATELY 4,000′; THENCE IN A
NORTHEASTERLY DIRECTION APPROXIMATELY 3,225′ TO A POINT ON THE MEAN HIGH WATER LINE OF THE KAKTOVIK
LAGOON WHICH IS APPROXIMATELY 2,478′ DISTANT ON A BEARING S 78 53′ E FROM TRI. STA. U. S. C. AND G. S. “BARTER
ASTRO”; THENCE NORTHERLY ALONG THE MEANDERING MEAN HIGH WATER LINE OF THE KAKTOVIK LAGOON, AROUND
PIPSUK POINT, AND WESTERLY CONTINUING ON THE MEANDERING MEAN HIGH WATER LINE TO A POINT ON THE MEAN
HIGH WATER LINE OF THE KAKTOVIK LAGOON WHICH IS APPROXIMATELY 477′ DISTANT ON A BEARING OF N 88 58′ E FROM
ANOTHER POINT WHICH IS APPROXIMATELY 1,503′ DISTANT ON A BEARING OF N 01 24′ W FROM THE POINT OF
BEGINNING; THENCE APPROXIMATELY 477′ IN A WESTERLY DIRECTION, A BEARING OF S 88; 58′ W; THENCE
APPROXIMATELY 1,503′ IN A SOUTHERLY DIRECTION ON A BEARING OF S 01 24′ E TO THE POINT OF BEGINNING,
CONTAINING ONE SQUARE MILE, MORE OR LESS. YOU CAN VIEW LEGAL DESCRIPTIONS AND DETAILED, COLORED MAPS
OF THE EXCLUSIONS IN THIS FINAL RULE
AT HTTP://ALASKA.FWS.GOV/FISHERIES/MMM/POLARBEAR/CRITICALHABITAT.HTM.
(IV) THE MAPS OF UNIT 2 (EAST AND WEST), TERRESTRIAL DENNING HABITAT, FOLLOW:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER07DE10.002]
[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER07DE10.003]
(7) UNIT 3: BARRIER ISLAND HABITAT.
(I) THE CRITICAL BARRIER ISLAND HABITAT INCLUDES OFF-SHORE ISLANDS OFFSET FROM THE MAINLAND COAST OF
ALASKA STARTING AT THE UNITED STATES-CANADA BORDER WESTWARD TO BARROW, SOUTHWEST TO CAPE LISBURNE,
SOUTH TO POINT HOPE, SOUTHWEST TO WALES, SOUTHEAST TO NOME, AND ENDING AT HOOPER BAY, AK, AND WATER,
SEA ICE, AND LAND HABITAT WITHIN 1.6 KILOMETERS (1 MILE) OF THE BARRIER ISLANDS (NO-DISTURBANCE ZONE).
(II) THE MAP OF UNIT 3, BARRIER ISLAND HABITAT, FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER07DE10.004]
WOODLAND CARIBOU ( RANGIFER TARANDUS CARIBOU ) SOUTHERN SELKIRK MOUNTAINS POPULATION
(1) A CRITICAL HABITAT UNIT IS DEPICTED FOR BOUNDARY COUNTY, IDAHO, AND PEND OREILLE COUNTY, WASHINGTON,
ON THE MAP BELOW.
(2) WITHIN THIS AREA, THE PRIMARY CONSTITUENT ELEMENTS OF THE PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL FEATURES
ESSENTIAL TO THE CONSERVATION OF THE SOUTHERN SELKIRK MOUNTAINS POPULATION OF WOODLAND CARIBOU
CONSIST OF FIVE COMPONENTS:
(I) MATURE TO OLD-GROWTH WESTERN HEMLOCK ( TSUGA HETEROPHYLLA )/WESTERN RED CEDAR ( THUJA PLICATA )
CLIMAX FOREST, AND SUBALPINE FIR ( ABIES LASIOCARPA )/ENGELMANN SPRUCE ( PICEA ENGELMANNI ) CLIMAX FOREST
AT LEAST 5,000 FT (1,520 M) IN ELEVATION; THESE HABITATS TYPICALLY HAVE 26-50 PERCENT OR GREATER CANOPY
CLOSURE.
(II) RIDGE TOPS AND HIGH ELEVATION BASINS THAT ARE GENERALLY 6,000 FT (1,830 M) IN ELEVATION OR HIGHER,
ASSOCIATED WITH MATURE TO OLD STANDS OF SUBALPINE FIR ( ABIES LASIOCARPA )/ENGELMANN SPRUCE ( PICEA
ENGELMANNI ) CLIMAX FOREST, WITH RELATIVELY OPEN CANOPY.
(III) PRESENCE OF ARBOREAL HAIR LICHENS.
(IV) HIGH-ELEVATION BENCHES AND SHALLOW SLOPES, SECONDARY STREAM BOTTOMS, RIPARIAN AREAS, AND SEEPS,
AND SUBALPINE MEADOWS WITH SUCCULENT FORBS AND GRASSES, FLOWERING PLANTS, HORSETAILS, WILLOW,
HUCKLEBERRY, DWARF BIRCH, SEDGES AND LICHENS. THE SOUTHERN SELKIRK MOUNTAINS POPULATION OF
WOODLAND CARIBOU, INCLUDING PREGNANT FEMALES, USES THESE AREAS FOR FEEDING DURING THE SPRING AND
SUMMER SEASONS.
(V) CORRIDORS/TRANSITION ZONES THAT CONNECT THE HABITATS DESCRIBED ABOVE. IF HUMAN ACTIVITIES OCCUR,
THEY ARE SUCH THAT THEY DO NOT IMPAIR THE ABILITY OF CARIBOU TO USE THESE AREAS.
(3) CRITICAL HABITAT DOES NOT INCLUDE MANMADE STRUCTURES (SUCH AS BUILDINGS, ROADS, AND OTHER PAVED
AREAS) AND THE LAND ON WHICH THEY ARE LOCATED EXISTING WITHIN THE LEGAL BOUNDARIES ON DECEMBER 28,
2012.
(4) CRITICAL HABITAT MAP UNIT. DATA LAYERS DEFINING THE MAP UNIT WERE CREATED USING A 5,000-FT (1,520-M)
ELEVATION LAYER DERIVED FROM 30M USGS DEM PLUS MIGRATION-CORRIDOR POLYGONS, AND UNITS WERE THEN

MAPPED USING UNIVERSAL TRANSVERSE MERCATOR (UTM) ZONE 11N COORDINATES. THE MAP IN THIS ENTRY
ESTABLISHES THE BOUNDARIES OF THE CRITICAL HABITAT DESIGNATION. THE COORDINATES OR PLOT POINTS OR BOTH
ON WHICH THE MAP IS BASED ARE AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC AT THE FIELD OFFICE INTERNET SITE
( HTTP://WWW.FWS.GOV/IDAHO ), AT HTTP://WWW.REGULATIONS.GOV AT DOCKET NO. FWS-R1-ES-2011-0096, AND AT THE
SERVICE'S IDAHO FISH AND WILDLIFE OFFICE. YOU MAY OBTAIN FIELD OFFICE LOCATION INFORMATION BY CONTACTING
ONE OF THE SERVICE REGIONAL OFFICES, THE ADDRESSES OF WHICH ARE LISTED AT 50 CFR 2.2.
(5) NOTE: UNIT 1: BOUNDARY COUNTY, IDAHO, AND PEND OREILLE COUNTY, WASHINGTON. THE MAP OF THE CRITICAL
HABITAT UNIT FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER28NO12.000]
SANTA CATALINA ISLAND FOX ( UROCYON LITTORALIS CATALINAE )
WE HAVE DETERMINED THAT NO AREAS MEET THE DEFINITION OF CRITICAL HABITAT UNDER SECTION 3(5)(A) OF THE ACT
FOR SANTA CATALINA ISLAND FOX. THEREFORE, NO SPECIFIC AREAS ARE DESIGNATED AS CRITICAL HABITAT FOR THIS
SUBSPECIES.
JAGUAR ( PANTHERA ONCA )
(1) CRITICAL HABITAT UNITS ARE DEPICTED FOR PIMA, SANTA CRUZ, AND COCHISE COUNTIES, ARIZONA, AND HIDALGO
COUNTY, NEW MEXICO, ON THE MAPS BELOW.
(2) WITHIN THESE AREAS, THE PRIMARY CONSTITUENT ELEMENTS OF THE PHYSICAL OR BIOLOGICAL FEATURE
ESSENTIAL TO THE CONSERVATION OF JAGUAR CONSISTS OF EXPANSIVE OPEN SPACES IN THE SOUTHWESTERN
UNITED STATES OF AT LEAST 100 KM2 (32 TO 38.6 MI2) IN SIZE WHICH:
(I) PROVIDE CONNECTIVITY TO MEXICO;
(II) CONTAIN ADEQUATE LEVELS OF NATIVE PREY SPECIES, INCLUDING DEER AND JAVELINA, AS WELL AS MEDIUM-SIZED
PREY SUCH AS COATIS, SKUNKS, RACCOONS, OR JACKRABBITS;
(III) INCLUDE SURFACE WATER SOURCES AVAILABLE WITHIN 20 KM (12.4 MI) OF EACH OTHER;
(IV) CONTAIN GREATER THAN 1 TO 50 PERCENT CANOPY COVER WITHIN MADREAN EVERGREEN WOODLAND, GENERALLY
RECOGNIZED BY A MIXTURE OF OAK ( QUERCUS SPP.), JUNIPER ( JUNIPERUS SPP.), AND PINE ( PINUS SPP.) TREES ON
THE LANDSCAPE, OR SEMIDESERT GRASSLAND VEGETATION COMMUNITIES, USUALLY CHARACTERIZED BY PLEURAPHIS
MUTICA (TOBOSAGRASS) OR BOUTELOUA ERIOPODA (BLACK GRAMA) ALONG WITH OTHER GRASSES;
(V) ARE CHARACTERIZED BY INTERMEDIATELY, MODERATELY, OR HIGHLY RUGGED TERRAIN;
(VI) ARE BELOW 2,000 M (6,562 FEET) IN ELEVATION; AND
(VII) ARE CHARACTERIZED BY MINIMAL TO NO HUMAN POPULATION DENSITY, NO MAJOR ROADS, OR NO STABLE
NIGHTTIME LIGHTING OVER ANY 1-KM2 (0.4-MI2) AREA.
(3) CRITICAL HABITAT DOES NOT INCLUDE MANMADE STRUCTURES (SUCH AS BUILDINGS, AQUEDUCTS, RUNWAYS,
ROADS, AND OTHER PAVED AREAS) AND THE LAND ON WHICH THEY ARE LOCATED EXISTING WITHIN THE LEGAL
BOUNDARIES ON APRIL 4, 2014.
(4) CRITICAL HABITAT MAP UNITS. DATA LAYERS DEFINING MAP UNITS WERE CREATED USING HYDROGRAPHY DATA,
VEGETATION BIOMES, TREE COVER, TERRAIN RUGGEDNESS, ELEVATION, HUMAN INFLUENCE INDEX, AND UNDISPUTED
CLASS I JAGUAR RECORDS FROM 1962 TO SEPTEMBER 11, 2013, AND WERE THEN MAPPED USING UNIVERSAL
TRANSVERSE MERCATOR (UTM) COORDINATES.
(5) NOTE: INDEX MAP FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER05MR14.002]
(6) UNITS 1, 2, 3, AND 4: BABOQUIVARI, ATASCOSA, PATAGONIA, AND WHETSTONE UNITS, PIMA, SANTA CRUZ, AND
COCHISE COUNTIES, ARIZONA. MAP OF UNITS 1, 2, 3, AND 4 FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER05MR14.003]
(7) UNITS 5 AND 6: PELONCILLO AND SAN LUIS UNITS, COCHISE COUNTY, ARIZONA, AND HIDALGO COUNTY, NEW MEXICO.
MAP OF UNITS 5 AND 6 FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER05MR14.004]
FRESNO KANGAROO RAT ( DIPODOMYS NITRATOIDES EXILIS )
CALIFORNIA. AN AREA OF LAND, WATER, AND AIRSPACE IN FRESNO COUNTY, WITH THE FOLLOWING COMPONENTS (MT.
DIABLO BASE MERIDIAN): T14S R15E, E1/2 NW1/4 AND NE1/4 SEC. 11, THAT PART OF W1/2 SEC. 12 NORTH OF THE
SOUTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD, E1/2 SEC. 12; T14S R16E, THAT PART OF SEC. 7 SOUTH OF THE SOUTHERN PACIFIC
RAILROAD.
WITHIN THIS AREA, THE MAJOR CONSTITUENT ELEMENTS THAT ARE KNOWN TO REQUIRE SPECIAL MANAGEMENT
CONSIDERATIONS OR PROTECTION ARE THE HUMMOCKS AND SUBSTRATE THAT PROVIDE SITES FOR BURROW
CONSTRUCTION, AND THE NATURAL ALKALI SINK-OPEN GRASSLAND VEGETATION THAT PROVIDES FOOD AND ESCAPE
COVER.
NOTE:
THE MAP PROVIDED IS FOR INFORMATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY. MAP FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: EC01JN91.010]
MORRO BAY KANGAROO RAT ( DIPODOMYS HEERMANNI MORROENSIS )
CALIFORNIA. AN AREA OF LAND, WATER, AND AIRSPACE IN SAN LUIS OBISPO COUNTY, WITH THE FOLLOWING
COMPONENTS (MT. DIABLO MERIDIAN): T30S R10E S1/2 SEC. 14, THOSE PORTIONS OF SEC. 23-24 WEST OF PECHO
VALLEY ROAD.
NOTE:
THE MAP PROVIDED IS FOR INFORMATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY. MAP FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: EC01JN91.011]
SAN BERNARDINO KANGAROO RAT ( DIPODOMYS MERRIAMI PARVUS )
(1) CRITICAL HABITAT UNITS ARE DEPICTED FOR SAN BERNARDINO AND RIVERSIDE COUNTIES, CALIFORNIA, ON THE
MAPS BELOW.
(2) THE PCES OF CRITICAL HABITAT FOR THE SAN BERNARDINO KANGAROO RAT ARE THE HABITAT COMPONENTS THAT
PROVIDE:
(I) ALLUVIAL FANS, WASHES, AND ASSOCIATED FLOODPLAIN AREAS CONTAINING SOILS CONSISTING PREDOMINATELY OF
SAND, LOAMY SAND, SANDY LOAM, AND LOAM, WHICH PROVIDE BURROWING HABITAT NECESSARY FOR SHELTERING
AND REARING OFFSPRING, STORING FOOD IN SURFACE CACHES, AND MOVEMENT BETWEEN OCCUPIED PATCHES;
(II) UPLAND AREAS ADJACENT TO ALLUVIAL FANS, WASHES, AND ASSOCIATED FLOODPLAIN AREAS CONTAINING
ALLUVIAL SAGE SCRUB HABITAT AND ASSOCIATED VEGETATION, SUCH AS COASTAL SAGE SCRUB AND CHAMISE
CHAPARRAL, WITH UP TO APPROXIMATELY 50 PERCENT CANOPY COVER PROVIDING PROTECTION FROM PREDATORS,
WHILE LEAVING BARE GROUND AND OPEN AREAS NECESSARY FOR FORAGING AND MOVEMENT OF THIS SUBSPECIES;
AND
(III) UPLAND AREAS ADJACENT TO ALLUVIAL FANS, WASHES, AND ASSOCIATED FLOODPLAIN AREAS, WHICH MAY INCLUDE
MARGINAL HABITAT SUCH AS ALLUVIAL SAGE SCRUB WITH GREATER THAN 50 PERCENT CANOPY COVER WITH PATCHES
OF SUITABLE SOILS THAT SUPPORT INDIVIDUALS FOR RE-POPULATION OF WASH AREAS FOLLOWING FLOOD EVENTS.
THESE AREAS MAY INCLUDE AGRICULTURAL LANDS, AREAS OF INACTIVE AGGREGATE MINING ACTIVITIES, AND
URBAN/WILDLAND INTERFACES.
(3) CRITICAL HABITAT DOES NOT INCLUDE MANMADE STRUCTURES (SUCH AS BUILDINGS, AQUEDUCTS, AIRPORTS,
ROADS, OTHER PAVED AREAS, AND THE LAND ON WHICH SUCH STRUCTURES ARE LOCATED) EXISTING ON THE
EFFECTIVE DATE OF THIS RULE AND NOT CONTAINING ONE OR MORE OF THE PCES.
(4) DATA LAYERS DEFINING MAP UNITS WERE CREATED ON A BASE OF NAIP (USDA) 1:24,000 MAPS, AND CRITICAL HABITAT
UNITS WERE THEN MAPPED USING UNIVERSAL TRANSVERSE MERCATOR (UTM) COORDINATES.
(5) NOTE: INDEX MAP OF CRITICAL HABITAT UNITS FOR THE SAN BERNARDINO KANGAROO RAT FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER17OC08.000]
(6) UNIT 1: SANTA ANA RIVER WASH, SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. FROM USGS 1:24,000 QUADRANGLES SAN
BERNARDINO NORTH AND DEVORE.
(I) UNIT 1 IS SHOWN ON THE MAP IN PARAGRAPH (6)(II) OF THIS ENTRY, EXCLUDING LANDS BOUNDED BY THE FOLLOWING
UNIVERSAL TRANSVERSE MERCATOR (UTM) NORTH AMERICAN DATUM OF 1983 (NAD83) COORDINATES (E, N):
(A) 487253, 3772752; 487254, 3772752; 487290, 3772752; 487290, 3772752; 487290, 3772752; 487589, 3772747; 487589, 3772747;
487778, 3772648; 487787, 3772643; 487790, 3772642; 487808, 3772632; 487808, 3772632; 487808, 3772632; 487808, 3772632;
487838, 3772617; 487842, 3772614; 487978, 3772543; 487996, 3772533; 488008, 3772533; 488010, 3772533; 488122, 3772533;
488122, 3772533; 488230, 3772532; 488230, 3772532; 488351, 3772531; 488390, 3772530; 488404, 3772530; 488405, 3772530;
488471, 3772529; 488608, 3772528; 488608, 3772528; 488812, 3772526; 488812, 3772526; 488812, 3772447; 488811, 3772326;
488811, 3772326; 488803, 3772326; 488614, 3772329; 488614, 3772329; 488614, 3772329; 488614, 3772329; 488607, 3772329;
488409, 3772332; 488403, 3772332; 488403, 3772332; 488144, 3772336; 488139, 3772336; 488140, 3772340; 488139, 3772336;
488139, 3772336; 487995, 3772338; 487995, 3772338; 487849, 3772340; 487849, 3772340; 487828, 3772341; 487806, 3772341;
487790, 3772341; 487775, 3772341; 487768, 3772342; 487763, 3772342; 487758, 3772342; 487726, 3772342; 487674, 3772343;
487586, 3772344; 487310, 3772348; 487309, 3772348; 487303, 3772349; 487303, 3772349; 487302, 3772349; 487233, 3772350;
487232, 3772350; 487229, 3772350; 487229, 3772350; 487227, 3772350; 487226, 3772350; 487223, 3772350; 487214, 3772350;
487213, 3772350; 487178, 3772350; 487178, 3772350; 487177, 3772350; 487173, 3772350; 487167, 3772350; 487117, 3772350;
487117, 3772350; 487118, 3772293; 487118, 3772179; 487119, 3772154; 487032, 3772153; 486981, 3772152; 486935, 3772151;
486896, 3772151; 486587, 3772146; 486580, 3772146; 486556, 3772146; 486534, 3772145; 486434, 3772144; 486380, 3772143;
486380, 3772143; 485983, 3772032; 485982, 3772032; 485983, 3771987; 485983, 3771961; 485983, 3771945; 485983, 3771941;
485983, 3771941; 485653, 3771939; 485651, 3771939; 485650, 3771939; 485594, 3771939; 485585, 3771939; 485586, 3771875;
485595, 3771841; 485595, 3771840; 485595, 3771822; 485595, 3771821; 485595, 3771821; 485577, 3771821; 485334, 3771821;
485184, 3771821; 485184, 3771821; 484918, 3771821; 484852, 3771821; 484782, 3771821; 484782, 3771821; 484693, 3771820;
484693, 3771820; 484482, 3771819; 484482, 3771819; 484383, 3771819; 484381, 3771819; 484381, 3771824; 484381, 3771875;
484381, 3771879; 484381, 3771881; 484381, 3771882; 484381, 3771943; 484381, 3771943; 484381, 3771996; 484445, 3771996;
484782, 3771994; 484782, 3771992; 484782, 3771945; 484782, 3771941; 484909, 3771941; 485184, 3771940; 485184, 3771944;
485184, 3771948; 485183, 3771998; 485182, 3772335; 485573, 3772333; 485582, 3772333; 485582, 3772333; 485981, 3772338;
485981, 3772338; 485980, 3772361; 485976, 3772665; 485975, 3772732; 485975, 3772734; 486377, 3772741; 486380, 3772362;
486380, 3772342; 486463, 3772343; 486779, 3772346; 486778, 3772618; 486778, 3772747; 486778, 3772747; 486887, 3772749;
486908, 3772749; 486925, 3772750; 487178, 3772754; 487178, 3772754; 487184, 3772754; 487184, 3772754; 487202, 3772753;
487205, 3772753; 487209, 3772753; 487213, 3772753 ; THENCE RETURNING TO 487253, 3772752;
(B) 482603, 3772347; 482603, 3772347; 482602, 3772348; 483160, 3772346; 483160, 3772089; 483160, 3772072; 483160, 3771972;
483160, 3771893; 483159, 3771893; 483159, 3771893; 483071, 3771893; 483032, 3771892; 483032, 3771892; 483032, 3771892;

482989, 3771930; 482972, 3771945; 482972, 3771945; 482644, 3772097; 482622, 3772108; 482537, 3772147; 482377, 3772221;
482368, 3772227; 482368, 3772227; 482368, 3772227; 482368, 3772263; 482367, 3772336; 482367, 3772348; 482367, 3772348;
482376, 3772348; 482385, 3772348; 482394, 3772348; THENCE RETURNING TO 482603, 3772347; AND
(C) 483188, 3772080; 483211, 3772076; 483211, 3772346; 483211, 3772346; 483374, 3772346; 483600, 3772345; 483969, 3772344;
483970, 3772008; 483970, 3771985; 483971, 3771945; 483971, 3771945; 483914, 3771945; 483913, 3771945; 483902, 3771945;
483848, 3771945; 483409, 3771944; 483272, 3771944; 483215, 3771944; 483210, 3771944; 483210, 3771944; 483210, 3771944;
483210, 3771944; 483200, 3771933; 483200, 3771933; 483200, 3771933; 483187, 3771946; 483185, 3771948; THENCE
RETURNING TO 483188, 3772080.
(II) MAP OF UNIT 1—SANTA ANA RIVER WASH FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER17OC08.001]
(7) UNIT 2: LYTLE/CAJON CREEK WASH, SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. FROM USGS 1:24,000 QUADRANGLES
SAN BERNARDINO SOUTH, REDLANDS, YUCAIPA, AND HARRISON MOUNTAIN.
(I) [RESERVED]
(II) MAP OF UNIT 2—LYTLE/CAJON CREEK WASH FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER17OC08.002]
(8) UNIT 3: SAN JACINTO RIVER WASH, RIVERSIDE COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. FROM USGS 1:24,000 QUADRANGLES SAN
JACINTO, LAKE FULMOR, AND BLACKBURN CANYON.
(I) UNIT 3 IS SHOWN ON THE MAP IN PARAGRAPH (8)(II) OF THIS ENTRY, EXCLUDING LANDS BOUNDED BY THE FOLLOWING
UNIVERSAL TRANSVERSE MERCATOR (UTM) NORTH AMERICAN DATUM OF 1983 (NAD83) COORDINATES (E, N):
(A) 506793, 3736955; 506803, 3736965; 506858, 3736912; 506834, 3736888; 506826, 3736879; 506771, 3736932; THENCE
RETURNING TO 506793, 3736955;
(B) 506995, 3736726; 507035, 3736768; 507090, 3736715; 507050, 3736673; THENCE RETURNING TO 506995, 3736726;
(C) 507212, 3736516; 507248, 3736554; 507295, 3736509; 507260, 3736471; THENCE RETURNING TO 507212, 3736516; AND
(D) 512090, 3734474; 512104, 3734481; 512118, 3734488; 512130, 3734464; 512130, 3734464; 512113, 3734456; 512104, 3734464;
512093, 3734472; THENCE RETURNING TO 512090, 3734474.
(II) MAP OF UNIT 3—SAN JACINTO RIVER WASH FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER17OC08.003]
(9) UNIT 4: CABLE CREEK WASH, SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. FROM USGS 1:24,000 QUADRANGLES SAN
BERNARDINO SOUTH, REDLANDS, YUCAIPA, AND HARRISON MOUNTAIN.
(I) [RESERVED]
(II) MAP OF UNIT 4—CABLE CREEK WASH FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER17OC08.004]
(10) UNIT 5: BAUTISTA CREEK, RIVERSIDE COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. FROM USGS 1:24,000 QUADRANGLE BLACKBURN
CANYON.
(I) [RESERVED]
(II) MAP OF UNIT 5—BAUTISTA CREEK FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER17OC08.005]
CANADA LYNX (LYNX CANADENSIS)
(1) CRITICAL HABITAT UNITS ARE DEPICTED ON THE MAPS BELOW FOR THE FOLLOWING STATES AND COUNTIES:
(I) IDAHO: BOUNDARY COUNTY;
(II) MAINE: AROOSTOOK, FRANKLIN, PENOBSCOT, PISCATAQUIS, AND SOMERSET COUNTIES;
(III) MINNESOTA: COOK, KOOCHICHING, LAKE, AND ST. LOUIS COUNTIES;
(IV) MONTANA: CARBON, FLATHEAD, GALLATIN, GLACIER, GRANITE, LAKE, LEWIS AND CLARK, LINCOLN, MISSOULA, PARK,
PONDERA, POWELL, STILLWATER, SWEETGRASS, AND TETON COUNTIES;
(V) WASHINGTON: CHELAN AND OKANOGAN COUNTIES; AND
(VI) WYOMING: FREMONT, LINCOLN, PARK, SUBLETTE, AND TETON COUNTIES.
(2) WITHIN THESE AREAS THE PRIMARY CONSTITUENT ELEMENT FOR THE CANADA LYNX IS BOREAL FOREST
LANDSCAPES SUPPORTING A MOSAIC OF DIFFERING SUCCESSIONAL FOREST STAGES AND CONTAINING:
(I) PRESENCE OF SNOWSHOE HARES AND THEIR PREFERRED HABITAT CONDITIONS, WHICH INCLUDE DENSE
UNDERSTORIES OF YOUNG TREES, SHRUBS OR OVERHANGING BOUGHS THAT PROTRUDE ABOVE THE SNOW, AND
MATURE MULTISTORIED STANDS WITH CONIFER BOUGHS TOUCHING THE SNOW SURFACE;
(II) WINTER CONDITIONS THAT PROVIDE AND MAINTAIN DEEP FLUFFY SNOW FOR EXTENDED PERIODS OF TIME;

(III) SITES FOR DENNING THAT HAVE ABUNDANT COARSE WOODY DEBRIS, SUCH AS DOWNED TREES AND ROOT WADS;
AND
(IV) MATRIX HABITAT (E.G., HARDWOOD FOREST, DRY FOREST, NON-FOREST, OR OTHER HABITAT TYPES THAT DO NOT
SUPPORT SNOWSHOE HARES) THAT OCCURS BETWEEN PATCHES OF BOREAL FOREST IN CLOSE JUXTAPOSITION (AT
THE SCALE OF A LYNX HOME RANGE) SUCH THAT LYNX ARE LIKELY TO TRAVEL THROUGH SUCH HABITAT WHILE
ACCESSING PATCHES OF BOREAL FOREST WITHIN A HOME RANGE.
(3) CRITICAL HABITAT DOES NOT INCLUDE MANMADE STRUCTURES (SUCH AS BUILDINGS, AQUEDUCTS, RUNWAYS,
ROADS, AND OTHER PAVED AREAS) AND THE LAND ON WHICH THEY ARE LOCATED EXISTING WITHIN THE LEGAL
BOUNDARIES ON OCTOBER 14, 2014.
(4) CRITICAL HABITAT MAP UNITS. DATA LAYERS DEFINING MAP UNITS WERE CREATED USING A USA CONTIGUOUS
ALBERS EQUAL AREA CONIC PROJECTION. THE MAPS IN THIS ENTRY ESTABLISH THE BOUNDARIES OF THE CRITICAL
HABITAT DESIGNATION. THE COORDINATES OR PLOT POINTS OR BOTH ON WHICH EACH MAP IS BASED ARE AVAILABLE
TO THE PUBLIC AT THE SERVICE'S INTERNET SITE, HTTP://WWW.FWS.GOV/MONTANAFIELDOFFICE/ ,
AT HTTP://WWW.REGULATIONS.GOV AT DOCKET NO. FWS-R6-ES-2013-0101, AND AT THE FIELD OFFICE RESPONSIBLE
FOR THIS DESIGNATION. YOU MAY OBTAIN FIELD OFFICE LOCATION INFORMATION BY CONTACTING ONE OF THE SERVICE
REGIONAL OFFICES, THE ADDRESSES OF WHICH ARE LISTED AT 50 CFR 2.2.
(5) NOTE: INDEX MAP FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER12SE14.000]
(6) UNIT 1: MAINE—AROOSTOOK, FRANKLIN, PENOBSCOT, PISCATAQUIS, AND SOMERSET COUNTIES, ME. MAP OF UNIT 1,
MAINE, FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER12SE14.001]
(7) UNIT 2: MINNESOTA—COOK, KOOCHICHING, LAKE, AND ST. LOUIS COUNTIES, MN.
MAP OF UNIT 2, MINNESOTA, FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER12SE14.002]
(8) UNIT 3: NORTHERN ROCKIES—BOUNDARY COUNTY, ID, AND FLATHEAD, GLACIER, GRANITE, LAKE, LEWIS AND CLARK,
LINCOLN, MISSOULA, PONDERA, POWELL AND TETON COUNTIES, MT. MAP OF UNIT 3, NORTHERN ROCKIES, FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER12SE14.003]
(9) UNIT 4: NORTH CASCADES—CHELAN AND OKANOGAN COUNTIES, WA. MAP OF UNIT 4, NORTH CASCADES, FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER12SE14.004]
(10) UNIT 5: GREATER YELLOWSTONE AREA—CARBON, GALLATIN, PARK, STILLWATER, AND SWEETGRASS COUNTIES, MT,
AND FREMONT, LINCOLN, PARK, SUBLETTE, AND TETON COUNTIES, WY. MAP OF UNIT 5, GREATER YELLOWSTONE AREA,
FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER12SE14.005]
FLORIDA MANATEE ( TRICHECHUS MANATUS )
FLORIDA. CRYSTAL RIVER AND ITS HEADWATERS KNOWN AS KING'S BAY, CITRUS COUNTY; THE LITTLE MANATEE RIVER
DOWNSTREAM FROM THE U.S. HIGHWAY 301 BRIDGE, HILLSBOROUGH COUNTY; THE MANATEE RIVER DOWNSTREAM
FROM THE LAKE MANATEE DAM, MANATEE COUNTY; THE MYAKKA RIVER DOWNSTREAM FROM MYAKKA RIVER STATE
PARK, SARASOTA AND CHARLOTTE COUNTIES; THE PEACE RIVER DOWNSTREAM FROM THE FLORIDA STATE HIGHWAY
760 BRIDGE, DE SOTO AND CHARLOTTE COUNTIES; CHARLOTTE HARBOR NORTH OF THE CHARLOTTE-LEE COUNTY LINE,
CHARLOTTE COUNTY; CALOOSAHATCHEE RIVER DOWNSTREAM FROM THE FLORIDA STATE HIGHWAY 31 BRIDGE, LEE
COUNTY; ALL U.S. TERRITORIAL WATERS ADJOINING THE COAST AND ISLANDS OF LEE COUNTY; ALL U.S. TERRITORIAL
WATERS ADJOINING THE COAST AND ISLANDS AND ALL CONNECTED BAYS, ESTUARIES, AND RIVERS FROM GORDON'S
PASS, NEAR NAPLES, COLLIER COUNTY, SOUTHWARD TO AND INCLUDING WHITEWATER BAY, MONROE COUNTY; ALL
WATERS OF CARD, BARNES, BLACKWATER, LITTLE BLACKWATER, MANATEE, AND BUTTONWOOD SOUNDS BETWEEN KEY
LARGO, MONROE COUNTY, AND THE MAINLAND OF DADE COUNTY; BISCAYNE BAY, AND ALL ADJOINING AND CONNECTED
LAKES, RIVERS, CANALS, AND WATERWAYS FROM THE SOUTHERN TIP OF KEY BISCAYNE NORTHWARD TO AND
INCLUDING MAULE LAKE, DADE COUNTY; ALL OF LAKE WORTH, FROM ITS NORTHERNMOST POINT IMMEDIATELY SOUTH
OF THE INTERSECTION OF U.S. HIGHWAY 1 AND FLORIDA STATE HIGHWAY A1A SOUTHWARD TO ITS SOUTHERNMOST
POINT IMMEDIATELY NORTH OF THE TOWN OF BOYNTON BEACH, PALM BEACH COUNTY; THE LOXAHATCHEE RIVER AND
ITS HEADWATERS, MARTIN AND WEST PALM BEACH COUNTIES; THAT SECTION OF THE INTRACOASTAL WATERWAY FROM
THE TOWN OF SEAWALLS POINT, MARTIN COUNTY TO JUPITER INLET, PALM BEACH COUNTY; THE ENTIRE INLAND
SECTION OF WATER KNOWN AS THE INDIAN RIVER, FROM ITS NORTHERNMOST POINT IMMEDIATELY SOUTH OF THE
INTERSECTION OF U.S. HIGHWAY 1 AND FLORIDA STATE HIGHWAY 3, VOLUSIA COUNTY, SOUTHWARD TO ITS
SOUTHERNMOST POINT NEAR THE TOWN OF SEAWALLS POINT, MARTIN COUNTY, AND THE ENTIRE INLAND SECTION OF
WATER KNOWN AS THE BANANA RIVER AND ALL WATERWAYS BETWEEN INDIAN AND BANANA RIVERS, BREVARD COUNTY;
THE ST. JOHNS RIVER INCLUDING LAKE GEORGE, AND INCLUDING BLUE SPRINGS AND SILVER GLEN SPRINGS FROM
THEIR POINTS OF ORIGIN TO THEIR CONFLUENCES WITH THE ST. JOHNS RIVER; THAT SECTION OF THE INTRACOASTAL
WATERWAY FROM ITS CONFLUENCES WITH THE ST. MARYS RIVER ON THE GEORGIA-FLORIDA BORDER TO THE FLORIDA
STATE HIGHWAY A1A BRIDGE SOUTH OF COASTAL CITY, NASSAU AND DUVAL COUNTIES.
NOTE:
NO MAP.
ALABAMA BEACH MOUSE ( PEROMYSCUS POLIONOTUS AMMOBATES )

(1) CRITICAL HABITAT UNITS ARE DEPICTED FOR BALDWIN COUNTY, ALABAMA, ON THE MAPS BELOW. THE MAPS
PROVIDED ARE FOR INFORMATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY.
(2) THE PRIMARY CONSTITUENT ELEMENTS OF CRITICAL HABITAT FOR THE ALABAMA BEACH MOUSE ARE THE HABITAT
COMPONENTS THAT PROVIDE:
(I) A CONTIGUOUS MOSAIC OF PRIMARY, SECONDARY, AND SCRUB VEGETATION AND DUNE STRUCTURE, WITH A
BALANCED LEVEL OF COMPETITION AND PREDATION AND FEW OR NO COMPETITIVE OR PREDACEOUS NONNATIVE
SPECIES PRESENT, THAT COLLECTIVELY PROVIDE FORAGING OPPORTUNITIES, COVER, AND BURROW SITES.
(II) PRIMARY AND SECONDARY DUNES, GENERALLY DOMINATED BY SEA OATS ( UNIOLA PANICULATA ), THAT DESPITE
OCCASIONAL TEMPORARY IMPACTS AND RECONFIGURATION FROM TROPICAL STORMS AND HURRICANES, PROVIDE
ABUNDANT FOOD RESOURCES, BURROW SITES, AND PROTECTION FROM PREDATORS.
(III) SCRUB DUNES, GENERALLY DOMINATED BY SCRUB OAKS ( QUERCUS SPP.), THAT PROVIDE FOOD RESOURCES AND
BURROW SITES, AND PROVIDE ELEVATED REFUGIA DURING AND AFTER INTENSE FLOODING DUE TO RAINFALL AND/OR
HURRICANE-INDUCED STORM SURGE.
(IV) UNOBSTRUCTED HABITAT CONNECTIONS THAT FACILITATE GENETIC EXCHANGE, DISPERSAL, NATURAL
EXPLORATORY MOVEMENTS, AND RECOLONIZATION OF LOCALLY EXTIRPATED AREAS.
(V) A NATURAL LIGHT REGIME WITHIN THE COASTAL DUNE ECOSYSTEM, COMPATIBLE WITH THE NOCTURNAL ACTIVITY
OF BEACH MICE, NECESSARY FOR NORMAL BEHAVIOR, GROWTH, AND VIABILITY OF ALL LIFE STAGES.
(3) CRITICAL HABITAT DOES NOT INCLUDE MANMADE STRUCTURES (SUCH AS BUILDINGS, AQUEDUCTS, AIRPORT
RUNWAYS, ROADS, OTHER PAVED AREAS, AND PIERS) AND THE LAND ON WHICH THEY ARE LOCATED EXISTING WITHIN
THE LEGAL BOUNDARIES ON THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF THIS RULE.
(4) CRITICAL HABITAT MAP UNITS. DATA LAYERS DEFINING MAP UNITS WERE CREATED BY DELINEATING HABITATS THAT
CONTAINED ONE OR MORE OF THE PCES DEFINED IN PARAGRAPH (2) OF THIS ENTRY, OVER 2005 BALDWIN COUNTY,
ALABAMA COLOR PHOTOGRAPHY (UTM 16, NAD 83).
(5) NOTE: INDEX MAP (MAP 1) FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER30JA07.000]
(6) UNIT 1: FORT MORGAN, BALDWIN COUNTY, ALABAMA.
(I) GENERAL DESCRIPTION: UNIT 1 CONSISTS OF 446 AC (180 HA) AT THE EXTREME WESTERN TIP OF THE FORT MORGAN
PENINSULA IN BALDWIN COUNTY, ALABAMA. THIS UNIT ENCOMPASSES ESSENTIAL FEATURES OF ALABAMA BEACH
MOUSE HABITAT WITHIN THE BOUNDARY OF THE FORT MORGAN STATE HISTORIC SITE AND ADJACENT PROPERTIES
WEST OF THE BAY TO BREAKERS DEVELOPMENT. THE SOUTHERN AND WESTERN EXTENTS ARE THE MEAN HIGH WATER
LEVEL (MHWL). THE UNIT EXTENDS NORTHWARD TO EITHER THE SEAWARD EXTENT OF MARITIME FOREST, DEVELOPED
FEATURES ASSOCIATED WITH THE FORT MORGAN STATE HISTORIC SITE, OR FT. MORGAN PARKWAY.
(II) COORDINATES: FROM THE FORT MORGAN AND SAINT ANDREWS BAY USGS 1:24,000 QUADRANGLE MAPS, ALABAMA,
LAND BOUNDED BY THE FOLLOWING UTM 16 NAD 83 COORDINATES (E, N): 401473.62, 3344763.21; 401547.57, 3344692.62;
401513.96, 3344669.09; 01503.87, 3344514.47; 401369.42, 3344440.53; 401577.82, 3344356.49; 402008.06, 3344443.89;
402169.41, 3344622.04; 402525.70, 3344682.54; 403820.62, 3344782.93; 404628.95, 3344823.00; 404623.54, 3344330.64;
404288.09, 3344287.36; 403970.48, 3344745.87; 403970.48, 3344230.37; 403292.55, 3344087.17; 402583.77, 3343995.19;
401269.00, 3343995.19; 400971.42, 3344125.04; 400976.83, 3344206.20; 401301.47, 3344628.22; 404286.32, 3344756.22;
402854.33, 3344659.30; 402903.74, 3344669.55; 402929.27, 3344691.88; 403288.24, 3344682.82; 403627.98, 3344721.72;
403654.87, 3344714.12; 403590.33, 3344665.04; 403546.85, 3344641.30; 403501.91, 3344628.03; 403337.34, 3344622.77;
403056.19, 3344638.97
(III) NOTE: MAP OF UNIT 1, FORT MORGAN (MAP 2), FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER30JA07.001]
(7) UNIT 2: LITTLE POINT CLEAR, BALDWIN COUNTY, ALABAMA.
(I) GENERAL DESCRIPTION: UNIT 2 CONSISTS OF 268 AC (108 HA) ON THE FORT MORGAN PENINSULA IN BALDWIN
COUNTY, ALABAMA. THIS UNIT ENCOMPASSES ESSENTIAL FEATURES OF ALABAMA BEACH MOUSE HABITAT NORTH OF
THE MEAN HIGH WATER LINE (MHWL) AND SOUTH OF THE ALABAMA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
COASTAL CONSTRUCTION CONTROL LINE (AS DEFINED IN ALABAMA ADMINISTRATIVE CODE OF REGULATIONS 335-8-20.8) FROM THE EASTERN PROPERTY BOUNDARY OF BAY TO BREAKERS EASTWARD TO THE WESTERN BOUNDARY OF
THE SURFSIDE SHORES SUBDIVISION. THIS UNIT ALSO INCLUDES ESSENTIAL FEATURES OF ALABAMA BEACH MOUSE
HABITAT 160 FT SOUTH (EXCEPT WHERE OTHERWISE NOTED) OF THE CENTERLINE OF FORT MORGAN PARKWAY, FROM
THE EASTERN BOUNDARY OF BAY TO BREAKERS EAST TO THE WESTERN BOUNDARY OF THE SURFSIDE SHORES
SUBDIVISION, AND ASSOCIATED AREAS AS DEPICTED ON MAP 3 IN PARAGRAPH (7)(III) OF THIS ENTRY AND IN THE
COORDINATES PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH (7)(II) OF THIS ENTRY.
(II) COORDINATES: FROM THE SAINT ANDREWS BAY USGS 1:24,000 QUADRANGLE MAP, ALABAMA, LAND BOUNDED BY
THE FOLLOWING UTM 16 NAD 83 COORDINATES (E, N), EXCEPT THOSE AREAS COVERED BY INCIDENTAL TAKE PERMITS
SHOWN IN THE MAPS: 408673.97, 3345088.73; 408690.96, 3345050.98; 408964.63, 3345069.85; 408992.95, 3345115.15;
409098.64, 3345124.59; 409260.96, 3345071.74; 409306.26, 3345047.20; 409421.39, 3345039.65; 409421.39, 3345018.89;
409839.57, 3345038.68; 410450.38, 3345133.36; 410638.20, 3345180.70; 411632.04, 3345331.96; 411819.06, 3345348.96;
411819.06, 3345276.71; 411455.65, 3345227.83; 411423.77, 3345234.20; 411115.62, 3345195.95; 410735.21, 3345138.57;
410735.21, 3345117.32; 410129.52, 3345030.18; 405929.15, 3344870.87; 406790.26, 3344915.69; 406790.26, 3344944.50;
406889.49, 3344986.11; 406915.10, 3344986.11; 406947.11, 3344973.31; 406972.72, 3344998.92; 406998.33, 3344960.50;
407039.95, 3344973.31; 407065.56, 3344950.90; 407148.55, 3344960.50; 407232.02, 3345008.52; 407238.42, 3345034.13;
407289.64, 3344954.10; 407918.85, 3345054.48; 408411.28, 3345026.14; 408414.83, 3345068.65; 408687.61, 3345125.34;
408723.04, 3345107.62; 406397.69, 3344654.51; 408502.15, 3344816.39; 408502.15, 3344974.12; 408369.32, 3344978.29;
408074.61, 3345003.18; 407842.17, 3344994.88; 407194.65, 3344878.65; 406327.13, 3344837.15; 406318.83, 3344720.92;

406181.85, 3344716.77; 406165.25, 3344837.15; 404625.30, 3344770.73; 408639.12, 3344982.42; 408850.81, 3345011.48;
408626.67, 3344828.84; 408904.77, 3345015.63; 409021.00, 3345003.18; 409033.45, 3344837.15; 410127.40, 3344881.42;
409942.50, 3345003.19; 409321.94, 3344964.94; 409122.17, 3344994.69; 409122.17, 3344839.55; 411303.93, 3344704.32;
410054.54, 3344754.13; 410029.64, 3344741.68; 409992.28, 3344745.83; 409963.23, 3344758.28; 408879.87, 3344720.92;
407157.29, 3344642.06; 406011.67, 3344509.23; 405044.53, 3344417.91; 404700.02, 3344343.20; 404624.32, 3344815.46;
404709.17, 3344488.16; 405203.36, 3344433.41; 405813.57, 3344509.70; 406027.79, 3344616.83; 406662.44, 3344675.99;
406677.12, 3344600.23; 407261.66, 3344729.73; 407664.18, 3344758.57; 407637.12, 3344658.32; 408856.44, 3344833.42;
408903.73, 3344832.33; 409944.78, 3344975.70; 409961.53, 3344931.31; 409960.68, 3344885.70; 409940.98, 3344852.55;
410474.83, 3344831.25; 411896.05, 3344778.56; 411897.06, 3344677.82; 411898.98, 3345357.59; 411899.47, 3345349.16;
411899.92, 3345333.36; 411898.69, 3345292.29
(III) NOTE: MAP OF UNIT 2, LITTLE POINT CLEAR (MAP 3), FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER30JA07.002]
(8) UNIT 3: GULF HIGHLANDS, BALDWIN COUNTY, ALABAMA.
(I) GENERAL DESCRIPTION: UNIT 3 CONSISTS OF 275 AC (111 HA) ON THE FORT MORGAN PENINSULA IN BALDWIN
COUNTY, ALABAMA. THIS UNIT ENCOMPASSES ESSENTIAL FEATURES OF ALABAMA BEACH MOUSE HABITAT NORTH OF
THE MEAN HIGH WATER LINE (MHWL) TO THE SEAWARD EXTENT OF INTERDUNAL WETLANDS AS DEPICTED ON MAP 4 IN
PARAGRAPH (8)(III) OF THIS ENTRY AND IN THE COORDINATES IN PARAGRAPH (8)(II) OF THIS ENTRY. THIS UNIT ALSO
INCLUDES ESSENTIAL FEATURES OF ALABAMA BEACH MOUSE HABITAT 160 FT SOUTH OF THE CENTERLINE OF FORT
MORGAN PARKWAY (EXCEPT SOME AREAS TO THE NORTH AS NOTED IN PARAGRAPHS (8)(II) AND (8)(III) OF THIS ENTRY).
UNIT 3 IS BOUNDED TO THE WEST BY THE EASTERN PROPERTY LINE OF THE MORGANTOWN SUBDIVISION AND TO THE
EAST BY THE WESTERN PROPERTY LINE OF MARTINIQUE ON THE GULF.
(II) COORDINATES: FROM THE PINE BEACH AND SAINT ANDREWS BAY USGS 1:24,000 QUADRANGLE MAPS, ALABAMA,
LAND BOUNDED BY THE FOLLOWING UTM 16 NAD 83 COORDINATES (E, N), EXCEPT THOSE AREAS COVERED BY
INCIDENTAL TAKE PERMITS SHOWN IN THE MAPS:
(A) SURFSIDE SHORES—412122.39, 3344896.76; 412230.61, 3344952.19; 412407.44, 3344970.66; 412407.44, 3344997.06;
413286.34, 3345139.58; 413283.70, 3344598.52; 411897.20, 3344677.62; 411896.72, 3344778.70; 411901.40, 3344895.52;
412585.68, 3344637.82; 413286.36, 3345090.20; 413224.06, 3345080.28; 413224.52, 3344927.47; 413284.56, 3344937.39
(B) GULF HIGHLANDS—414393.00, 3344536.62; 414393.00, 3344732.11; 414676.12, 3344736.60; 415529.98, 3344440.00;
414671.87, 3344524.00; 414736.29, 3344520.49; 414736.41, 3344546.27; 415324.89, 3344541.53; 415326.46, 3344653.21;
415533.04, 3344653.83; 415290.55, 3345011.54; 415327.74, 3345011.79; 415327.61, 3344980.39; 415290.42, 3344981.38;
415308.84, 3344940.80; 415327.02, 3344940.72; 415327.30, 3344910.13; 415308.70, 3344910.21; 415358.01, 3344940.99;
415376.61, 3344940.91; 415376.48, 3344910.33; 415357.88, 3344910.41; 415291.27, 3345081.38; 415309.04, 3345081.30;
415309.47, 3345085.02; 415291.28, 3345084.28; 415326.74, 3345051.69; 415326.74, 3345039.99; 415181.66, 3345041.16;
415184.00, 3345052.86; 415174.64, 3345051.69; 415174.64, 3345041.16; 414954.68, 3345042.33; 414954.68, 3344655.06;
414920.74, 3344656.23; 414920.74, 3344761.53; 414735.88, 3344762.70; 414735.88, 3344773.23; 414921.91, 3344772.06;
414921.91, 3344831.73; 414737.05, 3344832.90; 414737.05, 3344843.43; 414921.91, 3344842.26; 414923.08, 3344903.10;
414735.88, 3344903.10; 414735.88, 3344915.97; 414924.25, 3344913.63; 414921.91, 3344972.13; 414738.22, 3344974.47;
414738.22, 3344983.83; 414921.91, 3344982.66; 414923.08, 3345043.50; 414738.22, 3345043.50; 414738.22, 3345054.03;
414921.91, 3345054.03; 414921.91, 3345071.59; 414953.51, 3345073.93; 414953.51, 3345052.86; 414953.51, 3344876.19;
(C) GULF SHORES PLANTATION—414204.25, 3344552.35; 414204.25, 3344725.37; 414343.57, 3344754.58; 414341.32,
3344543.36
(D) CABANA BEACH—415938.37, 3344420.63; 416333.53, 3344954.65; 416756.08, 3344395.60; 416750.70, 3344919.13; 415945.72,
3344968.29
(E) ROW—413472.87, 3345602.80; 413767.66, 3345609.58; 413781.21, 3345585.86; 414496.15, 3345582.47; 414760.44,
3345545.20; 414973.90, 3345460.49; 415278.85, 3345487.60; 416224.19, 3345470.66; 415654.96, 3345426.61; 414973.90,
3345402.89; 414533.42, 3345521.48; 413621.96, 3345538.42; 411899.45, 3345292.57; 411899.63, 3345333.23; 411898.97,
3345349.21; 411898.28, 3345357.92; 416599.61, 3345528.80; 416603.89, 3345480.95
(III) NOTE: MAP OF UNIT 3, GULF HIGHLANDS (MAP 4), FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER30JA07.003]
(9) UNIT 4: PINE BEACH, BALDWIN COUNTY, ALABAMA.
(I) GENERAL DESCRIPTION: UNIT 4 CONSISTS OF 30 AC (12 HA) ON 27 INHOLDINGS WITHIN THE PERDUE UNIT OF THE
BON SECOUR NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE AS DEPICTED ON MAP 5 IN PARAGRAPH (9)(III) OF THIS ENTRY AND IN THE
COORDINATES IN PARAGRAPH (9)(II) OF THIS ENTRY.
(II) COORDINATES: FROM THE PINE BEACH USGS 1:24,000 QUADRANGLE MAP, ALABAMA, LAND BOUNDED BY THE
FOLLOWING UTM 16 NAD 83 COORDINATES (E, N), EXCEPT THOSE AREAS COVERED BY INCIDENTAL TAKE PERMITS
SHOWN ON THE MAP IN PARAGRAPH (9)(III) OF THIS ENTRY: 419890.08, 3344529.29; 419946.90, 3344389.62; 420406.15,
3344394.35; 420401.42, 3344342.27; 419587.07, 3344320.96; 419589.44, 3344384.88; 419658.09, 3344384.88; 419655.72,
3344503.25; 419636.78, 3344503.25; 419639.15, 3344534.02; 419783.19, 3344531.65; 419783.55, 3344384.88; 419803.49,
3344384.88; 421930.69, 3344448.80; 421895.18, 3344446.43; 422030.12, 3344465.37; 419842.74, 3344635.81; 419797.76,
3344640.55; 419688.86, 3344841.77; 419740.94, 3344841.77; 419688.86, 3344645.28; 419743.31, 3344642.92; 419740.94,
3344593.20; 419688.86, 3344595.57; 420294.50, 3345060.66; 420306.84, 3345060.44; 420306.62, 3345022.12; 420294.28,
3345022.34; 420148.12, 3344725.77; 420190.73, 3344725.77; 420188.36, 3344633.45; 420150.49, 3344633.45; 420046.32,
3344728.14; 420098.40, 3344728.14; 420098.40, 3344635.81; 420046.32, 3344635.81; 420046.32, 3344567.16; 420058.16,
3344567.16; 420058.16, 3344545.86; 420003.71, 3344545.86; 420003.71, 3344638.18; 419906.65, 3344638.18; 419927.96,
3344638.18; 419927.96, 3344545.86; 419906.65, 3344548.22; 419690.90, 3344778.02; 419740.44, 3344772.85; 419801.19,
3344677.57; 419842.01, 3344675.40; 421902.16, 3344854.73; 421932.71, 3344858.24; 421999.30, 3344843.90; 422029.66,
3344830.25; 421996.44, 3344462.00

(III) NOTE: MAP OF UNIT 4, PINE BEACH (MAP 5), FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER30JA07.004]
(10) UNIT 5: GULF STATE PARK, BALDWIN COUNTY, ALABAMA.
(I) GENERAL DESCRIPTION: UNIT 5 CONSISTS OF 192 AC (78 HA) IN GULF STATE PARK EAST OF THE CITY OF GULF
SHORES IN BALDWIN COUNTY, ALABAMA. THIS UNIT ENCOMPASSES ESSENTIAL FEATURES OF ALABAMA BEACH MOUSE
HABITAT NORTH OF THE MEAN HIGH WATER LINE (MHWL) TO THE SEAWARD EXTENT OF EITHER COASTAL WETLANDS,
MARITIME FOREST, OR ALABAMA BEACH MOUSE HABITAT MANAGED UNDER THE 2004 GULF STATE PARK HABITAT
CONSERVATION PLAN. EXACT BOUNDARIES ARE DEPICTED ON MAP 6 IN PARAGRAPH (10)(III) OF THIS ENTRY AND IN THE
COORDINATES IN PARAGRAPH (10)(II) OF THIS ENTRY.
(II) COORDINATES: FROM THE GULF SHORES USGS 1:24,000 QUADRANGLE MAP, ALABAMA, LAND BOUNDED BY THE
FOLLOWING UTM 16 NAD 83 COORDINATES (E, N), EXCEPT THOSE AREAS IDENTIFIED AS DEVELOPABLE IN THE CURRENT
INCIDENTAL TAKE PERMIT FOR THE ALABAMA DEPARTMENT OF CONSERVATION AND NATURAL RESOURCES: 438247.09,
3347462.61; 438384.26, 3347485.47; 438504.29, 3347456.89; 438738.63, 3347479.75; 438738.63, 3347411.17; 438681.48,
3347405.45; 438675.76, 3347193.97; 437681.24, 3346988.21; 436938.21, 3346702.43; 436349.50, 3346599.55; 435377.85,
3346548.11; 435160.66, 3346490.95; 435166.37, 3346736.72; 435606.47, 3346856.75; 436572.41, 3346828.17; 36572.41,
3346913.91; 436881.06, 3347033.94; 436909.64, 3347068.23; 437612.66, 3347325.43; 437818.42, 3347319.72; 437829.85,
3347251.13; 438035.61, 3347308.29; 438041.33, 3347394.02; 435699.17, 3346883.42; 435754.39, 3346634.94; 435940.75,
3346652.19; 436154.72, 3346638.39; 436368.69, 3346683.25; 436368.69, 3346790.24
(III) NOTE: MAP OF UNIT 5, GULF STATE PARK (MAP 6), FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER30JA07.005]
CHOCTAWHATCEE BEACH MOUSE ( PEROMYSCUS POLIONOTUS ALLOPHRYS )
(1) CRITICAL HABITAT UNITS ARE DEPICTED FOR OKALOOSA, WALTON, AND BAY COUNTIES, FLORIDA, ON THE MAPS
BELOW.
(2) THE PRIMARY CONSTITUENT ELEMENTS OF CRITICAL HABITAT FOR THE CHOCTAWHATCHEE BEACH MOUSE ARE THE
HABITAT COMPONENTS THAT PROVIDE:
(I) A CONTIGUOUS MOSAIC OF PRIMARY, SECONDARY, AND SCRUB VEGETATION AND DUNE STRUCTURE, WITH A
BALANCED LEVEL OF COMPETITION AND PREDATION AND FEW OR NO COMPETITIVE OR PREDACEOUS NONNATIVE
SPECIES PRESENT, THAT COLLECTIVELY PROVIDE FORAGING OPPORTUNITIES, COVER, AND BURROW SITES;
(II) PRIMARY AND SECONDARY DUNES, GENERALLY DOMINATED BY SEA OATS ( UNIOLA PANICULATA ), THAT DESPITE
OCCASIONAL TEMPORARY IMPACTS AND RECONFIGURATION FROM TROPICAL STORMS AND HURRICANES, PROVIDE
ABUNDANT FOOD RESOURCES, BURROW SITES, AND PROTECTION FROM PREDATORS;
(III) SCRUB DUNES, GENERALLY DOMINATED BY SCRUB OAKS ( QUERCUS SPP.), THAT PROVIDE FOOD RESOURCES AND
BURROW SITES, AND PROVIDE ELEVATED REFUGIA DURING AND AFTER INTENSE FLOODING DUE TO RAINFALL AND/OR
HURRICANE-INDUCED STORM SURGE;
(IV) FUNCTIONAL, UNOBSTRUCTED HABITAT CONNECTIONS THAT FACILITATE GENETIC EXCHANGE, DISPERSAL, NATURAL
EXPLORATORY MOVEMENTS, AND RE-COLONIZATION OF LOCALLY EXTIRPATED AREAS; AND
(V) A NATURAL LIGHT REGIME WITHIN THE COASTAL DUNE ECOSYSTEM, COMPATIBLE WITH THE NOCTURNAL ACTIVITY
OF BEACH MICE, NECESSARY FOR NORMAL BEHAVIOR, GROWTH, AND VIABILITY OF ALL LIFE STAGES.
(3) CRITICAL HABITAT DOES NOT INCLUDE MAN-MADE STRUCTURES EXISTING ON THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF THIS RULE
AND NOT CONTAINING ONE OR MORE OF THE PRIMARY CONSTITUENT ELEMENTS, SUCH AS BUILDINGS, AQUEDUCTS,
AIRPORTS, DRIVEWAYS, AND ROADS, AND THE LAND ON WHICH SUCH STRUCTURES ARE LOCATED.
(4) CRITICAL HABITAT MAP UNITS. DATA LAYERS DEFINING MAP UNITS WERE CREATED BY DELINEATING HABITATS THAT
CONTAINED ONE OR MORE OF THE PRIMARY CONSTITUENT ELEMENTS DEFINED IN PARAGRAPH (2) OF THIS ENTRY
OVER 1999 AND 2004 DIGITAL ORTHO PHOTOGRAPHY AT A SCALE OF AT LEAST 1:4000.
(5) NOTE: MAP 1, INDEX MAP OF CRITICAL HABITAT UNITS FOR THE CHOCTAWHATCHEE BEACH MOUSE, FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER12OC06.000]
(6) CBM—UNIT 1: HENDERSON BEACH UNIT, OKALOOSA COUNTY, FLORIDA.
(I) GENERAL DESCRIPTION: THIS UNIT ENCOMPASSES ESSENTIAL FEATURES OF BEACH MOUSE HABITAT WITHIN THE
BOUNDARY OF HENDERSON BEACH STATE PARK FROM 0.5 MI (0.8 KM) EAST OF THE INTERSECTION OF HIGHWAY 98 AND
SCENIC HIGHWAY 98 TO 0.25 MI (0.4 KM) WEST OF MATTHEW BOULEVARD AND THE AREA FROM THE MEAN HIGH WATER
LEVEL (MHWL) NORTH TO THE SEAWARD EXTENT OF THE MARITIME FOREST.
(II) MAP OF UNIT CBM—UNIT 1 IS PROVIDED AT PARAGRAPH (7)(II) OF THIS ENTRY.
(7) CBM—UNIT 2: TOPSAIL HILL UNIT, WALTON COUNTY, FLORIDA.
(I) GENERAL DESCRIPTION: THIS UNIT ENCOMPASSES ESSENTIAL FEATURES OF BEACH MOUSE HABITAT WITHIN THE
BOUNDARY OF TOPSAIL HILL PRESERVE STATE PARK, AS WELL AS ADJACENT PRIVATE LANDS FROM 0.1 MI (0.2 KM) EAST
OF GULF PINES 0.6 MI (1 KM) WEST OF THE INLET OF OYSTER LAKE AND THE AREA FROM THE MHWL NORTH TO THE
SEAWARD EXTENT OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT OR MARITIME FOREST.
(II) MAP 2, UNITS 1 AND 2 OF CHOCTOWHATCHEE BEACH MOUSE, FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER12OC06.001]

(8) CBM—UNIT 3: GRAYTON BEACH UNIT, WALTON COUNTY, FLORIDA.
(I) GENERAL DESCRIPTION: THIS UNIT ENCOMPASSES ESSENTIAL FEATURES OF BEACH MOUSE HABITAT WITHIN THE
BOUNDARY OF GRAYTON BEACH STATE PARK, AS WELL AS ADJACENT PRIVATE LANDS AND INHOLDINGS, FROM 0.3 MI
WEST OF THE INLET OF ALLIGATOR LAKE EAST TO 0.8 MI WEST OF SEAGROVE BEACH AND THE AREA FROM THE MHWL
NORTH TO THE SEAWARD EXTENT OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT OR MARITIME FOREST.
(II) MAP OF UNIT CBM—UNIT 3 IS PROVIDED AT PARAGRAPH (9)(II) OF THIS ENTRY.
(9) CBM—UNIT 4: DEER LAKE UNIT, WALTON COUNTY, FLORIDA.
(I) GENERAL DESCRIPTION: THIS UNIT ENCOMPASSES ESSENTIAL FEATURES OF BEACH MOUSE HABITAT WITHIN THE
BOUNDARY OF DEER LAKE STATE PARK AS WELL AS ADJACENT PRIVATE LANDS FROM APPROXIMATELY 1 MI EAST OF
THE CAMP CREEK LAKE INLET WEST TO APPROXIMATELY 0.5 MI WEST OF THE INLET OF DEER LAKE AND THE AREA FROM
THE MHWL NORTH TO THE SEAWARD EXTENT OF MARITIME FOREST OR HUMAN DEVELOPMENT. THE AREA EXCLUDED
WITHIN THIS UNIT IS 0.5 MI WEST OF THE CAMP CREEK LAKE INLET, TO 0.5 MI EAST OF THE CAMP CREEK LAKE INLET.
(II) MAP 3, UNITS 3 AND 4 OF CHOCTOWHATCHEE BEACH MOUSE, FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER12OC06.002]
(10) CBM—UNIT 5: WEST CROOKED ISLAND/SHELL ISLAND UNIT, BAY COUNTY, FLORIDA.
(I) GENERAL DESCRIPTION: THIS UNIT ENCOMPASSES ESSENTIAL FEATURES OF BEACH MOUSE HABITAT WITHIN THE
BOUNDARIES OF ST. ANDREW STATE PARK MAINLAND FROM 0.1 MI (0.2 KM) EAST OF TRAILER PARK ROAD EAST TO THE
ENTRANCE CHANNEL OF ST. ANDREW SOUND, SHELL ISLAND EAST OF THE ENTRANCE OF ST. ANDREW SOUND EAST TO
EAST PASS, AND WEST CROOKED ISLAND SOUTHWEST OF EAST BAY AND EAST OF THE ENTRANCE CHANNEL OF ST.
ANDREW SOUND, AND AREAS FROM THE MHWL NORTH TO THE SEAWARD EXTENT OF THE MARITIME FOREST. SHELL
ISLAND CONSISTS OF STATE LANDS, TYNDALL AIR FORCE BASE LANDS, AS WELL AS SMALL PRIVATE INHOLDINGS.
(II) MAP 4, UNIT 5 OF CHOCTOWHATCHEE BEACH MOUSE, FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER12OC06.003]
NEW MEXICO MEADOW JUMPING MOUSE ( ZAPUS HUDSONIUS LUTEUS )
(1) CRITICAL HABITAT UNITS ARE DEPICTED FOR COLFAX, MORA, OTERO, SANDOVAL, AND SOCORRO COUNTIES IN NEW
MEXICO; LAS ANIMAS, ARCHULETA, AND LA PLATA COUNTIES IN COLORADO; AND GREENLEE AND APACHE COUNTIES IN
ARIZONA ON THE MAPS BELOW.
(2) WITHIN THESE AREAS, THE PRIMARY CONSTITUENT ELEMENTS OF THE PHYSICAL OR BIOLOGICAL FEATURES
ESSENTIAL TO THE CONSERVATION OF THE NEW MEXICO MEADOW JUMPING MOUSE CONSIST OF THE FOLLOWING:
(I) RIPARIAN COMMUNITIES ALONG RIVERS AND STREAMS, SPRINGS AND WETLANDS, OR CANALS AND DITCHES THAT
CONTAIN:
(A) PERSISTENT EMERGENT HERBACEOUS WETLANDS ESPECIALLY CHARACTERIZED BY PRESENCE OF PRIMARILY
FORBS AND SEDGES ( CAREX SPP. OR SCHOENOPLECTUS PUNGENS ); OR
(B) SCRUB-SHRUB RIPARIAN AREAS THAT ARE DOMINATED BY WILLOWS ( SALIX SPP.) OR ALDERS ( ALNUS SPP.) WITH AN
UNDERSTORY OF PRIMARILY FORBS AND SEDGES; AND
(II) FLOWING WATER THAT PROVIDES SATURATED SOILS THROUGHOUT THE NEW MEXICO MEADOW JUMPING MOUSE'S
ACTIVE SEASON THAT SUPPORTS TALL (AVERAGE STUBBLE HEIGHT OF HERBACEOUS VEGETATION OF AT LEAST 61
CENTIMETERS (24 INCHES)) AND DENSE HERBACEOUS RIPARIAN VEGETATION COMPOSED PRIMARILY OF SEDGES
( CAREX SPP. OR SCHOENOPLECTUS PUNGENS ) AND FORBS, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, ONE OR MORE OF THE
FOLLOWING ASSOCIATED SPECIES: SPIKERUSH ( ELEOCHARIS MACROSTACHYA ), BEAKED SEDGE ( CAREX ROSTRATA ),
RUSHES ( JUNCUS SPP. AND SCIRPUS SPP.), AND NUMEROUS SPECIES OF GRASSES SUCH AS BLUEGRASS ( POA SPP.),
SLENDER WHEATGRASS ( ELYMUS TRACHYCAULUS ), BROME ( BROMUS SPP.), FOXTAIL BARLEY ( HORDEUM JUBATUM ),
OR JAPANESE BROME ( BROMUS JAPONICAS ), AND FORBS SUCH AS WATER HEMLOCK ( CIRCUTA DOUGLASII ), FIELD
MINT ( MENTHA ARVENSE ), ASTERS ( ASTER SPP.), OR CUTLEAF CONEFLOWER ( RUDBECKIA LACINIATA ); AND
(III) SUFFICIENT AREAS OF 9 TO 24 KILOMETERS (5.6 TO 15 MILES) ALONG A STREAM, DITCH, OR CANAL THAT CONTAIN
SUITABLE OR RESTORABLE HABITAT TO SUPPORT MOVEMENTS OF INDIVIDUAL NEW MEXICO MEADOW JUMPING MICE;
AND
(IV) ADJACENT FLOODPLAIN AND UPLAND AREAS EXTENDING APPROXIMATELY 100 METERS (330 FEET) OUTWARD FROM
THE BOUNDARY BETWEEN THE ACTIVE WATER CHANNEL AND THE FLOODPLAIN (AS DEFINED BY THE BANKFULL STAGE
OF STREAMS) OR FROM THE TOP EDGE OF THE DITCH OR CANAL.
(3) CRITICAL HABITAT DOES NOT INCLUDE MANMADE STRUCTURES (SUCH AS BUILDINGS, FIRE LOOKOUT STATIONS,
RUNWAYS, ROADS, AND OTHER PAVED AREAS) AND THE LAND ON WHICH THEY ARE LOCATED EXISTING WITHIN THE
LEGAL BOUNDARIES ON APRIL 15, 2016.
(4) CRITICAL HABITAT MAP UNITS. DATA LAYERS DEFINING MAP UNITS WERE CREATED USING THE USA CONTIGUOUS
ALBERS EQUAL AREA CONIC USGS VERSION PROJECTION. THE MAPS IN THIS ENTRY, AS MODIFIED BY ANY
ACCOMPANYING REGULATORY TEXT, ESTABLISH THE BOUNDARIES OF THE CRITICAL HABITAT DESIGNATION. THE
COORDINATES OR PLOT POINTS OR BOTH ON WHICH EACH MAP IS BASED ARE AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC AT THE
SERVICE'S INTERNET SITE HTTP://WWW.FWS.GOV/SOUTHWEST/ES/NEWMEXICO/, AT HTTP://WWW.REGULATIONS.GOV AT
DOCKET NO. FWS-R2-ES-2013-0014, AND AT THE NEW MEXICO ECOLOGICAL SERVICES FIELD OFFICE. YOU MAY OBTAIN
FIELD OFFICE LOCATION INFORMATION BY CONTACTING ONE OF THE SERVICE REGIONAL OFFICES, THE ADDRESSES OF
WHICH ARE LISTED AT 50 CFR 2.2.

(5) NOTE: GENERAL LOCATIONS OF CRITICAL HABITAT FOR THE NEW MEXICO MEADOW JUMPING MOUSE—OVERVIEW,
FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER16MR16.002]
(6) UNIT 1—SUGARITE CANYON. MAP FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER16MR16.003]
(7) UNIT 2—COYOTE CREEK. MAP FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER16MR16.004]
(8) UNIT 3—JEMEZ MOUNTAINS. MAP FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER16MR16.005]
(9) UNIT 4—SACRAMENTO MOUNTAINS. MAP FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER16MR16.006]
(10) UNIT 5—WHITE MOUNTAINS. MAP FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER16MR16.007]
(11) UNIT 6—BOSQUE DEL APACHE NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE (NWR). MAP FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER16MR16.008]
(12) UNIT 7—FLORIDA RIVER. MAP FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER16MR16.009]
(13) UNIT 8—SAMBRITO CREEK. MAP FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER16MR16.010]
PERDIDO KEY BEACH MOUSE ( PEROMYSCUS POLIONOTUS TRISSYLLEPSIS )
(1) CRITICAL HABITAT UNITS ARE DEPICTED FOR ESCAMBIA COUNTY, FLORIDA, AND BALDWIN COUNTY, ALABAMA, ON THE
MAPS BELOW. THE MAPS PROVIDED ARE FOR INFORMATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY.
(2) THE PRIMARY CONSTITUENT ELEMENTS OF CRITICAL HABITAT FOR THE PERDIDO KEY BEACH MOUSE ARE THE
HABITAT COMPONENTS THAT PROVIDE:
(I) A CONTIGUOUS MOSAIC OF PRIMARY, SECONDARY, AND SCRUB VEGETATION AND DUNE STRUCTURE, WITH A
BALANCED LEVEL OF COMPETITION AND PREDATION AND FEW OR NO COMPETITIVE OR PREDACEOUS NONNATIVE
SPECIES PRESENT, THAT COLLECTIVELY PROVIDE FORAGING OPPORTUNITIES, COVER, AND BURROW SITES;
(II) PRIMARY AND SECONDARY DUNES, GENERALLY DOMINATED BY SEA OATS ( UNIOLA PANICULATA ), THAT DESPITE
OCCASIONAL TEMPORARY IMPACTS AND RECONFIGURATION FROM TROPICAL STORMS AND HURRICANES, PROVIDE
ABUNDANT FOOD RESOURCES, BURROW SITES, AND PROTECTION FROM PREDATORS;
(III) SCRUB DUNES, GENERALLY DOMINATED BY SCRUB OAKS ( QUERCUS SPP.), THAT PROVIDE FOOD RESOURCES AND
BURROW SITES, AND PROVIDE ELEVATED REFUGIA DURING AND AFTER INTENSE FLOODING DUE TO RAINFALL AND/OR
HURRICANE-INDUCED STORM SURGE;
(IV) FUNCTIONAL, UNOBSTRUCTED HABITAT CONNECTIONS THAT FACILITATE GENETIC EXCHANGE, DISPERSAL, NATURAL
EXPLORATORY MOVEMENTS, AND RE-COLONIZATION OF LOCALLY EXTIRPATED AREAS; AND
(V) A NATURAL LIGHT REGIME WITHIN THE COASTAL DUNE ECOSYSTEM, COMPATIBLE WITH THE NOCTURNAL ACTIVITY
OF BEACH MICE, NECESSARY FOR NORMAL BEHAVIOR, GROWTH, AND VIABILITY OF ALL LIFE STAGES.
(3) CRITICAL HABITAT DOES NOT INCLUDE MAN-MADE STRUCTURES EXISTING ON THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF THIS RULE
AND NOT CONTAINING ONE OR MORE OF THE PRIMARY CONSTITUENT ELEMENTS, SUCH AS BUILDINGS, AQUEDUCTS,
AIRPORTS, DRIVEWAYS, AND ROADS, AND THE LAND ON WHICH SUCH STRUCTURES ARE LOCATED.
(4) CRITICAL HABITAT MAP UNITS. DATA LAYERS DEFINING MAP UNITS WERE CREATED BY DELINEATING HABITATS THAT
CONTAINED ONE OR MORE OF THE PRIMARY CONSTITUENT ELEMENTS DEFINED IN PARAGRAPH (2) OF THIS ENTRY
OVER 1999 AND 2004 DIGITAL ORTHO PHOTOGRAPHY AT A SCALE OF AT LEAST 1:4000.
(5) NOTE: MAP 1 INDEX OF CRITICAL HABITAT UNITS FOR THE PERDIDO KEY BEACH MOUSE, FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER12OC06.004]
(6) PKBM—UNIT 1: GULF STATE PARK UNIT, BALDWIN COUNTY, ALABAMA.
(I) GENERAL DESCRIPTION: THIS UNIT ENCOMPASSES ESSENTIAL FEATURES OF BEACH MOUSE HABITAT WITHIN THE
BOUNDARY OF GULF STATE PARK FROM THE WEST TIP OF PERDIDO KEY AT PERDIDO PASS EAST TO APPROXIMATELY 1
MILE (MI) (1.6 KILOMETERS (KM)) WEST OF WHERE THE ALABAMA-FLORIDA STATE LINE BISECTS PERDIDO KEY AND THE
AREA FROM THE MEAN HIGH WATER LINE (MHWL) NORTH TO THE SEAWARD EXTENT OF THE MARITIME FOREST.
(II) COORDINATES: FROM USGS 1:24,000 QUADRANGLE MAP ORANGE BEACH, ALABAMA, LAND BOUNDED BY THE
FOLLOWING UTM 16 NAD 83 COORDINATES (E, N): 447646.90, 3349472.01; 447492.27, 3349555.80; 447493.46, 3349550.54;

447492.60, 3349542.06; 447487.33, 3349540.88; 447466.10, 3349542.49; 447426.82, 3349545.78; 447375.87, 3349549.84;
447340.75, 3349556.40; 447277.86, 3349571.81; 447233.09, 3349583.43; 447195.90, 3349587.83; 447123.74, 3349592.44;
447082.29, 3349597.80; 447078.83, 3349609.34; 447082.64, 3349627.40; 447085.56, 3349638.04; 447109.06, 3349630.15;
447163.55, 3349611.36; 447228.62, 3349592.84; 447286.11, 3349581.52; 447357.41, 3349568.43; 447388.22, 3349564.94;
447403.20, 3349558.95; 447426.52, 3349558.45; 447454.05, 3349559.11; 447492.27, 3349555.80; 447753.29, 3349711.25;
447760.77, 3349736.04; 447763.66, 3349748.00; 447753.63, 3349752.12; 447755.48, 3349774.36; 447753.59, 3349787.00;
447754.47, 3349799.71; 447754.38, 3349820.32; 447753.74, 3349830.21; 447759.54, 3349836.69; 447811.82, 3349827.24;
447838.09, 3349825.09; 447856.72, 3349827.12; 447881.09, 3349821.36; 447907.36, 3349819.61; 447927.64, 3349818.91;
447956.65, 3349818.81; 447976.22, 3349830.77; 447992.63, 3349834.16; 448018.40, 3349831.12; 448037.09, 3349811.22;
448055.79, 3349802.71; 448074.40, 3349792.17; 448096.41, 3349792.70; 448114.76, 3349793.13; 448137.03, 3349782.68;
448148.04, 3349782.94; 448177.22, 3349790.96; 448191.45, 3349809.62; 448209.62, 3349817.37; 448223.94, 3349832.37;
448249.45, 3349840.30; 448279.80, 3349846.35; 448291.40, 3349859.70; 448311.29, 3349863.75; 448329.64, 3349864.19;
448368.33, 3349865.90; 448395.77, 3349862.11; 448408.04, 3349866.45; 448418.04, 3349851.65; 448427.89, 3349850.68;
448440.83, 3349857.72; 448448.65, 3349863.06; 448458.22, 3349861.71; 448474.31, 3349870.02; 448470.39, 3349848.77;
448469.37, 3349841.61; 448469.94, 3349834.09; 448470.06, 3349746.49; 448388.10, 3349722.76; 448274.81, 3349701.74;
448066.73, 3349652.82; 447964.62, 3349624.75; 447754.92, 3349599.15; 447753.29, 3349711.25; 446828.18, 3349177.08;
446788.74, 3349181.69; 446769.28, 3349208.86; 446767.28, 3349247.92; 446775.25, 3349280.06; 446782.18, 3349322.24;
446795.01, 3349350.69; 446801.51, 3349377.80; 446802.73, 3349409.54; 446811.99, 3349454.15; 446837.56, 3349514.61;
446896.76, 3349564.39; 446887.98, 3349582.41; 446896.11, 3349607.97; 446929.73, 3349630.57; 446953.02, 3349637.08;
446969.73, 3349626.62; 446984.14, 3349637.95; 446975.34, 3349650.69; 447000.06, 3349663.57; 447022.45, 3349657.76;
446993.88, 3349639.64; 446978.89, 3349585.37; 447068.47, 3349561.35; 447073.43, 3349586.44; 447084.44, 3349589.07;
447091.86, 3349585.59; 447128.34, 3349583.00; 447157.81, 3349580.13; 447188.50, 3349576.11; 447214.39, 3349573.56;
447263.87, 3349564.83; 447299.49, 3349553.79; 447327.56, 3349543.36; 447355.96, 3349535.32; 447401.54, 3349530.72;
447419.98, 3349527.50; 447464.09, 3349524.89; 447482.44, 3349525.33; 447508.12, 3349525.95; 447511.26, 3349547.99;
447515.63, 3349553.80; 447584.64, 3349549.75; 447669.02, 3349551.76; 447727.64, 3349556.83; 447771.68, 3349563.09;
447773.34, 3349543.71; 447819.71, 3349544.38; 447859.81, 3349556.32; 447908.03, 3349560.00; 447904.75, 3349580.93;
448004.65, 3349606.71; 448136.88, 3349636.19; 448391.19, 3349691.65; 448518.76, 3349723.23; 448524.37, 3349644.98;
448526.52, 3349626.07; 448221.97, 3349557.49; 447946.22, 3349481.14; 447525.39, 3349356.93; 447160.19, 3349255.19;
446914.86, 3349191.20; 446828.18, 3349177.08.
(7) PKBM—UNIT 2: WEST PERDIDO KEY UNIT, ESCAMBIA COUNTY, FLORIDA AND BALDWIN COUNTY, ALABAMA.
(I) GENERAL DESCRIPTION: THIS UNIT ENCOMPASSES ESSENTIAL FEATURES OF BEACH MOUSE HABITAT FROM
APPROXIMATELY 1 MI (1.6 KM) WEST OF WHERE THE ALABAMA-FLORIDA STATE LINE BISECTS PERDIDO KEY EAST TO 2 MI
(3.2 KM) EAST OF THE STATE LINE AND AREAS FROM THE MHWL NORTH TO THE SEAWARD EXTENT OF HUMAN
DEVELOPMENT OR MARITIME FOREST.
(II) COORDINATES: FROM USGS 1:24,000 QUADRANGLE MAPS ORANGE BEACH, ALABAMA, AND PERDIDO BAY, FLORIDA,
LAND BOUNDED BY THE FOLLOWING UTM 16 NAD 83 COORDINATES (E, N): 449337.40, 3349820.75; 450150.23, 3349948.99;
450150.07, 3349948.96; 450110.12, 3349941.87; 450036.74, 3349928.41; 449865.78, 3349900.01; 449835.15, 3349896.11;
449690.43, 3349877.85; 449581.98, 3349849.89; 449474.18, 3349830.25; 449291.67, 3349805.96; 449065.07, 3349756.15;
448929.16, 3349724.36; 448875.44, 3349711.41; 448743.75, 3349669.31; 448625.71, 3349643.24; 448526.52, 3349626.07;
448524.37, 3349644.98; 448582.14, 3349648.54; 448616.00, 3349650.40; 448613.50, 3349666.20; 448653.71, 3349668.22;
448707.46, 3349680.07; 448743.29, 3349688.33; 448749.74, 3349684.25; 448769.63, 3349694.24; 448784.54, 3349701.88;
448869.86, 3349722.95; 448909.84, 3349734.47; 448934.12, 3349738.22; 449040.54, 3349762.96; 449044.67, 3349767.29;
449126.91, 3349784.05; 449134.20, 3349789.51; 449165.89, 3349793.44; 449202.65, 3349802.14; 449234.33, 3349810.93;
449243.92, 3349809.05; 449309.24, 3349824.35; 449309.24, 3349824.35; 449309.03, 3349832.80; 449303.36, 3349848.52;
449299.95, 3349857.95; 449300.81, 3349866.43; 449296.47, 3349870.55; 449289.06, 3349870.38; 449288.58, 3349890.45;
449323.34, 3349898.68; 449326.60, 3349895.58; 449326.77, 3349888.19; 449328.04, 3349879.76; 449327.05, 3349876.57;
449322.97, 3349870.13; 449323.12, 3349863.79; 449324.31, 3349858.53; 449326.55, 3349853.30; 449327.79, 3349845.93;
449327.99, 3349837.48; 449328.02, 3349827.71; 449349.32, 3349831.65; 449351.57, 3349826.42; 449405.37, 3349835.22;
449424.38, 3349838.73; 449471.57, 3349851.46; 449471.73, 3349857.40; 449598.16, 3349884.71; 449597.83, 3349942.84;
449467.18, 3349912.24; 449415.42, 3349902.99; 449412.39, 3349896.58; 449407.02, 3349899.62; 449400.21, 3349918.48;
449467.76, 3349932.33; 449630.01, 3349967.31; 449632.67, 3349947.90; 449633.28, 3349922.55; 449635.69, 3349907.20;
449651.69, 3349906.08; 449655.72, 3349914.63; 449657.84, 3349914.68; 449659.22, 3349900.97; 449671.93, 3349901.28;
449704.63, 3349909.34; 449701.77, 3349935.20; 449697.15, 3349950.95; 449693.77, 3349959.32; 449695.36, 3349981.56;
449749.08, 3349994.47; 449749.23, 3349988.13; 449750.02, 3349955.38; 449752.10, 3349914.61; 449752.10, 3349914.61;
449784.74, 3349920.41; 449810.13, 3349923.00; 449829.12, 3349929.34; 449908.19, 3349946.03; 449906.59, 3349965.47;
449916.14, 3349964.64; 449939.36, 3349968.36; 449973.07, 3349976.57; 449987.92, 3349975.87; 449997.55, 3349971.87;
450020.80, 3349974.54; 450046.16, 3349979.98; 450059.87, 3349979.70; 450073.54, 3349984.26; 450083.98, 3349993.57;
450150.23, 3350009.73; 450150.42, 3350009.76; 450150.23, 3349948.99; 449645.50, 3350072.32; 449649.58, 3350078.76;
449664.33, 3350082.29; 449686.52, 3350084.93; 449692.67, 3350093.53; 449689.18, 3350106.13; 449699.78, 3350109.11;
449698.49, 3350118.59; 449711.15, 3350121.01; 449718.69, 3350115.91; 449720.88, 3350112.79; 449727.18, 3350115.05;
449729.43, 3350109.82; 449734.72, 3350109.95; 449734.85, 3350104.67; 449741.20, 3350104.82; 449747.35, 3350110.70;
449746.11, 3350118.07; 449753.17, 3350133.03; 449766.51, 3350154.04; 449770.74, 3350154.14; 449780.27, 3350154.37;
449784.41, 3350158.70; 449796.06, 3350158.98; 449800.19, 3350163.30; 449820.20, 3350165.29; 449836.95, 3350176.87;
449846.83, 3350162.31; 449864.86, 3350161.68; 449863.00, 3350151.07; 449862.95, 3350106.06; 449864.06, 3350059.58;
449858.12, 3350045.25; 449809.57, 3350037.75; 449792.67, 3350035.23; 449777.98, 3350029.59; 449740.99, 3350025.54;
449731.61, 3350018.97; 449682.10, 3350007.22; 449656.73, 3350001.77; 449645.50, 3350072.32; 449183.65, 3349894.89;
449180.35, 3349900.10; 449183.30, 3349909.68; 449185.19, 3349919.24; 449179.33, 3349942.35; 449179.68, 3349971.96;
449179.67, 3350016.35; 449190.00, 3350024.44; 449202.63, 3350027.92; 449213.17, 3350030.28; 449223.76, 3350030.53;
449233.19, 3350034.99; 449238.23, 3350045.68; 449241.18, 3350057.99; 449257.92, 3350066.84; 449259.39, 3350049.96;
449254.17, 3350046.67; 449254.54, 3350028.10; 449267.25, 3350028.40; 449268.11, 3350039.60; 449263.72, 3350045.84;
449259.99, 3350069.00; 449277.86, 3350074.72; 449287.31, 3350075.39; 449288.07, 3350043.70; 449290.42, 3350034.24;
449299.15, 3350026.60; 449319.22, 3350029.20; 449321.96, 3350044.51; 449322.67, 3350062.05; 449322.39, 3350073.67;
449345.66, 3350075.28; 449348.49, 3350001.36; 449370.76, 3350000.83; 449371.24, 3349980.76; 449347.99, 3349978.09;
449347.49, 3349954.83; 449369.78, 3349953.25; 449376.54, 3349936.50; 449337.51, 3349929.22; 449285.77, 3349918.92;
449284.24, 3350026.69; 449282.88, 3350039.35; 449277.26, 3350052.95; 449273.32, 3350040.17; 449280.01, 3350026.59;
449280.53, 3349916.68; 449270.02, 3349913.26; 449264.66, 3350004.03; 449267.50, 3350017.84; 449259.94, 3350024.00;
449254.80, 3350017.54; 449259.36, 3350003.90; 449263.66, 3349913.10; 449247.89, 3349911.22; 449183.65, 3349894.89;
448986.63, 3349848.96; 448984.08, 3349866.87; 449010.37, 3349874.89; 449009.13, 3349882.33; 449009.48, 3349911.87;
449010.16, 3349938.64; 449016.10, 3349942.07; 449029.89, 3349941.34; 449042.45, 3349947.98; 449046.24, 3349955.61;

449053.79, 3349960.94; 449059.04, 3349963.18; 449067.58, 3349960.21; 449076.03, 3349961.47; 449077.94, 3349969.97;
449069.29, 3349977.16; 449064.14, 3349984.23; 449069.97, 3349993.03; 449086.10, 3350002.68; 449090.98, 3350014.29;
449118.25, 3350020.49; 449121.70, 3349992.83; 449110.55, 3349982.99; 449119.27, 3349972.63; 449113.69, 3349962.12;
449144.10, 3349936.68; 449142.83, 3349923.57; 449123.43, 3349920.73; 449110.13, 3349912.16; 449097.12, 3349924.53;
449083.32, 3349919.77; 449081.13, 3349911.79; 449094.43, 3349903.79; 449091.08, 3349894.59; 449091.44, 3349879.54;
449082.50, 3349871.33; 448986.63, 3349848.96; 449534.56, 3349974.10; 449526.69, 3349990.21; 449526.10, 3350014.51;
449526.92, 3350027.82; 449526.03, 3350064.79; 449532.28, 3350069.17; 449536.21, 3350081.95; 449540.37, 3350085.22;
449542.44, 3350087.38; 449541.22, 3350093.70; 449560.26, 3350095.21; 449570.72, 3350100.74; 449573.97, 3350097.65;
449581.27, 3350058.71; 449605.57, 3350061.41; 449606.37, 3350069.27; 449620.16, 3350068.55; 449629.69, 3350068.78;
449639.30, 3350065.83; 449648.06, 3350010.02; 449650.38, 3350001.62; 449644.16, 3349998.91; 449534.56, 3349974.10;
449635.33, 3349966.38; 449660.57, 3349974.38; 449661.78, 3349968.07; 449662.01, 3349958.56; 449658.02, 3349947.90;
449656.26, 3349933.06; 449654.53, 3349917.16; 449647.99, 3349924.40; 449646.35, 3349948.68; 449638.84, 3349952.72;
449635.33, 3349966.38; 449152.59, 3349861.83; 449172.61, 3349866.53; 449175.94, 3349860.27; 449177.25, 3349849.73;
449179.67, 3349837.11; 449177.68, 3349831.78; 449172.41, 3349830.59; 449166.16, 3349826.22; 449167.32, 3349822.01;
449163.16, 3349818.74; 449158.75, 3349826.04; 449156.37, 3349836.55; 449152.87, 3349850.21; 449151.63, 3349857.58;
449152.59, 3349861.83; 449086.18, 3349847.56; 449106.25, 3349850.15; 449110.69, 3349841.80; 449110.92, 3349832.29;
449108.17, 3349814.26; 449107.32, 3349805.78; 449103.21, 3349800.40; 449098.97, 3349800.30; 449097.74, 3349807.67;
449093.37, 3349812.85; 449089.01, 3349818.03; 449086.18, 3349847.56; 448967.14, 3349819.34; 448986.09, 3349824.03;
448991.44, 3349822.04; 448991.67, 3349812.53; 448992.93, 3349804.11; 448994.24, 3349793.57; 448994.50, 3349783.00;
448988.25, 3349778.63; 448983.71, 3349791.20; 448981.41, 3349798.55; 448972.66, 3349809.96; 448967.14, 3349819.34;
449331.74, 3349902.05; 449345.48, 3349903.43; 449351.21, 3349885.60; 449348.28, 3349874.96; 449350.63, 3349865.50;
449353.86, 3349863.47; 449355.04, 3349858.21; 449346.57, 3349858.01; 449343.11, 3349869.55; 449341.95, 3349873.75;
449334.54, 3349873.58; 449331.74, 3349902.05; 448994.54, 3349825.28; 449008.23, 3349828.78; 449012.67, 3349820.43;
449016.15, 3349807.83; 449018.52, 3349797.32; 449015.60, 3349786.68; 449008.21, 3349785.45; 449003.80, 3349792.74;
448998.33, 3349800.01; 448995.85, 3349814.75; 448994.54, 3349825.28; 449019.80, 3349832.23; 449034.60, 3349833.64;
449036.95, 3349824.18; 449039.24, 3349816.84; 449035.13, 3349811.46; 449032.11, 3349805.04; 449032.24, 3349799.76;
449037.81, 3349788.27; 449031.48, 3349787.06; 449023.79, 3349798.50; 449018.22, 3349810.00; 449017.96, 3349820.56;
449019.80, 3349832.23; 449133.68, 3349855.03; 449137.84, 3349858.31; 449145.35, 3349854.26; 449148.66, 3349849.05;
449152.06, 3349839.62; 449154.38, 3349831.22; 449153.50, 3349823.80; 449150.50, 3349816.33; 449146.40, 3349810.94;
449139.99, 3349812.91; 449141.83, 3349824.58; 449141.68, 3349830.91; 449139.48, 3349834.03; 449137.21, 3349840.32;
449134.89, 3349848.72; 449133.68, 3349855.03; 449369.71, 3349909.30; 449383.37, 3349913.85; 449387.96, 3349899.16;
449388.27, 3349886.49; 449389.53, 3349878.06; 449383.33, 3349871.57; 449383.51, 3349864.18; 449379.27, 3349864.08;
449378.01, 3349872.50; 449382.09, 3349878.94; 449377.73, 3349884.12; 449372.26, 3349891.39; 449369.71, 3349909.30;
449115.70, 3349853.55; 449123.12, 3349853.73; 449128.59, 3349846.46; 449135.12, 3349839.21; 449135.27, 3349832.88;
449135.40, 3349827.59; 449129.12, 3349824.27; 449124.89, 3349824.17; 449120.73, 3349820.90; 449124.06, 3349814.64;
449124.18, 3349809.36; 449117.83, 3349809.21; 449115.51, 3349817.61; 449115.41, 3349821.83; 449118.48, 3349826.13;
449117.27, 3349832.45; 449117.07, 3349840.90; 449115.70, 3349853.55; 449350.70, 3349906.73; 449360.15, 3349910.13;
449360.38, 3349900.62; 449362.65, 3349894.33; 449368.02, 3349891.29; 449367.14, 3349883.87; 449366.13, 3349881.73;
449370.80, 3349863.87; 449365.50, 3349863.75; 449363.01, 3349879.54; 449356.60, 3349881.50; 449354.36, 3349886.73;
449350.70, 3349906.73; 449065.16, 3349840.71; 449077.79, 3349844.19; 449082.30, 3349832.67; 449084.73, 3349820.04;
449082.81, 3349811.54; 449081.93, 3349804.12; 449082.08, 3349797.78; 449076.79, 3349797.65; 449074.49, 3349805.00;
449069.02, 3349812.27; 449067.86, 3349816.47; 449065.39, 3349831.21; 449065.16, 3349840.71; 449043.05, 3349834.90;
449054.59, 3349839.40; 449060.12, 3349830.02; 449061.38, 3349821.60; 449061.66, 3349809.98; 449057.55, 3349804.59;
449057.83, 3349792.97; 449055.71, 3349792.92; 449053.26, 3349806.61; 449049.96, 3349811.81; 449045.67, 3349813.82;
449043.28, 3349825.39; 449043.05, 3349834.90; 449264.32, 3349885.64; 449272.72, 3349889.01; 449282.27, 3349888.18;
449282.35, 3349885.01; 449284.67, 3349876.61; 449284.77, 3349872.39; 449281.67, 3349869.14; 449278.60, 3349864.84;
449279.78, 3349859.58; 449281.00, 3349853.27; 449281.10, 3349849.04; 449276.78, 3349852.11; 449272.45, 3349856.24;
449267.98, 3349865.64; 449264.50, 3349878.24; 449264.32, 3349885.64; 448931.31, 3349811.09; 448937.61, 3349813.35;
448944.04, 3349810.34; 448946.26, 3349806.16; 448950.70, 3349797.81; 448950.93, 3349788.30; 448951.16, 3349778.80;
448942.76, 3349775.43; 448935.25, 3349779.47; 448931.82, 3349789.96; 448929.40, 3349802.59; 448931.31, 3349811.09;
449671.10, 3349976.75; 449686.94, 3349979.24; 449687.39, 3349960.23; 449680.41, 3349942.09; 449675.35, 3349932.46;
449672.70, 3349954.59; 449671.10, 3349976.75; 448952.46, 3349812.65; 448956.65, 3349814.87; 448959.83, 3349814.94;
448969.56, 3349806.72; 448975.03, 3349799.45; 448976.19, 3349795.25; 448975.34, 3349786.77; 448966.92, 3349784.46;
448959.35, 3349790.62; 448952.77, 3349799.98; 448952.46, 3349812.65; 449216.88, 3349876.05; 449226.36, 3349878.39;
449229.96, 3349860.51; 449231.33, 3349847.86; 449234.76, 3349837.37; 449229.46, 3349837.24; 449230.47, 3349839.38;
449227.04, 3349849.87; 449222.76, 3349851.88; 449220.36, 3349863.45; 449216.88, 3349876.05; 449197.94, 3349870.31;
449206.34, 3349873.68; 449208.53, 3349870.56; 449213.83, 3349870.69; 449215.27, 3349854.87; 449215.52, 3349844.31;
449214.69, 3349834.77; 449209.40, 3349834.65; 449208.26, 3349837.79; 449206.87, 3349851.50; 449198.35, 3349853.41;
449197.94, 3349870.31; 448919.34, 3349780.15; 448913.94, 3349784.25; 448910.54, 3349793.68; 448910.31, 3349803.19;
448913.36, 3349808.55; 448922.89, 3349808.77; 448925.21, 3349800.37; 448927.74, 3349783.52; 448927.84, 3349779.30;
448919.34, 3349780.15; 449181.03, 3349868.85; 449188.39, 3349871.14; 449192.10, 3349849.03; 449187.86, 3349848.93;
449188.37, 3349827.80; 449185.19, 3349827.73; 449181.03, 3349868.85; 449249.53, 3349884.23; 449259.06, 3349884.46;
449260.29, 3349877.09; 449262.56, 3349870.80; 449262.71, 3349864.46; 449261.83, 3349857.04; 449259.89, 3349849.60;
449256.62, 3349853.74; 449251.07, 3349864.18; 449250.84, 3349873.69; 449249.53, 3349884.23; 448901.31, 3349780.78;
448893.77, 3349785.88; 448891.45, 3349794.28; 448891.28, 3349801.68; 448896.47, 3349806.03; 448903.93, 3349804.09;
448906.25, 3349795.69; 448906.53, 3349784.07; 448901.31, 3349780.78; 449233.74, 3349879.62; 449242.16, 3349881.94;
449244.41, 3349876.71; 449246.73, 3349868.31; 449240.53, 3349861.82; 449234.12, 3349863.78; 449231.80, 3349872.18;
449233.74, 3349879.62; 451993.83, 3350371.03; 452703.05, 3350634.99; 452704.03, 3350638.18; 452710.36, 3350639.39;
452712.53, 3350637.33; 452713.66, 3350634.18; 452713.79, 3350628.90; 452714.04, 3350618.34; 452713.24, 3350607.75;
452706.89, 3350607.60; 452702.62, 3350608.55; 452703.05, 3350634.99; 453782.71, 3350897.59; 453793.28, 3350898.90;
453796.56, 3350894.75; 453795.98, 3350874.65; 453797.45, 3350857.78; 453794.37, 3350853.47; 453785.62, 3350864.89;
453784.28, 3350876.49; 453782.71, 3350897.59; 450607.54, 3350204.19; 450615.96, 3350206.51; 450619.29, 3350200.25;
450619.64, 3350185.46; 450620.07, 3350167.50; 450618.16, 3350159.00; 450611.83, 3350157.79; 450608.58, 3350160.88;
450606.26, 3350169.28; 450608.12, 3350179.90; 450608.93, 3350190.49; 450608.77, 3350196.82; 450607.54, 3350204.19;
451881.55, 3350474.76; 451896.33, 3350477.22; 451896.60, 3350465.60; 451895.88, 3350451.84; 451894.09, 3350438.06;
451890.91, 3350437.98; 451891.01, 3350433.76; 451890.13, 3350426.34; 451883.80, 3350425.13; 451884.13, 3350455.79;
451882.76, 3350468.44; 451881.55, 3350474.76; 450624.43, 3350206.71; 450631.79, 3350209.00; 450631.94, 3350202.66;
450633.10, 3350198.46; 450633.38, 3350186.84; 450633.56, 3350179.45; 450632.65, 3350173.08; 450635.96, 3350167.88;
450645.46, 3350169.16; 450645.64, 3350161.77; 450640.50, 3350155.30; 450635.23, 3350154.12; 450629.86, 3350157.16;
450624.41, 3350163.37; 450622.51, 3350198.21; 450624.43, 3350206.71; 451488.80, 3350547.04; 451486.14, 3350528.67;
451481.23, 3350526.18; 451480.66, 3350531.56; 451479.21, 3350574.06; 451443.72, 3350573.86; 451444.14, 3350574.42;

451446.66, 3350577.81; 451450.92, 3350580.50; 451452.58, 3350585.93; 451485.88, 3350587.38; 451486.86, 3350582.65;
451496.61, 3350582.02; 451499.58, 3350575.62; 451488.80, 3350547.04; 450383.09, 3350287.25; 450382.53, 3350310.49;
450397.20, 3350317.18; 450408.85, 3350317.46; 450423.63, 3350319.93; 450436.31, 3350321.29; 450455.24, 3350327.02;
450458.47, 3350324.99; 450459.75, 3350315.50; 450444.98, 3350313.04; 450440.75, 3350312.94; 450440.97, 3350303.43;
450399.93, 3350291.88; 450383.09, 3350287.25; 453015.92, 3350797.85; 453023.26, 3350800.16; 453023.39, 3350794.88;
453031.86, 3350795.08; 453034.25, 3350783.51; 453044.87, 3350783.75; 453046.03, 3350735.15; 453019.66, 3350730.29;
453015.92, 3350797.85; 450422.77, 3350179.33; 450422.23, 3350201.51; 450422.66, 3350227.94; 450422.12, 3350250.13;
450427.19, 3350259.76; 450432.21, 3350271.51; 450430.89, 3350282.05; 450439.29, 3350285.42; 450443.57, 3350283.41;
450440.36, 3350196.66; 450435.07, 3350196.53; 450435.42, 3350181.74; 450422.77, 3350179.33; 451937.55, 3350481.38;
451958.60, 3350487.17; 451971.25, 3350489.58; 451970.75, 3350466.32; 451969.27, 3350439.86; 451966.58, 3350419.71;
451956.01, 3350418.40; 451947.52, 3350419.26; 451944.19, 3350425.52; 451942.98, 3350431.83; 451943.55, 3350451.93;
451942.21, 3350463.52; 451937.55, 3350481.38; 451666.83, 3350567.39; 451674.24, 3350567.57; 451679.69, 3350561.36;
451689.19, 3350562.64; 451695.14, 3350580.68; 451703.51, 3350585.10; 451713.63, 3350561.04; 451713.17, 3350534.68;
451713.83, 3350507.21; 451703.07, 3350515.33; 451696.06, 3350522.11; 451685.44, 3350522.91; 451684.18, 3350531.34;
451680.27, 3350538.04; 451669.53, 3350543.15; 451666.83, 3350567.39; 451405.16, 3350583.71; 451417.86, 3350584.41;
451419.36, 3350571.37; 451417.02, 3350536.43; 451418.01, 3350478.98; 451411.54, 3350466.94; 451392.65, 3350470.91;
451392.01, 3350497.32; 451394.32, 3350532.34; 451403.43, 3350540.07; 451403.22, 3350548.79; 451400.78, 3350551.11;
451403.84, 3350555.94; 451403.19, 3350561.01; 451395.73, 3350562.95; 451394.72, 3350571.57; 451403.42, 3350573.37;
451405.16, 3350583.71; 451930.48, 3350526.11; 451932.49, 3350530.13; 451942.72, 3350534.34; 451947.14, 3350537.71;
451946.11, 3350546.44; 451943.92, 3350552.70; 451936.14, 3350553.73; 451932.25, 3350554.05; 451930.93, 3350558.29;
451936.10, 3350561.93; 451943.31, 3350559.33; 451940.80, 3350564.42; 451940.69, 3350569.17; 451944.88, 3350576.41;
451940.48, 3350576.85; 451941.12, 3350584.24; 451944.29, 3350584.72; 451943.23, 3350589.74; 451940.89, 3350593.75;
451944.82, 3350595.43; 451948.30, 3350599.48; 451947.29, 3350607.76; 451951.96, 3350612.65; 451952.18, 3350620.18;
451954.10, 3350622.61; 451959.36, 3350618.77; 451956.28, 3350614.73; 451957.21, 3350609.20; 451960.13, 3350608.47;
451963.53, 3350610.54; 451964.55, 3350617.70; 451969.34, 3350617.03; 451970.22, 3350613.48; 451967.17, 3350607.86;
451973.20, 3350605.23; 451977.53, 3350606.92; 451977.63, 3350602.56; 451977.04, 3350594.22; 451976.76, 3350589.06;
451972.82, 3350581.69; 451966.97, 3350578.91; 451971.96, 3350573.88; 451971.11, 3350567.81; 451966.44, 3350566.68;
451962.15, 3350567.19; 451955.89, 3350564.78; 451956.52, 3350555.28; 451959.38, 3350551.78; 451966.62, 3350548.39;
451969.80, 3350554.34; 451973.17, 3350556.87; 451979.53, 3350556.62; 451980.50, 3350549.12; 451976.29, 3350542.67;
451970.01, 3350539.35; 451965.40, 3350532.90; 451963.55, 3350527.31; 451959.28, 3350525.17; 451952.32, 3350526.02;
451952.14, 3350533.35; 451948.67, 3350533.47; 451948.85, 3350527.35; 451944.13, 3350525.26; 451941.54, 3350524.34;
451937.84, 3350522.33; 451928.95, 3350521.59; 451930.48, 3350526.11; 453147.41, 3350803.69; 453142.42, 3350788.61;
453137.09, 3350787.42; 453139.57, 3350854.72; 453138.43, 3350865.43; 453144.36, 3350874.24; 453150.85, 3350885.10;
453157.00, 3350893.57; 453164.77, 3350900.89; 453169.90, 3350902.60; 453170.14, 3350892.69; 453168.94, 3350876.41;
453167.40, 3350857.75; 453168.67, 3350805.06; 453167.49, 3350795.14; 453158.12, 3350801.82; 453147.41, 3350803.69;
452001.33, 3350604.46; 452004.74, 3350595.03; 452006.03, 3350585.55; 452002.95, 3350581.24; 451999.85, 3350578.00;
452003.10, 3350574.91; 452007.24, 3350579.23; 452013.64, 3350577.27; 452021.08, 3350576.39; 452025.34, 3350575.44;
452029.68, 3350571.31; 452028.77, 3350564.95; 452031.97, 3350563.97; 452032.08, 3350559.74; 452033.39, 3350549.21;
452033.57, 3350541.81; 452035.68, 3350541.86; 452038.78, 3350545.11; 452035.33, 3350556.65; 452036.18, 3350565.13;
452033.84, 3350574.58; 452036.86, 3350581.00; 452042.13, 3350582.18; 452049.59, 3350580.25; 452053.85, 3350579.29;
452054.03, 3350571.90; 452054.21, 3350564.50; 452050.08, 3350560.17; 452050.20, 3350554.89; 452052.47, 3350548.61;
452052.75, 3350536.99; 452049.73, 3350530.57; 452041.26, 3350530.37; 452030.82, 3350523.78; 452027.42, 3350533.21;
452022.93, 3350543.67; 452011.30, 3350542.34; 452011.46, 3350536.00; 452020.00, 3350533.03; 452024.29, 3350531.02;
452023.38, 3350524.66; 452016.07, 3350520.25; 452009.77, 3350517.99; 452002.36, 3350517.81; 451994.97, 3350516.58;
451985.44, 3350516.35; 451983.98, 3350533.23; 451982.76, 3350583.93; 451982.38, 3350599.78; 451992.91, 3350602.14;
452001.33, 3350604.46; 450499.59, 3350334.35; 450512.17, 3350339.93; 450518.65, 3350334.80; 450527.20, 3350331.83;
450534.43, 3350339.41; 450544.01, 3350336.54; 450543.28, 3350322.79; 450545.04, 3350205.50; 450514.49, 3350199.41;
450515.08, 3350262.84; 450515.68, 3350326.27; 450502.94, 3350327.03; 450499.59, 3350334.35; 451834.39, 3350514.14;
451832.67, 3350519.45; 451838.51, 3350522.33; 451843.31, 3350521.26; 451842.63, 3350526.22; 451845.91, 3350528.85;
451852.11, 3350528.03; 451855.80, 3350530.28; 451855.17, 3350524.74; 451859.95, 3350523.86; 451862.44, 3350519.17;
451869.59, 3350518.95; 451868.38, 3350528.22; 451862.42, 3350528.47; 451860.99, 3350530.02; 451864.40, 3350536.64;
451868.09, 3350540.29; 451870.15, 3350545.29; 451873.10, 3350546.15; 451871.53, 3350537.20; 451875.72, 3350536.51;
451879.49, 3350536.21; 451881.87, 3350536.46; 451885.51, 3350541.70; 451892.21, 3350543.64; 451892.29, 3350548.59;
451891.79, 3350553.73; 451884.93, 3350558.33; 451877.73, 3350560.13; 451873.56, 3350560.02; 451872.89, 3350569.53;
451866.85, 3350566.33; 451862.15, 3350566.63; 451862.53, 3350576.21; 451863.56, 3350584.17; 451860.26, 3350594.07;
451865.05, 3350598.66; 451867.19, 3350602.99; 451869.47, 3350606.31; 451869.79, 3350609.49; 451865.78, 3350610.90;
451864.82, 3350618.09; 451863.90, 3350623.22; 451866.58, 3350627.25; 451870.94, 3350627.75; 451876.22, 3350623.12;
451882.58, 3350622.88; 451885.86, 3350618.60; 451888.63, 3350619.06; 451893.39, 3350619.57; 451895.77, 3350619.76;
451898.84, 3350619.22; 451902.86, 3350622.17; 451906.52, 3350618.69; 451912.14, 3350616.45; 451919.16, 3350621.77;
451921.66, 3350617.07; 451918.37, 3350613.58; 451919.30, 3350600.37; 451915.40, 3350601.29; 451914.63, 3350595.50;
451917.50, 3350591.61; 451925.21, 3350592.37; 451925.74, 3350587.29; 451924.27, 3350580.33; 451921.16, 3350573.94;
451919.29, 3350566.97; 451913.66, 3350569.71; 451908.32, 3350560.47; 451912.40, 3350555.81; 451912.92, 3350550.67;
451913.87, 3350544.35; 451911.04, 3350536.37; 451906.11, 3350536.63; 451903.04, 3350538.75; 451899.67, 3350538.87;
451898.42, 3350541.41; 451888.52, 3350540.38; 451889.01, 3350536.43; 451884.88, 3350535.15; 451885.38, 3350522.29;
451880.28, 3350520.16; 451876.73, 3350519.28; 451877.23, 3350514.94; 451871.13, 3350512.65; 451865.71, 3350515.29;
451866.05, 3350509.36; 451857.34, 3350508.36; 451857.81, 3350513.72; 451855.05, 3350513.06; 451854.13, 3350518.38;
451849.84, 3350515.31; 451845.06, 3350514.56; 451839.94, 3350514.08; 451834.39, 3350514.14; 452962.77, 3350805.04;
452964.66, 3350813.56; 452970.74, 3350825.33; 452974.90, 3350828.60; 452982.44, 3350823.50; 452984.73, 3350816.15;
452995.45, 3350811.12; 453004.98, 3350811.35; 453013.47, 3350811.53; 453014.37, 3350730.17; 452985.98, 3350721.03;
452963.85, 3350716.27; 452962.77, 3350805.04; 450352.08, 3350300.17; 450360.45, 3350303.62; 450368.97, 3350302.68;
450368.35, 3350284.70; 450380.02, 3350283.92; 450383.57, 3350267.18; 450398.82, 3350269.80; 450396.94, 3350240.01;
450396.42, 3350173.41; 450390.95, 3350180.68; 450384.57, 3350181.58; 450358.25, 3350174.61; 450355.43, 3350205.12;
450381.72, 3350213.14; 450376.82, 3350240.51; 450355.80, 3350233.66; 450354.46, 3350245.26; 450359.58, 3350252.78;
450358.29, 3350262.26; 450345.53, 3350264.07; 450341.58, 3350252.35; 450350.25, 3350244.10; 450351.70, 3350183.89;
450345.34, 3350183.74; 450344.01, 3350195.33; 450345.31, 3350229.19; 450323.18, 3350224.43; 450323.73, 3350245.58;
450325.41, 3350263.59; 450351.68, 3350272.67; 450352.08, 3350300.17; 452961.76, 3350715.17; 452944.84, 3350712.67;
452926.94, 3350708.01; 452896.41, 3350700.92; 452897.21, 3350711.51; 452900.22, 3350717.94; 452898.39, 3350749.61;
452897.86, 3350771.79; 452904.06, 3350778.28; 452916.67, 3350782.81; 452916.57, 3350787.04; 452927.13, 3350788.35;
452927.96, 3350797.88; 452936.43, 3350798.08; 452947.02, 3350798.34; 452952.14, 3350805.86; 452959.70, 3350800.73;
452960.37, 3350728.87; 452961.76, 3350715.17; 452779.43, 3350674.87; 452757.35, 3350668.00; 452750.92, 3350671.01;
452746.48, 3350679.36; 452744.77, 3350706.28; 452754.34, 3350710.66; 452782.86, 3350717.62; 452805.09, 3350724.81;

452810.67, 3350737.88; 452807.62, 3350780.18; 452803.63, 3350813.91; 452808.72, 3350822.49; 452806.34, 3350847.86;
452821.98, 3350851.37; 452825.42, 3350838.90; 452840.06, 3350840.30; 452840.17, 3350792.59; 452811.60, 3350790.85;
452811.91, 3350778.17; 452840.55, 3350776.53; 452839.30, 3350740.78; 452816.00, 3350740.22; 452816.84, 3350726.27;
452830.71, 3350721.50; 452839.75, 3350721.76; 452842.48, 3350696.46; 452838.42, 3350688.96; 452779.43, 3350674.87;
450547.49, 3350324.92; 450561.28, 3350324.19; 450566.35, 3350333.83; 450559.77, 3350343.18; 450586.16, 3350346.99;
450591.84, 3350331.27; 450603.49, 3350331.54; 450615.34, 3350323.37; 450615.63, 3350222.97; 450549.48, 3350207.56;
450548.25, 3350292.25; 450547.49, 3350324.92; 452716.99, 3350739.66; 452724.84, 3350716.41; 452763.08, 3350728.01;
452752.89, 3350753.28; 452761.35, 3350755.60; 452758.35, 3350791.67; 452779.52, 3350797.50; 452790.15, 3350798.81;
452799.96, 3350789.48; 452801.09, 3350742.74; 452798.15, 3350732.04; 452719.99, 3350707.38; 452701.88, 3350703.16;
452660.61, 3350691.54; 452642.40, 3350689.56; 452628.63, 3350691.84; 452622.04, 3350700.19; 452618.44, 3350717.11;
452617.14, 3350726.64; 452634.16, 3350728.11; 452635.45, 3350718.58; 452640.83, 3350716.58; 452646.20, 3350714.58;
452648.23, 3350718.88; 452654.44, 3350726.47; 452656.34, 3350736.08; 452659.46, 3350739.35; 452663.64, 3350742.64;
452659.25, 3350747.85; 452653.93, 3350747.72; 452650.61, 3350752.95; 452642.21, 3350747.44; 452639.02, 3350747.36;
452639.88, 3350755.89; 452669.47, 3350766.16; 452680.06, 3350768.54; 452683.59, 3350754.81; 452689.43, 3350733.69;
452707.40, 3350739.43; 452697.00, 3350773.20; 452712.87, 3350777.83; 452713.10, 3350768.27; 452709.93, 3350767.13;
452710.19, 3350756.51; 452710.37, 3350749.07; 452716.76, 3350749.22; 452721.12, 3350745.07; 452716.99, 3350739.66;
450916.02, 3350287.31; 450857.03, 3350273.21; 450851.53, 3350281.54; 450849.99, 3350301.58; 450848.47, 3350320.57;
450849.20, 3350334.33; 450849.95, 3350347.03; 450856.83, 3350369.39; 450857.69, 3350377.87; 450866.13, 3350379.13;
450865.98, 3350385.47; 450872.18, 3350391.96; 450873.04, 3350400.43; 450872.61, 3350418.39; 450876.38, 3350437.51;
450883.57, 3350447.19; 450882.98, 3350471.49; 450892.51, 3350471.72; 450897.66, 3350478.18; 450912.48, 3350478.54;
450918.94, 3350474.46; 450918.41, 3350452.25; 450918.62, 3350399.41; 450915.85, 3350382.43; 450916.88, 3350295.78;
450916.02, 3350287.31; 451489.88, 3350479.66; 451489.12, 3350511.35; 451491.85, 3350531.09; 451498.62, 3350557.03;
451504.59, 3350573.03; 451504.26, 3350586.76; 451500.73, 3350601.47; 451503.67, 3350611.06; 451513.82, 3350608.51;
451509.96, 3350554.51; 451505.70, 3350533.40; 451506.09, 3350517.16; 451511.66, 3350500.25; 451521.25, 3350498.10;
451535.17, 3350497.24; 451552.25, 3350497.65; 451568.31, 3350507.15; 451567.25, 3350523.71; 451565.79, 3350540.59;
451565.33, 3350559.60; 451552.29, 3350573.03; 451553.02, 3350586.79; 451555.49, 3350610.69; 451564.55, 3350613.69;
451562.37, 3350605.31; 451569.15, 3350599.87; 451569.42, 3350593.19; 451575.11, 3350593.66; 451579.21, 3350599.04;
451585.03, 3350604.66; 451593.34, 3350606.45; 451603.14, 3350595.19; 451612.97, 3350599.39; 451622.58, 3350602.19;
451631.30, 3350591.83; 451630.60, 3350577.02; 451632.22, 3350553.80; 451647.07, 3350552.64; 451662.92, 3350553.56;
451660.12, 3350449.91; 451629.43, 3350443.61; 451623.63, 3350486.67; 451613.70, 3350486.77; 451596.78, 3350484.33;
451594.84, 3350477.66; 451585.77, 3350475.07; 451583.88, 3350471.06; 451588.07, 3350462.04; 451596.77, 3350463.83;
451604.77, 3350461.25; 451620.99, 3350464.41; 451623.87, 3350443.48; 451598.21, 3350436.92; 451579.63, 3350432.90;
451566.31, 3350429.70; 451553.50, 3350433.62; 451553.32, 3350441.01; 451551.00, 3350449.41; 451545.01, 3350451.50;
451546.65, 3350466.20; 451545.85, 3350482.83; 451539.55, 3350485.08; 451531.06, 3350486.44; 451526.70, 3350485.94;
451518.35, 3350485.63; 451502.99, 3350480.62; 451489.88, 3350479.66; 452229.34, 3350643.46; 452234.37, 3350649.13;
452230.66, 3350671.24; 452227.35, 3350692.96; 452235.69, 3350693.16; 452242.42, 3350694.11; 452241.52, 3350698.45;
452248.23, 3350700.59; 452249.21, 3350692.69; 452255.99, 3350691.66; 452259.76, 3350700.08; 452264.13, 3350700.18;
452271.74, 3350697.59; 452276.79, 3350702.47; 452282.03, 3350699.42; 452291.58, 3350698.46; 452297.38, 3350705.34;
452300.04, 3350710.16; 452305.96, 3350711.88; 452319.45, 3350712.60; 452324.50, 3350717.48; 452332.33, 3350722.42;
452338.68, 3350722.58; 452344.12, 3350727.86; 452352.47, 3350727.27; 452362.30, 3350731.86; 452364.38, 3350727.95;
452359.27, 3350725.45; 452358.68, 3350717.11; 452365.13, 3350696.65; 452365.14, 3350679.61; 452369.46, 3350665.44;
452376.54, 3350651.74; 452382.49, 3350652.28; 452384.51, 3350584.54; 452340.63, 3350575.57; 452342.86, 3350581.96;
452347.58, 3350584.06; 452357.92, 3350583.51; 452364.95, 3350588.44; 452364.02, 3350594.36; 452367.99, 3350600.57;
452362.22, 3350603.04; 452357.33, 3350603.48; 452350.95, 3350604.39; 452343.51, 3350605.27; 452337.22, 3350601.65;
452332.63, 3350594.40; 452329.59, 3350588.38; 452334.89, 3350582.96; 452331.48, 3350576.14; 452319.56, 3350575.86;
452319.86, 3350580.22; 452316.52, 3350586.88; 452310.50, 3350589.12; 452304.52, 3350590.16; 452304.80, 3350594.93;
452295.15, 3350599.85; 452289.63, 3350598.13; 452292.17, 3350591.45; 452295.42, 3350588.76; 452299.46, 3350585.68;
452297.98, 3350581.29; 452304.47, 3350575.50; 452302.20, 3350571.08; 452291.83, 3350572.81; 452288.98, 3350575.52;
452290.43, 3350581.11; 452292.30, 3350586.30; 452282.99, 3350593.21; 452282.31, 3350588.44; 452278.69, 3350590.34;
452274.27, 3350592.21; 452276.44, 3350584.73; 452280.54, 3350579.68; 452283.48, 3350573.01; 452279.52, 3350572.52;
452275.79, 3350578.77; 452271.61, 3350587.39; 452267.97, 3350590.08; 452263.72, 3350585.22; 452257.50, 3350579.52;
452252.02, 3350575.83; 452251.77, 3350569.87; 452247.42, 3350568.98; 452245.16, 3350580.42; 452238.88, 3350593.74;
452229.73, 3350593.92; 452229.99, 3350616.13; 452229.14, 3350635.13; 452229.34, 3350643.46; 452586.29, 3350643.82;
452589.65, 3350636.50; 452594.03, 3350630.27; 452575.48, 3350623.60; 452472.77, 3350598.94; 452465.48, 3350600.76;
452465.76, 3350609.48; 452459.58, 3350625.99; 452456.15, 3350636.48; 452453.40, 3350660.71; 452448.52, 3350689.15;
452449.15, 3350707.13; 452452.10, 3350716.71; 452460.15, 3350710.42; 452462.86, 3350713.65; 452459.90, 3350721.11;
452456.92, 3350729.37; 452459.55, 3350735.38; 452467.52, 3350734.38; 452477.42, 3350735.80; 452484.12, 3350738.34;
452486.13, 3350754.54; 452485.52, 3350762.55; 452492.62, 3350764.71; 452500.13, 3350782.72; 452517.41, 3350791.06;
452522.81, 3350771.28; 452537.48, 3350779.01; 452545.98, 3350778.15; 452548.31, 3350767.56; 452548.13, 3350752.95;
452574.51, 3350746.45; 452575.13, 3350755.60; 452599.62, 3350759.73; 452612.16, 3350757.54; 452610.95, 3350750.89;
452611.29, 3350705.72; 452617.09, 3350684.72; 452624.66, 3350678.56; 452657.41, 3350682.52; 452719.50, 3350699.86;
452729.03, 3350700.09; 452733.47, 3350691.74; 452738.03, 3350678.10; 452739.35, 3350667.57; 452734.15, 3350663.21;
452644.50, 3350646.27; 452636.89, 3350654.54; 452632.17, 3350674.51; 452618.56, 3350667.85; 452618.76, 3350659.40;
452606.10, 3350656.98; 452594.43, 3350657.76; 452585.70, 3350652.75; 452586.29, 3350643.82; 451758.79, 3350379.88;
451764.08, 3350380.01; 451766.61, 3350363.16; 451795.10, 3350368.07; 451792.78, 3350376.47; 451824.52, 3350378.28;
451822.41, 3350465.96; 451871.90, 3350475.19; 451877.52, 3350466.20; 451879.70, 3350419.75; 451869.39, 3350407.87;
451854.66, 3350403.29; 451858.30, 3350384.35; 451875.21, 3350385.82; 451877.08, 3350396.43; 451912.02, 3350397.27;
451911.49, 3350419.45; 451903.95, 3350424.56; 451898.40, 3350434.99; 451901.04, 3350457.25; 451902.65, 3350478.43;
451930.13, 3350481.20; 451934.70, 3350467.57; 451936.09, 3350453.86; 451936.55, 3350434.85; 451923.99, 3350428.21;
451919.98, 3350418.60; 451921.45, 3350401.72; 451941.62, 3350400.09; 451968.07, 3350401.78; 451988.21, 3350401.20;
452030.44, 3350407.50; 452034.35, 3350421.33; 452034.13, 3350474.18; 452045.53, 3350485.02; 452060.02, 3350499.11;
452061.44, 3350484.34; 452056.34, 3350475.77; 452050.14, 3350469.28; 452039.07, 3350467.98; 452039.83, 3350457.40;
452049.39, 3350456.57; 452049.72, 3350442.84; 452046.67, 3350437.48; 452041.63, 3350426.79; 452049.30, 3350416.41;
452062.96, 3350420.96; 452063.59, 3350438.94; 452059.25, 3350443.07; 452057.68, 3350464.17; 452064.82, 3350475.97;
452068.70, 3350490.86; 452070.25, 3350426.42; 452073.58, 3350420.16; 452123.19, 3350427.69; 452122.89, 3350440.36;
452129.37, 3350435.23; 452127.40, 3350428.84; 452149.54, 3350432.56; 452173.79, 3350437.37; 452189.57, 3350441.98;
452218.09, 3350445.83; 452224.29, 3350453.36; 452243.37, 3350451.72; 452270.83, 3350455.55; 452279.25, 3350458.90;
452288.80, 3350457.04; 452293.17, 3350451.86; 452305.72, 3350458.50; 452305.59, 3350463.78; 452327.68, 3350470.65;
452348.90, 3350470.08; 452358.61, 3350462.91; 452401.75, 3350474.54; 452427.06, 3350480.41; 452449.20, 3350484.13;
452469.34, 3350484.59; 452485.20, 3350486.02; 452494.60, 3350490.50; 452513.66, 3350490.95; 452510.99, 3350514.14;
452498.28, 3350513.84; 452490.63, 3350524.21; 452492.26, 3350588.72; 452567.58, 3350605.87; 452565.91, 3350566.17;

452547.96, 3350563.63; 452546.24, 3350523.97; 452558.92, 3350525.33; 452555.02, 3350511.50; 452563.51, 3350510.64;
452565.25, 3350526.54; 452574.73, 3350528.88; 452574.97, 3350607.10; 452607.72, 3350611.06; 452607.38, 3350537.06;
452598.96, 3350534.75; 452601.14, 3350510.99; 452637.56, 3350515.59; 452632.35, 3350535.00; 452613.94, 3350551.47;
452610.58, 3350603.18; 452612.94, 3350614.35; 452637.14, 3350621.28; 452642.65, 3350591.26; 452635.96, 3350582.14;
452636.85, 3350567.87; 452634.79, 3350565.71; 452636.75, 3350549.39; 452643.25, 3350543.20; 452661.13, 3350548.92;
452658.26, 3350558.87; 452654.83, 3350569.36; 452651.87, 3350581.46; 452649.40, 3350596.20; 452643.44, 3350623.54;
452667.64, 3350630.46; 452668.07, 3350612.50; 452682.20, 3350598.04; 452671.42, 3350584.55; 452664.70, 3350576.48;
452666.27, 3350555.38; 452687.37, 3350559.06; 452686.89, 3350579.13; 452689.29, 3350590.26; 452688.50, 3350600.31;
452675.49, 3350612.68; 452672.94, 3350630.59; 452696.08, 3350637.48; 452696.40, 3350603.12; 452692.37, 3350594.57;
452693.00, 3350568.16; 452722.70, 3350566.75; 452724.13, 3350595.33; 452719.62, 3350606.84; 452720.90, 3350641.76;
452763.54, 3350651.78; 452766.63, 3350634.39; 452768.10, 3350617.52; 452766.80, 3350604.30; 452756.34, 3350598.76;
452754.92, 3350592.89; 452748.20, 3350584.82; 452749.59, 3350571.12; 452763.46, 3350567.22; 452769.01, 3350579.49;
452768.63, 3350595.33; 452775.05, 3350614.01; 452773.53, 3350633.00; 452768.81, 3350652.97; 452858.34, 3350675.19;
452861.94, 3350657.31; 452862.83, 3350620.33; 452843.48, 3350610.87; 452842.27, 3350594.47; 452845.72, 3350582.93;
452867.88, 3350586.63; 452866.09, 3350617.24; 452865.45, 3350643.65; 452862.60, 3350674.23; 452872.52, 3350680.29;
452875.35, 3350650.76; 452883.89, 3350647.79; 452887.27, 3350639.42; 452889.11, 3350651.09; 452893.30, 3350653.30;
452888.68, 3350669.05; 452881.27, 3350668.87; 452876.78, 3350679.33; 452983.11, 3350707.24; 452985.16, 3350667.10;
452982.59, 3350641.68; 452970.19, 3350628.70; 452971.71, 3350608.67; 452984.44, 3350607.92; 452989.59, 3350614.38;
452985.97, 3350633.30; 452986.86, 3350640.72; 452988.41, 3350664.01; 452986.29, 3350707.32; 453028.42, 3350717.84;
453029.65, 3350711.51; 453017.07, 3350705.92; 453018.54, 3350689.04; 453017.89, 3350671.08; 453019.41, 3350652.09;
453022.84, 3350641.60; 453026.29, 3350631.09; 453046.26, 3350637.91; 453075.85, 3350640.74; 453078.12, 3350634.45;
453086.59, 3350634.65; 453105.50, 3350641.45; 453133.94, 3350648.47; 453148.74, 3350649.88; 453170.85, 3350655.69;
453184.49, 3350661.30; 453193.86, 3350667.87; 453218.14, 3350671.62; 453257.02, 3350685.24; 453273.86, 3350689.87;
453287.65, 3350689.14; 453293.90, 3350693.52; 453323.40, 3350700.57; 453326.65, 3350697.47; 453344.60, 3350700.02;
453353.98, 3350706.58; 453364.98, 3350710.57; 453370.49, 3350724.95; 453369.72, 3350733.93; 453362.64, 3350742.73;
453365.98, 3350757.10; 453359.38, 3350767.51; 453351.14, 3350780.50; 453343.50, 3350789.83; 453350.24, 3350794.77;
453463.37, 3350827.58; 453465.69, 3350796.48; 453445.20, 3350790.15; 453455.89, 3350763.48; 453479.06, 3350769.32;
453468.42, 3350793.88; 453469.16, 3350828.27; 453512.42, 3350835.65; 453516.18, 3350811.43; 453526.07, 3350796.87;
453521.86, 3350795.71; 453522.93, 3350774.05; 453538.28, 3350773.91; 453535.57, 3350798.15; 453529.22, 3350798.00;
453517.17, 3350814.62; 453515.57, 3350836.78; 453528.23, 3350839.20; 453532.90, 3350821.34; 453537.39, 3350810.88;
453543.87, 3350805.75; 453547.65, 3350780.47; 453558.34, 3350776.50; 453568.36, 3350779.36; 453568.37, 3350799.99;
453562.38, 3350807.76; 453555.49, 3350807.08; 453541.57, 3350813.09; 453531.41, 3350839.27; 453565.80, 3350848.41;
453584.46, 3350853.19; 453586.35, 3350834.15; 453590.14, 3350819.13; 453585.65, 3350809.37; 453583.15, 3350800.73;
453573.20, 3350798.78; 453572.24, 3350794.25; 453575.98, 3350771.09; 453588.66, 3350772.45; 453585.93, 3350797.75;
453591.00, 3350807.38; 453593.88, 3350818.08; 453590.49, 3350828.51; 453588.47, 3350853.01; 453590.71, 3350854.77;
453594.50, 3350838.12; 453602.99, 3350814.56; 453610.55, 3350808.40; 453610.78, 3350798.89; 453605.46, 3350799.82;
453607.05, 3350777.67; 453617.62, 3350778.97; 453620.87, 3350775.88; 453625.08, 3350777.04; 453624.95, 3350782.32;
453632.80, 3350787.24; 453627.23, 3350798.74; 453623.31, 3350806.59; 453610.40, 3350814.74; 453603.77, 3350826.21;
453594.06, 3350856.08; 453664.14, 3350870.99; 453667.03, 3350861.02; 453671.52, 3350850.55; 453672.96, 3350834.73;
453673.19, 3350825.23; 453664.82, 3350820.80; 453666.03, 3350814.49; 453660.84, 3350810.13; 453666.54, 3350793.36;
453671.93, 3350789.26; 453683.56, 3350790.59; 453689.65, 3350802.35; 453681.86, 3350816.98; 453678.46, 3350826.41;
453674.64, 3350852.74; 453668.89, 3350871.63; 453735.29, 3350886.94; 453747.12, 3350878.79; 453747.28, 3350872.45;
453748.74, 3350855.57; 453768.76, 3350860.28; 453763.99, 3350882.36; 453759.70, 3350884.38; 453760.58, 3350891.80;
453776.39, 3350896.38; 453781.44, 3350862.68; 453775.26, 3350854.09; 453775.82, 3350831.89; 453795.89, 3350834.48;
453804.44, 3350830.48; 453822.44, 3350830.91; 453826.52, 3350837.35; 453826.34, 3350845.78; 453830.32, 3350856.45;
453829.97, 3350871.24; 453826.44, 3350884.92; 453824.97, 3350901.79; 453835.77, 3350905.26; 453837.42, 3350781.57;
453760.40, 3350768.10; 453697.23, 3350751.79; 453582.57, 3350717.34; 453497.31, 3350694.16; 453375.32, 3350656.36;
453257.43, 3350623.94; 453175.30, 3350602.95; 453083.60, 3350582.79; 452998.22, 3350564.89; 452884.39, 3350539.97;
452754.93, 3350504.10; 452628.45, 3350476.77; 452524.18, 3350451.02; 452447.21, 3350435.44; 452351.28, 3350415.17;
452237.43, 3350391.31; 452155.65, 3350375.09; 452081.85, 3350359.58; 451991.22, 3350339.44; 451924.69, 3350330.45;
451859.24, 3350320.43; 451769.41, 3350310.89; 451769.41, 3350310.89; 451649.99, 3350298.52; 451523.50, 3350271.18;
451402.47, 3350237.63; 451202.24, 3350192.68; 451034.69, 3350153.10; 450914.58, 3350124.86; 450834.59, 3350102.87;
450737.55, 3350084.69; 450597.48, 3350049.63; 450480.68, 3350016.19; 450366.83, 3349992.32; 450291.95, 3349977.85;
450240.94, 3349965.09; 450150.23, 3349948.99; 450150.42, 3350009.76; 450160.82, 3350011.71; 450213.79, 3350011.92;
450212.02, 3350044.20; 450231.06, 3350045.71; 450230.37, 3350074.23; 450244.09, 3350076.67; 450240.20, 3350106.18;
450247.36, 3350116.92; 450266.24, 3350124.77; 450282.07, 3350127.26; 450349.44, 3350145.78; 450349.94, 3350124.65;
450321.38, 3350122.91; 450318.74, 3350100.65; 450352.57, 3350103.58; 450353.33, 3350071.89; 450317.30, 3350072.08;
450319.85, 3350054.17; 450344.08, 3350060.04; 450345.52, 3350044.22; 450376.28, 3350042.84; 450380.23, 3350051.84;
450380.96, 3350065.59; 450381.85, 3350075.74; 450378.61, 3350122.17; 450370.04, 3350126.19; 450367.33, 3350147.71;
450381.02, 3350151.21; 450380.31, 3350136.40; 450386.58, 3350099.11; 450391.90, 3350098.18; 450393.09, 3350092.92;
450420.41, 3350102.03; 450426.92, 3350095.84; 450415.35, 3350092.39; 450417.70, 3350082.94; 450442.02, 3350081.85;
450486.37, 3350090.92; 450492.42, 3350103.75; 450495.37, 3350113.33; 450519.54, 3350118.59; 450514.22, 3350166.63;
450525.68, 3350171.58; 450527.36, 3350148.98; 450525.82, 3350121.91; 450529.25, 3350111.42; 450571.24, 3350108.28;
450587.05, 3350111.83; 450590.47, 3350145.73; 450587.98, 3350180.47; 450584.60, 3350188.85; 450584.92, 3350200.56;
450601.29, 3350199.82; 450604.72, 3350189.33; 450601.97, 3350171.29; 450603.62, 3350147.02; 450605.28, 3350121.69;
450617.61, 3350118.90; 450625.82, 3350129.66; 450640.65, 3350130.02; 450641.91, 3350121.59; 450671.24, 3350129.95;
450688.61, 3350137.43; 450710.18, 3350146.48; 450735.11, 3350149.57; 450770.80, 3350158.05; 450801.85, 3350167.70;
450804.14, 3350160.35; 450813.67, 3350160.58; 450812.44, 3350167.95; 450850.68, 3350163.58; 450878.14, 3350167.41;
450877.83, 3350180.08; 450901.10, 3350181.70; 450898.37, 3350251.39; 450886.67, 3350253.23; 450878.10, 3350257.25;
450878.95, 3350265.73; 450948.43, 3350284.30; 450951.01, 3350265.34; 450941.45, 3350266.16; 450941.03, 3350239.73;
450947.41, 3350238.83; 450947.62, 3350206.67; 450940.31, 3350202.27; 450942.64, 3350193.87; 450952.29, 3350188.82;
450961.67, 3350195.38; 450959.40, 3350201.67; 450968.31, 3350206.56; 450968.92, 3350225.60; 450996.08, 3350219.38;
451013.00, 3350219.86; 451010.90, 3350264.13; 451005.95, 3350292.64; 451032.32, 3350297.49; 451038.64, 3350211.94;
451066.12, 3350214.71; 451089.29, 3350220.55; 451122.95, 3350230.87; 451138.73, 3350235.47; 451152.52, 3350233.77;
451169.43, 3350238.11; 451176.54, 3350248.08; 451231.43, 3350256.80; 451237.34, 3350254.21; 451250.54, 3350255.14;
451253.56, 3350261.55; 451279.91, 3350267.47; 451314.65, 3350276.75; 451333.31, 3350276.86; 451359.54, 3350283.56;
451376.77, 3350293.04; 451403.31, 3350290.50; 451431.19, 3350300.07; 451482.79, 3350312.93; 451488.83, 3350303.12;
451500.40, 3350306.57; 451505.39, 3350319.37; 451563.40, 3350330.27; 451586.37, 3350345.54; 451591.77, 3350341.44;
451617.05, 3350346.35; 451616.42, 3350373.74; 451604.75, 3350374.51; 451600.33, 3350381.81; 451597.00, 3350388.07;
451601.24, 3350388.17; 451598.87, 3350398.68; 451597.66, 3350405.00; 451595.38, 3350411.29; 451595.16, 3350420.79;
451717.43, 3350446.97; 451723.73, 3350449.24; 451724.67, 3350410.15; 451701.63, 3350399.03; 451699.79, 3350387.36;

451699.16, 3350369.37; 451704.59, 3350364.22; 451736.02, 3350378.71; 451758.79, 3350379.88; 450912.08, 3350186.80;
450914.09, 3350170.38; 450944.72, 3350174.28; 450941.70, 3350188.56; 450912.08, 3350186.80
(8) PKBM—UNIT 3: PERDIDO KEY STATE PARK UNIT, ESCAMBIA COUNTY, FLORIDA.
(I) GENERAL DESCRIPTION: THIS UNIT ENCOMPASSES ESSENTIAL FEATURES OF BEACH MOUSE HABITAT WITHIN THE
BOUNDARY OF PERDIDO KEY STATE PARK FROM APPROXIMATELY 2 MI (3.2 KM) EAST OF THE ALABAMA-FLORIDA STATE
LINE TO 4 MI (6.4 KM) EAST OF THE STATE LINE AND THE AREA FROM THE MHWL NORTH TO THE SEAWARD EXTENT OF
THE MARITIME FOREST.
(II) COORDINATES: FROM USGS 1:24,000 QUADRANGLE MAP PERDIDO BAY, FLORIDA, LAND BOUNDED BY THE
FOLLOWING UTM 16 NAD 83 COORDINATES (E,N): 455621.62, 3351458.88; 453257.58, 3350904.44; 453254.26, 3350917.23;
453243.75, 3350913.81; 453240.29, 3350925.36; 453247.80, 3350930.76; 453266.31, 3350945.01; 453287.10, 3350948.75;
453293.56, 3350957.28; 453304.30, 3350951.20; 453307.22, 3350961.84; 453312.72, 3350973.93; 453318.59, 3350973.74;
453318.26, 3350987.47; 453306.46, 3350993.53; 453320.42, 3351005.30; 453354.81, 3351009.49; 453352.19, 3351030.56;
453343.44, 3351041.98; 453350.93, 3351069.98; 453334.30, 3351069.24; 453335.11, 3351079.83; 453352.32, 3351078.33;
453351.11, 3351095.75; 453383.68, 3351130.67; 453392.08, 3351134.05; 453401.76, 3351127.94; 453398.49, 3351117.04;
453399.11, 3351091.42; 453407.07, 3351065.97; 453425.39, 3351063.44; 453442.62, 3351059.15; 453457.24, 3351067.96;
453455.20, 3351048.81; 453459.35, 3351038.88; 453458.55, 3351022.61; 453468.79, 3351028.07; 453479.38, 3351028.32;
453481.65, 3351022.03; 453488.13, 3351016.90; 453496.35, 3351016.84; 453509.90, 3351018.69; 453515.14, 3350998.97;
453518.96, 3350988.78; 453513.14, 3350983.09; 453523.52, 3350964.71; 453521.52, 3350950.06; 453530.87, 3350939.91;
453531.03, 3350916.53; 453541.83, 3350896.97; 453550.25, 3350901.06; 453554.18, 3350913.84; 453550.50, 3350934.89;
453541.67, 3350949.48; 453545.40, 3350970.71; 453555.76, 3350988.96; 453555.40, 3351003.60; 453550.66, 3351016.29;
453543.61, 3351036.28; 453531.06, 3351038.01; 453520.97, 3351061.03; 453519.56, 3351075.79; 453527.61, 3351090.83;
453541.93, 3351105.82; 453530.48, 3351123.86; 453526.55, 3351134.75; 453515.81, 3351123.51; 453508.38, 3351126.99;
453502.88, 3351152.55; 453502.62, 3351163.12; 453509.93, 3351167.52; 453529.60, 3351160.46; 453537.21, 3351149.66;
453541.05, 3351142.42; 453555.99, 3351131.79; 453560.54, 3351133.85; 453567.88, 3351137.20; 453589.10, 3351128.92;
453600.02, 3351132.85; 453599.58, 3351151.15; 453581.16, 3351157.60; 453569.70, 3351172.41; 453595.20, 3351180.34;
453606.30, 3351176.95; 453610.23, 3351166.05; 453610.41, 3351158.73; 453614.52, 3351140.52; 453613.04, 3351109.74;
453630.16, 3351100.61; 453637.50, 3351100.78; 453652.55, 3351096.94; 453659.33, 3351079.14; 453667.99, 3351053.90;
453666.63, 3351040.20; 453680.62, 3351031.02; 453689.01, 3351038.43; 453705.94, 3351037.47; 453716.32, 3351044.56;
453726.05, 3351036.34; 453744.28, 3351036.58; 453737.36, 3351059.80; 453729.59, 3351085.78; 453723.99, 3351103.88;
453714.19, 3351117.27; 453702.83, 3351131.65; 453698.82, 3351155.13; 453697.00, 3351186.79; 453705.00, 3351193.96;
453720.92, 3351198.14; 453727.28, 3351183.50; 453732.16, 3351177.00; 453729.16, 3351169.40; 453732.67, 3351156.01;
453739.08, 3351150.82; 453757.95, 3351129.30; 453780.31, 3351124.25; 453779.80, 3351112.35; 453789.19, 3351101.87;
453798.84, 3351108.31; 453806.26, 3351104.82; 453810.87, 3351092.48; 453826.85, 3351088.90; 453838.67, 3351076.50;
453847.06, 3351087.49; 453860.52, 3351083.95; 453858.95, 3351105.05; 453870.87, 3351108.98; 453912.75, 3351114.80;
453908.35, 3351122.11; 453893.36, 3351128.07; 453878.61, 3351134.13; 453875.18, 3351139.43; 453873.64, 3351155.08;
453865.09, 3351158.05; 453859.60, 3351166.37; 453867.71, 3351181.37; 453877.22, 3351182.65; 453877.26, 3351205.40;
453866.08, 3351212.46; 453862.15, 3351223.35; 453843.89, 3351219.25; 453840.40, 3351211.85; 453851.93, 3351190.15;
453852.20, 3351179.17; 453843.66, 3351168.11; 453830.93, 3351168.86; 453821.56, 3351176.77; 453816.10, 3351168.50;
453829.12, 3351156.13; 453821.78, 3351152.79; 453813.14, 3351163.48; 453812.54, 3351148.92; 453820.93, 3351144.31;
453816.89, 3351135.76; 453804.14, 3351137.56; 453789.16, 3351143.55; 453783.69, 3351150.82; 453777.03, 3351163.34;
453786.25, 3351173.93; 453786.07, 3351183.64; 453797.70, 3351184.98; 453796.18, 3351203.97; 453810.99, 3351203.47;
453815.94, 3351219.24; 453818.03, 3351225.96; 453838.68, 3351224.74; 453858.30, 3351230.59; 453880.40, 3351227.45;
453906.17, 3351224.41; 453918.44, 3351229.03; 453924.78, 3351213.87; 453926.60, 3351203.46; 453937.24, 3351197.83;
453941.20, 3351209.55; 453950.55, 3351210.82; 453969.07, 3351203.94; 453976.58, 3351196.79; 453980.43, 3351189.56;
453991.70, 3351178.84; 454005.42, 3351182.55; 454020.68, 3351179.16; 454018.85, 3351196.61; 454026.94, 3351212.66;
454038.78, 3351205.61; 454035.25, 3351190.08; 454039.40, 3351179.99; 454047.26, 3351158.20; 454055.13, 3351136.41;
454077.14, 3351136.94; 454088.15, 3351137.21; 454093.16, 3351146.60; 454102.56, 3351152.11; 454117.23, 3351148.89;
454122.61, 3351155.76; 454122.33, 3351167.38; 454135.89, 3351176.16; 454147.64, 3351172.21; 454163.34, 3351179.99;
454152.50, 3351190.30; 454150.08, 3351202.92; 454153.96, 3351217.81; 454149.39, 3351231.44; 454155.90, 3351252.61;
454151.83, 3351262.16; 454158.44, 3351267.07; 454166.31, 3351245.28; 454177.05, 3351226.82; 454185.36, 3351216.44;
454205.74, 3351223.28; 454218.29, 3351220.89; 454229.12, 3351228.47; 454257.45, 3351231.92; 454269.47, 3351229.44;
454276.90, 3351225.96; 454279.11, 3351212.35; 454273.94, 3351196.59; 454268.17, 3351182.50; 454256.12, 3351174.19;
454248.56, 3351160.89; 454260.23, 3351155.97; 454269.01, 3351147.63; 454275.54, 3351140.39; 454289.93, 3351142.03;
454308.10, 3351149.79; 454346.78, 3351173.81; 454344.52, 3351161.65; 454337.54, 3351146.84; 454356.24, 3351132.64;
454370.91, 3351132.99; 454383.06, 3351133.93; 454393.16, 3351050.13; 454259.82, 3351020.46; 454175.97, 3350996.48;
454062.76, 3350971.79; 453927.63, 3350942.92; 453734.15, 3350898.01; 453573.51, 3350861.20; 453456.55, 3350840.09;
453351.02, 3350814.91; 453319.38, 3350808.87; 453284.61, 3350800.63; 453255.17, 3350791.47; 453239.41, 3350785.81;
453240.65, 3350795.13; 453252.80, 3350801.99; 453252.19, 3350827.34; 453240.34, 3350835.51; 453238.90, 3350851.33;
453247.19, 3350858.93; 453257.58, 3350904.44; 453835.77, 3350905.26; 453973.20, 3350936.55; 453981.82, 3350930.42;
453994.73, 3350922.27; 454014.14, 3350907.94; 454040.57, 3350910.68; 454051.65, 3350905.08; 454070.27, 3350909.28;
454079.54, 3350920.07; 454108.94, 3350931.35; 454122.42, 3350943.30; 454130.49, 3350960.40; 454001.89, 3350933.01;
453991.09, 3350941.21; 454110.19, 3350967.31; 454139.71, 3350968.58; 454304.13, 3351008.95; 454388.27, 3351027.14;
454389.15, 3351007.34; 454409.63, 3350998.21; 454434.55, 3351002.88; 454465.72, 3351007.08; 454486.75, 3351012.85;
454489.63, 3351020.21; 454486.81, 3351034.46; 454498.15, 3351051.17; 454742.76, 3351106.18; 454998.00, 3351165.40;
455197.31, 3351203.86; 455211.78, 3351197.08; 455217.88, 3351175.24; 455229.15, 3351164.52; 455243.92, 3351161.21;
455269.42, 3351169.15; 455309.60, 3351177.43; 455316.76, 3351184.93; 455316.78, 3351209.13; 455308.03, 3351220.55;
455302.53, 3351228.87; 455310.51, 3351234.93; 455322.87, 3351236.35; 455704.01, 3351319.87; 456148.85, 3351387.97;
456419.46, 3351431.07; 456428.30, 3351369.03; 456430.63, 3351362.78; 456430.02, 3351338.59; 456424.48, 3351321.01;
456352.66, 3351308.62; 456246.79, 3351284.11; 456176.58, 3351274.11; 456062.92, 3351258.68; 455970.76, 3351241.70;
455830.67, 3351207.69; 455644.19, 3351164.12; 455466.91, 3351134.51; 455231.29, 3351063.33; 455133.43, 3351035.62;
455048.06, 3351016.67; 454963.71, 3350999.85; 454885.53, 3350990.58; 454798.88, 3350981.10; 454731.47, 3350964.69;
454634.86, 3350928.56; 454546.66, 3350917.56; 454464.36, 3350903.31; 454383.22, 3350890.27; 454306.59, 3350877.36;
454225.36, 3350862.73; 454123.01, 3350845.48; 454027.13, 3350823.11; 453939.68, 3350803.05; 453837.42, 3350781.57;
453835.77, 3350905.26; 455298.31, 3351139.98; 455302.68, 3351134.80; 455308.98, 3351137.07; 455304.59, 3351143.30;
455298.31, 3351139.98; 454143.72, 3350909.40; 454135.25, 3350909.20; 454136.48, 3350901.83; 454142.84, 3350901.98;
454143.72, 3350909.40; 454089.94, 3350898.60; 454082.53, 3350898.42; 454083.79, 3350890.00; 454091.18, 3350891.23;
454089.94, 3350898.60; 454036.17, 3350887.80; 454037.38, 3350881.49; 454045.80, 3350883.80; 454044.59, 3350890.12;
454036.12, 3350889.91; 454036.17, 3350887.80; 455261.41, 3351132.76; 455266.83, 3351127.60; 455275.22, 3351130.97;
455267.66, 3351137.14; 455261.41, 3351132.76; 455206.47, 3351126.16; 455206.62, 3351119.82; 455215.17, 3351116.85;

455217.16, 3351122.19; 455211.77, 3351126.28; 455206.47, 3351126.16; 455354.16, 3351152.95; 455359.63, 3351145.68;
455367.97, 3351151.16; 455360.41, 3351157.33; 455354.16, 3351152.95; 453996.99, 3350886.86; 453998.28, 3350877.38;
454008.84, 3350878.69; 454005.41, 3350889.18; 453996.99, 3350886.86; 454871.49, 3351419.62; 454871.23, 3351430.31;
454866.49, 3351437.83; 454884.66, 3351445.59; 454891.91, 3351449.43; 454906.50, 3351453.44; 454924.84, 3351453.88;
454939.60, 3351450.57; 454959.51, 3351443.92; 454978.23, 3351441.60; 454985.01, 3351424.32; 454974.36, 3351420.89;
454980.23, 3351399.31; 454980.01, 3351384.16; 454998.49, 3351389.18; 455013.87, 3351380.62; 455030.67, 3351375.86;
455041.91, 3351371.38; 455040.94, 3351385.97; 455028.71, 3351409.99; 455015.52, 3351429.75; 455003.62, 3351440.04;
455009.77, 3351448.64; 455031.95, 3351451.29; 455026.99, 3351437.43; 455036.80, 3351418.42; 455052.70, 3351418.01;
455050.39, 3351433.76; 455084.74, 3351458.89; 455103.91, 3351455.12; 455114.32, 3351462.77; 455158.84, 3351465.34;
455173.59, 3351465.25; 455199.83, 3351467.79; 455236.04, 3351467.80; 455243.51, 3351463.97; 455258.60, 3351463.77;
455273.98, 3351476.11; 455293.04, 3351485.60; 455297.90, 3351465.10; 455306.20, 3351457.85; 455313.44, 3351465.43;
455310.96, 3351480.16; 455321.35, 3351488.87; 455333.40, 3351472.25; 455347.56, 3351481.75; 455363.81, 3351485.66;
455371.95, 3351499.59; 455374.84, 3351511.29; 455387.35, 3351520.05; 455381.77, 3351531.54; 455383.56, 3351545.32;
455404.70, 3351550.90; 455428.85, 3351561.17; 455466.42, 3351561.49; 455495.81, 3351562.20; 455522.36, 3351564.82;
455557.30, 3351560.53; 455569.73, 3351572.45; 455582.60, 3351587.66; 455658.10, 3351603.74; 455665.53, 3351608.67;
455688.10, 3351618.65; 455720.85, 3351630.42; 455742.69, 3351638.26; 455771.95, 3351642.63; 455793.33, 3351647.01;
455819.65, 3351643.77; 455863.85, 3351637.50; 455887.99, 3351626.69; 455912.77, 3351620.54; 455970.60, 3351611.22;
456003.79, 3351618.88; 456021.77, 3351616.63; 456037.84, 3351623.93; 456051.55, 3351612.05; 456081.88, 3351628.64;
456112.16, 3351639.19; 456131.26, 3351645.67; 456148.88, 3351661.95; 456164.07, 3351670.33; 456178.33, 3351671.11;
456188.89, 3351672.42; 456185.02, 3351649.65; 456188.42, 3351648.10; 456198.90, 3351652.58; 456209.29, 3351648.25;
456220.35, 3351650.90; 456229.21, 3351663.48; 456248.37, 3351658.70; 456258.91, 3351649.84; 456290.20, 3351653.76;
456294.75, 3351676.01; 456313.24, 3351670.56; 456317.05, 3351660.74; 456316.66, 3351644.09; 456317.97, 3351622.71;
456316.08, 3351608.05; 456303.01, 3351596.94; 456301.10, 3351580.69; 456291.11, 3351578.15; 456287.70, 3351567.08;
456295.39, 3351552.62; 456308.39, 3351549.50; 456313.71, 3351548.57; 456329.65, 3351546.84; 456343.53, 3351535.46;
456358.64, 3351517.51; 456374.60, 3351527.83; 456380.04, 3351543.66; 456370.71, 3351557.34; 456357.63, 3351572.88;
456343.61, 3351583.11; 456345.16, 3351606.40; 456341.53, 3351625.34; 456345.28, 3351645.51; 456358.87, 3351660.35;
456358.70, 3351667.67; 456384.38, 3351668.28; 456424.33, 3351669.24; 456426.04, 3351448.96; 456375.17, 3351441.00;
456269.04, 3351427.47; 456027.69, 3351388.73; 455710.94, 3351340.12; 455524.33, 3351301.83; 455128.77, 3351217.05;
454948.99, 3351174.89; 454904.66, 3351164.38; 454896.40, 3351199.07; 454891.99, 3351206.36; 454884.50, 3351209.35;
454868.67, 3351206.86; 454862.99, 3351222.58; 454819.83, 3351210.97; 454820.30, 3351367.66; 454817.20, 3351408.57;
454826.14, 3351416.45; 454856.73, 3351425.89; 454871.49, 3351419.62
(III) NOTE: MAP 2, UNITS 1, 2, AND 3 OF PERDIDO KEY BEACH MOUSE, FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER12OC06.005]
(9) PKBM—UNIT 4: GULF BEACH UNIT, ESCAMBIA COUNTY, FLORIDA.
(I) GENERAL DESCRIPTION: THIS UNIT INCLUDES ESSENTIAL FEATURES OF BEACH MOUSE HABITAT BETWEEN GULF
ISLANDS NATIONAL SEASHORE AND PERDIDO KEY STATE PARK FROM APPROXIMATELY 4 MI (3.2 KM) EAST OF THE
ALABAMA-FLORIDA STATE LINE TO 6 MI (9.6 KM) EAST OF THE STATE LINE AND AREAS FROM THE MHWL NORTH TO THE
SEAWARD EXTENT OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT OR MARITIME FOREST.
(II) COORDINATES: FROM USGS 1:24,000 QUADRANGLE MAP PERDIDO BAY, FLORIDA, LAND BOUNDED BY THE
FOLLOWING UTM 16 NAD 83 COORDINATES (E, N): 457418.45, 3351766.05; 456424.33, 3351669.24; 456454.09, 3351669.95;
456460.85, 3351674.93; 456491.64, 3351678.43; 456523.29, 3351684.34; 456532.43, 3351694.62; 456550.37, 3351698.07;
456566.16, 3351685.76; 456578.84, 3351687.26; 456601.78, 3351691.77; 456612.31, 3351687.85; 456622.42, 3351676.01;
456635.18, 3351673.94; 456644.26, 3351676.53; 456637.88, 3351682.12; 456636.62, 3351690.54; 456647.33, 3351685.52;
456648.56, 3351695.66; 456653.70, 3351696.98; 456671.96, 3351681.16; 456634.44, 3351637.87; 456593.26, 3351588.26;
456571.55, 3351609.94; 456551.71, 3351597.83; 456536.99, 3351593.25; 456516.87, 3351592.77; 456495.54, 3351598.60;
456490.42, 3351591.08; 456473.22, 3351601.24; 456469.17, 3351593.74; 456464.83, 3351597.87; 456459.69, 3351591.40;
456455.40, 3351593.41; 456439.82, 3351580.36; 456444.21, 3351574.12; 456438.99, 3351570.82; 456444.42, 3351565.67;
456432.95, 3351557.99; 456440.54, 3351550.78; 456451.40, 3351547.34; 456442.96, 3351538.15; 456459.10, 3351527.97;
456472.74, 3351533.58; 456496.11, 3351530.97; 456563.03, 3351479.72; 456565.81, 3351469.33; 456524.65, 3351462.80;
456454.15, 3351450.94; 456426.04, 3351448.96; 456424.33, 3351669.24; 456424.48, 3351321.01; 456430.02, 3351338.59;
456430.63, 3351362.78; 456564.50, 3351385.46; 456586.64, 3351390.22; 456587.35, 3351393.63; 456614.78, 3351398.52;
456620.28, 3351390.19; 456648.03, 3351392.74; 456700.47, 3351403.74; 456698.05, 3351416.37; 456719.20, 3351417.93;
456731.86, 3351420.35; 456735.26, 3351410.91; 456769.12, 3351412.78; 456764.43, 3351431.70; 456792.99, 3351433.44;
456800.36, 3351435.73; 456803.68, 3351429.47; 456817.40, 3351431.91; 456821.51, 3351437.29; 456819.91, 3351459.45;
456816.56, 3351466.77; 456807.81, 3351478.19; 456802.34, 3351485.45; 456822.35, 3351490.16; 456824.95, 3351470.14;
456825.56, 3351444.79; 456829.07, 3351431.13; 456847.12, 3351429.45; 456871.67, 3351432.98; 456926.58, 3351440.64;
456935.89, 3351438.97; 456993.19, 3351446.46; 457036.45, 3351453.84; 457029.58, 3351519.21; 457058.09, 3351523.07;
457062.16, 3351486.17; 457070.75, 3351481.09; 457071.02, 3351459.12; 457090.30, 3351461.47; 457117.56, 3351462.35;
457118.42, 3351470.83; 457156.38, 3351478.08; 457159.02, 3351467.35; 457184.62, 3351466.08; 457211.91, 3351471.07;
457248.66, 3351473.95; 457246.95, 3351489.05; 457264.52, 3351491.54; 457266.87, 3351480.21; 457284.42, 3351483.74;
457291.68, 3351483.91; 457294.59, 3351492.26; 457302.89, 3351492.46; 457305.08, 3351487.34; 457316.46, 3351488.64;
457313.72, 3351499.82; 457314.58, 3351508.30; 457335.68, 3351511.97; 457334.42, 3351520.40; 457340.82, 3351518.44;
457358.23, 3351520.69; 457357.79, 3351495.84; 457374.33, 3351498.31; 457365.85, 3351534.89; 457357.33, 3351536.80;
457356.06, 3351556.63; 457352.57, 3351569.23; 457366.02, 3351571.89; 457374.68, 3351520.31; 457378.89, 3351521.46;
457371.32, 3351572.02; 457390.27, 3351576.70; 457392.90, 3351555.62; 457384.51, 3351552.25; 457386.00, 3351534.32;
457427.14, 3351541.65; 457419.82, 3351581.64; 457503.24, 3351593.15; 457502.54, 3351578.33; 457493.19, 3351570.71;
457489.28, 3351556.88; 457496.90, 3351548.60; 457490.70, 3351542.11; 457494.15, 3351530.57; 457516.29, 3351535.33;
457522.54, 3351539.70; 457550.02, 3351542.48; 457561.82, 3351536.42; 457569.00, 3351546.10; 457585.95, 3351546.51;
457608.18, 3351547.04; 457616.73, 3351544.07; 457628.28, 3351548.58; 457709.53, 3351562.15; 457727.48, 3351564.70;
457727.15, 3351578.43; 457725.96, 3351583.69; 457755.51, 3351588.62; 457753.46, 3351629.80; 457764.00, 3351632.16;
457766.35, 3351578.31; 457755.81, 3351575.95; 457758.24, 3351563.32; 457770.94, 3351563.62; 457769.22, 3351591.06;
457783.04, 3351589.28; 457786.39, 3351581.96; 457793.86, 3351580.03; 457799.23, 3351576.99; 457802.28, 3351582.34;
457810.33, 3351577.46; 457814.88, 3351586.87; 457823.48, 3351581.79; 457830.71, 3351589.37; 457845.54, 3351589.72;
457848.64, 3351592.97; 457860.21, 3351596.42; 457863.51, 3351591.21; 457872.99, 3351593.55; 457870.52, 3351608.29;
457869.13, 3351622.00; 457865.32, 3351648.33; 457872.70, 3351649.57; 457874.60, 3351614.73; 457878.39, 3351589.45;
457895.26, 3351593.03; 457911.06, 3351596.58; 457907.40, 3351616.57; 457903.44, 3351649.24; 457909.69, 3351653.62;
457963.51, 3351662.31; 457967.26, 3351616.41; 457969.22, 3351601.14; 458060.19, 3351607.55; 458063.47, 3351597.71;

458097.45, 3351599.99; 458086.80, 3351646.24; 458133.51, 3351653.48; 458139.17, 3351627.41; 458146.71, 3351622.31;
458155.10, 3351625.68; 458187.98, 3351624.35; 458210.11, 3351629.11; 458212.93, 3351643.98; 458210.46, 3351658.72;
458241.12, 3351661.56; 458247.49, 3351660.66; 458260.18, 3351662.02; 458273.89, 3351664.46; 458303.41, 3351670.46;
458301.06, 3351646.92; 458325.37, 3351649.62; 458340.85, 3351655.50; 458353.41, 3351662.14; 458367.17, 3351662.47;
458376.80, 3351658.47; 458389.46, 3351660.89; 458391.78, 3351652.49; 458403.35, 3351655.94; 458406.35, 3351663.41;
458434.76, 3351671.49; 458437.74, 3351680.02; 458479.08, 3351678.89; 458516.02, 3351685.06; 458529.55, 3351694.90;
458538.02, 3351695.11; 458546.60, 3351691.08; 458576.44, 3351694.74; 458581.31, 3351701.43; 458589.58, 3351710.08;
458637.43, 3351709.74; 458676.63, 3351711.18; 458739.60, 3351712.15; 458741.86, 3351730.19; 458756.78, 3351731.19;
458774.55, 3351725.40; 458787.91, 3351730.90; 458801.31, 3351734.33; 458804.24, 3351741.64; 458811.62, 3351745.25;
458821.07, 3351748.65; 458835.16, 3351749.33; 458843.17, 3351754.73; 458850.74, 3351762.39; 458853.87, 3351772.42;
458862.55, 3351776.16; 458874.82, 3351776.89; 458884.32, 3351778.31; 458896.58, 3351780.58; 458902.29, 3351774.38;
458911.71, 3351779.36; 458911.75, 3351794.03; 458909.02, 3351808.63; 458907.68, 3351817.66; 458910.73, 3351823.02;
458921.35, 3351824.38; 458928.70, 3351824.51; 458931.50, 3351815.51; 458934.42, 3351763.34; 458954.48, 3351765.94;
458958.85, 3351760.76; 458989.40, 3351767.83; 459010.48, 3351772.56; 459015.02, 3351759.99; 459080.48, 3351773.10;
459120.76, 3351780.28; 459145.81, 3351784.26; 459188.94, 3351792.26; 459218.91, 3351797.12; 459236.51, 3351798.58;
459235.30, 3351805.79; 459244.63, 3351806.02; 459245.24, 3351823.63; 459268.75, 3351826.32; 459293.03, 3351832.50;
459313.02, 3351835.84; 459337.20, 3351839.28; 459331.34, 3351866.93; 459352.08, 3351871.97; 459360.89, 3351846.06;
459379.43, 3351851.68; 459373.67, 3351875.35; 459398.83, 3351880.17; 459402.12, 3351857.40; 459421.77, 3351859.94;
459427.96, 3351861.13; 459445.51, 3351864.65; 459441.85, 3351887.33; 459466.59, 3351894.14; 459470.25, 3351871.45;
459491.87, 3351878.18; 459494.07, 3351873.06; 459514.71, 3351877.69; 459511.99, 3351861.07; 459522.41, 3351859.25;
459537.96, 3351859.62; 459545.22, 3351859.80; 459572.33, 3351854.24; 459589.44, 3351851.93; 459605.58, 3351851.93;
459622.15, 3351853.36; 459635.52, 3351857.82; 459645.87, 3351859.10; 459651.96, 3351864.43; 459657.25, 3351880.07;
459658.58, 3351848.02; 459574.09, 3351824.26; 459385.17, 3351785.58; 459270.46, 3351767.31; 459167.89, 3351749.83;
459032.84, 3351726.42; 458956.05, 3351714.64; 458903.74, 3351702.63; 458835.68, 3351685.47; 458781.01, 3351679.79;
458679.09, 3351666.62; 458544.51, 3351645.58; 458415.74, 3351625.58; 458289.18, 3351601.41; 458088.68, 3351568.07;
457983.13, 3351551.80; 457839.55, 3351530.39; 457720.33, 3351509.56; 457584.17, 3351488.33; 457400.43, 3351462.79;
457164.03, 3351424.36; 457037.43, 3351402.30; 456936.11, 3351386.13; 456862.21, 3351374.85; 456750.30, 3351358.43;
456606.63, 3351341.24; 456424.48, 3351321.01; 456567.34, 3351537.94; 456569.21, 3351542.74; 456569.90, 3351547.12;
456572.61, 3351549.96; 456620.68, 3351604.45; 456671.15, 3351662.58; 456680.02, 3351659.95; 456681.47, 3351665.53;
456689.38, 3351666.91; 456696.94, 3351666.70; 456704.21, 3351661.72; 456709.69, 3351665.02; 456715.11, 3351671.10;
456737.47, 3351683.13; 456736.02, 3351693.79; 456726.44, 3351700.09; 456724.07, 3351711.35; 456735.32, 3351706.07;
456740.43, 3351714.96; 456739.22, 3351722.17; 456744.31, 3351726.44; 456743.15, 3351731.58; 456732.78, 3351731.33;
456737.79, 3351738.70; 456750.30, 3351735.89; 456754.15, 3351748.41; 456772.82, 3351754.06; 456784.31, 3351760.67;
456799.27, 3351770.19; 456792.35, 3351785.63; 456775.66, 3351788.32; 456801.19, 3351816.68; 456835.61, 3351855.95;
456879.65, 3351907.74; 456882.22, 3351901.55; 456899.30, 3351900.29; 456910.25, 3351891.04; 456923.48, 3351895.22;
456920.88, 3351915.24; 456926.37, 3351920.20; 456939.85, 3351920.52; 456950.24, 3351925.63; 456969.26, 3351932.09;
456991.95, 3351911.66; 457010.15, 3351903.64; 457031.15, 3351911.54; 457040.91, 3351902.26; 457047.30, 3351908.03;
457056.45, 3351903.65; 457068.67, 3351913.26; 457078.01, 3351907.32; 457136.99, 3351916.19; 457160.11, 3351924.15;
457208.74, 3351928.48; 457223.55, 3351929.13; 457254.30, 3351928.52; 457286.00, 3351930.26; 457302.42, 3351929.17;
457368.29, 3351934.61; 457422.58, 3351935.78; 457432.26, 3351929.61; 457449.05, 3351936.35; 457492.39, 3351940.56;
457522.11, 3351938.10; 457548.46, 3351944.02; 457576.65, 3351949.09; 457602.53, 3351945.84; 457609.72, 3351951.83;
457622.55, 3351946.85; 457643.68, 3351949.47; 457653.32, 3351960.86; 457675.77, 3351952.68; 457691.95, 3351957.03;
457704.42, 3351950.99; 457729.54, 3351947.23; 457742.88, 3351937.64; 457756.86, 3351934.41; 457770.55, 3351942.85;
457784.73, 3351931.90; 457793.32, 3351938.45; 457798.29, 3351946.50; 457816.18, 3351939.72; 457831.16, 3351933.73;
457836.20, 3351944.42; 457847.96, 3351946.10; 457860.03, 3351940.05; 457875.85, 3351942.81; 457883.56, 3351936.25;
457898.14, 3351938.36; 457910.91, 3351932.37; 457927.28, 3351934.02; 457937.42, 3351932.38; 457951.32, 3351931.45;
457965.86, 3351930.54; 457978.43, 3351932.73; 457985.49, 3351927.86; 457997.42, 3351930.67; 458014.36, 3351934.85;
458029.83, 3351944.00; 458239.05, 3351933.99; 458242.51, 3351790.33; 458263.59, 3351795.06; 458267.45, 3351766.61;
458254.77, 3351765.25; 458259.54, 3351743.17; 458264.91, 3351740.13; 458269.56, 3351723.33; 458128.10, 3351701.97;
458129.91, 3351714.69; 458129.71, 3351723.15; 458126.33, 3351731.52; 458121.03, 3351731.39; 458116.59, 3351739.74;
458115.41, 3351745.00; 458117.37, 3351751.39; 458117.22, 3351757.73; 458107.65, 3351762.21; 458095.18, 3351762.94;
458075.53, 3351762.24; 458064.97, 3351760.93; 458063.00, 3351754.54; 458055.64, 3351752.25; 458038.85, 3351745.51;
458037.56, 3351754.99; 458040.57, 3351772.80; 458051.11, 3351775.17; 458050.96, 3351781.51; 458040.34, 3351782.31;
458040.06, 3351793.93; 458034.43, 3351823.08; 458026.43, 3351821.31; 458000.03, 3351822.42; 458000.51, 3351828.73;
458021.51, 3351847.49; 458018.93, 3351849.95; 457997.25, 3351833.06; 457983.94, 3351835.26; 457980.63, 3351841.48;
457968.03, 3351840.55; 457967.64, 3351830.46; 457953.15, 3351829.48; 457953.00, 3351809.33; 457944.96, 3351802.84;
457929.08, 3351806.87; 457914.74, 3351806.78; 457849.67, 3351813.90; 457836.04, 3351808.29; 457838.81, 3351780.88;
457838.29, 3351758.67; 457836.60, 3351725.78; 457844.56, 3351659.38; 457813.95, 3351654.42; 457807.99, 3351681.76;
457805.60, 3351693.33; 457796.04, 3351694.16; 457798.99, 3351703.74; 457796.64, 3351713.20; 457780.78, 3351711.76;
457779.15, 3351691.64; 457782.71, 3351675.87; 457787.58, 3351649.56; 457696.16, 3351638.68; 457687.30, 3351704.09;
457655.01, 3351699.24; 457661.93, 3351631.75; 457602.81, 3351622.94; 457592.79, 3351687.17; 457513.60, 3351675.76;
457512.90, 3351660.95; 457476.02, 3351652.67; 457475.68, 3351633.03; 457481.49, 3351627.28; 457484.69, 3351605.11;
457384.89, 3351592.01; 457387.79, 3351603.58; 457382.07, 3351610.18; 457373.34, 3351609.57; 457367.91, 3351604.29;
457370.05, 3351597.60; 457375.76, 3351591.79; 457349.25, 3351587.20; 457286.76, 3351575.39; 457234.66, 3351568.45;
457231.91, 3351596.33; 457228.01, 3351629.35; 457226.08, 3351636.57; 457216.42, 3351635.73; 457203.02, 3351632.89;
457193.63, 3351614.04; 457180.74, 3351610.62; 457183.31, 3351589.99; 457198.81, 3351592.43; 457203.61, 3351565.63;
457160.31, 3351554.25; 457159.05, 3351563.53; 457119.80, 3351556.38; 457114.27, 3351570.74; 457111.72, 3351590.34;
457092.07, 3351587.80; 457082.71, 3351588.61; 457052.79, 3351581.68; 457053.19, 3351565.13; 457063.54, 3351566.42;
457067.22, 3351542.70; 456989.71, 3351530.49; 456978.83, 3351594.40; 456927.16, 3351585.92; 456933.74, 3351528.12;
456879.98, 3351520.62; 456872.46, 3351574.26; 456849.58, 3351576.82; 456828.87, 3351575.29; 456812.35, 3351571.78;
456779.25, 3351567.89; 456751.30, 3351565.15; 456715.12, 3351560.14; 456726.09, 3351492.10; 456701.28, 3351488.40;
456689.39, 3351551.24; 456669.60, 3351554.91; 456657.20, 3351552.54; 456642.81, 3351547.02; 456622.15, 3351543.42;
456631.53, 3351479.23; 456578.06, 3351472.40; 456569.40, 3351518.17; 456567.50, 3351531.21; 456567.34, 3351537.94;
456750.73, 3351718.31; 456750.35, 3351709.20; 456757.50, 3351692.72; 456761.31, 3351682.91; 456770.19, 3351685.66;
456775.57, 3351677.51; 456790.51, 3351674.88; 456802.70, 3351663.29; 456818.67, 3351660.10; 456827.69, 3351667.37;
456832.70, 3351674.73; 456829.46, 3351679.83; 456813.93, 3351678.42; 456810.60, 3351687.66; 456812.50, 3351694.95;
456815.43, 3351702.27; 456804.97, 3351706.15; 456798.50, 3351716.35; 456807.60, 3351725.88; 456814.89, 3351725.02;
456830.51, 3351722.29; 456842.09, 3351715.32; 456854.66, 3351710.45; 456849.60, 3351705.15; 456858.08, 3351689.98;
456863.42, 3351699.22; 456871.60, 3351689.51; 456887.38, 3351694.25; 456887.23, 3351700.59; 456897.06, 3351704.79;
456909.63, 3351710.64; 456917.29, 3351706.06; 456922.98, 3351700.65; 456929.11, 3351693.66; 456942.06, 3351700.32;
456958.19, 3351707.04; 456998.17, 3351713.15; 457019.55, 3351716.44; 457011.86, 3351730.78; 457009.53, 3351741.07;

457015.20, 3351755.81; 457015.23, 3351762.94; 457005.70, 3351770.99; 457003.35, 3351782.32; 456998.81, 3351793.67;
456982.29, 3351795.27; 456976.37, 3351782.71; 456957.72, 3351775.40; 456957.51, 3351783.85; 456949.04, 3351783.64;
456946.07, 3351775.12; 456940.49, 3351774.04; 456926.23, 3351772.11; 456912.86, 3351766.24; 456903.25, 3351760.26;
456891.75, 3351764.12; 456884.20, 3351768.72; 456873.96, 3351764.91; 456858.79, 3351767.72; 456846.32, 3351757.51;
456821.16, 3351763.25; 456815.80, 3351754.80; 456804.99, 3351758.11; 456792.61, 3351745.19; 456781.13, 3351748.02;
456770.10, 3351746.80; 456765.68, 3351743.51; 456764.74, 3351739.35; 456757.64, 3351732.97; 456750.73, 3351718.31;
457025.35, 3351773.53; 457022.49, 3351763.11; 457022.71, 3351753.80; 457028.48, 3351741.23; 457036.59, 3351729.87;
457053.45, 3351733.45; 457058.67, 3351736.74; 457058.39, 3351748.36; 457064.69, 3351750.63; 457065.91, 3351744.31;
457075.49, 3351742.43; 457077.43, 3351749.87; 457084.99, 3351743.71; 457090.29, 3351743.84; 457091.17, 3351751.26;
457100.77, 3351748.32; 457109.29, 3351746.41; 457110.20, 3351752.77; 457117.71, 3351748.73; 457116.71, 3351746.59;
457128.40, 3351744.75; 457132.46, 3351752.25; 457139.02, 3351743.95; 457137.03, 3351738.62; 457146.63, 3351735.68;
457157.27, 3351733.82; 457163.48, 3351740.31; 457177.11, 3351745.92; 457200.20, 3351737.81; 457216.70, 3351729.96;
457227.49, 3351721.76; 457238.28, 3351713.56; 457244.61, 3351714.77; 457247.43, 3351729.64; 457259.35, 3351744.57;
457272.94, 3351752.30; 457282.32, 3351758.86; 457286.27, 3351770.58; 457280.17, 3351777.99; 457283.82, 3351784.27;
457291.03, 3351792.89; 457292.13, 3351799.60; 457278.53, 3351802.26; 457273.99, 3351814.83; 457264.53, 3351811.43;
457256.06, 3351811.23; 457256.24, 3351803.84; 457269.37, 3351796.09; 457247.19, 3351783.54; 457239.65, 3351788.64;
457223.74, 3351789.32; 457216.43, 3351784.91; 457211.34, 3351776.34; 457204.76, 3351785.69; 457196.26, 3351786.55;
457189.13, 3351774.75; 457204.08, 3351769.82; 457217.95, 3351765.92; 457222.36, 3351758.63; 457224.66, 3351751.29;
457199.98, 3351764.44; 457192.67, 3351760.03; 457179.83, 3351765.01; 457170.25, 3351766.90; 457180.56, 3351778.77;
457177.08, 3351791.37; 457171.91, 3351785.96; 457160.11, 3351792.02; 457142.19, 3351788.42; 457123.08, 3351790.08;
457108.35, 3351785.50; 457091.39, 3351786.15; 457072.30, 3351786.75; 457067.49, 3351796.11; 457053.59, 3351795.77;
457041.84, 3351788.75; 457029.00, 3351777.74; 457025.35, 3351773.53; 457066.77, 3351698.78; 457062.96, 3351690.78;
457066.12, 3351683.93; 457073.17, 3351682.12; 457081.08, 3351686.15; 457084.84, 3351696.25; 457088.74, 3351700.30;
457093.70, 3351702.39; 457098.55, 3351708.44; 457093.12, 3351714.31; 457083.56, 3351715.14; 457072.51, 3351709.80;
457066.58, 3351706.69; 457066.77, 3351698.78; 457186.40, 3351712.32; 457184.48, 3351703.82; 457185.80, 3351693.28;
457192.25, 3351689.21; 457204.83, 3351694.79; 457215.24, 3351702.44; 457219.38, 3351706.77; 457218.16, 3351713.08;
457210.63, 3351718.18; 457202.08, 3351721.15; 457193.63, 3351719.89; 457193.76, 3351714.61; 457186.40, 3351712.32;
457724.53, 3351847.82; 457722.64, 3351838.27; 457728.19, 3351827.83; 457743.49, 3351834.39; 457761.49, 3351834.82;
457770.53, 3351844.78; 457781.14, 3351843.97; 457792.33, 3351848.39; 457813.45, 3351851.01; 457817.84, 3351844.77;
457803.19, 3351837.03; 457789.18, 3351837.21; 457784.18, 3351834.46; 457793.57, 3351830.51; 457806.60, 3351827.59;
457823.59, 3351825.89; 457834.99, 3351836.73; 457843.30, 3351843.27; 457836.90, 3351845.23; 457832.66, 3351845.13;
457836.75, 3351851.57; 457849.48, 3351850.82; 457855.58, 3351861.53; 457853.03, 3351879.44; 457850.38, 3351895.03;
457846.85, 3351898.17; 457833.05, 3351898.90; 457828.90, 3351895.63; 457821.44, 3351892.75; 457816.62, 3351894.62;
457812.23, 3351901.72; 457807.94, 3351903.73; 457800.43, 3351890.66; 457793.20, 3351893.66; 457786.09, 3351887.35;
457778.12, 3351892.30; 457770.56, 3351893.51; 457761.61, 3351892.05; 457760.70, 3351885.69; 457754.53, 3351878.14;
457743.21, 3351864.13; 457734.81, 3351860.75; 457724.53, 3351847.82; 457941.53, 3351871.07; 457936.47, 3351861.44;
457939.85, 3351853.06; 457948.32, 3351853.26; 457954.54, 3351858.70; 457965.26, 3351853.67; 457969.65, 3351847.43;
457981.29, 3351847.71; 457987.67, 3351846.81; 457987.47, 3351855.26; 457987.29, 3351862.65; 457984.94, 3351872.11;
457983.71, 3351879.48; 457979.27, 3351887.83; 457972.81, 3351891.90; 457967.60, 3351888.61; 457970.87, 3351884.46;
457967.88, 3351876.99; 457963.59, 3351879.00; 457963.36, 3351888.50; 457959.12, 3351888.40; 457957.13, 3351883.07;
457958.40, 3351874.64; 457961.73, 3351868.38; 457959.68, 3351865.16; 457950.13, 3351865.99; 457941.53, 3351871.07;
458438.95, 3351948.30; 458477.07, 3351949.21; 458477.25, 3351941.82; 458466.13, 3351919.35; 458537.67, 3351929.75;
458533.96, 3351819.73; 458490.00, 3351797.54; 458444.87, 3351779.55; 458442.47, 3351890.25; 458438.95, 3351948.30;
458928.83, 3352050.66; 458933.02, 3352052.88; 458937.36, 3352048.76; 458941.57, 3352049.91; 458947.01, 3352043.70;
458953.37, 3352043.85; 458959.85, 3352038.72; 458965.09, 3352040.96; 458965.04, 3352043.08; 458964.94, 3352047.30;
458969.07, 3352051.63; 458977.59, 3352049.72; 458983.92, 3352050.93; 458988.16, 3352051.03; 458993.45, 3352051.16;
458996.53, 3352055.46; 458999.78, 3352052.37; 459006.13, 3352052.52; 459013.52, 3352053.75; 459020.96, 3352052.87;
459021.06, 3352048.65; 459025.40, 3352044.52; 459031.70, 3352046.79; 459030.43, 3352055.21; 459034.67, 3352055.32;
459040.97, 3352057.58; 459040.82, 3352063.92; 459032.22, 3352069.00; 459023.65, 3352073.02; 459017.32, 3352071.81;
459010.94, 3352072.72; 459006.60, 3352076.84; 459003.35, 3352079.93; 458996.97, 3352080.84; 458989.54, 3352081.72;
458983.26, 3352078.39; 458975.74, 3352082.44; 458971.56, 3352080.23; 458965.31, 3352075.85; 458968.51, 3352074.87;
458970.73, 3352070.70; 458962.26, 3352070.49; 458959.06, 3352071.47; 458954.80, 3352072.43; 458947.38, 3352072.25;
458944.28, 3352069.00; 458936.80, 3352072.00; 458932.53, 3352072.95; 458931.17, 3352085.60; 458938.48, 3352090.01;
458944.88, 3352088.04; 458952.35, 3352086.11; 458959.73, 3352087.34; 458961.73, 3352092.68; 458963.74, 3352096.95;
458966.92, 3352097.03; 458973.40, 3352091.90; 458978.72, 3352090.97; 458983.99, 3352092.15; 458991.50, 3352088.10;
458994.65, 3352089.24; 459000.90, 3352093.62; 459010.46, 3352092.79; 459019.96, 3352094.07; 459021.12, 3352089.87;
459021.20, 3352086.70; 459027.45, 3352091.08; 459034.91, 3352089.15; 459040.31, 3352085.05; 459049.97, 3352079.99;
459056.30, 3352081.20; 459062.52, 3352086.64; 459068.77, 3352091.01; 459075.36, 3352081.66; 459083.83, 3352081.86;
459094.47, 3352080.00; 459107.12, 3352082.42; 459112.44, 3352081.49; 459126.16, 3352083.93; 459129.28, 3352086.12;
459130.19, 3352092.49; 459137.52, 3352095.83; 459143.77, 3352100.21; 459145.71, 3352107.66; 459157.39, 3352106.88;
459168.00, 3352106.08; 459173.22, 3352109.37; 459179.65, 3352106.36; 459192.36, 3352106.66; 459208.29, 3352104.93;
459225.15, 3352108.50; 459239.90, 3352112.03; 459241.87, 3352118.42; 459244.97, 3352121.66; 459255.28, 3352133.54;
459250.89, 3352139.77; 459247.53, 3352147.09; 459233.74, 3352147.82; 459210.40, 3352149.37; 459148.88, 3352152.13;
459134.06, 3352151.77; 459123.42, 3352153.63; 459111.74, 3352154.41; 459103.20, 3352157.37; 459095.76, 3352158.25;
459087.26, 3352159.11; 459073.42, 3352161.94; 459063.84, 3352163.83; 459062.60, 3352171.20; 459069.73, 3352183.00;
459067.49, 3352188.23; 459058.94, 3352191.19; 459057.45, 3352209.13; 459062.52, 3352218.76; 459062.29, 3352228.27;
459055.81, 3352233.40; 459053.13, 3352256.59; 459074.25, 3352259.21; 459084.82, 3352260.52; 459084.03, 3352293.27;
459082.79, 3352300.64; 459089.14, 3352300.79; 459096.58, 3352299.91; 459105.10, 3352298.00; 459110.42, 3352297.07;
459121.99, 3352300.52; 459129.43, 3352299.64; 459132.74, 3352294.43; 459144.46, 3352291.54; 459155.05, 3352291.80;
459163.49, 3352293.06; 459166.82, 3352199.06; 459167.15, 3352185.33; 459179.91, 3352183.52; 459194.73, 3352183.88;
459209.66, 3352180.01; 459223.42, 3352180.34; 459237.09, 3352184.89; 459255.01, 3352188.49; 459266.74, 3352185.60;
459280.55, 3352183.82; 459291.89, 3352196.78; 459548.55, 3352186.02; 459549.82, 3352220.93; 459630.30, 3352222.86;
459651.00, 3352185.21; 459649.57, 3352006.10; 459637.64, 3352006.35; 459626.47, 3352019.28; 459619.86, 3352029.70;
459617.49, 3352040.21; 459630.95, 3352053.22; 459630.59, 3352068.00; 459630.18, 3352084.91; 459621.51, 3352093.15;
459612.84, 3352101.40; 459611.50, 3352113.00; 459619.71, 3352123.76; 459622.38, 3352144.97; 459613.65, 3352155.33;
459622.80, 3352171.40; 459623.48, 3352187.27; 459625.56, 3352199.49; 459615.83, 3352207.91; 459558.63, 3352207.40;
459557.30, 3352174.60; 459486.30, 3352175.01; 459487.23, 3352180.32; 459374.79, 3352186.08; 459295.35, 3352185.23;
459290.23, 3352177.71; 459287.34, 3352166.02; 459295.83, 3352165.16; 459295.08, 3352152.46; 459279.22, 3352151.02;
459279.50, 3352139.40; 459259.36, 3352139.98; 459259.46, 3352135.75; 459258.13, 3352102.95; 459238.04, 3352101.41;
459224.38, 3352096.86; 459186.21, 3352098.06; 459153.30, 3352100.44; 459150.28, 3352094.03; 459149.65, 3352076.04;
459144.49, 3352070.63; 459133.82, 3352073.55; 459124.27, 3352074.38; 459115.97, 3352066.78; 459105.28, 3352070.75;

459099.03, 3352066.37; 459100.27, 3352059.00; 459103.47, 3352058.02; 459103.55, 3352054.85; 459107.89, 3352050.73;
459100.50, 3352049.49; 459103.80, 3352044.29; 459091.07, 3352045.04; 459092.77, 3352018.66; 459091.83, 3352013.35;
459071.72, 3352012.87; 459052.66, 3352012.41; 459053.64, 3352015.60; 459036.67, 3352016.25; 459027.12, 3352017.08;
459006.90, 3352020.83; 459003.77, 3352018.64; 458997.37, 3352020.60; 458989.95, 3352020.42; 458985.77, 3352018.21;
458983.73, 3352014.99; 458981.61, 3352014.94; 458979.36, 3352020.17; 458964.54, 3352019.81; 458963.33, 3352026.12;
458960.20, 3352023.93; 458959.25, 3352019.68; 458952.84, 3352021.64; 458945.25, 3352028.86; 458933.32, 3352040.20;
458928.83, 3352050.66
(10) PKBM—UNIT 5: GULF ISLANDS NATIONAL SEASHORE, ESCAMBIA COUNTY, FLORIDA.
(I) GENERAL DESCRIPTION: THIS UNIT ENCOMPASSES ESSENTIAL FEATURES OF BEACH MOUSE HABITAT WITHIN THE
BOUNDARY OF GULF ISLANDS NATIONAL SEASHORE-PERDIDO KEY AREA (ALSO REFERRED TO AS JOHNSON BEACH)
FROM APPROXIMATELY 6 MI (9.6 KM) EAST OF THE ALABAMA-FLORIDA STATE LINE TO THE EASTERN TIP OF PERDIDO KEY
AT PENSACOLA BAY AND THE AREA FROM THE MHWL NORTH TO THE SEAWARD EXTENT OF THE MARITIME FOREST.
(II) COORDINATES: FROM USGS 1:24,000 QUADRANGLE MAP PERDIDO BAY, AND FORT BARRANCAS, FLORIDA, LAND
BOUNDED BY THE FOLLOWING UTM 16 NAD 83 COORDINATES (E, N): 464806.54, 3353248.09; 460167.32, 3352161.40;
460112.98, 3352141.46; 460076.54, 3352115.69; 460062.15, 3352097.38; 460032.76, 3352041.24; 460015.51, 3352024.29;
459999.54, 3352012.96; 459981.75, 3352007.62; 459961.62, 3352003.59; 459912.92, 3352002.90; 459885.33, 3352003.88;
459852.28, 3352012.60; 459823.72, 3352011.33; 459799.52, 3352004.41; 459708.84, 3352005.84; 459649.57, 3352006.10;
459651.00, 3352185.21; 459662.18, 3352177.93; 459676.32, 3352192.77; 459689.75, 3352206.83; 459690.56, 3352217.42;
459692.37, 3352230.15; 459701.27, 3352237.54; 459706.13, 3352230.01; 459707.87, 3352201.51; 459715.92, 3352173.67;
459726.90, 3352160.16; 459735.50, 3352155.08; 459753.65, 3352157.93; 459766.21, 3352155.82; 459768.17, 3352162.20;
459764.82, 3352169.52; 459771.02, 3352176.01; 459828.76, 3352173.60; 459847.49, 3352187.53; 459859.01, 3352171.16;
459890.74, 3352190.15; 459920.71, 3352199.20; 459961.02, 3352208.09; 459971.68, 3352244.02; 459986.72, 3352263.01;
459997.45, 3352279.12; 460011.09, 3352290.15; 460029.75, 3352290.60; 460041.81, 3352284.94; 460057.73, 3352267.49;
460066.23, 3352260.95; 460062.89, 3352234.71; 460077.34, 3352228.32; 460081.35, 3352243.48; 460099.25, 3352242.72;
460115.14, 3352209.80; 460127.02, 3352244.18; 460142.28, 3352237.41; 460142.29, 3352204.11; 460168.97, 3352186.72;
460167.32, 3352161.40; 464469.51, 3353268.58; 464465.93, 3353285.40; 464478.53, 3353289.94; 464496.58, 3353288.25;
464510.32, 3353289.64; 464517.47, 3353298.91; 464527.19, 3353293.22; 464538.68, 3353299.84; 464546.16, 3353303.93;
464551.08, 3353312.82; 464565.02, 3353310.56; 464583.88, 3353314.66; 464589.59, 3353306.59; 464608.58, 3353309.82;
464615.42, 3353324.93; 464620.04, 3353309.19; 464628.67, 3353300.39; 464636.93, 3353311.71; 464636.67, 3353322.27;
464655.48, 3353333.29; 464659.38, 3353347.13; 464669.74, 3353356.89; 464682.24, 3353365.65; 464695.60, 3353375.33;
464707.71, 3353364.14; 464724.85, 3353364.93; 464739.01, 3353370.82; 464756.44, 3353364.26; 464776.94, 3353348.89;
464801.65, 3353334.69; 464829.75, 3353355.45; 464822.89, 3353376.42; 464829.74, 3353397.97; 464852.31, 3353417.54;
464891.50, 3353430.92; 464926.62, 3353424.36; 464974.63, 3353410.72; 464999.13, 3353408.38; 465012.11, 3353413.85;
465010.83, 3353420.05; 465000.19, 3353421.91; 464993.74, 3353425.98; 464995.65, 3353434.49; 465008.36, 3353434.79;
465021.06, 3353435.10; 465024.37, 3353429.89; 465041.54, 3353420.79; 465063.75, 3353422.38; 465082.96, 3353416.50;
465106.39, 3353425.23; 465141.26, 3353442.20; 465160.15, 3353448.04; 465168.69, 3353447.09; 465177.29, 3353442.01;
465185.03, 3353428.46; 465205.15, 3353428.94; 465204.97, 3353436.33; 465190.44, 3353465.70; 465196.28, 3353470.59;
465200.62, 3353488.14; 465210.45, 3353476.09; 465228.25, 3353481.29; 465248.17, 3353476.99; 465264.92, 3353474.62;
465275.80, 3353483.04; 465282.37, 3353492.08; 465273.30, 3353505.74; 465268.06, 3353517.13; 465275.24, 3353526.82;
465280.25, 3353538.57; 465288.65, 3353541.94; 465301.66, 3353529.57; 465291.53, 3353510.30; 465320.61, 3353504.50;
465337.73, 3353507.58; 465349.22, 3353520.64; 465369.60, 3353515.98; 465371.35, 3353493.03; 465389.63, 3353492.68;
465403.76, 3353478.50; 465410.11, 3353483.66; 465424.43, 3353499.46; 465432.40, 3353517.01; 465421.97, 3353554.02;
465446.44, 3353560.55; 465460.12, 3353553.75; 465473.41, 3353546.14; 465472.56, 3353531.85; 465491.26, 3353530.71;
465488.14, 3353544.91; 465502.26, 3353552.38; 465526.05, 3353554.54; 465528.75, 3353541.35; 465539.57, 3353532.10;
465549.66, 3353530.93; 465562.07, 3353543.51; 465577.77, 3353553.20; 465591.54, 3353573.52; 465614.86, 3353573.02;
465627.17, 3353545.83; 465643.21, 3353539.88; 465664.99, 3353559.42; 465683.61, 3353577.84; 465708.18, 3353596.97;
465732.10, 3353610.22; 465732.23, 3353626.57; 465741.66, 3353631.03; 465751.75, 3353619.02; 465770.44, 3353618.28;
465776.68, 3353628.70; 465775.84, 3353641.40; 465782.27, 3353654.63; 465791.78, 3353639.40; 465791.73, 3353619.55;
465797.08, 3353617.56; 465812.32, 3353628.01; 465834.71, 3353638.55; 465850.03, 3353645.96; 465870.63, 3353642.58;
465891.18, 3353652.89; 465915.82, 3353652.29; 465926.83, 3353640.76; 465938.27, 3353649.49; 465952.32, 3353638.20;
465959.91, 3353630.99; 465971.40, 3353637.60; 465981.19, 3353627.27; 465991.98, 3353619.07; 466001.48, 3353620.36;
466013.65, 3353632.05; 466014.52, 3353645.55; 466008.11, 3353647.77; 466012.96, 3353660.57; 466023.78, 3353662.12;
466032.18, 3353654.30; 466049.93, 3353659.88; 466081.23, 3353663.75; 466073.30, 3353673.88; 466063.96, 3353670.91;
466058.29, 3353680.91; 466061.86, 3353692.27; 466079.49, 3353702.60; 466101.59, 3353708.68; 466113.75, 3353698.67;
466108.16, 3353677.88; 466115.68, 3353673.84; 466130.29, 3353682.64; 466142.19, 3353672.79; 466154.68, 3353681.81;
466168.50, 3353685.32; 466175.14, 3353690.23; 466187.37, 3353693.70; 466193.66, 3353696.62; 466206.88, 3353694.52;
466214.87, 3353690.00; 466229.18, 3353706.20; 466236.97, 3353696.47; 466248.32, 3353703.49; 466260.66, 3353685.95;
466272.51, 3353689.00; 466272.56, 3353703.28; 466262.24, 3353703.03; 466265.84, 3353718.18; 466285.27, 3353703.58;
466310.61, 3353706.96; 466322.11, 3353708.03; 466344.53, 3353717.39; 466365.55, 3353724.23; 466379.16, 3353730.90;
466388.19, 3353735.39; 466401.99, 3353739.68; 466415.82, 3353742.79; 466441.50, 3353748.95; 466459.61, 3353755.73;
466476.89, 3353747.82; 466486.47, 3353762.32; 466506.51, 3353771.52; 466523.62, 3353770.35; 466537.41, 3353775.04;
466553.99, 3353774.21; 466566.44, 3353785.08; 466570.39, 3353796.80; 466573.45, 3353812.77; 466555.69, 3353824.23;
466556.65, 3353833.77; 466584.79, 3353836.82; 466621.82, 3353817.07; 466637.08, 3353799.46; 466652.64, 3353807.54;
466666.74, 3353799.55; 466687.81, 3353798.87; 466702.66, 3353792.88; 466718.72, 3353802.39; 466731.07, 3353800.70;
466746.08, 3353804.63; 466752.40, 3353822.62; 466746.46, 3353832.74; 466752.45, 3353847.69; 466761.52, 3353866.93;
466775.13, 3353873.60; 466794.22, 3353873.00; 466814.64, 3353860.81; 466830.53, 3353861.19; 466836.34, 3353883.70;
466843.21, 3353878.71; 466860.23, 3353898.14; 466867.04, 3353928.66; 466921.24, 3353921.50; 466966.67, 3353926.82;
467017.94, 3353915.01; 467055.12, 3353905.70; 467090.79, 3353909.23; 467133.09, 3353917.78; 467175.98, 3353918.81;
467205.17, 3353921.99; 467242.29, 3353936.66; 467308.25, 3353952.91; 467315.54, 3353947.14; 467320.22, 3353950.82;
467328.57, 3353950.22; 467341.04, 3353954.85; 467352.74, 3353953.18; 467357.99, 3353955.25; 467369.04, 3353952.78;
467372.51, 3353957.23; 467379.38, 3353957.35; 467380.74, 3353961.78; 467402.21, 3353961.11; 467409.47, 3353956.53;
467419.58, 3353949.34; 467432.16, 3353954.92; 467426.07, 3353960.10; 467428.75, 3353964.13; 467437.54, 3353963.70;
467441.28, 3353972.05; 467448.27, 3353978.47; 467471.81, 3353974.67; 467488.90, 3353974.26; 467497.75, 3353958.61;
467509.87, 3353957.77; 467514.46, 3353968.53; 467515.35, 3353975.95; 467533.32, 3353977.44; 467554.45, 3353980.06;
467575.50, 3353985.85; 467605.55, 3353994.38; 467635.64, 3353998.67; 467647.94, 3353999.37; 467651.35, 3353989.54;
467656.15, 3353980.39; 467666.84, 3353976.42; 467682.94, 3353981.18; 467689.99, 3353985.31; 467694.01, 3353991.87;
467693.88, 3354005.23; 467700.36, 3354016.88; 467710.43, 3354027.43; 467725.79, 3354032.95; 467735.60, 3354037.94;
467744.23, 3354042.51; 467756.80, 3354048.76; 467770.28, 3354049.87; 467787.64, 3354054.65; 467800.89, 3354049.02;
467814.96, 3354058.87; 467830.07, 3354058.05; 467842.99, 3354065.89; 467859.98, 3354050.82; 467875.68, 3354044.87;

467893.20, 3354043.31; 467912.55, 3354048.14; 467927.72, 3354053.51; 467939.14, 3354063.29; 467950.58, 3354072.03;
467965.25, 3354078.72; 467972.74, 3354075.73; 467984.77, 3354068.50; 467990.07, 3354062.69; 467996.75, 3354046.71;
467996.95, 3354038.26; 468004.42, 3354036.32; 468020.25, 3354038.82; 468035.00, 3354042.34; 468047.73, 3354041.59;
468051.86, 3354045.92; 468049.51, 3354055.38; 468034.46, 3354064.53; 468024.60, 3354078.03; 468037.18, 3354083.62;
468051.98, 3354085.03; 468062.44, 3354090.57; 468078.14, 3354098.35; 468085.58, 3354097.47; 468099.47, 3354092.52;
468094.41, 3354082.88; 468100.91, 3354076.70; 468117.62, 3354086.61; 468118.45, 3354096.14; 468113.73, 3354116.11;
468126.34, 3354120.64; 468131.43, 3354129.22; 468137.55, 3354138.88; 468153.23, 3354147.72; 468159.35, 3354160.30;
468172.08, 3354156.63; 468173.97, 3354166.18; 468168.47, 3354174.51; 468183.85, 3354196.02; 468188.63, 3354217.27;
468194.55, 3354235.38; 468200.62, 3354247.16; 468218.65, 3354246.53; 468226.91, 3354257.85; 468238.85, 3354256.95;
468252.50, 3354248.40; 468274.48, 3354259.50; 468281.66, 3354277.40; 468268.60, 3354283.67; 468277.90, 3354293.41;
468287.30, 3354298.92; 468294.45, 3354266.32; 468288.45, 3354251.38; 468262.21, 3354241.24; 468263.40, 3354227.81;
468263.99, 3354211.69; 468248.19, 3354166.40; 468240.30, 3354163.51; 468244.56, 3354152.44; 468239.20, 3354141.33;
468226.19, 3354153.70; 468213.61, 3354148.11; 468207.46, 3354139.51; 468202.39, 3354129.87; 468198.46, 3354120.02;
468204.61, 3354112.24; 468213.51, 3354105.32; 468222.88, 3354112.28; 468225.47, 3354103.62; 468236.36, 3354097.15;
468239.74, 3354105.15; 468248.38, 3354111.95; 468256.13, 3354117.44; 468259.25, 3354100.59; 468269.02, 3354094.61;
468278.44, 3354095.76; 468301.92, 3354063.84; 468321.70, 3354067.49; 468347.45, 3354070.48; 468361.44, 3354066.86;
468374.81, 3354053.68; 468386.26, 3354059.13; 468404.33, 3354051.24; 468421.34, 3354054.42; 468437.05, 3354045.68;
468449.06, 3354058.26; 468471.13, 3354065.53; 468498.47, 3354068.29; 468495.38, 3354081.57; 468512.31, 3354071.28;
468524.93, 3354058.90; 468537.49, 3354065.14; 468542.53, 3354086.67; 468531.56, 3354099.73; 468524.54, 3354127.05;
468531.54, 3354144.13; 468549.35, 3354149.86; 468572.46, 3354146.84; 468588.95, 3354135.99; 468600.60, 3354136.27;
468613.51, 3354128.13; 468612.91, 3354109.09; 468613.24, 3354095.35; 468630.16, 3354096.82; 468645.89, 3354103.54;
468662.85, 3354102.89; 468674.58, 3354100.00; 468668.98, 3354112.55; 468664.41, 3354126.18; 468669.00, 3354147.18;
468677.00, 3354161.25; 468696.91, 3354143.10; 468724.84, 3354124.46; 468752.54, 3354126.20; 468769.17, 3354128.58;
468760.28, 3354148.57; 468763.49, 3354166.50; 468788.18, 3354177.78; 468806.69, 3354157.08; 468804.05, 3354134.82;
468806.94, 3354120.40; 468858.31, 3354139.05; 468886.53, 3354138.54; 468908.54, 3354151.08; 468950.68, 3354204.94;
469007.06, 3354239.06; 469083.64, 3354270.50; 469094.91, 3354294.57; 469127.14, 3354309.22; 469182.44, 3354339.09;
469230.84, 3354358.09; 469236.13, 3354336.42; 469230.78, 3354319.49; 469221.75, 3354307.13; 469218.74, 3354291.72;
469220.19, 3354273.01; 469263.53, 3354271.28; 469288.14, 3354288.91; 469322.59, 3354294.10; 469323.99, 3354301.27;
469295.51, 3354312.47; 469293.37, 3354335.41; 469274.36, 3354357.53; 469262.31, 3354374.16; 469252.55, 3354383.43;
469267.32, 3354385.90; 469269.61, 3354397.87; 469276.22, 3354420.22; 469277.46, 3354434.92; 469288.73, 3354464.64;
469289.30, 3354484.73; 469300.64, 3354494.93; 469319.24, 3354514.41; 469342.46, 3354507.04; 469367.89, 3354539.29;
469372.40, 3354553.32; 469363.99, 3354569.79; 469379.12, 3354582.02; 469388.80, 3354594.96; 469392.50, 3354606.54;
469404.13, 3354602.06; 469412.16, 3354617.70; 469406.56, 3354630.25; 469408.38, 3354639.82; 469425.75, 3354625.43;
469436.13, 3354634.13; 469449.79, 3354638.69; 469455.79, 3354653.63; 469473.81, 3354653.01; 469475.58, 3354637.47;
469489.98, 3354633.46; 469499.33, 3354608.32; 469518.74, 3354594.12; 469524.10, 3354602.57; 469540.31, 3354638.63;
469552.16, 3354641.30; 469569.41, 3354634.58; 469576.15, 3354651.78; 469574.95, 3354668.40; 469582.96, 3354682.07;
469577.81, 3354698.20; 469574.56, 3354717.55; 469578.40, 3354722.79; 469570.96, 3354731.94; 469576.44, 3354746.38;
469593.23, 3354753.12; 469585.37, 3354727.78; 469586.72, 3354723.78; 469602.61, 3354707.52; 469616.52, 3354707.46;
469631.22, 3354756.56; 469659.32, 3354761.20; 469681.48, 3354748.26; 469727.71, 3354742.24; 469732.26, 3354751.46;
469735.29, 3354757.48; 469738.78, 3354777.38; 469719.71, 3354767.20; 469702.04, 3354766.31; 469694.77, 3354773.55;
469708.24, 3354808.36; 469726.98, 3354821.89; 469734.90, 3354839.52; 469754.09, 3354850.69; 469775.73, 3354876.18;
469799.89, 3354881.76; 469803.86, 3354895.88; 469812.25, 3354926.60; 469803.70, 3354951.77; 469790.50, 3354971.66;
469762.33, 3354970.19; 469741.15, 3354975.23; 469733.88, 3354996.46; 469725.95, 3355012.52; 469710.58, 3355023.65;
469705.12, 3355035.81; 469686.34, 3355040.11; 469669.18, 3355027.01; 469658.96, 3355022.41; 469637.52, 3355024.78;
469638.67, 3355007.25; 469650.65, 3354988.12; 469664.12, 3354990.03; 469691.40, 3354962.54; 469670.80, 3354960.07;
469660.41, 3354945.94; 469656.15, 3354925.23; 469637.58, 3354920.82; 469632.08, 3354901.66; 469639.97, 3354887.58;
469619.02, 3354866.86; 469605.25, 3354877.63; 469586.08, 3354865.28; 469586.47, 3354849.43; 469573.47, 3354844.76;
469562.36, 3354827.84; 469551.80, 3354820.85; 469540.97, 3354808.70; 469529.48, 3354804.44; 469512.83, 3354801.34;
469494.50, 3354807.98; 469475.07, 3354820.04; 469461.16, 3354826.05; 469448.63, 3354818.35; 469450.07, 3354802.53;
469463.13, 3354790.97; 469447.30, 3354785.55; 469424.68, 3354800.86; 469417.03, 3354824.35; 469408.76, 3354843.72;
469396.91, 3354851.21; 469386.06, 3354856.50; 469370.44, 3354845.03; 469359.71, 3354845.17; 469355.50, 3354838.72;
469336.96, 3354833.12; 469311.96, 3354832.13; 469305.78, 3354841.09; 469291.25, 3354834.01; 469274.13, 3354818.93;
469259.29, 3354808.27; 469234.18, 3354811.63; 469211.29, 3354821.78; 469186.50, 3354828.32; 469156.59, 3354833.15;
469138.40, 3354845.79; 469124.34, 3354852.19; 469099.52, 3354843.67; 469085.32, 3354839.36; 469076.92, 3354825.29;
469067.68, 3354799.68; 469056.51, 3354779.33; 469049.56, 3354760.13; 469047.78, 3354746.35; 469046.14, 3354726.23;
469034.13, 3354697.40; 469029.55, 3354667.69; 469018.33, 3354649.45; 469000.84, 3354627.89; 468989.70, 3354620.64;
468971.40, 3354618.73; 468952.71, 3354605.88; 468937.30, 3354602.33; 468922.08, 3354607.12; 468906.29, 3354603.17;
468898.58, 3354609.73; 468891.12, 3354605.98; 468877.19, 3354615.41; 468873.84, 3354622.72; 468863.14, 3354626.70;
468848.35, 3354625.28; 468840.85, 3354631.33; 468836.68, 3354639.55; 468830.30, 3354640.19; 468821.96, 3354640.39;
468812.80, 3354641.36; 468806.96, 3354652.71; 468794.41, 3354662.32; 468793.07, 3354668.63; 468787.37, 3354674.04;
468777.68, 3354680.55; 468765.74, 3354681.45; 468758.67, 3354678.11; 468757.53, 3354676.10; 468749.31, 3354670.75;
468747.53, 3354662.38; 468748.51, 3354654.48; 468751.45, 3354648.21; 468754.04, 3354639.55; 468753.03, 3354631.99;
468750.03, 3354624.79; 468742.07, 3354624.99; 468734.46, 3354627.58; 468731.10, 3354635.43; 468725.86, 3354638.47;
468715.01, 3354643.37; 468707.32, 3354649.13; 468702.77, 3354656.95; 468693.23, 3354657.11; 468687.94, 3354662.14;
468681.46, 3354667.14; 468673.28, 3354676.85; 468668.41, 3354681.09; 468658.77, 3354685.62; 468649.48, 3354691.73;
468642.16, 3354698.69; 468632.26, 3354713.91; 468622.51, 3354722.80; 468617.59, 3354729.02; 468616.66, 3354734.55;
468608.91, 3354743.08; 468602.64, 3354756.01; 468600.49, 3354764.78; 468595.52, 3354770.90; 468585.96, 3354785.98;
468580.33, 3354799.59; 468576.92, 3354809.02; 468588.09, 3354815.51; 468597.69, 3354829.22; 468611.00, 3354837.47;
468621.10, 3354846.83; 468637.14, 3354860.15; 468649.56, 3354872.07; 468659.67, 3354879.82; 468678.80, 3354889.69;
468701.42, 3354904.61; 468715.25, 3354915.93; 468741.88, 3354929.01; 468758.78, 3354933.89; 468783.27, 3354942.29;
468802.70, 3354945.31; 468828.46, 3354946.55; 468847.12, 3354947.39; 468867.41, 3354945.90; 468886.73, 3354952.31;
468913.66, 3354955.73; 468953.96, 3354965.03; 468994.70, 3354972.35; 469018.38, 3354978.86; 469042.85, 3354985.79;
469073.96, 3354997.24; 469111.42, 3355008.85; 469132.66, 3355017.68; 469143.73, 3355019.93; 469153.98, 3355023.35;
469181.61, 3355014.50; 469210.14, 3355017.56; 469244.21, 3355021.55; 469263.69, 3355020.83; 469280.00, 3355020.03;
469303.90, 3355017.44; 469322.77, 3355009.17; 469340.76, 3355004.85; 469356.72, 3355002.06; 469399.53, 3354989.61;
469416.96, 3354988.83; 469456.69, 3354975.13; 469477.70, 3354974.43; 469497.54, 3354986.54; 469502.42, 3355003.57;
469497.60, 3355027.76; 469496.96, 3355054.17; 469515.23, 3355087.38; 469575.70, 3355127.94; 469624.95, 3355150.27;
469686.69, 3355190.35; 469709.06, 3355220.99; 469717.07, 3355240.21; 469733.10, 3355275.50; 469745.05, 3355309.59;
469745.37, 3355340.25; 469747.26, 3355349.81; 469758.98, 3355346.92; 469768.90, 3355331.31; 469771.55, 3355309.17;
469777.79, 3355270.21; 469796.74, 3355231.56; 469816.48, 3355203.49; 469825.30, 3355175.84; 469828.22, 3355137.07;
469829.31, 3355108.56; 469835.40, 3355086.51; 469840.15, 3355057.14; 469846.26, 3355023.46; 469862.73, 3354999.55;

469888.76, 3354974.80; 469906.83, 3354972.07; 469937.15, 3354969.64; 469964.79, 3354927.50; 469967.32, 3354904.97;
469963.31, 3354873.55; 469957.47, 3354852.41; 469919.14, 3354712.36; 469904.41, 3354590.43; 469887.91, 3354527.67;
469882.16, 3354458.82; 469879.36, 3354399.56; 469875.67, 3354332.88; 469852.24, 3354294.27; 469829.53, 3354269.41;
469798.15, 3354252.80; 469758.27, 3354237.04; 469620.05, 3354213.64; 469413.30, 3354175.90; 469150.72, 3354125.19;
468897.75, 3354071.54; 468705.93, 3354029.93; 468472.95, 3353982.05; 468354.85, 3353959.13; 468089.73, 3353898.86;
467876.76, 3353855.69; 467795.37, 3353833.66; 467704.10, 3353810.31; 467589.00, 3353794.86; 467465.82, 3353762.31;
467307.82, 3353723.79; 467132.79, 3353689.83; 466939.05, 3353639.72; 466650.36, 3353573.59; 466448.08, 3353526.45;
466253.99, 3353491.14; 466104.53, 3353450.55; 465894.68, 3353409.20; 465744.99, 3353378.49; 465607.97, 3353348.78;
465461.41, 3353319.89; 465387.62, 3353304.37; 465298.13, 3353281.09; 465146.47, 3353243.62; 464951.75, 3353190.32;
464766.29, 3353148.87; 464622.88, 3353112.37; 464474.67, 3353072.11; 464304.10, 3353027.85; 464172.41, 3352997.20;
463970.02, 3352954.29; 463779.90, 3352910.99; 463553.34, 3352865.91; 463397.79, 3352827.46; 463298.84, 3352800.77;
463136.67, 3352759.88; 462972.38, 3352718.94; 462823.02, 3352674.14; 462717.79, 3352644.13; 462580.14, 3352610.68;
462480.38, 3352579.35; 462257.48, 3352514.15; 462033.58, 3352440.60; 461803.27, 3352369.67; 461642.05, 3352322.13;
461476.44, 3352278.22; 461256.30, 3352224.32; 460978.37, 3352151.06; 460797.21, 3352106.55; 460554.30, 3352055.44;
460349.93, 3352012.49; 460270.17, 3351994.55; 460194.24, 3351980.05; 460146.84, 3351968.34; 460060.54, 3351952.83;
459965.56, 3351929.11; 459844.14, 3351898.10; 459658.58, 3351848.02; 459657.25, 3351880.07; 459656.77, 3351891.62;
459649.88, 3351907.84; 459646.27, 3351928.46; 459645.76, 3351992.61; 459728.73, 3351993.57; 459793.00, 3351992.40;
459817.11, 3351985.34; 459838.96, 3351982.76; 459858.63, 3351984.26; 459885.56, 3351992.63; 459928.03, 3351991.63;
459975.63, 3351993.75; 459990.40, 3351997.36; 460025.26, 3352015.41; 460048.20, 3352036.57; 460059.52, 3352061.02;
460075.51, 3352089.94; 460099.95, 3352114.71; 460122.78, 3352131.60; 460144.84, 3352139.53; 460162.73, 3352144.18;
460170.30, 3352138.02; 460169.55, 3352125.32; 460148.36, 3352124.34; 460145.56, 3352108.42; 460131.90, 3352103.86;
460136.52, 3352088.12; 460151.32, 3352089.53; 460155.56, 3352082.35; 460079.80, 3352067.73; 460091.79, 3352009.89;
460131.28, 3352017.95; 460155.04, 3352023.03; 460158.61, 3352007.73; 460163.10, 3351997.27; 460181.15, 3351995.59;
460197.14, 3352005.26; 460198.41, 3352026.66; 460251.63, 3352035.90; 460296.49, 3352044.39; 460288.14, 3352083.30;
460305.65, 3352085.95; 460311.02, 3352094.00; 460297.05, 3352153.28; 460182.10, 3352131.96; 460182.80, 3352146.78;
460221.78, 3352156.17; 460298.91, 3352167.83; 460344.83, 3352174.88; 460383.64, 3352179.78; 460428.92, 3352180.46;
460479.10, 3352175.33; 460548.64, 3352158.36; 460630.44, 3352144.07; 460697.24, 3352141.71; 460781.60, 3352152.85;
460965.17, 3352201.65; 461189.40, 3352261.33; 461407.76, 3352317.30; 461553.98, 3352356.77; 461664.40, 3352391.13;
461861.00, 3352453.98; 462029.11, 3352510.65; 462254.21, 3352583.83; 462475.35, 3352656.12; 462677.24, 3352719.63;
462783.53, 3352756.69; 462837.25, 3352773.02; 462926.04, 3352798.14; 463123.85, 3352849.66; 463248.68, 3352883.47;
463325.01, 3352901.81; 463336.94, 3352890.47; 463354.48, 3352893.00; 463364.47, 3352904.98; 463363.75, 3352920.71;
463356.68, 3352931.35; 463341.11, 3352934.55; 463328.97, 3352927.12; 463321.53, 3352914.41; 463244.68, 3352894.16;
463042.95, 3352843.36; 462928.44, 3352814.05; 462787.39, 3352772.63; 462592.90, 3352707.70; 462371.16, 3352634.75;
462206.12, 3352581.11; 461994.86, 3352510.51; 461849.15, 3352462.15; 461673.57, 3352406.15; 461567.39, 3352371.89;
461476.12, 3352349.07; 461234.72, 3352283.58; 461016.73, 3352228.67; 460873.60, 3352189.30; 460789.34, 3352168.25;
460738.18, 3352157.36; 460687.97, 3352154.19; 460638.87, 3352156.96; 460555.48, 3352171.61; 460497.07, 3352188.04;
460429.47, 3352197.67; 460363.46, 3352193.16; 460287.88, 3352180.25; 460179.52, 3352162.14; 460176.23, 3352185.99;
460256.99, 3352192.59; 460290.69, 3352197.99; 460295.71, 3352209.74; 460302.09, 3352208.83; 460313.58, 3352215.45;
460322.36, 3352202.98; 460343.44, 3352199.42; 460368.30, 3352206.36; 460399.68, 3352223.36; 460420.70, 3352241.31;
460464.71, 3352245.14; 460499.09, 3352252.70; 460530.31, 3352233.92; 460568.66, 3352225.32; 460599.66, 3352234.11;
460631.81, 3352235.27; 460698.45, 3352223.40; 460832.72, 3352240.49; 460886.11, 3352267.14; 460935.43, 3352298.05;
460953.45, 3352292.14; 460971.62, 3352296.54; 460991.32, 3352303.35; 460998.97, 3352315.82; 461013.75, 3352352.27;
461027.32, 3352361.05; 461059.45, 3352390.36; 461104.38, 3352425.77; 461124.79, 3352419.92; 461160.99, 3352385.11;
461228.42, 3352356.60; 461266.85, 3352344.45; 461344.18, 3352350.66; 461395.97, 3352377.67; 461429.40, 3352408.20;
461463.94, 3352442.32; 461495.04, 3352487.07; 461538.56, 3352560.65; 461564.62, 3352567.61; 461587.53, 3352556.67;
461598.67, 3352522.85; 461602.69, 3352488.06; 461618.62, 3352488.80; 461666.99, 3352501.39; 461677.48, 3352507.71;
461693.44, 3352504.92; 461700.76, 3352509.80; 461698.46, 3352517.14; 461681.16, 3352529.19; 461659.67, 3352543.22;
461646.82, 3352549.73; 461639.28, 3352554.83; 461628.23, 3352556.97; 461607.31, 3352562.52; 461601.84, 3352569.79;
461593.14, 3352579.09; 461577.18, 3352581.88; 461567.75, 3352577.43; 461566.49, 3352585.85; 461567.34, 3352594.33;
461573.42, 3352606.10; 461583.90, 3352610.58; 461594.64, 3352604.50; 461610.81, 3352593.26; 461632.44, 3352574.75;
461647.50, 3352565.60; 461665.74, 3352555.00; 461750.00, 3352531.65; 461815.91, 3352522.66; 461852.67, 3352519.78;
461875.97, 3352520.34; 461903.37, 3352526.28; 461933.92, 3352533.35; 461950.64, 3352543.27; 461969.21, 3352563.80;
461990.63, 3352574.34; 462032.13, 3352616.16; 462038.52, 3352633.11; 462051.05, 3352640.81; 462080.11, 3352652.98;
462130.66, 3352665.69; 462173.37, 3352673.85; 462253.74, 3352671.04; 462268.49, 3352674.56; 462304.81, 3352676.61;
462331.23, 3352687.89; 462351.40, 3352707.21; 462371.66, 3352705.16; 462429.54, 3352743.42; 462496.70, 3352759.30;
462548.97, 3352782.75; 462583.14, 3352799.42; 462614.41, 3352804.14; 462649.32, 3352822.81; 462684.81, 3352852.62;
462694.32, 3352862.31; 462705.52, 3352872.14; 462748.01, 3352867.87; 462794.95, 3352854.20; 462845.98, 3352846.97;
462869.17, 3352851.76; 462890.20, 3352858.60; 462901.72, 3352864.16; 462925.87, 3352869.45; 462947.98, 3352879.02;
462973.42, 3352878.57; 463031.07, 3352891.03; 463095.07, 3352922.69; 463217.57, 3352966.46; 463242.04, 3352986.49;
463261.52, 3353013.38; 463286.70, 3353023.50; 463311.13, 3353020.91; 463330.19, 3353021.37; 463358.81, 3353021.00;
463386.51, 3353014.27; 463404.46, 3353016.81; 463430.71, 3353026.95; 463457.66, 3353027.32; 463483.85, 3353019.77;
463510.32, 3353018.67; 463547.36, 3353022.36; 463594.78, 3353033.01; 463638.89, 3353048.86; 463673.30, 3353064.21;
463710.70, 3353078.58; 463743.11, 3353085.70; 463792.29, 3353102.23; 463820.79, 3353109.76; 463853.28, 3353113.71;
463911.48, 3353124.11; 463951.50, 3353126.38; 463988.78, 3353144.01; 464040.73, 3353168.44; 464097.09, 3353203.62;
464114.81, 3353215.67; 464144.60, 3353241.21; 464170.01, 3353241.82; 464189.81, 3353224.87; 464210.38, 3353215.44;
464222.11, 3353190.35; 464232.25, 3353178.32; 464239.58, 3353190.77; 464248.10, 3353184.96; 464247.80, 3353192.44;
464260.56, 3353190.63; 464272.28, 3353193.83; 464278.18, 3353206.91; 464289.53, 3353211.79; 464299.84, 3353212.83;
464308.88, 3353207.64; 464333.68, 3353226.32; 464347.53, 3353230.77; 464339.66, 3353249.61; 464323.77, 3353249.22;
464324.60, 3353258.76; 464334.08, 3353261.10; 464348.96, 3353259.34; 464353.52, 3353242.87; 464357.06, 3353231.00;
464366.51, 3353234.40; 464370.36, 3353250.34; 464375.68, 3353249.41; 464377.07, 3353235.71; 464390.68, 3353234.83;
464401.20, 3353245.80; 464418.06, 3353249.37; 464418.37, 3353236.70; 464427.80, 3353241.15; 464433.62, 3353250.13;
464449.50, 3353250.51; 464463.82, 3353240.96; 464476.00, 3353239.25; 464484.85, 3353247.81; 464473.12, 3353250.70;
464462.46, 3353253.61; 464469.51, 3353268.58; 469439.91, 3354872.05; 469431.24, 3354880.30; 469419.59, 3354880.02;
469413.17, 3354869.04; 469407.35, 3354860.70; 469412.90, 3354850.26; 469425.73, 3354845.28; 469436.72, 3354850.83;
469445.09, 3354863.47; 469439.91, 3354872.05; 469523.43, 3354844.93; 469510.70, 3354845.68; 469498.89, 3354842.81;
469495.01, 3354827.92; 469508.89, 3354810.76; 469526.05, 3354814.93; 469534.24, 3354826.75; 469531.87, 3354837.27;
469523.43, 3354844.93; 466190.53, 3354051.39; 465789.50, 3353888.05; 465774.93, 3353906.49; 465797.81, 3353933.65;
465835.46, 3353937.23; 465867.28, 3353944.38; 465901.69, 3353950.31; 465937.29, 3353960.10; 465969.02, 3353971.08;
466018.28, 3353997.80; 466056.00, 3354025.52; 466094.75, 3354063.47; 466127.55, 3354083.41; 466164.05, 3354108.55;
466186.52, 3354132.07; 466348.00, 3354151.94; 466376.57, 3354104.72; 466418.82, 3354050.83; 466470.73, 3354007.74;
466545.90, 3353928.76; 466605.94, 3353880.41; 466606.12, 3353859.14; 466597.09, 3353843.27; 466568.86, 3353842.59;

466560.42, 3353867.44; 466541.00, 3353892.02; 466504.78, 3353897.41; 466485.35, 3353921.99; 466479.78, 3353957.86;
466444.79, 3353977.37; 466412.75, 3353984.29; 466373.20, 3353979.51; 466323.72, 3353961.73; 466278.86, 3353964.48;
466259.34, 3353978.06; 466199.44, 3353967.68; 466178.83, 3353973.57; 466147.44, 3353948.56; 466125.00, 3353923.76;
466116.54, 3353903.13; 466078.02, 3353908.59; 466024.61, 3353894.54; 465973.36, 3353897.13; 465967.66, 3353909.76;
465939.48, 3353915.14; 465907.95, 3353903.22; 465904.48, 3353887.82; 465878.81, 3353891.03; 465841.94, 3353881.21;
465816.50, 3353874.61; 465789.50, 3353888.05; 465163.51, 3353601.02; 465084.34, 3353682.31; 465112.50, 3353722.06;
465126.95, 3353747.45; 465147.68, 3353804.05; 465160.91, 3353838.44; 465181.85, 3353886.03; 465199.16, 3353900.09;
465228.18, 3353922.21; 465307.99, 3353944.16; 465348.23, 3353941.12; 465378.48, 3353935.84; 465419.06, 3353918.78;
465387.24, 3353905.99; 465346.47, 3353888.98; 465311.40, 3353886.13; 465305.83, 3353866.96; 465294.78, 3353825.62;
465269.69, 3353741.86; 465283.78, 3353699.12; 465281.10, 3353685.03; 465269.01, 3353686.74; 465247.37, 3353668.19;
465241.83, 3353648.02; 465229.74, 3353649.73; 465210.17, 3353628.22; 465217.51, 3353615.37; 465188.51, 3353568.59;
465146.26, 3353571.58; 465158.47, 3353606.94; 465165.65, 3353642.18; 465177.04, 3353669.50; 465168.94, 3353672.31;
465145.38, 3353649.71; 465118.92, 3353664.10; 465085.74, 3353624.23; 465102.02, 3353615.60; 465111.37, 3353602.80;
465106.57, 3353593.67; 465081.96, 3353573.04; 465056.13, 3353561.40; 464968.37, 3353536.25; 464942.78, 3353514.60;
464907.95, 3353542.82; 464910.63, 3353556.91; 464923.31, 3353572.24; 464940.99, 3353588.69; 464978.60, 3353611.64;
465020.27, 3353632.68; 465063.72, 3353662.78; 465084.34, 3353682.31
(III) NOTE: MAP 3, UNITS 4 AND 5 OF PERDIDO KEY BEACH MOUSE, FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER12OC06.006]
PREBLE'S MEADOW JUMPING MOUSE ( ZAPUS HUDSONIUS PREBLEI )
(1) CRITICAL HABITAT UNITS ARE DEPICTED FOR BOULDER, BROOMFIELD, DOUGLAS, EL PASO, JEFFERSON, LARIMER,
AND TELLER COUNTIES IN COLORADO ON THE MAPS BELOW. THE MAPS PROVIDED ARE FOR INFORMATIONAL
PURPOSES ONLY.
(2) THE PRIMARY CONSTITUENT ELEMENTS OF CRITICAL HABITAT FOR THE PREBLE'S MEADOW JUMPING MOUSE ARE:
(I) RIPARIAN CORRIDORS:
(A) FORMED AND MAINTAINED BY NORMAL, DYNAMIC, GEOMORPHOLOGICAL, AND HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES THAT
CREATE AND MAINTAIN RIVER AND STREAM CHANNELS, FLOODPLAINS, AND FLOODPLAIN BENCHES AND THAT PROMOTE
PATTERNS OF VEGETATION FAVORABLE TO THE PREBLE'S MEADOW JUMPING MOUSE;
(B) CONTAINING DENSE, RIPARIAN VEGETATION CONSISTING OF GRASSES, FORBS, OR SHRUBS, OR ANY COMBINATION
THEREOF, IN AREAS ALONG RIVERS AND STREAMS THAT NORMALLY PROVIDE OPEN WATER THROUGH THE PREBLE'S
MEADOW JUMPING MOUSE'S ACTIVE SEASON; AND
(C) INCLUDING SPECIFIC MOVEMENT CORRIDORS THAT PROVIDE CONNECTIVITY BETWEEN AND WITHIN POPULATIONS.
THIS MAY INCLUDE RIVER AND STREAM REACHES WITH MINIMAL VEGETATIVE COVER OR THAT ARE ARMORED FOR
EROSION CONTROL; TRAVEL WAYS BENEATH BRIDGES, THROUGH CULVERTS, ALONG CANALS AND DITCHES; AND OTHER
AREAS THAT HAVE EXPERIENCED SUBSTANTIAL HUMAN ALTERATION OR DISTURBANCE.
(II) ADDITIONAL ADJACENT FLOODPLAIN AND UPLAND HABITAT WITH LIMITED HUMAN DISTURBANCE (INCLUDING HAYED
FIELDS, GRAZED PASTURE, OTHER AGRICULTURAL LANDS THAT ARE NOT PLOWED OR DISKED REGULARLY, AREAS THAT
HAVE BEEN RESTORED AFTER PAST AGGREGATE EXTRACTION, AREAS SUPPORTING RECREATIONAL TRAILS, AND
URBAN-WILDLAND INTERFACES).
(3) CRITICAL HABITAT DOES NOT INCLUDE BUILDINGS, ROADS, PARKING LOTS, OTHER PAVED AREAS, LAWNS, OTHER
URBAN AND SUBURBAN LANDSCAPED AREAS, REGULARLY PLOWED OR DISKED AGRICULTURAL AREAS, AND THE LAND
ON WHICH THEY ARE LOCATED EXISTING WITHIN THE LEGAL BOUNDARIES ON THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF THIS RULE.
(4) CRITICAL HABITAT MAP UNITS. DATA LAYERS DEFINING MAP UNITS WERE CREATED ON A BASE OF USGS DIGITAL
ORTHO-PHOTO QUARTER-QUADRANGLES, AND CRITICAL HABITAT UNITS WERE THEN MAPPED USING UNIVERSAL
TRANSVERSE MERCATOR (UTM) ZONE 15N COORDINATES.
(5) NOTE: INDEX MAP OF CRITICAL HABITAT FOR THE PREBLE'S MEADOW JUMPING MOUSE FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER15DE10.002]
(6) UNIT 1: NORTH FORK CACHE LA POUDRE RIVER, LARIMER COUNTY, COLORADO.
(I) THIS UNIT CONSISTS OF 87.2 MI (140.4 KM) OF STREAMS AND RIVERS. NORTH FORK CACHE LA POUDRE RIVER FROM
SEAMAN RESERVOIR (40 43 7N 105 14 32W, T.9N., R.70W., SEC. 28) UPSTREAM TO HALLIGAN RESERVOIR SPILLWAY (40 52
44N 105 20 15W, T.11N., R.71W., SEC. 34) EXCLUDING 1.06 MI (1.71 KM) OF THE NORTH FORK CACHE LA POUDRE RIVER
WITHIN THE EAGLES NEST OPEN SPACE (FROM 40 45 44N 105 13 50W, T. 9N, R.70W., SEC. 9 TO 40 46 17N 105 13 59W, T. 9N,
R.70W., SEC. 4). INCLUDES LONE PINE CREEK FROM ITS CONFLUENCE NORTH FORK CACHE LA POUDRE RIVER (40 47 54N
105 15 30W, T.10N., R.70W., SEC. 32) UPSTREAM AND CONTINUING UPSTREAM INTO NORTH LONE PINE CREEK TO 7,600 FT
(2,317 M) ELEVATION (40 49 58N 105 34 09W, T.10N., R.73W., SEC. 15). INCLUDES COLUMBINE CANYON FROM ITS
CONFLUENCE WITH NORTH LONE PINE CREEK (40 49 47N 105 33 31W, T.10N., R.73W., SEC. 15) UPSTREAM TO 7,600 FT
(2,317 M) ELEVATION (40 49 32N 105 33 58W, T.10N., R.73W., SEC. 15). ALSO INCLUDES STONEWALL CREEK FROM ITS
CONFLUENCE WITH NORTH FORK CACHE LA POUDRE RIVER (40 48 19N 105 15 21W, T.10N., R.70W., SEC. 29) UPSTREAM TO
(40 53 26N 105 15 40W, T.11N., R.70W., SEC. 29). INCLUDES TENMILE CREEK FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH STONEWALL
CREEK (40 51 49N 105 15 32W, T.10N., R.70W., SEC. 5) UPSTREAM TO RED MOUNTAIN ROAD (40 53 00N 105 16 09W, T.11N.,
R.70W., SEC. 31). ALSO INCLUDES RABBIT CREEK FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH NORTH FORK CACHE LA POUDRE RIVER
(40 48 30N 105 16 07W, T.10N., R.70W., SEC. 30) UPSTREAM TO THE CONFLUENCE WITH NORTH AND MIDDLE FORKS OF
RABBIT CREEK (40 49 34N 105 20 49W, T.10N., R 71W., SEC. 21). ALSO INCLUDES SOUTH FORK RABBIT CREEK FROM ITS
CONFLUENCE WITH RABBIT CREEK (40 48 39N 105 19 45W, T.10N., R.71W., SEC. 27) UPSTREAM TO (40 49 39N 105 24 40W,
T.10N., R.72W., NORTH BOUNDARY SEC. 24). INCLUDES AN UNNAMED TRIBUTARY FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH SOUTH
FORK RABBIT CREEK (40 47 28N 105 20 47W, T.10N., R.71W., SEC. 33) UPSTREAM TO (40 47 28N 105 23 12W, T.10N., R.71W.,
SEC. 31). WHICH IN TURN HAS AN UNNAMED TRIBUTARY FROM THEIR CONFLUENCE AT (40 47 17N 105 21 48W, T.10N.,
R.71W., EAST BOUNDARY SEC. 32) UPSTREAM TO (40 46 55N 105 22 16W, T.9N., R.71W., SEC. 5). ALSO INCLUDES MIDDLE

FORK RABBIT CREEK FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH RABBIT CREEK (40 49 34N 105 20 49W, T.10N., R 71W., SEC. 21)
UPSTREAM TO 7,600 FT (2,317 M) ELEVATION (40 49 46N 105 26 59W, T.10N., R.72W., SEC. 15). THIS INCLUDES AN UNNAMED
TRIBUTARY FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH MIDDLE FORK RABBIT CREEK (40 49 56N 105 25 51W, T.10N., R.72W., SEC. 14)
UPSTREAM TO 7,600 FT (2,317 M) ELEVATION (40 48 48N 105 26 29W, T.10N., R.72W., SEC. 23). THIS UNIT INCLUDES NORTH
FORK RABBIT CREEK FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH RABBIT CREEK (40 49 34N 105 20 49W, T.10N., R.71W., SEC. 21)
UPSTREAM TO 7,600 FT (2,317 M) ELEVATION (40 49 38N 105 29 19W, T.10N., R.72W., SEC. 17). INCLUDES AN UNNAMED
TRIBUTARY FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH NORTH FORK RABBIT CREEK (40 50 45N 105 27 44W, T.10N., R.72W., SEC. 9)
UPSTREAM TO 7,600 FT (2,317 M) ELEVATION (40 50 57N 105 28 46W, T.10N., R.72W., SEC. 9).
(II) NOTE: MAP OF UNIT 1 FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER15DE10.003]
(7) UNIT 2: CACHE LA POUDRE RIVER, LARIMER COUNTY, COLORADO.
(I) THIS UNIT CONSISTS OF 50.8 MI (81.7 KM) OF STREAMS AND RIVERS. CACHE LA POUDRE RIVER FROM POUDRE PARK
(40 41 16N 10 18 2W, T.8N., R.71W., SEC. 2) UPSTREAM TO (40 42 02N 105 34 04W, T.9N., R.73W., WEST BOUNDARY SEC. 34).
INCLUDES HEWLETT GULCH FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH CACHE LA POUDRE RIVER (40 41 16N 105 18 24W, T.8N., R.71W.,
SEC. 2) UPSTREAM TO THE BOUNDARY OF ARAPAHOE-ROOSEVELT NATIONAL FOREST (40 43 29N 105 18 51W, T.9N.,
R.71W., SEC. 23). ALSO INCLUDES YOUNG GULCH FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH CACHE LA POUDRE RIVER (40 41 25N 105
20 57W, T.8N., R.71W., SEC. 4) UPSTREAM TO (40 39 14N 105 20 13W, T.8N., R.71W., SOUTH BOUNDARY SEC. 15). ALSO
INCLUDES AN UNNAMED TRIBUTARY FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH CACHE LA POUDRE RIVER AT STOVE PRAIRIE
LANDING (40 40 58N 105 23 23W, T.8N., R.71W., SEC. 6) UPSTREAM TO (40 39 31N 105 22 34W, T.8N., R.71W., SEC. 17).
INCLUDES SKIN GULCH FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH THE AFOREMENTIONED UNNAMED TRIBUTARY AT (40 40 33N 105 23
16W, T.8N., R.71W., SEC. 7) UPSTREAM TO (40 39 40N 105 24 16W, T.8N., R.72W., SEC. 13). UNIT 2 ALSO INCLUDES POVERTY
GULCH FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH CACHE LA POUDRE RIVER (40 40 28N 105 25 44W, T.8N., R.72W., SEC. 11) UPSTREAM
TO 7,600 FT (2,317 M) ELEVATION (40 39 01N 105 26 40W, T.8N., R.72W., SEC. 22). ALSO INCLUDES ELKHORN CREEK FROM
ITS CONFLUENCE WITH CACHE LA POUDRE RIVER (40 41 50N 105 26 24W, T.9N., R.72W., SEC. 34) UPSTREAM TO (40 44 03N
105 27 34W, T.9N., R.72W., SEC. 21). ALSO INCLUDES SOUTH FORK CACHE LA POUDRE RIVER FROM ITS CONFLUENCE
WITH CACHE LA POUDRE RIVER (40 41 11N 105 26 50W, T.8N., R.72W., SEC. 3) UPSTREAM TO 7,600 FT (2,317 M) ELEVATION
(40 38 48N 105 29 22W, T.8N., R.72W., SEC. 20). INCLUDES PENDERGRASS CREEK FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH SOUTH
FORK CACHE LA POUDRE RIVER (40 39 56N 105 27 30W, T.8N., R.72W., SEC. 15) UPSTREAM TO 7,600 FT (2,317 M)
ELEVATION (40 38 34N 105 27 28W, T.8N., R.72W., SEC. 22). ALSO INCLUDED IN THE UNIT IS BENNETT CREEK FROM ITS
CONFLUENCE WITH CACHE LA POUDRE RIVER (40 40 26N 105 28 41W, T.8N., R.72W., SEC. 9) UPSTREAM TO 7,600 FT (2,317
M) ELEVATION (40 39 19N 105 31 29W, T.8N., R.73W., SEC. 13).
(II) NOTE: MAP OF UNIT 2 FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER15DE10.004]
(8) UNIT 3: BUCKHORN CREEK, LARIMER COUNTY, COLORADO.
(I) THIS UNIT CONSISTS OF 45.5 MI (73.2 KM) OF STREAMS. BUCKHORN CREEK FROM (40 30 20N 105 13 39W, T.6N., R.70W.,
EAST BOUNDARY SEC. 9) UPSTREAM TO 7,600 FT (2,317 M) ELEVATION (40 34 17N 105 25 31W, T.7N., R.72W., SEC. 14).
INCLUDES LITTLE BEAR GULCH FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH BUCKHORN CREEK (40 31 17N 105 15 33W, T.6N., R.70W.,
SEC. 5) UPSTREAM TO (40 30 43N 105 16 35W, T.6N., R.70W., SEC. 6). ALSO INCLUDES BEAR GULCH FROM ITS
CONFLUENCE WITH BUCKHORN CREEK (40 31 16N 105 15 52W, T.6N., R.70W., SEC. 5) UPSTREAM TO 7,600 FT (2,317 M)
ELEVATION (40 29 45N 105 20 4W, T.6N., R.71W., SEC. 10). ALSO INCLUDES STRINGTOWN GULCH FROM ITS CONFLUENCE
WITH BUCKHORN CREEK (40 32 21N 105 16 42W, T.7N., R.70W., SEC. 30) UPSTREAM TO 7,600 FT (2,317 M) ELEVATION (40 30
30N 105 20 50W, T.6N., R.71W., SEC. 4). ALSO INCLUDES FISH CREEK FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH BUCKHORN CREEK (40
32 48N 105 18 20W, T.7N., R.70W., SEC. 30) UPSTREAM TO 7,600 FT (2,317 M) ELEVATION (40 30 56N 105 21 20W, T.6N.,
R.71W., SEC. 4). INCLUDES NORTH FORK FISH CREEK FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH FISH CREEK (40 32 48N 105 18 20W,
T.7N., R.71W., WEST BOUNDARY SEC. 25) UPSTREAM AND FOLLOWING THE FIRST UNNAMED TRIBUTARY NORTHWEST TO
(40 33 34N 105 19 45W, T.7N., R.71W., SEC. 22). ALSO INCLUDES STOVE PRAIRIE CREEK FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH
BUCKHORN CREEK (40 34 16N 105 19 48W, T.7N., R.71W., SEC. 15) UPSTREAM TO THE DIRT ROAD CROSSING AT (40 35 22N
105 20 17W, T.7N., R.71W., SEC. 10). ALSO INCLUDES SHEEP CREEK FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH BUCKHORN CREEK (40
34 15N 105 20 53W, T.7N., R.71W., SEC. 16) UPSTREAM TO 7,600 FT (2,317 M) ELEVATION (40 33 08N 105 21 47W, T.7N.,
R.71W., SEC. 20). ALSO INCLUDES TWIN CABIN GULCH FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH BUCKHORN CREEK (40 34 38N 105 23
13W, T.7N., R.71W., SEC. 18) UPSTREAM TO 7,600 FT (2,317 M) ELEVATION (40 35 45N 105 23 36W, T.7N., R.71W., SEC. 6).
(II) NOTE: MAP OF UNITS 3 AND 4 FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER15DE10.005]
(9) UNIT 4: CEDAR CREEK, LARIMER COUNTY, COLORADO.
(I) THIS UNIT CONSISTS OF 7.5 MI (12.1 KM) OF STREAMS. CEDAR CREEK FROM THE BOUNDARY OF FEDERAL LAND (40 26
46N 105 16 17W, T.6N., R.70W., SEC. 31) UPSTREAM TO THE BOUNDARY OF FEDERAL LAND (40 28 15N 105 18 11W, T.6N.,
R.71W., SEC. 24). INCLUDES DRY CREEK FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH CEDAR CREEK (40 27 07N 105 16 16W, T.6N., R.70W.,
SEC. 30) UPSTREAM TO THE BOUNDARY OF FEDERAL LAND (40 28 52N 105 16 21W, T.6N., R.70W., SEC. 18). ALSO INCLUDES
JUG GULCH FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH CEDAR CREEK (40 28 15N 105 17 41W, T.6N., R.71W., SEC. 24) UPSTREAM TO
THE BOUNDARY OF FEDERAL LAND (40 29 07N 105 18 28W, T.6N., R.71W., SEC. 14).
(II) NOTE: MAP OF UNIT 4 APPEARS AT PARAGRAPH (8)(II) OF THIS ENTRY.
(10) UNIT 5: SOUTH BOULDER CREEK, BOULDER COUNTY, COLORADO.
(I) THIS UNIT CONSISTS OF 7.6 MI (12.2 KM) OF STREAMS. INCLUDING SOUTH BOULDER CREEK FROM BASELINE ROAD (40
0 0N 105 12 55W, T.1S., R.70W., SEC. 3) UPSTREAM TO NEAR ELDORADO SPRINGS, COLORADO (39 56 7N 105 16 16W, T.1S.,
R.70W., SEC. 30). UNIT 5 ALSO INCLUDES SPRING BROOK FROM THE COMMUNITY DITCH NEAR ELDORADO SPRINGS (39 55
59N 105 16 10W, T.1S., R.70W., SEC. 30) UPSTREAM TO THE DENVER WATER BOUNDARY AT THE SOUTH BOULDER
DIVERSION CANAL (39 55 13N 105 16 12W, T.1S., R.70W., SEC. 31).

(II) NOTE: MAP OF UNITS 5, 6, AND 7 FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER15DE10.006]
(11) UNIT 6: ROCKY FLATS SITE, JEFFERSON COUNTY AND BROOMFIELD COUNTIES, COLORADO.
(I) THIS UNIT CONSISTS OF THREE SUBUNITS INCLUDING 12.5 MI (20.1 KM) OF STREAMS AS FOLLOWS:
(A) THE WOMAN CREEK SUBUNIT FROM INDIANA STREET (39 52 40N 105 9 55W, T.2S., R.70W., EAST BOUNDARY SEC. 13)
UPSTREAM TO (39 53 3N 105 13 20W, T.2S., R.70W., WEST BOUNDARY SEC. 15). INCLUDES UNNAMED TRIBUTARY FROM
CONFLUENCE WITH WOMAN CREEK (39 52 43N 105 10 11W, T.2S., R.70W., SEC. 13) UPSTREAM TO (39 52 39N 105 12 11W,
T.2S., R.70W., WEST BOUNDARY SEC. 14).
(B) THE WALNUT CREEK SUBUNIT FROM INDIANA STREET (39 54 5N 105 9 55W, T.2S., R.70W., EAST BOUNDARY SEC. 1)
UPSTREAM TO (39 53 49N 105 11 59W, T.2S., R.70W., SEC. 11). INCLUDES UNNAMED TRIBUTARY FROM ITS CONFLUENCE
WITH WALNUT CREEK (39 54 6N 105 10 42W, T.2S., R.70W., SEC. 1) UPSTREAM TO (39 53 35N 105 11 29W, T.2S., R.70W., SEC.
11).
(C) THE ROCK CREEK SUBUNIT FROM STATE HIGHWAY 128 (39 54 53N 105 11 40W, T.1S., R.70W., SEC. 35) UPSTREAM TO (39
54 17N 105 13 20W, T.2S., R.70W., WEST BOUNDARY SEC. 3). INCLUDES AN UNNAMED TRIBUTARY FROM ITS CONFLUENCE
WITH ROCK CREEK (39 54 40N 105 12 11W, T.2S., R.70W., EAST BOUNDARY SEC. 3) UPSTREAM TO (39 54 42 N 105 13 00W,
T.2S., R.70W., SEC. 3). ALSO INCLUDES AN UNNAMED TRIBUTARY FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH ROCK CREEK AT (39 54
26N 105 12 34W, T.2S., R.70W., SEC. 3) UPSTREAM TO (39 54 7N 105 12 52W, T.2S., R.70W., SEC. 3). INCLUDES ANOTHER
UNNAMED TRIBUTARY FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH ROCK CREEK AT (39 54 23N 105 12 56W, T.2S., R.70W., SEC. 3)
UPSTREAM TO (39 54 8N 105 13 20W, T.2S., R.70W., WEST BOUNDARY SEC. 3. INCLUDES ANOTHER UNNAMED TRIBUTARY
FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH ROCK CREEK AT (39 54 15N 105 13 5W, T.2S., R.70W., SEC. 3) UPSTREAM TO (39 54 08N 105
13 09W, T.2S., R.70W., SEC. 3).
(II) NOTE: MAP OF UNIT 6 APPEARS AT PARAGRAPH (10)(II) OF THIS ENTRY.
(12) UNIT 7: RALSTON CREEK, JEFFERSON COUNTY, COLORADO.
(I) THIS UNIT CONSISTS OF 8.5 MI (13.7 KM) OF STREAMS. RALSTON CREEK FROM 6,065 FT (1,849 M) ELEVATION AT THE
NORTHERN EDGE OF DENVER WATER PROPERTY JUST UPSTREAM OF RALSTON RESERVOIR (39 49 12N 105 15 35W, T.3S.,
R.70W., SEC. 6) UPSTREAM INTO GOLDEN GATE CANYON STATE PARK TO 7,600 FT (2,300 M) ELEVATION (39 50 53 105 21
16W, T.2S., R.71W., SEC. 29).
(II) NOTE: MAP OF UNIT 7 APPEARS AT PARAGRAPH (10)(II) OF THIS ENTRY.
(13) UNIT 8: CHERRY CREEK, DOUGLAS COUNTY, COLORADO.
(I) THIS UNIT CONSISTS OF TWO SUBUNITS INCLUDING 29.8 MI (47.9 KM) OF STREAMS AS FOLLOWS:
(A) THE LAKE GULCH SUBUNIT INCLUDING CHERRY CREEK FROM THE NORTHERN BOUNDARY OF CASTLEWOOD CANYON
STATE RECREATION AREA (39 21 44N 104 45 39W, T.8S., R.66W., SOUTH BOUNDARY SEC. 10) UPSTREAM TO THE
CONFLUENCE WITH LAKE GULCH (39 20 24N 104 45 36W, T.8S., R.66W., SEC. 23). LAKE GULCH FROM THE
AFOREMENTIONED CONFLUENCE UPSTREAM TO (39 15 37N 104 46 05W, T.9S., R.66W., SOUTH BOUNDARY SEC. 15).
INCLUDES UPPER LAKE GULCH FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH LAKE GULCH (39 17 24N 104 46 11W, T.9S., R.66W., SEC. 3)
UPSTREAM TO (39 13 24N 104 50 21W, T.9S., R.67W., MID-POINT SEC. 36).
(B) THE ANTELOPE CREEK SUBUNIT FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH WEST CHERRY CREEK (39 16 11N 104 42 49W, T.9S
R.65W., S18) UPSTREAM TO THE FRANKTOWN PARKER RESERVOIR (39 10 20N 104 46 16W, T.10S R.66W., S22). IT ALSO
INCLUDES HASKEL CREEK FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH ANTELOPE CREEK (39 13 43N, 104 45 5W, T.9S R.66W., S35)
UPSTREAM TO THE HASKEL CREEK SPRING POND AT 7,000 FT (2,134 M) ELEVATION (39 11 60N 104 47 40N, T.10S R.66W.,
S8).
(II) NOTE: MAP OF UNIT 8 FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER15DE10.007]
(14) UNIT 9: WEST PLUM CREEK, DOUGLAS COUNTY, COLORADO.
(I) THIS UNIT CONSISTS OF 90.3 MI (145.3 KM) OF STREAMS. PLUM CREEK FROM CHATFIELD LAKE (39 32 35N 105 03 07W,
T.6S., R.68W., SEC. 7) UPSTREAM TO ITS CONFLUENCE WITH WEST PLUM CREEK AND EAST PLUM CREEK (39 25 49N 104
58 8W, T.7S., R.68W., SEC. 23), EXCLUDING 0.14 MI (0.23 KM) OF PLUM CREEK OWNED BY DENVER WATER AT THE HIGHLINE
CANAL CROSSING (EXCLUDING FROM 39 30 44N 105 01 41W, T.6S., R.68W., SEC. 20 DOWNSTREAM TO 39 30 41N 105 01
32W, T.6S., R.68W., SEC. 20). WEST PLUM CREEK FROM THE AFOREMENTIONED CONFLUENCE (39 25 49N 104 58 8W, T.7S.,
R.68W., SEC. 23) UPSTREAM TO THE BOUNDARY OF PIKE-SAN ISABEL NATIONAL FOREST AND 7,600 FT (2,317 M)
ELEVATION (39 13 07N 104 59 20W, T.9S., R.68W., SEC. 34). INCLUDES INDIAN CREEK FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH PLUM
CREEK (39 28 22N 104 59 57W, T.7S., R.68W., SEC. 4) UPSTREAM TO SILVER STATE YOUTH CAMP (39 22 24N 105 05 13W,
T.8S., R.69W., SEC. 11). INDIAN CREEK INCLUDES AN UNNAMED TRIBUTARY FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH INDIAN CREEK
AT PINE NOOK (39 23 01N 105 04 24W, T.8S., R.69W., SEC. 2) UPSTREAM TO (39 22 10N 105 04 08W, T.8S., R.69W., SEC. 12).
ALSO INCLUDES JARRE CREEK FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH PLUM CREEK (39 25 50N 104 58 15W, T.7S., R.68W., SEC. 23)
UPSTREAM TO 7,600 FT (2,317 M) ELEVATION (39 21 50N 105 03 20W, T.8S., R.69W., SEC. 12). JARRE CREEK INCLUDES AN
UNNAMED TRIBUTARY FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH JARRE CREEK (39 22 58N 105 01 52W, T.8S., R.68W., SEC. 5)
UPSTREAM TO (39 22 44N 105 02 14W, T.8S., R.68W., SEC. 8). ALSO INCLUDES AN UNNAMED TRIBUTARY FROM ITS
CONFLUENCE WITH WEST PLUM CREEK (39 22 20N 104 57 39W, T.8S., R.68W., SEC. 11) UPSTREAM TO (39 21 36N 104 55
40W, T.8S, R67W., SEC.18). UNIT 9 ALSO INCLUDES GARBER CREEK FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH PLUM CREEK (39 22 10N
104 57 49W, T.8S., R.68W., SEC. 11) UPSTREAM TO ITS CONFLUENCE WITH SOUTH GARBER CREEK AND MIDDLE GARBER
CREEK (39 21 02N 105 02 13W, T.8S., R.68W., SEC. 18). INCLUDING SOUTH GARBER CREEK FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH
GARBER CREEK (39 21 02N 105 02 13W, T.8S., R.68W., SEC. 18) UPSTREAM TO 7,600 FT (2,317 M) ELEVATION (39 19 14N 105
03 13W, T.8S., R.69W., SEC. 25). INCLUDING MIDDLE GARBER CREEK FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH GARBER CREEK (39 20
55N 105 02 35W, T.8S., R.68W., SEC. 18) UPSTREAM TO (39 19 48N 105 04 09W, T.8S., R.69W., WEST BOUNDARY SEC. 25).
INCLUDING NORTH GARBER CREEK FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH MIDDLE GARBER CREEK (39 20 55N 105 02 35W, T.8S.,

R.68W., SEC. 18) UPSTREAM TO 7,600 FT (2,317 M) ELEVATION (39 20 47N 105 04 37W, T.8S., R.69W., SEC. 23). INCLUDES
JACKSON CREEK FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH PLUM CREEK (39 21 02N 104 58 30W, T.8S., R.68W., SEC. 14) UPSTREAM TO
7,600 FT (2,317 M) ELEVATION (39 17 59N 105 03 57W, T.9S., R.69W., SEC. 1). INCLUDES SPRING CREEK FROM ITS
CONFLUENCE WITH WEST PLUM CREEK AT (39 19 04N 104 58 26W, T.8S., R.68W., SEC. 35) UPSTREAM TO (39 15 21N 105 01
40W, T.9S., R.68W., SEC. 20). INCLUDING DRY GULCH FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH SPRING CREEK (39 17 54N 104 59 58W,
T.9S., R.68W., SEC. 4) UPSTREAM TO 7,600 FT (2,317 M) ELEVATION (39 16 07N 105 02 33W, T.9S., R.68W., SEC. 18).
INCLUDING BEAR CREEK FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH WEST PLUM CREEK (39 17 30N 104 58 25W, T.9S., R.68W., SEC. 2)
UPSTREAM TO THE BASE OF THE WACONDA LAKE DAM (39 15 43 N, 104 59 09 W, T.9S, R.68W, SEC.15). INCLUDING GOVE
CREEK FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH WEST PLUM CREEK (39 14 07N 104 57 42W, T.9S., R.68W., SEC. 26) UPSTREAM TO
7,600 FT (2,317 M) ELEVATION (39 11 50N 104 58 32W, T.10S., R.68W., SEC. 11). INCLUDES MERZ CANYON STREAM FROM ITS
CONFLUENCE WITH GOVE CREEK (39 13 05N 104 57 33W, T.9S., R.68W., SEC. 36) UPSTREAM TO (39 12 39N 104 57 04 W,
T.10S., R.68W., SEC.1). INCLUDES STARR CANYON STREAM FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH WEST PLUM CREEK (39 13 07N
104 58 41W, T.9S., R.68W., SEC. 35) UPSTREAM TO 7,600 FT (2,317 M) ELEVATION (39 12 32N 104 59 01W, T.10S., R.68W., SEC.
3).
(II) NOTE: MAP OF UNIT 9 FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER15DE10.008]
(15) UNIT 10: UPPER SOUTH PLATTE RIVER, DOUGLAS, JEFFERSON, AND TELLER COUNTIES, COLORADO.
(I) THIS UNIT CONSISTS OF FOUR SUBUNITS INCLUDING 33.6 MI (54.1 KM) OF RIVERS AND STREAMS AS FOLLOWS:
(A) THE CHATFIELD SUBUNIT, ON THE BORDER OF JEFFERSON COUNTY AND DOUGLAS COUNTY ENTIRELY WITHIN
CHATFIELD STATE PARK FROM CHATFIELD LAKE (39 31 32N 105 04 45W, T.6S., R.69W., SEC. 14) UPSTREAM TO THE
NORTHERN BOUNDARY OF THE KASSLER CENTER LAND OWNED BY DENVER WATER (39 29 35N 105 05 14W, T.6S., R.69W.,
SEC. 26).
(B) THE BEAR CREEK SUBUNIT, DOUGLAS COUNTY FROM PIKE-SAN ISABEL NATIONAL FOREST BOUNDARY (39 25 27N 105
07 40W, T.7S., R.69W., WEST BOUNDARY SEC. 21) UPSTREAM TO (39 22 32N 105 06 40W, T.8S., R.69W., SOUTH BOUNDARY
SEC. 4). INCLUDES WEST BEAR CREEK FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH BEAR CREEK (39 25 15N 105 07 30W, T.7S., R.69W.,
SEC. 21) UPSTREAM TO A CONFLUENCE WITH AN UNNAMED TRIBUTARY (39 24 17N 105 07 38W, T.7S., R.69W., SEC. 33).
(C) THE SOUTH PLATTE RIVER SUBUNIT, ON THE BORDER OF JEFFERSON COUNTY AND DOUGLAS COUNTY FROM THE
SOUTHERN BOUNDARY OF DENVER WATER LAND NEAR NIGHTHAWK (39 21 04N 105 10 28W, T.8S., R.70W., SEC. 13)
UPSTREAM TO THE NORTH EASTERN BOUNDARY OF DENVER WATER LAND AT (39 18 47N 105 11 33W, T.8S., R.70W., SEC.
35), EXCLUDING DENVER WATER LANDS ALONG THIS STRETCH (39 19 10N 105 11 17W, T.8S., R.70W., SEC. 26), AND
UTILIZING THE DOUGLAS COUNTY RIPARIAN CONSERVATION ZONES ON NON-FEDERAL LANDS. ALSO INCLUDED IN THIS
SUBUNIT FROM THE SOUTHWESTERN BOUNDARY OF DENVER WATER PROPERTY AT (39 18 04N 105 12 03W, T.9S., R.70W.,
SEC. 2) TO THE NORTH EASTERN BOUNDARY OF DENVER WATER PROPERTY AT (39 17 27N 105 12 24W, T.9S., R.70W., SEC.
3). INCLUDES SUGAR CREEK, WITHIN DOUGLAS COUNTY FROM THE EASTERN BOUNDARY OF DENVER WATER LAND
NEAR OXYOKE (39 18 24N 105 11 32W, T.8S., R.70W., SEC. 35) UPSTREAM TO 7,600 FT (2,317 M) ELEVATION (39 18 31N 105 08
09W, T.8S., R.69W., SEC. 32). INCLUDES GUNBARREL CREEK, WITHIN JEFFERSON COUNTY FROM THE WESTERN
BOUNDARY OF DENVER WATER LAND NEAR OXYOKE (39 18 27N 105 12 06W, T.8S., R.70W., SEC. 34) UPSTREAM TO (39 18
41N 105 14 36W, T.8S., R.70W., SEC. 32).
(D) THE TROUT CREEK SUBUNIT, DOUGLAS COUNTY UPSTREAM INTO TELLER COUNTY FROM (39 13 02N 105 09 31W, T.9S.,
R.69W., SEC. 31) UPSTREAM TO 7,600 FT (2,317 M) ELEVATION WHICH IS 0.8 MI (1.3 KM) INTO TELLER COUNTY (39 07 13N
105 05 49W, T.11S., R.69W., SEC. 3). INCLUDES EAGLE CREEK FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH TROUT CREEK (39 11 52N 105
08 27W, T.10S., R.69W., SEC. 8) UPSTREAM TO 7,600 FT (2,317 M) ELEVATION (39 12 06N 105 07 12W, T.10S., R.69W., SEC. 9).
ALSO INCLUDING AN UNNAMED TRIBUTARY FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH TROUT CREEK (39 11 07N 105 08 05W, T.10S.,
R.69W., SEC. 17) UPSTREAM TO (39 10 18N 105 08 23W, T.10S., R.69W., SEC. 20). ALSO INCLUDING LONG HOLLOW FROM ITS
CONFLUENCE WITH TROUT CREEK (39 10 56N 105 08 01W, T.10S., R.69W., SEC. 17) UPSTREAM TO 7,600 FT (2,317 M)
ELEVATION (39 11 30N 105 06 19W, T.10S., R.69W., SEC. 10).
(II) NOTE: MAP OF UNIT 10 FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER15DE10.009]
(16) UNIT 11: MONUMENT CREEK, EL PASO COUNTY, COLORADO.
(I) THIS UNIT CONSISTS OF 38.0 MI (61.1 KM) OF STREAMS. MONUMENT CREEK FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH
COTTONWOOD CREEK (38 55 36N 104 48 55W, T.13S., R66W., SEC. 7) UPSTREAM TO THE SOUTHERN PROPERTY
BOUNDARY OF THE U.S. AIR FORCE ACADEMY (38 57 08N 104 49 49W, T.13S., R.66W., SEC. 6), EXCLUDING 0.82 AC (0.33 HA)
ON THE DAHLE PROPERTY (38 56 56N 104 49 39W, T.13S., R66W., SEC. 6). THEN MONUMENT CREEK FROM THE NORTHERN
PROPERTY BOUNDARY OF THE U.S. AIR FORCE ACADEMY (39 02 31N 104 51 05W, T.12S., R.67W., NORTH BOUNDARY SEC.
2) UPSTREAM TO MONUMENT LAKE (39 05 19N 104 52 43W, T.11S., R.67W., SEC. 15). INCLUDES KETTLE CREEK FROM THE
PROPERTY BOUNDARY OF THE U.S. AIR FORCE ACADEMY (38 58 33N 104 47 55W, T.12S., R.66W., SEC. 29) UPSTREAM TO
ITS INTERSECTION WITH A ROAD AT (39 00 07N 104 45 24W, T.12S., R.66W., EAST BOUNDARY SEC. 15). WHICH INCLUDES
AN UNNAMED TRIBUTARY FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH KETTLE CREEK (38 59 06N 104 46 55W, T.12S., R.66W., SEC. 21)
UPSTREAM TO (38 59 14N 104 46 19W, T.12S., R.66W., SEC. 22). ALSO INCLUDES BLACK SQUIRREL CREEK FROM THE
PROPERTY BOUNDARY OF THE U.S. AIR FORCE ACADEMY (39 00 06N 104 49 00W, T.12S., R.66W., SEC. 18) UPSTREAM TO
(39 02 30N 104 44 38W, T.12S., R.66W., NORTH BOUNDARY SEC. 2). INCLUDING AN UNNAMED TRIBUTARY FROM ITS
CONFLUENCE WITH BLACK SQUIRREL CREEK (39 01 19N 104 46 21W, T.12S., R.66W., SEC. 10) UPSTREAM TO (39 02 30N 104
45 42W, T.12S., R.66W., NORTH BOUNDARY SEC. 3). WHICH INCLUDES ANOTHER UNNAMED TRIBUTARY FROM (39 01 50N
104 46 20W, T.12S., R.66W., SEC. 3) UPSTREAM TO (39 02 30N 104 46 03W, T.12S., R.66W., NORTH BOUNDARY SEC. 3),
EXCLUDING APPROXIMATELY 5 AC (2 HA) ON THE LEFEVER PROPERTY (39 00 57N 104 46 33W, T.12S., R.66W., SEC. 9).
ALSO INCLUDES AN UNNAMED TRIBUTARY FROM THE PROPERTY BOUNDARY OF THE U.S. AIR FORCE ACADEMY (39 00
14N 104 49 3W, T.12S., R.66W., SEC. 18) UPSTREAM TO 6,700 FT (2,043 M) ELEVATION (39 0 29N 104 48 24W, T.12S., R.66W.,
SEC. 17). INCLUDING AN UNNAMED TRIBUTARY FROM (39 0 19N 104 48 55W, T. 12S., R.66W., SEC. 18) UPSTREAM TO (39 0
30N 104 48 48N, T. 12S., R.66W., SEC. 18). UNIT 11 ALSO INCLUDES MONUMENT BRANCH FROM THE PROPERTY BOUNDARY
OF THE U.S. AIR FORCE ACADEMY (39 00 50N 104 49 24W, T.12S., R.66W., SEC. 7) UPSTREAM TO (39 01 10N 104 48 45W,
T.12S., R.66W., EAST BOUNDARY SEC. 7). ALSO INCLUDES SMITH CREEK FROM THE PROPERTY BOUNDARY OF THE U.S.

AIR FORCE ACADEMY (39 01 36N 104 49 46W, T.12S., R.66W., SEC. 7) UPSTREAM TO (39 02 24N 104 48 00W, T.12S., R.66W.,
SEC. 5). ALSO INCLUDES JACKSON CREEK FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH MONUMENT CREEK (39 02 33N 104 51 13W,
T.11S., R.67W., SEC. 35) UPSTREAM TO (39 04 30N 104 49 10W, T.11S., R.66W., SEC. 19). INCLUDES AN UNNAMED TRIBUTARY
FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH JACKSON CREEK (39 04 12N 104 50 05W, T.11S., R.67W., SEC. 25) UPSTREAM TO HIGBY
ROAD (39 04 42N 104 49 40W, T.11S., R.66W., SEC. 19). ALSO INCLUDES BEAVER CREEK FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH
MONUMENT CREEK (39 02 52N 104 52 02W, T.11S., R.67W., SEC. 35) UPSTREAM TO 7,600 FT (2,317 M) ELEVATION (39 03 08N
104 55 32W, T.11S., R.67W., SEC. 31). ALSO INCLUDES TEACHOUT CREEK FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH MONUMENT
CREEK (39 03 44N 104 51 53W, T.11S., R.67W., SEC. 26) UPSTREAM TO INTERSTATE 25 (39 04 19N 104 51 29W, T.11S., R.67W.,
SEC. 23). ALSO INCLUDES DIRTY WOMAN CREEK FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH MONUMENT CREEK (39 04 55N 104 52 34W,
T.11S., R.67W., SEC. 22) UPSTREAM TO HIGHWAY 105 (39 05 35N 104 51 28 W, T.11S., R.67W., SEC. 14).
(II) NOTE: MAP OF UNIT 11 FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER15DE10.010]
ST. ANDREW BEACH MOUSE ( PEROMYSCUS POLIONOTUS PENINSULARIS )
(1) CRITICAL HABITAT UNITS ARE DEPICTED FOR BAY AND GULF COUNTIES, FLORIDA, ON THE MAPS BELOW.
(2) THE PRIMARY CONSTITUENT ELEMENTS OF CRITICAL HABITAT FOR THE ST. ANDREW BEACH MOUSE ARE THE HABITAT
COMPONENTS THAT PROVIDE:
(I) A CONTIGUOUS MOSAIC OF PRIMARY, SECONDARY, AND SCRUB VEGETATION AND DUNE STRUCTURE, WITH A
BALANCED LEVEL OF COMPETITION AND PREDATION AND FEW OR NO COMPETITIVE OR PREDACEOUS NONNATIVE
SPECIES PRESENT, THAT COLLECTIVELY PROVIDE FORAGING OPPORTUNITIES, COVER, AND BURROW SITES;
(II) PRIMARY AND SECONDARY DUNES, GENERALLY DOMINATED BY SEA OATS ( UNIOLA PANICULATA ), THAT DESPITE
OCCASIONAL TEMPORARY IMPACTS AND RECONFIGURATION FROM TROPICAL STORMS AND HURRICANES, PROVIDE
ABUNDANT FOOD RESOURCES, BURROW SITES, AND PROTECTION FROM PREDATORS;
(III) SCRUB DUNES, GENERALLY DOMINATED BY SCRUB OAKS ( QUERCUS SPP.), THAT PROVIDE FOOD RESOURCES AND
BURROW SITES, AND PROVIDE ELEVATED REFUGIA DURING AND AFTER INTENSE FLOODING DUE TO RAINFALL AND/OR
HURRICANE-INDUCED STORM SURGE;
(IV) FUNCTIONAL, UNOBSTRUCTED HABITAT CONNECTIONS THAT FACILITATE GENETIC EXCHANGE, DISPERSAL, NATURAL
EXPLORATORY MOVEMENTS, AND RE-COLONIZATION OF LOCALLY EXTIRPATED AREAS; AND
(V) A NATURAL LIGHT REGIME WITHIN THE COASTAL DUNE ECOSYSTEM, COMPATIBLE WITH THE NOCTURNAL ACTIVITY
OF BEACH MICE, NECESSARY FOR NORMAL BEHAVIOR, GROWTH, AND VIABILITY OF ALL LIFE STAGES.
(3) CRITICAL HABITAT DOES NOT INCLUDE MAN-MADE STRUCTURES EXISTING ON THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF THIS RULE
AND NOT CONTAINING ONE OR MORE OF THE PRIMARY CONSTITUENT ELEMENTS, SUCH AS BUILDINGS, AQUEDUCTS,
AIRPORTS, DRIVEWAYS, AND ROADS, AND THE LAND ON WHICH SUCH STRUCTURES ARE LOCATED.
(4) CRITICAL HABITAT MAP UNITS. DATA LAYERS DEFINING MAP UNITS WERE CREATED BY DELINEATING HABITATS THAT
CONTAINED ONE OR MORE OF THE PRIMARY CONSTITUENT ELEMENTS DEFINED IN PARAGRAPH (2) OF THIS ENTRY
OVER 1999 AND 2004 DIGITAL ORTHO PHOTOGRAPHY AT A SCALE OF AT LEAST 1:4000.
(5) NOTE: MAP 1, INDEX MAP OF CRITICAL HABITAT UNITS FOR THE ST. ANDREW BEACH MOUSE, FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER12OC06.007]
(6) SABM—UNIT 1: EAST CROOKED ISLAND, GULF COUNTY, FLORIDA.
(I) GENERAL DESCRIPTION: THIS UNIT ENCOMPASSES ESSENTIAL FEATURES OF BEACH MOUSE HABITAT ON EAST
CROOKED ISLAND FROM THE ENTRANCE OF ST. ANDREW SOUND TO 1 MI WEST OF MEXICO BEACH, NOT INCLUDING
RAFFIELD PENINSULA, AND THE AREA FROM THE MEAN HIGH WATER LEVEL (MHWL) TO THE SEAWARD EXTENT OF THE
MARITIME FOREST.
(II) MAP 2, UNIT 1 OF ST. ANDREW BEACH MOUSE, FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER12OC06.008]
(7) SABM—UNIT 2: PALM POINT UNIT, GULF COUNTY, FLORIDA.
(I) GENERAL DESCRIPTION: THIS UNIT ENCOMPASSES HABITAT FROM PALM POINT 1.25 MI NORTHWEST OF THE INLET OF
THE GULF COUNTY CANAL TO ST. JOE BEACH AND THE AREA FROM THE MHWL TO THE SEAWARD EXTENT OF THE
MARITIME FOREST.
(II) MAP OF SABM—UNIT 2 IS PROVIDED AT PARAGRAPH (8)(II) OF THIS ENTRY.
(8) SABM—UNIT 3: ST. JOSEPH PENINSULA, GULF COUNTY, FLORIDA.
(I) GENERAL DESCRIPTION: THIS UNIT ENCOMPASSES ESSENTIAL FEATURES OF BEACH MOUSE HABITAT WITHIN THE
BOUNDARY OF ST. JOSEPH PENINSULA STATE PARK (PARK) AS WELL AS SOUTH OF THE PARK TO THE PENINSULA'S
CONSTRICTION NORTH OF CAPE SAN BLAS (ALSO KNOWN AS THE “STUMPHOLE” REGION) AND AREA FROM THE MHWL
TO THE SEAWARD EXTENT OF THE MARITIME FOREST.
(II) MAP 3, UNITS 2 AND 3 OF ST. ANDREW BEACH MOUSE, FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER12OC06.009]
NORTHERN SEA OTTER ( ENHYDRA LUTRIS KENYONI ), SOUTHWEST ALASKA DISTINCT POPULATION SEGMENT:

(1) CRITICAL HABITAT UNITS ARE IN ALASKA, AS DESCRIBED BELOW. THE INDEX MAP PROVIDED IS FOR INFORMATIONAL
PURPOSES ONLY.
(2) THE PRIMARY CONSTITUENT ELEMENTS OF CRITICAL HABITAT FOR THE SOUTHWEST ALASKA DISTINCT POPULATION
SEGMENT (DPS) OF THE NORTHERN SEA OTTER ARE:
(I) SHALLOW, ROCKY AREAS WHERE MARINE PREDATORS ARE LESS LIKELY TO FORAGE, WHICH ARE IN WATERS LESS
THAN 2 M (6.6 FT) IN DEPTH;
(II) NEARSHORE WATERS WITHIN 100 M (328.1 FT) FROM THE MEAN HIGH TIDE LINE;
(III) KELP FORESTS, WHICH OCCUR IN WATERS LESS THAN 20 M (65.6 FT) IN DEPTH; AND
(IV) PREY RESOURCES WITHIN THE AREAS IDENTIFIED IN PARAGRAPHS (2)(I), (2)(II), AND (2)(III) OF THIS ENTRY THAT ARE
PRESENT IN SUFFICIENT QUANTITY AND QUALITY TO SUPPORT THE ENERGETIC REQUIREMENTS OF THE SPECIES.
(3) CRITICAL HABITAT DOES NOT INCLUDE MANMADE STRUCTURES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, DOCKS,
SEAWALLS, PIPELINES, OR OTHER STRUCTURES) AND THE LAND ON WHICH THEY ARE LOCATED EXISTING WITHIN THE
BOUNDARIES ON THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF THIS RULE.
(4) CRITICAL HABITAT MAP UNITS. BOUNDARIES OF CRITICAL HABITAT WERE DERIVED FROM GIS DATA LAYERS OF
HYDROGRAPHIC SURVEY DATA DEVELOPED BY THE NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION. TO
ESTIMATE THE SIZE OF EACH CRITICAL HABITAT UNIT, THE DATA WERE PROJECTED INTO ALASKA STANDARD ALBERS
CONICAL EQUAL AREA ON THE NORTH AMERICAN DATUM OF 1983. GIVEN THE LARGE GEOGRAPHIC RANGE OF THIS DPS,
SOME TWO-DIMENSIONAL AREAS APPEAR AS ONE-DIMENSIONAL FEATURES AT THESE MAP SCALES.
(5) NOTE: INDEX MAP OF CRITICAL HABITAT FOR THE SOUTHWEST ALASKA DPS OF THE NORTHERN SEA OTTER
FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER08OC09.002]
(6) UNIT 1: WESTERN ALEUTIAN. ALL CONTIGUOUS WATERS FROM THE MEAN HIGH TIDE LINE TO THE 20-M (65.6-FT)
DEPTH CONTOUR AS WELL AS WATERS WITHIN 100 M (328.1 FT) OF THE MEAN HIGH TIDE LINE THAT OCCUR ADJACENT
TO THE FOLLOWING ISLANDS: ADAK, AGATTU, ALAID, AMATIGNAK, AMCHITKA, AMLIA, AMUKTA, ANAGAKSIK, ASUKSAK,
ATKA, ATTU, AZIAK, BOBROF, BULDIR, CARLISLE, CHAGULA, CHUGINADAK, CHUGUL, CRONE, DAVIDOF, ELF, GARELOI,
GREAT SITKIN, HERBERT, IGITKIN, ILAK, KAGALASKA, KAGAMIL, KANAGA, KANU, KASATOCHI, KAVALGA, KHVOSTOF, KISKA,
KONIUJI, LITTLE KISKA, LITTLE SITKIN, LITTLE TANAGA, NIZKI, OGLIUGA, OGLODAK, RAT, SADATANAK, SAGCHUDAK, SALT,
SEGUAM, SEGULA, SEMISOPOCHNOI, SHEMYA, SKAGUL, TAGADAK, TAGALAK, TANAGA, TANAKLAK, AND ULAK.
(7) UNIT 2: EASTERN ALEUTIAN. ALL CONTIGUOUS WATERS FROM THE MEAN HIGH TIDE LINE TO THE 20-M (65.6-FT)
DEPTH CONTOUR AS WELL AS WATERS WITHIN 100 M (328.1 FT) OF THE MEAN HIGH TIDE LINE THAT OCCUR ADJACENT
TO THE FOLLOWING ISLANDS: AIKTAK, AKUTAN, AMAKNAK, ARANGULA, ATKA, AVATANAK, BABY ISLANDS, BOGOSLOF,
EGG, HOG, KALIGAGAN, ROOTOK, SAMALGA, SEDANKA, TIGALDA, UGAMAK, UMNAK, UNALASKA, UNALGA, AND VSEVIDOF.
(8) UNIT 3: SOUTH ALASKA PENINSULA. ALL CONTIGUOUS WATERS FROM THE MEAN HIGH TIDE LINE TO THE 20-M (65.6FT) DEPTH CONTOUR AS WELL AS WATERS WITHIN 100 M (328.1 FT) OF THE MEAN HIGH TIDE LINE THAT OCCUR
ADJACENT TO THE ALASKA PENINSULA FROM FALSE PASS (54.242° N, 163.363° W) TO CASTLE CAPE (56.242° N, 158.117°
W), AND ADJACENT TO THE FOLLOWING ISLANDS: ANDRONICA, ATKINS, BIG KONIUJI, BIRD, BROTHER, CATON,
CHANKLIUT, CHERNABURA, CHERNI, CHIACHI, DEER, DOLGOI, EGG, GOLOI, GUILLEMOT, INNER ILIASK, JACOB, KARPOF,
KOROVIN, LITTLE KONIUJI, MITROFANIA, NAGAI, NEAR, OUTER ILIASK, PAUL, PENINSULA, PINUSUK, POPERECHNOI,
POPOF, ROAD, SANAK, SHAPKA, SIMEONOF, SPECTACLE, SPITZ, TURNER, UKOLNOI, UKOLNOI, UNGA, AND UNIMAK ISLAND
FROM SCOTCH CAP (54.390° N, 164.745° W) TO FALSE PASS.
(9) UNIT 4: BRISTOL BAY. THIS UNIT CONTAINS THREE SUBUNITS:
(I) SUBUNIT 4A: AMAK ISLAND. ALL CONTIGUOUS WATERS FROM THE MEAN HIGH TIDE LINE TO THE 20-M (65.6-FT) DEPTH
CONTOUR AS WELL AS WATERS WITHIN 100 M (328.1 FT) OF THE MEAN HIGH TIDE LINE THAT OCCUR ADJACENT TO AMAK
ISLAND.
(II) SUBUNIT 4B: IZEMBEK LAGOON. ALL WATERS FROM MEAN HIGH TIDE LINE THAT OCCUR WITHIN THE POLYGON
BOUNDED BY GLEN, OPERL, AND NEUMANN ISLANDS TO THE NORTH AND THE ALASKA PENINSULA TO THE SOUTH, AND
FURTHER DEFINED BY THE FOLLOWING LATITUDE/LONGITUDE COORDINATES: 55.249° N, 162.990° W; 55.255° N, 162.984° W
FROM CAPE GLAZENAP TO GLEN ISLAND; 55.324° N, 162.901° W; 55.333° N, 162.888° W FROM GLEN ISLAND TO OPERL
ISLAND; 55.409° N, 162.683° W; 55.408° N, 162.621° W FROM OPERL ISLAND TO NEUMANN ISLAND; AND 55.447° N, 162.582°
W; 55.447° N, 162.577° W FROM NEUMANN ISLAND TO MOFFET POINT.
(III) SUBUNIT 4C: PORT MOLLER/HERENDEEN BAY. ALL WATERS FROM MEAN HIGH TIDE LINE THAT OCCUR WITHIN THE
POLYGON BOUNDED BY WALRUS ISLAND TO THE NORTH AND THE ALASKA PENINSULA TO THE SOUTH, AND FURTHER
DEFINED BY THE FOLLOWING LATITUDE/LONGITUDE COORDINATES: 56.000° N, 160.877° W; 56.020° N, 160.854° W FROM
POINT EDWARD TO WALRUS ISLAND; AND 56.020° N, 160.805° W; 55.979° N, 160.584° W FROM WOLF POINT TO ENTRANCE
POINT.
(10) UNIT 5: KODIAK, KAMISHAK, ALASKA PENINSULA. ALL CONTIGUOUS WATERS FROM THE MEAN HIGH TIDE LINE TO THE
20-M (65.6-FT) DEPTH CONTOUR AS WELL AS WATERS WITHIN 100 M (328.1 FT) OF THE MEAN HIGH TIDE LINE THAT OCCUR
ADJACENT TO THE ALASKA PENINSULA FROM CASTLE CAPE (56° 14.5' N, 158° 7.0' W) EASTWARD TO CAPE DOUGLAS
(58.852° N, 153.250° W), AND NORTHWARD IN COOK INLET TO REDOUBT POINT (60.285° N, 152.417° W), AND ADJACENT TO
THE FOLLOWING ISLANDS: AFOGNAK, AGHIK, AGHIYUK, AIAKTALIK, AKHIOK, ALIKSEMIT, AMOOK, ANOWIK, ASHIAK,
ATKULIK, AUGUSTINE, BAN, BARE, BEAR, CENTRAL, CHIRIKOF, CHISIK, CHOWIET, DARK, DAVID, DERICKSON, DRY SPRUCE,
EAGLE, EAST AMATULI, EAST CHANNEL, GARDEN, GEESE, HARTMAN, HARVESTER, HYDRA, KAK, KATEEKUK, KILIKTAGIK,
KIUKPALIK, KODIAK, KUMLIK, LONG, MARMOT, MILLER, NAKCHAMIK, NINAGIAK, NORD, NORDYKE, POLTAVA, RASPBERRY,
SALLY, SHAW, SHUYAK, SITKALIDAK, SITKANAK, SPRUCE, SUD, SUGARLOAF, SUKLIK, SUNDSTROM, SUTWICK, TAKLI,
TERRACE, TUGIDAK, TWOHEADED, UGAK, UGALUSHIK, UGANIK, UNAVIKSHAK, USHAGAT, WEST AMATULI, WEST
AUGUSTINE, WEST CHANNEL, WHALE, AND WOODY.

OLYMPIA POCKET GOPHER ( THOMOMYS MAZAMA PUGETENSIS )
(1) CRITICAL HABITAT FOR THE OLYMPIA POCKET GOPHER IN THURSTON COUNTY, WASHINGTON, IS DEPICTED ON THE
MAP BELOW.
(2) WITHIN THIS AREA, THE PRIMARY CONSTITUENT ELEMENTS OF THE PHYSICAL OR BIOLOGICAL FEATURES ESSENTIAL
TO THE CONSERVATION OF THE OLYMPIA POCKET GOPHER CONSIST OF TWO COMPONENTS:
(I) FRIABLE, LOAMY, AND DEEP SOILS, SOME WITH RELATIVELY GREATER CONTENT OF SAND, GRAVEL, OR SILT, ALL
GENERALLY ON SLOPES LESS THAN 15 PERCENT IN THE FOLLOWING SOIL SERIES OR SOIL SERIES COMPLEX:
(A) ALDERWOOD;
(B) CAGEY;
(C) EVERETT;
(D) GODFREY;
(E) INDIANOLA;
(F) KAPOWSIN;
(G) MCKENNA;
(H) NISQUALLY;
(I) NORMA;
(J) SPANA;
(K) SPANAWAY;
(L) SPANAWAY-NISQUALLY COMPLEX; AND
(M) YELM.
(II) AREAS EQUAL TO OR LARGER THAN 50 AC (20 HA) IN SIZE THAT PROVIDE FOR BREEDING, FORAGING, AND DISPERSAL
ACTIVITIES, FOUND IN THE SOIL SERIES LISTED IN PARAGRAPH (2)(I) OF THIS ENTRY THAT HAVE:
(A) LESS THAN 10 PERCENT WOODY VEGETATION COVER;
(B) VEGETATIVE COVER SUITABLE FOR FORAGING BY GOPHERS. POCKET GOPHERS' DIETS INCLUDE A WIDE VARIETY OF
PLANT MATERIAL, INCLUDING LEAFY VEGETATION, SUCCULENT ROOTS, SHOOTS, TUBERS, AND GRASSES. FORBS AND
GRASSES THAT MAZAMA POCKET GOPHERS EAT ARE KNOWN TO INCLUDE, BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO: ACHILLEA
MILLEFOLIUM (COMMON YARROW), AGOSERIS SPP. (AGOSERIS), CIRSIUM SPP. (THISTLE), BROMUS SPP.
(BROME), CAMASSIA SPP. (CAMAS), COLLOMIA LINEARIS (TINY TRUMPET), EPILOBIUM SPP. (SEVERAL WILLOWHERB
SPP.), ERIOPHYLLUM LANATUM (WOOLLY SUNFLOWER), GAYOPHYTUM DIFFUSUM (GROUNDSMOKE), HYPOCHAERIS
RADICATA (HAIRY CAT'S EAR), LATHYRUS SPP. (PEAVINE), LUPINUS SPP. (LUPINE), MICROSTERIS GRACILIS (SLENDER
PHLOX), PENSTEMON SPP. (PENSTEMON), PERIDERIDIA GAIRDNERI (GAIRDNER'S YAMPAH), PHACELIA
HETEROPHYLLA (VARILEAF PHACELIA), POLYGONUM DOUGLASII (KNOTWEED), POTENTILLA SPP.
(CINQUEFOIL), PTERIDIUM AQUILINUM (BRACKEN FERN), TARAXACUM OFFICINALE (COMMON
DANDELION), TRIFOLIUM SPP. (CLOVER), AND VIOLA SPP. (VIOLET); AND
(C) FEW, IF ANY, BARRIERS TO DISPERSAL. BARRIERS TO DISPERSAL MAY INCLUDE, BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO, FOREST
EDGES, ROADS (PAVED AND UNPAVED), ABRUPT ELEVATION CHANGES, SCOT'S BROOM THICKETS, HIGHLY CULTIVATED
LAWNS, INHOSPITABLE SOIL TYPES OR SUBSTRATES, DEVELOPMENT AND BUILDINGS, SLOPES GREATER THAN 35
PERCENT, AND OPEN WATER.
(3) CRITICAL HABITAT DOES NOT INCLUDE MANMADE STRUCTURES (SUCH AS BUILDINGS, AQUEDUCTS, RUNWAYS,
ROADS, RAILROAD TRACKS, AND OTHER PAVED AREAS) AND THE LAND ON WHICH THEY ARE LOCATED EXISTING WITHIN
THE LEGAL BOUNDARIES ON MAY 9, 2014.
(4) CRITICAL HABITAT MAP UNIT. DATA LAYERS DEFINING MAP UNITS WERE CREATED ON 2010 AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY
FROM U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, NATIONAL AGRICULTURE IMAGERY PROGRAM BASE MAPS USING ARCMAP
(ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, INC.), A COMPUTER GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS)
PROGRAM. THE MAP IN THIS ENTRY, AS MODIFIED BY ANY ACCOMPANYING REGULATORY TEXT, ESTABLISHES THE
BOUNDARIES OF THE CRITICAL HABITAT DESIGNATION. THE COORDINATES OR PLOT POINTS OR BOTH ON WHICH THE
MAP IS BASED ARE AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC AT THE SERVICE'S INTERNET SITE
AT HTTP://WWW.FWS.GOV/WAFWO/MPG.HTML, AT HTTP://WWW.REGULATIONS.GOV (DOCKET NO. FWS-R1-ES-2013-0021),
AND AT THE FIELD OFFICE RESPONSIBLE FOR THIS DESIGNATION. YOU MAY OBTAIN FIELD OFFICE LOCATION
INFORMATION BY CONTACTING ONE OF THE SERVICE REGIONAL OFFICES, THE ADDRESSES OF WHICH ARE LISTED AT 50
CFR 2.2.
(5) OLYMPIA AIRPORT UNIT, THURSTON COUNTY, WASHINGTON. MAP FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER09AP14.000]
TENINO POCKET GOPHER ( THOMOMYS MAZAMA TUMULI )
(1) CRITICAL HABITAT FOR THE TENINO POCKET GOPHER IN THURSTON COUNTY, WASHINGTON, IS DEPICTED ON THE
MAP BELOW.
(2) WITHIN THIS AREA, THE PRIMARY CONSTITUENT ELEMENTS OF THE PHYSICAL OR BIOLOGICAL FEATURES ESSENTIAL
TO THE CONSERVATION OF TENINO POCKET GOPHER CONSIST OF TWO COMPONENTS:

(I) FRIABLE, LOAMY, AND DEEP SOILS, SOME WITH RELATIVELY GREATER CONTENT OF SAND, GRAVEL, OR SILT, ALL
GENERALLY ON SLOPES LESS THAN 15 PERCENT IN THE FOLLOWING SOIL SERIES OR SOIL SERIES COMPLEX:
(A) ALDERWOOD;
(B) CAGEY;
(C) EVERETT;
(D) INDIANOLA;
(E) KAPOWSIN;
(F) NISQUALLY;
(G) NORMA;
(H) SPANAWAY;
(I) SPANAWAY-NISQUALLY COMPLEX; AND
(J) YELM.
(II) AREAS EQUAL TO OR LARGER THAN 50 AC (20 HA) IN SIZE THAT PROVIDE FOR BREEDING, FORAGING, AND DISPERSAL
ACTIVITIES, FOUND IN THE SOIL SERIES LISTED IN PARAGRAPH (2)(I) OF THIS ENTRY THAT HAVE:
(A) LESS THAN 10 PERCENT WOODY VEGETATION COVER;
(B) VEGETATIVE COVER SUITABLE FOR FORAGING BY GOPHERS. POCKET GOPHERS' DIETS INCLUDE A WIDE VARIETY OF
PLANT MATERIAL, INCLUDING LEAFY VEGETATION, SUCCULENT ROOTS, SHOOTS, TUBERS, AND GRASSES. FORBS AND
GRASSES THAT MAZAMA POCKET GOPHERS ARE KNOWN TO EAT INCLUDE, BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO: ACHILLEA
MILLEFOLIUM (COMMON YARROW), AGOSERIS SPP. (AGOSERIS), CIRSIUM SPP. (THISTLE), BROMUS SPP.
(BROME), CAMASSIA SPP. (CAMAS), COLLOMIA LINEARIS (TINY TRUMPET), EPILOBIUM SPP. (SEVERAL WILLOWHERB
SPP.), ERIOPHYLLUM LANATUM (WOOLLY SUNFLOWER), GAYOPHYTUM DIFFUSUM (GROUNDSMOKE), HYPOCHAERIS
RADICATA (HAIRY CAT'S EAR), LATHYRUS SPP. (PEAVINE), LUPINUS SPP. (LUPINE), MICROSTERIS GRACILIS (SLENDER
PHLOX), PENSTEMON SPP. (PENSTEMON), PERIDERIDIA GAIRDNERI (GAIRDNER'S YAMPAH), PHACELIA
HETEROPHYLLA (VARILEAF PHACELIA), POLYGONUM DOUGLASII (KNOTWEED), POTENTILLA SPP.
(CINQUEFOIL), PTERIDIUM AQUILINUM (BRACKEN FERN), TARAXACUM OFFICINALE (COMMON
DANDELION), TRIFOLIUM SPP. (CLOVER), AND VIOLA SPP. (VIOLET); AND
(C) FEW, IF ANY, BARRIERS TO DISPERSAL. BARRIERS TO DISPERSAL MAY INCLUDE, BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO, FOREST
EDGES, ROADS (PAVED AND UNPAVED), ABRUPT ELEVATION CHANGES, SCOT'S BROOM THICKETS, HIGHLY CULTIVATED
LAWNS, INHOSPITABLE SOIL TYPES OR SUBSTRATES, DEVELOPMENT AND BUILDINGS, SLOPES GREATER THAN 35
PERCENT, AND OPEN WATER.
(3) CRITICAL HABITAT DOES NOT INCLUDE MANMADE STRUCTURES (SUCH AS BUILDINGS, AQUEDUCTS, RUNWAYS,
ROADS, AND OTHER PAVED AREAS) AND THE LAND ON WHICH THEY ARE LOCATED EXISTING WITHIN THE LEGAL
BOUNDARIES ON MAY 9, 2014.
(4) CRITICAL HABITAT MAP UNIT. DATA LAYERS DEFINING THE MAP UNIT WERE CREATED ON 2010 AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY
FROM U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, NATIONAL AGRICULTURE IMAGERY PROGRAM BASE MAPS USING ARCMAP
(ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, INC.), A COMPUTER GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS)
PROGRAM. THE MAP IN THIS ENTRY ESTABLISHES THE BOUNDARIES OF THE CRITICAL HABITAT DESIGNATION. THE
COORDINATES OR PLOT POINTS OR BOTH ON WHICH THE MAP IS BASED ARE AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC AT THE
SERVICE'S INTERNET SITE AT HTTP://WWW.FWS.GOV/WAFWO/, AT HTTP://WWW.REGULATIONS.GOV (DOCKET NO. FWSR1-ES-2013-0021), AND AT THE FIELD OFFICE RESPONSIBLE FOR THIS DESIGNATION. YOU MAY OBTAIN FIELD OFFICE
LOCATION INFORMATION BY CONTACTING ONE OF THE SERVICE REGIONAL OFFICES, THE ADDRESSES OF WHICH ARE
LISTED AT 50 CFR 2.2.
(5) ROCKY PRAIRIE UNIT, THURSTON COUNTY, WASHINGTON. MAP FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER09AP14.001]
YELM POCKET GOPHER ( THOMOMYS MAZAMA YELMENSIS )
(1) CRITICAL HABITAT FOR THE YELM POCKET GOPHER IN THURSTON COUNTY, WASHINGTON, IS DEPICTED ON THE MAP
BELOW.
(2) WITHIN THESE AREAS, THE PRIMARY CONSTITUENT ELEMENTS OF THE PHYSICAL OR BIOLOGICAL FEATURES
ESSENTIAL TO THE CONSERVATION OF THE YELM POCKET GOPHER CONSIST OF TWO COMPONENTS:
(I) FRIABLE, LOAMY, AND DEEP SOILS, SOME WITH RELATIVELY GREATER CONTENT OF SAND, GRAVEL, OR SILT, ALL
GENERALLY ON SLOPES LESS THAN 15 PERCENT IN THE FOLLOWING SOIL SERIES OR SOILS SERIES COMPLEX:
(A) ALDERWOOD;
(B) CAGEY;
(C) EVERETT;
(D) GODFREY;
(E) INDIANOLA;
(F) KAPOWSIN;

(G) MCKENNA;
(H) NISQUALLY;
(I) NORMA;
(J) SPANAWAY;
(K) SPANAWAY-NISQUALLY COMPLEX; AND
(L) YELM.
(II) AREAS EQUAL TO OR LARGER THAN 50 AC (20 HA) IN SIZE THAT PROVIDE FOR BREEDING, FORAGING, AND DISPERSAL
ACTIVITIES, FOUND IN THE SOIL SERIES LISTED IN PARAGRAPH (2)(I) OF THIS ENTRY THAT HAVE:
(A) LESS THAN 10 PERCENT WOODY VEGETATION COVER;
(B) VEGETATIVE COVER SUITABLE FOR FORAGING BY GOPHERS. POCKET GOPHERS' DIETS INCLUDE A WIDE VARIETY OF
PLANT MATERIAL, INCLUDING LEAFY VEGETATION, SUCCULENT ROOTS, SHOOTS, TUBERS, AND GRASSES. FORBS AND
GRASSES THAT MAZAMA POCKET GOPHERS ARE KNOWN TO EAT INCLUDE, BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO: ACHILLEA
MILLEFOLIUM (COMMON YARROW), AGOSERIS SPP. (AGOSERIS), CIRSIUM SPP. (THISTLE), BROMUS SPP.
(BROME), CAMASSIA SPP. (CAMAS), COLLOMIA LINEARIS (TINY TRUMPET), EPILOBIUM SPP. (SEVERAL WILLOWHERB
SPP.), ERIOPHYLLUM LANATUM (WOOLLY SUNFLOWER), GAYOPHYTUM DIFFUSUM (GROUNDSMOKE), HYPOCHAERIS
RADICATA (HAIRY CAT'S EAR), LATHYRUS SPP. (PEAVINE), LUPINUS SPP. (LUPINE), MICROSTERIS GRACILIS (SLENDER
PHLOX), PENSTEMON SPP. (PENSTEMON), PERIDERIDIA GAIRDNERI (GAIRDNER'S YAMPAH), PHACELIA
HETEROPHYLLA (VARILEAF PHACELIA), POLYGONUM DOUGLASII (KNOTWEED), POTENTILLA SPP.
(CINQUEFOIL), PTERIDIUM AQUILINUM (BRACKEN FERN), TARAXACUM OFFICINALE (COMMON
DANDELION), TRIFOLIUM SPP. (CLOVER), AND VIOLA SPP. (VIOLET); AND
(C) FEW, IF ANY, BARRIERS TO DISPERSAL. BARRIERS TO DISPERSAL MAY INCLUDE, BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO, FOREST
EDGES, ROADS (PAVED AND UNPAVED), ABRUPT ELEVATION CHANGES, SCOT'S BROOM THICKETS, HIGHLY CULTIVATED
LAWNS, INHOSPITABLE SOIL TYPES OR SUBSTRATES, DEVELOPMENT AND BUILDINGS, SLOPES GREATER THAN 35
PERCENT, AND OPEN WATER.
(3) CRITICAL HABITAT DOES NOT INCLUDE MANMADE STRUCTURES (SUCH AS BUILDINGS, AQUEDUCTS, RUNWAYS,
ROADS, AND OTHER PAVED AREAS) AND THE LAND ON WHICH THEY ARE LOCATED EXISTING WITHIN THE LEGAL
BOUNDARIES ON MAY 9, 2014.
(4) CRITICAL HABITAT MAP UNITS. DATA LAYERS DEFINING THE MAP UNITS WERE CREATED ON 2010 AERIAL
PHOTOGRAPHY FROM U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, NATIONAL AGRICULTURE IMAGERY PROGRAM BASE MAPS
USING ARCMAP (ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, INC.), A COMPUTER GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION
SYSTEM (GIS) PROGRAM. THE MAP IN THIS ENTRY ESTABLISHES THE BOUNDARIES OF THE CRITICAL HABITAT
DESIGNATION. THE COORDINATES OR PLOT POINTS OR BOTH ON WHICH THE MAP IS BASED ARE AVAILABLE TO THE
PUBLIC AT THE SERVICE'S INTERNET SITE
AT HTTP://WWW.FWS.GOV/WAFWO/, AT HTTP://WWW.REGULATIONS.GOV (DOCKET NO. FWS-R1-ES-2013-0021), AND AT
THE FIELD OFFICE RESPONSIBLE FOR THIS DESIGNATION. YOU MAY OBTAIN FIELD OFFICE LOCATION INFORMATION BY
CONTACTING ONE OF THE SERVICE REGIONAL OFFICES, THE ADDRESSES OF WHICH ARE LISTED AT 50 CFR 2.2.
(5) TENALQUOT PRAIRIE AND ROCK PRAIRIE SUBUNITS, THURSTON COUNTY, WASHINGTON.
MAP FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER09AP14.002]
SILVER RICE RAT ( ORYZOMYS PALUSTRIS NATATOR (= O. ARGENTATUS )).
MONROE COUNTY, FLORIDA: LITTLE PINE KEY, WATER KEYS, BIG TORCH KEY, MIDDLE TORCH KEY, SUMMERLAND KEY
NORTH OF U.S. HIGHWAY 1, CUDJOE KEY NORTH OF U.S. HIGHWAY 1, JOHNSTON KEY, RACCOON KEY, AND LOWER
SADDLEBUNCH KEYS, SOUTH OF U.S. HIGHWAY 1 BUT NOT INCLUDING LANDS IN T. 67 S., R. 27 E., SECTION 8 AND
NORTH 1/5 OF SECTION 17. INCLUDED ARE ALL LANDS AND WATERS ABOVE MEAN LOW TIDE.
WITHIN THESE AREAS THE MAJOR CONSTITUENT ELEMENTS THAT ARE KNOWN TO REQUIRE SPECIAL MANAGEMENT
CONSIDERATIONS OR PROTECTION ARE MANGROVE SWAMPS CONTAINING RED ( RHIZOPHORA MANGLE ), BLACK
( AVICENNIA GERMINANS ), AND WHITE ( LAGUNCULARIA RACEMOSA ) MANGROVES, AND BUTTONWOOD ( CONOCARPUS
ERECTUS ); SALT MARSHES, SWALES, AND ADJACENT TRANSITIONAL WETLANDS CONTAINING SALTWORT ( BATIS
MARITIMA ), PERENNIAL GLASSWORT ( SALICORNIA VIRGINICA ), SALTGRASS ( DISTICHLIS SPICATA ), SEA OX-EYE
( BORRICHIA FRUTESCENS ), KEYGRASS ( MONANTHOCHLOE LITTORALIS ), AND COASTAL DROPSEED ( SPOROBOLUS
VIRGINICUS ); AND FRESH WATER MARSHES CONTAINING CATTAILS ( TYPHA DOMINGENSIS ), SAW-GRASS ( CLADIUM
JAMAICENSE ), AND CORDGRASS ( SPARTINA SPP.).
NOTE:
THE MAP PROVIDED IS FOR INFORMATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY. MAP FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: EC01JN91.018]
(CRITICAL HABITAT MAP)
PENINSULAR BIGHORN SHEEP, A DISTINCT POPULATION SEGMENT OF DESERT BIGHORN SHEEP ( OVIS CANADENSIS
NELSONI )
(1) CRITICAL HABITAT UNITS ARE DEPICTED FOR RIVERSIDE, SAN DIEGO, AND IMPERIAL COUNTIES, CALIFORNIA, ON THE
MAPS BELOW.
(2) THE PRIMARY CONSTITUENT ELEMENTS OF CRITICAL HABITAT FOR THE PENINSULAR BIGHORN SHEEP ARE:

(I) MODERATE TO STEEP, OPEN SLOPES (20 TO 60 PERCENT) AND CANYONS, WITH CANOPY COVER OF 30 PERCENT OR
LESS (BELOW 4,600 FT (1,402 M) ELEVATION IN PENINSULAR RANGES) THAT PROVIDE SPACE FOR SHELTERING,
PREDATOR DETECTION, REARING OF YOUNG, FORAGING AND WATERING, MATING, AND MOVEMENT WITHIN AND
BETWEEN EWE GROUPS;
(II) PRESENCE OF A VARIETY OF FORAGE PLANTS, INDICATED BY THE PRESENCE OF SHRUBS
(E.G., AMBROSIA SPP., CAESALPINIA SPP., HYPTIS SPP., SPHAERALCEA SPP., SIMMONDSIA SPP.), THAT PROVIDE A
PRIMARY FOOD SOURCE YEAR ROUND, GRASSES (E.G., ARISTIDA SPP., BROMUS SPP.) AND CACTI (E.G., OPUNTIA SPP.)
THAT PROVIDE A SOURCE OF FORAGE IN THE FALL, AND FORBS (E.G., PLANTAGO SPP., DITAXIS SPP.) THAT PROVIDE A
SOURCE OF FORAGE IN THE SPRING;
(III) STEEP, RUGGED SLOPES (60 PERCENT SLOPE OR GREATER) (BELOW 4,600 FT (1,402 M) ELEVATION IN PENINSULAR
RANGES) THAT PROVIDE SECLUDED SPACE FOR LAMBING AND TERRAIN FOR PREDATOR EVASION;
(IV) ALLUVIAL FANS, WASHES, AND VALLEY BOTTOMS THAT PROVIDE IMPORTANT FORAGING AREAS WHERE NUTRITIOUS
AND DIGESTIBLE PLANTS CAN BE MORE READILY FOUND DURING TIMES OF DROUGHT AND LACTATION, AND THAT
PROVIDE AND MAINTAIN HABITAT CONNECTIVITY BY SERVING AS TRAVEL ROUTES BETWEEN AND WITHIN EWE GROUPS,
ADJACENT MOUNTAIN RANGES, AND IMPORTANT RESOURCE AREAS (E.G., FORAGING AREAS AND ESCAPE TERRAIN);
AND
(V) INTERMITTENT AND PERMANENT WATER SOURCES THAT ARE AVAILABLE DURING EXTENDED DRY PERIODS AND
PROVIDE RELATIVELY NUTRITIOUS PLANTS AND DRINKING WATER.
(3) CRITICAL HABITAT DOES NOT INCLUDE MANMADE STRUCTURES (SUCH AS BUILDINGS, AQUEDUCTS, ROADS, AND
OTHER PAVED AREAS) AND THE LAND ON WHICH THEY ARE LOCATED EXISTING WITHIN THE LEGAL BOUNDARIES ON THE
EFFECTIVE DATE OF THIS RULE.
(4) CRITICAL HABITAT MAP UNITS. DATA LAYERS DEFINING MAP UNITS WERE CREATED ON A BASE OF USGS 1:24,000
MAPS, AND CRITICAL HABITAT UNITS WERE THEN MAPPED USING UNIVERSAL TRANSVERSE MERCATOR (UTM)
COORDINATES.
(5) NOTE: INDEX MAP OF CRITICAL HABITAT UNITS FOR THE PENINSULAR BIGHORN SHEEP FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER14AP09.000]
(6) UNIT 1: SAN JACINTO MOUNTAINS, RIVERSIDE COUNTY, CALIFORNIA.
(I) [RESERVED]
(II) MAP OF UNIT 1, SAN JACINTO MOUNTAINS (MAP 2) FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER14AP09.001]
(7) UNIT 2A: NORTH SANTA ROSA MOUNTAINS, RIVERSIDE COUNTY, CALIFORNIA.
(I) [RESERVED]
(II) MAP OF UNIT 2A, NORTH SANTA ROSA MOUNTAINS FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER14AP09.002]
(8) UNIT 2B: SOUTH SANTA ROSA MOUNTAINS SOUTH TO VALLECITO MOUNTAINS, RIVERSIDE, SAN DIEGO, AND IMPERIAL
COUNTIES, CALIFORNIA.
(I) [RESERVED]
(II) MAP OF UNIT 2B, SOUTH SANTA ROSA MOUNTAINS SOUTH TO VALLECITO MOUNTAINS FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER14AP09.003]
(9) UNIT 3: CARRIZO CANYON, SAN DIEGO AND IMPERIAL COUNTIES, CALIFORNIA.
(I) [RESERVED]
(II) MAP OF UNIT 3, CARRIZO CANYON FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER14AP09.004]
SIERRA NEVADA BIGHORN SHEEP ( OVIS CANADENSIS SIERRAE )
(1) CRITICAL HABITAT UNITS ARE DEPICTED FOR MONO, FRESNO, INYO, TULARE, AND TUOLUMNE COUNTIES,
CALIFORNIA, ON THE MAPS BELOW.
(2) THE PRIMARY CONSTITUENT ELEMENTS OF CRITICAL HABITAT FOR THE SIERRA NEVADA BIGHORN SHEEP ARE THE
HABITAT COMPONENTS THAT PROVIDE:
(I) NON-FORESTED HABITATS OR FOREST OPENINGS WITHIN THE SIERRA NEVADA FROM 4,000 FT (1,219 M) TO 14,500 FT
(4,420 M) IN ELEVATION WITH STEEP (GREATER THAN OR EQUAL TO 60 PERCENT SLOPE), ROCKY SLOPES THAT PROVIDE
FOR FORAGING, MATING, LAMBING, PREDATOR AVOIDANCE, AND BEDDING AND THAT ALLOW FOR SEASONAL
ELEVATIONAL MOVEMENTS BETWEEN THESE AREAS.
(II) PRESENCE OF A VARIETY OF FORAGE PLANTS AS INDICATED BY THE PRESENCE OF GRASSES
(E.G., ACHNANTHERA SPP.; ELYMUS SPP.) AND BROWSE (E.G., RIBES SPP.; ARTEMISIA SPP., PURSHIA SPP.) IN WINTER,
AND GRASSES, BROWSE, SEDGES (E.G., CAREX SPP.) AND FORBS (E.G., ERIOGONUM SPP.) IN SUMMER.

(III) PRESENCE OF GRANITE OUTCROPPINGS CONTAINING MINERALS SUCH AS SODIUM, CALCIUM, IRON, AND
PHOSPHORUS THAT COULD BE USED AS MINERAL LICKS IN ORDER TO MEET NUTRITIONAL NEEDS.
(3) CRITICAL HABITAT DOES NOT INCLUDE MANMADE STRUCTURES, SUCH AS BUILDINGS, AQUEDUCTS, AIRPORTS,
ROADS, AND OTHER PAVED AREAS, AND THE LAND ON WHICH THEY ARE LOCATED, EXISTING ON THE EFFECTIVE DATE
OF THIS RULE AND NOT CONTAINING ONE OR MORE OF THE PRIMARY CONSTITUENT ELEMENTS.
(4) CRITICAL HABITAT MAP UNITS —BOUNDARIES OF DESIGNATED CRITICAL HABITAT WERE DERIVED FROM SIERRA
NEVADA BIGHORN SHEEP HERD UNITS DEVELOPED BY THE CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND GAME FOR THE
FINAL SIERRA NEVADA BIGHORN SHEEP RECOVERY PLAN. THE DESIGNATED CRITICAL HABITAT UNIT BOUNDARIES
DIFFER FROM SIERRA NEVADA BIGHORN SHEEP HERD UNIT POLYGONS BY THE REMOVAL OF DEVELOPED AREAS AND
PRIVATE PARCELS THAT ARE UNLIKELY TO CONTAIN THE PRIMARY CONSTITUENT ELEMENTS. THE DATA WERE
PROJECTED TO UNIVERSAL TRANSVERSE MERCATOR (UTM), ZONE 11, ON THE NORTH AMERICAN DATUM OF 1983.
(5) NOTE: INDEX MAP OF SIERRA NEVADA BIGHORN SHEEP CRITICAL HABITAT FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER05AU08.000]
(6) UNIT 1 (MOUNT WARREN); MONO AND TUOLUMNE COUNTIES, CALIFORNIA.
(I) UNIT 1 IS SHOWN ON THE MAP IN PARAGRAPH (6)(II) OF THIS ENTRY, EXCLUDING LAND BOUNDED BY 304870, 4211718;
304755, 4211663; 304590, 4211666; 304426, 4211699; 304273, 4211615; 304237, 4211614; 304100, 4211575; 304119, 4211576;
304068, 4211562; 304036, 4211567; 303925, 4211593; 303824, 4211552; 303714, 4211495; 303668, 4211501; 303558, 4211486;
303473, 4211423; 303421, 4211366; 303381, 4211308; 303223, 4211322; 303176, 4211295; 303181, 4211202; 303103, 4211161;
303208, 4210962; 303418, 4211073; 303481, 4211022; 303500, 4211020; 303617, 4211098; 303675, 4211109; 303894, 4211096;
303983, 4211127; 304053, 4211125; 304053, 4211124; 304106, 4211121; 304460, 4211207; 304518, 4211250; 304590, 4211261;
304644, 4211303; 304747, 4211336; 304863, 4211395; 304882, 4211457; 305018, 4211524; 305128, 4211543; 305289, 4211677;
305397, 4211739; 305477, 4211807; 305515, 4211863; 305405, 4211903; 305374, 4211907; 305176, 4211813; 305029, 4211770;
RETURNING TO 304870, 4211718.
(II) MAP OF UNIT 1 MOUNT WARREN FOR SIERRA NEVADA BIGHORN SHEEP FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER05AU08.001]
(7) UNIT 2 (MOUNT GIBBS); MONO AND TUOLUMNE COUNTIES, CALIFORNIA.
(I) [RESERVED]
(II) MAP OF UNIT 2 (MOUNT GIBBS) FOR SIERRA NEVADA BIGHORN SHEEP FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER05AU08.002]
(8) UNIT 3 (CONVICT CREEK); FRESNO AND MONO COUNTIES, CALIFORNIA.
(I) [RESERVED]
(II) MAP OF UNIT 3 (CONVICT CREEK) FOR SIERRA NEVADA BIGHORN SHEEP FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER05AU08.003]
(9) UNIT 4 (WHEELER RIDGE); FRESNO, INYO AND MONO COUNTIES, CALIFORNIA.
(I) UNIT 4 IS SHOWN ON THE MAP IN PARAGRAPH (9)(II) OF THIS ENTRY, EXCLUDING
(A) LAND BOUNDED BY 352666, 4139452; 352330, 4139197; 352261, 4139018; 352280, 4139004; 352300, 4138988; 352332,
4138964; 352634, 4139235; 352732, 4139417; 352718, 4139424; 352718, 4139425; 352694, 4139437; 352694, 4139437; 352690,
4139439; 352687, 4139441; 352687, 4139441; RETURNING TO 352666, 4139452;
(B) LAND BOUNDED BY 350254, 4136280; 350216, 4136187; 350216, 4136187; 350178, 4136094; 350363, 4136018; 350402,
4136111; 350402, 4136111; 350440, 4136204; 350478, 4136296; 350305, 4136368; 350300, 4136361; 350295, 4136351; 350293,
4136348; 350287, 4136341; 350283, 4136338; 350280, 4136335; 350276, 4136333; 350276, 4136333; RETURNING TO 350254,
4136280; AND
(C) LAND BOUNDED BY 349527, 4136002; 349500, 4136201; 349450, 4136194; 349408, 4136200; 349404, 4136201; 349391,
4136206; 349321, 4136238; 349317, 4136223; 349126, 4136278; 349099, 4136181; 349045, 4135990; 349139, 4135963; 349138,
4135962; 349235, 4135934; 349212, 4135851; 349308, 4135823; 349406, 4135799; 349478, 4135988; 349478, 4135995;
RETURNING TO 349527, 4136002.
(II) MAP OF UNIT 4 (WHEELER RIDGE) FOR SIERRA NEVADA BIGHORN SHEEP FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER05AU08.004]
(10) UNIT 5 (TABOOSE CREEK); FRESNO AND INYO COUNTIES, CALIFORNIA.
(I) [RESERVED]
(II) MAP OF UNIT 5 (TABOOSE CREEK) FOR SIERRA NEVADA BIGHORN SHEEP FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER05AU08.005]
(11) UNIT 6 (SAWMILL CANYON); FRESNO AND INYO COUNTIES, CALIFORNIA.
(I) [RESERVED]
(II) MAP OF UNIT 6 (SAWMILL CANYON) FOR SIERRA NEVADA BIGHORN SHEEP FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER05AU08.006]
(12) UNIT 7 (MOUNT BAXTER); FRESNO AND INYO COUNTIES, CALIFORNIA.
(I) [RESERVED]
(II) MAP OF UNIT 7 (MOUNT BAXTER) FOR SIERRA NEVADA BIGHORN SHEEP FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER05AU08.007]
(13) UNIT 8 (MOUNT WILLIAMSON); INYO AND TULARE COUNTIES, CALIFORNIA.
(I) [RESERVED]
(II) MAP OF UNIT 8 (MOUNT WILLIAMSON) FOR SIERRA NEVADA BIGHORN SHEEP FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER05AU08.008]
(14) UNIT 9 (BIG ARROYO); TULARE COUNTY, CALIFORNIA.
(I) [RESERVED]
(II) MAP OF UNIT 9 (BIG ARROYO) FOR SIERRA NEVADA BIGHORN SHEEP FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER05AU08.009]
(15) UNIT 10 (MOUNT LANGLEY); INYO AND TULARE COUNTIES, CALIFORNIA.
(I) [RESERVED]
(II) MAP OF UNIT 10 (MOUNT LANGLEY) FOR SIERRA NEVADA BIGHORN SHEEP FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER05AU08.010]
(16) UNIT 11 (LAUREL CREEK); TULARE COUNTY, CALIFORNIA.
(I) [RESERVED]
(II) MAP OF UNIT 11 (LAUREL CREEK) FOR SIERRA NEVADA BIGHORN SHEEP FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER05AU08.011]
(17) UNIT 12 (OLANCHA PEAK); INYO AND TULARE COUNTIES, CALIFORNIA.
(I) [RESERVED]
(II) MAP OF UNIT 12 (OLANCHA PEAK) FOR SIERRA NEVADA BIGHORN SHEEP FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER05AU08.012]
BUENA VISTA LAKE SHREW ( SOREX ORNATUS RELICTUS )
(1) CRITICAL HABITAT UNITS ARE DEPICTED FOR KINGS AND KERN COUNTIES, CALIFORNIA, ON THE MAPS BELOW.
(2) WITHIN THESE AREAS, THE PRIMARY CONSTITUENT ELEMENTS OF THE PHYSICAL OR BIOLOGICAL FEATURES
ESSENTIAL TO THE CONSERVATION OF THE BUENA VISTA LAKE SHREW CONSIST OF PERMANENT AND INTERMITTENT
RIPARIAN OR WETLAND COMMUNITIES THAT CONTAIN:
(I) A COMPLEX VEGETATIVE STRUCTURE WITH A THICK COVER OF LEAF LITTER OR DENSE MATS OF LOW-LYING
VEGETATION. ASSOCIATED PLANT SPECIES CAN INCLUDE, BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO, FREMONT COTTONWOODS,
WILLOWS, GLASSWORT, WILD-RYE GRASS, AND RUSH GRASS. ALTHOUGH MOIST SOIL IN AREAS WITH AN OVERSTORY OF
WILLOWS OR COTTONWOODS APPEARS TO BE FAVORED, SUCH OVERSTORY MAY NOT BE ESSENTIAL.
(II) SUITABLE MOISTURE SUPPLIED BY A SHALLOW WATER TABLE, IRRIGATION, OR PROXIMITY TO PERMANENT OR
SEMIPERMANENT WATER.
(III) A CONSISTENT AND DIVERSE SUPPLY OF PREY. ALTHOUGH THE SPECIFIC PREY SPECIES USED BY THE BUENA VISTA
LAKE SHREW HAVE NOT BEEN IDENTIFIED, ORNATE SHREWS ARE KNOWN TO EAT A VARIETY OF TERRESTRIAL AND
AQUATIC INVERTEBRATES, INCLUDING AMPHIPODS, SLUGS, AND INSECTS.
(3) CRITICAL HABITAT DOES NOT INCLUDE MANMADE STRUCTURES (SUCH AS BUILDINGS, AQUEDUCTS, RUNWAYS,
ROADS, AND OTHER PAVED AREAS) AND THE LAND ON WHICH THEY ARE LOCATED EXISTING WITHIN THE LEGAL
BOUNDARIES ON THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF THIS RULE.
(4) CRITICAL HABITAT MAP UNITS. DATA LAYERS DEFINING MAP UNITS WERE CREATED ON A BASE OF USGS 7.5′
QUADRANGLES, AND CRITICAL HABITAT UNITS WERE THEN MAPPED USING UNIVERSAL TRANSVERSE MERCATOR (UTM)
COORDINATES. THE MAPS IN THIS ENTRY, AS MODIFIED BY ANY ACCOMPANYING REGULATORY TEXT, ESTABLISH THE
BOUNDARIES OF THE CRITICAL HABITAT DESIGNATION. THE COORDINATES OR PLOT POINTS OR BOTH ON WHICH EACH
MAP IS BASED ARE AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC AT HTTP://CRITICALHABITAT.FWS.GOV/CRITHAB/, AND
AT HTTP://WWW.REGULATIONS.GOV AT DOCKET NO. FWS-R8-ES-2009-0062, AND AT THE FIELD OFFICE RESPONSIBLE
FOR THIS DESIGNATION. YOU MAY OBTAIN FIELD OFFICE LOCATION INFORMATION BY CONTACTING ONE OF OUR
REGIONAL OFFICES, THE ADDRESSES OF WHICH ARE LISTED AT 50 CFR 2.2.
(5) INDEX MAP OF BUENA VISTA LAKE SHREW CRITICAL HABITAT UNITS FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER02JY13.002]
(6) UNIT 1: KERN NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE UNIT, KERN COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. NOTE: MAP OF UNIT 1, KERN NATIONAL
WILDLIFE REFUGE UNIT, FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER02JY13.003]
(7) UNIT 2: GOOSE LAKE UNIT, KERN COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. NOTE: MAP OF UNIT 2, GOOSE LAKE UNIT, FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER02JY13.004]
(8) UNIT 4: COLES LEVEE UNIT, KERN COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. NOTE: MAP OF UNIT 4, COLES LEVEE UNIT, FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER02JY13.005]
(9) UNIT 5: KERN LAKE UNIT, KERN COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. NOTE: MAP OF UNIT 5, KERN LAKE UNIT, FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER02JY13.006]
(10) UNIT 6: SEMITROPIC ECOLOGICAL RESERVE UNIT, KERN COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. NOTE: MAP OF UNIT 6, SEMITROPIC
ECOLOGICAL RESERVE UNIT, FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER02JY13.007]
(11) UNIT 7: LEMOORE WETLAND RESERVE UNIT, KINGS COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. NOTE: MAP OF UNIT 7, LEMOORE WETLAND
RESERVE UNIT, FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: ER02JY13.008]
MOUNT GRAHAM RED SQUIRREL ( TAMIASCIURUS HUDSONICUS GRAHAMENSIS )
ARIZONA. AREAS OF LAND, WATER, AND AIRSPACE IN THE CORONADO NATIONAL FOREST, T. 8 S., R. 24 E., AND T. 9 S., R.
24 E. (GILA AND SALT RIVER MERIDIAN), GRAHAM COUNTY, WITH THE FOLLOWING COMPONENTS:
1. HAWK PEAK-MOUNT GRAHAM AREA. THE AREA ABOVE THE 10,000-FOOT (3,048-METER) CONTOUR SURROUNDING
HAWK PEAK AND PLAIN VIEW PEAK, PLUS THE AREA ABOVE THE 9,800-FOOT (2,987-METER) CONTOUR THAT IS SOUTH OF
LINES EXTENDING FROM THE HIGHEST POINT OF PLAIN VIEW PEAK EASTWARD AT 90° (FROM TRUE NORTH) AND
SOUTHWESTWARD AT 225° (FROM TRUE NORTH).
2. HELIOGRAPH PEAK AREA. THE AREA ON THE NORTH-FACING SLOPE OF HELIOGRAPH PEAK THAT IS ABOVE THE 9,200FOOT (2,804-METER) CONTOUR SURROUNDING HELIOGRAPH PEAK AND THAT IS BETWEEN A LINE EXTENDING AT 15°
(FROM TRUE NORTH) FROM A POINT 160 FEET (49 METERS) DUE SOUTH OF THE HORIZONTAL CONTROL STATION ON
HELIOGRAPH PEAK AND A LINE EXTENDING NORTHWESTWARD AT 300° (FROM TRUE NORTH) FROM THAT SAME POINT.
3. WEBB PEAK AREA. THE AREA ON THE EAST-FACING SLOPE OF WEBB PEAK THAT IS ABOVE THE 9,700-FOOT (2,957METER) CONTOUR SURROUNDING WEBB PEAK AND THAT IS EAST OF A LINE EXTENDING DUE NORTH AND SOUTH
THROUGH A POINT 160 FEET (49 METERS) DUE WEST OF THE HORIZONTAL CONTROL STATION ON WEBB PEAK.
THE MAJOR CONSTITUENT ELEMENT IS DENSE STANDS OF MATURE SPRUCE-FIR FOREST.
NOTE:
THE MAP PROVIDED IS FOR INFORMATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY. MAP FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: EC01JN91.019]
AMARGOSA VOLE ( MICROTUS CALIFORNICUS SCIRPENSIS )
CALIFORNIA. MARSHES AND ASSOCIATED LAND AND WATER IN THE FOLLOWING AREAS OF INYO COUNTY (SAN
BERNARDINO MERIDIAN): T20N R7E SEC. 4, 5, N1/2 AND SE1/4 SEC. 9, NW1/4 SEC. 10, SW1/4SW1/4 SEC. 15, E1/2 SEC. 16,
NW1/4 SEC. 22; T21N R7E S1/2 SEC. 28, S1/2 AND NW1/4 SEC. 29, SEC. 32, 33.
WITHIN THESE AREAS, THE MAJOR CONSTITUENT ELEMENTS THAT ARE KNOWN TO REQUIRE SPECIAL MANAGEMENT
CONSIDERATIONS OR PROTECTION ARE MARSH VEGETATION (PRIMARILY BULRUSHES OF THE GENUS SCIRPUS ),
SPRINGS, AND SOME OPEN WATER ALONG THE AMARGOSA RIVER, WHICH PROVIDE ESCAPE COVER AND AN ADEQUATE
FOOD SUPPLY.
NOTE:
THE MAP PROVIDED IS FOR INFORMATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY. MAP FOLLOWS:

[PLEASE SEE PDF FOR IMAGE: EC01JN91.020]
GRAY WOLF ( CANIS LUPUS )
MICHIGAN. ISLE ROYALE NATIONAL PARK.
MINNESOTA. AREAS OF LAND, WATER, AND AIRSPACE IN BELTRAMI, COOK, ITASCA, KOOCHICHING, LAKE, LAKE OF THE
WOODS, ROSEAU, AND ST. LOUIS COUNTIES, WITH BOUNDARIES (4TH AND 5TH PRINCIPAL MERIDIANS) IDENTICAL TO
THOSE OF ZONES 1, 2, AND 3, AS DELINEATED IN § 17.40(D)(L).

[42 FR 47840, Sept. 22, 1977]

Editorial Notes: 1. For Federal Register citations affecting § 17.95, see the List of
CFR Sections Affected, which appears in the Finding Aids section of the printed
volume and at www.govinfo.gov.
2. The remainder of § 17.95 appears in 50 Part 17, § 17.95(b), 50 Part 17, § 17.95(c) to § 17.95(e), and 50
Part 17, § 17.95(f) to end of § 17.95.

FINDING AIDS
A list of CFR titles, subtitles, chapters, subchapters and parts and an alphabetical list
of agencies publishing in the CFR are included in the CFR Index and Finding Aids
volume to the Code of Federal Regulations which is published separately and revised
annually.
Table of CFR Titles and Chapters
Alphabetical List of Agencies Appearing in the CFR
List of CFR Sections Affected