1552 National Survey of Drowsy Driving Knowledge, Attitudes,

OMB Control Number: XXXXXXX

Expiration Date: XX/XX/XXXX

Under the Paperwork Reduction Act, a federal agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to collection of information subject to the requirements of the Paperwork Reduction Act unless that collection of information displays a current valid OMB Control number. The OMB Control Number for this information collection is XXXX-XXXX (expiration date: MM/DD/YYYY). The average amount of time to complete the “Drowsy Driving Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors Survey” is 20 minutes. If you have comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden send them to Information Collection Clearance Officer, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 1200 New Jersey Ave, S.E., Washington, DC, 20590.

The “Drowsy Driving Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors Survey” is part of a research project to help us develop strategies to prevent drowsy driving. All responses to this collection of information are voluntary. There are no anticipated risks to participating in this study. No personal identifiable information is requested as part of the research or will be associated with your responses. You may discontinue participation at any time without penalty.

National Survey of Drowsy Driving

Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors

Thank you for taking part in the National Survey of Drowsy Driving Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors.

SURVEY INSTRUCTIONS

For each question, please fill in the circle indicating the most appropriate answer.

For example:

CORRECT

INCORRECT

Please answer all questions unless directed otherwise. For some questions, you will see instructions telling you to skip ahead to other questions in the survey. If you do not feel comfortable answering a question, please move to the next question with which you feel comfortable.

When you have completed the survey, please return it in the enclosed postage-paid envelope.

IF YOU HAVE ANY QUESTIONS:

Call: 844-333-9484

Email: [email protected]

Please return in the enclosed postage-paid envelope to:

XXX

XXX

XXX

Who Should Take This Survey?

A. Are you 18 years or older?

◯ Yes

If you answered "No" to QA or QB—

Stop. Please do not proceed.

Return in the envelope provided.

We thank you for your participation!

◯ No

B. Have you driven a motor vehicle in the past month?

◯ Yes

◯ No

If you answered “Yes” to each of the previous two questions, we invite you to participate in the

National Survey of Drowsy Driving Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors!

In this survey, we are going to ask about falling asleep or nodding off, even for a moment, while driving.

ID: XXX XXX

Please read the following statements carefully and respond by filling in the number that best describes your opinion. Please use the scale shown to the right.  Fill in one circled number for each item.	1 = Strongly disagree 2 = Disagree 3 = Somewhat disagree 4 = No opinion 5 = Somewhat agree 6 = Agree 7 = Strongly agree	N/A= Not Applic-able
1. It is important for my state to have a law to reduce falling asleep/nodding off while driving that makes it a traffic violation (similar to a serious moving violation like reckless driving).	① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦
2. It is a threat to my personal safety if I drive and fall asleep/nod off.	① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦
3. Falling asleep/nodding off while driving is dangerous.	① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦
4. When I am falling asleep/nodding off before beginning a trip, it is extremely important to find an alternate way to get to my destination (other than driving myself).	① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦
5. When others on the road fall asleep/nod off while driving, it is a threat to me and/or my family’s safety.	① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦
6. When my family rides in the car with me, it is a threat to my family’s personal safety if I fall asleep/nod off while driving.	① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦
7. I can lower my risk of being in a crash by not driving when I am falling asleep/nodding off.	① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦
8. I think most of my friends don't drive when they are falling asleep/nodding off.	① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦
9. I think most of my family doesn't drive when they are falling asleep/nodding off.	① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦
10. Most people who are important to me think that I should never drive if I am falling asleep/nodding off.	① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦
11. My work would not accept falling asleep/nodding off while driving to work as a valid excuse for being late.	① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦
12. It is extremely important for me to avoid driving when I am falling asleep/nodding off.	① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦

Please read the following statements carefully and respond by filling in the number that best describes your opinion. Please use the scale shown to the right.  Fill in one circled number for each item.	1 = Strongly disagree 2 = Disagree 3 = Somewhat disagree 4 = No opinion 5 = Somewhat agree 6 = Agree 7 = Strongly agree			N/A = Not Applic-able
13. It is difficult for me to avoid driving when I am falling asleep/nodding off because of my responsibilities.		① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦
14. (Thinking of the most recent time you were driving falling asleep/nodding off) - I believe I could have avoided driving.		① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦
15. I usually have enough spare money that I could afford to take a ride service like Uber, Lyft, or a taxi if I was falling asleep/nodding off.		① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦
16. I often have sleep disruptions that result in me driving without getting enough sleep.		① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦
17. I have close friends and/or family who can drive so I don't have to drive if I'm falling asleep/nodding off.		① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦
18. There is enough flexibility in my schedule that I can sleep longer before having to drive if I am falling asleep/nodding off.		① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦
19. I can generally avoid driving late at night or at times when I would normally be sleeping.		① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦
20. In the future if I find myself falling asleep/nodding off and need to go somewhere, I will find an alternate mode of transportation or not go.		① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦
21. If I only had 4 hours of sleep the night before work or an important event, I would probably still drive.		① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦
22. If I find myself falling asleep/nodding off before getting on the road, I will still drive.		① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦
23. I intend to not drive if I am falling asleep/nodding off.		① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦
24. I plan to get about 8 hours of sleep per night during the next work week.		① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦

The next set of questions ask about your experience falling asleep or nodding off,

even for a moment, while driving.

25. Have you ever fallen asleep or nodded off, even for a moment, while driving?

◯ Yes – CONTINUE

◯ No – SKIP TO QUESTION 45 ON PAGE 6

If you answered “Yes” to question 25, answer questions 26 to 44:

26. In the past 30 days, how many times have you fallen asleep or nodded off, even for a moment, while driving?

◯ None

◯ Once

◯ 2-3 times

◯ 4-6 times

◯ 7-9 times

◯ 10+ times

27. Thinking of the most recent time that you drove and fell asleep/nodded off, how long ago was it?

◯ Within the past 30 days

◯ 31 days – 6 months ago

◯ More than 6 months ago but less than 12 months ago

◯ 12 months ago or more

28. Thinking of the most recent time that you drove and fell asleep/nodded off, what time of day was it?

◯ 6 am – 11:59 am

◯ Noon – 5:59 pm

◯ 6 pm – 11:59 pm

◯ Midnight – 5:59 am

◯ I don’t know

29. Thinking of the most recent time that you drove and fell asleep/nodded off, were you driving as part of your job (paid employment)?

◯ Yes

◯ No

30. Thinking of the most recent time that you drove and fell asleep/nodded off, how long had you been driving?

◯ 30 minutes or less

◯ More than 30 minutes, but less than 1 hour

◯ 1 hour to less than 2 hours

◯ 2 hours to less than 3 hours

◯ 3 hours to less than 4 hours

◯ 4 hours to less than 5 hours

◯ 5 hours to less than 6 hours

◯ 6 hours or more

◯ I don’t know

31. Thinking of the most recent time that you drove and fell asleep/nodded off, what type of road were you on?

◯ Multi-lane highway with speed limits of 55 mph or above

◯ Non-interstate multi-lane roads with speed limits of 45 mph or above

◯ Two lane rural roads with one lane of traffic traveling in each direction, with speed limits of 45 mph or above

◯ City, town, or neighborhood street with speed limits of less than 45 mph

◯ I don’t know

32. Before the most recent time that you drove and fell asleep/nodded off, how many hours did you sleep in the 24 hours before you drove?

◯ Less than 4 hours

◯ 4 hours to less than 5 hours

◯ 5 hours to less than 6 hours

◯ 6 hours to less than 7 hours

◯ 7 hours to less than 8 hours

◯ 8 hours or more

◯ I don’t know

In the following yes/no questions, we are still referring to falling asleep or nodding off,

even for a moment, while driving.

Thinking of the most recent time you fell asleep or nodded off, even for a moment, while driving…	Yes	No	I don’t know
33. Did you run off the road?	◯	◯	◯
34. Did you cross the centerline?	◯	◯	◯
35. Did you drift into the other lane or onto the shoulder?	◯	◯	◯
36. Did you miss your exit?	◯	◯	◯
37. Did you get in a crash?	◯	◯	◯
38. Did you forget driving the last few miles?	◯	◯	◯
39. Did you unintentionally decrease your speed?	◯	◯	◯
40. Did you intentionally increase your speed (to get to your destination quicker)?	◯	◯	◯
41. Did you experience being startled awake?	◯	◯	◯
42. Did you get pulled over by the police?	◯	◯	◯
43. Did you consume alcoholic beverages (wine, beer, or liquor) within two hours prior to the most recent time you drove drowsy?	◯	◯	◯
44. Did you take medication(s) or other drugs (legal or illegal) that made you drowsy within two hours prior to the most recent time you were driving drowsy?	◯	◯	◯

All respondents continue at Q45. Next are a few questions about drowsy driving in your state.

45. Does your State have a law banning drowsy driving?

◯ Yes

◯ No

◯ I don’t know

46. Do you support State laws banning drowsy driving?

◯ Yes

◯ No

◯ I don’t know

47. Do you believe that drivers who drive and fall asleep/nod off should be ticketed (similar to a serious moving violation like reckless driving)?

◯ Yes

◯ No

◯ I don’t know

48. Do you believe people are receiving tickets (similar to a serious moving violation like reckless driving) for driving and falling asleep/nodding off?

◯ Yes

◯ No

◯ I don’t know

49. If you are driving and falling asleep/nodding off, what is the likelihood that you will get a ticket?

◯ Very likely

◯ Somewhat likely

◯ Somewhat unlikely

◯ Very unlikely

50. In the past year, do you recall seeing or hearing any information or messages about the dangers of drowsy driving in your state?

◯ Yes – CONTINUE

◯ No – SKIP TO QUESTION 60 ON PAGE 7

If you answered “yes” to question 50, answer questions 51-59: Did you see/hear the information/messages about the dangers of drowsy driving...?	Yes	No	I don’t know
51. In a television ad	◯	◯	◯
52. On an electronic road sign or billboard	◯	◯	◯
53. In news or magazine articles	◯	◯	◯
54. On social media such as Facebook, Twitter, or Instagram	◯	◯	◯
55. On the radio	◯	◯	◯
56. From managers at your workplace	◯	◯	◯
57. From coworkers at your workplace	◯	◯	◯
58. From friends/family	◯	◯	◯
59. From a doctor or health care professional	◯	◯	◯

All respondents continue at question 60.

In general, if you feel like you might fall asleep/nod off while driving, do you do any of the following to wake up?	Yes	No
60. Pull over and take a nap	◯	◯
61. Open the window	◯	◯
62. Play music or radio	◯	◯
63. Get out of the car and stretch/exercise	◯	◯
64. Ask someone else in the car to drive	◯	◯
65.a. Speak to a friend on the phone 65.b. Speak to a passenger in the car	◯ ◯	◯ ◯
66. Eat	◯	◯
67. Sing out loud	◯	◯
68. Get coffee/caffeinated beverage	◯	◯

The next set of questions (questions 69–81) ask about when you have felt tired or sleepy enough while driving that you thought you might fall asleep or nod off, even though you didn’t. These questions are similar to the questions above; however, please keep in mind that we are now talking about feeling tired or sleepy enough while driving that you thought you might fall asleep or nod off, even though you didn’t.

69. In the past 30 days, how many times have you felt tired or sleepy enough while driving that you thought you might fall asleep or nod off even though you didn’t?

◯ None- CONTINUE TO QUESTION 70

◯ Once

For 1-10+ times SKIP TO QUESTION 71 ON PAGE 8

◯ 2-3 times

◯ 4-6 times

◯ 7-9 times

◯ 10+ times

70. Have you ever felt tired or sleepy enough while driving that you thought you might fall asleep of nod off, even though you didn’t?

◯ Yes– CONTINUE

◯ No– SKIP TO QUESTION 82 ON PAGE 8

Thinking of the most recent time you felt tired or sleepy enough while driving that you thought you might fall asleep or nod off, even though you didn’t…	Yes	No	I don’t know
71. Did you run off the road?	◯	◯	◯
72. Did you cross the centerline?	◯	◯	◯
73. Did you drift into the other lane or onto the shoulder?	◯	◯	◯
74. Did you miss your exit?	◯	◯	◯
75. Did you get in a crash?	◯	◯	◯
76. Did you forget driving the last few miles?	◯	◯	◯
77. Did you unintentionally decrease your speed?	◯	◯	◯
78. Did you intentionally increase your speed (to get to your destination quicker)?	◯	◯	◯
79. Did you get pulled over by the police?	◯	◯	◯
80. Did you consume alcoholic beverages (wine, beer, or liquor) within two hours of the most recent time you drove drowsy?	◯	◯	◯
81. Did you take medication(s) or other drugs (legal or illegal) that made you drowsy within two hours prior to the most recent time you were driving drowsy?	◯	◯	◯

82. How often do you drive a motor vehicle?

◯ Every day

◯ Almost every day

◯ A few days a week

◯ A few days a month

◯ A few days a year

83. How often do you drive a motor vehicle at night, after 9:00 PM?

◯ Every day

◯ Almost every day

◯ A few days a week

◯ A few days a month

◯ A few days a year

◯ I never drive after 9:00 at night

The following are some questions related to health conditions that may affect your sleep.	Yes	No	I don’t know
84. Are you currently taking any medications or supplements that have a drowsiness warning on the label?	◯	◯	◯
85. Are you currently taking any medications or supplements that cause you to feel drowsy?	◯	◯	◯
86. Has a medical professional ever personally advised you that a medication you have been prescribed may make you drowsy and affect your ability to drive?	◯	◯	◯
87. Do you snore loudly (louder than talking or loud enough to be heard through closed doors)?	◯	◯	◯
88. Do you often feel sleepy during the daytime?	◯	◯	◯
89. Has anyone observed you stop breathing during your sleep?	◯	◯	◯
90. Are you currently being treated for high blood pressure?	◯	◯	◯

91. On average, how many hours of sleep do you get per day, not including naps?

◯ Less than 4 hours

◯ 4 hours to less than 5 hours

◯ 5 hours to less than 6 hours

◯ 6 hours to less than 7 hours

◯ 7 hours to less than 8 hours

◯ 8 hours or more

◯ I don’t know

92. How often do you take prescription medications to help you sleep?

◯ Never

◯ 1 – 2 times per year

◯ 3 – 5 times per year

◯ 6 – 11 times per year

◯ Once or twice a month but less than weekly

◯ 1 – 2 times per week

◯ 3 – 4 times per week

◯ 5 – 6 times per week

◯Every day

93. How often do you take over-the-counter (OTC) medications to help you sleep?

◯ Never

◯ 1 – 2 times per year

◯ 3 – 5 times per year

◯ 6 – 11 times per year

◯ Once or twice a month but less than weekly

◯ 1 – 2 times per week

◯ 3 – 4 times per week

◯ 5 – 6 times per week

◯ Every day

IF YES TO ANY, ANSWER Q98

Have you been told by a medical professional that you have:	Yes	No
94. Sleep apnea?	◯	◯
95. Narcolepsy?	◯	◯
96. Insomnia?	◯	◯
97. Restless leg syndrome?	◯	◯

98. If you answered “Yes” to 94, 95, 96, or 97, are your sleep disorder(s) currently being treated?

◯ Yes

◯ No

◯ I have more than one sleep disorder and some are being treated but others are not

All respondents continue at question 99.

99. Over the past three months, how often have you had difficulty falling asleep, difficulty staying asleep, or problems with waking up too early?

◯ Never

◯ Once or twice

◯ At least once or twice a month but not every week

◯ 1 – 2 times per week

◯ 3 – 4 times per week

◯ 5 – 6 times per week

◯ Every day

Now we have some questions about your work.

For this set of questions work is defined as paid employment.

1. Do you currently have paid employment that is not work from home?

2. Did you have paid employment prior to COVID-19 that was not work from home?

If you answered “yes” to either a or b, please answer the following questions.

If you did not answer “yes” to either a or b, please skip this section and go to question 108.

100. How many hours do (did) you generally work in a week?

◯ 1 hour – less than 10 hours

◯ 10 hours – less than 20 hours

◯ 20 hours – less than 30 hours

◯ 30 hours – less than 40 hours

◯ 40 hours – less than 50 hours

◯ 50 hours or more

101. How many days do (did) you generally work in a week?

◯ 1 day

◯ 2 days

◯ 3 days

◯ 4 days

◯ 5 days

◯ 6 days

◯ 7 days

102. How many days do (did) you generally work at home in a week?

◯ 0 days

◯ 1 day

◯ 2 days

◯ 3 days

◯ 4 days

◯ 5 days

◯ 6 days

◯ 7 days

103. What shift do (did) you generally work?

◯ Day

◯ Afternoon

◯ Night

◯ Rotating between day, afternoon, and/or night

104. What time do (did) you usually begin work?

_______:_______

105. What time does (did) your work usually end?

_______:_______

106. If you drive (drove) to work, how long is (was) your commute one way?

◯ 30 minutes or less

◯ More than 30 minutes but less than 60 minutes

◯ At least 60 minutes but less than 90 minutes

◯ 90 minutes or more

◯ I don’t drive to work

107. Not counting commuting from your home to your workplace and back, how often do (did) you drive as part of performing your job duties?

◯ I never drive as part of performing my job duties

◯ I occasionally drive as part of performing my job duties

◯ I frequently drive as part of performing my job duties

◯ Driving is my primary job

All respondents continue at question 108.

108. Are taxis, Uber, Lyft, or other ride share services available where you live?

◯ Yes

◯ No

The following questions help us to understand what kind of people are participating in the drowsy driving survey.

109. How old are you?

_______________________________ (write in your age)

110. How do you currently identify yourself?

◯ Female

◯ Male

◯ I don’t identify as male or female

◯ I prefer not to say

111. Which of the following describes your race? You can select as many as apply.

◯ American Indian or Alaska Native

◯ Asian

◯ Black or African American

◯ Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander

◯ White

112. What is your ethnicity?

◯ Hispanic or Latino

◯ Not Hispanic or Latino

113. What is the highest degree or level of school you have completed?

◯ Some high school, no diploma

◯ High school graduate or GED Equivalent

◯ Associate Degree

◯ Bachelor’s Degree

◯ Advanced Degree

114. What is your total annual household income before taxes?

◯ Less than $24,999

◯ $25,000 - $49,999

◯ $50,000 - $74,999

◯ $75,000 - $99,999

◯ $100,000 or greater

◯ I prefer not to say

That completes the National Survey of Drowsy Driving Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors.

Thank you very much for your participation!

NHTSA Form 1552 Page 1