QID Agricultural Resource Management Survey - Winter Wheat P

Non-substantive change request to Maryland Pesticide Use Survey

0218 - 2019 ARMS II Winter Wheat PPR - Rev

Agricultural Resource Management, Chemical Use, and Contractor Expense Surveys

OMB: 0535-0218

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AGRICULTURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT SURVEY


OMB No. 0535-0218

Approval Expires: 07/31/2021

Project Code: 906

SMetaKey: 1347

Phase II


NATIONAL

AGRICULTURAL

STATISTICS

SERVICE









National Agricultural Statistics Service

U.S Department of Agriculture

NOC Division

9700 Page Avenue, Suite 400

St. Louis, MO 63132-1547

Phone: 1-888-424-7828

Fax: 1-855-415-3687

E-mail: [email protected]


WINTER WHEAT PRODUCTION PRACTICES REPORT FOR 2019

VERSION


71

ID


___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___

TRACT


01

SUBTRACT


___ ___

C-TYPE


125


CONTACT RECORD

DATE

TIME

NOTES










INTRODUCTION:

[Introduce yourself, and ask for the operator. Rephrase in your own words.]


We are collecting information on practices used to produce winter wheat and need your help to make the information as accurate as possible. The information you provide will be used for statistical purposes only. Your responses will be kept confidential and any person who willfully discloses ANY identifiable information about you or your operation is subject to a jail term, a fine, or both. This survey is conducted in accordance with the Confidential Information Protection provisions of Title V, subtitle A, Public Law 107-347 and other applicable Federal laws. For more information on how we protect your information please visit: https://www.nass.usda.gov/confidentiality. Response to this survey is voluntary. We encourage you to refer to your farm records during the interview.


According to the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, an agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to, a collection of information unless it displays a valid OMB control number. The valid OMB control number for this information collection is 0535-0218. The time required to complete this information collection is estimated to average 50 minutes per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information.


H H M M


SCREENING BOX


BEGINNING TIME

[MILITARY]

0004



0006


___ ___ ___ ___



[Name, address and partners verified and updated if necessary]

POID __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __

POID __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __

PARTNER NAME

PARTNER NAME

ADDRESS

ADDRESS

CITY

STATE

ZIP

PHONE NUMBER

CITY

STATE

ZIP

PHONE NUMBER

POID __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __

POID __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __

PARTNER NAME

PARTNER NAME

ADDRESS

ADDRESS

CITY

STATE

ZIP

PHONE NUMBER

CITY

STATE

ZIP

PHONE NUMBER

A

WINTER WHEAT FIELD SELECTION

A


TOTAL PLANTED ACRES

1. How many total acres of winter wheat did this operation plant for the 2019 crop year? . . . . . . . . .

0050

.____

[If no acres were planted, review Screening Survey Information Form, make notes, then go to Conclusion on back page.]

I will follow a simple procedure to make a random selection from the winter wheat fields planted for the 2019 crop.

2. What is the TOTAL number of winter wheat fields that were planted on this operation?

[If only one field, enter “1” and go to item 5.] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

TOTAL NUMBER OF FIELDS PLANTED

0020



3. Please list these fields according to identifying name/number or describe each field, then I will tell you which field has been selected. [If there are more than 18 fields, make sure item 2 is TOTAL fields planted, and list only the 18 fields closest to the operator’s permanent residence. If respondent is unable to identify or describe the fields, use the Field Selection Grid Supplement.]






FIELD NAME, NUMBER OR DESCRIPTION


FIELD NAME, NUMBER OR DESCRIPTION

1


10

2


11

3


12

4


13

5


14

6


15

7


16

8


17

9


18
























APPLY “RANDOM NUMBER” LABEL HERE



OFFICE USE

OY Field Substituted


0022




4. [ENUMERATOR ACTION: Circle the pair of numbers on the above label associated with

the last numbered field in item 3. Select the field according to the number you circled on

the label, and record the selected number. If only one field, enter 1.] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SELECTED FIELD

NUMBER

0021

5. The field selected is ______________ (field name/number/description)

During this interview, the winter wheat questions will be about this selected winter wheat field.

[Be sure the operator can identify the selected field.]

ACRES


6. How many acres of winter wheat were planted in this field for the 2019 crop? . . .. . . . . . . . . . .

1301

.___



C

NUTRIENT or FERTILIZER APPLICATIONS---SELECTED FIELD

C


CODE

EDIT TABLE

1. Were commercial nutrients or fertilizers applied to this field for the 2019 winter wheat crop? (Include those from operators, landlords, and contractors.). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

YES = 1

No = 3

0202

0200

[If COMMERCIAL nutrient or fertilizer applied, continue; else go to Section D.]

NUMBER

2. How many commercial nutrient or fertilizer applications were made to this field
for the 2019 crop?
(Include applications made by airplanes and custom applicators.). . . . . . . . . . . .

0203

3. Now I need to record information for each application.

CHECKLIST


INCLUDE

EXCLUDE


Custom applied nutrients

or fertilizers

Micronutrients




Nutrients or fertilizers

applied in the fall of 2019

and those applied earlier

if this field was fallow in 2019

Unprocessed manure


Nutrients or fertilizers applied

to previous crops in this field







Commercially prepared

manure or compost

Lime and gypsum/landplaster

OFFICE USE

LINES IN TABLE

TABLE

001

0299





APPLICATION CODES for COLUMN 6






1 Broadcast, ground without incorporation

2 Broadcast, ground with incorporation

3 Broadcast, by aircraft

4 In seed furrow

5 In irrigation water

6 Chisel/Injected or knifed in

7 Banded in or over row

8 Foliar or directed spray



L

I

N

E




2


MATERIALS USED



[Enter percentage analysis or actual

pounds of plant nutrients applied per acre.]


[Show Common Nutrients or Fertilizers

in Respondent Booklet.]

3


What quantity

was applied

per acre?


[Leave this

column blank

if actual pounds of nutrients

were reported.]

4


[Enter

material

code.]


1 Pounds

12 Gallons

19 Pounds

of actual

nutrients

5


When was

this applied?


1 In the fall

before seeding


2 In the spring

before seeding


3 At seeding


4 After seeding

6


How was

this

applied?


[Refer to

code list above.]

7


How many

acres were

treated

in this

application?






ACRES

N

Nitrogen

P2O5

Phosphate

K2O

Potash

S

Sulfur

01

31

32

33

34

36

37

38

39

40

.___

02

31

32

33

34

36

37

38

39

40

.___

03

31

32

33

34

36

37

38

39

40

.___

04

31

32

33

34

36

37

38

39

40

.___

05

31

32

33

34

36

37

38

39

40

.___

06

31

32

33

34

36

37

38

39

40

.___

07

31

32

33

34

36

37

38

39

40

.___

08

31

32

33

34

36

37

38

39

40

.___




D

BIOCONTROL or PESTICIDE APPLICATIONS---SELECTED FIELD

D


Now I have some questions about all the biocontrols or pesticides used on this field for the 2019

winter wheat crop, including both custom applications and applications made by this operation.



CODE

EDIT TABLE

1. Were any herbicides, insecticides, fungicides or other biocontrols or pesticides used on this winter wheat field for the 2019 crop? . . . . . . . . . . . . .

YES = 1

NO = 3

0302

0300



If no biocontrols or pesticides applied, go to Section E.


Include defoliants, fungicides, herbicides,

insecticides, and other pesticides.

Exclude nutrients or fertilizers reported

earlier and seed treatments.




Include biological and botanical pesticides.



OFFICE USE

LINES IN TABLE

TABLE

001

0399




CHEMICAL

PRODUCT

NAME


2

3

4

5

6 OR 7

8

L

I

N

E

What products

were applied

to the selected field?


[Show product

codes from

Respondent

Booklet.]

Was this

product

bought in

liquid or dry form?


[Enter L or D]

If this was part of a tank mix, enter line number of first product in

mix?



When

was this applied?


1 BEFORE

planting

3 AT

planting

4 AFTER

planting

5 DEFOLIATION

prior to harvest

How much was applied

per acre

per

application?



What was

the total

amount

applied per

application

in the selected field?

[Enter unit code.]

1 Pounds

12 Gallons

13 Quarts

14 Pints

15 Liquid Ounces

28 Dry Ounces

30 Grams


01

61


63

64

65

.___ ___

73

.___ ___

74


02

61


63

64

65

.___ ___

73

.___ ___

74


03

61


63

64

65

.___ ___

73

.___ ___

74


04

61


63

64

65

.___ ___

73

.___ ___

74


05

61


63

64

65

.___ ___

73

.___ ___

74


06

61


63

64

65

.___ ___

73

.___ ___

74


07

61


63

64

65

.___ ___

73

.___ ___

74


08

61


63

64

65

.___ ___

73

.___ ___

74


09

61


63

64

65

.___ ___

73

.___ ___

74


10

61


63

64

65

.___ ___

73

.___ ___

74


11

61


63

64

65

.___ ___

73

.___ ___

74


12

61


63

64

65

.___ ___

73

.___ ___

74


13

61


63

64

65

.___ ___

73

.___ ___

74


14

61


63

64

65

.___ ___

73

.___ ___

74


2. [For biocontrols or pesticides not listed in Respondent Booklet, specify---]

LINE


Pesticide Type

(Herbicide, Insecticide Fungicide, etc.)


EPA No. or Trade name

and Formulation


Form Purchased

(Liquid or Dry)


Where Purchased

[Ask ONLY if EPA No. cannot be reported.]





















APPLICATIONS CODES for column 9





1 Broadcast, ground without incorporation

2 Broadcast, ground with incorporation

3 Broadcast, by aircraft

4 In seed furrow

5 In irrigation water

6 Chisel/injected or knifed in

7 Banded in or over row

8 Foliar or directed spray

9 Spot treatments












9

10

11

12
















L

I

N

E

How

was this

product

applied?



[Enter code

from above.]

How many

acres in the selected

field were

treated with

this product?


How many

times was it

applied?


Were these

applications

made by---


1 Operator, partner

or family member?

2 Custom applicator?

3 Employee/Other?







ACRES

NUMBER



01

76

77

.___

79

80





02

76

77

.___

79

80





03

76

77

.___

79

80





04

76

77

.___

79

80





05

76

77

.___

79

80





06

76

77

.___

79

80





07

76

77

.___

79

80





08

76

77

.___

79

80





09

76

77

.___

79

80





10

76

77

.___

79

80





11

76

77

.___

79

80





12

76

77

.___

79

80





13

76

77

.___

79

80





14

76

77

.___

79

80






E

PEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES

E

Now I have some questions about your pest management decisions and practices used on this field for the 2019 winter wheat crop. By pests, we mean WEEDS, INSECTS, and DISEASES.

ENUMERATOR ACTION: Were PESTICIDE applications reported in Section D?]

YES – [Continue]

NO – [Go to item 4]

CODE

1. Was weather data used to assist in determining either the need or when to make pesticide applications? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

YES = 1

NO = 3

0800


2. Were any biological pesticides such as Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis), insect growth regulators, neem or other natural/biological based products sprayed or applied to manage pests in this selected? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

YES = 1

NO = 3

0801

3. Were pesticides with different mechanisms of action rotated or tank mixed for the primary purpose of keeping pests from becoming resistant to pesticides? . . . . . . . . . . . .

YES = 1

NO = 3

0802

4. Were records kept for the selected field to track the activity or numbers of weeds, insects or diseases? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

YES = 1

NO = 3

0823

5. Did you use published information on infestation thresholds to determine when to take measures to manage pests in the selected field? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

YES = 1

NO = 3

0824



6. In 2019, how was the selected field

primarily scouted for insects,

weeds, diseases, and/or beneficial

organisms? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1 By deliberately going to the field specifically for scouting activities [Enter code 1 and go to item 7.]


2 By conducting general observations while performing routine tasks [Enter code 2 and go to item 9.]


3 This field was not scouted.

[Enter code 3 and go to item 11.]



CODE

. . . .

0808


CODE

7. Was an established scouting process (systematic sampling, recording counts, etc.) used

or were insect traps used in the selected field? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

YES = 1

NO = 1

0809

8. Was scouting for pests done in the selected field due to---


CODE

a. a pest advisory warning?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

YES = 1

NO = 1

0810

b. a pest development model?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

YES = 1

NO = 1

0811



1

2

3

9. Was the selected winter wheat field scouted for---

YES = 1

NO = 3

[If YES, ask---]

What was the

infestation level for [column 1] ?



1 Higher than normal

2 Normal

3 Less than normal


CODE

[If column 1 is YES, ask---]

Who did the majority

of the scouting

for [column 1] ?


1 Operator, partner or family member

2 An employee

3 Farm supply or chemical dealer

4 Independent crop consultant

or commercial scout


CODE

a. weeds?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

0812

0813

0814

b. insects or mites?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

0815

0816

0817

c. diseases?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

0818

0819

0820





CODE

10. Did you use field mapping of previous weed problems to assist you in making weed management decisions? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

YES = 1

NO = 3

0825



11. Did you do any of the following other types of pest management practices for the specific purpose of managing or reducing the spread of pests in the selected field? [Enter code “1 for all that apply.]

CODE

a. Use the services of a diagnostic laboratory for pest identification

or soil plant tissue pest analysis for this field?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

YES = 1

NO = 3

0841

b. Plow down crop residue (using conventional tillage)?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

YES = 1

NO = 3

0842

c. Remove/burn down crop residue?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

YES = 1

NO = 3

0843

d. Rotate crops in the selected field during the past three years?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

YES = 1

NO = 3

0844

e. Maintain ground covers, mulches, or other physical barriers?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

YES = 1

NO = 3

0845

f. Choose crop variety because of specific resistance to a certain pest?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

YES = 1

NO = 3

0846

g. Use no-till or minimum till?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

YES = 1

NO = 3

0847

h. Plan planting locations to avoid cross infestation of pests?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

YES = 1

NO = 3

0848

i. Adjust planting or harvesting dates?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

YES = 1

NO = 3

0849

j. Chop, spray, mow, plow, or burn field edges, lanes, ditches,

roadways, or fence lines?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

YES = 1

NO = 3

0850

k. Clean equipment and field implements after completing field work

to reduce the spread of pests?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

YES = 1

NO = 3

0851

l. Adjust row spacing, plant density, or row directions?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

YES = 1

NO = 3

0852

m. Have the seed treated for insect or disease control

after you purchased the seed for the selected field?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

YES = 1

NO = 3

0854

n. Maintain a beneficial insect or vertebrate habitat?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

YES = 1

NO = 3

0855

o. Maintain buffer strips or border rows to isolate winter wheat

from non-organic crops or land, or did you take a buffer harvest?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

YES = 1

NO = 3

0856

p. Use a flamer to kill weeds?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

YES = 1

NO = 3

0857

q. Plant earlier or later to avoid weeds? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

YES = 1

NO = 3

0865




12. Were any beneficial organisms (insects, nematodes, fungi) applied or released in

the selected field to manage pests? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

YES = 1

NO = 3

0853

13. Were floral lures, attractants, repellents, pheromone traps or other biological

pest controls used on the selected field? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

YES = 1

NO = 3

0858

14. Was a trap crop (excluding fallow) grown to help manage insects in the selected field?. .

YES = 1

NO = 3

0863

15. Was the selected field left fallow in 2018 to help manage insects on the selected field? .

YES = 1

NO = 3

0864


16. Were water management practices such as irrigation scheduling, controlled

drainage, or treatment of retention water used on the selected field to manage

pests or toxin-producing fungi and bacteria? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

YES = 1

NO = 3

0861











17. For the selected field, were any of the following pesticide spraying practices or activities used in 2019? Pesticides

include insecticides, fungicides, herbicides and plant growth regulators (PGR).


Pesticide Spraying

Practice or Activity

(1)






Was this used in 2019?


(2)






Was it specifically used to keep pesticide application(s) on-target (i.e., reduce pesticide drift)?

(3)


(Complete column for every YES in Column 1)


Considering labor, training, capital expenditures, and other costs, how easy or difficult was it to implement this practice or activity?

(4)


(Complete column for every NO in Column 1)


Why was this practice or activity NOT used?


Check all that apply.


Yes = 1

No = 3

Don’t Know = 2

Yes = 1

No = 3

Don’t Know = 2

1 – Very Easy

2 – Somewhat Easy

3 – Somewhat Difficult

4 – Very Difficult

1 – Cost of labor/training

2 – Cost of associated equipment/products

3 – Incompatible with current production practices (e.g., topography, equipment limitations)

4 – General time management issues/too busy

5 – Unfamiliar with activity or practice

6 – Other, specify:

a. Altering spray time(s) depending on weather conditions (e.g., wind speed, wind direction)





b. Drift reducing adjuvant(s)





c. Drift reducing nozzle(s)





d. Increased GPA spray solution





e. Calibrate sprayer before the season





f. Calibrate sprayer during the season





g. Manually altering sprayer settings to improve the spray precision (e.g., altering spray pressure, ground speed, and/or boom height)






h. Adopting the use of technologies to improve the spray precision (e.g., on/off nozzle spray technology, GPS boom section controls, automatic boom height stabilization, and/or infrared technology)





i. Shielded sprayers





j. Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) (e.g. Aim Command, Raven's Hawk Eye, John Deere's Exact Apply, etc.)





k. Other - Specify: ________________







[Enumerator Notes: Question 18 pertains to pre-emergence pesticide applications, regardless of pesticide type. Questions 19 and 20 are specific to post-emergence applications, Question 19 addressing herbicide applications and Question 20 addressing insecticide/fungicide applications.]


18. Pre-emergence pesticide applications are pesticides that are applied BOTH prior to planting and/or before the

emergence of the wheat for early-season pest management. For the selected field, did this operation make any pre-

emergence pesticide applications using aerial sprayers and/or ground boom sprayers in 2019?


☐ Yes, made pre-emergence pesticide applications using aerial sprayers - Go to Item 19

☐ Yes, made pre-emergence pesticide applications using ground boom sprayers – Complete table below

No, did not make pre-emergence pesticide applications - Go to Item 19



Pre-emergence Pesticide Applications Using Ground Boom Sprayers

Code

a. What was the typical spray volume (gallons per acre-GPA) for pre-emergence pesticide applications?

1 < 5 GPA

2 5 to < 7.5 GPA

3 7.5 to < 10 GPA

4 10 to < 15 GPA

5 15 to < 20 GPA

6 20 to < 25 GPA

7 25 GPA or greater

99 Don't know


b. What is the typical operating pressure for pre-emergence pesticide applications (PSI)?

1 < 10 PSI

2 10 to < 20 PSI

3 20 to < 30 PSI

4 30 to < 40 PSI

5 40 to < 50 PSI

6 50 to < 60 PSI

7 60 to < 70 PSI

8 70 to < 80 PSI

9 80 to < 90 PSI

10 90 to < 100 PSI

11100 PSI or greater

99 Don't know


d. c. What nozzles were typically used most often for any pre-emergence pesticide applications?

1 Hollow Cone

2 Full Cone

3 Disc/Core Nozzle

4 Flat (e.g., flat fan)

5 Air-inclusion (AI), Air-induction, Venturi

6 Other, specify: ______

99 Don’t Know


e. d. At what ground speed was this ground boom sprayer(s) typically driven during pre-emergence pesticide applications?

1 < 5 MPH

2 5 to < 10 MPH

3 10 to <15 MPH

4 15 to <20 MPH

5 20 MPH or greater

99 Don't know


f. e. At what boom height above ground or crop canopy did this operation typically spray during pre-emergence pesticide applications?

1 < 24 inches

2 24 to < 36 inches

3 36 inches or greater

99 Don't know


g. f. What is the target droplet size spectrum for pre-emergence pesticide applications?

1 Less than 106 microns (Extremely Fine or Very Fine)

2 106-235 microns (Fine)

3 236-340 microns (Medium)

4 341-403 microns (Coarse)

5 404-502 microns (Very Coarse)

6 503-665 microns (Extremely Coarse)

7 Greater than 665 microns (Ultra Coarse)

99 Don’t Know





19. Post-emergence herbicide applications are made to control weeds that occur after emergence of the wheat. For this

selected field, did this operation make any post-emergence herbicide applications using aerial sprayers and/or ground

boom sprayers in 2019?


☐ Yes, made post-emergence herbicide applications using aerial sprayers - Go to Item 20

☐ Yes, made post-emergence herbicide applications using ground boom sprayers – Complete table below

No, did not make post-emergence herbicide applications - Go to Item 20



Post-emergence Herbicide Applications Using Ground Broom Sprayers

Code

a. What was the typical spray volume (gallons per acre-GPA) for post-emergence herbicide applications?

1 < 5 GPA

2 5 to < 7.5 GPA

3 7.5 to < 10 GPA

4 10 to < 15 GPA

5 15 to < 20 GPA

6 20 to < 25 GPA

7 25 GPA or greater

99 Don't know


b. What is the typical operating pressure for post-emergence herbicide applications (PSI)?

1 < 10 PSI

2 10 to < 20 PSI

3 20 to < 30 PSI

4 30 to < 40 PSI

5 40 to < 50 PSI

6 50 to < 60 PSI

7 60 to < 70 PSI

8 70 to < 80 PSI

9 80 to < 90 PSI

10 90 to < 100 PSI

11100 PSI or greater

99 Don't know


d. c. What nozzles were typically used most often for any post-emergence herbicide applications?

1 Hollow Cone

2 Full Cone

3 Disc/Core

4 Flat (e.g., flat fan)

5 Air-inclusion (AI), Air-induction, Venturi

6 Other, specify: ______

99 Don’t Know


e. d. At what ground speed was this ground boom sprayer(s) typically driven during post-emergence herbicide applications?

1 < 5 MPH

2 5 to < 10 MPH

3 10 to <15 MPH

4 15 to <20 MPH

5 20 MPH or greater

99 Don't know


f. e. At what boom height above ground or crop canopy did this operation typically spray during post-emergence herbicide applications?

1 < 24 inches

2 24 to < 36 inches

3 36 inches or greater

99 Don't know


g. f. What is the target droplet size spectrum for post-emergence herbicide applications?

1 Less than 106 microns (Extremely Fine or Very Fine)

2 106-235 microns (Fine)

3 236-340 microns (Medium)

4 341-403 microns (Coarse)

5 404-502 microns (Very Coarse)

6 503-665 microns (Extremely Coarse)

7 Greater than 665 microns (Ultra Coarse)

99 Don’t Know





20. Post-emergence insecticide and/or fungicide applications are made to control pests that occur after emergence of the

wheat. For the selected field, did this operation make any post-emergence insecticide and/or fungicide applications

using aerial sprayers and/or ground boom sprayers in 2019?


☐ Yes, made post-emergence insecticide/fungicide applications using aerial sprayers - Go to Item 21

☐ Yes, made post-emergence insecticide/fungicide applications using ground boom sprayers – Complete table below

No, did not make pre-emergence pesticide applications - Go to Item 21



Post-emergence Insecticide/Fungicide Applications Using Ground Boom Sprayers

Code

a. What was the typical spray volume (gallons per acre-GPA) for post-emergence insecticide/fungicide applications?

1 < 5 GPA

2 5 to < 7.5 GPA

3 7.5 to < 10 GPA

4 10 to < 15 GPA

5 15 to < 20 GPA

6 20 to < 25 GPA

7 25 GPA or greater

99 Don't know


b. What is the typical operating pressure for post-emergence insecticide/fungicide applications (PSI)?

1 < 10 PSI

2 10 to < 20 PSI

3 20 to < 30 PSI

4 30 to < 40 PSI

5 40 to < 50 PSI

6 50 to < 60 PSI

7 60 to < 70 PSI

8 70 to < 80 PSI

9 80 to < 90 PSI

10 90 to < 100 PSI

11100 PSI or greater

99 Don't know


d. c. What nozzles were typically used most often for any post-emergence insecticide/fungicide applications?

1 Hollow Cone

2 Full Cone

3 Disc/Core Nozzle

4 Flat (e.g., flat fan)

5 Air-inclusion (AI), Air-induction, Venturi

6 Other, specify: ______

99 Don’t Know


e. d. At what ground speed was this ground boom sprayer(s) typically driven during post-emergence insecticide/fungicide applications?

1 < 5 MPH

2 5 to < 10 MPH

3 10 to <15 MPH

4 15 to <20 MPH

5 20 MPH or greater

99 Don't know


f. e. At what boom height above ground or crop canopy did this operation typically spray during post-emergence insecticide/fungicide applications?

1 < 24 inches

2 24 to < 36 inches

3 36 inches or greater

99 Don't know


g. f. What is the target droplet size spectrum for post-emergence insecticide/fungicide applications?

1 Less than 106 microns (Extremely Fine or Very Fine)

2 106-235 microns (Fine)

3 236-340 microns (Medium)

4 341-403 microns (Coarse)

5 404-502 microns (Very Coarse)

6 503-665 microns (Extremely Coarse)

7 Greater than 665 microns (Ultra Coarse)

99 Don’t Know





21. Which of the following spraying practices resulted in a sprayer re-calibration in 2019? Check all that apply.


a. Computer calibration alert system

b. Change in product being applied

c. Observed change in spray pattern or Gallons per Acre (GPA) output (e.g., from worn nozzles)

d. Scheduled calibration (e.g., daily, monthly, annually)

e. When moving to a different block or crop

f. Other, specify: ________

g. None of the above


22. For the selected field, how often did this operation clean the ground boom sprayer tank system in 2019? Check all that apply

1 Before the season

2 After the season

3 Depended on the product(s)

4 Regularly scheduled cleaning

5 Other, specify: __________________________

6 Never




[Enumerator Note: If Respondent answered code 1 - 5 for Item 22, answer Item 22a and 22b; else skip to Item 23]

22a.For each time that the ground boom sprayer was cleaned, how often was a tank cleaner used? …………………………………...

1 Always (100%)

2 Often (51% or more)

3 Sometimes (50% or less)

4 Never (0%)

99. Don’t Know




22b. Did this operation use separate spray rigs for herbicide applications? ………………..

1 Yes

3 No

2 Don’t Know





23. For the selected field, what material were a majority of the nozzles made of that were used across all pesticide

applications made in 2019? Select one.


a. Plastic, such as Polypropylene (i.e. Poly or PP) or other types

b. Aluminum, brass, or other soft metal(s)

c. Stainless steel (including hardened stainless steel)

d. Porcelain or other ceramic materials

e. Other, specify: ____________________________


24. For the selected field, what were the most common reasons for replacing the nozzles on the sprayers in 2019? Check

all that apply.


a. Regularly scheduled calendar-based replacement (i.e., annually, twice annually, monthly, etc.)

b. Regularly scheduled replacement based on operating time (i.e., sprayer operating hours)

c. Sporadic replacement based on area covered or general intuition (i.e., it feels like the right time to change nozzles)

d. Calibration problems (i.e., too high or too low a flow rate)

e. Observed nozzle damage (e.g., change in spray pattern or leaks)

f. Availability of new nozzle technologies

g. Expert and/or consultant recommendations (e.g., Cooperative Extension, crop consultants, etc.)

h. Other, please specify: ______________________

i. None of the above





25. For the selected field, on what proportion did this operation use hedge rows or other wind-breaking structures (that are at least one and a half times the height of the crop canopy) for drift reduction in 2019?



☐ a. 0%

☐ b. 1% to 25%

☐ c. 26% to 50%

☐ d. 51% to 75%

☐ e. 76% to 100%

☐ f. Don’t know

26. How often were the following sources of information used to inform pest management decisions in 2019?


Sources of Information

(1)


How often was this source of information used?


1 - Always (100%)

2 - Often (51% or more)

3 - Sometimes (50% or less)

4 - Never (0%)

99 Don’t Know

(2)


Which of these sources was this operation’s PRIMARY source of pest management decisions? Select one.


1 = Primary

3 = Not Primary

a. Pesticide Product Labels



b. University and/or Agricultural Cooperative

Extension Resources/Recommendations



c. Non-University literature, such as magazines or newspapers



d. Grower/Trade Groups



e. Pesticide Sales Representatives and/or Farm

Supply Distributors



Crop Consultants Paid for by the Operation



  1. Other Grower(s)



  1. Non-University Decision Tools



  1. Weather Forecasting Tools



  1. Other, Specify: ___________________





27. (If 26b, column 1 equals 1, 2, 3) Which of the following types of services offered by the University and/or Agricultural Cooperative Extension were most often used as sources of pest management decisions in 2019?


University and/or Agricultural Cooperative Extension Services


How often was this source of information used?


1- Always (100%)

2 - Often (51% or more)

3 - Sometimes (50% or less)

4 - Never (0%)

99 - Don’t Know

  1. Formal presentations (e.g., annual meetings, educational trainings)


  1. Field days/ demonstration workshops


  1. Farm visits and/or one-on-one consultation


  1. Email lists


  1. Newsletters


  1. Crop and/or Pest Protection Handbook


  1. Other publications (e.g. Fact sheets)


  1. Decision tools


  1. Other, Specify: _____________________________________






28. For the selected field, how often were the following practices used during the season to manage herbicide, fungicide and insecticide resistance in 2019?

Practices to Manage Resistance for

Herbicide, Fungicide and Insecticide

(Only complete if operation uses herbicides)


How often was each practice used on this field to manage herbicide resistance?

(Only complete if operation uses fungicides)


How often was each practice used on this field to manage fungicide resistance?

(Only complete if operation uses insecticides)


How often was each practice used on this field to manage insecticide resistance?


1 Always (100%)

2 Often (51% or more)

3 Sometimes (50% or less)

4 Never (0%)

99. Don’t Know

1 Always (100%)

2 Often (51% or more)

3 Sometimes (50% or less)

4 Never (0%)

99. Don’t Know

1 Always (100%)

2 Often (51% or more)

3 Sometimes (50% or less)

4 Never (0%)

99. Don’t Know


  1. Field mapping weeds and/or keeping

records of field history and pesticide use to assist pesticide decisions





  1. Field Management/Sanitation Practices:





i. For weed control (e.g., crop rotation, tillage, planting cover crops, managing field borders, preventing field-to-field and within field movement of weed seed)





ii. For disease control (e.g., removing or incorporating field residue to reduce potential disease infestations, managing field borders)





iii. For insect control (e.g., removing or incorporating field residue to reduce potential insect infestations, managing field borders)





  1. Planting insect-resistant and/or disease-resistant varieties of wheat





  1. Pre-harvest and/or post-harvest control of weeds and/or disease to reduce the return of weed seeds and/or seed-borne diseases





  1. Use of pest diagnostic tools [e.g., Integrated Pest Management (IPM) treatment thresholds; predictive weather models (e.g., degree day models); pest forecasting systems, and/or assistance from diagnostic networks]





e. Pesticide Mode of Action (MOA) rotation





f. Pesticide Mode of Action (MOA) combination (i.e., tank mix or pre-mix product)













29. In an effort to reduce off-target impacts to plants, pollinators, and/or beneficial insects, did this operation communicate with or consult any of the following sources in 2019? Check all that apply.



a. Neighboring crop producers

b. Nearby beekeepers

c. A local expert, such as an Agricultural Cooperative Extension agent

d. State Managed Pollinator Protection Plans, or MP3s (MP3s are state-developed efforts that intend to reduce pesticide

exposure through timely communication and coordination among beekeepers, growers, pesticide applicators, and

landowners)

e. Driftwatch (Driftwatch is a voluntary communication tool that enables crop producers, beekeepers, and pesticide

applicators to work together to protect crops and apiaries through the use of mapping programs.)

f. Other communication tool(s), specify: __________________________

g. Other, specify: ____________________________________________________________________



30. Are the spraying practices for other fields on this operation similar to the spraying practices for this selected field?

a. Yes

b. No – Please explain the difference: ________________________________

c. Don’t Know


43. Which of the following auditing systems, if any, did this operation participate in in 2019? Check all that apply.

a. GLOBALG.A.P.

b. Safe Quality Food (SQF) Program

c. Other, specify: _______________

d. This operation did not participate in an auditing system

e. Don’t know






Completion Code for Pest Management Data


1 Incomplete/Refusal

500





NOTES:


























































































































CONCLUSION


5. To receive the complete results of this survey on the release date, go to

http://www.nass.usda.gov/Surveys/Guide_to_NASS_Surveys/


To have a brief summary emailed to you at a later date, please enter your email address



1095




CODE

Would you like to receive a copy of the results of this survey in the mail?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

YES = 1

9990

[Thank the respondent, then review this questionnaire.]

H H M M

6. ENDING TIME [MILITARY]. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

0005


___ ___ ___ ___

RECORDS USED


7. [Did respondent use farm/ranch records to report--]


CODE

a. [fertilizer data?]. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

YES = 1

0011

b. [pesticide data?]. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

YES = 1

0012

SUPPLEMENTS USED

NUMBER

8. [Record the total number of each type of supplement used to

complete this interview.]. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

FERTILIZER

APPLICATIONS

0041


PESTICIDE

APPLICATIONS

0042



Reported by:____________________________________

9910

____ ____ ____ ____ 19

M M D D

9911


Telephone(______)____________

OFFICE USE

R. Unit

Ptr 1 Str

Ptr 2 Str

Ptr 3 Str

Ptr 4 Str

OPS

SSO 1

ADJ

Optional Use

9921

9922

9923

9927

9928

923

9907

922

9906

9916

Response

Respondent

Mode

Enum.

POID

1-Comp

2-R

3-Inac

4-Office Hold


9901

1-Op/Mgr

2-Sp

3-Acct/Bkpr

4-Partner

9-Other

9902

2-PATI (tel)

3-PAPI (Face-to-

Face)

9903

9998

9989


___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___

Eval.

Change

9900

9985


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