Prospective Plantings - Publication

Prospective Plantings
ISSN: 1949-159X

Released March 31, 2020, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of
Agriculture (USDA).

Corn Planted Acreage Up 8 Percent from 2019
Soybean Acreage Up 10 Percent
All Wheat Acreage Down 1 Percent
All Cotton Acreage Down Less Than 1 Percent
Corn planted area for all purposes in 2020 is estimated at 97.0 million acres, up 8 percent or 7.29 million acres from last
year. Compared with last year, planted acreage is expected to be up or unchanged in 38 of the 48 estimating States.
Soybean planted area for 2020 is estimated at 83.5 million acres, up 10 percent from last year. Compared with last year,
planted acreage is expected to be up or unchanged in 22 of the 29 estimating States.
All wheat planted area for 2020 is estimated at 44.7 million acres, down 1 percent from 2019. This represents the lowest
all wheat planted area since records began in 1919. The 2020 winter wheat planted area, at 30.8 million acres, is down
1 percent from last year and down slightly from the previous estimate. Of this total, about 21.7 million acres are Hard Red
Winter, 5.69 million acres are Soft Red Winter, and 3.42 million acres are White Winter. Area expected to be planted to
other spring wheat for 2020 is estimated at 12.6 million acres, down 1 percent from 2019. Of this total, about 11.9 million
acres are Hard Red Spring wheat. Durum planted area for 2020 is expected to total 1.29 million acres, down 4 percent
from the previous year.
All cotton planted area for 2020 is estimated at 13.7 million acres, down less than 1 percent from last year. Upland area is
estimated at 13.5 million acres, down less than 1 percent from 2019. American Pima area is estimated at 228,000 acres,
down 1 percent from 2019.

This report was approved on March 31, 2020.

Secretary of Agriculture
Designate
Robert Johansson

2

Agricultural Statistics Board
Chairperson
Joseph L. Parsons

Prospective Plantings (March 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Contents
Principal Crops Area Planted – States and United States: 2018-2020 .................................................................................... 5
Corn Area Planted – States and United States: 2018-2020 ..................................................................................................... 6
Corn and Soybean Planted Acreage – United States Chart..................................................................................................... 7
Sorghum Area Planted – States and United States: 2018-2020 .............................................................................................. 7
Oat Area Planted – States and United States: 2018-2020 ....................................................................................................... 8
Barley Area Planted – States and United States: 2018-2020 .................................................................................................. 9
All Wheat Area Planted – States and United States: 2018-2020 .......................................................................................... 10
Winter Wheat Area Planted – States and United States: 2018-2020 .................................................................................... 11
Durum Wheat Area Planted – States and United States: 2018-2020 .................................................................................... 12
Other Spring Wheat Area Planted – States and United States: 2018-2020 ........................................................................... 12
All Hay Area Harvested – States and United States: 2018-2020 .......................................................................................... 13
Rice Area Planted by Class – States and United States: 2018-2020 ..................................................................................... 14
Canola Area Planted – States and United States: 2018-2020................................................................................................ 14
Soybean Area Planted – States and United States: 2018-2020 ............................................................................................. 15
Peanut Area Planted – States and United States: 2018-2020 ................................................................................................ 15
Sunflower Area Planted by Type – States and United States: 2018-2020 ............................................................................ 16
Flaxseed Area Planted – States and United States: 2018-2020 ............................................................................................. 16
Cotton Area Planted by Type – States and United States: 2018-2020 .................................................................................. 17
Sugarbeet Area Planted – States and United States: 2018-2020 ........................................................................................... 18
Tobacco Area Harvested – States and United States: 2018-2020 ......................................................................................... 18
Tobacco Area Harvested by Class and Type – States and United States: 2018-2020 .......................................................... 19
Dry Edible Bean Area Planted – States and United States: 2018-2020 ................................................................................ 20
Chickpea Area Planted – States and United States: 2018-2020 ............................................................................................ 21
Lentil Area Planted – States and United States: 2018-2020 ................................................................................................. 22
Dry Edible Pea Area Planted – States and United States: 2018-2020 .................................................................................. 22

Prospective Plantings (March 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

3

Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units – United States: 2019 and 2020 ................... 23
Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units – United States: 2019 and 2020........................ 25
Winter Weather Summary .................................................................................................................................................... 27
Crop Comments .................................................................................................................................................................... 29
Statistical Methodology......................................................................................................................................................... 32
Reliability of Prospective Plantings Planted Acreage Estimates .......................................................................................... 33
Information Contacts ............................................................................................................................................................. 34

4

Prospective Plantings (March 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Principal Crops Area Planted – States and United States: 2018-2020
[Crops included in area planted are corn, sorghum, oats, barley, rye, winter wheat, Durum wheat, other spring wheat, rice, soybeans, peanuts,
sunflower, cotton, dry edible beans, chickpeas, potatoes, sugarbeets, canola, and proso millet. Harvested acreage is used for all hay, tobacco, and
sugarcane in computing total area planted. Values for 2020 were carried forward from 2019 for potatoes, proso millet, rye, and sugarcane. Includes
double cropped acres and unharvested small grains planted as cover crops]
State

2018

2020 1

2019

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

Alabama ......................................................................
Alaska .........................................................................
Arizona ........................................................................
Arkansas .....................................................................
California .....................................................................
Colorado ......................................................................
Connecticut .................................................................
Delaware .....................................................................
Florida .........................................................................
Georgia .......................................................................

2,325
28
665
7,282
2,946
6,140
70
453
1,114
3,653

2,115
28
634
6,598
2,941
6,091
70
435
1,075
3,354

2,175
30
634
7,229
2,809
5,910
76
404
1,103
3,429

Idaho ...........................................................................
Illinois ..........................................................................
Indiana ........................................................................
Iowa .............................................................................
Kansas ........................................................................
Kentucky ......................................................................
Louisiana .....................................................................
Maine ..........................................................................
Maryland ......................................................................
Massachusetts .............................................................

4,177
22,936
12,120
24,241
23,465
5,693
3,287
227
1,572
93

4,096
21,590
11,250
23,935
23,113
5,712
3,024
229
1,556
65

4,098
22,950
12,040
24,840
24,075
5,856
3,209
220
1,548
64

Michigan ......................................................................
Minnesota ....................................................................
Mississippi ...................................................................
Missouri .......................................................................
Montana ......................................................................
Nebraska .....................................................................
Nevada ........................................................................
New Hampshire ...........................................................
New Jersey ..................................................................
New Mexico .................................................................

6,390
19,484
4,144
13,782
9,835
19,742
401
52
314
874

5,541
18,349
3,822
12,827
9,946
19,176
450
61
282
823

6,474
19,492
4,055
13,779
9,847
19,854
457
57
285
793

New York .....................................................................
North Carolina .............................................................
North Dakota ...............................................................
Ohio .............................................................................
Oklahoma ....................................................................
Oregon ........................................................................
Pennsylvania ...............................................................
Rhode Island ...............................................................
South Carolina .............................................................
South Dakota ...............................................................

2,828
4,593
24,163
10,065
10,036
1,997
3,443
8
1,498
17,300

2,591
4,400
23,221
8,595
9,390
1,905
3,686
7
1,428
13,816

2,909
4,583
23,429
10,010
9,444
1,845
3,856
7
1,443
17,631

Tennessee ...................................................................
Texas ..........................................................................
Utah .............................................................................
Vermont .......................................................................
Virginia ........................................................................
Washington .................................................................
West Virginia ...............................................................
Wisconsin ....................................................................
Wyoming .....................................................................

4,896
21,833
871
255
2,634
3,697
617
8,014
1,474

4,836
21,419
907
241
2,609
3,542
567
7,624
1,504

5,023
22,495
911
261
2,712
3,494
596
7,960
1,539

United States 2 .............................................................

319,305

302,626

319,088

1

Intended plantings in 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers.
2
States do not add to United States due to rye unallocated acreage.

Prospective Plantings (March 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

5

Corn Area Planted – States and United States: 2018-2020
Area planted
State

2018
(1,000 acres)

Percent of
previous year

2020 1

2019
(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(percent)

Alabama ..............................
Arizona ................................
Arkansas ..............................
California .............................
Colorado ..............................
Connecticut ..........................
Delaware .............................
Florida ..................................
Georgia ................................
Idaho ....................................

255
80
660
430
1,460
23
170
95
325
350

320
90
770
460
1,550
23
185
90
395
385

370
100
800
440
1,650
23
170
100
440
400

116
111
104
96
106
100
92
111
111
104

Illinois ...................................
Indiana .................................
Iowa .....................................
Kansas .................................
Kentucky ..............................
Louisiana .............................
Maine ...................................
Maryland ..............................
Massachusetts .....................
Michigan ..............................

11,000
5,300
13,200
5,450
1,330
460
30
440
14
2,250

10,500
5,000
13,500
6,400
1,550
570
29
510
14
2,000

11,300
5,800
14,100
6,300
1,500
680
28
500
16
2,500

108
116
104
98
97
119
97
98
114
125

Minnesota ............................
Mississippi ...........................
Missouri ...............................
Montana ...............................
Nebraska .............................
Nevada ................................
New Hampshire ...................
New Jersey ..........................
New Mexico .........................
New York .............................

7,900
480
3,500
115
9,600
13
13
70
135
1,070

7,800
660
3,200
115
10,100
15
12
77
145
1,020

8,400
710
3,600
135
10,500
17
12
90
135
1,180

108
108
113
117
104
113
100
117
93
116

North Carolina ......................
North Dakota ........................
Ohio .....................................
Oklahoma ............................
Oregon .................................
Pennsylvania .......................
Rhode Island ........................
South Carolina .....................
South Dakota .......................
Tennessee ...........................

910
3,150
3,500
310
75
1,300
2
340
5,300
720

990
3,500
2,800
370
80
1,450
2
380
4,350
970

1,050
3,200
3,700
400
85
1,480
2
390
6,000
1,040

106
91
132
108
106
102
100
103
138
107

Texas ...................................
Utah .....................................
Vermont ...............................
Virginia .................................
Washington ..........................
West Virginia ........................
Wisconsin ............................
Wyoming ..............................

2,200
70
85
485
165
46
3,900
95

2,500
85
81
540
170
52
3,800
95

2,700
80
81
540
200
56
3,900
90

108
94
100
100
118
108
103
95

United States .......................

88,871

89,700

96,990

108

1

6

Intended plantings in 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers.

Prospective Plantings (March 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Corn and Soybean Planted Acreage - United States
Million acres
100.0
90.0
80.0
70.0
60.0

Corn
Soybeans

50.0
2000

2002

2004

2006

2008

2010

2012

2014

2016

2018

2020

Sorghum Area Planted – States and United States: 2018-2020
Area planted
State

2018
(1,000 acres)

Percent of
previous year

2020 1

2019
(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(percent)

Arkansas 2 ...........................
Colorado ..............................
Georgia 2 .............................
Illinois 2 ................................
Kansas ................................
Louisiana 2 ...........................
Mississippi 2 .........................
Missouri 2 .............................
Nebraska .............................
New Mexico 2 .......................

12
355
25
18
2,800
8
4
30
230
80

(NA)
365
(NA)
(NA)
2,600
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
200
(NA)

(NA)
410
(NA)
(NA)
2,800
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
200
(NA)

(X)
112
(X)
(X)
108
(X)
(X)
(X)
100
(X)

North Carolina 2 ...................
Oklahoma ............................
South Dakota .......................
Texas ..................................

18
300
260
1,550

(NA)
300
250
1,550

(NA)
340
270
1,800

(X)
113
108
116

United States .......................

5,690

5,265

5,820

111

(NA) Not available.
(X) Not applicable.
1
Intended plantings in 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers.
2
Estimates discontinued in 2019.

Prospective Plantings (March 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

7

Oat Area Planted – States and United States: 2018-2020
[Includes area planted in preceding fall]
Area planted
State

2

2018

2019

2020 1

Percent of
previous year

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(percent)

Alabama ............................
Arkansas ..............................
California .............................
Colorado 2 ............................
Georgia ................................
Idaho ....................................
Illinois ...................................
Iowa .....................................
Kansas .................................
Maine ...................................

40
10
110
95
60
40
40
135
120
21

(NA)
5
75
(NA)
70
60
70
215
120
22

(NA)
8
75
(NA)
70
45
100
240
170
22

(X)
160
100
(X)
100
75
143
112
142
100

Michigan ..............................
Minnesota ............................
Missouri ...............................
Montana ...............................
Nebraska .............................
New York .............................
North Carolina ......................
North Dakota ........................
Ohio .....................................
Oklahoma ............................

75
180
35
70
125
69
30
300
55
50

70
240
50
70
120
56
22
355
75
100

60
250
50
75
120
59
28
320
80
90

86
104
100
107
100
105
127
90
107
90

Oregon .................................
Pennsylvania .......................
South Carolina 2 ...................
South Dakota .......................
Texas ...................................
Washington 2 ........................
Wisconsin ............................
Wyoming 2 ...........................

20
65
19
290
450
17
200
25

20
85
(NA)
245
400
(NA)
265
(NA)

20
90
(NA)
345
415
(NA)
280
(NA)

100
106
(X)
141
104
(X)
106
(X)

United States .......................

2,746

2,810

3,012

107

(NA) Not available.
(X) Not applicable.
1
Intended plantings in 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers.
2
Estimates discontinued in 2019.

8

Prospective Plantings (March 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Barley Area Planted – States and United States: 2018-2020
[Includes area planted in preceding fall]
Area planted
State

2018

2019

2020 1

Percent of
previous year

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(percent)

Alaska .................................
Arizona ................................
California .............................
Colorado ..............................
Delaware .............................
Idaho ...................................
Kansas ................................
Maine ..................................
Maryland ..............................
Michigan ..............................

5
14
65
60
25
550
17
17
45
20

6
17
60
54
21
540
14
16
32
11

5
17
65
45
22
510
15
13
43
15

83
100
108
83
105
94
107
81
134
136

Minnesota ............................
Montana ..............................
New York .............................
North Carolina .....................
North Dakota .......................
Oregon ................................
Pennsylvania .......................
South Dakota .......................
Utah .....................................
Virginia ................................

80
790
10
11
470
43
45
48
21
30

70
920
10
11
580
40
35
37
17
30

65
1,010
10
15
640
35
40
45
21
30

93
110
100
136
110
88
114
122
124
100

Washington .........................
Wisconsin ............................
Wyoming .............................

85
25
72

95
24
81

115
30
115

121
125
142

United States .......................

2,548

2,721

2,921

107

1

Intended plantings in 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers.

Prospective Plantings (March 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

9

All Wheat Area Planted – States and United States: 2018-2020
[Includes area planted in preceding fall]
Area planted
State

2018

2019

2020 1

Percent of
previous year

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(percent)

Alabama ..............................
Arizona ................................
Arkansas ..............................
California .............................
Colorado ..............................
Delaware .............................
Florida 2 ...............................
Georgia ................................
Idaho ....................................
Illinois ...................................

160
96
175
425
2,260
75
15
200
1,191
600

130
34
110
420
2,150
60
(NA)
150
1,195
650

150
50
160
425
1,850
55
(NA)
190
1,205
570

115
147
145
101
86
92
(X)
127
101
88

Indiana .................................
Iowa 2 ...................................
Kansas .................................
Kentucky ..............................
Louisiana 2 ...........................
Maryland ..............................
Michigan ..............................
Minnesota ............................
Mississippi ...........................
Missouri ...............................

310
16
7,700
450
15
360
510
1,621
55
740

330
(NA)
6,900
460
(NA)
345
540
1,450
45
550

340
(NA)
6,800
540
(NA)
345
520
1,350
45
480

103
(X)
99
117
(X)
100
96
93
100
87

Montana ...............................
Nebraska .............................
Nevada 2 ..............................
New Jersey ..........................
New Mexico .........................
New York .............................
North Carolina ......................
North Dakota ........................
Ohio .....................................
Oklahoma ............................

5,390
1,100
23
18
320
110
460
7,735
490
4,400

5,450
1,070
(NA)
19
360
90
290
7,505
500
4,200

5,470
920
(NA)
25
330
160
480
6,800
510
4,300

100
86
(X)
132
92
178
166
91
102
102

Oregon .................................
Pennsylvania .......................
South Carolina .....................
South Dakota .......................
Tennessee ...........................
Texas ...................................
Utah .....................................
Virginia .................................
Washington ..........................
West Virginia 2 .....................
Wisconsin ............................
Wyoming ..............................

800
195
80
1,883
380
4,500
130
230
2,220
7
240
130

740
180
70
1,500
280
4,500
125
180
2,260
(NA)
195
125

740
240
110
1,500
310
4,800
120
260
2,220
(NA)
160
125

100
133
157
100
111
107
96
144
98
(X)
82
100

United States .......................

47,815

45,158

44,655

99

(NA) Not available.
(X) Not applicable.
1
Intended plantings for 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers.
2
Estimates discontinued in 2019.

10

Prospective Plantings (March 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Winter Wheat Area Planted – States and United States: 2018-2020
[Includes area planted in preceding fall]
Area planted
State

2018

2019

2020

Percent of
previous year

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(percent)

Alabama ..............................
Arizona 1 ..............................
Arkansas .............................
California .............................
Colorado ..............................
Delaware .............................
Florida 1 ...............................
Georgia ...............................
Idaho ...................................
Illinois ..................................

160
22
175
380
2,250
75
15
200
720
600

130
(NA)
110
390
2,150
60
(NA)
150
730
650

150
(NA)
160
400
1,850
55
(NA)
190
730
570

115
(X)
145
103
86
92
(X)
127
100
88

Indiana ................................
Iowa 1 ..................................
Kansas ................................
Kentucky ..............................
Louisiana 1 ...........................
Maryland ..............................
Michigan ..............................
Minnesota 1 ..........................
Mississippi ...........................
Missouri ...............................

310
16
7,700
450
15
360
510
11
55
740

330
(NA)
6,900
460
(NA)
345
540
(NA)
45
550

340
(NA)
6,800
540
(NA)
345
520
(NA)
45
480

103
(X)
99
117
(X)
100
96
(X)
100
87

Montana ..............................
Nebraska .............................
Nevada 1 ..............................
New Jersey ..........................
New Mexico .........................
New York .............................
North Carolina .....................
North Dakota .......................
Ohio .....................................
Oklahoma ............................

1,650
1,100
13
18
320
110
460
85
490
4,400

2,000
1,070
(NA)
19
360
90
290
85
500
4,200

1,600
920
(NA)
25
330
160
480
60
510
4,300

80
86
(X)
132
92
178
166
71
102
102

Oregon ................................
Pennsylvania .......................
South Carolina .....................
South Dakota .......................
Tennessee ...........................
Texas ..................................
Utah .....................................
Virginia ................................
Washington .........................
West Virginia 1 .....................
Wisconsin ............................
Wyoming .............................

720
195
80
830
380
4,500
120
230
1,700
7
240
130

740
180
70
860
280
4,500
125
180
1,750
(NA)
195
125

740
240
110
650
310
4,800
120
260
1,700
(NA)
160
125

100
133
157
76
111
107
96
144
97
(X)
82
100

United States .......................

32,542

31,159

30,775

99

(NA) Not available.
(X) Not applicable.
1
Estimates discontinued in 2019.

Prospective Plantings (March 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

11

Durum Wheat Area Planted – States and United States: 2018-2020
[Includes area planted in preceding fall in Arizona and California]
Area planted
State

2018

2019

2020 1

Percent of
previous year

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(percent)

Arizona ................................
California .............................
Idaho ....................................
Montana ...............................
North Dakota ........................
South Dakota 2 .....................

74
45
11
840
1,100
3

34
30
5
550
720
(NA)

50
25
5
570
640
(NA)

147
83
100
104
89
(X)

United States .......................

2,073

1,339

1,290

96

(NA) Not available.
(X) Not applicable.
1
Intended plantings in 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers.
2
Estimate discontinued in 2019.

Other Spring Wheat Area Planted – States and United States: 2018-2020
Area planted
State

2018
(1,000 acres)

Percent of
previous year

2020 1

2019
(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(percent)

Colorado 2 ............................
Idaho ....................................
Minnesota ............................
Montana ...............................
Nevada 2 ..............................
North Dakota ........................
Oregon 2 ..............................
South Dakota .......................
Utah 2 ...................................
Washington ..........................

10
460
1,610
2,900
10
6,550
80
1,050
10
520

(NA)
460
1,450
2,900
(NA)
6,700
(NA)
640
(NA)
510

(NA)
470
1,350
3,300
(NA)
6,100
(NA)
850
(NA)
520

(X)
102
93
114
(X)
91
(X)
133
(X)
102

United States .......................

13,200

12,660

12,590

99

(NA) Not available.
(X) Not applicable.
1
Intended plantings in 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers.
2
Estimates discontinued in 2019.

12

Prospective Plantings (March 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

All Hay Area Harvested – States and United States: 2018-2020
Area harvested
State

2018
(1,000 acres)

Percent of
previous year

2020 1

2019
(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(percent)

Alabama ..............................
Alaska .................................
Arizona ................................
Arkansas .............................
California .............................
Colorado ..............................
Connecticut .........................
Delaware .............................
Florida .................................
Georgia ...............................

850
22
300
1,203
980
1,420
47
13
280
600

700
22
325
1,253
1,010
1,460
47
14
270
560

700
25
325
1,340
920
1,430
53
12
270
590

100
114
100
107
91
98
113
86
100
105

Idaho ...................................
Illinois ..................................
Indiana ................................
Iowa .....................................
Kansas ................................
Kentucky ..............................
Louisiana .............................
Maine ..................................
Maryland ..............................
Massachusetts .....................

1,340
470
510
940
2,360
1,895
380
110
195
79

1,300
420
520
1,020
2,280
1,945
390
110
189
51

1,350
480
500
1,200
2,700
1,965
420
105
190
48

104
114
96
118
118
101
108
95
101
94

Michigan ..............................
Minnesota ............................
Mississippi ...........................
Missouri ...............................
Montana ..............................
Nebraska .............................
Nevada ................................
New Hampshire ...................
New Jersey ..........................
New Mexico .........................

810
1,220
590
3,070
2,900
2,700
365
39
114
250

780
1,100
610
3,360
3,000
2,450
435
49
91
245

780
1,150
620
3,250
2,800
2,650
440
45
90
250

100
105
102
97
93
108
101
92
99
102

New York .............................
North Carolina .....................
North Dakota .......................
Ohio .....................................
Oklahoma ............................
Oregon ................................
Pennsylvania .......................
Rhode Island .......................
South Carolina .....................
South Dakota .......................

1,220
816
2,670
970
3,230
1,000
1,190
6
270
3,250

1,180
816
2,420
920
3,005
970
1,210
5
270
3,350

1,210
825
2,600
920
2,800
910
1,270
5
270
3,400

103
101
107
100
93
94
105
100
100
101

Tennessee ...........................
Texas ..................................
Utah .....................................
Vermont ...............................
Virginia ................................
Washington .........................
West Virginia .......................
Wisconsin ............................
Wyoming .............................

1,720
4,740
650
170
1,140
760
535
1,360
1,090

1,763
4,920
680
160
1,145
640
515
1,300
1,150

1,800
4,900
690
180
1,145
620
540
1,350
1,150

102
100
101
113
100
97
105
104
100

United States .......................

52,839

52,425

53,283

102

1

Intended area harvested in 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers.

Prospective Plantings (March 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

13

Rice Area Planted by Class – States and United States: 2018-2020
Area planted
Class and State

2018

2019

2020 1

Percent of
previous year

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(percent)

Long grain
Arkansas ..............................
California .............................
Louisiana .............................
Mississippi ...........................
Missouri ...............................
Texas ...................................

1,250
11
395
140
215
187

950
10
370
115
180
153

1,190
10
390
150
190
170

125
100
105
130
106
111

United States .......................

2,198

1,778

2,100

118

Medium grain
Arkansas ..............................
California .............................
Louisiana .............................
Mississippi ...........................
Missouri ...............................
Texas ...................................

190
455
45
9
8

205
455
55
2
7
4

205
450
40
9
2

100
99
73
(X)
129
50

United States .......................

707

728

706

97

Short grain
Arkansas ..............................
California 2 ...........................

1
40

1
33

1
40

100
121

United States .......................

41

34

41

121

All
Arkansas ..............................
California .............................
Louisiana .............................
Mississippi ...........................
Missouri ...............................
Texas ...................................

1,441
506
440
140
224
195

1,156
498
425
117
187
157

1,396
500
430
150
199
172

121
100
101
128
106
110

United States .......................

2,946

2,540

2,847

112

- Represents zero.
(X) Not applicable.
1
Intended plantings in 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers.
2
Includes sweet rice.

Canola Area Planted – States and United States: 2018-2020
Area planted
State

2018
(1,000 acres)

Percent of
previous year

2020 1

2019
(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(percent)

Idaho 2 .................................
Kansas .................................
Minnesota ............................
Montana ...............................
North Dakota ........................
Oklahoma ............................
Oregon 2 ..............................
Washington ..........................

43.0
47.0
46.0
120.0
1,590.0
70.0
4.7
70.0

(NA)
29.0
51.0
150.0
1,700.0
35.0
(NA)
75.0

(NA)
10.0
62.0
175.0
1,660.0
12.0
(NA)
70.0

(X)
34
122
117
98
34
(X)
93

United States .......................

1,990.7

2,040.0

1,989.0

98

(NA) Not available.
(X) Not applicable.
1
Intended plantings in 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers.
2
Estimates discontinued in 2019.

14

Prospective Plantings (March 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Soybean Area Planted – States and United States: 2018-2020
Area planted
State

2018
(1,000 acres)

Percent of
previous year

2020 1

2019
(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(percent)

Alabama ..............................
Arkansas .............................
Delaware .............................
Florida 2 ...............................
Georgia ...............................
Illinois ..................................
Indiana ................................
Iowa .....................................
Kansas ................................
Kentucky ..............................

345
3,270
170
18
145
10,800
6,000
9,950
4,750
1,950

265
2,650
155
(NA)
100
9,950
5,400
9,200
4,550
1,700

260
2,900
145
(NA)
90
10,500
5,400
9,300
5,000
1,800

98
109
94
(X)
90
106
100
101
110
106

Louisiana .............................
Maryland ..............................
Michigan ..............................
Minnesota ............................
Mississippi ...........................
Missouri ...............................
Nebraska .............................
New Jersey ..........................
New York .............................
North Carolina .....................

1,340
530
2,330
7,750
2,230
5,850
5,650
110
335
1,650

890
480
1,760
6,850
1,660
5,100
4,900
95
235
1,540

980
470
2,200
7,400
1,850
5,800
5,100
80
290
1,480

110
98
125
108
111
114
104
84
123
96

North Dakota .......................
Ohio .....................................
Oklahoma ............................
Pennsylvania .......................
South Carolina .....................
South Dakota .......................
Tennessee ...........................
Texas ..................................
Virginia ................................
West Virginia 2 .....................
Wisconsin ............................

6,900
5,050
640
640
390
5,650
1,700
175
600
29
2,220

5,600
4,300
465
620
335
3,500
1,400
80
570
(NA)
1,750

6,600
4,800
550
630
320
5,400
1,500
115
600
(NA)
1,950

118
112
118
102
96
154
107
144
105
(X)
111

United States .......................

89,167

76,100

83,510

110

(NA) Not available.
(X) Not applicable.
1
Intended plantings in 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers.
2
Estimates discontinued in 2019.

Peanut Area Planted – States and United States: 2018-2020
Area planted
State

2018

2019

2020 1

Percent of
previous year

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(percent)

Alabama ..............................
Arkansas .............................
Florida .................................
Georgia ...............................
Mississippi ...........................
New Mexico .........................
North Carolina .....................
Oklahoma ............................
South Carolina .....................
Texas ..................................
Virginia ................................

165.0
26.0
155.0
665.0
25.0
5.5
102.0
16.0
87.0
155.0
24.0

160.0
34.0
165.0
670.0
20.0
4.7
104.0
15.0
65.0
165.0
25.0

165.0
35.0
175.0
740.0
20.0
5.0
105.0
12.0
75.0
170.0
27.0

103
103
106
110
100
106
101
80
115
103
108

United States .......................

1,425.5

1,427.7

1,529.0

107

1

Intended plantings in 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers.

Prospective Plantings (March 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

15

Sunflower Area Planted by Type – States and United States: 2018-2020
Varietal type
and State

Area planted
2018

2019

2020 1

Percent of
previous year

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(percent)

Oil
California .............................
Colorado ..............................
Kansas .................................
Minnesota ............................
Nebraska .............................
North Dakota ........................
South Dakota .......................
Texas ...................................

58.0
58.0
43.0
45.0
25.0
395.0
520.0
20.0

49.0
47.0
37.0
53.0
28.0
470.0
485.0
28.0

49.0
43.0
60.0
71.0
30.0
500.0
570.0
33.0

100
91
162
134
107
106
118
118

United States .......................

1,164.0

1,197.0

1,356.0

113

Non-oil
California .............................
Colorado ..............................
Kansas .................................
Minnesota ............................
Nebraska .............................
North Dakota ........................
South Dakota .......................
Texas ...................................

2.0
8.0
10.0
7.5
12.0
41.0
51.0
5.5

1.6
12.0
8.0
5.0
9.0
65.0
48.0
5.0

1.0
20.0
20.0
6.0
10.0
70.0
50.0
25.0

63
167
250
120
111
108
104
500

United States .......................

137.0

153.6

202.0

132

All
California .............................
Colorado ..............................
Kansas .................................
Minnesota ............................
Nebraska .............................
North Dakota ........................
South Dakota .......................
Texas ...................................

60.0
66.0
53.0
52.5
37.0
436.0
571.0
25.5

50.6
59.0
45.0
58.0
37.0
535.0
533.0
33.0

50.0
63.0
80.0
77.0
40.0
570.0
620.0
58.0

99
107
178
133
108
107
116
176

United States .......................

1,301.0

1,350.6

1,558.0

115

1

Intended plantings in 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers.

Flaxseed Area Planted – States and United States: 2018-2020
Area planted
State

2018

2019

2020 1

Percent of
previous year

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(percent)

Montana ...............................
North Dakota ........................
South Dakota 2 .....................

39
165
4

99
275
(NA)

80
190
(NA)

81
69
(X)

United States .......................

208

374

270

72

(NA) Not available.
(X) Not applicable.
1
Intended plantings in 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers.
2
Estimates discontinued in 2019.

16

Prospective Plantings (March 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Cotton Area Planted by Type – States and United States: 2018-2020
Area planted
Type and State

2018

2019

2020 1

Percent of
previous year

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(percent)

Upland
Alabama ..............................
Arizona ................................
Arkansas .............................
California .............................
Florida .................................
Georgia ...............................
Kansas ................................
Louisiana .............................
Mississippi ...........................
Missouri ...............................

510.0
160.0
485.0
48.0
117.0
1,430.0
165.0
195.0
620.0
325.0

540.0
160.0
620.0
55.0
112.0
1,400.0
175.0
280.0
710.0
380.0

530.0
130.0
590.0
45.0
120.0
1,300.0
200.0
230.0
660.0
400.0

98
81
95
82
107
93
114
82
93
105

New Mexico .........................
North Carolina .....................
Oklahoma ............................
South Carolina .....................
Tennessee ...........................
Texas ..................................
Virginia ................................

77.0
430.0
780.0
300.0
360.0
7,750.0
98.0

63.0
510.0
640.0
300.0
410.0
7,050.0
103.0

65.0
500.0
680.0
270.0
360.0
7,300.0
95.0

103
98
106
90
88
104
92

United States .......................

13,850.0

13,508.0

13,475.0

100

American Pima
Arizona ................................
California .............................
New Mexico .........................
Texas ..................................

14.5
211.0
6.8
18.0

7.5
205.0
5.3
12.0

12.0
195.0
8.0
13.0

160
95
151
108

United States .......................

250.3

229.8

228.0

99

All
Alabama ..............................
Arizona ................................
Arkansas .............................
California .............................
Florida .................................
Georgia ...............................
Kansas ................................
Louisiana .............................
Mississippi ...........................
Missouri ...............................

510.0
174.5
485.0
259.0
117.0
1,430.0
165.0
195.0
620.0
325.0

540.0
167.5
620.0
260.0
112.0
1,400.0
175.0
280.0
710.0
380.0

530.0
142.0
590.0
240.0
120.0
1,300.0
200.0
230.0
660.0
400.0

98
85
95
92
107
93
114
82
93
105

New Mexico .........................
North Carolina .....................
Oklahoma ............................
South Carolina .....................
Tennessee ...........................
Texas ..................................
Virginia ................................

83.8
430.0
780.0
300.0
360.0
7,768.0
98.0

68.3
510.0
640.0
300.0
410.0
7,062.0
103.0

73.0
500.0
680.0
270.0
360.0
7,313.0
95.0

107
98
106
90
88
104
92

United States .......................

14,100.3

13,737.8

13,703.0

100

1

Intended plantings in 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers.

Prospective Plantings (March 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

17

Sugarbeet Area Planted – States and United States: 2018-2020
[Relates to year of intended harvest in all States except California]
Area planted
State

2018

2019

2020 1

Percent of
previous year

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(percent)

2

California ...........................
Colorado ..............................
Idaho ....................................
Michigan ..............................
Minnesota ............................
Montana ...............................
Nebraska .............................
North Dakota ........................
Oregon .................................
Washington ..........................
Wyoming ..............................

24.6
26.3
163.0
150.0
415.0
43.5
45.5
202.0
9.3
1.8
32.1

24.5
25.1
171.0
146.0
424.0
41.8
44.0
212.0
10.0
2.0
31.6

24.4
25.2
168.0
150.0
427.0
42.5
44.0
214.0
9.9
2.0
31.5

100
100
98
103
101
102
100
101
99
100
100

United States .......................

1,113.1

1,132.0

1,138.5

101

1
2

Intended plantings in 2020 as indicated by reports from processors.
Relates to year of planting for overwintered beets in southern California.

Tobacco Area Harvested – States and United States: 2018-2020
Area harvested
State

2018
(acres)

Percent of
previous year

2020 1

2019
(acres)

(acres)

(percent)

Georgia ................................
Kentucky ..............................
North Carolina ......................
Pennsylvania .......................
South Carolina .....................
Tennessee ...........................
Virginia .................................

12,500
68,100
152,750
7,800
12,300
15,700
22,280

9,000
57,400
117,400
5,700
8,300
13,300
16,020

9,000
51,400
100,300
5,700
7,500
12,900
15,000

100
90
85
100
90
97
94

United States .......................

291,430

227,120

201,800

89

1

Intended area harvested in 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers.

18

Prospective Plantings (March 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Tobacco Area Harvested by Class and Type – States and United States: 2018-2020
Area harvested
Class, type, and State

2018

2019

2020 1

Percent of
previous year

(acres)

(acres)

(acres)

(percent)

Class 1, Flue-cured (11-14)
Georgia ..............................................................................
North Carolina ....................................................................
South Carolina ....................................................................
Virginia ...............................................................................

12,500
152,000
12,300
21,000

9,000
117,000
8,300
15,000

9,000
100,000
7,500
14,000

100
85
90
93

United States ......................................................................

197,800

149,300

130,500

87

Class 2, Fire-cured (21-23)
Kentucky .............................................................................
Tennessee ..........................................................................
Virginia ...............................................................................

11,000
7,600
280

9,500
6,300
320

8,000
6,000
300

84
95
94

United States ......................................................................

18,880

16,120

14,300

89

Class 3A, Light air-cured
Type 31, Burley
Kentucky .........................................................................
North Carolina ................................................................
Pennsylvania ..................................................................
Tennessee ......................................................................
Virginia ...........................................................................

50,000
750
4,000
5,300
1,000

41,000
400
2,500
4,000
700

37,000
300
2,500
4,000
700

90
75
100
100
100

United States ..................................................................

61,050

48,600

44,500

92

Type 32, Southern Maryland
Pennsylvania ..................................................................

1,400

1,000

400

40

United States ..................................................................

1,400

1,000

400

40

Total light air-cured (31-32) ..............................................

62,450

49,600

44,900

91

Class 3B, Dark air-cured (35-37)
Kentucky .............................................................................
Tennessee ..........................................................................

7,100
2,800

6,900
3,000

6,400
2,900

93
97

United States ......................................................................

9,900

9,900

9,300

94

Class 4, Cigar filler
Type 41, Pennsylvania Seedleaf
Pennsylvania ..................................................................

2,400

2,200

2,800

127

United States ..................................................................

2,400

2,200

2,800

127

All tobacco
United States ......................................................................

291,430

227,120

201,800

89

1

Intended area harvested in 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers.

Prospective Plantings (March 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

19

Dry Edible Bean Area Planted – States and United States: 2018-2020
[Excludes beans grown for garden seed. Beginning in 2019, chickpeas are excluded]
Area planted
State

2018

2019

2020 1

Percent of
previous year

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(percent)

California .............................
Colorado ..............................
Idaho ....................................
Michigan ..............................
Minnesota ............................
Montana 2 ............................
Nebraska .............................
North Dakota ........................
Texas 2 .................................
Washington ..........................
Wyoming ..............................

48.0
42.0
185.0
195.0
185.0
395.0
140.2
635.0
20.3
218.0
31.0

27.4
37.0
47.0
185.0
210.0
(NA)
120.0
615.0
(NA)
25.0
21.0

16.0
45.0
48.0
200.0
215.0
(NA)
145.0
650.0
(NA)
26.0
27.0

58
122
102
108
102
(X)
121
106
(X)
104
129

United States .......................

2,094.5

1,287.4

1,372.0

107

(NA) Not available.
(X) Not applicable.
1
Intended plantings in 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers.
2
Estimates discontinued in 2019.

20

Prospective Plantings (March 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Chickpea Area Planted – States and United States: 2018-2020
[Beginning in 2019, chickpeas are excluded from dry edible beans]
Area planted
Size and State

2018

2019

2020 1

Percent of
previous year

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(percent)

2

Small chickpeas
California ............................................................
Colorado 3 ...........................................................
Idaho ..................................................................
Michigan 3 ...........................................................
Minnesota 3 .........................................................
Montana .............................................................
Nebraska 3 ..........................................................
North Dakota ......................................................
Texas 3 ...............................................................
Washington ........................................................
Wyoming 3 ..........................................................

(D)
(D)
62.0
(D)
(D)
18.4
(D)
70.0
-

(D)
(NA)
20.0
(NA)
(NA)
51.0
(NA)
(D)
(NA)
25.0
(NA)

(D)
(NA)
12.0
(NA)
(NA)
56.0
(NA)
(D)
(NA)
22.0
(NA)

(D)
(X)
60
(X)
(X)
110
(X)
(D)
(X)
88
(X)

Other States 4 .....................................................

75.3

9.0

10.0

111

United States ......................................................

225.7

105.0

100.0

95

Large chickpeas 5
California ............................................................
Colorado 3 ...........................................................
Idaho ..................................................................
Michigan 3 ...........................................................
Minnesota 3 .........................................................
Montana .............................................................
Nebraska 3 ..........................................................
North Dakota ......................................................
Texas 3 ...............................................................
Washington ........................................................
Wyoming 3 ..........................................................

(D)
(D)
72.0
(D)
(D)
(D)
96.0
(D)
120.0
(D)

(D)
(NA)
68.0
(NA)
(NA)
148.0
(NA)
(D)
(NA)
85.0
(NA)

(D)
(NA)
50.0
(NA)
(NA)
83.0
(NA)
(D)
(NA)
54.0
(NA)

(D)
(X)
74
(X)
(X)
56
(X)
(D)
(X)
64
(X)

Other States 4 .....................................................

349.5

45.4

19.0

42

United States ......................................................

637.5

346.4

206.0

59

All chickpeas
California ............................................................
Colorado 3 ...........................................................
Idaho ..................................................................
Michigan 3 ...........................................................
Minnesota 3 .........................................................
Montana .............................................................
Nebraska 3 ..........................................................
North Dakota ......................................................
Texas 3 ...............................................................
Washington ........................................................
Wyoming 3 ..........................................................

15.1
(D)
134.0
(D)
390.0
12.7
114.4
(D)
190.0
(D)

13.4
(NA)
88.0
(NA)
(NA)
199.0
(NA)
41.0
(NA)
110.0
(NA)

12.0
(NA)
62.0
(NA)
(NA)
139.0
(NA)
17.0
(NA)
76.0
(NA)

90
(X)
70
(X)
(X)
70
(X)
41
(X)
69
(X)

Other States 4 .....................................................

7.0

-

-

(X)

United States ......................................................

863.2

451.4

306.0

68

- Represents zero.
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(NA) Not available.
(X) Not applicable.
1
Intended plantings in 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers.
2
Chickpeas 20/64 inches or smaller.
3
Estimates discontinued in 2019.
4
Includes data withheld above.
5
Chickpeas larger than 20/64 inches.

Prospective Plantings (March 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

21

Lentil Area Planted – States and United States: 2018-2020
Area planted
State

2018
(1,000 acres)

Percent of
previous year

2020 1

2019
(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(percent)

Idaho ....................................
Montana ...............................
North Dakota ........................
Washington ..........................

35.0
500.0
185.0
60.0

34.0
295.0
95.0
62.0

32.0
315.0
85.0
42.0

94
107
89
68

United States .......................

780.0

486.0

474.0

98

1

Intended plantings in 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers.

Dry Edible Pea Area Planted – States and United States: 2018-2020
[Beginning in 2019, includes Austrian winter peas and wrinkled seed peas]
Area planted
State

2018

2019

2020 1

Percent of
previous year

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(percent)

Idaho ....................................
Montana ...............................
Nebraska .............................
North Dakota ........................
Oregon 2 ..............................
South Dakota .......................
Washington ..........................

8.0
335.0
58.0
375.0
6.5
22.0
52.0

29.0
530.0
31.0
425.0
(NA)
16.0
72.0

25.0
495.0
28.0
325.0
(NA)
11.0
87.0

86
93
90
76
(X)
69
121

United States .......................

856.5

1,103.0

971.0

88

(NA) Not available.
(X) Not applicable.
1
Intended plantings in 2020 as indicated by reports from farmers.
2
Estimates discontinued in 2019.

22

Prospective Plantings (March 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units – United States:
2019 and 2020
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2020 crop year.
Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop

Area planted

Area harvested

2019

2020

2019

2020

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

Grains and hay
Barley ..............................................................................................
Corn for grain 1 ................................................................................
Corn for silage .................................................................................
Hay, all ............................................................................................
Alfalfa ..........................................................................................
All other .......................................................................................
Oats .................................................................................................
Proso millet ......................................................................................
Rice .................................................................................................
Rye ..................................................................................................
Sorghum for grain 1 ..........................................................................
Sorghum for silage ...........................................................................
Wheat, all ........................................................................................
Winter ..........................................................................................
Durum ..........................................................................................
Other spring .................................................................................

2,721
89,700
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
2,810
506
2,540
1,865
5,265
(NA)
45,158
31,159
1,339
12,660

2,921
96,990

Oilseeds
Canola .............................................................................................
Cottonseed ......................................................................................
Flaxseed ..........................................................................................
Mustard seed ...................................................................................
Peanuts ...........................................................................................
Rapeseed ........................................................................................
Safflower .........................................................................................
Soybeans for beans .........................................................................
Sunflower ........................................................................................

2,040.0
(X)
374
98.0
1,427.7
11.3
165.8
76,100
1,350.6

1,989.0

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops
Cotton, all ........................................................................................
Upland .........................................................................................
American Pima ............................................................................
Sugarbeets ......................................................................................
Sugarcane .......................................................................................
Tobacco ...........................................................................................

13,737.8
13,508.0
229.8
1,132.0
(NA)
(NA)

13,703.0
13,475.0
228.0
1,138.5
(NA)

11,804.5
11,580.0
224.5
979.3
913.2
227.1

Dry beans, peas, and lentils
Chickpeas ........................................................................................
Dry edible beans ..............................................................................
Dry edible peas ................................................................................
Lentils ..............................................................................................

451.4
1,287.4
1,103.0
486.0

306.0
1,372.0
971.0
474.0

404.0
1,176.5
1,052.0
431.0

Potatoes and miscellaneous
Hops ................................................................................................
Maple syrup .....................................................................................
Mushrooms ......................................................................................
Peppermint oil ..................................................................................
Potatoes ..........................................................................................
Spearmint oil ...................................................................................

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
968.3
(NA)

See footnote(s) at end of table.

Prospective Plantings (March 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

(NA)

3,012
2,847
5,820
44,655
30,775
1,290
12,590

270
1,529.0

83,510
1,558.0

2,182
81,482
6,587
52,425
16,743
35,682
826
465
2,472
310
4,675
339
37,162
24,327
1,175
11,660

53,283

1,910.0
(X)
319
90.0
1,391.7
10.4
152.7
75,021
1,244.5

201.8

56.5
(NA)
(NA)
52.4
942.2
18.5
--continued

23

Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units – United States:
2019 and 2020 (continued)
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2020 crop year.
Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop

Yield per acre
2019

Production
2020

2019

2020

(1,000)

(1,000)

Grains and hay
Barley ................................................................................... bushels
Corn for grain ........................................................................ bushels
Corn for silage ........................................................................... tons
Hay, all ....................................................................................... tons
Alfalfa ..................................................................................... tons
All other .................................................................................. tons
Oats ...................................................................................... bushels
Proso millet ........................................................................... bushels
Rice 2 ........................................................................................... cwt
Rye ....................................................................................... bushels
Sorghum for grain ................................................................. bushels
Sorghum for silage ..................................................................... tons
Wheat, all .............................................................................. bushels
Winter ............................................................................... bushels
Durum ............................................................................... bushels
Other spring ...................................................................... bushels

77.7
168.0
20.2
2.46
3.28
2.07
64.3
35.7
7,471
34.3
73.0
11.9
51.7
53.6
45.7
48.2

169,566
13,691,561
132,807
128,864
54,875
73,989
53,148
16,608
184,675
10,622
341,460
4,019
1,920,139
1,304,003
53,756
562,380

Oilseeds
Canola ...................................................................................pounds
Cottonseed ................................................................................ tons
Flaxseed ............................................................................... bushels
Mustard seed .........................................................................pounds
Peanuts .................................................................................pounds
Rapeseed ..............................................................................pounds
Safflower ................................................................................pounds
Soybeans for beans .............................................................. bushels
Sunflower ...............................................................................pounds

1,781
(X)
20.0
706
3,949
2,160
1,272
47.4
1,562

3,402,000
6,232.0
6,395
63,580
5,496,087
22,464
194,295
3,558,281
1,943,435

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops
Cotton, all 2 ............................................................................... bales
Upland 2 ................................................................................ bales
American Pima 2 ................................................................... bales
Sugarbeets ................................................................................ tons
Sugarcane ................................................................................. tons
Tobacco .................................................................................pounds

817
803
1,544
29.2
35.0
2,060

20,102.0
19,380.0
722.0
28,600
31,937
467,956

Dry beans, peas, and lentils
Chickpeas 2 .................................................................................. cwt
Dry edible beans 2 ........................................................................ cwt
Dry edible peas 2 .......................................................................... cwt
Lentils 5 ........................................................................................ cwt

1,544
1,769
2,124
1,250

6,237
20,811
22,346
5,388

Potatoes and miscellaneous
Hops ......................................................................................pounds
Maple syrup ........................................................................... gallons
Mushrooms ............................................................................pounds
Peppermint oil ........................................................................pounds
Potatoes ...................................................................................... cwt
Spearmint oil ..........................................................................pounds

1,981
(NA)
(NA)
104
449
130

112,041.2
4,240
846,491
5,452
422,890
2,413

(NA) Not available.
(X) Not applicable.
1
Area planted for all purposes.
2
Yield in pounds.

24

Prospective Plantings (March 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units – United States:
2019 and 2020
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2020 crop year.
Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop

Area planted

Area harvested

2019

2020

2019

2020

(hectares)

(hectares)

(hectares)

(hectares)

Grains and hay
Barley .................................................................................
Corn for grain 1 ...................................................................
Corn for silage ....................................................................
Hay, all 2 .............................................................................
Alfalfa .............................................................................
All other ..........................................................................
Oats ....................................................................................
Proso millet .........................................................................
Rice ....................................................................................
Rye .....................................................................................
Sorghum for grain 1 .............................................................
Sorghum for silage ..............................................................
Wheat, all 2 .........................................................................
Winter .............................................................................
Durum .............................................................................
Other spring ....................................................................

1,101,160
36,300,690
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
1,137,180
204,770
1,027,910
754,750
2,130,690
(NA)
18,274,990
12,609,740
541,880
5,123,380

1,182,100
39,250,880

Oilseeds
Canola ................................................................................
Cottonseed .........................................................................
Flaxseed .............................................................................
Mustard seed ......................................................................
Peanuts ..............................................................................
Rapeseed ...........................................................................
Safflower ............................................................................
Soybeans for beans ............................................................
Sunflower ...........................................................................

825,570
(X)
151,350
39,660
577,780
4,570
67,100
30,796,910
546,570

804,930

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops
Cotton, all 2 .........................................................................
Upland ............................................................................
American Pima ...............................................................
Sugarbeets .........................................................................
Sugarcane ..........................................................................
Tobacco ..............................................................................

5,559,550
5,466,550
93,000
458,110
(NA)
(NA)

5,545,470
5,453,200
92,270
460,740
(NA)

4,777,160
4,686,310
90,850
396,310
369,560
91,910

Dry beans, peas, and lentils
Chickpeas ...........................................................................
Dry edible beans .................................................................
Dry edible peas ...................................................................
Lentils .................................................................................

182,680
521,000
446,370
196,680

123,840
555,230
392,950
191,820

163,490
476,120
425,730
174,420

Potatoes and miscellaneous
Hops ...................................................................................
Maple syrup ........................................................................
Mushrooms .........................................................................
Peppermint oil .....................................................................
Potatoes .............................................................................
Spearmint oil ......................................................................

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
391,860
(NA)

See footnote(s) at end of table.

Prospective Plantings (March 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

(NA)

1,218,930
1,152,150
2,355,300
18,071,430
12,454,330
522,050
5,095,050

109,270
618,770

33,795,660
630,510

883,030
32,974,950
2,665,690
21,215,870
6,775,720
14,440,150
334,270
188,180
1,000,390
125,450
1,891,930
137,190
15,039,090
9,844,890
475,510
4,718,690

21,563,100

772,960
(X)
129,100
36,420
563,210
4,210
61,800
30,360,250
503,640

81,670

22,880
(NA)
(NA)
21,210
381,300
7,490
--continued

25

Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units – United States:
2019 and 2020 (continued)
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2020 crop year.
Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop

Yield per hectare

Production

2019

2020

2019

2020

(metric tons)

(metric tons)

(metric tons)

(metric tons)

Grains and hay
Barley ..............................................................................................
Corn for grain ...................................................................................
Corn for silage .................................................................................
Hay, all 2 ..........................................................................................
Alfalfa ...........................................................................................
All other ........................................................................................
Oats .................................................................................................
Proso millet ......................................................................................
Rice .................................................................................................
Rye ..................................................................................................
Sorghum for grain ............................................................................
Sorghum for silage ...........................................................................
Wheat, all 2 ......................................................................................
Winter ..........................................................................................
Durum ..........................................................................................
Other spring .................................................................................

4.18
10.55
45.20
5.51
7.35
4.65
2.31
2.00
8.37
2.15
4.58
26.58
3.47
3.60
3.08
3.24

3,691,860
347,781,670
120,480,480
116,903,450
49,781,760
67,121,690
771,440
376,660
8,376,720
269,810
8,673,480
3,645,980
52,257,620
35,489,150
1,463,000
15,305,480

Oilseeds
Canola .............................................................................................
Cottonseed ......................................................................................
Flaxseed ..........................................................................................
Mustard seed ...................................................................................
Peanuts ...........................................................................................
Rapeseed ........................................................................................
Safflower ..........................................................................................
Soybeans for beans .........................................................................
Sunflower .........................................................................................

2.00
(X)
1.26
0.79
4.43
2.42
1.43
3.19
1.75

1,543,120
5,653,580
162,440
28,840
2,492,980
10,190
88,130
96,840,540
881,530

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops
Cotton, all 2 ......................................................................................
Upland .........................................................................................
American Pima .............................................................................
Sugarbeets ......................................................................................
Sugarcane .......................................................................................
Tobacco ...........................................................................................

0.92
0.90
1.73
65.47
78.40
2.31

4,376,690
4,219,500
157,200
25,945,480
28,972,760
212,260

Dry beans, peas, and lentils
Chickpeas ........................................................................................
Dry edible beans ..............................................................................
Dry edible peas ................................................................................
Lentils ..............................................................................................

1.73
1.98
2.38
1.40

282,910
943,970
1,013,600
244,400

Potatoes and miscellaneous
Hops ................................................................................................
Maple syrup .....................................................................................
Mushrooms ......................................................................................
Peppermint oil ..................................................................................
Potatoes ..........................................................................................
Spearmint oil ....................................................................................

2.22
(NA)
(NA)
0.12
50.31
0.15

50,820
21,200
383,960
2,470
19,181,970
1,090

(NA) Not available.
(X) Not applicable.
1
Area planted for all purposes.
2
Total may not add due to rounding.

26

Prospective Plantings (March 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Winter Weather Summary
Highlights: Despite fleeting cold outbreaks, warmth dominated the country during the winter of 2019-2020.
Above-normal temperatures were especially notable east of the Mississippi River, leading to one of the ten warmest
winters on record in most States. Meanwhile, wet weather persisted through another season in much of the central and
eastern United States, leading to pockets of mid- to late-winter flooding. Much of the Southeast was especially wet, with
Alabama and Georgia reporting record-high winter precipitation. However, parts of the Deep South, mostly from
southern Texas to peninsular Florida, experienced drier-than-normal weather. In fact, drought appreciably intensified
during the winter in the western Gulf Coast region, including Deep South Texas.
In California, a promising start to the winter wet season faded into a protracted stretch of dry weather. Aside from a brief
period of precipitation in January, the last 2 months of winter were almost completely dry in California’s key watershed
areas. By February 29, the average water equivalency of the Sierra Nevada snowpack stood at 11 inches—just 45 percent
of the end-of-winter normal, according to the California Department of Water Resources. A different scenario unfolded
across the Northwest, where a slow start to the winter wet season was replaced by extremely wet condition—and even
some flooding—in January. Elsewhere, the Southwest experienced several periods of significant winter precipitation, but
continued to deal with chronically low reservoir levels—especially in New Mexico—and premature melting of highelevation snowpack.
Winter wheat did not suffer major calamities during the winter months, although several factors contributed to
less-than-ideal crop conditions in some areas. On the central and southern High Plains, pockets of drought and harsh
autumn cold snaps led to locally poor winter wheat stands as the crop entered dormancy. By March 1, at least one-fifth of
the wheat was rated in very poor to poor condition in Texas (23 percent) and Kansas (20 percent). Elsewhere, 22 percent
of Michigan’s winter wheat was rated very poor to poor in late February, partly due to late planting, poor establishment,
and excessive wetness.
According to the United States Drought Monitor, winter drought coverage across the Lower 48 States stayed in a narrow
range from 10 to 13 percent. Prior to the winter of 2019-2020, the last time exceptional drought (D4) was observed
anywhere in the country was March 12, 2019. By winter’s end, primary areas of drought concern included
southern Texas, parts of the Far West, including much of California, and an area stretching from the Four Corners region
eastward to the High Plains. The driest area covered southern Texas. Statewide, extreme drought (D3) affected nearly
6 percent of Texas by early March.
Historical Perspective: According to preliminary data provided by the National Centers for Environmental Information,
it was the Nation’s 6th-warmest, 19th-wettest winter during the 125-year period of record. The country’s winter average
temperature of 36.0°F was 3.8°F above the 1901-2000 mean, while precipitation averaged 7.71 inches (114 percent of
normal).
All Lower 48 States had a December-February ranking on the “warm” side of the historical distribution; Utah, with its
42nd-warmest winter, was the “coolest” State. Meanwhile, top-ten rankings for winter warmth were observed in 24 of
26 States east of the Mississippi River—all but Mississippi and Wisconsin. Statewide precipitation rankings ranged from
the 22nd-driest winter in California to the wettest winter on record in Alabama and Georgia. It was also among the ten
wettest winters in Mississippi, South Carolina, and Tennessee.
December: Active weather prevailed across most of the country, especially in the Southeast and an area stretching from
California and the Southwest to the northern Plains and upper Great Lakes region. Across the far upper Midwest, a
persistently deep snow cover hampered final harvest efforts for corn and sunflowers. In the last national report, dated
December 8, only 92 percent of the Nation’s corn and 73 percent of the sunflowers had been harvested. In North Dakota,
43 percent of the corn had been cut on that date, while 60 percent of the sunflowers had been harvested. By the end of
December, North Dakota’s harvest had advanced to 48 and 66 percent complete, respectively, for corn and sunflowers.
Snow also remained on the ground for much (or all) of the month in parts of the Northeast, following an early-month
storm. In contrast, drier-than-normal weather prevailed across portions of the southern Plains, as well as the western
Gulf Coast region. Several factors, including drought and periodic cold snaps, continued to adversely affect winter wheat
in parts of Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas. During December, as much as 15 percent of the Nation’s winter
Prospective Plantings (March 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

27

wheat production area was in drought, according to the United States Drought Monitor. However, a late-month storm
system provided some of the Plains’ driest wheat areas with highly beneficial moisture.
Portions of the Northwest also experienced drier-than-normal conditions, despite a late-month increase in precipitation. In
addition, Northwestern snow accumulations were limited by mild weather, leaving high-elevation snowpack 25 to
75 percent of the late-December average in much of Idaho, Oregon, and Washington. Elsewhere, near- or above-average
snowpack dominated areas from the Sierra Nevada to the central and southern Rockies, as well as the eastern slopes of the
northern Rockies, courtesy of multiple storms in late November and throughout December.
Above-normal December temperatures dominated the country, despite periodic cold spells. The warmest weather, relative
to normal, stretched from the central and southern Plains into the lower Midwest and the Southeast. East of the Rockies,
impressive warmth developed late in the month, causing the Nation’s snow coverage to retreat to 25.5 percent by
December 24, down from a peak of 48.4 percent just 7 days earlier.
January: Western weather patterns flipped in January, with wetter conditions developing in the Northwest and a drier
regime arriving across California and the Southwest. As a result, Northwestern snowpack dramatically improved to
near-normal values by month’s end, while little snow accumulated in California’s key watershed areas. According to the
California Department of Water Resources, the average water equivalency of the Sierra Nevada snowpack increased only
3 inches (from 9 to 12 inches) during the month—and was only about 70 percent of the late-January average.
Meanwhile, most of the central and eastern United States experienced unsettled January weather. Relative to normal,
precipitation was particularly heavy in the Midwest, further delaying final harvest efforts. By late January, harvesting of
corn and sunflowers was 96 percent complete in South Dakota. In North Dakota, where many areas have experienced
continuous snow coverage since late November, the corn and sunflower harvests were just 49 and 67 percent complete,
respectively.
Heavy precipitation from the Midwest southward to the central Gulf Coast also led to a rare, mid-winter flood event.
Some of the most significant flooding developed around mid-January from Mississippi to Michigan, fueled by a series of
storms. Midwestern basins such as the Illinois and Wabash Rivers experienced mostly minor to moderate flooding.
Flooding also affected the lower Mississippi Valley and environs.
Late in the month, topsoil moisture was rated at least 40 percent surplus in many Midwestern States, including Michigan
(63 percent), Ohio (59 percent), South Dakota (48 percent), Missouri (45 percent), North Dakota (44 percent), and Illinois
(40 percent). In contrast, lingering pockets of drought across the High Plains and the Southwest left topsoil moisture rated
65 percent very short to short in New Mexico, along with 61 percent in Colorado and 32 percent in Kansas. By late
January, nearly one-quarter of the winter wheat was rated in very poor to poor condition in Colorado (24 percent) and
Kansas (23 percent).
Despite brief cold episodes, near- or above-normal January temperatures dominated the country. Warmth was especially
notable east of the Mississippi River, where monthly temperatures averaged as much as 6 to 10°F above normal. For most
areas east of the Rockies, the harshest period of cold weather lasted about a week and culminated with a freeze across
parts of Florida’s peninsula on January 22. During Florida’s brief cold outbreak, high winds and temperatures near the
freezing mark may have reduced the yield potential of highly sensitive vegetables.
February: Significant precipitation deficits persisted through a second consecutive month in much of California and the
Great Basin. In fact, parts of California received no precipitation during the month, setting February records for dryness.
In addition, little mid- to late-winter snow in the Sierra Nevada left the average water equivalency of the high-elevation
snowpack less than one-half of the end-of-February average.
Other areas of the West received occasional rain and snow. Northwestern snowpack, which had stabilized during a wet
January, continued to benefit from periods of stormy weather. Pockets of drought persisted, however, along the eastern
slopes of the Cascades and in south-central Idaho. In contrast, an early-February deluge—following heavy snow—
triggered significant flooding in northeastern Oregon and environs.

28

Prospective Plantings (March 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Farther east, most areas from the Plains to the Atlantic Seaboard experienced another wet month. In some cases, Southern
rivers that had flooded in mid- to late January surged to even higher levels during the second half of February. Lowland
flooding also extended northward into the lower Midwest, while parts of the northern Corn Belt continued to brace for
spring flooding. Conversely, drier-than-normal February weather affected a few areas, including southern Texas, the
upper Great Lakes region, parts of New England, and the northern part of peninsular Florida.
Since late November, parts of the upper Midwest, including the eastern Dakotas, have reported a continuous snow cover,
beneath which soils remain saturated. During February, North Dakota’s corn harvest advanced from 49 to 61 percent
complete, while the State’s sunflower harvest advanced from 67 to 79 percent complete. Other States, including
Minnesota and Wisconsin, reported some corn still standing in the field.
Elsewhere, relatively benign weather prevailed on the Plains, as generally mild weather accompanied frequent
precipitation events. However, short-lived cold outbreaks delivered sub-zero temperatures as far south as Colorado and
Nebraska. Similarly, a mid-month cold blast produced Midwestern readings below 0°F into northern Missouri and
central Illinois.
Despite the brief cold waves, above-normal February temperatures dominated the country. The warmest weather, relative
to normal, covered areas east of the Mississippi River, where many locations reported monthly readings more than 5°F
above normal. Slightly cooler-than-normal weather was mostly confined to the Pacific Northwest and Desert Southwest.
Crop Comments
Corn: Growers intend to plant 97.0 million acres of corn for all purposes in 2020, up 8 percent from last year. If realized,
this will be the highest planted acreage since 2012.
Planted acreage for 2020 is expected to be up or unchanged from 2019 in 38 of the 48 estimating States. Record high
acreage is expected in Arizona, Idaho, Nevada, and Oregon. Record low acreage is expected in Connecticut and
Rhode Island. Acreage increases from last year of 800,000 or more are expected in Indiana, Illinois, Ohio, and
South Dakota.
Sorghum: Growers intend to plant 5.82 million acres of sorghum for all purposes in 2020, up 11 percent from last year.
Kansas, the leading sorghum producing State, is expecting 8 percent more sorghum acres in 2020 than last year. Texas
growers are expecting to plant 16 percent more acres in 2020 than last year. As of March 23, Texas growers had planted
31 percent of their expected acreage, 1 percentage point ahead of last year and 6 percentage points ahead of the 5-year
average.
Oats: Area expected to be seeded to oats for the 2020 crop year is estimated at 3.01 million acres, up 7 percent from
2019. If realized, the United States planted area will be the ninth lowest on record. Record low planted acreage is expected
in California and Oregon.
Barley: Producers seeded 2.92 million acres of barley for the 2020 crop year, up 7 percent from the previous year. A
record low planted acreage is estimated for Colorado, Minnesota, New York and Oregon. However, in Montana, planted
acreage is expected to increase by 10 percent from last year.
Winter wheat: The 2020 winter wheat planted area is estimated at 30.8 million acres, down 1 percent from last year and
down slightly from the previous estimate. This represents the second lowest planted acreage on record for the
United States. Of the total acreage, about 21.7 million acres are Hard Red Winter, 5.69 million acres are Soft Red Winter,
and 3.42 million acres are White Winter. Record low planted acreage is estimated in Nebraska and Utah.
Durum wheat: Area seeded to Durum wheat for 2020 is estimated at 1.29 million acres, down 4 percent from 2019.
Acreage decreases are expected in California and North Dakota while increases are expected in Arizona and Montana.
Record low planted acreages are estimated in Idaho and North Dakota. Durum wheat seeding and emergence was nearly
complete in Arizona and California by March 28 at 95 percent and 93 percent, respectively.

Prospective Plantings (March 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

29

Other spring wheat: Growers intend to plant 12.6 million acres of other spring wheat, down 1 percent from 2019. Of this
total, about 11.9 million acres are Hard Red Spring wheat. Compared with last year, acreage increases are expected in all
spring wheat-producing States except Minnesota and North Dakota. Planted area in North Dakota, the largest producing
State, is estimated at 6.10 million acres, down 9 percent from last year.
Hay: Producers intend to harvest 53.3 million acres of all hay in 2020, up 2 percent from 2019. The Northern Plains and
Upper Midwestern States are expecting increases in harvested acres in 2020.
Record low all hay harvested area is expected in California, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey, Ohio,
Oregon, Rhode Island, and Washington in 2020. Meanwhile, Alaska is expecting a record high acreage.
Rice: Area planted to rice in 2020 is expected to total 2.85 million acres, up 12 percent from 2019. Arkansas, the largest
long grain-producing State, is expected to increase long grain acres by 25 percent from the previous year. Compared with
the last year, medium grain acres are expected to decrease 3 percent but short grain acres are expected to increase
21 percent. California, the largest medium and short grain-producing State, is expected to reduce medium grain planted
area by 1 percent but increase short grain planted area by 21 percent in 2020.
Canola: Producers intend to plant 1.99 million acres of canola in 2020, down 3 percent from last year’s planted area.
Despite the decline, planted acreage for the Nation will represent the third highest planted area on record. Compared with
last year, planted area is expected to decline in 4 of the 6 major canola-producing States, with acreage increases only
expected in Minnesota and Montana. Planted area in Oklahoma, at 12,000 acres, is the lowest since 2009, the first year
estimates were published for the State. Planted area in North Dakota, the leading canola-producing State, is down
2 percent from last year. If realized, planted area in Montana, at 175,000 acres, will be a record high.
Soybeans: Growers intend to plant 83.5 million acres in 2020, up 10 percent from last year. Compared with last year,
planted acreage intentions are up or unchanged in 22 of the 29 estimating States. Increases of 250,000 acres or more are
anticipated in Arkansas, Illinois, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, North Dakota, Ohio, and South Dakota.
Peanuts: Growers intend to plant 1.53 million acres in 2020, up 7 percent from 2019. Compared with last year, all States
are expecting an increase or no change in planted area except for Oklahoma. In Georgia, the largest peanut-producing
State, expected planted area is up 10 percent from 2019. If realized, it will be the most acres planted since 2017.
Sunflower: Growers intend to plant 1.56 million acres in 2020, an increase of 15 percent from 2019. If realized, this will
be the highest planted area for the Nation since 2016, but still the fifth lowest planted area since 1976. Compared with last
year, growers in seven of the eight major sunflower-producing States expect an increase in acreage this year. The only
State expecting a decline is California, where planted area is expected to be down less than 1,000 acres from last year.
Area intended for oil type varieties, at 1.36 million acres, is up 13 percent from 2019, but will be the seventh lowest since
1976, if realized. Compared with last year, growers in seven of the eight major sunflower-producing States expect an
increase in acreage for oil type varieties or are unchanged this year. The only State expecting a decline is Colorado, where
the expected planted area of 43,000 acres will represent the third lowest on record, if realized. Area intended for non-oil
varieties, at 202,000 acres, is up 32 percent from last year and if realized will be the highest planted area for the Nation
since 2015. Record low planted area for non-oil varieties is expected in California.
Flaxseed: Growers intend to plant 270,000 acres of flaxseed in 2020, twenty-eight percent less than was planted in 2019.
Acreage in North Dakota, the largest flaxseed-producing State, is expected to be down 31 percent, or 85,000 acres from
2019.
Cotton: Growers intend to plant 13.7 million acres in 2020, down less than 1 percent from last year. Upland area is
expected to total 13.5 million acres, down less than 1 percent from 2019. American Pima area is expected to total
228,000 acres, down 1 percent from 2019.
The largest increase in acres is expected in Texas. Compared with the previous year, 11 States are expected to plant fewer
Upland cotton acres in 2020. If realized, Upland cotton planted area in Kansas, at 200,000 acres, will be a record high.
30

Prospective Plantings (March 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Sugarbeets: Area expected to be planted to sugarbeets for the 2020 crop year is estimated at 1.14 million acres, up
1 percent from 2019. Intended acreages are above the previous year in 5 of the 11 estimating States.
Tobacco: United States all tobacco area for harvest in 2020 is expected to total 201,800 acres, down 11 percent from
2019. If realized, this will be the lowest tobacco acres harvested on record. Flue-cured tobacco, at 130,500 acres, is
13 percent below 2019 and accounts for 65 percent of this year’s total expected tobacco acreage. Total light air-cured
tobacco type area, at 44,900 acres, is down 9 percent from 2019. The burley portion of light-air cured tobacco, at
44,500 acres, is down 8 percent from last year.
Fire-cured tobacco, at 14,300 acres, is down 11 percent from 2019. Dark air-cured tobacco, at 9,300 acres, is
down 6 percent from last year. Cigar filler tobacco, at 2,800 acres, is up 27 percent from the previous year.
Dry beans: Growers intend to plant 1.37 million acres of dry edible beans in 2020, up 7 percent from the previous
season’s 1.29 million acres. Planted area is expected to be above last year in all estimating States except California.
Chickpeas: Area intended to be planted for all chickpeas is estimated at 306,000 acres, down 32 percent from last season.
Small chickpea intentions, at 100,000 acres, are 5 percent below 2019, while large chickpea intentions, at 206,000 acres,
are expected to decrease 41 percent from the previous year. If realized, chickpea acreage will be at the lowest level since
2015.
Lentils: Area planted for the 2020 crop year is expected to total 474,000 acres, down 2 percent from 2019. Planted area is
expected to be lower than last season in Idaho, North Dakota, and Washington, while planting intentions are above last
year in Montana. If realized, this will be the lowest planted area since 2014.
Dry edible peas: Area planted for the 2020 crop year is expected to total 971,000 acres, down 12 percent from last year.
Intended plantings are down from a year ago in Idaho, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota. Growers in
Washington intend to plant more acres than last season.

Prospective Plantings (March 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

31

Statistical Methodology
Survey Procedures: The acreage estimates in this report are based primarily on surveys conducted during the first two
weeks of March. The March Agricultural Survey is a probability survey that includes a sample of approximately
80,000 farm operators selected from a list of producers that ensures all operations in the United States have a chance to be
selected. Data from operators was collected by mail, internet, telephone, or personal interview to obtain information on
crop acreage intentions for the 2020 crop year.
Estimating Procedures: National, Regional, State, and grower reported data were reviewed for reasonableness and
consistency with historical estimates. Each Regional Field Office submits their analysis of the current situation to the
Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). Survey data are compiled to the National level and are reviewed at this level
independently of each State's review. Acreage estimates were based on survey data and the historical relationship of
official estimates to the survey data.
Revision Policy: Acreage estimates in the Prospective Plantings report will not be revised. These estimates are intended
to reflect grower intentions as of the survey period. New acreage estimates will be made based on surveys conducted in
June when crop acreages have been established or planting intentions are firm. These new estimates will be published in
the Acreage report scheduled for June 30, 2020. Winter wheat is an exception. Since winter wheat was seeded prior to the
March survey, any changes in estimates in this report are considered revisions. The estimate of the harvested acreage of
winter wheat will be published on May 12, 2020, along with the first production forecast of the crop year.
Reliability: The survey used to make acreage estimates is subject to sampling and non-sampling errors that are common
to all surveys. Sampling errors represent the variability between estimates that would result if many different samples
were surveyed at the same time. Sampling errors for major crops are generally between 1.0 and 3.0 percent, but they
cannot be applied directly to the acreage published in this report to determine confidence intervals because the official
estimates represent a composite of information from more than a single source.
Non-sampling errors cannot be measured directly. They may occur due to incorrect reporting and/or recording, data
omissions or duplications, and errors in processing. To minimize non-sampling errors, vigorous quality controls are used
in the data collection process and all data are carefully reviewed for consistency and reasonableness.
To assist users in evaluating the reliability of acreage estimates in this report, the "Root Mean Square Error," a statistical
measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviations between the acreage estimates in this report and the final
estimates are expressed as a percentage of the final estimates. The average of squared percentage deviations for the latest
20 year period is computed. The square root of the average becomes statistically the "Root Mean Square Error."
Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current estimates relative to the final end of
season estimates, assuming that factors affecting this year's estimates are not different from those influencing recent years.
For example, the "Root Mean Square Error" for the corn planted estimate is 1.6 percent. This means that chances are 2 out
of 3 that the current corn acreage estimate will not be above or below the final estimate by more than 1.6 percent. Chances
are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 2.7 percent.
Also, shown in the following table is a 20 year record for selected crops of the difference between the
Prospective Plantings planted acreage estimates and the final estimates. Using corn again as an example, changes between
the intentions estimates and the final estimates during the past 20 years have averaged 1.07 million acres, ranging from
32,000 acres to 3.09 million acres. The prospective plantings estimates have been below the final estimate 10 times and
above 10 times. This does not imply that the planted estimate this year is likely to understate or overstate the final
estimate.

32

Prospective Plantings (March 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Reliability of Prospective Plantings Planted Acreage Estimates
[Based on data for the past twenty years]

Crop

Root mean
square error

Difference between forecast
and final estimate

90 percent
confidence
interval

Thousand acres
Average

(percent)
Barley ..........................................
Corn ............................................
Hay ..............................................
Oats .............................................
Peanuts .......................................
Rice .............................................
Sorghum ......................................
Soybeans ....................................
Sugarbeets ..................................
Upland cotton ..............................
Wheat
Winter wheat ..............................
Durum wheat .............................
Other spring ...............................

(percent)

Smallest

Years
Largest

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres)

Below
final

Above
final

(number)

(number)

7.3
1.6
2.9
6.5
7.6
6.8
8.3
3.2
2.0
6.3

12.7
2.7
4.9
11.2
13.1
11.8
14.3
5.5
3.4
10.9

203
1,066
1,278
152
95
164
487
1,642
18
586

31
32
34
21
8
16
31
185
6

401
3,092
3,769
490
216
335
1,114
8,517
67
2,115

7
10
2
6
12
10
11
9
8
13

13
10
18
14
8
10
9
11
12
7

1.7
21.0
5.5

2.9
36.3
9.6

558
253
545

21
45
78

1,242
1,028
2,083

7
13
10

13
7
10

- Represents zero.

Prospective Plantings (March 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

33

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service Information Contacts
Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact
for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to [email protected]
Lance Honig, Chief, Crops Branch ....................................................................................................... (202) 720-2127
Chris Hawthorn, Head, Field Crops Section ......................................................................................... (202) 720-2127
David Colwell – Current Agricultural Industrial Reports ................................................................ (202) 720-8800
Chris Hawthorn – Corn, Flaxseed, Proso Millet .............................................................................. (202) 720-2127
James Johanson – County Estimates, Hay ....................................................................................... (202) 690-8533
Jeff Lemmons – Oats, Soybeans ...................................................................................................... (202) 690-3234
Irwin Anolik – Crop Weather........................................................................................................... (202) 720-7621
Chris Hawthorn – Peanuts, Rice....................................................................................................... (202) 720-2127
Jean Porter – Rye, Wheat ................................................................................................................. (202) 720-8068
Chris Singh – Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum ........................................................................... (202) 720-5944
Travis Thorson – Barley, Sunflower, Other Oilseeds ...................................................................... (202) 720-7369
Jorge Garcia-Pratts, Head, Fruits, Vegetables and Special Crops Section ............................................ (202) 720-2127
Joshua Bates – Almonds, Apples, Apricots, Asparagus, Carrots, Coffee, Onions,
Plums, Prunes, Sweet Corn, Tobacco ........................................................................................ (202) 720-4288
Fleming Gibson – Cauliflower, Celery, Grapefruit, Lemons, Macadamia,
Mandarins and tangerines, Mushrooms, Olives, Oranges ......................................................... (202) 720-5412
Greg Lemmons – Cranberries, Cucumbers, Pistachios, Potatoes, Pumpkins,
Raspberries, Squash, Strawberries, Sugarbeets, Sugarcane, Sweet Potatoes,
Tame Blueberries, Wild Blueberries.......................................................................................... (202) 720-4285
Dan Norris – Artichokes, Cantaloupes, Dry Edible Peas, Green Peas, Lentils,
Nectarines, Papayas, Peaches, Snap Beans, Spinach, Walnuts, Watermelons ........................... (202) 720-3250
Krishna Rizal – Dry Beans, Garlic, Hazelnuts, Honeydews, Kiwifruit, Lettuce,
Maple Syrup, Mint, Pears, Sweet Cherries, Tart Cherries, Tomatoes ....................................... (202) 720-2157
Dawn Smoker – Avocados, Bell Peppers, Broccoli, Cabbage, Chickpeas,
Chile Peppers, Dates, Floriculture, Grapes, Hops, Pecans ........................................................ (202) 720-4215

34

Prospective Plantings (March 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Access to NASS Reports
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USDA NASS Data Users’ Meeting
Virtual Meeting
Tuesday, April 21, 2020
USDA’s National Agricultural Statistics Service will hold a virtual meeting for users of U.S. domestic and
international agriculture data. NASS is organizing the 2020 Data Users’ Meeting in cooperation with five other
USDA agencies – Agricultural Marketing Service, Economic Research Service, Farm Service Agency, Foreign
Agricultural Service, and World Agricultural Outlook Board – and the Census Bureau’s Foreign Trade
Division. Agency representatives will provide updates on recent and pending changes in statistical and
information programs important to agriculture, answer questions, and welcome comments and input from data
users.
For registration details or additional information about the Data Users’ Meeting, see the meeting page on the
NASS website (https://www.nass.usda.gov/Education_and_Outreach/Meeting/index.php). Contact Vernita
Murray (NASS) at 202-690-8141 or [email protected] or Patricia Snipe (NASS) at 202-720-2248 or
[email protected] for information.