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pdfCONSERVATION PRACTICE ADOPTION MOTIVATIONS SURVEY - VERSION 1
CROP PRACTICES
OMB No.0535-0264
Approval Expires: 4/30/2022
Project Code: 943
Survey ID: 9014
Version 1
United States
Department of
Agriculture
NATIONAL
AGRICULTURAL
STATISTICS
SERVICE
USDA/NASS
National Operations Division
9700 Page Avenue, Suite 400
St. Louis, MO 63132-1547
Phone: 1-888-424-7828
Fax: 1-855-415-3687
Email: [email protected]
Please make corrections to name, address, and ZIP Code, if necessary.
The information you provide will be used for statistical purposes only. Your response will be kept confidential and any person who willfully discloses ANY
identifiable information about you or your operation is subject to a jail term, a fine, or both. This survey is conducted in accordance with the Confidential
Information Protection and Statistical Efficiency Act of 2018, Title III of Pub. L. No. 115-435, codified in 44 U.S.C. Ch. 35 and other applicable Federal laws.
For more information on how we protect your information please visit: https://www.nass.usda.gov/confidentiality. Response is voluntary.
According to the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, an agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to a collection of
information unless it displays a valid OMB control number. The valid OMB number is 0535-0264. The time required to complete this information collection is
estimated to average 60 minutes per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the
data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information.
1. During 2021, did you operate a farm or ranch in which any crops were harvested?
INCLUDE all field crops (such as corn, wheat, cotton, barley, sorghum, oil seeds, dry beans), hay, silage, vegetables,
fruit, nuts, sugarcane/beets, and other harvested crops
2100 1
Yes - Go to Section 1 - Land Use and Livestock, page 2
3
No - Complete Item 1a, then go to Section
16 - Conclusion, page 48
a. What is the current status of any cropland that you previously operated?
2101
1
Sold
2
Rented Out
3
Idle
4
Enrolled in a conservation program (CRP, WRP, etc.)
After completing Item 1a above, Go to Section 16 - Conclusion, page 48
2
Section 1 - Land Use and Livestock
Please report farm/ranch land owned, rented, or used in your operation.
INCLUDE all cropland, idle land, Conservation Reserve Program (CRP), pastureland, woodland,
wasteland, farmstead, acres used for crop/livestock production facilities, and all other building sites
associated with this operation, etc.
1. For 2021, how many acres did this operation:
Acres
901
+
a. Own?.........................................................................................................................................................
132
b. Rent or Lease from others or use Rent Free?
+
INCLUDE any short term leases or land used on an animal unit month (AUM) basis .............................
905
c. Rent to others? ........................................................................................................................................
=
2. Calculate Item 1a + 1b - 1c. Then the total acres operated in 2021 was: ...............................................
900
3. Of the total acres operated, how many acres are considered:
Acres
101
a. Cropland, including land in hay, summer fallow, tree farms, orchards, vineyards, nurseries, and
cropland idle, and cropland? ....................................................................................................................
i.
xxx
How many acres were under an easement against development for non-agricultural uses in
2021? .......................................................................................................................................................
b. Grazing land, including permanent pasture and rangeland, woodland pastured, and other
102
pasture and grazing land (including rotational pasture) that could have been used for crops
without additional improvements? ............................................................................................................
i.
xxx
How many acres were under an easement against conversion to crop production or nonagricultural use in 2021? ..........................................................................................................................
103
c. Woodland, not pastured? .........................................................................................................................
104
d. Other land? ..............................................................................................................................................
107 (question
4. Of the total acres operated, how many acres were under a permanent or long-term easement or
changed, may need
enrolled in a land retirement program in 2021? ........................................................................................ MRS update)
INCLUDE any other land enrolled in the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP), Wetland Reserve Program (WRP),
Farmable Wetlands Program (FWP), Conservation Reserve Enhancement Program (CREP), Agricultural Conservation
Easements Program (ACEP) or any other state, federal or local program
EXCLUDE land included in 3ai or 3bi
3
Section 1 - Land Use and Livestock (continued)
5. Report the total number of livestock and poultry, by type, on your operation on December 31, 2021.
Number
108
a. Beef cows .................................................................................................................................................
109
b. Milk cows, including any dry cows ............................................................................................................
110
c. Other cattle and calves ............................................................................................................................
INCLUDE fed cattle, beef and dairy cull animals, stockers and feeders, veal calves, etc.
111
d. All hogs and pigs ......................................................................................................................................
112
e. All Poultry .................................................................................................................................................
INCLUDE layers and pullets, including table and hatching, turkeys, broilers, other chickens, ducks, etc.
xxxx
f.
All other livestock .....................................................................................................................................
INCLUDE goats, sheep, etc.
6. During 2021, did this operation produce organic products according to USDA's National Organic Program (NOP)
standards or have acres transitioning into USDA NOP Production?
EXCLUDE processing and handling
106
1
Yes
3
No
7. During 2021, did this operation participate in a sustainable sourcing contract that requires specific farming practices?
xxxx
1
Yes
3
No
4
Section 2 - General Approach to Conservation
1. In this survey, conservation practices refer to actions taken or new technologies adopted to conserve soil, water, and
wildlife habitat on your farm or improve environmental quality such as water quality, off the farm. Report your agreement
or disagreement with the following statements about your approach to using conservation practices.
Agree
xxxx
I seek out information about conservation practices and their implementation. .....
I generally adopt new conservation practices before other farmers in my local
area. ......................................................................................................................
Neither Agree
nor Disagree Disagree
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
xxxx
xxxx
I experiment with new conservation practices on my farm. ....................................
I do not implement new conservation practices unless I know that they will
increase my profits or reduce my workload. ..........................................................
xxxx
I am willing to adopt conservation practices that improve environmental quality,
even if they do not increase my profit or reduce my workload. ..............................
xxxx
I am willing to adopt conservation practices that protect my investment in the
land, even if they do not increase my profit or reduce my workload. .....................
xxxx
I am willing to adopt conservation practices that preserve land for the next
generation, even if they do not increase my profit or reduce my workload. ...........
xxxx
2. Thinking in general about the conservation practices that you have used in your farm operation, what are your objectives
when deciding to use conservation practices? Check all that apply.
xxxx
xxxx
xxxx
xxxx
Maintaining or enhancing productivity
Improving water quality (e.g. avoiding polluting streams, rivers, and lakes)
Enhancing soil health or soil quality
Reducing erosion
xxxx
Keeping chemicals and nutrients on the farm
xxxx
Mitigating the effects of drought
xxxx
Increasing the efficiency of my irrigation system
xxxx
Supporting wildlife habitat
xxxx
Managing dust, odors, or other air quality issues
xxxx
Other, please specify:
xxxx
5
Section 3 - Technical Assistance
1. In this survey, conservation refers to actions taken to improve and preserve natural resources such as soil, water, and
wildlife habitat on your operation.
Have you ever received technical assistance (expertise or information) for conservation on cropland you operate from
any federal, state, local university, or other source that was not financial? Report on technical assistance you received
regardless of whether you received financial assistance to help defray the cost of installing or implementing conservation
practices.
INCLUDE
· Expertise or information provided for planning or implementing conservation practice or designing, laying out, or
installing conservation structures
· Expertise or information from private technical service providers (TSPs) that is reimbursed by federal, state, or
local governments
· Expertise or information from your CCA, seed dealer, agronomist, or co-op, that may be free or a paid service
150
1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to Item 1b
a. Have you received technical assistance for conservation from any of these sources? Check all that apply.
151
152
153
Federal agencies (typically free)
State or local agencies (typically free)
Private sources (free or paid)
b. Report your agreement or disagreement with the following statements about technical assistance on your cropland
from a government, university, or other source.
NA
160
167
I am comfortable using free technical assistance from non-federal
government sources. ...........................................................................
168
4
2
3
4
2
3
4
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
163
xxxx
I tried to get free technical assistance from a non-federal government
source but could not. ............................................................................
xxxx
165
I received technical assistance and it was beneficial. .........................
xxxx
I received technical assistance but it took to long. ...............................
xxxx
I received technical assistance but it did not meet my needs. .............
Disagree
3
I have never sought any form of technical assistance. .........................
I tried to get free technical assistance from the federal government
but could not. .......................................................................................
Neither Agree
nor Disagree
2
Technical assistance is available to me. ..............................................
I am comfortable using free technical assistance from federal
government employees. .......................................................................
Agree
6
Section 4 - Cover Crops
1. Cover crops are non-cash crops planted primarily for managing soil fertility, soil quality, and controlling weeds, pests and
diseases.
Based on the definition above, have you ever used cover crops at any time?
EXCLUDE Conservation Reserve Program acres
Land Owned
xxxx
Cover Crops ...............................
1
3
Yes
No
Land Leased
xxxx
1
3
Yes
No
If you checked "Yes" in any box above, go to Item 2. If you checked "No" for all boxes above, complete Items 1a and 1b
below, then go to Section 5 - Nutrient Management, page 10.
a. Please report your agreement or disagreement with the following statements.
I have never used cover crops because:
Agree
I have no conservation need. ..............................................................
I have a conservation need, but more information about cover crops
would help me decide whether to use them. .......................................
Other farmers I know have been unsuccessful. ..................................
Anticipated cost greater than the benefits. ..........................................
It would take too much time or effort. ..................................................
I tried to get but did not receive technical assistance. .........................
I applied for but did not receive financial assistance. ..........................
Financial assistance would not cover enough of the cost. ..................
I cannot fit cover crops into my rotation. .............................................
202
Neither Agree
nor Disagree
Disagree
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
xxxx
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
b. Please specify any additional reason why you never used cover crops.
210
Other reason, specify:
_____________________________________________________________________
After completing Items 1a and 1b above, go to Section 5 - Nutrient Management, page 10.
7
Section 4 - Cover Crops (continued)
211
2. Did you use cover crops in 2021? ........................
1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to Item 3
212
a. What percentage of your cropland had cover crops in 2021? (0-100%) ...........................................................
i.
%
What type of cover crop was used in 2021? Select all that apply.
213
Single species or seed type
214
Mix of 2 to 5 seed species
215
Mix of more than 5 seed species
216
Other
ii. What crops were planted before and after the 2021 cover crop?
INCLUDE every crop planted before or after a cover crop
217
Before
__________________________________________________________________________
218
After
__________________________________________________________________________
iii. Which of the following were used to terminate the 2021 cover crop? Check all that apply.
219
Herbicide
220
Tillage
221
Roller/Crimper or other rolling method
222
Winter kill
223
iv. Did you use any cover crops for grazing, forage or other on farm use in 2021? ...............................
Yes
1
3
No
3
No
224
v. Did you harvest any cover crops for grain in 2021? ...........................................................................
Yes
1
3. What year did you first use cover crops? ..................................................................................................
year
261
225
a. For the first year of cover crops, on what proportion of cropland were cover crops used? (0-100%) ................
i.
In the first year you planted cover crops, were they used to address a highly erodible land conservation need?
Cropland identified as highly erodible is subject to highly erodible land conservation (HELC) or "conservation
compliance" requirements. Producers who receive farm program payments are required to have (and apply) a
written soil conservation plan, prepared in accordance with Federal standards.
226
1
Yes
3
No
%
8
Section 4 - Cover Crops (continued)
b. For the first year, did you receive either of the following?
Did you receive
technical assistance?
227
Cover crops ..........
i.
1
3
Did you receive
financial assistance?
228
Yes
No
1
3
How many acres had
financial assistance?
229
Yes
No
Portion of total cost covered
by financial assistance
230
%
231
What portion of financial assistance to begin this practice was from federal sources?
Enter 0 if no financial assistance was received. ................................................................................................
%
c. Please report your agreement or disagreement with the following statements.
I chose to use cover crops on my operation because:
Agree
Anticipated meeting an on-farm conservation need. ........................
Other farmers I know have been successful using cover crops. ......
Cover crops were recommended to me by a trusted advisor. ..........
I was confident I could use cover crops successfully. .......................
Anticipated benefits greater than cost. .............................................
Anticipated saving time or effort. ......................................................
I received technical assistance. ........................................................
I received financial assistance. .........................................................
Anticipated off-farm environmental benefits. ....................................
232
233
xxxx
xxxx
234
235
236
237
238
Neither Agree
nor Disagree
Disagree
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
d. Please specify any additional reason why you started using cover crops.
Other reason, specify:
260
_____________________________________________________________________
4. Since the first year of cover crop use, have you expanded the percent of cropland in which cover crops are used?
Land Owned
xxxx
Expanded use of cover crops ...............
1
3
Yes
No
Land Leased
xxxx 1
3
Yes
No
If you checked "Yes" in either of the boxes above, go to Item 4a. If you checked "No" in both boxes above, go to Item 5.
9
Section 4 - Cover Crops (continued)
a. Did you receive the following for expanding the use of cover crops?
Did you receive
technical assistance?
240
Cover crops ........
i.
1
3
Yes
No
Did you receive financial
assistance?
241
242
Yes
No
1
3
How many acres had
financial assistance?
Portion of total cost covered
by financial assistance
243
%
244
What portion of financial assistance to expand this practice was from federal sources?
Enter 0 if no financial assistance was received. ................................................................................................. %
b. Please report your agreement or disagreement with the following statements about cover crops?
I chose to expand the use of cover crops on my operation because:
Neither Agree
nor Disagree
Agree
Anticipated meeting additional on-farm conservation need. .............
The practice was working well for me elsewhere. ............................
Anticipated benefits greater than cost. .............................................
Anticipated saving time or effort. ......................................................
I received technical assistance. ........................................................
I received financial assistance. .........................................................
Anticipated off-farm environmental benefits. ....................................
245
xxxx
246
247
248
249
250
Disagree
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
5. Have you stopped using cover crops?
xxxx
1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to Section 5 - Nutrient Management, page 10
251
a. What year did you last use cover crops? ...................................................................................................
year
b. Please report your agreement or disagreement with the following statements.
I chose to stop using cover crops because:
Agree
Did not meet my conservation need. ....................................
Costs were greater than benefits. .........................................
Too much time or effort. ........................................................
Technical assistance ended. .................................................
Financial assistance ended. ..................................................
Financial assistance did not cover enough of the cost. .........
252
253
254
255
256
257
Neither Agree
nor Disagree
Disagree
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
10
Section 5 - Nutrient Management
1. Which of the following nutrient or fertility management practices did you use in 2021? Check all that apply.
301
Follow recommendations from a soil test or tissue test
302
Incorporate nutrients through tillage or injection
303
Apply nutrients no more than 30 days in advance of planting
304
Split application (applying nutrients after the crop is already growing)
305
Precision nutrient management (applying nutrients according to site specific recommendations for GPSreferenced sampling points)
306
Precision lime application
307
Adaptive nutrient management (using test plots and consulting with a nutrient management expert to adapt
nutrient applications (rate, source, timing, placement) based on nutrient use efficiencies)
2. A nutrient management plan guides the amount, source, placement, and timing of the application of plant nutrients and
soil amendments (including manure) to meet crop yield goals while minimizing the loss of nutrients to surface and
groundwater, reduce nitrogen emissions to air, and maintain physical, chemical, and biological condition of the soil.
Based on the definition above, have you ever followed a written nutrient management plan developed with assistance
from a government agency, private consultant, or other technical expert?
1731 1
Yes - Go to Item 3
3
No - Complete Items 2a and 2b below, then go to Section 6 - Pest
Management, page 14
a. Please report your agreement or disagreement with the following statements.
I have never followed a written nutrient management plan because:
Agree
I have no conservation need. ....................................................................
I have a conservation need, but more information about nutrient
management plans would help me decide whether to use them. ..............
Other farmers I know have been unsuccessful. ........................................
Anticipated cost greater than benefits. ......................................................
It would take too much time or effort. ........................................................
I tried to get but did not receive technical assistance. ...............................
I tried to get but did not receive financial assistance. ................................
Financial assistance would not cover enough of the cost. .........................
308
Neither Agree
nor Disagree
Disagree
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
xxxx
309
310
311
312
313
314
b. Please specify any additional reason why you never followed a written nutrient management plan.
Other reason, specify:
315
_____________________________________________________________________
After completing Items 2a and 2b above, Go to Section 6 - Pest Management, page 14.
11
Section 5 - Nutrient Management (continued)
316
3. Did you follow a written nutrient management plan in 2021? .................
Yes - Continue
1
No - Go to Item 4
3
317
a. Are you implementing your nutrient management plan as a component of a
comprehensive soil health management system?..........................................................................
1
Yes
3
No
318
b. Are you required to follow a written nutrient management plan by regulation?
INCLUDE regulation from Federal, State, or local governments .......................................................................
Yes
1
3
No
319
c. On what percentage of your cropland did you follow a written nutrient management plan in 2021? .................
4. What year did you start following a written nutrient management plan? ...................................................
year
%
320
a. In the first year of implementation, what percentage of your cropland did your nutrient management 321
plan cover? (0-100%) ........................................................................................................................................
%
b. For the first year, did you receive either of the following?
Did you receive
Did you receive
How many acres had
technical assistance? financial assistance? financial assistance?
322
Nutrient Management Plan ...
i.
1
3
Yes
No
323 1
3
324
Yes
No
Portion of total cost
covered by financial
assistance
325
%
326
What portion of financial assistance to begin this practice was from federal sources?
Enter 0 if no financial assistance was received. ................................................................................................
%
c. Please report your agreement or disagreement with the following statements.
I began following a written nutrient management plan because:
Agree
Anticipated meeting an on-farm conservation need. ........................
Other farmers I know have been successful. ...................................
It was recommended to me by a trusted advisor. .............................
I was confident I could follow the plan successfully. .........................
Anticipated benefits greater than cost. .............................................
Anticipated saving time or effort. ......................................................
I received technical assistance. ........................................................
I received financial assistance. .........................................................
Anticipated off-farm environmental benefits. ....................................
327
328
xxxx
xxxx
329
330
331
332
333
Neither Agree
nor Disagree
Disagree
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
d. Please specify any additional reason why you started following a written nutrient management plan.
Other reason, specify:
354
_____________________________________________________________________
12
Section 5 - Nutrient Management (continued)
5. Since the first year of following a written nutrient management plan, 334
have you expanded the percent of cropland covered by a written
plan? .........................................................................................................
1
No - Go to Item 6,
page 13
3
Yes - Continue
a. Did you receive the following for expanding the use of nutrient management?
Did you receive
Did you receive
technical assistance? financial assistance?
335
Nutrient Management Plan....
i.
1
3
Yes
No
336
1
3
How many acres had
financial assistance?
337
Yes
No
Portion of total cost
covered by financial
assistance
338
%
339
What portion of financial assistance to expand this practice was from federal sources?
Enter 0 if no financial assistance was received. .................................................................................................. %
b. Please report your agreement or disagreement with the following statements.
I chose to expand the scope of my written nutrient management plan because:
Agree
340
Anticipated meeting additional on-farm conservation needs. .........
xxxx
The practice was working well for me elsewhere. ...........................
341
Anticipated benefits greater than cost. ...........................................
342
Anticipated saving time or effort. ....................................................
343
I received technical assistance. ......................................................
344
I received financial assistance. .......................................................
345
Anticipated off-farm environmental benefits. ..................................
Neither Agree
nor Disagree
Disagree
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
13
Section 5 - Nutrient Management (continued)
6. Have you stopped following a written nutrient management plan?
xxxx
1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to Section 6 - Pest Management, page 14
346
a. What year did you last follow a written nutrient management plan? .........................................................
year
b. Please report your agreement or disagreement with the following statements.
I chose to stop following a written nutrient management plan because:
Agree
347
Did not meet my conservation need. ..............................................
348
Costs were greater than benefits. ...................................................
349
It took too much time or effort. ........................................................
350
Technical assistance ended. ...........................................................
351
Financial assistance ended. ............................................................
352
Financial assistance did not cover enough of the cost. ...................
Neither Agree
nor Disagree
Disagree
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
14
Section 6 - Pest Management
1. Which of the following pest management practices did you use in 2021? Check all that apply.
401
Activities to reduce potential drift, runoff, leaching, etc.
402
Scouting for pests and using economic thresholds to decide when to apply pesticides
403
Use of precision technology such as GPS, variable rate application, or smart sprayers
404
Artificial intelligence techniques such as weed sensing or autonomous robotics
405
Measures to reduce injury to beneficial organisms and pollinators
406
Prevention and avoidance techniques such as planting resistant varieties/cultivars, cleaning equipment,
mulching, creating beneficial insect habitat
2. A written pest management plan is a site-specific combination of pest prevention, avoidance, monitoring, and
suppression strategies to reduce plant pest pressure while mitigating risks to soil, water, air, plants, animal, and humans.
A pest can include weeds, invertebrates (insects, mites, slugs, nematodes), or disease.
Based on the definition above, have you ever followed a written pest management plan developed with assistance from a
government agency, private consultant, or other technical expert?
407
1
Yes - Go to Item 3
3
No - Complete Items 2a and 2b below, then go to Section 7 - Tillage
Practices, page 18
a. Please report your agreement or disagreement with the following statements about a written pest management plan.
I have never followed a written pest management plan because:
Agree
I have no conservation need. ...................................................................
I have a conservation need, but more information about pest
management plans would help me decide whether to use them. .............
Other farmers I know have been unsuccessful. .......................................
Anticipated costs greater than benefits. ...................................................
It would take too much time or effort. .......................................................
I tried to get but did not receive technical assistance. ..............................
I applied for but did receive financial assistance. .....................................
Financial assistance would not cover enough of the cost. .......................
408
Neither Agree
nor Disagree
Disagree
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
xxxx
409
410
411
412
413
414
b. Please specify any additional reason why you never followed a written pest management plan.
Other reason, specify:
415
_____________________________________________________________________
After completing Items 2a and 2b above, Go to Section 7 - Tillage Practices, page 18.
15
Section 6 - Pest Management (continued)
416
3. Did you follow a written pest management plan in 2021? .................
Yes - Continue
1
No - Go to Item 4
3
417
a. On what percentage of your cropland did you follow a pest management plan in 2021? (0-100%) ..................
%
418
4. What year did you first follow a written pest management plan? .............................................................
year
419
a. For the first year of pest management, on what proportion of cropland was the pest management
plan followed? (0-100%) ....................................................................................................................................
%
b. For the first year, did you receive either of the following?
Did you receive
technical assistance?
420
Pest Management Plan ....
i.
1
3
Yes
No
Did you receive
financial assistance?
421
1
3
Yes
No
Portion of total cost
covered by financial
assistance
How many acres had
financial assistance?
422
423
%
424
What portion of financial assistance to begin this practice was from federal sources?
Enter 0 if no financial assistance was received. ...............................................................................................
%
c. Please report your agreement or disagreement with the following statements.
I chose to start following a written pest management plan because:
Agree
Anticipated meeting an on-farm conservation need. ........................
Other farmers I know have been successful. ...................................
It was recommended to me by a trusted advisor. .............................
I was confident I could follow the plan successfully. .........................
Anticipated benefits greater than cost. .............................................
Anticipated saving time or effort. ......................................................
I received technical assistance. ........................................................
I received financial assistance. .........................................................
Anticipated off-farm environmental benefits. ....................................
426
427
xxxx
xxxx
428
429
430
431
432
Neither Agree
nor Disagree
Disagree
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
d. Please specify any additional reason why you started following a written pest management plan.
425
Other reason, specify:
_____________________________________________________________________
16
Section 6 - Pest Management (continued)
5. Since the first year of following a pest management plan, have you expanded the percent of cropland in which the pest
management plan is used?
433
1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to Item 6, page 17
a. Did you receive the following for expanding the pest management plan?
Did you receive
Did you receive
How many acres had Portion of total cost covered
technical assistance? financial assistance? financial assistance?
by financial assistance
434
Pest Management Plan ......
i.
1
3
Yes
No
435
1
3
Yes
No
436
437
%
438
What portion of financial assistance to expand this practice was from federal sources?
Enter 0 if no financial assistance was received. ................................................................................................
b. Please report your agreement or disagreement with the following statements.
I chose to expand the scope of my written pest management plan because:
Agree
xxxx
Anticipated meeting an on-farm conservation need. ........................
xxxx
The practice was working well for me elsewhere. ............................
440
Anticipated benefits greater than cost. .............................................
441
Anticipated saving time or effort. ......................................................
442
I received technical assistance. ........................................................
443
I received financial assistance. .........................................................
xxxx
Anticipated off-farm environmental benefits. ....................................
Neither Agree
nor Disagree
Disagree
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
%
17
Section 6 - Pest Management (continued)
6. Have you stopped following a written pest management plan?
452
1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to Section 7 - Tillage Practices, page 18
445
a. What year did you last follow a written pest management plan? .............................................................
year
b. Please report your agreement or disagreement with the following statements.
I chose to stop following a written pest management plan because:
Agree
446
Did not meet my conservation need. ................................
447
Costs were greater than benefits. ....................................
448
It took too much time or effort. ..........................................
449
Technical assistance ended. ............................................
450
Financial assistance ended. .............................................
451
Financial assistance did not cover enough of the cost. ....
Neither Agree
nor Disagree
Disagree
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
18
Section 7 - Tillage Practices
1. Tillage practices such as no-till, strip-till, and reduced tillage (mulch till or ridge-till) manage crop and other plant residue
on the soil surface year-round by limiting soil-disturbing activities used to grow and harvest crops.
No-till is planting crops without tilling the soil. Note that knifing in fertilizer is not considered a tillage operation. Strip-till
means limiting tillage to only in-row narrow tillage prior to planting and during planting. Reduced tillage means reducing
the number and type of yearly tillage operations. In all cases, plant residue is managed to provide cover on the soil
surface throughout the year.
Based on the description above, have you ever used no-till, strip-till, or reduced tillage (e.g., mulch till, ridge-till, etc.) at
any time on any portion of your operation?
xxxx 1
Yes - Complete Item 1a, then go to Item 2,
page 19
a.
Land Owned
xxxx
No-Till or Strip-Till .................................
xxxx
Reduced tillage .....................................
1
3
1
3
No - Complete Items 1b and 1c, then go to
Section 8 - Drainage Water Management, page 23
3
Land Leased
Yes
No
xxxx 1
Yes
No
xxxx 1
3
3
Yes
No
Yes
No
If you checked "Yes" in any box above, go to Item 2, page 19. If you checked "No" for all boxes above, complete
Items 1b and 1c below, then go to Section 8 - Drainage Water Management, page 23.
b. Please report your agreement or disagreement with the following statements about tillage practices.
I have never used no-till, strip-till, or reduced tillage practices because:
Agree
501
I have no conservation need. ..............................................................
I have a conservation need, but more information about tillage
practices would help me decide whether to use them. ........................
Disagree
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
xxxx
502
Other farmers I know have been unsuccessful. ...................................
503
Anticipated cost greater than benefits. ................................................
504
It would take too much time or effort. ...................................................
505
I tried to get but did not receive technical assistance. .........................
506
I applied for but did not receive financial assistance. ...........................
xxxx
Financial assistance would not cover enough of the cost. ...................
Neither Agree
nor Disagree
c. Please specify any additional reason why you never used no-till, strip-till, or reduced tillage practices.
Other reason, specify:
507
_____________________________________________________________________
After completing Items 1a and 1b above, Go to Section 8 - Drainage Water Management, page 23.
19
Section 7 - Tillage Practices (continued)
2. Did you use no-till, strip-till, or reduced tillage (e.g., mulch till, ridge-till, etc.), in 2021?
509
1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to Item 3
a. In 2021, what percentage of your cropland did you use each of the following?
Percent of
Cropland Acres
No-till (knifing in fertilizer is not considered a tillage operation) ...........
Strip-till .................................................................................................
Reduced tillage (mulch till, ridge-till, etc.) .............................................
Conventional tillage ..............................................................................
510
511
512
513
%
%
%
%
514
3. What year did you first use no-till, strip-till or reduced tillage practices? ...................................................
year
515
a. For the first year of no-till, strip-till or reduced tillage, on what proportion of cropland were no-till,
strip-till or reduced tillage used? (0-100%) .......................................................................................................
i.
516
Were no-till, strip-till, or reduced tillage needed to meet a conservation compliance
need? ...............................................................................................................................................
Yes
1
3
%
No
b. For the first year, did you receive either of the following?
Did you receive
technical assistance?
517
No-Till or Strip-Till ......
3
521
Reduced tillage ..........
i.
1
1
3
Did you receive
How many acres had
financial assistance? financial assistance?
Yes
No
518
Yes
No
522
1
3
1
3
Portion of total cost
covered by financial
assistance
Yes
No
519
520
Yes
No
523
524
%
%
525
What portion of financial assistance to begin this practice was from federal sources?
Enter 0 if no financial assistance was received. ...............................................................................................
%
20
Section 7 - Tillage Practices (continued)
c. Please report your agreement or disagreement with the following statements.
I chose to start using no-till, strip-till, or reduced tillage because:
Agree
526
Anticipated meeting an on-farm conservation need. ........................
527
Other farmers I know have been successful. ...................................
xxxx
It was recommended to me by a trusted advisor. .............................
xxxx
I was confident I could use the practice successfully. .......................
528
Anticipated benefits greater than cost. .............................................
529
Anticipated saving time or effort. ......................................................
530
I received technical assistance. ........................................................
531
I received financial assistance. .........................................................
532
Anticipated off-farm environmental benefits. ....................................
Neither Agree
nor Disagree
Disagree
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
d. Please specify any additional reason why you started using no-till, strip-till, or reduced tillage practices.
557
Other reason, specify:
_____________________________________________________________________
21
Section 7 - Tillage Practices (continued)
4. Since your first year of using conservation tillage practices, have you expanded the percent of cropland in which no-till,
strip-till, or reduced tillage was used?
533
1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to Item 5, page 22
Land Owned
xxxx
No-Till or Strip-Till .................................
1
3
xxxx
Reduced tillage .....................................
1
3
Land Leased
Yes
No
xxxx 1
Yes
No
xxxx 1
3
3
Yes
No
Yes
No
If you checked "Yes" in any box above, continue to 4a. If you checked "No" in all boxes above, go to Item 5, page 22.
a. Did you receive the following for expanding the use of no-till, strip-till, reduced tillage practices?
Did you receive
Did you receive
technical assistance? financial assistance?
534
No-Till or Strip-Till .....
3
538
Reduced tillage .........
i.
1
1
3
Yes
No
535
Yes
No
539
1
3
1
3
How many acres had
financial assistance?
Yes
No
536
Yes
No
540
Portion of total cost
covered by financial
assistance
537
%
541
%
542
What portion of financial assistance to expand this practice was from federal sources?
Enter 0 if no financial assistance was received. ................................................................................................
b. Please report your agreement or disagreement with the following statements.
I chose to expand the no-till, strip-till, or reduced tillage practices because:
Agree
543
Anticipated meeting additional on-farm conservation needs. .......
xxxx
The practice was working well for me elsewhere. ........................
544
Anticipated benefits greater that cost. ..........................................
545
Anticipated saving time or effort. ..................................................
546
I received technical assistance. ....................................................
547
I received financial assistance. .....................................................
548
Anticipated off-farm environmental benefits. ................................
Neither Agree
nor Disagree Disagree
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
%
22
Section 7 - Tillage Practices (continued)
5. Have you stopped using no-till, strip-till, or reduced tillage techniques?
556
1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to Section 8 - Drainage Water Management, page 23
549
a. What year did you last use any no-till, strip-till, or reduced tillage technique? .........................................
year
b. If you did not use any no-till, strip-till, or reduced tillage in 2021, do you plan to do so again within 3 years?
556
1
Yes - Go to Section 8 - Drainage Water Management, page 23
No - Continue
3
c. Please report your agreement or disagreement with the following statements?
I chose to stop using no-till, strip-till, or reduced tillage because:
Agree
550
Did not meet my conservation need. ......................................
551
Costs were greater than benefits. ..........................................
552
It took too much time or effort. ................................................
553
Technical assistance ended. ..................................................
554
Financial assistance ended. ...................................................
555
Financial assistance did not cover enough of the cost. ..........
Neither Agree
Nor Disagree
Disagree
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
23
Section 8 - Drainage Water Management
1. Do you have a drainage system (tile, ditch, etc.)?
600
1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to Section 9 - Runoff Management Practices, page 28
658
a. What proportion of your cropland has drainage? .............................................................................................
%
xxxx
b. In what year was the current drainage system installed or last upgraded? ..............................................
year
xxxx
c. Have you ever received financial assistance from the federal government, state
government, or drainage district to improve your drainage system? ............................................1
Yes
3
No
Yes
3
No
Yes
3
No
xxxx
d. Is your drainage system regulated by your state or local government? ........................................1
xxxx
e. Does this drainage system have surface inlets? ..........................................................................1
f.
Where does this system empty?
xxxx
1
An open, single stage ditch
2
A natural waterbody
3
A saturated buffer
4
A retention pond
5
Another type of receiving system
g. Water control structures can be used to manage the direction or rate of flow, maintain a desired water surface
elevation, or measure water. These may include stop logs, flashboard risers, float mechanisms, check dams,
division boxes, pipe drop inlets, etc.
Based on the definition above, please report percent for each of the following:
601
xxxx
Percentage of cropland acres that used manually operated water control structures. .................
xxxx
Percentage of cropland acres that used automated or remotely operated water control
structures. ....................................................................................................................................
xxxx
%
xxxx
%
xxxx
Percentage of cropland acres that did not use any water control structure (s). ...........................
%
If you answered 100 percent cropland acres that did not use any water control structures for Item 1g above, go to
Section 9 - Runoff Management Practices, page 28. Otherwise, continue to Item 1h.
602
h. Do you use the water control structure(s) to keep water and nutrients in the plant root
zone during the growing season? .................................................................................................1
Yes
3
No
603
Do you store your drainage water (such as in a pond) for use in irrigation or livestock
watering? ......................................................................................................................................1
Yes
3
No
i.
24
Section 8 - Drainage Water Management (continued)
2. A drainage water management plan guides the process of managing the drainage volume and water table elevation by
regulating the flow from a surface or subsurface agricultural drainage system.
Based on the definition above, have you ever followed a written drainage water management plan developed with
assistance from a government agency, private consultant, or other technical expert?
611 1
Yes - Go to Item 3
3
No - Complete Items 2a and 2b below, then go to
Section 9 - Runoff Management Practices, page 28
a. Please report your agreement or disagreement with the following statements about a drainage water management
plan.
I have never followed a written drainage water management plan because:
Agree
I have no conservation need. ......................................................................
I have a conservation need, but more information about drainage water
management plans would help me decide whether to use them. ................
Other farmers I know have been unsuccessful. ...........................................
Anticipated cost greater than benefit. ..........................................................
It would take too much time or effort. ...........................................................
I tried to get but did not receive technical assistance. .................................
I applied for but did not receive financial assistance. ...................................
Financial assistance would not cover enough of the cost. ...........................
612
Neither Agree
nor Disagree Disagree
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
xxxx
613
614
615
616
617
618
b. Please specify any additional reason why you never followed a drainage water management plan.
Other reason, specify:
619
_____________________________________________________________________
After completing Items 2a and 2b above, Go to Section 9 - Runoff Management Practices, page 28.
25
Section 8 - Drainage Water Management (continued)
621
3. Did you follow a written drainage water management plan in 2021? ................................
1
Yes
No
3
622
4. What year did you start following a written drainage water management plan? .......................................
year
623
a. In the first year of implementation, what percentage of your drained cropland did your drainage
water management plan cover? (0-100%) ........................................................................................................
%
b. For the first year, did you receive either of the following?
Did you receive
Did you receive
How many acres had
technical assistance? financial assistance? financial assistance?
Drainage Water
Management Plan ..........
i.
624 1
3
Yes
No
625 1
3
Yes
No
626
Portion of total cost covered
by financial assistance
627
%
657
What portion of financial assistance to begin this practice was from federal sources?
Enter 0 if no financial assistance was received. ...............................................................................................
%
c. Please report your agreement or disagreement with the following statements.
I chose to start following a drainage water management plan on my operation because:
Agree
Anticipated meeting an on-farm conservation need. ........................
Other farmers I know have been successful. ...................................
It was recommended to me by a trusted advisor. .............................
I was confident I could follow the plan successfully. .........................
Anticipated benefits greater than cost. .............................................
Anticipated saving time or effort. ......................................................
I received technical assistance. ........................................................
I received financial assistance. .........................................................
Anticipated off-farm environmental benefits. ....................................
628
629
xxxx
xxxx
630
631
632
633
634
Neither Agree
nor Disagree
Disagree
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
d. Please specify any additional reason why you started following a written drainage water management plan.
Other reason, specify:
655
_____________________________________________________________________
635
5. On what percentage of your drained cropland did you follow drainage water management in 2021? ..............
%
26
Section 8 - Drainage Water Management (continued)
6. Since the first implementation of a drainage water management plan, have you expanded the percent of drained
cropland in which a drainage water management plan is used?
636
1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to Item 7, page 27
a. Did you receive the following for expanding the use of drainage water management?
Did you receive
technical assistance?
Drainage Water
Management Plan ................
i.
637
1
3
Yes
No
Did you receive
financial assistance?
638 1
3
How many acres had
financial assistance?
639
Yes
No
Portion of total cost
covered by financial
assistance
640
%
641
What portion of financial assistance to expand this practice was from federal sources?
Enter 0 if no financial assistance was received. ..............................................................................................
b. Please report your agreement or disagreement with the following statements.
I chose to expand the scope of my drainage water management plan because:
Agree
642
Anticipated meeting additional on-farm conservation need. .........
xxxx
The practice was working well for me elsewhere. ........................
643
Anticipated benefits greater than cost. .........................................
644
Anticipated saving time or effort. ..................................................
645
I received technical assistance. ....................................................
646
I received financial assistance. .....................................................
647
Anticipated off-farm environmental benefits. ................................
Neither Agree
nor Disagree Disagree
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
%
27
Section 8 - Drainage Water Management (continued)
7. Have you stopped following a written drainage water management plan?
656
1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to Section 9 - Runoff Management Practices, page 28
648
a. What year did you last follow a written drainage water management plan? ..............................................
year
b. Please report your agreement or disagreement with the following statements.
I chose to stop following a written drainage water management plan because:
Agree
649
Did not meet my conservation need. ......................................
650
Costs were greater than benefits. ..........................................
651
It took too much time or effort. ................................................
652
Technical assistance ended. ..................................................
653
Financial assistance ended. ...................................................
654
Financial assistance did not cover enough of the cost. ..........
Neither Agree
Nor Disagree
Disagree
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
28
Section 9 - Runoff Management Practices
1. Runoff management practices slow the movement of water over land, reduce erosion, protect or improve water quality,
or store runoff for moisture conservation.
Based on the definition above, in 2021, were any of the following structural practices for runoff management in use on
land owned or leased by this operation?
Complete the table below, then follow the instructions at the end of the table.
Land Owned
700
Terraces ..................................
3
702
Grassed Waterway ..................
1
3
704
Grade Stabilization ..................
1
3
706
Water and Sediment Basin ......
1
3
708
Contour Farming .....................
1
1
3
Land Leased
Yes
No
701
Yes
No
703
Yes
No
705
Yes
No
707
Yes
No
709
1
3
1
3
1
3
1
3
1
3
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
If you answered "No" to all of the questions in Item 1 above, continue.
If you answered "Yes" to any of the questions in Item 1 above, go to Item 2, page 29
a. Please report your agreement or disagreement with the following statements about runoff management structures or
practices. Complete Items 1a and 1b below, then go to Section 10 - Edge of Field Structures, page 30.
I have never used runoff management structures or practices because:
Agree
I have no conservation need. ......................................................................
I have a conservation need, but more information about runoff
management plans would help me decide whether to use them. ................
Other farmers I know have been unsuccessful. ...........................................
Anticipated cost greater than benefit. ..........................................................
It would take too much time or effort. ...........................................................
It would interfere with field operations. ........................................................
I tried to get but did not receive technical assistance. .................................
I applied for but did not receive financial assistance. ...................................
Financial assistance would not cover enough of the cost. ...........................
710
Neither Agree
nor Disagree Disagree
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
xxxx
xxxx
711
xxxx
712
713
714
715
b. Please specify any additional reason why you never used runoff management structures or practices.
Other reason, specify:
716
_____________________________________________________________________
After completing Items 1a and 1b above, Go to Section 10 - Edge of Field Structures, page 30.
29
Section 9 - Runoff Management Practices (continued)
717
2. Were any runoff management practices or improvements still in
use on leased land in 2021? ..................................................................
1
718
a. Do any of your lease agreements require maintenance of the
runoff management structure? ...............................................................1
3. Did you use terraces, grassed waterway, grade stabilization, water
and sediment basin or contour farming structures on land you
owned in 2021?
xxxx 1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to Item 3
Yes
3
No
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to Section
10 - Edge of Field
Structures, page 30
a. For the runoff management structures in use in 2021 on land you own:
Did this operation
install, rebuild, or
upgrade any of these
structures?
719
Terraces ................................
3
724
Grassed Waterway ...............
Grade Stabilization ...............
1
3
734
Water and Sediment Basin ...
1
3
739
i.
1
3
729
Contour Farming ...................
1
1
3
Did you receive
technical
assistance for
installation?
Yes
No
720
Yes
No
725
Yes
No
730
Yes
No
735
Yes
No
740
1
3
1
3
1
3
1
3
1
3
Did you receive
financial
assistance for
installation?
Yes
No
721
Yes
No
726
Yes
No
731
Yes
No
736
Yes
No
741
1
3
1
3
1
3
1
3
1
3
How many
acres had
financial
assistance?
Portion of total
cost covered by
financial
assistance
Yes
No
722
723
Yes
No
727
728
Yes
No
732
733
Yes
No
737
738
Yes
No
742
%
%
%
%
743
%
What portion of financial assistance to install, rebuild, or upgrade runoff management practices 744
was from federal sources? Enter 0 if no financial assistance was received. ..................................................... %
b. Please report your agreement or disagreement with the following statements.
I chose to install, rebuild or upgrade runoff management structures on my operation because:
Agree
Anticipated meeting an on-farm conservation need. ........................
Other farmers I know have been successful. ...................................
It was recommended to me by a trusted advisor. .............................
I was confident I could implement the practice successfully. ............
Anticipated benefits greater than cost. .............................................
Anticipated saving time or effort. ......................................................
I received technical assistance. ........................................................
I received financial assistance. .........................................................
Anticipated off-farm environmental benefits. ....................................
745
746
xxxx
xxxx
747
xxxx
748
749
xxxx
Neither Agree
nor Disagree
Disagree
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
c. Please specify any additional reason why you decided to install, rebuild or upgrade any runoff management
structures.
Other reason, specify:
751
_____________________________________________________________________
30
Section 10 - Edge of Field Structures
1. Edge of field structures establish permanent vegetation at field borders, adjacent to waterways, or in sensitive areas to
reduce erosion, improve water or air quality, manage pests, or provide wildlife habitat.
Based on the above definition, in 2021, were any of the following edge of field structures in use on land owned or leased
by this operation? Complete the table below, then follow the instructions at the end of the table.
Land Owned
800
Field Border ..............................................................................
3
802
Filter Strip .................................................................................
Riparian Buffer (trees, grasses, or other vegetation
intentionally planted along a waterway) ....................................
1
1
3
804
1
3
Land Leased
Yes
No
801
Yes
No
803
Yes
No
805
Yes
No
1
3
Yes
No
1
3
Yes
No
1
3
If you answered "No" to all of the questions in Item 1 above, continue.
If you answered "Yes" to any of the questions in Item 1 above, go to Item 2, page 31
a. Please report your agreement or disagreement with the following statements about edge of field structures.
Complete Items 1a and 1b below, then go to Section 11 - Wetland Conservation Practices, page 32.
I have never used edge of field structures because:
Agree
806
I have no conservation need. ..................................................................
I have a conservation need, but more information about edge of field
structures would help me decide whether to use them. ..........................
Other farmers I know have been unsuccessful. ......................................
Anticipated cost greater than benefits. ....................................................
It would take too much time or effort. ......................................................
It would take land out of production. ........................................................
I tried to get but did not receive technical assistance. .............................
I applied for but did not receive financial assistance. ..............................
Financial assistance would not cover enough of the cost. ......................
Neither Agree
nor Disagree
Disagree
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
xxxx
xxxx
808
809
807
810
811
812
b. Please specify any additional reason why you never used edge of field structures.
Other reason, specify:
813
_____________________________________________________________________
After completing Items 1a and 1b above, Go to Section 11 - Wetland Conservation Practices, page 32.
31
Section 10 - Edge of Field Structures (continued)
814
2. Were any edge of field structures still in use on leased land in 2021? .......................................
1
Yes
3
No
Yes
3
No
840
a. Do any of your lease agreements require maintenance of edge of field structures? .................
1
3. Did you use field border, filter strip or riparian buffer structures on land you owned in 2021?
xxxx
1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to Section 11 - Wetland Conservation Practices, page 32
a. For the edge of field structures in use in 2021 on land you own:
Did this operation install,
rebuild, or upgrade any
of these structures?
815 1
Field Border ........
3
820 1
Filter Strip ...........
3
825 1
Riparian Buffer ....
i.
3
Did you receive
technical assistance
for installation?
Yes
No
816 1
Yes
No
821 1
Yes
No
826 1
3
3
3
Did you receive
financial assistance
for installation?
Yes
No
817 1
Yes
No
822 1
Yes
No
827 1
3
3
3
How many acres Portion of total cost
had financial
covered by financial
assistance?
assistance
Yes
No
818
819
Yes
No
823
824
Yes
No
828
%
%
829
%
830
What portion of financial assistance to install, rebuild, or upgrade edge of field structures was
from federal sources? Enter 0 if no financial assistance was received. ............................................................
%
b. Please report your agreement or disagreement with the following statements.
I chose to install, rebuild, or upgrade edge of field structures on land I own because:
Agree
Anticipated meeting an on-farm conservation need. ........................
Other farmers I know have been successful. ...................................
It was recommended to me by a trusted advisor. .............................
I was confident I could implement the practice successfully. ............
Anticipated benefits greater than cost. .............................................
Anticipated saving time or effort. ......................................................
I received technical assistance. ........................................................
I received financial assistance. .........................................................
Anticipated off-farm environmental benefits. ....................................
831
832
xxxx
xxxx
833
834
835
836
xxxx
Neither Agree
nor Disagree
Disagree
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
c. Please specify any additional reason why you decided to install edge of field structures.
838
Other reason, specify:
_____________________________________________________________________
32
Section 11 - Wetland Conservation Practices
1. Is any portion of your operation (owned or leased) subject to any of the following easements or contracts to protect
wetlands? Check all that apply.
906
907
908
909
960
961
Permanent wetlands reserve easement
30 year wetlands reserve easement
Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) contract
EQIP Contract
Wetland mitigation bank
Other state or local wetland program
2. Have either of the following practices ever been installed on your operation to conserve or increase wetlands?
Complete the table below, then follow the instructions at the end of the table.
Land Owned
962
Restored or enhanced existing wetlands .......
3
964
Created new wetlands ...................................
1
1
3
Land Leased
Yes
No
963
Yes
No
965
1
3
1
3
Yes
No
Yes
No
If you answered "No" to all of the questions in Item 2 above, continue.
If you answered "Yes" to any of the questions in Item 2 above, go to Item 3, page 34.
a. Please report your agreement or disagreement with the following statements about wetland conservation practices.
Complete Items 2a and 2b below, then go to Section 12 - Irrigation Management and System Improvements, page
35.
I have never used wetland conservation practices because:
Agree
I have no conservation need. ...............................................................
I have a conservation need, but more information about wetland
practices would help me decide whether to use them. ........................
Anticipated costs greater than benefits. ...............................................
It would take land out of production. ....................................................
It would interfere with field operations. ................................................
It would take too much time or effort. ...................................................
I tried to get but did not receive technical assistance. .........................
I applied for but did not receive financial assistance. ...........................
Financial assistance would not cover enough of the cost. ...................
966
Neither Agree
nor Disagree
Disagree
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
xxxx
968
967
970
969
971
972
973
33
Section 11 - Wetland Conservation Practices (continued)
b. Please specify any additional reason why you never used wetland conservation practices.
974
Other reason, specify:
_____________________________________________________________________
After completing Items 2a and 2b, Go to Section 12 - Irrigation Management and System Improvements, page 35.
3. Were any wetland conservation practices still in use on leased land 975
in 2021?..................................................................................................
1
976
a. Do any of your lease agreements require maintenance of the
wetland conservation practices? ............................................................
1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to Item 4
Yes
3
No
4. Did you restore or enhance existing wetlands or create new wetlands on land you owned in 2021?
xxxx 1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Section 12 - Irrigation Management and System Improvements,
page 35
a. For the wetland conservation practices in use in 2021 on land you own:
Did this operation
install, rebuild, or
upgrade any of
these structures?
Restored or enhanced
existing wetlands ........
Created new
wetlands .....................
977
1
3
933
1
3
Met a
Conservation
Compliance
Need
Yes
No
978
Yes
No
934
1
3
1
3
Did you receive
technical
assistance for
installation?
Yes
No
979
Yes
No
935
1
3
1
3
Did you receive How many Portion of total
financial
acres had cost covered by
assistance for
financial
financial
installation?
assistance?
assistance
Yes
No
980
Yes
No
936
1
3
1
3
Yes
No
931
Yes
No
937
932
%
938
%
b. What portion of financial assistance to install, rebuild, or upgrade wetland practices was from
939
federal sources? Enter 0 if no financial assistance was received. ...................................................................
%
c. Please report your agreement or disagreement with the following statements.
I chose to install, rebuild, or upgrade a wetland conservation practice because?
Agree
Anticipated meeting an on-farm conservation need. .......................
It was recommended to me by a trusted advisor. ............................
I was confident I could implement the practice successfully. ...........
Anticipated benefits greater than cost. ............................................
Anticipated saving time or effort. .....................................................
I received technical assistance. .......................................................
I received financial assistance. ........................................................
Anticipated off-farm environmental benefits. ...................................
940
xxxx
xxxx
942
943
944
945
xxxx
Neither Agree
nor Disagree
Disagree
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
d. Please specify any additional reason why you decided to install or upgrade wetland conservation practices.
Other reason, specify:
956
_____________________________________________________________________
34
Section 11 - Wetland Conservation Practices (continued)
5. Have you ever had a wetland practice in place where the contract or easement covering it expired?
947
1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to Item 6
a. For these wetland practices, did you choose to:
948
1
Maintain the wetland structures or practices - Go to Item 6
2
Remove the wetland structures or practices - Continue
b. If you chose to remove the wetland structures or practices, please report your agreement or disagreement with the
following statements.
I chose to remove the wetland structures or practices because:
Agree
It took too much land out of production. ...............................................
It Interfered with field operations. .........................................................
It took too much time or effort. .............................................................
952
951
950
Neither Agree
nor Disagree
Disagree
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
954
6. What year was the first installation or upgrade of a wetland conservation practice? ...............................
year
955
a. For the first year that wetland conservation practices were used, what proportion of cropland was
designated for the wetland conservation practice? (0-100%) ...........................................................................
%
35
Section 12 - Irrigation Management and System Improvements
1. Have you used any irrigation equipment to irrigate any portion of your land at any time?
1001
Yes - Continue
1
3
No - Go to Section 13 - Conservation Stewardship Program, page 41
1002
a. What proportion of your total cropland was irrigated during 2021? ..................................................................
%
b. Which of the following irrigation management practices do you use? Check all that apply.
1003
1150
1005
1006
1151
Soil moisture sensing devices (moisture block, tensiometers, capacitance or other electronic sensors)
Plant moisture-sensing devices such as pressure (chamber) bombs or infrared (IR) thermometer
Irrigation scheduling service, including commercial and government
Consulting reports on daily crop-water evapo-transpiration (ET) use (Internet, newspapers, radio, TV, fax
or email)
Computer simulation models (not from a commercial service)
2. Which of the following irrigation systems are in use on your cropland?
Complete the table below, then follow the instructions at the end of the table.
Land Owned
1055
Micro or Drip ...........................
1
3
1059
Sprinkler .................................
1
3
1063
Gravity or Flood ......................
1
3
1067
Sub Irrigation ..........................
1
3
Land Leased
Yes
No
1056
Yes
No
1060
Yes
No
1064
Yes
No
1068
1
3
1
3
1
3
1
3
Installed New by
Upgraded by this
this operation in the operation in the last
last 15 years
15 years
Yes
No
1057
Yes
No
1061
Yes
No
1065
Yes
No
1069
1
3
1
3
1
3
1
3
Yes
No
1058
Yes
No
1062
Yes
No
1066
Yes
No
1070
1
3
1
3
1
3
1
3
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
If no irrigation systems have been installed or upgraded in the last 15 years, go to Item 8, page 40; otherwise continue.
a. For any new installations of irrigation systems or upgrades in the last 15 years, what assistance did you receive?
Portion of total cost
Did you receive
Did you receive
How many acres had covered by financial
technical assistance? financial assistance? financial assistance?
assistance
1071
Micro or Drip
3
1075
Sprinkler
Gravity or Flood
1
3
1083
i.
1
3
1079
Sub Irrigation
1
1
3
Yes
No
1072
Yes
No
1076
Yes
No
1080
Yes
No
1084
1
3
1
3
1
3
1
3
Yes
No
1073
1074
Yes
No
1077
Yes
No
1081
1082
Yes
No
1085
1154
%
1078
%
%
%
1087
What portion of financial assistance to install this practice was from federal sources?
Enter 0 if no financial assistance was received. ......................................................................................................
%
36
Section 12 - Irrigation Management and System Improvements (continued)
3. Did you install new or upgrade any of the following water supply systems within your irrigation systems in the last 15
years?
New Irrigation System
System Upgrade
Independent of New
Installation or Upgrade
(Including changing the
application technology in an
existing irrigated field)
(Improvement of the
same application
technology)
(Maintenance, repair or
improvement with current
application technology)
1155
Irrigation pipeline ...........................
1
3
1191
Water conveyance structure ..........
1
3
1159
Pumping plant ...............................
1
3
1098
Water control structure ..................
1
3
Yes
No
1156
Yes
No
1158
Yes
No
1096
Yes
No
1099
1
3
1
3
1
3
1
3
Yes
No
1157
Yes
No
1093
Yes
No
1097
Yes
No
1100
1
3
1
3
1
3
1
3
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
a. For any new installations of irrigation water supply systems or upgrades in the last 15 years, what assistance did you
receive?
Portion of total cost
Did you receive
Did you receive
How many acres had covered by financial
technical assistance? financial assistance? financial assistance?
assistance
1101
Irrigation pipeline ................
Water conveyance
structure .............................
3
1105
Pumping plant ....................
1
3
1113
i.
1
3
1109
Water control structure .......
1
1
3
Yes
No
1102
Yes
No
1106 1
Yes
No
1110
Yes
No
1114
1
3
3
1
3
1
3
Yes
No
1103
Yes
No
1107
Yes
No
1111
Yes
No
1115
1104
%
1108
%
1112
%
1116
%
What portion of financial assistance to install or upgrade this practice was from federal sources? 1117
Enter 0 if no financial assistance was received. ......................................................................................................
%
37
Section 12 - Irrigation Management and System Improvements (continued)
4. A written irrigation water management plan lays out the process of determining and controlling the volume, frequency
and application rate of irrigation water in a planned, efficient manner to improve irrigation water use efficiency, minimize
soil erosion, protect surface and groundwater resources, manage salts in the crop root zone, manage air, soil, or plant
micro-climate, or reduce energy use.
Based on the definition above, have you ever followed a written irrigation water management plan developed with
assistance from a government agency, private consultant, or other technical expert?
1008 1
Yes - Go to Item 5
3
No - Complete Items 4a and 4b below, then go to Section 13 Conservation Stewardship Program, page 41
a. Please report your agreement or disagreement with the following statements about a written irrigation water
management plan.
I have never followed a written irrigation water management plan because:
Agree
I have no conservation need. ....................................................................
I have a conservation need, but more information about irrigation water
management plans would help me decide whether to use them. .............
It would not impact my decisions about when to irrigate. ..........................
Anticipated cost greater than benefits. ......................................................
It would take too much time or effort. ........................................................
I tried to get but did not receive technical assistance. ...............................
I applied for but did not receive financial assistance. ................................
Financial assistance would not cover enough of the cost. ........................
1009
Neither Agree
nor Disagree
Disagree
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
xxxx
1152
1011
1012
1153
1014
1015
b. Please specify any additional reason why you never followed a written irrigation water management plan.
Other reason, specify:
1016
_____________________________________________________________________
After completing Items 4a and 4b above, Go to Section 13 - Conservation Stewardship Program, page 41.
1017 1
5. Did you follow a written irrigation water management plan in 2021? .........
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to Item 6,
page 38
a. On what percentage of your irrigated cropland did you follow an irrigation water management plan in 1018
2021? (0-100%) ................................................................................................................................................
%
38
Section 12 - Irrigation Management and System Improvements (continued)
1019
6. What year did you first follow an irrigation water management plan? ......................................................
year
1020
a. For the first year using a written irrigation water management plan, on what proportion of total
cropland was the written plan used? (0-100%) ................................................................................................
%
b. For the first year, did you receive either of the following?
Portion of total cost
Did you receive
Did you receive
How many acres had covered by financial
technical assistance? financial assistance? financial assistance?
assistance
1021
Irrigation Management Plan ........
i.
1
3
Yes
No
1022
1
3
Yes
No
1023
1024
%
1025
What portion of financial assistance to begin this practice was from federal sources?
Enter 0 if no financial assistance was received. ......................................................................................................
%
c. Please report your agreement or disagreement with the following statements.
I chose to begin following a written irrigation water management plan because:
Agree
Anticipated meeting an on-farm conservation need. ........................
Other farmers I know have been successful. ...................................
It was recommended to me by a trusted advisor. .............................
I was confident I could follow the plan successfully. .........................
Anticipated benefits greater than cost. .............................................
Anticipated saving time or effort. ......................................................
I received technical assistance. ........................................................
I received financial assistance. .........................................................
Anticipated off-farm environmental benefits. ....................................
Required by water supplier or water control district. .........................
To reduce water application amounts due to drought. ......................
To reduce water application due to a loss of access to a water
supply. ..............................................................................................
1026
1027
xxxx
xxxx
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
Neither Agree
nor Disagree
Disagree
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1035
d. Please specify any additional reason why you started following a written irrigation water management plan.
Other reason, specify:
1140
_____________________________________________________________________
39
Section 12 - Irrigation Management and System Improvements (continued)
1036
7. Since the first year following an irrigation water management plan,
have you expanded the percent of total land in which an irrigation
water management plan is used? ............................................................
Yes - Continue
1
3
No - Go to Item 8,
page 40
a. Did you receive the following for expanding your irrigation water management plan?
Did you receive
Did you receive
technical assistance? financial assistance?
Irrigation Management
Plan ......................................
i.
1037
1
3
Yes
No
1038
1
3
How many acres had
financial assistance?
1039
Yes
No
Portion of total cost
covered by financial
assistance
1040
%
1041
What portion of financial assistance to expand this practice was from federal sources?
Enter 0 if no financial assistance was received. ......................................................................................................
%
b. Please report your agreement or disagreement with the following statements.
I chose to expand the scope of my irrigation water management plan because:
Agree
1042
Anticipated meeting additional on-farm conservation need. .........
xxxx
The practice was working well for me elsewhere. ........................
1043
Anticipated benefits greater than cost. .........................................
1044
Anticipated saving time or effort. ..................................................
1045
I received technical assistance. ....................................................
1046
I received financial assistance. .....................................................
1047
Anticipated off-farm environmental benefits. ................................
Neither Agree
nor Disagree Disagree
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
40
Section 12 - Irrigation Management and System Improvements (continued)
8. Have you stopped following a written irrigation water management plan?
1141
1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to Section 13 - Conservation Stewardship Program, page 41
1048
a. What year did you last follow an irrigation water management plan? .......................................................
year
b. Please report your agreement or disagreement with the following statements.
I chose to stop following an irrigation water management plan because:
Agree
1049
Did not meet my conservation need. ......................................
1050
Costs were greater than benefits. ..........................................
1051
It took too much time or effort. ................................................
1052
Technical assistance ended. ..................................................
1053
Financial assistance ended. ...................................................
1054
Financial assistance did not cover enough of the cost. ..........
Neither Agree
Nor Disagree
Disagree
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
41
Section 13 - Conservation Stewardship Program
1. Are you or have you ever been enrolled in the Conservation Stewardship Program (CSP)?
1120
1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to Section 14 - Demographics, page 42
a. Have you received financial assistance through the CSP for the enhancement of a practice?
1121
1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to 14 - Demographics, page 42
b. Please fill out the table for the number of acres where you received financial assistance through CSP for applying an
enhancement on any of the following practices.
Acres
1122
Percent of Cost
Covered by
CSP Payment
1123
Cover Crops ..............................................
%
1124
1125
Nutrient Management ................................
%
1126
1127
1128
1129
Pest Management Conservation System ..
%
No-Till ........................................................
%
1130
1131
Reduced Tillage ........................................
%
1132
1133
1134
1135
Irrigation Water Management ....................
%
Field Border ...............................................
%
1136
1137
Filter Strip ..................................................
%
1138
Riparian Buffers ........................................
1139
%
42
Section 14 - Demographics
1. Please answer the following for the operator:
a. What is the operator's sex?
910
1
Male
2
Female
911
b. What was the operator's age on January, 1, 2021? .........................................................................................
912
c. Is the operator of Hispanic, Latino or Spanish origin? ..........................................................1
Yes
3
No
d. What is the operator's race? Check all that apply.
913
White
914
Black or African American
915
American Indian or Alaska Native
916
Asian
917
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
e. Has the operator ever served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces, Reserves or National Guard?
918
1
Never served in the military
2
Only on active duty for training in the Reserves or National Guard
3
Now on active duty
4
On active duty in the past, but not now
919
2. How many years have you been continuously managing a forest, farm or ranch operation? ..................
years
3. At which occupation did the operator spend the majority (50 percent or more) of his/her time in 2021?
920
1
Forestry, farm or ranch work
2
Work other than forestry, farming or ranching
1212
4. Is the operator retired from forestry, farming or ranching? ...................................................
1
Yes
3
No
43
Section 14 - Demographics (continued)
5. What is the highest level of formal education the operator has achieved?
922
1
Less than high school diploma
2
High school
3
Some college (include associates degree)
4
Four-year college graduate and beyond
6. In 2021, what was this operation's legal status for tax purposes? Check one answer only.
923
1
Family or individual operation - EXCLUDE partnerships and corporations
2
Partnership operation - INCLUDE family partnerships - If option 2 is selected:
924
Is this partnership registered under state law? .....................................................
3
1
Yes
3
No
1
Yes
3
No
1
Yes
3
No
1
Yes
3
No
1
Yes
3
No
1
Yes
3
No
Incorporated under state law - If option 3 is selected:
925
Is this a family held corporation? ..........................................................................
926
Are there more than 10 stockholders? ..................................................................
4
Other - If option 4 is selected:
927
Estate or trust .......................................................................................................
928
Grazing association, government facility or American Indian reservation .............
Other, specify
type:
929
930
__________________________________________
44
Section 15 - Value of Sales
Farm Producer Value Codes
Dollar Range
Code
Dollar Range
Code
Dollar Range
Code
0 - $999 ......................
1
$30,000 - $39,999 .........
8
$180,000 - $249,999 ..........
15
$1,000 - $2,499 ..........
2
$40,000 - $49,999 .........
9
$250,000 - $499,999 ..........
16
$2,500 - $4,999 ..........
3
$50,000 - $59,999 .........
10
$500,000 - $999,999 ..........
17
$5,000 - $9,999 ..........
4
$60,000 - $69,999 .........
11
$1,000,000 - $4,999,999 ....
18
$10,000 - $14,999 ......
5
$70,000 - $79,999 .........
12
$5,000,000 and over ..........
19
$15,000 - $19,999 ......
6
$80,000 - $99,999 .........
13
$20,000 - $29,999 ......
7
$100,000 - $179,999 .....
14
2020
xxxx
2021
xxxx
1. Which value code represents this operation in terms of the gross value of sales and
government agricultural payments? ..................................................................................
INCLUDE
· Sales of all the crops, livestock, poultry, and livestock products (milk, eggs, etc.)
· The value of hay, silage, and other crops harvested, but not sold
· The value of all crops, livestock and poultry produced under contract
· Landlord's share of government payments and crops sold
EXCLUDE
· Dollars received on land rented to others
2020
xxxx
2021
xxxx
2. Which value code represents the net operating income for this operation? ......................
(Cash income from all farm sourced minus production costs and depreciation; if negative, please indicate with a
negative sign before the value code.)
2020
xxxx
2021
xxxx
3. Which value code represents your total off-farm income? ................................................
(wages, salaries, tips, interest, dividends, other public sources, etc., before taxes, income from operating another farm,
income from operating any other business; if negative, please indicate with a negative sign before the value code.)
2020
xxxx
4. How many people lived in your household? ......................................................................
2021
xxxx
45
Section 15 - Value of Sales (continued)
5. Of the farm or ranch income reported, which of these categories represents the largest portion of the gross income from
the operation?
Code
1 – Grains, Oilseeds, Dry Beans, and Dry Peas ........................................................................
1☐
(corn, flaxseed, grain silage and forage, grains and oilseeds, popcorn, rice,
small grains, sorghum, soybeans, sunflowers, straw, etc.)
2 – Tobacco ...............................................................................................................................
2☐
3 – Cotton and Cottonseed ........................................................................................................
4 – Vegetables, Melons, Potatoes and Sweet Potatoes ............................................................
(beets, cabbage, cantaloupes, pumpkins, sweet corn,
tomatoes, watermelons, vegetable seeds, etc.)
5 – Fruit, Tree Nuts and Berries .................................................................................................
(almonds, apples, blueberries, cherries, grapes, hazelnuts, kiwifruit,
oranges, pears, pecans, strawberries, walnuts, etc.)
6 – Nursery, Greenhouse, Floriculture and Sod .........................................................................
(bedding plants, bulbs, cut flowers, flower seeds, foliage plants,
mushrooms, nursery potted plants, shrubbery, sod, etc.)
3☐
4☐
5☐
6☐
7 – Cut Christmas Trees and Short Rotation Woody Crops ....................................................... 7 ☐
8 – Other Crops and Hay, CRP and Pasture .............................................................................
(grass seed, hay and grass silage, hops, maple syrup, mint,
peanuts, sugarcane, sugarbeets, CRP, etc.)
9 – Hogs and Pigs .....................................................................................................................
8☐
9☐
10 – Milk and Other Dairy Products from Cows ........................................................................... 10 ☐
11 – Cattle and Calves ................................................................................................................
11 ☐
(beef and dairy cattle for breeding stock, fed cattle, beef and dairy cull animals,
stockers and feeders, veal calves, etc.)
12 – Sheep, Goats, and their Products ........................................................................................ 12 ☐
(wool, mohair, milk and cheese)
13 – Horses, Ponies, and Mules .................................................................................................. 13 ☐
(burros and donkeys)
14 – Poultry and Eggs ................................................................................................................. 14 ☐
(broilers, chickens, turkeys, ducks, eggs, emus, geese, hatchlings,
ostriches, pigeons, pheasants, quail, poultry products, etc.)
15 – Aquaculture .......................................................................................................................... 15 ☐
(catfish, trout, ornamental and other fish, mollusks, crustaceans, etc.)
16 – Other Animals and Other Animal Products .......................................................................... 16 ☐
(honey bees, honey, rabbits, fur-bearing animals, semen, manure,
other animal specialties, etc.)
Farm Type
Code
862
46
Use this Space for Notes and Comments.
47
Use this Space for Notes and Comments.
48
Section 16 - Conclusion
1. Has this operation (name on label) been sold, or turned over to someone else?
1086
1
1088
1089
1090
1091
1095
Yes - Identify the new operator(s) below
3
No - Go to Item 2
Operation Name: _____________________________________________________________________________________
Operator Name: _____________________________________________________________________________________
Address: ___________________________________________________________________________________
City: ________________________________
Phone: (______) ________________________
1092
9955
State: _____
☐
1094
1007
Zip: _____
Check if cell phone
1010
Yes
a. Did this person operate land individually on June 1, 2021? ............................................... 1
2. Comments related to the information you reported:
County: ____________
No
1511
Contact Information:
Operation Email:
Operation Phone:
9937
9936
(
check if
cell phone
Respondent Name:
Respondent Phone (if different from above)
9912
9911
(
check if cell 9910
phone
) - _____________________
☐
) - _____________________
☐
Date:
MM
DD
YY
__ __
__ __
__ __
This completes the survey. Thank you for your help.
OFFICE USE ONLY
Response
1-Comp
9901
2-R
3-Inac
4-Office Hold
5-R – Est
6-Inac – Est
7-Off Hold – Est
S/E Name
Respondent
1-Op/Mgr
2-Spouaw
3-Acct/Bkpr
4-Partner
9-Other
9902
Mode
1-PASI (Mail)
2-PATI (Tel)
3-PAPI (Face-toFace)
6-Email
7-Fax
19-Other
Enum.
9903
9998
Eval.
9900
R. Unit Change
t
9985
9989
Office Use for POID
9921
__ __ __ - __ __ __ - __ __ __
Optional Use
9907
9908
9906
9916
| File Type | application/pdf |
| Author | Williams, Clare - NASS |
| File Modified | 2021-10-26 |
| File Created | 2021-10-26 |