2022 Policy Survey Instrument

U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION (EAC)
2022 Election Administration Policy Survey
In order to better understand state laws governing federal elections, the U.S. Election
Assistance Commission (EAC), as part of its biennial Election Administration and Voting
Survey (EAVS), is collecting information related to your state’s election policies and
procedures. These answers will help the EAC to validate and better understand the
quantitative data relating to the 2022 general election that we are collecting from all U.S.
states and territories. Your responses to these questions should reflect your state’s election
laws, policies, and practices that will be in place for the November 2022 general election.
For each question, you should select the option that most closely describes your state’s
activities. The EAC appreciates that there are often subtle differences in how states
administer a specific aspect of their elections; however, these subtle differences should not
affect your ability to answer the questions in this survey.
Select questions have comments spaces to provide additional nuance to your responses. All
comments you provide will be made public when the survey data are released, and the
information submitted in your comments may be replicated in the EAVS Comprehensive
Report and in other research products released by the EAC to provide context to your Policy
Survey data. Because these comments will be public, they should be written so they are
understandable to readers who are not familiar with your state’s election policy. Comments
should not include any sensitive or personally identifiable information (PII), and any
acronyms in your comments should be explained.
The EAVS team appreciates your cooperation in this important project.
Information supplied by:
Name:

Title:

Office/Agency Name:
Email Address:

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Table of Contents
Answering the Election Administration and Voting Survey (EAVS) ......................................... 1
Voter Registration and List Maintenance ................................................................................. 2
Election Technology ................................................................................................................. 10
Mail Voting ................................................................................................................................ 11
In-Person Voting ....................................................................................................................... 18
UOCAVA Voting ......................................................................................................................... 19
Provisional Voting..................................................................................................................... 21
Election Certification, Recounts, and Audits .......................................................................... 23
Recounts............................................................................................................................... 24
Audits .................................................................................................................................... 25
Voter Identification................................................................................................................... 26
Criminal Convictions and Voting ............................................................................................. 27

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Answering the Election Administration and Voting Survey (EAVS)
Q1. States are able to answer the questions in the EAVS in different ways. For each section
of the survey, please select the option that best describes how your state answers the
questions in the EAVS.
Will the questions in the section be answered:
In part by the state
Entirely by the state Entirely by local
and in part by local
election office?
election offices?
election offices?
Section A: Voter Registration
Section B: UOCAVA
Section C: Mail Voting
Section D: In-Person Polling
Operations
Section E: Provisional Voting
Section F: Voter Participation
and Election Technologies

As a reminder:
•

•

•

•
•
•

Section A covers voter registration, including total registrants, total registration forms
processed during the election cycle, the source of those forms, and the final
disposition of each form. It also covers notices sent to voters who are thought to have
moved and voters removed from the voter registration list.
Section B covers UOCAVA voting, including ballots transmitted to Uniformed Services
voters and overseas citizens, the manner in which ballots were transmitted (e.g., by
mail, by email, etc.) the number of ballots returned, the manner in which ballots were
returned, and the final disposition of each ballot (accepted, rejected). It also covers
Federal Write-In Absentee Ballots (FWAB) and Federal Post Card Applications (FPCA).
Section C covers mail voting, including the number of ballots transmitted and
returned, use of drop boxes, ballot curing, the number of mail ballots counted and
rejected, and the reasons for mail ballot rejections. It also covers whether any
registrants received ballots because they are permanent absentee voters.
Section D covers in-person polling operations, including the number of precincts, the
number of polling places, and data on poll workers.
Section E covers provisional voting, including the total number of provisional ballots
cast and the reasons why they were cast, the disposition of each provisional ballot,
and the reasons why provisional ballots were rejected.
Section F covers voter participation and election technologies, including participation
in the election, poll books, the type of voting equipment used in voting, and general
comments on the election administration experience.

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Q2. Has there been any consolidation of local jurisdictions or creation of new local
jurisdictions in your state since the 2020 EAVS was conducted that will change your state’s
list of reporting jurisdictions for the 2022 EAVS?
o
o
o
o

Yes, consolidation of local jurisdictions
Yes, creation of new local jurisdictions
Yes, both consolidation and creation
No

If Q2 = Yes, use the comments to describe
Q2 Comments:

Voter Registration and List Maintenance
Q3. For the November 2022 election, is your state’s voter registration database system best
described as a bottom-up system, a top-down system, or a hybrid of both?
(Note: A bottom-up system generally uploads information retained at the local level and
compiled at regular intervals to form the statewide voter registration list. A top-down system
is hosted on a single, central platform/mainframe and is generally maintained by the state
with information supplied by local jurisdictions. A hybrid is some combination of both
systems described above.)
o Top-down
o Bottom-up
o Hybrid
If Q3 = Top-down, skip to Q4
If Q3 = Bottom-up or Hybrid, proceed to Q3a
Q3 Comments:

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Q3a. How often do local jurisdictions transmit registration information to the state voter
registration database? (Select all that apply.)
□ In real-time
□ Daily
□ Other (please describe):
Q3a Comments:

Q4. For each of the following entities, please report whether your state’s voter registration
database (or equivalent) conducts electronic transfers of information to maintain the
accuracy of the voter rolls. Electronic data transfers are those where information is
transmitted from one computer system to another. Non-electronic data transfers, such as
information shared through paper copies, should not be reported in these questions.
Information sent through email or fax is not considered an electronic data transfer for
purposes of this question.
For each entity, report whether it electronically transfers data with the state’s voter
registration database and how often the data transfer occurs.
Governmental Entity

1. Has Electronic Data Transfer

a. Motor vehicles agency
(e.g., DMV)

o
o

Yes
No

If response = No, proceed to
next entity
b. Any state agencies for
people with disabilities

o
o

Yes
No

If response = No, proceed to
next entity
c. Any state public
assistance agencies

o
o

Yes
No

If response = No, proceed to
next entity

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2. How Often Transfer Occurs
o
o
o
o
o
o

Real-time
Daily
Weekly
Monthly
On demand
Other (describe): ___________

o
o
o
o
o
o

Real-time
Daily
Weekly
Monthly
On demand
Other (describe): ___________

o
o
o
o
o
o

Real-time
Daily
Weekly
Monthly
On demand
Other (describe): ___________

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Governmental Entity

1. Has Electronic Data Transfer

d. Other state agencies
(not NVRA-required)

o
o

Yes
No

If response = No, proceed to
next entity
e. Federal agencies (not
NVRA-required)

o
o

Yes
No

If response = No, proceed to
next entity
f. Military recruiting office

o
o

Yes
No

If response = No, proceed to
next entity
g. Entities that maintain
death records (e.g., SSA,
state vital statistics)

h. Entities that maintain
felony/prison records
(e.g., state courts, state
police, federal courts,
pardons/paroles agency)
i. Entities that maintain
records of individuals
declared mentally
incompetent

o
o

Yes
No

If response = No, proceed to
next entity
o
o

Yes
No

If response = No, proceed to
next entity
o
o

Yes
No

If response = No, proceed to
next entity

2. How Often Transfer Occurs
o
o
o
o
o
o

Real-time
Daily
Weekly
Monthly
On demand
Other (describe): ___________

o
o
o
o
o
o

Real-time
Daily
Weekly
Monthly
On demand
Other (describe): ___________

o
o
o
o
o
o

Real-time
Daily
Weekly
Monthly
On demand
Other (describe): ___________

o
o
o
o
o
o

Real-time
Daily
Weekly
Monthly
On demand
Other (describe): ___________

o
o
o
o
o
o

Real-time
Daily
Weekly
Monthly
On demand
Other (describe): ___________

o
o
o
o
o
o

Real-time
Daily
Weekly
Monthly
On demand
Other (describe): ___________

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Q5. Does your state offer voter registration through a state government agency using any of
these automated processes, either online or in-person? (Select all that apply.)
□ During an interaction with the state government agency the option to register is preselected, but the individual can choose to opt-out of registration during the
interaction
□ During an interaction with the state government agency the individual cannot
complete the interaction without selecting whether or not they wish to register
□ During an interaction with the state government agency the individual is
automatically registered to vote unless they opt out in response to a mailer sent to
the individual after the interaction has concluded
□ Individuals who have existing records with a state government agency are
automatically registered to vote, regardless of whether the individual has an
interaction with the government agency
□ Other (please describe):
□ No automated registration processes are available in my state
If Q5 = No automated registration processes, skip to Q6
If Q5 = Any other option, proceed to Q5a
Q5 Comments:

Q5a. Which state agency or agencies participate in this program? (Select all that apply.)






State motor vehicle agency (e.g., DMV)
State agency or agencies for people with disabilities
State public assistance or social services agency or agencies
State agencies as designated by the state’s chief election official or governor
Other (please describe):

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Q6. Does your state have a public-facing online, web-based system that interfaces with the
state voter registration system, and through which individuals can register to vote or update
their registration? Any system that is accessible only to state government employees or that
requires any paper form to be submitted does not qualify as an online, web-based system
for purposes of this question.
o Yes, individuals can both register to vote and update their registration via the online
system
o Yes, individuals can update their registration via the online system
o No
If Q6 = No, skip to Q7
If Q6 = Yes, proceed to Q6a

Q6a. Does a person need to have a driver’s license or other ID issued by your state in order
to register to vote or update a registration online?
o Yes
o No

Q7. Which of the following voting information lookup and other tools are available on your
state election office website? (Select all that apply.)










Voters may check their registration status
Voters may view voter-specific ballot information
Voters may check the status of UOCAVA ballot delivery, return, and processing
Voters may check the status of mail ballot delivery, return, and processing
Voters may check their polling site location
Voters may check the status of provisional ballot processing
Voters may request to receive a mail or absentee ballot
Other (please describe):
None of the above

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Q8. For the November 2022 general election, will your state allow any individuals to register
to vote on the same day that they cast a ballot in-person or request a mail ballot? This may
be known as same-day voter registration (SDR) or Election Day registration (EDR) in your
state.
Please note that a period of overlap between the mail balloting period and the close of voter
registration should not be considered SDR for the purposes of this question.
o Yes
o No
If Q8 = No, skip to Q9
If Q8 = Yes, proceed to Q8a
Q8 Comments:

Q8a. Under which circumstances can a voter in your state register on the same day that they
cast a ballot? (Select all that apply.)
(Note: this question applies only to the November 2022 general election. If your state has
SDR circumstances that apply only to presidential elections, they do not need to be reported
in the 2022 Policy Survey.)
 On Election Day
 During in-person early voting
 During an overlap between the start of in-person early voting and the close of voter
registration
 Only in very specific cases (e.g., for federal offices only; please describe):

Q9. Does your state allow persons to pre-register to vote before they are 18 years of age and
become automatically registered to vote once they turn 18?
o Yes, persons who are at least _____ years of age may pre-register
o No, our state does not allow for pre-registration
If Q9 = No, skip to Q10
If Q9 = Yes, proceed to Q9a
Q9 Comments:

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Q9a. When a person submits a pre-registration application before they turn 18 years of age,
is the application processed immediately or held until the person turns 18?
o Registration application is processed immediately, but the person cannot vote before
they turn 18
o Registration application is held and is not processed until the person turns 18
o Other (please describe):

Q10. Does your state differentiate between active and inactive voters in your voter
registration records?
o Yes, our state differentiates between active and inactive voters
o No, our state does not use this distinction
If Q10 = Yes, proceed to Q10a
If Q10 = No, skip to Q11
Q10a. The EAC defines active voters as fully eligible voters who have no additional
processing requirements to fulfill before voting. Inactive voters are defined as voters who
remain eligible to vote but require address verification under the provisions of the National
Voter Registration Act (NVRA).
Does your state use the above definitions for active and inactive voters?
o Yes
o No (please describe the definitions your state uses instead):

Q11. Who is responsible for modifying or removing voter registration records in your state?
o Only state officials
o Only local officials
o Both state and local officials
If Q11 = Both, use the comments to specify the roles and responsibilities of state and
local officials.
Q11 Comments:

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Q12. Does your state send confirmation notices to voters to help identify those who may be
ineligible to vote in your state? (Select all that apply.)
In your responses, please include any confirmation notices that are produced through the
statewide system but mailed by local election offices.
 Yes, our state sends these notices pursuant to National Voter Registration Act (NVRA)
Section 8 (d) (1) (B) and Section 8 (d) (2)
 Yes, our state sends these notices pursuant to a state statute
 Yes, our state sends these notices pursuant to formal administrative rule or guidance
 No, our state does not send these notices
If Q12 = No, skip to Q13
If Q12 = Yes, proceed to Q12a
Q12a. Which voters are sent confirmation notices? (Select all that apply.)
 Registered voters who have not voted in ____ consecutive federal general election(s)
 Registered voters whose addresses may have changed (including those who may
have moved from the jurisdiction in which they are registered)
 Registered voters who have received a disqualifying criminal conviction
 Registered voters who are incarcerated
 Registered voters who have been declared mentally incompetent
 Registered voters who have surrendered their driver’s license and obtained a new
license in a different state
 Registered voters who have mail from an election office returned as undeliverable
 Registered voters who have requested to be removed
 Registered voters who have not made contact (as defined by state statute) with the
state election division in the last ____ years
 All registered voters routinely receive a non-forwardable notice every ____ years
 Other (please describe):

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Q13. What data sources are used to identify potentially ineligible voters on your state’s voter
rolls? (Select all that apply.)
 Applications for mail ballots
 Canvassing (door-to-door verification)
 Data from an interstate data sharing compact (e.g., the Electronic Registration
Information Center)
 Entities that maintain felony/prison records (e.g., state courts, state police, federal
courts, pardons/paroles agencies)
 Entities that maintain records of individuals declared mentally incompetent
 Jury questionnaires
 Mail ballots returned as undeliverable
 Other mail from election office (not ballots) returned as undeliverable
 Motor vehicle agencies (e.g., DMV)
 National Change of Address (NCOA) reports
 Newspaper death notices/obituaries
 Reports/notices from other states that a former resident has registered to vote
 Requests from voters for removal
 Returned jury summons
 Social Security Administration death records
 State vital statistics office death records
 State agencies that serve persons with disabilities
 State public assistance agencies
 State agencies that are not specified in NVRA
 State tax filings
 Other (e.g., military recruitment offices, etc.; please describe):
Election Technology
Q14. Which of the following options best describes your state’s policy on voting system
testing and certification?
o Voting system testing and certification are required by statute
o Voting system testing and certification are required by formal administrative rule or
guidance
o Our state does not require any type of voting system testing and certification prior to
voting systems’ approval for purchase
If Q14 = Testing and certification are not required, skip to Q15
If Q14 = Testing and certification are required, proceed to Q14a
Q14 Comments:

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Q14a. Which of the following categories best describe your state’s policy on voting system
testing and certification regarding the role of the EAC and federal testing and certification?
(Select all that apply.)
 Requires federal certification without specific reference to EAC certification
 Requires federal certification with specific reference to EAC certification
 Requires certification to the EAC-adopted federal Voluntary Voting System Guidelines
(VVSG)
 Requires state certification independent of federal certification
 Requires state certification in addition to federal certification
 Requires testing by an EAC-accredited Voting System Testing Laboratory (VSTL)
 Requires testing by an independent laboratory separate from the EAC-accredited
VSTLs
 Other (please describe):
Q15. Does your state, or does any jurisdiction in your state, use electronic poll books?
o Yes
o No
If Q15 = No, skip to Q16
If Q15 = Yes, proceed to Q15a

Q15a. Which of the following options best describes your state’s policy on electronic poll
book testing and certification?
o Electronic poll book testing and certification are required by statute
o Electronic poll book testing and certification are required by formal administrative
rule or guidance
o Our state does not require any type of electronic poll book testing and certification
prior to electronic poll books’ approval for purchase
Q15a Comments:

Mail Voting
Q16. For the November 2022 election, will your state require an excuse for mail (absentee)
voting?
o Yes, an excuse is required
o No excuse is required

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Q17. For the November 2022 election, will your state—or will any jurisdiction in your state—
automatically send a mail ballot to every registered (or to every active registered) voter?
These may be referred to as all-mail elections or as all-vote-by-mail elections, although some
in-person voting may take place in these elections.
o Yes
o No
If Q17 = No, skip to Q18
If Q17 = Yes, proceed to Q17a
Q17a. Will ballots be mailed to all voters statewide, or only to voters in certain jurisdictions?
o Statewide
o Only in certain jurisdictions

Q18. For the November 2022 election, will your state allow some or all registered voters to
request to be permanent absentee voters? Voters who receive a mail ballot because they
reside in a state or jurisdiction that automatically sends mail ballots to all registered voters
(or to all active registered voters) should not be included in this question.
o No
o Yes, any registrant can request to be a permanent absentee voter
o Yes, individuals who meet specific criteria can request to be permanent absentee
voters
If Q18 = No or Yes, any registrant, skip to Q19
If Q18 = Yes, individuals who meet specific criteria, proceed to Q18a

Q18a. Who can be a permanent absentee voter in your state? (Select all that apply.)
 Individuals over a specified age
 Persons with disabilities
 Other (please describe):

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Q19. For the November 2022 general election, will your state—or will any jurisdiction in your
state—allow voters to return their voted mail ballots at drop boxes?
For purposes of this question, a drop box is a locked container (located either indoors or
outdoors) where voters (or voters’ authorized representatives, if allowed by your state’s law)
may deliver their voted mail ballots for collection. Drop boxes are operated or controlled by
election officials. Drop boxes are separate from ballot boxes that are located in in-person
polling places for voters to place their ballots immediately after voting in person.
o Yes
o No
If Q19 = No, skip to Q20
If Q19 = Yes, proceed to Q19a

Q19a. Where will drop boxes be located? (Select all that apply.)
□
□
□
□
□

At election offices
At early voting polling locations
At Election Day polling locations
At other sites (please describe):
Varies by jurisdiction (please describe):

Q19b. How often will ballots be collected from drop boxes?
o
o
o
o
o

Multiple times per day
Once per day
Less frequently than once per day
Another frequency (please describe):
Varies by jurisdiction (please describe):

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Q19c. What dates and times may voters use drop boxes to return their ballots?
First date drop boxes are available: _____/______/________ (MM/DD/YYYY)
Final date drop boxes are available: _____/______/________ (MM/DD/YYYY)
Hours:
o
o
o
o
o

Drop boxes are available to voters around the clock
Drop boxes are available only during specific hours
Varies by date (please describe):
Varies by jurisdiction (please describe):
Other availability for drop boxes (please describe):

Q19c Comments:

Q19d. What security measures are implemented for drop boxes? (Select all that apply.)
□
□
□
□

Video cameras must monitor the drop boxes
Drop boxes are equipped with alarms
Ballot collections must be logged
Election workers or poll workers must monitor the drop boxes (please describe):

□ Multiple people must be present when election workers remove ballots from drop
boxes (please describe who must be present):
□ Other security measures (please describe):
□ Varies by jurisdiction (please describe):
Q20. Will your state allow voters to correct errors or missing information on their voted mail
ballots? This process is often referred to as ballot curing.
o Yes
o No
If Q20 = No, skip to Q21
If Q20 = Yes, proceed to Q20a

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Q20a. Which of the following types of mail ballot errors may be cured? (Select all that apply.)
□
□
□
□

Non-matching voter signature
Missing voter signature
Missing witness signature
A required document (such as affidavit, ballot statement, or copy of voter’s
identification) was missing or incomplete
□ Other (please describe):
Q20b. What is the deadline by which voters must cure errors or missing information on their
mail ballots?
Please note, if your applicable law or practice states that mail ballot curing must be
complete by a certain number of days after the election, that information should be reported
as the calendar date on which the deadline falls for the 2022 general election.
In addition, if you have additional nuance to report about your ballot curing processes that
has not been sufficiently covered in questions Q20, Q20a, and Q20b, please report it in
Q20b Comments.
_____/______/________ (MM/DD/YYYY)
Q20b Comments:

Q21. What is the deadline for a domestic civilian (non-UOCAVA) voter to return a mail ballot?
Select an option for both postmark and receipt deadlines, specifying the number of days if
applicable. If your state requires ballots to be postmarked or received by a certain time,
specify that information in the comments.
Ballot must be
postmarked by:

o ____ days before Election Day
o Election Day
o Does not apply; postmark not required

Ballot must be received
by:

o
o
o
o

____ days before Election Day
Election Day
____ business days after Election Day
____ calendar days after Election Day

Q21 Comments:

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Q22. How long does your state track ballots that arrive after the deadlines specified in Q21
for reporting in EAVS Section C?
o Until canvass is complete
o Until a specified date: _____/______/________ (MM/DD/YYYY)
o Indefinitely
Q23. What counts in your state as satisfying the postmark requirements for mail ballots?
(Select all that apply.)









Does not apply; no postmark is required
Physical postmark
Postal processing markings
Hand cancellation
Intelligent barcode
Private express delivery service date stamp
Date on voter affidavit
Other (please describe):

Q24. For the November 2022 election, under which circumstances will domestic civilian
(non-UOCAVA) voters be able to receive their ballots through an electronic format, such as
email, fax, online via your state’s online voter registration portal, or through a mobile phone
app? (Select all that apply.)
□ Domestic civilian voters cannot receive ballots electronically under any
circumstances
□ During an emergency situation (such as a natural disaster) that hinders in-person
voting
□ When a replacement ballot is needed
□ Voters with a specific disability
□ Voters with any disability
□ Voters may receive a ballot electronically for any circumstance
□ Other (please describe):
If Q24 = Voters with a specific disability or Voters with any disability, proceed to Q24a
If Q24 = any other option, skip to Q25

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Q24a. What terminology does your state use to describe the process whereby a voter with a
disability may access a ballot online, mark it privately and independently, and return it to
election officials?
o
o
o
o

Accessible absentee voting
Remote access vote-by-mail
Remote ballot marking
Other (please describe):

Q24b. How may these voters access their ballots under the process specified in Q24a?
(Select all that apply.)
□ Email
□ Online portal
□ Other (please describe):
Q24c. Must these voters have a witness or witnesses present while they mark their ballot
under the process specified in Q24a?
o Yes
o No
o Other (please describe):
Q24c Comments:

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In-Person Voting
Q25. What terminology does your state use to describe the process of allowing individuals to
cast their ballots in person at a polling location, vote center, or election office before
Election Day? (Select all that apply.)
Please note that hand-delivered return of mail ballots (e.g., via drop boxes or over the
counter) should not be considered in-person early voting for the purposes of this question.
 In-person early voting: voter completes the ballot in person at an election office or
other designated polling site prior to Election Day
 In-person absentee voting: voter completes an absentee ballot in person at an
election office or other designated polling site prior to Election Day
 Other (please describe):
 No in-person voting is allowed prior to Election Day (Note: If you allow persons with
disabilities or any other specific population of voters to come to a local election office
and vote in person prior to Election Day, do not select this option and make the
appropriate selection among the other choices)
If Q25 = No, skip to Q26
If Q25 = Yes, proceed to Q25a

Q25a. Is an excuse required for voters to participate in the kind of voting described in Q25?
o Yes
o No
Q25b. Enter the calendar dates for when your state’s in-person early voting (as outlined in
Q25) will begin and end for the 2022 general election.
If there are further details you wish to share on your state’s early voting availability for this
election (e.g., early voting is only available on weekdays, etc.), or if the availability of inperson early voting varies by jurisdiction, please use the comments box to provide this
context.
First day of early voting: _____/______/________ (MM/DD/YYYY)
Final day of early voting: _____/______/________ (MM/DD/YYYY)
Q25b Comments:

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Q26. For the November 2022 election, will any voters be able to cast their ballots at any
polling location or vote center in their local jurisdiction?
o
o
o
o

Yes, during early voting only
Yes, on Election Day only
Yes, both during early voting and on Election Day
No

If Q26 = No, skip to Q27
If Q26 = Yes, proceed to Q26a

Q26a. Which of the following best describes the way vote centers operate in your state?
o Our state requires the use of vote centers statewide
o Our state has vote centers, but only in jurisdictions that meet specific requirements
o Our state has vote centers, but jurisdictions have the option not to implement vote
centers

UOCAVA Voting
Q27. By which of the following methods does your state transmit (or send) blank UOCAVA
ballots to UOCAVA voters? (Select all that apply.)






Postal mail
Email
Fax
Online via a ballot delivery portal
Other (please specify):

Q28. By which of the following methods does your state allow UOCAVA voters to return their
voted UOCAVA ballots? (Select all that apply.)
□
□
□
□
□

Postal mail
Email
Fax
Online via a ballot delivery portal
Other (please specify):

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Q29. When a UOCAVA voter submits a Federal Post Card Application (FPCA), for how long
does the voter remain eligible to receive an absentee ballot?
o
o
o
o
o

_____ months
_____ calendar years
_____ general elections
Until the voter moves (notified via postal service or voter)
Other (please describe):

Q30. What is the deadline for a domestic military UOCAVA voter to return a mail ballot?
Select an option for both postmark and receipt deadlines, specifying the number of days if
applicable. If your state requires ballots to be postmarked or received by a certain time,
specify that information in the comments.
Ballot must be
postmarked by:

o ____ days before Election Day
o Election Day
o Does not apply; postmark not required

Ballot must be received
by:

o
o
o
o

____ days before Election Day
Election Day
____ business days after Election Day
____ calendar days after Election Day

Q30 Comments:

Q31. What is the deadline for an overseas UOCAVA voter to return a mail ballot? Select an
option for both postmark and receipt deadlines, specifying the number of days if applicable.
If your state requires ballots to be postmarked or received by a certain time, specify that
information in the comments.
Ballot must be
postmarked by:

o ____ days before Election Day
o Election Day
o Does not apply; postmark not required

Ballot must be received
by:

o
o
o
o

____ days before Election Day
Election Day
____ business days after Election Day
____ calendar days after Election Day

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Q32. Do the postmark requirements for UOCAVA ballots differ from the requirements for
mail ballots from domestic civilian voters, as specified in Q23?
o No
o Yes (please describe):

Provisional Voting
Q33. Does your state use provisional ballots?
o Yes
o No
If Q33 = No, skip to Q34
If Q33 = Yes, proceed to Q33a

Q33a. Under what circumstances does your state use provisional ballots? (Select all that
apply.)
 A federal or state judge extends polling place hours in a federal election
 An election official asserts that an individual is not eligible to vote
 Another person (not an election official) challenges a voter’s qualifications, and the
poll worker is not able to resolve the challenge
 A voter’s name does not appear on the list of eligible voters
 A voter does not have proper identification (as defined by state law)
 A voter is not a resident of the precinct in which they are attempting to vote
 A voter has changed their name or address (within the election jurisdiction) but has
not updated their voter registration to reflect the new information
 A voter was issued a mail ballot, chooses to vote in person instead, and does not
have the mail ballot to surrender to poll workers
 Other (please describe):
Q33b. What is the deadline for adjudicating provisional ballots cast in the November 2022
general election?
o Specific date: _____/______/________ (MM/DD/YYYY)
o ____ business days after Election Day
o ____ calendar days after Election Day

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Q33c. In the November 2022 election, how will your state treat a provisional ballot if the
ballot were cast in the wrong precinct by a voter?
o Fully count the entire ballot
o Partially count the ballot (e.g., only count the items on the ballot for which the voter
would have been eligible had they voted in the correct precinct)
o Reject the entire ballot

Q33d. Who in your state is responsible for reviewing provisional ballot information to
determine if the ballots are eligible to be counted?
o
o
o
o

A single election official
More than one election official
An elected or appointed group (e.g., Board of Canvassers, Board of Elections, etc.)
Other (please describe):

Q33e. Does the person or entity that ultimately verifies/certifies the eligibility of provisional
ballots differ from the person or entity that reviews provisional ballots to determine if they
are eligible to be counted?
o No
o Yes (please explain):

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Election Certification, Recounts, and Audits
Q34. What is the deadline for your state’s election authorities to certify the final results of
the November 2022 federal general election?
If your state law dictates that certification must happen a certain number of days after the
election, that information should be reported as the calendar date on which the deadline
falls for the 2022 general election.
If there are special circumstances that are an exception (e.g., the date is tentative, or may
be delayed if a recount is necessary or a certain condition is met, or the election will be
automatically certified if no contestations are filed by a certain date), these should be
described in the comments.
Separate deadlines for certifying elections for state or local office do not need to be reported
here; this question only collects information on the certification of federal elections by state
election authorities.
_____/______/________ (MM/DD/YYYY)
Q34 Comments:

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Recounts

Q35. An election recount is a repeat tabulation of all votes cast in an election that is used to
determine the correctness of an initial count. For the November 2022 election, which of the
following describes a reason why a jurisdiction in your state may conduct a post-election
recount of ballots? (Select all that apply.)
Additional context for your answers (e.g., if recounts are triggered automatically in some
circumstances, or if the reasons for recounting differ based on the office or on whether the
contest is a ballot measure) should be provided in the comments.
 Results of a contest are within a specified margin (e.g., the top two candidates are
within one percentage point)
 An affected candidate or party requests a recount
 Results of a contest are within a specified margin AND an affected candidate or party
requests a recount (both conditions must be met)
 Another person or group not affiliated with an affected candidate or party requests a
recount (please describe):
 By court order
 An election authority, such as a state or county board of elections or the secretary of
state, determines that a recount is warranted (please describe):
 Other (please describe):
Q35 Comments:

Q35a. How are recounts conducted? (Select all that apply.)
□ Manual recount of paper ballots or voter-verified paper audit trails (VVPAT)
□ Machine recount of paper ballots or VVPAT (e.g., using a ballot scanner or other ballot
tabulation device)
□ Other (please describe):
Q35a Comments:

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Audits

Q36. For the November 2022 election, will your state conduct any of the following auditing
activities, either before or after the election? (Select all that apply.)
□ Access audit: an assessment of whether legal procedures were followed to ensure
the election’s accessibility to voters with disabilities
□ Ballot design audit: an assessment of the usability of the ballot(s) in an election,
often focusing particularly on voters with disabilities or voters who use ballots in
languages other than English
□ Ballot reconciliation audit: a comparison of the published election results with the
number of voters who signed poll books during in-person voting or whose mail ballot
envelopes were checked in
□ Compliance audit or procedural audit: an audit that examines whether the
established processes and procedures were followed throughout the election
□ Eligibility audit: a process to verify that the ballots that were counted were legally cast
□ Legal audit: an assessment of whether election practices comply with all applicable
federal, state, and local laws
□ Logic and accuracy testing: a test to examine whether voting machines are tabulating
votes correctly, usually by creating a test deck of ballots and running them through
the machines
□ Post-election tabulation audit: a sample of ballots are selected and re-tabulated, and
the results are compared to the originally reported vote totals
□ Other (please describe):
If Q36 = Post-election tabulation audit, proceed to Q36a
If Q36 ≠ Post-election tabulation audit, skip to Q37
Q36a. Will post-election tabulation audits be required in your state for the November 2022
election? (Select all that apply.)
□ Yes, post-election tabulation audits are required by statute
□ Yes, post-election tabulation audits are required by formal administrative rule or
guidance
□ No, post-election tabulation audits are optional
□ Other (please describe):
If Q36a = No, skip to Q37
If Q36a = Yes or Other, proceed to Q36b

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Q36b. What type of post-election tabulation audit will be required in your state for the
November 2022 election? (Select all that apply.)
 Traditional manual tabulation audit: records from a fixed number or percentage of
randomly selected voting districts or voting machines are manually counted and
compared to the originally reported vote totals
 Traditional machine tabulation audit: records from a fixed number or percentage of
randomly selected voting districts or voting machines are machine-counted and
compared to the originally reported vote totals
 Risk limiting tabulation audit: a procedure for checking a sample of ballots (or voter
verifiable records) that provides a pre-specified statistical chance of correcting the
reported outcome of an election if the reported outcome is wrong (that is, if a full
hand-count would reveal an outcome different from the reported outcome)
 Other (please describe):
Voter Identification
Q37. For the 2022 general election, will voters (not including those who are first-time voters)
be required to show an acceptable identification in order to cast a ballot in person?
o Yes
o No
Q38 Comments:

If Q38 = Yes, proceed to Q38a
If Q38 = No, skip to Q39
Q37a. Is photo identification required for voters to establish their identity for in-person
voting?
o Yes
o No

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Q37b. What happens if a person does not have acceptable identification at the polling site?
(Select all that apply.)
□ Voter can cast a provisional ballot
□ Voter can have another person formally vouch for the voter’s identity (please
describe):
□ Voter can sign an affidavit affirming their identity, with no other action required for
the voter to vote
□ Voter must return at a later time to present appropriate identification to the election
officials before their ballot may be counted
If Q37b = Voter must return at a later time, proceed to Q37c
If Q37b = Any other option, skip to Q38

Q37c. What is the deadline by which the voter must present appropriate identification to
election officials to verify their identity and have their provisional ballot accepted and
counted?
_____/______/________ (MM/DD/YYYY)

Criminal Convictions and Voting
Q38. Which of the following best describes the populations in your state whose ability to
vote may be affected due to criminal conviction and/or incarceration? (Select all that apply.)
 Individuals who are convicted of any felony
 Individuals who are convicted of certain felonies
 Individuals who are convicted of other crimes that are not felonies (please describe):
 Individuals who are incarcerated
 No one; criminal convictions do not limit a person’s right to vote
Q39 Comments:

If Q38 = No one, skip to End
If Q38 = Any individual, proceed to Q38a

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Q38a. For how long are voting rights affected for an individual in one of the populations you
selected in Q38? (Select all that apply.)






During the period of incarceration
During any period of probation and parole
During any additional time (such as a statutorily mandated waiting period)
Until payment of outstanding fines, restitution, or penalties
Other (please describe):

Q38b. While the voting rights of a person in one of the populations specified in Q38 are
affected, what happens to their registration record in your state’s voter registration
database?
o
o
o
o

Their registration record is removed from the database
Their registration record is inactivated which prevents the person from voting
A hold or suspension is placed on the record that prevents the person from voting
Other (please describe):

Q38c. What is required for a person to become an eligible voter again after their voting
rights were affected due to criminal conviction and/or incarceration? (Select all that apply.)
 A person’s previous registration is restored with no further action required by the
voter
 A person is immediately eligible and must re-register to vote through the same
registration process as the general public
 A person must present documentation during the registration process showing that
they have completed the requirements for registering to vote
 A person must have their voting rights restored by the state through a formal
administrative process (e.g., gubernatorial restoration or action by the state pardons
and paroles board)
 Other (please describe):

END OF SURVEY
THANK YOU FOR RESPONDING TO THIS SURVEY

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