Sample Data Analysis Tables

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National HIV Behavioral Surveillance: Brief HIV Bio-behavioral Assessment (NHBS-BHBA)

Sample Data Analysis Tables

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Shape1 Table 1. Selected characteristics of sample population—National HIV Behavioral Surveillance Brief HIV Bio-behavioral Assessments, 2 U.S. States


HIV-negativea

HIV-positiveb

No valid NHBS-BHBA HIV test resultc



Total



No.

%


No.

%

No.

%


No.

%

Gender











Male











Female











Nonbinary











Age at interview (yr)











18–24











25–29











30–39











40–49











50











Race/ethnicity











American Indian/Alaska Native











Asian











Black/African American











Hispanic/Latinod











Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander











White











Multiple races











Education











Less than high school











High school diploma or equivalent











Some college or technical degree











College degree or more











Household incomee











At or below the federal poverty level











Above the federal poverty level











Health insurance











Yes











No











Visited a health care provider, past 12 months

Yes











No











Homeless,f past 12 months











Yes











No











Shape2



Table 1. Selected characteristics of sample population—National HIV Behavioral Surveillance Brief HIV Bio-behavioral Assessments, 2 U.S. States (cont)


No valid NHBS-BHBA

HIV-negativea HIV-positiveb HIV test resultc Total

No. % No. % No. % No. %










State









Florida









Massachusetts









Total









Abbreviation: NHBS-BHBA, National HIV Behavioral Surveillance Brief HIV Bio-behavioral Assessments.

Note. “Past 12 months” refers to the 12 months before interview.

a Participants with a valid negative NHBS-BHBA HIV test result.

b Participants with a reactive rapid NHBS-BHBA HIV test result supported by a second rapid test or supplemental laboratory-based testing.

c Participants who did not have a valid positive or negative NHBS-BHBA HIV test result, including those who did not consent to the HIV test, had an indeterminate laboratory result, had discordant rapid test results, or reported a previous HIV-positive test result but had a negative NHBS-BHBA HIV test result.

d Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.

e Poverty level is based on household income and household size.

f Living on the street, in a shelter, in a single-room–occupancy hotel, or in a car.

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Table 2. HIV prevalence among sample population, by gender—National HIV Behavioral Surveillance Brief HIV Bio-behavioral Assessments, 2 U.S. States




Male





Female





Nonbinary




Full sample



HIV-positivea


Total

HIV-positivea


Total

HIV-positivea

Total

HIV-positivea

Total


No.

%


No.


No.

%


No.


No.

%

No.


No.

%

No.

Age at interview (yr)


















18–24


















25–29


















30–39


















40–49


















50


















Race/ethnicity


















American Indian/Alaska Native


















Asian


















Black/African American


















Hispanic/Latinob


















Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander


















White


















Multiple races


















State


















Florida


















Massachusetts


















Total


















Abbreviation: NHBS-BHBA, National HIV Behavioral Surveillance Brief HIV Bio-behavioral Assessments [footnotes only].

Note. Data include all participants with a valid NHBS HIV test result.

a Participants with a reactive rapid NHBS HIV test result supported by a second rapid test or supplemental laboratory-based testing.

b Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.

Table 3. HIV testing among persons who inject drugs—National HIV Behavioral Surveillance Brief HIV Bio-behavioral Assessments, 2 U.S. States



Ever tested


Tested in past 12 monthsa



No.

%


No.

%

Total No.

Gender







Male







Female







Nonbinary







Age at interview (yr)







18–24







25–29







30–39







40–49







50







Race/ethnicity







American Indian/Alaska Native







Asian







Black/African American







Hispanic/Latinob







Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander







White







Multiple races







State







Florida







Massachusetts







Total







Note. Data include all participants who did not report a previous HIV-positive test result and participants who received their first HIV-positive test result less than 12 months before interview.

a “Past 12 months” refers to the 12 months before interview.

b Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.



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Table 4. Sexual behavior with female and male sex partners in the 12 months before interview among males—NHBS-BHBA, 2 U.S. States



With female sex partners






With male sex partners


With males and females—sex of any typea




Vaginal sex

Condomless sex


Anal sex

Condomless anal sex

Anal sex


Condomless anal sex


Total males


No.

%


No.

%


No.

%


No.

%


No.

%


No.

%




No.

%

No.

HIV-negativeb
























Age at interview (yr)
























18–24
























25–29
























30–39
























40–49
























50
























Race/ethnicity
























American Indian/Alaska Native
























Asian
























Black/African American
























Hispanic/Latinoc
























Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander
























White
























Multiple races
























HIV-positived
























Age at interview (yr)
























18–24
























25–29
























30–39
























40–49
























50
























Race/ethnicity
























American Indian/Alaska Native
























Asian
























Black/African American
























Hispanic/Latinoc
























Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander
























White
























Multiple races
























No valid NHBS-BHBA HIV test resulte
























Total
























Abbreviation: NHBS-BHBA, National HIV Behavioral Surveillance Brief HIV Bio-behavioral Assessments.

a Participants who reported oral, vaginal, or anal sex with at least 1 female partner and oral or anal sex with at least 1 male partner in the 12 months before interview.

b Participants with a valid negative NHBS-BHBA HIV test result.

c Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.

d Participants with a reactive rapid NHBS-BHBA HIV test result supported by a second rapid test or supplemental laboratory-based testing.

e Participants who did not have a valid positive or negative NHBS-BHBA HIV test result, including those who did not consent to the HIV test, had an indeterminate laboratory result, had discordant rapid test results, or reported a previous HIV-positive test result but had a negative NHBS-BHBA HIV test result.

Table 5. Sexual behavior with male sex partners in the 12 months before interview among females—NHBS-BHBA, 2 U.S. States



Vaginal sex

Condomless vaginal sex


Anal sex


Condomless anal sex

Total females


No.

%


No.

%


No.

%


No.

%

No.

HIV-negativea













Age at interview (yr)













18–24













25–29













30–39













40–49













50













Race/ethnicity













American Indian/Alaska Native













Asian













Black/African American













Hispanic/Latinob













Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander













White













Multiple races













HIV-positivec













Age at interview (yr)













18–24













25–29













30–39













40–49













50













Race/ethnicity













American Indian/Alaska Native













Asian













Black/African American













Hispanic/Latinob













Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander













White













Multiple races













No valid NHBS-BHBA HIV test resultd













Total













Abbreviation: NHBS-BHBA, National HIV Behavioral Surveillance Brief HIV Bio-behavioral Assessments .

a Participants with a valid negative NHBS-BHBA HIV test result.
b Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.

c Participants with a reactive rapid NHBS-BHBA HIV test result supported by a second rapid test or supplemental laboratory-based testing.

d Participants who did not have a valid positive or negative NHBS-BHBA HIV test result, including those who did not consent to the HIV test, had an indeterminate laboratory result, had discordant rapid test results, or reported a previous HIV-positive test result but had a negative NHBS-BHBA HIV test result.










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Table 6. Injection drug use in the 12 months before interview, by selected drugs—NHBS-BHBA, 2 U.S. States

Heroin



Speedballa


Powder or crack cocaine

Methamphetamine


Prescription opioids


Other drug



Injected, past

12 months

Injected daily

Injected, past

12 months

Injected daily

Injected, past

12 months

Injected daily

Injected, past

12 months

Injected daily

Injected, past

12 months

Injected daily

Injected, past

12 months


Total No.


No.

%

No.

%

No.

%

No.

%

No.

%

No.

%

No.

%

No.

%

No.

%

No.

%

No.

%

HIV-negativeb
























Gender
























Male
























Female
























Nonbinary
























Age at interview (yr)
























18–24
























25–29
























30–39
























40–49
























50
























Race/ethnicity
























American Indian/Alaska Native
























Asian
























Black/African American
























Hispanic/Latinoc
























Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander
























White
























Multiple races
























HIV-positived
























Gender
























Male
























Female
























Nonbinary
























Age at interview (yr)
























18–24
























25–29
























30–39
























40–49
























50
























Race/ethnicity
























American Indian/Alaska Native
























Asian
























Black/African American
























Hispanic/Latinoc
























Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander
























White
























Multiple races
























No valid NHBS-BHBA HIV test resulte
























Total
























Abbreviation: NHBS-BHBA, National HIV Behavioral Surveillance Brief HIV Bio-behavioral Assessments.

Note. “Past 12 months” refers to the 12 months preceding interview.

a Heroin and cocaine being injected together.

b Participants with a valid negative NHBS-BHBA HIV test result.

c Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.

d Participants with a reactive rapid NHBS-BHBA HIV test result supported by a second rapid test or supplemental laboratory-based testing.

e Participants who did not have a valid positive or negative NHBS-BHBA HIV test result, including those who did not consent to the HIV test, had an indeterminate laboratory result, had discordant rapid test results, or reported a previous HIV-positive test result but had a negative NHBS-BHBA HIV test result.

Table 7. Receptive sharing of syringes in the 12 months before interview—NHBS-BHBA, 2 U.S. States




Syringesa



No.

%

Total No.

HIV-negativeb




Gender




Male




Female




Nonbinary




Age at interview (yr)




18–24




25–29




30–39




40–49




50




Race/ethnicity




American Indian/Alaska Native




Asian




Black/African American




Hispanic/Latinoc




Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander




White




Multiple races




HIV-positived




Gender




Male




Female




Nonbinary




Age at interview (yr)




18–24




25–29




30–39




40–49




50




Race/ethnicity




American Indian/Alaska Native




Asian




Black/African American




Hispanic/Latinoe




Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander




White




Multiple races




No valid NHBS-BHBA HIV test resulti




Total




Abbreviation: NHBS-BHBA, National HIV Behavioral Surveillance Brief HIV Bio-behavioral Assessments.

a Used a syringe or needle that had already been used by someone else for injection.

b Participants with a valid negative NHBS HIV test result.

c Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.

d Participants with a reactive rapid NHBS-BHBA HIV test result supported by a second rapid test or supplemental laboratory-based testing.

e Participants who did not have a valid positive or negative NHBS-BHBA HIV test result, including those who did not consent to the HIV test, had an indeterminate laboratory result, had discordant rapid test results, or reported a previous HIV-positive test result but had a negative NHBS-BHBA HIV test result.


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Table 8. Receipt of HIV prevention materials and services in the 12 months before interview—NHBS-BHBA, 2 U.S. States



Services from SSPs

Free condomsa

PrEP awarenessb

PrEP usec




No.

%


No.

%



No.

%


No.

%

Total No.

HIV-negatived














Gender














Male














Female














Transgender














Age at interview (yr)














18–24














25–29














30–39














40–49














50














Race/ethnicity














American Indian/Alaska Native














Asian














Black/African American














Hispanic/Latinoe














Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander














White














Multiple races














HIV-positivef














Gender














Male














Female














Transgender














Age at interview (yr)














18–24














25–29














30–39














40–49














50














Race/ethnicity














American Indian/Alaska Native














Asian














Black/African American














Hispanic/Latinoe














Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander














White














Multiple races














No valid NHBS-BHBA HIV test resultg














Total














Abbreviations: SSPs, syringe services programs; NHBS-BHBA, National HIV Behavioral Surveillance Brief HIV Bio-behavioral Assessments; PrEP, preexposure prophylaxis.

a Excludes condoms received from friends, relatives, or sex partners.

b Ever heard of PrEP, an antiretroviral medicine taken for months or years by a person who is HIV-negative to reduce the risk of getting HIV.

c Took PrEP at any point in the 12 months before interview to reduce the risk of getting HIV.

d Participants with a valid negative NHBS-BHBA HIV test result.

e Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.

f Participants with a reactive rapid NHBS-BHBA HIV test result supported by a second rapid test or supplemental laboratory-based testing.

g Participants who did not have a valid positive or negative NHBS-BHBA HIV test result, including those who did not consent to the HIV test, had an indeterminate laboratory result, had discordant rapid test results, or reported a previous HIV-positive test result but had a negative NHBS-BHBA HIV test result.

Shape15



Table 9. Diagnosis of sexually transmitted infections—NHBS-BHBA, 2 U.S. States


Diagnosis during the 12 months preceding interview






Any bacterial STIa

Chlamydia

Gonorrhea

Syphilis





No.

%


No.

%


No.

%

No.

%


Total No.

HIV-negativeb













Gender













Male













Female













Nonbinary













Age at interview (yr)













18–24













25–29













30–39













40–49













50













Race/ethnicity













American Indian/Alaska Native













Asian













Black/African American













Hispanic/Latinoc













Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander













White













Multiple races













HIV-positived













Gender













Male













Female













Nonbinary













Age at interview (yr)













18–24













25–29













30–39













40–49













50













Race/ethnicity













American Indian/Alaska Native













Asian













Black/African American













Hispanic/Latinoc













Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander













White













Multiple races













No valid NHBS-BHBA HIV test resulte













Total













Abbreviations: STI, sexually transmitted infection; NHBS-BHBA, National HIV Behavioral Surveillance Brief HIV Bio-behavioral Assessments.

aAny bacterial STI includes having received a diagnosis of gonorrhea, chlamydia, or syphilis in the 12 months before interview.

bParticipants with a valid negative NHBS-BHBA HIV test result.

c Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.

d Participants with a reactive rapid NHBS-BHBA HIV test result supported by a second rapid test or supplemental laboratory-based testing.

e Participants who did not have a valid positive or negative NHBS-BHBA HIV test result, including those who did not consent to the HIV test, had an indeterminate laboratory result, had discordant rapid test results, or reported a previous HIV-positive test result but had a negative NHBS-BHBA HIV test result.

Table 10. Noninjection drug use in the 12 months before interview—NHBS-BHBA, 2 U.S. States


Used drug


No.

%

HIV-negativea



Any noninjection drugs



Cocaine



Crack



Downersb



Ecstasy



Fentanyl



Heroin



Marijuana



Methamphetamine



Prescription opioidsc



Stimulantd



HIV-positivee



Any noninjection drugs



Cocaine



Crack



Downersb



Ecstasy



Fentanyl



Heroin



Marijuana



Methamphetamine



Prescription opioidsc



Stimulantd



No valid NHBS-BHBA HIV test resultf



Any noninjection drugs



Cocaine



Crack



Downersb



Ecstasy



Fentanyl



Heroin



Marijuana



Methamphetamine



Prescription opioidsc



Stimulantd



Disclaimer: The use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the Department of Health and Human Services or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Abbreviation: NHBS-BHBA, National HIV Behavioral Surveillance Brief HIV Bio-behavioral Assessments.

Note. Denominator is the total number of participants in the category; HIV-negative participants: n = X; HIV-positive participants: n = X; participants without a valid NHBS-BHBA HIV test result: n = X. Responses are not mutually exclusive; percentages may not add to 100.

a Participants with a valid negative NHBS-BHBA HIV test result.

b Benzodiazepines, such as Valium, Xanax, or Klonopin.

c Painkillers, such as Oxycontin, Dilaudid, or Percocet.

d Adderall or Ritalin

e Participants with a reactive rapid NHBS-BHBA HIV test result supported by a second rapid test or supplemental laboratory-based testing.

f Participants who did not have a valid positive or negative NHBS-BHBA HIV test result, including those who did not consent to the HIV test, had an indeterminate laboratory result, had discordant rapid test results, or reported a previous HIV-positive test result but had a negative NHBS-BHBA HIV test result.




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Table 11. Additional outcomes—NHBS-BHBA, 2 U.S. States




Number of

opposite

sex partners

Number of

same

sex partners


Exchange sexa

Condomless sex with an HIV-discordant partner at last sexb



Total

Median (Q1–Q3)

Median (Q1–Q3)

No.

%.


No.

%

No.

HIV-negativec









Gender









Male









Female









Nonbinaryd









Age at interview (yr)









18–24









25–29









30–39









40–49









50









Race/ethnicity









American Indian/Alaska Native









Asian









Black/African American









Hispanic/Latinoe









Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander









White









Multiple races










Table 11. Additional outcomes—NHBS-BHBA, 2 U.S. States (cont)


Shape18






Number of

opposite

sex partners

Number of

same

sex partners


Exchange sexa

Condomless sex with an HIV-discordant partner at last sexb



Total

Median (Q1–Q3)

Median (Q1–Q3)

No.

%.


No.

%

No.

HIV-positivef









Gender









Male









Female









Nonbinaryd









Age at interview (yr)









18–24









25–29









30–39









40–49









50









Race/ethnicity









American Indian/Alaska Native









Asian









Black/African American









Hispanic/Latinoe









Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander









White









Multiple races









No valid NHBS-BHBA HIV test resultg









Total









Abbreviations: Q, quartile; NHBS-BHBA, National HIV Behavioral Surveillance Brief HIV Bio-behavioral Assessments.

Note. NHBS sexual behavior questions assume anatomy based on reported gender (male or female). These questions are not asked of transgender participants. Consequently, transgender participants are not included in calculation of sexual behavior outcomes in this table.

a “Exchange sex” refers to giving or receiving money, drugs, or some other type of payment or trade from a male or female partner in exchange for sex.

b “Last sex” refers to whether the participant reported engaging in oral, vaginal or anal sex at any time during his or her most recent sexual encounter with a sex partner. For male participants, this is in reference to male and female sex partners; for female participants, this is in reference to male sex partners. “HIV-discordant partner” refers to a partner of different or unknown HIV status.

c Participants with a valid negative NHBS-BHBA HIV test result.

d Sexual behavior data not available for Nonbinary participants.

e Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.

f Participants with a reactive rapid NHBS-BHBA HIV test result supported by a second rapid test or supplemental laboratory-based testing.

g Participants who did not have a valid positive or negative NHBS-BHBA HIV test result, including those who did not consent to the HIV test, had an indeterminate laboratory result, had discordant rapid test results, or reported a previous HIV-positive test result but had a negative NHBS-BHBA HIV test result.

Table 12. Receipt of HIV care and treatment among self-reported HIV-positive persons—NHBS-BHBA, 2 U.S. States


Visited health care provider about HIV



Ever


Within 1 month after diagnosis


During past 6 months

Currently taking anti-HIV medicines



No.

%


No.

%

No.

%


No.

%

Total No.

Gender












Male












Female












Nonbinary












Age at interview (yr)












18–24












25–29












30–39












40–49












50












Race/ethnicity












American Indian/Alaska Native












Asian












Black/African American












Hispanic/Latinoa












Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander












White












Multiple races












State












Florida












Massachusetts












Total












Abbreviation: NHBS-BHBA, National HIV Behavioral Surveillance Brief HIV Bio-behavioral Assessments.

Note. Data include all participants who reported having ever received an HIV-positive test result (which may include those who did not have a valid NHBS-BHBA HIV test result, positive or negative, or who did not consent to the HIV test). “Past 6 months” refers to the 6 months before interview.

a Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.








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File Typeapplication/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
File TitleHIV Infection, Risk, Prevention, and Testing Behaviors among Persons Who Inject Drugs
SubjectNational HIV Behavioral Surveillance: Injection Drug Use, 23 U.S. Cities, 2018
AuthorCDC/NCHHSTP/DHAP/BCSB
File Modified0000-00-00
File Created2022-10-03

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