50 CFR 10 General Provisions

50 CFR Part 10 (up to date as of 3/24/2023)
General Provisions

50 CFR Part 10

This content is from the eCFR and is authoritative but unofficial.

Title 50 - Wildlife and Fisheries
Chapter I - United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of the Interior
Subchapter B - Taking, Possession, Transportation, Sale, Purchase, Barter, Exportation, and
Importation of Wildlife and Plants
Part 10 General Provisions
Subpart A Introduction
§ 10.1 Purpose of regulations.
§ 10.2 Scope of regulations.
§ 10.3 Other applicable laws.
§ 10.4 When regulations apply.
Subpart B Definitions
§ 10.11 Scope of definitions.
§ 10.12 Definitions.
§ 10.13 List of Migratory Birds.
Subpart C Addresses
§ 10.21 Director.
§ 10.22 Law enforcement offices.

PART 10 - GENERAL PROVISIONS
Authority: 16 U.S.C. 668a-d, 703-712, 742a-j-l, 1361-1384, 1401-1407, 1531-1543, 3371-3378; 18 U.S.C. 42; 19
U.S.C. 1202.

Source: 38 FR 22015, Aug. 15, 1973, unless otherwise noted.

Subpart A - Introduction
§ 10.1 Purpose of regulations.
The regulations of this Subchapter B are promulgated to implement the following statutes enforced by the U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service which regulate the taking, possession, transportation, sale, purchase, barter, exportation, and
importation of wildlife:
Lacey Act, 18 U.S.C. 42.
Lacey Act Amendments of 1981, 16 U.S.C. 3371-3378.
Migratory Bird Treaty Act, 16 U.S.C. 703-712.
Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act, 16 U.S.C. 668a-668d.
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50 CFR 10.2

Endangered Species Act of 1973, 16 U.S.C. 1531-1543.
Tariff Classification Act of 1962, 19 U.S.C. 1202, [Schedule 1, Part 15D, Headnote 2(d), T.S.U.S.].
Fish and Wildlife Act of 1956, 16 U.S.C. 742a-742j-l.
Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972, 16 U.S.C. 1361-1384, 1401-1407.
[38 FR 22015, Aug. 15, 1973, as amended at 53 FR 6649, Mar. 2, 1988]

§ 10.2 Scope of regulations.
The various parts of this subchapter B are interrelated, and particular note should be taken that the parts must be
construed with reference to each other.

§ 10.3 Other applicable laws.
No statute or regulation of any State shall be construed to relieve a person from the restrictions, conditions, and
requirements contained in this subchapter B. In addition, nothing in this subchapter B, nor any permit issued under
this subchapter B, shall be construed to relieve a person from any other requirements imposed by a statute or
regulation of any State or of the United States, including any applicable health, quarantine, agricultural, or customs
laws or regulations, or other Service enforced statutes or regulations.

§ 10.4 When regulations apply.
The regulations of this subchapter B shall apply to all matters arising after the effective date of such regulations,
with the following exceptions:
(a) Civil penalty proceedings. Except as otherwise provided in § 11.25, the civil penalty assessment
procedures contained in this subchapter B shall apply only to any proceeding instituted by notice of
violation dated subsequent to the effective date of these regulations, regardless of when the act or
omission which is the basis of a civil penalty proceeding occurred.
(b) Permits. The regulations in this subchapter B shall apply to any permit application received after the
effective date of the appropriate regulations in this subchapter B and, insofar as appropriate, to any
permit which is renewed after such effective date.
[38 FR 22015, Aug. 15, 1973, as amended at 39 FR 1159, Jan. 4, 1974]

Subpart B - Definitions
§ 10.11 Scope of definitions.
In addition and subject to definitions contained in applicable statutes and subsequent parts or sections of this
subchapter B, words or their variants shall have the meanings ascribed in this subpart. Throughout this subchapter
B words in the singular form shall include the plural, words in the plural form shall include the singular, and words in
the masculine form shall include the feminine.

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50 CFR 10.12

§ 10.12 Definitions.
Aircraft means any contrivance used for flight in the air.
Amphibians means a member of the class, Amphibia, including, but not limited to, frogs, toads, and
salamanders; including any part, product, egg, or offspring thereof, or the dead body or parts thereof
(excluding fossils), whether or not included in a manufactured product or in a processed food product.
Animal means an organism of the animal kingdom, as distinguished from the plant kingdom; including any part,
product, egg, or offspring thereof, or the dead body or parts thereof (excluding fossils), whether or not
included in a manufactured product or in a processed food product.
Birds means a member of the class, Aves; including any part, product, egg, or offspring thereof, or the dead
body or parts thereof (excluding fossils), whether or not included in a manufactured product or in a
processed food product.
Country of exportation means the last country from which the animal was exported before importation into the
United States.
Country of origin means the country where the animal was taken from the wild, or the country of natal origin of
the animal.
Crustacean means a member of the class, Crustacea, including but not limited to, crayfish, lobsters, shrimps,
crabs, barnacles, and some terrestrial forms; including any part, product, egg, or offspring thereof, or the
dead body or parts thereof (excluding fossils), whether or not included in a manufactured product or in a
processed food product.
Director means the Director of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of the Interior, or his
authorized representative.
Endangered wildlife means any wildlife listed in § 17.11 or § 17.12 of this subchapter.
Fish means a member of any of the following classes:
(1) Cyclostomata, including, but not limited to, hagfishes and lampreys;
(2) Elasmobranchii, including but not limited to, sharks, skates, and rays; and
(3) Pisces, including but not limited to trout, perch, bass, minnows, and catfish; including any part,
product, egg, or offspring thereof, or the dead body or parts thereof (excluding fossils), whether or
not included in a manufactured product or in a processed food product.
Fish or wildlife means any wild animal, whether alive or dead, including without limitation any wild mammal, bird,
reptile, amphibian, fish, mollusk, crustacean, arthropod, coelenterate, or other invertebrate, whether or not
bred, hatched, or born in captivity, and including any part, product, egg, or offspring thereof.
Foreign commerce includes, among other things, any transaction
(1) between persons within one foreign country, or
(2) between persons in two or more foreign countries, or
(3) between a person within the United States and a person in one or more foreign countries, or
(4) between persons within the United States, where the fish or wildlife in question are moving in any
country or countries outside the United States.
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50 CFR 10.12 “Fossil”

Fossil means the remains of an animal of past geological ages which has been preserved in the earth's crust
through mineralization of the object.
Import means to land on, bring into, or introduce into, or attempt to land on, bring into, or introduce into any
place subject to the jurisdiction of the United States, whether or not such landing, bringing, or introduction
constitutes an importation within the meaning of the tariff laws of the United States.
Injurious Wildlife means any wildlife for which a permit is required under subpart B of part 16 of this subchapter
before being imported into or shipped between the continental United States, the District of Columbia,
Hawaii, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, or any possession of the United States.
Mammal means a member of the class, Mammalia; including any part, product, egg, or offspring, or the dead
body or parts thereof (excluding fossils), whether or not included in a manufactured product or in a
processed food product.
Migratory bird means any bird, whatever its origin and whether or not raised in captivity, which belongs to a
species listed in § 10.13, or which is a mutation or a hybrid of any such species, including any part, nest,
or egg of any such bird, or any product, whether or not manufactured, which consists, or is composed in
whole or part, of any such bird or any part, nest, or egg thereof.
Migratory game birds: See § 20.11 of this subchapter.
Mollusk means a member of the phylum, Mollusca, including but not limited to, snails, mussels, clams, oysters,
scallops, abalone, squid, and octopuses; including any part, product, egg, or offspring thereof, or the dead
body or parts thereof (excluding fossils), whether or not included in a manufactured product or in a
processed food product.
Permit means any document designated as a “permit,” “license,” “certificate,” or any other document issued by
the Service to authorize, limit, or describe activity and signed by an authorized official of the Service.
Person means any individual, firm, corporation, association, partnership, club, or private body, any one or all, as
the context requires.
Plant means any member of the plant kingdom, including seeds, roots and other parts thereof.
Possession means the detention and control, or the manual or ideal custody of anything which may be the
subject of property, for one's use and enjoyment, either as owner or as the proprietor of a qualified right in
it, and either held personally or by another who exercises it in one's place and name. Possession includes
the act or state of possessing and that condition of facts under which one can exercise his power over a
corporeal thing at his pleasure to the exclusion of all other persons. Possession includes constructive
possession which means not actual but assumed to exist, where one claims to hold by virtue of some
title, without having actual custody.
Public as used in referring to museums, zoological parks, and scientific or educational institutions, refers to
such as are open to the general public and are either established, maintained, and operated as a
governmental service or are privately endowed and organized but not operated for profit.
Reptile means a member of the class, Reptilia, including but not limited to, turtles, snakes, lizards, crocodiles,
and alligators; including any part, product, egg, or offspring thereof, or the dead body or parts thereof,
whether or not included in a manufactured product or in a processed food product.
Secretary means the Secretary of the Interior or his authorized representative.
Service means the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of the Interior.
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50 CFR 10.12 “Shellfish”

Shellfish means an aquatic invertebrate animal having a shell, including, but not limited to,
(a) an oyster, clam, or other mollusk; and
(b) a lobster or other crustacean; or any part, product, egg, or offspring thereof, or the dead body or parts
thereof (excluding fossils), whether or not included in a manufactured product or in a processed
food product.
State means any State of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico,
American Samoa, the Virgin Islands, and Guam.
Take means to pursue, hunt, shoot, wound, kill, trap, capture, or collect, or attempt to pursue, hunt, shoot,
wound, kill, trap, capture, or collect. (With reference to marine mammals, see Part 18 of this subchapter.)
Transportation means to ship, convey, carry or transport by any means whatever, and deliver or receive for such
shipment, conveyance, carriage, or transportation.
United States means the several States of the United States of America, District of Columbia, Commonwealth of
Puerto Rico, American Samoa, U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands,
Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Atoll, Navassa Island,
Palmyra Atoll, and Wake Atoll, and any other territory or possession under the jurisdiction of the United
States.
Whoever means the same as person.
Wildlife means the same as fish or wildlife.
[38 FR 22015, Aug. 15, 1973, as amended at 42 FR 32377, June 24, 1977; 42 FR 59358, Nov. 16, 1977; 45 FR 56673, Aug. 25,
1980; 50 FR 52889, Dec. 26, 1985; 72 FR 48445, Aug. 23, 2007]

§ 10.13 List of Migratory Birds.
(a) Legal authority for this list. The legal authorities for this list are the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA; 16
U.S.C. 703-712), the Fish and Wildlife Improvement Act of 1978 (16 U.S.C. 742l), and the Fish and Wildlife
Act of 1956 (16 U.S.C. 742a-742j). The MBTA implements Conventions between the United States and
four neighboring countries for the protection of migratory birds, as follows:
(1) Canada: Convention between the United States and Great Britain [on behalf of Canada] for the
Protection of Migratory Birds, August 16, 1916, 39 Stat. 1702 (T.S. No. 628), as amended;
(2) Mexico: Convention between the United States and Mexico for the Protection of Migratory Birds and
Game Mammals, February 7, 1936, 50 Stat. 1311 (T.S. No. 912), as amended;
(3) Japan: Convention between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of
Japan for the Protection of Migratory Birds and Birds in Danger of Extinction, and Their Environment,
March 4, 1972, 25 U.S.T. 3329 (T.I.A.S. No. 7990); and
(4) Russia: Convention between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
Concerning the Conservation of Migratory Birds and Their Environment, November 19, 1976, 20
U.S.T. 4647 (T.I.A.S. No. 9073).

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50 CFR 10.13(b)

(b) Purpose of this list. The purpose is to inform the public of the species protected by regulations that
enforce the terms of the MBTA. These regulations, found in parts 10, 20, and 21 of this chapter, cover
most aspects of the taking, possession, transportation, sale, purchase, barter, exportation, and
importation of migratory birds.
(c) What species are protected as migratory birds? Species protected as migratory birds are listed in two
formats to suit the varying needs of the user: Alphabetically in paragraph (c)(1) of this section and
taxonomically in paragraph (c)(2) of this section. Taxonomy and nomenclature generally follow the 7th
edition of the American Ornithologists' Union's (AOU, now recognized as American Ornithological Society
(AOS)) Check-list of North American birds (1998, as amended through 2019). For species not treated by
the AOS Check-list, we generally follow Clements Checklist of Birds of the World (Clements et al. 2017).
(1) Alphabetical listing. Species are listed alphabetically by common (English) group names, with the
scientific name of each species following the common name.
ACCENTOR, Siberian, Prunella montanella
’AKEKE’E, Loxops caeruleirostris
’AKEPA, Hawaii, Loxops coccineus
Maui, Loxops ochraceus
O’ahu, Loxops wolstenholmei
’AKIALOA, Kauai, Akialoa stejnegeri
Maui Nui, Akialoa lanaiensis
O’ahu, Akialoa ellisiana
’AKIAPOLA’AU, Hemignathus wilsoni
’AKIKIKI, Oreomystis bairdi
’AKOHEKOHE, Palmeria dolei
’ALAUAHIO, Maui, Paroreomyza montana
O’ahu, Paroreomyza maculata
ALBATROSS, Black-browed, Thalassarche melanophris
Black-footed, Phoebastria nigripes
Chatham, Thalassarche eremita
Laysan, Phoebastria immutabilis
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Light-mantled, Phoebetria palpebrata
Salvin's, Thalassarche salvini
Short-tailed, Phoebastria albatrus
Wandering, Diomedea exulans
White-capped, Thalassarche cauta
Yellow-nosed, Thalassarche chlororhynchos
’AMAKIHI, Hawaii, Chlorodrepanis virens
Kauai, Chlorodrepanis stejnegeri
O’ahu, Chlorodrepanis flava
ANHINGA, Anhinga anhinga
ANI, Groove-billed, Crotophaga sulcirostris
Smooth-billed, Crotophaga ani
’ANIANIAU, Magumma parva
’APAPANE, Himatione sanguinea
AUKLET, Cassin's, Ptychoramphus aleuticus
Crested, Aethia cristatella
Least, Aethia pusilla
Parakeet, Aethia psittacula
Rhinoceros, Cerorhinca monocerata
Whiskered, Aethia pygmaea
AVOCET, American, Recurvirostra americana
BANANAQUIT, Coereba flaveola
BEAN-GOOSE, Taiga, Anser fabalis

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Tundra, Anser serrirostris
BEARDLESS-TYRANNULET, Northern, Camptostoma imberbe
BECARD, Gray-collared, Pachyramphus major
Rose-throated, Pachyramphus aglaiae
BITTERN, American, Botaurus lentiginosus
Black, Ixobrychus flavicollis
Least, Ixobrychus exilis
Schrenck's, Ixobrychus eurhythmus
Yellow, Ixobrychus sinensis
BLACKBIRD, Brewer's, Euphagus cyanocephalus
Red-winged, Agelaius phoeniceus
Rusty, Euphagus carolinus
Tawny-shouldered, Agelaius humeralis
Tricolored, Agelaius tricolor
Yellow-headed, Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus
Yellow-shouldered, Agelaius xanthomus
BLUEBIRD, Eastern, Sialia sialis
Mountain, Sialia currucoides
Western, Sialia mexicana
BLUETAIL, Red-flanked, Tarsiger cyanurus
BLUETHROAT, Cyanecula svecica
BOBOLINK, Dolichonyx oryzivorus
BOOBOOK, Northern, Ninox japonica

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BOOBY, Abbott's, Papasula abbotti
Blue-footed, Sula nebouxii
Brown, Sula leucogaster
Masked, Sula dactylatra
Nazca, Sula granti
Red-footed, Sula sula
BRAMBLING, Fringilla montifringilla
BRANT, Branta bernicla
BUFFLEHEAD, Bucephala albeola
BULLFINCH, Eurasian, Pyrrhula pyrrhula
Puerto Rican, Melopyrrha portoricensis
BUNTING, Blue, Cyanocompsa parellina
Gray, Emberiza variabilis
Indigo, Passerina cyanea
Lark, Calamospiza melanocorys
Lazuli, Passerina amoena
Little, Emberiza pusilla
McKay's, Plectrophenax hyperboreus
Painted, Passerina ciris
Pallas's, Emberiza pallasi
Pine, Emberiza leucocephalos
Reed, Emberiza schoeniclus
Rustic, Emberiza rustica

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Snow, Plectrophenax nivalis
Varied, Passerina versicolor
Yellow-breasted, Emberiza aureola
Yellow-browed, Emberiza chrysophrys
Yellow-throated, Emberiza elegans
BUSHTIT, Psaltriparus minimus
BUZZARD, Gray-faced, Butastur indicus
CANVASBACK, Aythya valisineria
CARACARA, Crested, Caracara cheriway
CARDINAL, Northern, Cardinalis cardinalis
CARIB, Green-throated, Eulampis holosericeus
Purple-throated, Eulampis jugularis
CATBIRD, Black, Melanoptila glabrirostris
Gray, Dumetella carolinensis
CHAFFINCH, Common, Fringilla coelebs
CHAT, Yellow-breasted, Icteria virens
CHICKADEE, Black-capped, Poecile atricapillus
Boreal, Poecile hudsonicus
Carolina, Poecile carolinensis
Chestnut-backed, Poecile rufescens
Gray-headed, Poecile cinctus
Mexican, Poecile sclateri
Mountain, Poecile gambeli

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50 CFR 10.13(c)(1)

CHIFFCHAFF, Common, Phylloscopus collybita
CHUCK-WILL'S-WIDOW, Antrostomus carolinensis
CONDOR, California, Gymnogyps californianus
COOT, American, Fulica americana
Eurasian, Fulica atra
Hawaiian, Fulica alai
CORMORANT, Brandt's, Phalacrocorax penicillatus
Double-crested, Phalacrocorax auritus
Great, Phalacrocorax carbo
Little Pied, Phalacrocorax melanoleucos
Neotropic, Phalacrocorax brasilianus
Pelagic, Phalacrocorax pelagicus
Red-faced, Phalacrocorax urile
COWBIRD, Bronzed, Molothrus aeneus
Brown-headed, Molothrus ater
Shiny, Molothrus bonariensis
CRAKE, Corn, Crex crex
Paint-billed, Neocrex erythrops
Spotless, Porzana tabuensis
Yellow-breasted, Hapalocrex flaviventer
CRANE, Common, Grus grus
Sandhill, Antigone canadensis
Whooping, Grus americana

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CREEPER, Brown, Certhia americana
Hawaii, Loxops mana
CROSSBILL, Cassia, Loxia sinesciuris
Red, Loxia curvirostra
White-winged, Loxia leucoptera
CROW, American, Corvus brachyrhynchos
Fish, Corvus ossifragus
Hawaiian, Corvus hawaiiensis
Mariana, Corvus kubaryi
Northwestern, Corvus caurinus
Tamaulipas, Corvus imparatus
White-necked, Corvus leucognaphalus
CUCKOO, Black-billed, Coccyzus erythropthalmus
Common, Cuculus canorus
Mangrove, Coccyzus minor
Oriental, Cuculus optatus
Yellow-billed, Coccyzus americanus
CURLEW, Bristle-thighed, Numenius tahitiensis
Eskimo, Numenius borealis
Eurasian, Numenius arquata
Far Eastern, Numenius madagascariensis
Little, Numenius minutus
Long-billed, Numenius americanus

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DICKCISSEL, Spiza americana
DIPPER, American, Cinclus mexicanus
DOTTEREL, Eurasian, Charadrius morinellus
DOVE, Common Ground, Columbina passerina
Inca, Columbina inca
Mourning, Zenaida macroura
Ruddy Ground, Columbina talpacoti
White-tipped, Leptotila verreauxi
White-winged, Zenaida asiatica
Zenaida, Zenaida aurita
DOVEKIE, Alle alle
DOWITCHER, Long-billed, Limnodromus scolopaceus
Short-billed, Limnodromus griseus
DUCK, American Black, Anas rubripes
Eastern Spot-billed, Anas zonorhyncha
Falcated, Mareca falcata
Harlequin, Histrionicus histrionicus
Hawaiian, Anas wyvilliana
Laysan, Anas laysanensis
Long-tailed, Clangula hyemalis
Masked, Nomonyx dominicus
Mottled, Anas fulvigula
Muscovy, Cairina moschata

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50 CFR 10.13(c)(1)

Pacific Black, Anas superciliosa
Ring-necked, Aythya collaris
Ruddy, Oxyura jamaicensis
Tufted, Aythya fuligula
Wood, Aix sponsa
DUNLIN, Calidris alpina
EAGLE, Bald, Haliaeetus leucocephalus
Golden, Aquila chrysaetos
White-tailed, Haliaeetus albicilla
EGRET, Cattle, Bubulcus ibis
Chinese, Egretta eulophotes
Great, Ardea alba
Intermediate, Ardea intermedia
Little, Egretta garzetta
Reddish, Egretta rufescens
Snowy, Egretta thula
EIDER, Common, Somateria mollissima
King, Somateria spectabilis
Spectacled, Somateria fischeri
Steller's, Polysticta stelleri
ELAENIA, Caribbean, Elaenia martinica
Greenish, Myiopagis viridicata
White-crested, Elaenia albiceps

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EMERALD, Puerto Rican, Chlorostilbon maugaeus
EUPHONIA, Antillean, Euphonia musica
FALCON, Amur, Falco amurensis
Aplomado, Falco femoralis
Peregrine, Falco peregrinus
Prairie, Falco mexicanus
Red-footed, Falco vespertinus
FIELDFARE, Turdus pilaris
FINCH, Cassin's, Haemorhous cassinii
House, Haemorhous mexicanus
Laysan, Telespiza cantans
Nihoa, Telespiza ultima
Purple, Haemorhous purpureus
FLAMINGO, American, Phoenicopterus ruber
FLICKER, Gilded, Colaptes chrysoides
Northern, Colaptes auratus
FLYCATCHER, Acadian, Empidonax virescens
Alder, Empidonax alnorum
Ash-throated, Myiarchus cinerascens
Asian Brown, Muscicapa dauurica
Brown-crested, Myiarchus tyrannulus
Buff-breasted, Empidonax fulvifrons
Cordilleran, Empidonax occidentalis

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Crowned Slaty, Empidonomus aurantioatrocristatus
Dark-sided, Muscicapa sibirica
Dusky, Empidonax oberholseri
Dusky-capped, Myiarchus tuberculifer
Fork-tailed, Tyrannus savana
Gray, Empidonax wrightii
Gray-streaked, Muscicapa griseisticta
Great Crested, Myiarchus crinitus
Hammond's, Empidonax hammondii
La Sagra's, Myiarchus sagrae
Least, Empidonax minimus
Mugimaki, Ficedula mugimaki
Narcissus, Ficedula narcissina
Nutting's, Myiarchus nuttingi
Olive-sided, Contopus cooperi
Pacific-slope, Empidonax difficilis
Pine, Empidonax affinis
Piratic, Legatus leucophaius
Puerto Rican, Myiarchus antillarum
Scissor-tailed, Tyrannus forficatus
Social, Myiozetetes similis
Spotted, Muscicapa striata
Sulphur-bellied, Myiodynastes luteiventris

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Taiga, Ficedula albicilla
Tufted, Mitrephanes phaeocercus
Variegated, Empidonomus varius
Vermilion, Pyrocephalus rubinus
Willow, Empidonax traillii
Yellow-bellied, Empidonax flaviventris
FOREST-FALCON, Collared, Micrastur semitorquatus
FRIGATEBIRD, Great, Fregata minor
Lesser, Fregata ariel
Magnificent, Fregata magnificens
FRUIT-DOVE, Crimson-crowned, Ptilinopus porphyraceus
Many-colored, Ptilinopus perousii
Mariana, Ptilinopus roseicapilla
FULMAR, Northern, Fulmarus glacialis
GADWALL, Mareca strepera
GALLINULE, Azure, Porphyrio flavirostris
Common, Gallinula galeata
Purple, Porphyrio martinicus
GANNET, Northern, Morus bassanus
GARGANEY, Spatula querquedula
GNATCATCHER, Black-capped, Polioptila nigriceps
Black-tailed, Polioptila melanura
Blue-Gray, Polioptila caerulea

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California, Polioptila californica
GODWIT, Bar-tailed, Limosa lapponica
Black-tailed, Limosa limosa
Hudsonian, Limosa haemastica
Marbled, Limosa fedoa
GOLDENEYE, Barrow's, Bucephala islandica
Common, Bucephala clangula
GOLDEN-PLOVER, American, Pluvialis dominica
European, Pluvialis apricaria
Pacific, Pluvialis fulva
GOLDFINCH, American, Spinus tristis
Lawrence's, Spinus lawrencei
Lesser, Spinus psaltria
GOOSE, Barnacle, Branta leucopsis
Cackling, Branta hutchinsii
Canada, Branta canadensis
Emperor, Anser canagicus
Greater White-fronted, Anser albifrons
Hawaiian, Branta sandvicensis
Lesser White-fronted, Anser erythropus
Pink-footed, Anser brachyrhynchus
Ross's, Anser rossii
Snow, Anser caerulescens

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GOSHAWK, Northern, Accipiter gentilis
GRACKLE, Boat-tailed, Quiscalus major
Common, Quiscalus quiscula
Greater Antillean, Quiscalus niger
Great-tailed, Quiscalus mexicanus
GRASSHOPPER-WARBLER, Middendorff's, Locustella ochotensis
GRASSQUIT, Black-faced, Melanospiza bicolor
Yellow-faced, Tiaris olivaceus
GREBE, Clark's, Aechmophorus clarkii
Eared, Podiceps nigricollis
Horned, Podiceps auritus
Least, Tachybaptus dominicus
Pied-billed, Podilymbus podiceps
Red-necked, Podiceps grisegena
Western, Aechmophorus occidentalis
GREENFINCH, Oriental, Chloris sinica
GREENSHANK, Common, Tringa nebularia
Nordmann's, Tringa guttifer
GROSBEAK, Black-headed, Pheucticus melanocephalus
Blue, Passerina caerulea
Crimson-collared, Rhodothraupis celaeno
Evening, Coccothraustes vespertinus
Pine, Pinicola enucleator

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Rose-breasted, Pheucticus ludovicianus
Yellow, Pheucticus chrysopeplus
GROUND-DOVE, Shy, Alopecoenas stairi
White-throated, Alopecoenas xanthonurus
GUILLEMOT, Black, Cepphus grylle
Pigeon, Cepphus columba
GULL, Belcher's, Larus belcheri
Black-headed, Chroicocephalus ridibundus
Black-tailed, Larus crassirostris
Bonaparte's, Chroicocephalus philadelphia
California, Larus californicus
Franklin's, Leucophaeus pipixcan
Glaucous, Larus hyperboreus
Glaucous-winged, Larus glaucescens
Gray-hooded, Chroicocephalus cirrocephalus
Great Black-backed, Larus marinus
Heermann's, Larus heermanni
Herring, Larus argentatus
Iceland, Larus glaucoides
Ivory, Pagophila eburnea
Kelp, Larus dominicanus
Laughing, Leucophaeus atricilla
Lesser Black-backed, Larus fuscus

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Little, Hydrocoloeus minutus
Mew, Larus canus
Ring-billed, Larus delawarensis
Ross's, Rhodostethia rosea
Sabine's, Xema sabini
Slaty-backed, Larus schistisagus
Swallow-tailed, Creagrus furcatus
Western, Larus occidentalis
Yellow-footed, Larus livens
Yellow-legged, Larus michahellis
GYRFALCON, Falco rusticolus
HARRIER, Northern, Circus hudsonius
HAWFINCH, Coccothraustes coccothraustes
HAWK, Broad-winged, Buteo platypterus
Common Black, Buteogallus anthracinus
Cooper's, Accipiter cooperii
Crane, Geranospiza caerulescens
Ferruginous, Buteo regalis
Gray, Buteo plagiatus
Great Black, Buteogallus urubitinga
Harris's, Parabuteo unicinctus
Hawaiian, Buteo solitarius
Red-shouldered, Buteo lineatus

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Red-tailed, Buteo jamaicensis
Roadside, Rupornis magnirostris
Rough-legged, Buteo lagopus
Sharp-shinned, Accipiter striatus
Short-tailed, Buteo brachyurus
Swainson's, Buteo swainsoni
White-tailed, Geranoaetus albicaudatus
Zone-tailed, Buteo albonotatus
HAWK-CUCKOO, Hodgson's, Hierococcyx nisicolor
HERON, Gray, Ardea cinerea
Great Blue, Ardea herodias
Green, Butorides virescens
Little Blue, Egretta caerulea
Tricolored, Egretta tricolor
HOBBY, Eurasian, Falco subbuteo
HONEYCREEPER, Laysan, Himatione fraithii
Red-legged, Cyanerpes cyaneus
HOOPOE, Eurasian, Upupa epops
HOUSE-MARTIN, Common, Delichon urbicum
HUMMINGBIRD, Allen's, Selasphorus sasin
Anna's, Calypte anna
Antillean Crested, Orthorhyncus cristatus
Berylline, Amazilia beryllina

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Black-chinned, Archilochus alexandri
Broad-billed, Cynanthus latirostris
Broad-tailed, Selasphorus platycercus
Buff-bellied, Amazilia yucatanensis
Bumblebee, Atthis heloisa
Calliope, Selasphorus calliope
Cinnamon, Amazilia rutila
Costa's, Calypte costae
Lucifer, Calothorax lucifer
Rivoli's, Eugenes fulgens
Ruby-throated, Archilochus colubris
Rufous, Selasphorus rufus
Vervain, Mellisuga minima
Violet-crowned, Amazilia violiceps
White-eared, Hylocharis leucotis
Xantus's, Hylocharis xantusii
IBIS, Glossy, Plegadis falcinellus
Scarlet, Eudocimus ruber
White, Eudocimus albus
White-faced, Plegadis chihi
’I’IWI, Drepanis coccinea
IMPERIAL-PIGEON, Pacific, Ducula pacifica
JABIRU, Jabiru mycteria

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JACANA, Northern, Jacana spinosa
JACKDAW, Eurasian, Corvus monedula
JAEGER, Long-tailed, Stercorarius longicaudus
Parasitic, Stercorarius parasiticus
Pomarine, Stercorarius pomarinus
JAY, Blue, Cyanocitta cristata
Brown, Psilorhinus morio
Canada, Perisoreus canadensis
Green, Cyanocorax yncas
Mexican, Aphelocoma wollweberi
Pinyon, Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus
Steller's, Cyanocitta stelleri
JUNCO, Dark-eyed, Junco hyemalis
Yellow-eyed, Junco phaeonotus
KĀKĀWAHIE, Paroreomyza flammea
KĀMA`O, Myadestes myadestinus
KESTREL, American, Falco sparverius
Eurasian, Falco tinnunculus
KILLDEER, Charadrius vociferus
KINGBIRD, Cassin's, Tyrannus vociferans
Couch's, Tyrannus couchii
Eastern, Tyrannus tyrannus
Gray, Tyrannus dominicensis

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Loggerhead, Tyrannus caudifasciatus
Thick-billed, Tyrannus crassirostris
Tropical, Tyrannus melancholicus
Western, Tyrannus verticalis
KINGFISHER, Amazon, Chloroceryle amazona
Belted, Megaceryle alcyon
Common, Alcedo atthis
Green, Chloroceryle americana
Guam, Todiramphus cinnamominus
Mariana, Todiramphus albicilla
Pacific, Todiramphus sacer
Ringed, Megaceryle torquata
KINGLET, Golden-crowned, Regulus satrapa
Ruby-crowned, Regulus calendula
KISKADEE, Great, Pitangus sulphuratus
KITE, Black, Milvus migrans
Double-toothed, Harpagus bidentatus
Hook-billed, Chondrohierax uncinatus
Mississippi, Ictinia mississippiensis
Snail, Rostrhamus sociabilis
Swallow-tailed, Elanoides forficatus
White-tailed, Elanus leucurus
KITTIWAKE, Black-legged, Rissa tridactyla

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Red-legged, Rissa brevirostris
KNOT, Great, Calidris tenuirostris
Red, Calidris canutus
KOEL, Long-tailed, Urodynamis taitensis
LAPWING, Northern, Vanellus vanellus
LARK, Horned, Eremophila alpestris
LIMPKIN, Aramus guarauna
LIZARD-CUCKOO, Puerto Rican, Coccyzus vieilloti
LONGSPUR, Chestnut-collared, Calcarius ornatus
Lapland, Calcarius lapponicus
McCown's, Rhynchophanes mccownii
Smith's, Calcarius pictus
LOON, Arctic, Gavia arctica
Common, Gavia immer
Pacific, Gavia pacifica
Red-throated, Gavia stellata
Yellow-billed, Gavia adamsii
MAGPIE, Black-billed, Pica hudsonia
Yellow-billed, Pica nuttalli
MALLARD, Anas platyrhynchos
MANGO, Antillean, Anthracothorax dominicus
Green, Anthracothorax viridis
Green-breasted, Anthracothorax prevostii

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MARSH-HARRIER, Eastern, Circus spilonotus
MARTIN, Brown-chested, Progne tapera
Caribbean, Progne dominicensis
Cuban, Progne cryptoleuca
Gray-breasted, Progne chalybea
Purple, Progne subis
Southern, Progne elegans
MEADOWLARK, Eastern, Sturnella magna
Western, Sturnella neglecta
MERGANSER, Common, Mergus merganser
Hooded, Lophodytes cucullatus
Red-breasted, Mergus serrator
MERLIN, Falco columbarius
MILLERBIRD, Acrocephalus familiaris
MOCKINGBIRD, Bahama, Mimus gundlachii
Blue, Melanotis caerulescens
Northern, Mimus polyglottos
MOORHEN, Common, Gallinula chloropus
MOUNTAIN-GEM, Amethyst-throated, Lampornis amethystinus
Blue-throated, Lampornis clemenciae
MURRE, Common, Uria aalge
Thick-billed, Uria lomvia
MURRELET, Ancient, Synthliboramphus antiquus

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Craveri's, Synthliboramphus craveri
Guadalupe, Synthliboramphus hypoleucus
Kittlitz's, Brachyramphus brevirostris
Long-billed, Brachyramphus perdix
Marbled, Brachyramphus marmoratus
Scripps's, Synthliboramphus scrippsi
NEEDLETAIL, White-throated, Hirundapus caudacutus
NIGHTHAWK, Antillean, Chordeiles gundlachii
Common, Chordeiles minor
Lesser, Chordeiles acutipennis
NIGHT-HERON, Black-crowned, Nycticorax nycticorax
Japanese, Gorsachius goisagi
Malayan, Gorsachius melanolophus
Rufous, Nycticorax caledonicus
Yellow-crowned, Nyctanassa violacea
NIGHTINGALE-THRUSH, Black-headed, Catharus mexicanus
Orange-billed, Catharus aurantiirostris
NIGHTJAR, Buff-collared, Antrostomus ridgwayi
Gray, Caprimulgus jotaka
Puerto Rican, Antrostomus noctitherus
White-tailed, Hydropsalis cayennensis
NODDY, Black, Anous minutus
Blue-gray, Anous ceruleus

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Brown, Anous stolidus
NUKUPU’U, Kauai, Hemignathus hanapepe
Maui, Hemignathus affinis
O’ahu, Hemignathus lucidus
NUTCRACKER, Clark's, Nucifraga columbiana
NUTHATCH, Brown-headed, Sitta pusilla
Pygmy, Sitta pygmaea
Red-breasted, Sitta canadensis
White-breasted, Sitta carolinensis
OLOMA’O, Myadestes lanaiensis
’ŌMA’O, Myadestes obscurus
ORIOLE, Altamira, Icterus gularis
Audubon's, Icterus graduacauda
Baltimore, Icterus galbula
Black-backed, Icterus abeillei
Black-vented, Icterus wagleri
Bullock's, Icterus bullockii
Hooded, Icterus cucullatus
Orchard, Icterus spurius
Puerto Rican, Icterus portoricensis
Scott's, Icterus parisorum
Streak-backed, Icterus pustulatus
OSPREY, Pandion haliaetus

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’Ō ’Ū, Psittirostra psittacea
OVENBIRD, Seiurus aurocapilla
OWL, Barn, Tyto alba
Barred, Strix varia
Boreal, Aegolius funereus
Burrowing, Athene cunicularia
Elf, Micrathene whitneyi
Flammulated, Psiloscops flammeolus
Great Gray, Strix nebulosa
Great Horned, Bubo virginianus
Long-eared, Asio otus
Mottled, Ciccaba virgata
Northern Hawk, Surnia ulula
Northern Saw-whet, Aegolius acadicus
Short-eared, Asio flammeus
Snowy, Bubo scandiacus
Spotted, Strix occidentalis
Stygian, Asio stygius
OYSTERCATCHER, American, Haematopus palliatus
Black, Haematopus bachmani
Eurasian, Haematopus ostralegus
PALILA, Loxioides bailleui
PALM-SWIFT, Antillean, Tachornis phoenicobia

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PARROTBILL, Maui, Pseudonestor xanthophrys
PARULA, Northern, Setophaga americana
Tropical, Setophaga pitiayumi
PAURAQUE, Common, Nyctidromus albicollis
PELICAN, American White, Pelecanus erythrorhynchos
Brown, Pelecanus occidentalis
PETREL, Bermuda, Pterodroma cahow
Black-capped, Pterodroma hasitata
Black-winged, Pterodroma nigripennis
Bonin, Pterodroma hypoleuca
Bulwer's, Bulweria bulwerii
Cook's, Pterodroma cookii
Fea's, Pterodroma feae
Gould's, Pterodroma leucoptera
Gray-faced, Pterodroma gouldi
Hawaiian, Pterodroma sandwichensis
Herald, Pterodroma heraldica
Jouanin's, Bulweria fallax
Juan Fernandez, Pterodroma externa
Kermadec, Pterodroma neglecta
Mottled, Pterodroma inexpectata
Murphy's, Pterodroma ultima
Parkinson's, Procellaria parkinsoni

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Phoenix, Pterodroma alba
Providence, Pterodroma solandri
Stejneger's, Pterodroma longirostris
Tahiti, Pseudobulweria rostrata
Trindade, Pterodroma arminjoniana
White-chinned, Procellaria aequinoctialis
White-necked, Pterodroma cervicalis
Zino's, Pterodroma madeira
PEWEE, Cuban, Contopus caribaeus
Greater, Contopus pertinax
Hispaniolan, Contopus hispaniolensis
Lesser Antillean, Contopus latirostris
PHAINOPEPLA, Phainopepla nitens
PHALAROPE, Red, Phalaropus fulicarius
Red-necked, Phalaropus lobatus
Wilson's, Phalaropus tricolor
PHOEBE, Black, Sayornis nigricans
Eastern, Sayornis phoebe
Say's, Sayornis saya
PIGEON, Band-tailed, Patagioenas fasciata
Plain, Patagioenas inornata
Red-billed, Patagioenas flavirostris
Scaly-naped, Patagioenas squamosa

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White-crowned, Patagioenas leucocephala
PINTAIL, Northern, Anas acuta
White-cheeked, Anas bahamensis
PIPIT, American, Anthus rubescens
Olive-backed, Anthus hodgsoni
Pechora, Anthus gustavi
Red-throated, Anthus cervinus
Sprague's, Anthus spragueii
Tree, Anthus trivialis
PLOVER, Black-bellied, Pluvialis squatarola
Collared, Charadrius collaris
Common Ringed, Charadrius hiaticula
Kentish, Charadrius alexandrinus
Little Ringed, Charadrius dubius
Mountain, Charadrius montanus
Piping, Charadrius melodus
Semipalmated, Charadrius semipalmatus
Snowy, Charadrius nivosus
Wilson's, Charadrius wilsonia
POCHARD, Baer's, Aythya baeri
Common, Aythya ferina
POND-HERON, Chinese, Ardeola bacchus
POORWILL, Common, Phalaenoptilus nuttallii

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PO’OULI, Melamprosops phaeosoma
PUAIOHI, Myadestes palmeri
PUFFIN, Atlantic, Fratercula arctica
Horned, Fratercula corniculata
Tufted, Fratercula cirrhata
PYGMY-OWL, Ferruginous, Glaucidium brasilianum
Northern, Glaucidium gnoma
PYRRHULOXIA, Cardinalis sinuatus
QUAIL-DOVE, Bridled, Geotrygon mystacea
Key West, Geotrygon chrysia
Ruddy, Geotrygon montana
QUETZAL, Eared, Euptilotis neoxenus
RAIL, Black, Laterallus jamaicensis
Buff-banded, Gallirallus philippensis
Clapper, Rallus crepitans
Guam, Gallirallus owstoni
King, Rallus elegans
Ridgway's, Rallus obsoletus
Spotted, Pardirallus maculatus
Virginia, Rallus limicola
Yellow, Coturnicops noveboracensis
RAVEN, Chihuahuan, Corvus cryptoleucus
Common, Corvus corax

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RAZORBILL, Alca torda
REDHEAD, Aythya americana
REDPOLL, Common, Acanthis flammea
Hoary, Acanthis hornemanni
REDSHANK, Common, Tringa totanus
Spotted, Tringa erythropus
REDSTART, American, Setophaga ruticilla
Common, Phoenicurus phoenicurus
Painted, Myioborus pictus
Slate-throated, Myioborus miniatus
REDWING, Turdus iliacus
REEF-HERON, Pacific, Egretta sacra
Western, Egretta gularis
ROADRUNNER, Greater, Geococcyx californianus
ROBIN, American, Turdus migratorius
European, Erithacus rubecula
Rufous-backed, Turdus rufopalliatus
Rufous-tailed, Larvivora sibilans
Siberian Blue, Larvivora cyane
ROCK-THRUSH, Blue, Monticola solitarius
ROSEFINCH, Common, Carpodacus erythrinus
Pallas's, Carpodacus roseus
ROSY-FINCH, Asian, Leucosticte arctoa

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Black, Leucosticte atrata
Brown-capped, Leucosticte australis
Gray-crowned, Leucosticte tephrocotis
RUBYTHROAT, Siberian, Calliope calliope
RUFF, Calidris pugnax
SANDERLING, Calidris alba
SANDPIPER, Baird's, Calidris bairdii
Broad-billed, Calidris falcinellus
Buff-breasted, Calidris subruficollis
Common, Actitis hypoleucos
Curlew, Calidris ferruginea
Green, Tringa ochropus
Least, Calidris minutilla
Marsh, Tringa stagnatilis
Pectoral, Calidris melanotos
Purple, Calidris maritima
Rock, Calidris ptilocnemis
Semipalmated, Calidris pusilla
Sharp-tailed, Calidris acuminata
Solitary, Tringa solitaria
Spoon-billed, Calidris pygmea
Spotted, Actitis macularius
Stilt, Calidris himantopus

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Terek, Xenus cinereus
Upland, Bartramia longicauda
Western, Calidris mauri
White-rumped, Calidris fuscicollis
Wood, Tringa glareola
SAND-PLOVER, Greater, Charadrius leschenaultii
Lesser, Charadrius mongolus
SAPSUCKER, Red-breasted, Sphyrapicus ruber
Red-naped, Sphyrapicus nuchalis
Williamson's, Sphyrapicus thyroideus
Yellow-bellied, Sphyrapicus varius
SCAUP, Greater, Aythya marila
Lesser, Aythya affinis
SCOPS-OWL, Oriental, Otus sunia
SCOTER, Black, Melanitta americana
Common, Melanitta nigra
Stejneger's, Melanitta stejnegeri
Surf, Melanitta perspicillata
White-winged, Melanitta deglandi
SCREECH-OWL, Eastern, Megascops asio
Puerto Rican, Megascops nudipes
Western, Megascops kennicottii
Whiskered, Megascops trichopsis

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SCRUB-JAY, California, Aphelocoma californica
Florida, Aphelocoma coerulescens
Island, Aphelocoma insularis
Woodhouse's, Aphelocoma woodhouseii
SEA-EAGLE, Steller's, Haliaeetus pelagicus
SEEDEATER, Morelet's, Sporophila morelleti
SHEARWATER, Audubon's, Puffinus lherminieri
Barolo, Puffinus baroli
Black-vented, Puffinus opisthomelas
Bryan's, Puffinus bryani
Buller's, Ardenna bulleri
Cape Verde, Calonectris edwardsii
Christmas, Puffinus nativitatis
Cory's, Calonectris diomedea
Flesh-footed, Ardenna carneipes
Great, Ardenna gravis
Manx, Puffinus puffinus
Newell's, Puffinus newelli
Pink-footed, Ardenna creatopus
Short-tailed, Ardenna tenuirostris
Sooty, Ardenna grisea
Streaked, Calonectris leucomelas
Wedge-tailed, Ardenna pacifica

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SHOVELER, Northern, Spatula clypeata
SHRIKE, Brown, Lanius cristatus
Loggerhead, Lanius ludovicianus
Northern, Lanius borealis
SILKY-FLYCATCHER, Gray, Ptiliogonys cinereus
SISKIN, Eurasian, Spinus spinus
Pine, Spinus pinus
SKIMMER, Black, Rynchops niger
SKUA, Great, Stercorarius skua
South Polar, Stercorarius maccormicki
SKYLARK, Eurasian, Alauda arvensis
SMEW, Mergellus albellus
SNIPE, Common, Gallinago gallinago
Jack, Lymnocryptes minimus
Pin-tailed, Gallinago stenura
Solitary, Gallinago solitaria
Swinhoe's, Gallinago megala
Wilson's, Gallinago delicata
SOLITAIRE, Brown-backed, Myadestes occidentalis
Townsend's, Myadestes townsendi
SORA, Porzana carolina
SPARROW, American Tree, Spizelloides arborea
Bachman's, Peucaea aestivalis

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Baird's, Centronyx bairdii
Bell's, Artemisiospiza belli
Black-chinned, Spizella atrogularis
Black-throated, Amphispiza bilineata
Botteri's, Peucaea botterii
Brewer's, Spizella breweri
Cassin's, Peucaea cassinii
Chipping, Spizella passerina
Clay-colored, Spizella pallida
Field, Spizella pusilla
Five-striped, Amphispiza quinquestriata
Fox, Passerella iliaca
Golden-crowned, Zonotrichia atricapilla
Grasshopper, Ammodramus savannarum
Harris's, Zonotrichia querula
Henslow's, Centronyx henslowii
Lark, Chondestes grammacus
LeConte's, Ammospiza leconteii
Lincoln's, Melospiza lincolnii
Nelson's, Ammospiza nelsoni
Olive, Arremonops rufivirgatus
Rufous-crowned, Aimophila ruficeps
Rufous-winged, Peucaea carpalis

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Sagebrush, Artemisiospiza nevadensis
Saltmarsh, Ammospiza caudacuta
Savannah, Passerculus sandwichensis
Seaside, Ammospiza maritima
Song, Melospiza melodia
Swamp, Melospiza georgiana
Vesper, Pooecetes gramineus
White-crowned, Zonotrichia leucophrys
White-throated, Zonotrichia albicollis
Worthen's, Spizella wortheni
SPARROWHAWK, Chinese, Accipiter soloensis
Japanese, Accipiter gularis
SPINDALIS, Puerto Rican, Spindalis portoricensis
Western, Spindalis zena
SPOONBILL, Roseate, Platalea ajaja
STARLING, Chestnut-cheeked, Agropsar philippensis
White-cheeked, Spodiopsar cineraceus
STARTHROAT, Plain-capped, Heliomaster constantii
STILT, Black-necked, Himantopus mexicanus
Black-winged, Himantopus himantopus
STINT, Little, Calidris minuta
Long-toed, Calidris subminuta
Red-necked, Calidris ruficollis

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Temminck's, Calidris temminckii
STONECHAT, Saxicola torquatus
STORK, Wood, Mycteria americana
STORM-PETREL, Ashy, Hydrobates homochroa
Band-rumped, Hydrobates castro
Black, Hydrobates melania
Black-bellied, Fregetta tropica
European, Hydrobates pelagicus
Fork-tailed, Hydrobates furcatus
Leach's, Hydrobates leucorhous
Least, Hydrobates microsoma
Matsudaira's, Oceanodroma matsudairae
Polynesian, Nesofregetta fuliginosa
Ringed, Hydrobates hornbyi
Swinhoe's, Hydrobates monorhis
Townsend's, Hydrobates socorroensis
Tristram's, Hydrobates tristrami
Wedge-rumped, Hydrobates tethys
White-bellied, Fregetta grallaria
White-faced, Pelagodroma marina
Wilson's, Oceanites oceanicus
SURFBIRD, Calidris virgata
SWALLOW, Bahama, Tachycineta cyaneoviridis

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Bank, Riparia riparia
Barn, Hirundo rustica
Cave, Petrochelidon fulva
Cliff, Petrochelidon pyrrhonota
Mangrove, Tachycineta albilinea
Northern Rough-winged, Stelgidopteryx serripennis
Tree, Tachycineta bicolor
Violet-green, Tachycineta thalassina
SWAMPHEN, Purple, Porphyrio porphyrio
SWAN, Trumpeter, Cygnus buccinator
Tundra, Cygnus columbianus
Whooper, Cygnus cygnus
SWIFT, Alpine, Apus melba
Black, Cypseloides niger
Chimney, Chaetura pelagica
Common, Apus apus
Fork-tailed, Apus pacificus
Short-tailed, Chaetura brachyura
Vaux's, Chaetura vauxi
White-collared, Streptoprocne zonaris
White-throated, Aeronautes saxatalis
SWIFTLET, Mariana, Aerodramus bartschi
White-rumped, Aerodramus spodiopygius

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TANAGER, Flame-colored, Piranga bidentata
Hepatic, Piranga flava
Puerto Rican, Nesospingus speculiferus
Scarlet, Piranga olivacea
Summer, Piranga rubra
Western, Piranga ludoviciana
TATTLER, Gray-tailed, Tringa brevipes
Wandering, Tringa incana
TEAL, Baikal, Sibirionetta formosa
Blue-winged, Spatula discors
Cinnamon, Spatula cyanoptera
Green-winged, Anas crecca
TERN, Aleutian, Onychoprion aleuticus
Arctic, Sterna paradisaea
Black, Chlidonias niger
Black-naped, Sterna sumatrana
Bridled, Onychoprion anaethetus
Caspian, Hydroprogne caspia
Common, Sterna hirundo
Elegant, Thalasseus elegans
Forster's, Sterna forsteri
Gray-backed, Onychoprion lunatus
Great Crested, Thalasseus bergii

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Gull-billed, Gelochelidon nilotica
Large-billed, Phaetusa simplex
Least, Sternula antillarum
Little, Sternula albifrons
Roseate, Sterna dougallii
Royal, Thalasseus maximus
Sandwich, Thalasseus sandvicensis
Sooty, Onychoprion fuscatus
Whiskered, Chlidonias hybrida
White, Gygis alba
White-winged, Chlidonias leucopterus
THRASHER, Bendire's, Toxostoma bendirei
Brown, Toxostoma rufum
California, Toxostoma redivivum
Crissal, Toxostoma crissale
Curve-billed, Toxostoma curvirostre
LeConte's, Toxostoma lecontei
Long-billed, Toxostoma longirostre
Pearly-eyed, Margarops fuscatus
Sage, Oreoscoptes montanus
THRUSH, Aztec, Ridgwayia pinicola
Bicknell's, Catharus bicknelli
Clay-colored, Turdus grayi

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Dusky, Turdus naumanni
Eyebrowed, Turdus obscurus
Gray-cheeked, Catharus minimus
Hermit, Catharus guttatus
Red-legged, Turdus plumbeus
Swainson's, Catharus ustulatus
Varied, Ixoreus naevius
White-throated, Turdus assimilis
Wood, Hylocichla mustelina
TIGER-HERON, Bare-throated, Tigrisoma mexicanum
TITMOUSE, Black-crested, Baeolophus atricristatus
Bridled, Baeolophus wollweberi
Juniper, Baeolophus ridgwayi
Oak, Baeolophus inornatus
Tufted, Baeolophus bicolor
TITYRA, Masked, Tityra semifasciata
TOWHEE, Abert's, Melozone aberti
California, Melozone crissalis
Canyon, Melozone fusca
Eastern, Pipilo erythrophthalmus
Green-tailed, Pipilo chlorurus
Spotted, Pipilo maculatus
TROGON, Elegant, Trogon elegans

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TROPICBIRD, Red-billed, Phaethon aethereus
Red-tailed, Phaethon rubricauda
White-tailed, Phaethon lepturus
TURNSTONE, Black, Arenaria melanocephala
Ruddy, Arenaria interpres
TURTLE-DOVE, Oriental, Streptopelia orientalis
VEERY, Catharus fuscescens
VERDIN, Auriparus flaviceps
VIOLETEAR, Mexican, Colibri thalassinus
VIREO, Bell's, Vireo bellii
Black-capped, Vireo atricapilla
Black-whiskered, Vireo altiloquus
Blue-headed, Vireo solitarius
Cassin's, Vireo cassinii
Cuban, Vireo gundlachii
Gray, Vireo vicinior
Hutton's, Vireo huttoni
Philadelphia, Vireo philadelphicus
Plumbeous, Vireo plumbeus
Puerto Rican, Vireo latimeri
Red-eyed, Vireo olivaceus
Thick-billed, Vireo crassirostris
Warbling, Vireo gilvus

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White-eyed, Vireo griseus
Yellow-green, Vireo flavoviridis
Yellow-throated, Vireo flavifrons
Yucatan, Vireo magister
VULTURE, Black, Coragyps atratus
Turkey, Cathartes aura
WAGTAIL, Citrine, Motacilla citreola
Eastern Yellow, Motacilla tschutschensis
Gray, Motacilla cinerea
White, Motacilla alba
WARBLER, Adelaide's, Setophaga adelaidae
Aguiguan Reed, Acrocephalus nijoi
Arctic, Phylloscopus borealis
Bachman's, Vermivora bachmanii
Bay-breasted, Setophaga castanea
Black-and-white, Mniotilta varia
Blackburnian, Setophaga fusca
Blackpoll, Setophaga striata
Black-throated Blue, Setophaga caerulescens
Black-throated Gray, Setophaga nigrescens
Black-throated Green, Setophaga virens
Blue-winged, Vermivora cyanoptera
Blyth's Reed, Acrocephalus dumetorum

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Canada, Cardellina canadensis
Cape May, Setophaga tigrina
Cerulean, Setophaga cerulea
Chestnut-sided, Setophaga pensylvanica
Colima, Leiothlypis crissalis
Connecticut, Oporornis agilis
Crescent-chested, Oreothlypis superciliosa
Dusky, Phylloscopus fuscatus
Elfin-woods, Setophaga angelae
Fan-tailed, Basileuterus lachrymosus
Golden-cheeked, Setophaga chrysoparia
Golden-crowned, Basileuterus culicivorus
Golden-winged, Vermivora chrysoptera
Grace's, Setophaga graciae
Hermit, Setophaga occidentalis
Hooded, Setophaga citrina
Kamchatka Leaf, Phylloscopus examinandus
Kentucky, Geothlypis formosa
Kirtland's, Setophaga kirtlandii
Lanceolated, Locustella lanceolata
Lucy's, Leiothlypis luciae
MacGillivray's, Geothlypis tolmiei
Magnolia, Setophaga magnolia

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Mourning, Geothlypis philadelphia
Nashville, Leiothlypis ruficapilla
Nightingale Reed, Acrocephalus luscinius
Olive, Peucedramus taeniatus
Orange-crowned, Leiothlypis celata
Pagan Reed, Acrocephalus yamashinae
Pallas's Leaf, Phylloscopus proregulus
Palm, Setophaga palmarum
Pine, Setophaga pinus
Prairie, Setophaga discolor
Prothonotary, Protonotaria citrea
Red-faced, Cardellina rubrifrons
River, Locustella fluviatilis
Rufous-capped, Basileuterus rufifrons
Saipan Reed, Acrocephalus hiwae
Sedge, Acrocephalus schoenobaenus
Swainson's, Limnothlypis swainsonii
Tennessee, Leiothlypis peregrina
Thick-billed, Arundinax aedon
Townsend's, Setophaga townsendi
Virginia's, Leiothlypis virginiae
Willow, Phylloscopus trochilus
Wilson's, Cardellina pusilla

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Wood, Phylloscopus sibilatrix
Worm-eating, Helmitheros vermivorum
Yellow, Setophaga petechia
Yellow-browed, Phylloscopus inornatus
Yellow-rumped, Setophaga coronata
Yellow-throated, Setophaga dominica
WATERTHRUSH, Louisiana, Parkesia motacilla
Northern, Parkesia noveboracensis
WAXWING, Bohemian, Bombycilla garrulus
Cedar, Bombycilla cedrorum
WHEATEAR, Northern, Oenanthe oenanthe
Pied, Oenanthe pleschanka
WHIMBREL, Numenius phaeopus
WHIP-POOR-WILL, Eastern, Antrostomus vociferus
Mexican, Antrostomus arizonae
WHISTLING-DUCK, Black-bellied, Dendrocygna autumnalis
Fulvous, Dendrocygna bicolor
West Indian, Dendrocygna arborea
WHITETHROAT, Lesser, Sylvia curruca
WIGEON, American, Mareca americana
Eurasian, Mareca penelope
WILLET, Tringa semipalmata
WOODCOCK, American, Scolopax minor

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Eurasian, Scolopax rusticola
WOODPECKER, Acorn, Melanerpes formicivorus
American Three-toed, Picoides dorsalis
Arizona, Dryobates arizonae
Black-backed, Picoides arcticus
Downy, Dryobates pubescens
Gila, Melanerpes uropygialis
Golden-fronted, Melanerpes aurifrons
Great Spotted, Dendrocopos major
Hairy, Dryobates villosus
Ivory-billed, Campephilus principalis
Ladder-backed, Dryobates scalaris
Lewis's, Melanerpes lewis
Nuttall's, Dryobates nuttallii
Pileated, Dryocopus pileatus
Puerto Rican, Melanerpes portoricensis
Red-bellied, Melanerpes carolinus
Red-cockaded, Dryobates borealis
Red-headed, Melanerpes erythrocephalus
White-headed, Dryobates albolarvatus
WOOD-PEWEE, Eastern, Contopus virens
Western, Contopus sordidulus
WOOD-RAIL, Rufous-necked, Aramides axillaris

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WOODSTAR, Bahama, Nesophlox evelynae
WREN, Bewick's, Thryomanes bewickii
Cactus, Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus
Canyon, Catherpes mexicanus
Carolina, Thryothorus ludovicianus
House, Troglodytes aedon
Marsh, Cistothorus palustris
Pacific, Troglodytes pacificus
Rock, Salpinctes obsoletus
Sedge, Cistothorus platensis
Sinaloa, Thryophilus sinaloa
Winter, Troglodytes hiemalis
WRENTIT, Chamaea fasciata
WRYNECK, Eurasian, Jynx torquilla
YELLOWLEGS, Greater, Tringa melanoleuca
Lesser, Tringa flavipes
YELLOWTHROAT, Common, Geothlypis trichas
Gray-crowned, Geothlypis poliocephala
(2) Taxonomic listing. Species are listed in phylogenetic sequence by scientific name, with the common
(English) name following the scientific name. To help clarify species relationships, we also list the
higher-level taxonomic categories of Order, Family, and Subfamily.
Order ANSERIFORMES
Family ANATIDAE
Subfamily DENDROCYGNINAE
Dendrocygna autumnalis, Black-bellied Whistling-Duck
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Dendrocygna arborea, West Indian Whistling-Duck
Dendrocygna bicolor, Fulvous Whistling-Duck
Subfamily ANSERINAE
Anser canagicus, Emperor Goose
Anser caerulescens, Snow Goose
Anser rossii, Ross's Goose
Anser albifrons, Greater White-fronted Goose
Anser erythropus, Lesser White-fronted Goose
Anser fabalis, Taiga Bean-Goose
Anser serrirostris, Tundra Bean-Goose
Anser brachyrhynchus, Pink-footed Goose
Branta bernicla, Brant
Branta leucopsis, Barnacle Goose
Branta hutchinsii, Cackling Goose
Branta canadensis, Canada Goose
Branta sandvicensis, Hawaiian Goose
Cygnus buccinator, Trumpeter Swan
Cygnus columbianus, Tundra Swan
Cygnus cygnus, Whooper Swan
Subfamily ANATINAE
Cairina moschata, Muscovy Duck
Aix sponsa, Wood Duck
Sibirionetta formosa, Baikal Teal

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Spatula querquedula, Garganey
Spatula discors, Blue-winged Teal
Spatula cyanoptera, Cinnamon Teal
Spatula clypeata, Northern Shoveler
Mareca strepera, Gadwall
Mareca falcata, Falcated Duck
Mareca penelope, Eurasian Wigeon
Mareca americana, American Wigeon
Anas laysanensis, Laysan Duck
Anas wyvilliana, Hawaiian Duck
Anas zonorhyncha, Eastern Spot-billed Duck
Anas platyrhynchos, Mallard
Anas rubripes, American Black Duck
Anas fulvigula, Mottled Duck
Anas superciliosa, Pacific Black Duck
Anas bahamensis, White-cheeked Pintail
Anas acuta, Northern Pintail
Anas crecca, Green-winged Teal
Aythya valisineria, Canvasback
Aythya americana, Redhead
Aythya ferina, Common Pochard
Aythya baeri, Baer's Pochard
Aythya collaris, Ring-necked Duck

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Aythya fuligula, Tufted Duck
Aythya marila, Greater Scaup
Aythya affinis, Lesser Scaup
Polysticta stelleri, Steller's Eider
Somateria fischeri, Spectacled Eider
Somateria spectabilis, King Eider
Somateria mollissima, Common Eider
Histrionicus histrionicus, Harlequin Duck
Melanitta perspicillata, Surf Scoter
Melanitta deglandi, White-winged Scoter
Melanitta stejnegeri, Stejneger's Scoter
Melanitta nigra, Common Scoter
Melanitta americana, Black Scoter
Clangula hyemalis, Long-tailed Duck
Bucephala albeola, Bufflehead
Bucephala clangula, Common Goldeneye
Bucephala islandica, Barrow's Goldeneye
Mergellus albellus, Smew
Lophodytes cucullatus, Hooded Merganser
Mergus merganser, Common Merganser
Mergus serrator, Red-breasted Merganser
Nomonyx dominicus, Masked Duck
Oxyura jamaicensis, Ruddy Duck

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Order PHOENICOPTERIFORMES
Family PHOENICOPTERIDAE
Phoenicopterus ruber, American Flamingo
Order PODICIPEDIFORMES
Family PODICIPEDIDAE
Tachybaptus dominicus, Least Grebe
Podilymbus podiceps, Pied-billed Grebe
Podiceps auritus, Horned Grebe
Podiceps grisegena, Red-necked Grebe
Podiceps nigricollis, Eared Grebe
Aechmophorus occidentalis, Western Grebe
Aechmophorus clarkii, Clark's Grebe
Order COLUMBIFORMES
Family COLUMBIDAE
Patagioenas squamosa, Scaly-naped Pigeon
Patagioenas leucocephala, White-crowned Pigeon
Patagioenas flavirostris, Red-billed Pigeon
Patagioenas inornata, Plain Pigeon
Patagioenas fasciata, Band-tailed Pigeon
Streptopelia orientalis, Oriental Turtle-Dove
Alopecoenas xanthonurus, White-throated Ground-Dove
Alopecoenas stairi, Shy Ground-Dove
Columbina inca, Inca Dove

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Columbina passerina, Common Ground Dove
Columbina talpacoti, Ruddy Ground Dove
Geotrygon montana, Ruddy Quail-Dove
Geotrygon chrysia, Key West Quail-Dove
Geotrygon mystacea, Bridled Quail-Dove
Leptotila verreauxi, White-tipped Dove
Zenaida asiatica, White-winged Dove
Zenaida aurita, Zenaida Dove
Zenaida macroura, Mourning Dove
Ptilinopus perousii, Many-colored Fruit-Dove
Ptilinopus porphyraceus, Crimson-crowned Fruit-Dove
Ptilinopus roseicapilla, Mariana Fruit-Dove
Ducula pacifica, Pacific Imperial-Pigeon
Order CUCULIFORMES
Family CUCULIDAE
Subfamily CROTOPHAGINAE
Crotophaga ani, Smooth-billed Ani
Crotophaga sulcirostris, Groove-billed Ani
Subfamily NEOMORPHINAE
Geococcyx californianus, Greater Roadrunner
Subfamily CUCULINAE
Urodynamis taitensis, Long-tailed Koel
Hierococcyx nisicolor, Hodgson's Hawk-Cuckoo

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Cuculus canorus, Common Cuckoo
Cuculus optatus, Oriental Cuckoo
Coccyzus americanus, Yellow-billed Cuckoo
Coccyzus minor, Mangrove Cuckoo
Coccyzus erythropthalmus, Black-billed Cuckoo
Coccyzus vieilloti, Puerto Rican Lizard-Cuckoo
Order CAPRIMULGIFORMES
Family CAPRIMULGIDAE
Subfamily CHORDEILINAE
Chordeiles acutipennis, Lesser Nighthawk
Chordeiles minor, Common Nighthawk
Chordeiles gundlachii, Antillean Nighthawk
Subfamily CAPRIMULGINAE
Nyctidromus albicollis, Common Pauraque
Phalaenoptilus nuttallii, Common Poorwill
Antrostomus carolinensis, Chuck-will's-widow
Antrostomus ridgwayi, Buff-collared Nightjar
Antrostomus vociferus, Eastern Whip-poor-will
Antrostomus arizonae, Mexican Whip-poor-will
Antrostomus noctitherus, Puerto Rican Nightjar
Hydropsalis cayennensis, White-tailed Nightjar
Caprimulgus jotaka, Gray Nightjar
Order APODIFORMES

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Family APODIDAE
Subfamily CYPSELOIDINAE
Cypseloides niger, Black Swift
Streptoprocne zonaris, White-collared Swift
Subfamily CHAETURINAE
Chaetura pelagica, Chimney Swift
Chaetura vauxi, Vaux's Swift
Chaetura brachyura, Short-tailed Swift
Hirundapus caudacutus, White-throated Needletail
Aerodramus spodiopygius, White-rumped Swiftlet
Aerodramus bartschi, Mariana Swiftlet
Subfamily APODINAE
Apus apus, Common Swift
Apus pacificus, Fork-tailed Swift
Apus melba, Alpine Swift
Aeronautes saxatalis, White-throated Swift
Tachornis phoenicobia, Antillean Palm-Swift
Family TROCHILIDAE
Subfamily TROCHILINAE
Colibri thalassinus, Mexican Violetear
Anthracothorax prevostii, Green-breasted Mango
Anthracothorax dominicus, Antillean Mango
Anthracothorax viridis, Green Mango

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Eulampis jugularis, Purple-throated Carib
Eulampis holosericeus, Green-throated Carib
Eugenes fulgens, Rivoli's Hummingbird
Heliomaster constantii, Plain-capped Starthroat
Lampornis amethystinus, Amethyst-throated Mountain-gem
Lampornis clemenciae, Blue-throated Mountain-gem
Calothorax lucifer, Lucifer Hummingbird
Archilochus colubris, Ruby-throated Hummingbird
Archilochus alexandri, Black-chinned Hummingbird
Mellisuga minima, Vervain Hummingbird
Nesophlox evelynae, Bahama Woodstar
Calypte anna, Anna's Hummingbird
Calypte costae, Costa's Hummingbird
Atthis heloisa, Bumblebee Hummingbird
Selasphorus platycercus, Broad-tailed Hummingbird
Selasphorus rufus, Rufous Hummingbird
Selasphorus sasin, Allen's Hummingbird
Selasphorus calliope, Calliope Hummingbird
Chlorostilbon maugaeus, Puerto Rican Emerald
Cynanthus latirostris, Broad-billed Hummingbird
Orthorhyncus cristatus, Antillean Crested Hummingbird
Amazilia beryllina, Berylline Hummingbird
Amazilia yucatanensis, Buff-bellied Hummingbird

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Amazilia rutila, Cinnamon Hummingbird
Amazilia violiceps, Violet-crowned Hummingbird
Hylocharis leucotis, White-eared Hummingbird
Hylocharis xantusii, Xantus's Hummingbird
Order GRUIFORMES
Family RALLIDAE
Coturnicops noveboracensis, Yellow Rail
Laterallus jamaicensis, Black Rail
Gallirallus philippensis, Buff-banded Rail
Gallirallus owstoni, Guam Rail
Crex crex, Corn Crake
Rallus obsoletus, Ridgway's Rail
Rallus crepitans, Clapper Rail
Rallus elegans, King Rail
Rallus limicola, Virginia Rail
Aramides axillaris, Rufous-necked Wood-Rail
Porzana carolina, Sora
Porzana tabuensis, Spotless Crake
Hapalocrex flaviventer, Yellow-breasted Crake
Neocrex erythrops, Paint-billed Crake
Pardirallus maculatus, Spotted Rail
Porphyrio martinicus, Purple Gallinule
Porphyrio flavirostris, Azure Gallinule

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Porphyrio porphyrio, Purple Swamphen
Gallinula galeata, Common Gallinule
Gallinula chloropus, Common Moorhen
Fulica atra, Eurasian Coot
Fulica alai, Hawaiian Coot
Fulica americana, American Coot
Family ARAMIDAE
Aramus guarauna, Limpkin
Family GRUIDAE
Subfamily GRUINAE
Antigone canadensis, Sandhill Crane
Grus grus, Common Crane
Grus americana, Whooping Crane
Order CHARADRIIFORMES
Family RECURVIROSTRIDAE
Himantopus himantopus, Black-winged Stilt
Himantopus mexicanus, Black-necked Stilt
Recurvirostra americana, American Avocet
Family HAEMATOPODIDAE
Haematopus ostralegus, Eurasian Oystercatcher
Haematopus palliatus, American Oystercatcher
Haematopus bachmani, Black Oystercatcher
Family CHARADRIIDAE

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Subfamily VANELLINAE
Vanellus vanellus, Northern Lapwing
Subfamily CHARADRIINAE
Pluvialis squatarola, Black-bellied Plover
Pluvialis apricaria, European Golden-Plover
Pluvialis dominica, American Golden-Plover
Pluvialis fulva, Pacific Golden-Plover
Charadrius morinellus, Eurasian Dotterel
Charadrius vociferus, Killdeer
Charadrius hiaticula, Common Ringed Plover
Charadrius semipalmatus, Semipalmated Plover
Charadrius melodus, Piping Plover
Charadrius dubius, Little Ringed Plover
Charadrius mongolus, Lesser Sand-Plover
Charadrius leschenaultii, Greater Sand-Plover
Charadrius wilsonia, Wilson's Plover
Charadrius collaris, Collared Plover
Charadrius montanus, Mountain Plover
Charadrius alexandrinus, Kentish Plover
Charadrius nivosus, Snowy Plover
Family JACANIDAE
Jacana spinosa, Northern Jacana
Family SCOLOPACIDAE

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Subfamily NUMENIINAE
Bartramia longicauda, Upland Sandpiper
Numenius tahitiensis, Bristle-thighed Curlew
Numenius phaeopus, Whimbrel
Numenius minutus, Little Curlew
Numenius borealis, Eskimo Curlew
Numenius americanus, Long-billed Curlew
Numenius madagascariensis, Far Eastern Curlew
Numenius arquata, Eurasian Curlew
Subfamily LIMOSINAE
Limosa lapponica, Bar-tailed Godwit
Limosa limosa, Black-tailed Godwit
Limosa haemastica, Hudsonian Godwit
Limosa fedoa, Marbled Godwit
Subfamily ARENARIINAE
Arenaria interpres, Ruddy Turnstone
Arenaria melanocephala, Black Turnstone
Calidris tenuirostris, Great Knot
Calidris canutus, Red Knot
Calidris virgata, Surfbird
Calidris pugnax, Ruff
Calidris falcinellus, Broad-billed Sandpiper
Calidris acuminata, Sharp-tailed Sandpiper

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Calidris himantopus, Stilt Sandpiper
Calidris ferruginea, Curlew Sandpiper
Calidris temminckii, Temminck's Stint
Calidris subminuta, Long-toed Stint
Calidris pygmea, Spoon-billed Sandpiper
Calidris ruficollis, Red-necked Stint
Calidris alba, Sanderling
Calidris alpina, Dunlin
Calidris ptilocnemis, Rock Sandpiper
Calidris maritima, Purple Sandpiper
Calidris bairdii, Baird's Sandpiper
Calidris minuta, Little Stint
Calidris minutilla, Least Sandpiper
Calidris fuscicollis, White-rumped Sandpiper
Calidris subruficollis, Buff-breasted Sandpiper
Calidris melanotos, Pectoral Sandpiper
Calidris pusilla, Semipalmated Sandpiper
Calidris mauri, Western Sandpiper
Subfamily SCOLOPACINAE
Limnodromus griseus, Short-billed Dowitcher
Limnodromus scolopaceus, Long-billed Dowitcher
Lymnocryptes minimus, Jack Snipe
Scolopax rusticola, Eurasian Woodcock

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Scolopax minor, American Woodcock
Gallinago solitaria, Solitary Snipe
Gallinago stenura, Pin-tailed Snipe
Gallinago megala, Swinhoe's Snipe
Gallinago gallinago, Common Snipe
Gallinago delicata, Wilson's Snipe
Subfamily TRINGINAE
Xenus cinereus, Terek Sandpiper
Actitis hypoleucos, Common Sandpiper
Actitis macularius, Spotted Sandpiper
Tringa ochropus, Green Sandpiper
Tringa solitaria, Solitary Sandpiper
Tringa brevipes, Gray-tailed Tattler
Tringa incana, Wandering Tattler
Tringa flavipes, Lesser Yellowlegs
Tringa semipalmata, Willet
Tringa erythropus, Spotted Redshank
Tringa nebularia, Common Greenshank
Tringa guttifer, Nordmann's Greenshank
Tringa melanoleuca, Greater Yellowlegs
Tringa totanus, Common Redshank
Tringa glareola, Wood Sandpiper
Tringa stagnatilis, Marsh Sandpiper

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Phalaropus tricolor, Wilson's Phalarope
Phalaropus lobatus, Red-necked Phalarope
Phalaropus fulicarius, Red Phalarope
Family STERCORARIIDAE
Stercorarius skua, Great Skua
Stercorarius maccormicki, South Polar Skua
Stercorarius pomarinus, Pomarine Jaeger
Stercorarius parasiticus, Parasitic Jaeger
Stercorarius longicaudus, Long-tailed Jaeger
Family ALCIDAE
Alle alle, Dovekie
Uria aalge, Common Murre
Uria lomvia, Thick-billed Murre
Alca torda, Razorbill
Cepphus grylle, Black Guillemot
Cepphus columba, Pigeon Guillemot
Brachyramphus perdix, Long-billed Murrelet
Brachyramphus marmoratus, Marbled Murrelet
Brachyramphus brevirostris, Kittlitz's Murrelet
Synthliboramphus scrippsi, Scripps's Murrelet
Synthliboramphus hypoleucus, Guadalupe Murrelet
Synthliboramphus craveri, Craveri's Murrelet
Synthliboramphus antiquus, Ancient Murrelet

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Ptychoramphus aleuticus, Cassin's Auklet
Aethia psittacula, Parakeet Auklet
Aethia pusilla, Least Auklet
Aethia pygmaea, Whiskered Auklet
Aethia cristatella, Crested Auklet
Cerorhinca monocerata, Rhinoceros Auklet
Fratercula arctica, Atlantic Puffin
Fratercula corniculata, Horned Puffin
Fratercula cirrhata, Tufted Puffin
Family LARIDAE
Subfamily LARINAE
Creagrus furcatus, Swallow-tailed Gull
Rissa tridactyla, Black-legged Kittiwake
Rissa brevirostris, Red-legged Kittiwake
Pagophila eburnea, Ivory Gull
Xema sabini, Sabine's Gull
Chroicocephalus philadelphia, Bonaparte's Gull
Chroicocephalus cirrocephalus, Gray-hooded Gull
Chroicocephalus ridibundus, Black-headed Gull
Hydrocoloeus minutus, Little Gull
Rhodostethia rosea, Ross's Gull
Leucophaeus atricilla, Laughing Gull
Leucophaeus pipixcan, Franklin's Gull

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Larus belcheri, Belcher's Gull
Larus crassirostris, Black-tailed Gull
Larus heermanni, Heermann's Gull
Larus canus, Mew Gull
Larus delawarensis, Ring-billed Gull
Larus occidentalis, Western Gull
Larus livens, Yellow-footed Gull
Larus californicus, California Gull
Larus argentatus, Herring Gull
Larus michahellis, Yellow-legged Gull
Larus glaucoides, Iceland Gull
Larus fuscus, Lesser Black-backed Gull
Larus schistisagus, Slaty-backed Gull
Larus glaucescens, Glaucous-winged Gull
Larus hyperboreus, Glaucous Gull
Larus marinus, Great Black-backed Gull
Larus dominicanus, Kelp Gull
Subfamily STERNINAE
Anous stolidus, Brown Noddy
Anous minutus, Black Noddy
Anous ceruleus, Blue-gray Noddy
Gygis alba, White Tern
Onychoprion fuscatus, Sooty Tern

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Onychoprion lunatus, Gray-backed Tern
Onychoprion anaethetus, Bridled Tern
Onychoprion aleuticus, Aleutian Tern
Sternula albifrons, Little Tern
Sternula antillarum, Least Tern
Phaetusa simplex, Large-billed Tern
Gelochelidon nilotica, Gull-billed Tern
Hydroprogne caspia, Caspian Tern
Chlidonias niger, Black Tern
Chlidonias leucopterus, White-winged Tern
Chlidonias hybrida, Whiskered Tern
Sterna dougallii, Roseate Tern
Sterna sumatrana, Black-naped Tern
Sterna hirundo, Common Tern
Sterna paradisaea, Arctic Tern
Sterna forsteri, Forster's Tern
Thalasseus maximus, Royal Tern
Thalasseus bergii, Great Crested Tern
Thalasseus sandvicensis, Sandwich Tern
Thalasseus elegans, Elegant Tern
Subfamily RYNCHOPINAE
Rynchops niger, Black Skimmer
Order PHAETHONTIFORMES

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Family PHAETHONTIDAE
Phaethon lepturus, White-tailed Tropicbird
Phaethon aethereus, Red-billed Tropicbird
Phaethon rubricauda, Red-tailed Tropicbird
Order GAVIIFORMES
Family GAVIIDAE
Gavia stellata, Red-throated Loon
Gavia arctica, Arctic Loon
Gavia pacifica, Pacific Loon
Gavia immer, Common Loon
Gavia adamsii, Yellow-billed Loon
Order PROCELLARIIFORMES
Family DIOMEDEIDAE
Thalassarche chlororhynchos, Yellow-nosed Albatross
Thalassarche cauta, White-capped Albatross
Thalassarche eremita, Chatham Albatross
Thalassarche salvini, Salvin's Albatross
Thalassarche melanophris, Black-browed Albatross
Phoebetria palpebrata, Light-mantled Albatross
Diomedea exulans, Wandering Albatross
Phoebastria immutabilis, Laysan Albatross
Phoebastria nigripes, Black-footed Albatross
Phoebastria albatrus, Short-tailed Albatross

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Family OCEANITIDAE
Oceanites oceanicus, Wilson's Storm-Petrel
Pelagodroma marina, White-faced Storm-Petrel
Fregetta tropica, Black-bellied Storm-Petrel
Family HYDROBATIDAE
Hydrobates pelagicus, European Storm-Petrel
Fregetta grallaria, White-bellied Storm-Petrel
Nesofregetta fuliginosa, Polynesian Storm-Petrel
Hydrobates furcatus, Fork-tailed Storm-Petrel
Hydrobates hornbyi, Ringed Storm-Petrel
Hydrobates monorhis, Swinhoe's Storm-Petrel
Hydrobates leucorhous, Leach's Storm-Petrel
Hydrobates socorroensis, Townsend's Storm-Petrel
Hydrobates homochroa, Ashy Storm-Petrel
Hydrobates castro, Band-rumped Storm-Petrel
Hydrobates tethys, Wedge-rumped Storm-Petrel
Oceanodroma matsudairae, Matsudaira's Storm-Petrel
Hydrobates melania, Black Storm-Petrel
Hydrobates tristrami, Tristram's Storm-Petrel
Hydrobates microsoma, Least Storm-Petrel
Family PROCELLARIIDAE
Fulmarus glacialis, Northern Fulmar
Pterodroma gouldi, Gray-faced Petrel

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Pterodroma solandri, Providence Petrel
Pterodroma neglecta, Kermadec Petrel
Pterodroma arminjoniana, Trindade Petrel
Pterodroma heraldica, Herald Petrel
Pterodroma ultima, Murphy's Petrel
Pterodroma inexpectata, Mottled Petrel
Pterodroma cahow, Bermuda Petrel
Pterodroma hasitata, Black-capped Petrel
Pterodroma externa, Juan Fernandez Petrel
Pterodroma sandwichensis, Hawaiian Petrel
Pterodroma cervicalis, White-necked Petrel
Pterodroma hypoleuca, Bonin Petrel
Pterodroma nigripennis, Black-winged Petrel
Pterodroma feae, Fea's Petrel
Pterodroma madeira, Zino's Petrel
Pterodroma cookii, Cook's Petrel
Pterodroma longirostris, Stejneger's Petrel
Pterodroma alba, Phoenix Petrel
Pterodroma leucoptera, Gould's Petrel
Pseudobulweria rostrata, Tahiti Petrel
Bulweria bulwerii, Bulwer's Petrel
Bulweria fallax, Jouanin's Petrel
Procellaria aequinoctialis, White-chinned Petrel

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Procellaria parkinsoni, Parkinson's Petrel
Calonectris leucomelas, Streaked Shearwater
Calonectris diomedea, Cory's Shearwater
Calonectris edwardsii, Cape Verde Shearwater
Ardenna pacifica, Wedge-tailed Shearwater
Ardenna bulleri, Buller's Shearwater
Ardenna tenuirostris, Short-tailed Shearwater
Ardenna grisea, Sooty Shearwater
Ardenna gravis, Great Shearwater
Ardenna creatopus, Pink-footed Shearwater
Ardenna carneipes, Flesh-footed Shearwater
Puffinus nativitatis, Christmas Shearwater
Puffinus puffinus, Manx Shearwater
Puffinus newelli, Newell's Shearwater
Puffinus bryani, Bryan's Shearwater
Puffinus opisthomelas, Black-vented Shearwater
Puffinus lherminieri, Audubon's Shearwater
Puffinus baroli, Barolo Shearwater
Order CICONIIFORMES
Family CICONIIDAE
Jabiru mycteria, Jabiru
Mycteria americana, Wood Stork
Order SULIFORMES

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Family FREGATIDAE
Fregata ariel, Lesser Frigatebird
Fregata magnificens, Magnificent Frigatebird
Fregata minor, Great Frigatebird
Family SULIDAE
Sula dactylatra, Masked Booby
Sula granti, Nazca Booby
Sula nebouxii, Blue-footed Booby
Sula leucogaster, Brown Booby
Sula sula, Red-footed Booby
Papasula abbotti, Abbott's Booby
Morus bassanus, Northern Gannet
Family PHALACROCORACIDAE
Phalacrocorax melanoleucos, Little Pied Cormorant
Phalacrocorax penicillatus, Brandt's Cormorant
Phalacrocorax brasilianus, Neotropic Cormorant
Phalacrocorax auritus, Double-crested Cormorant
Phalacrocorax carbo, Great Cormorant
Phalacrocorax urile, Red-faced Cormorant
Phalacrocorax pelagicus, Pelagic Cormorant
Family ANHINGIDAE
Anhinga anhinga, Anhinga
Order PELECANIFORMES

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Family PELECANIDAE
Pelecanus erythrorhynchos, American White Pelican
Pelecanus occidentalis, Brown Pelican
Family ARDEIDAE
Botaurus lentiginosus, American Bittern
Ixobrychus sinensis, Yellow Bittern
Ixobrychus exilis, Least Bittern
Ixobrychus eurhythmus, Schrenck's Bittern
Ixobrychus flavicollis, Black Bittern
Tigrisoma mexicanum, Bare-throated Tiger-Heron
Ardea herodias, Great Blue Heron
Ardea cinerea, Gray Heron
Ardea alba, Great Egret
Ardea intermedia, Intermediate Egret
Egretta eulophotes, Chinese Egret
Egretta garzetta, Little Egret
Egretta sacra, Pacific Reef-Heron
Egretta gularis, Western Reef-Heron
Egretta thula, Snowy Egret
Egretta caerulea, Little Blue Heron
Egretta tricolor, Tricolored Heron
Egretta rufescens, Reddish Egret
Bubulcus ibis, Cattle Egret

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Ardeola bacchus, Chinese Pond-Heron
Butorides virescens, Green Heron
Nycticorax nycticorax, Black-crowned Night-Heron
Nycticorax caledonicus, Rufous Night-Heron
Nyctanassa violacea, Yellow-crowned Night-Heron
Gorsachius goisagi, Japanese Night-Heron
Gorsachius melanolophus, Malayan Night-Heron
Family THRESKIORNITHIDAE
Subfamily THRESKIORNITHINAE
Eudocimus albus, White Ibis
Eudocimus ruber, Scarlet Ibis
Plegadis falcinellus, Glossy Ibis
Plegadis chihi, White-faced Ibis
Subfamily PLATALEINAE
Platalea ajaja, Roseate Spoonbill
Order CARTHARTIFORMES
Family CATHARTIDAE
Coragyps atratus, Black Vulture
Cathartes aura, Turkey Vulture
Gymnogyps californianus, California Condor
Order ACCIPITRIFORMES
Family PANDIONIDAE
Pandion haliaetus, Osprey

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Family ACCIPITRIDAE
Subfamily ELANINAE
Elanus leucurus, White-tailed Kite
Subfamily GYPAETINAE
Chondrohierax uncinatus, Hook-billed Kite
Elanoides forficatus, Swallow-tailed Kite
Subfamily ACCIPITRINAE
Aquila chrysaetos, Golden Eagle
Harpagus bidentatus, Double-toothed Kite
Circus spilonotus, Eastern Marsh-Harrier
Circus hudsonius, Northern Harrier
Accipiter soloensis, Chinese Sparrowhawk
Accipiter gularis, Japanese Sparrowhawk
Accipiter striatus, Sharp-shinned Hawk
Accipiter cooperii, Cooper's Hawk
Accipiter gentilis, Northern Goshawk
Milvus migrans, Black Kite
Haliaeetus leucocephalus, Bald Eagle
Haliaeetus albicilla, White-tailed Eagle
Haliaeetus pelagicus, Steller's Sea-Eagle
Ictinia mississippiensis, Mississippi Kite
Butastur indicus, Gray-faced Buzzard
Geranospiza caerulescens, Crane Hawk

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Rostrhamus sociabilis, Snail Kite
Buteogallus anthracinus, Common Black Hawk
Buteogallus urubitinga, Great Black Hawk
Rupornis magnirostris, Roadside Hawk
Parabuteo unicinctus, Harris's Hawk
Geranoaetus albicaudatus, White-tailed Hawk
Buteo plagiatus, Gray Hawk
Buteo lineatus, Red-shouldered Hawk
Buteo platypterus, Broad-winged Hawk
Buteo solitarius, Hawaiian Hawk
Buteo brachyurus, Short-tailed Hawk
Buteo swainsoni, Swainson's Hawk
Buteo albonotatus, Zone-tailed Hawk
Buteo jamaicensis, Red-tailed Hawk
Buteo lagopus, Rough-legged Hawk
Buteo regalis, Ferruginous Hawk
Order STRIGIFORMES
Family TYTONIDAE
Tyto alba, Barn Owl
Family STRIGIDAE
Otus sunia, Oriental Scops-Owl
Psiloscops flammeolus, Flammulated Owl
Megascops kennicottii, Western Screech-Owl

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Megascops asio, Eastern Screech-Owl
Megascops trichopsis, Whiskered Screech-Owl
Megascops nudipes, Puerto Rican Screech-Owl
Bubo virginianus, Great Horned Owl
Bubo scandiacus, Snowy Owl
Surnia ulula, Northern Hawk Owl
Glaucidium gnoma, Northern Pygmy-Owl
Glaucidium brasilianum, Ferruginous Pygmy-Owl
Micrathene whitneyi, Elf Owl
Athene cunicularia, Burrowing Owl
Ciccaba virgata, Mottled Owl
Strix occidentalis, Spotted Owl
Strix varia, Barred Owl
Strix nebulosa, Great Gray Owl
Asio otus, Long-eared Owl
Asio stygius, Stygian Owl
Asio flammeus, Short-eared Owl
Aegolius funereus, Boreal Owl
Aegolius acadicus, Northern Saw-whet Owl
Ninox japonica, Northern Boobook
Order TROGONIFORMES
Family TROGONIDAE
Subfamily TROGONINAE

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Trogon elegans, Elegant Trogon
Euptilotis neoxenus, Eared Quetzal
Order UPUPIFORMES
Family UPUPIDAE
Upupa epops, Eurasian Hoopoe
Order CORACIIFORMES
Family ALCEDINIDAE
Subfamily ALCEDININAE
Alcedo atthis, Common Kingfisher
Subfamily HALCYONINAE
Todiramphus sacer, Pacific Kingfisher
Todiramphus cinnamominus, Guam Kingfisher
Todiramphus albicilla, Mariana Kingfisher
Subfamily CERYLINAE
Megaceryle torquata, Ringed Kingfisher
Megaceryle alcyon, Belted Kingfisher
Chloroceryle amazona, Amazon Kingfisher
Chloroceryle americana, Green Kingfisher
Order PICIFORMES
Family PICIDAE
Subfamily JYNGINAE
Jynx torquilla, Eurasian Wryneck
Subfamily PICINAE

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Melanerpes lewis, Lewis's Woodpecker
Melanerpes portoricensis, Puerto Rican Woodpecker
Melanerpes erythrocephalus, Red-headed Woodpecker
Melanerpes formicivorus, Acorn Woodpecker
Melanerpes uropygialis, Gila Woodpecker
Melanerpes aurifrons, Golden-fronted Woodpecker
Melanerpes carolinus, Red-bellied Woodpecker
Sphyrapicus thyroideus, Williamson's Sapsucker
Sphyrapicus varius, Yellow-bellied Sapsucker
Sphyrapicus nuchalis, Red-naped Sapsucker
Sphyrapicus ruber, Red-breasted Sapsucker
Picoides dorsalis, American Three-toed Woodpecker
Picoides arcticus, Black-backed Woodpecker
Dendrocopos major, Great Spotted Woodpecker
Dryobates pubescens, Downy Woodpecker
Dryobates nuttallii, Nuttall's Woodpecker
Dryobates scalaris, Ladder-backed Woodpecker
Dryobates borealis, Red-cockaded Woodpecker
Dryobates villosus, Hairy Woodpecker
Dryobates albolarvatus, White-headed Woodpecker
Dryobates arizonae, Arizona Woodpecker
Colaptes auratus, Northern Flicker
Colaptes chrysoides, Gilded Flicker

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Dryocopus pileatus, Pileated Woodpecker
Campephilus principalis, Ivory-billed Woodpecker
Order FALCONIFORMES
Family FALCONIDAE
Subfamily HERPETOTHERINAE
Micrastur semitorquatus, Collared Forest-Falcon
Subfamily FALCONINAE
Caracara cheriway, Crested Caracara
Falco tinnunculus, Eurasian Kestrel
Falco sparverius, American Kestrel
Falco vespertinus, Red-footed Falcon
Falco amurensis, Amur Falcon
Falco columbarius, Merlin
Falco subbuteo, Eurasian Hobby
Falco femoralis, Aplomado Falcon
Falco rusticolus, Gyrfalcon
Falco peregrinus, Peregrine Falcon
Falco mexicanus, Prairie Falcon
Order PASSERIFORMES
Family TITYRIDAE
Tityra semifasciata, Masked Tityra
Pachyramphus major, Gray-collared Becard
Pachyramphus aglaiae, Rose-throated Becard

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Family TYRANNIDAE
Subfamily ELAENIINAE
Camptostoma imberbe, Northern Beardless-Tyrannulet
Myiopagis viridicata, Greenish Elaenia
Elaenia martinica, Caribbean Elaenia
Elaenia albiceps, White-crested Elaenia
Subfamily FLUVICOLINAE
Mitrephanes phaeocercus, Tufted Flycatcher
Contopus cooperi, Olive-sided Flycatcher
Contopus pertinax, Greater Pewee
Contopus sordidulus, Western Wood-Pewee
Contopus virens, Eastern Wood-Pewee
Contopus caribaeus, Cuban Pewee
Contopus hispaniolensis, Hispaniolan Pewee
Contopus latirostris, Lesser Antillean Pewee
Empidonax flaviventris, Yellow-bellied Flycatcher
Empidonax virescens, Acadian Flycatcher
Empidonax alnorum, Alder Flycatcher
Empidonax traillii, Willow Flycatcher
Empidonax minimus, Least Flycatcher
Empidonax hammondii, Hammond's Flycatcher
Empidonax wrightii, Gray Flycatcher
Empidonax oberholseri, Dusky Flycatcher

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Empidonax affinis, Pine Flycatcher
Empidonax difficilis, Pacific-slope Flycatcher
Empidonax occidentalis, Cordilleran Flycatcher
Empidonax fulvifrons, Buff-breasted Flycatcher
Sayornis nigricans, Black Phoebe
Sayornis phoebe, Eastern Phoebe
Sayornis saya, Say's Phoebe
Pyrocephalus rubinus, Vermilion Flycatcher
Subfamily TYRANNINAE
Myiarchus tuberculifer, Dusky-capped Flycatcher
Myiarchus cinerascens, Ash-throated Flycatcher
Myiarchus nuttingi, Nutting's Flycatcher
Myiarchus crinitus, Great Crested Flycatcher
Myiarchus tyrannulus, Brown-crested Flycatcher
Myiarchus sagrae, La Sagra's Flycatcher
Myiarchus antillarum, Puerto Rican Flycatcher
Pitangus sulphuratus, Great Kiskadee
Myiozetetes similis, Social Flycatcher
Myiodynastes luteiventris, Sulphur-bellied Flycatcher
Legatus leucophaius, Piratic Flycatcher
Empidonomus varius, Variegated Flycatcher
Empidonomus aurantioatrocristatus, Crowned Slaty Flycatcher
Tyrannus melancholicus, Tropical Kingbird

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Tyrannus couchii, Couch's Kingbird
Tyrannus vociferans, Cassin's Kingbird
Tyrannus crassirostris, Thick-billed Kingbird
Tyrannus verticalis, Western Kingbird
Tyrannus tyrannus, Eastern Kingbird
Tyrannus dominicensis, Gray Kingbird
Tyrannus caudifasciatus, Loggerhead Kingbird
Tyrannus forficatus, Scissor-tailed Flycatcher
Tyrannus savana, Fork-tailed Flycatcher
Family LANIIDAE
Lanius cristatus, Brown Shrike
Lanius ludovicianus, Loggerhead Shrike
Lanius borealis, Northern Shrike
Family VIREONIDAE
Vireo atricapilla, Black-capped Vireo
Vireo griseus, White-eyed Vireo
Vireo crassirostris, Thick-billed Vireo
Vireo latimeri, Puerto Rican Vireo
Vireo gundlachii, Cuban Vireo
Vireo bellii, Bell's Vireo
Vireo vicinior, Gray Vireo
Vireo huttoni, Hutton's Vireo
Vireo flavifrons, Yellow-throated Vireo

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Vireo cassinii, Cassin's Vireo
Vireo solitarius, Blue-headed Vireo
Vireo plumbeus, Plumbeous Vireo
Vireo philadelphicus, Philadelphia Vireo
Vireo gilvus, Warbling Vireo
Vireo olivaceus, Red-eyed Vireo
Vireo flavoviridis, Yellow-green Vireo
Vireo altiloquus, Black-whiskered Vireo
Vireo magister, Yucatan Vireo
Family CORVIDAE
Perisoreus canadensis, Canada Jay
Psilorhinus morio, Brown Jay
Cyanocorax yncas, Green Jay
Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus, Pinyon Jay
Cyanocitta stelleri, Steller's Jay
Cyanocitta cristata, Blue Jay
Aphelocoma coerulescens, Florida Scrub-Jay
Aphelocoma insularis, Island Scrub-Jay
Aphelocoma californica, California Scrub-Jay
Aphelocoma woodhouseii, Woodhouse's Scrub-Jay
Aphelocoma wollweberi, Mexican Jay
Nucifraga columbiana, Clark's Nutcracker
Pica hudsonia, Black-billed Magpie

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Pica nuttalli, Yellow-billed Magpie
Corvus monedula, Eurasian Jackdaw
Corvus kubaryi, Mariana Crow
Corvus brachyrhynchos, American Crow
Corvus caurinus, Northwestern Crow
Corvus leucognaphalus, White-necked Crow
Corvus imparatus, Tamaulipas Crow
Corvus ossifragus, Fish Crow
Corvus hawaiiensis, Hawaiian Crow
Corvus cryptoleucus, Chihuahuan Raven
Corvus corax, Common Raven
Family ALAUDIDAE
Alauda arvensis, Eurasian Skylark
Eremophila alpestris, Horned Lark
Family HIRUNDINIDAE
Subfamily HIRUNDININAE
Riparia riparia, Bank Swallow
Tachycineta bicolor, Tree Swallow
Tachycineta cyaneoviridis, Bahama Swallow
Tachycineta thalassina, Violet-green Swallow
Tachycineta albilinea, Mangrove Swallow
Stelgidopteryx serripennis, Northern Rough-winged Swallow
Progne tapera, Brown-chested Martin

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Progne dominicensis, Caribbean Martin
Progne subis, Purple Martin
Progne cryptoleuca, Cuban Martin
Progne chalybea, Gray-breasted Martin
Progne elegans, Southern Martin
Hirundo rustica, Barn Swallow
Delichon urbicum, Common House-Martin
Petrochelidon pyrrhonota, Cliff Swallow
Petrochelidon fulva, Cave Swallow
Family PARIDAE
Poecile carolinensis, Carolina Chickadee
Poecile atricapillus, Black-capped Chickadee
Poecile gambeli, Mountain Chickadee
Poecile sclateri, Mexican Chickadee
Poecile rufescens, Chestnut-backed Chickadee
Poecile hudsonicus, Boreal Chickadee
Poecile cinctus, Gray-headed Chickadee
Baeolophus wollweberi, Bridled Titmouse
Baeolophus inornatus, Oak Titmouse
Baeolophus ridgwayi, Juniper Titmouse
Baeolophus bicolor, Tufted Titmouse
Baeolophus atricristatus, Black-crested Titmouse
Family REMIZIDAE

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Auriparus flaviceps, Verdin
Family AEGITHALIDAE
Psaltriparus minimus, Bushtit
Family SITTIDAE
Subfamily SITTINAE
Sitta canadensis, Red-breasted Nuthatch
Sitta carolinensis, White-breasted Nuthatch
Sitta pygmaea, Pygmy Nuthatch
Sitta pusilla, Brown-headed Nuthatch
Family CERTHIIDAE
Subfamily CERTHIINAE
Certhia americana, Brown Creeper
Family TROGLODYTIDAE
Salpinctes obsoletus, Rock Wren
Catherpes mexicanus, Canyon Wren
Troglodytes aedon, House Wren
Troglodytes pacificus, Pacific Wren
Troglodytes hiemalis, Winter Wren
Cistothorus platensis, Sedge Wren
Cistothorus palustris, Marsh Wren
Thryothorus ludovicianus, Carolina Wren
Thryomanes bewickii, Bewick's Wren
Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus, Cactus Wren

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Thryophilus sinaloa, Sinaloa Wren
Family POLIOPTILIDAE
Polioptila caerulea, Blue-Gray Gnatcatcher
Polioptila californica, California Gnatcatcher
Polioptila melanura, Black-tailed Gnatcatcher
Polioptila nigriceps, Black-capped Gnatcatcher
Family CINCLIDAE
Cinclus mexicanus, American Dipper
Family REGULIDAE
Regulus satrapa, Golden-crowned Kinglet
Regulus calendula, Ruby-crowned Kinglet
Family PHYLLOSCOPIDAE
Phylloscopus trochilus, Willow Warbler
Phylloscopus collybita, Common Chiffchaff
Phylloscopus sibilatrix, Wood Warbler
Phylloscopus fuscatus, Dusky Warbler
Phylloscopus proregulus, Pallas's Leaf Warbler
Phylloscopus inornatus, Yellow-browed Warbler
Phylloscopus borealis, Arctic Warbler
Phylloscopus examinandus, Kamchatka Leaf Warbler
Family SYLVIIDAE
Sylvia curruca, Lesser Whitethroat
Chamaea fasciata, Wrentit

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Family ACROCEPHALIDAE
Arundinax aedon, Thick-billed Warbler
Acrocephalus luscinius, Nightingale Reed Warbler
Acrocephalus hiwae, Saipan Reed Warbler
Acrocephalus nijoi, Aguiguan Reed Warbler
Acrocephalus yamashinae, Pagan Reed Warbler
Acrocephalus familiaris, Millerbird
Acrocephalus schoenobaenus, Sedge Warbler
Acrocephalus dumetorum, Blyth's Reed Warbler
Family LOCUSTELLIDAE
Locustella ochotensis, Middendorff's Grasshopper-Warbler
Locustella fluviatilis, River Warbler
Locustella lanceolata, Lanceolated Warbler
Family MUSCICAPIDAE
Muscicapa griseisticta, Gray-streaked Flycatcher
Muscicapa dauurica, Asian Brown Flycatcher
Muscicapa striata, Spotted Flycatcher
Muscicapa sibirica, Dark-sided Flycatcher
Erithacus rubecula, European Robin
Larvivora cyane, Siberian Blue Robin
Larvivora sibilans, Rufous-tailed Robin
Cyanecula svecica, Bluethroat
Calliope calliope, Siberian Rubythroat

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Tarsiger cyanurus, Red-flanked Bluetail
Ficedula narcissina, Narcissus Flycatcher
Ficedula mugimaki, Mugimaki Flycatcher
Ficedula albicilla, Taiga Flycatcher
Phoenicurus phoenicurus, Common Redstart
Saxicola torquatus, Stonechat
Oenanthe oenanthe, Northern Wheatear
Oenanthe pleschanka, Pied Wheatear
Family TURDIDAE
Monticola solitarius, Blue Rock-Thrush
Sialia sialis, Eastern Bluebird
Sialia mexicana, Western Bluebird
Sialia currucoides, Mountain Bluebird
Myadestes townsendi, Townsend's Solitaire
Myadestes occidentalis, Brown-backed Solitaire
Myadestes myadestinus, Kāma’o
Myadestes lanaiensis, Olomao
Myadestes obscurus, Ōma’o
Myadestes palmeri, Puaiohi
Catharus aurantiirostris, Orange-billed Nightingale-Thrush
Catharus mexicanus, Black-headed Nightingale-Thrush
Catharus fuscescens, Veery
Catharus minimus, Gray-cheeked Thrush

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Catharus bicknelli, Bicknell's Thrush
Catharus ustulatus, Swainson's Thrush
Catharus guttatus, Hermit Thrush
Hylocichla mustelina, Wood Thrush
Turdus obscurus, Eyebrowed Thrush
Turdus naumanni, Dusky Thrush
Turdus pilaris, Fieldfare
Turdus iliacus, Redwing
Turdus grayi, Clay-colored Thrush
Turdus assimilis, White-throated Thrush
Turdus rufopalliatus, Rufous-backed Robin
Turdus migratorius, American Robin
Turdus plumbeus, Red-legged Thrush
Ixoreus naevius, Varied Thrush
Ridgwayia pinicola, Aztec Thrush
Family MIMIDAE
Melanotis caerulescens, Blue Mockingbird
Melanoptila glabrirostris, Black Catbird
Dumetella carolinensis, Gray Catbird
Margarops fuscatus, Pearly-eyed Thrasher
Toxostoma curvirostre, Curve-billed Thrasher
Toxostoma rufum, Brown Thrasher
Toxostoma longirostre, Long-billed Thrasher

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Toxostoma bendirei, Bendire's Thrasher
Toxostoma redivivum, California Thrasher
Toxostoma lecontei, LeConte's Thrasher
Toxostoma crissale, Crissal Thrasher
Oreoscoptes montanus, Sage Thrasher
Mimus gundlachii, Bahama Mockingbird
Mimus polyglottos, Northern Mockingbird
Family STURNIDAE
Agropsar philippensis, Chestnut-cheeked Starling
Spodiopsar cineraceus, White-cheeked Starling
Family BOMBYCILLIDAE
Bombycilla garrulus, Bohemian Waxwing
Bombycilla cedrorum, Cedar Waxwing
Family PTILIOGONATIDAE
Ptiliogonys cinereus, Gray Silky-flycatcher
Phainopepla nitens, Phainopepla
Family PEUCEDRAMIDAE
Peucedramus taeniatus, Olive Warbler
Family PRUNELLIDAE
Prunella montanella, Siberian Accentor
Family MOTACILLIDAE
Motacilla tschutschensis, Eastern Yellow Wagtail
Motacilla citreola, Citrine Wagtail

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Motacilla cinerea, Gray Wagtail
Motacilla alba, White Wagtail
Anthus trivialis, Tree Pipit
Anthus hodgsoni, Olive-backed Pipit
Anthus gustavi, Pechora Pipit
Anthus cervinus, Red-throated Pipit
Anthus rubescens, American Pipit
Anthus spragueii, Sprague's Pipit
Family FRINGILLIDAE
Subfamily FRINGILLINAE
Fringilla coelebs, Common Chaffinch
Fringilla montifringilla, Brambling
Subfamily EUPHONIINAE
Euphonia musica, Antillean Euphonia
Subfamily CARDUELINAE
Coccothraustes vespertinus, Evening Grosbeak
Coccothraustes coccothraustes, Hawfinch
Carpodacus erythrinus, Common Rosefinch
Carpodacus roseus, Pallas's Rosefinch
Melamprosops phaeosoma, Po’ouli
Oreomystis bairdi, ’Akikiki
Paroreomyza maculata, O’ahu ’Alauahio
Paroreomyza flammea,Kākāwahie

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Paroreomyza montana, Maui ’Alauahio
Loxioides bailleui, Palila
Telespiza cantans, Laysan Finch
Telespiza ultima, Nihoa Finch
Palmeria dolei, ’Akohekohe
Himatione fraithii, Laysan Honeycreeper
Himatione sanguinea, ’Apapane
Drepanis coccinea, ’I’iwi
Psittirostra psittacea, ’Ō ’ū
Pseudonestor xanthophrys, Maui Parrotbill
Hemignathus hanapepe, Kauai Nukupu’u
Hemignathus lucidus, O ’ahu Nukupu’u
Hemignathus affinis, Maui Nukupu’u
Hemignathus wilsoni, ’Akiapola’au
Akialoa stejnegeri, Kauai ’Akialoa
Akialoa ellisiana, O’ahu ’Akialoa
Akialoa lanaiensis, Maui Nui ’Akialoa
Magumma parva, ’Anianiau
Chlorodrepanis virens, Hawaii’Amakihi
Chlorodrepanis flava, O’ahu ’Amakihi
Chlorodrepanis stejnegeri, Kauai ’Amakihi
Loxops mana, Hawaii Creeper
Loxops caeruleirostris, ’Akeke’e

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Loxops wolstenholmei, O’ahu ’Akepa
Loxops ochraceus, Maui ’Akepa
Loxops coccineus, Hawaii ’Akepa
Pinicola enucleator, Pine Grosbeak
Pyrrhula pyrrhula, Eurasian Bullfinch
Leucosticte arctoa, Asian Rosy-Finch
Leucosticte tephrocotis, Gray-crowned Rosy-Finch
Leucosticte atrata, Black Rosy-Finch
Leucosticte australis, Brown-capped Rosy-Finch
Haemorhous mexicanus, House Finch
Haemorhous purpureus, Purple Finch
Haemorhous cassinii, Cassin's Finch
Chloris sinica, Oriental Greenfinch
Acanthis flammea, Common Redpoll
Acanthis hornemanni, Hoary Redpoll
Loxia curvirostra, Red Crossbill
Loxia sinesciuris, Cassia Crossbill
Loxia leucoptera, White-winged Crossbill
Spinus spinus, Eurasian Siskin
Spinus pinus, Pine Siskin
Spinus psaltria, Lesser Goldfinch
Spinus lawrencei, Lawrence's Goldfinch
Spinus tristis, American Goldfinch

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Family CALCARIIDAE
Calcarius lapponicus, Lapland Longspur
Calcarius ornatus, Chestnut-collared Longspur
Calcarius pictus, Smith's Longspur
Rhynchophanes mccownii, McCown's Longspur
Plectrophenax nivalis, Snow Bunting
Plectrophenax hyperboreus, McKay's Bunting
Family EMBERIZIDAE
Emberiza leucocephalos, Pine Bunting
Emberiza chrysophrys, Yellow-browed Bunting
Emberiza pusilla, Little Bunting
Emberiza rustica, Rustic Bunting
Emberiza elegans, Yellow-throated Bunting
Emberiza aureola, Yellow-breasted Bunting
Emberiza variabilis, Gray Bunting
Emberiza pallasi, Pallas's Bunting
Emberiza schoeniclus, Reed Bunting
Family PASSERELLIDAE
Peucaea carpalis, Rufous-winged Sparrow
Peucaea botterii, Botteri's Sparrow
Peucaea cassinii, Cassin's Sparrow
Peucaea aestivalis, Bachman's Sparrow
Ammodramus savannarum, Grasshopper Sparrow

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Arremonops rufivirgatus, Olive Sparrow
Amphispiza quinquestriata, Five-striped Sparrow
Amphispiza bilineata, Black-throated Sparrow
Chondestes grammacus, Lark Sparrow
Calamospiza melanocorys, Lark Bunting
Spizella passerina, Chipping Sparrow
Spizella pallida, Clay-colored Sparrow
Spizella atrogularis, Black-chinned Sparrow
Spizella pusilla, Field Sparrow
Spizella breweri, Brewer's Sparrow
Spizella wortheni, Worthen's Sparrow
Passerella iliaca, Fox Sparrow
Spizelloides arborea, American Tree Sparrow
Junco hyemalis, Dark-eyed Junco
Junco phaeonotus, Yellow-eyed Junco
Zonotrichia leucophrys, White-crowned Sparrow
Zonotrichia atricapilla, Golden-crowned Sparrow
Zonotrichia querula, Harris's Sparrow
Zonotrichia albicollis, White-throated Sparrow
Artemisiospiza nevadensis, Sagebrush Sparrow
Artemisiospiza belli, Bell's Sparrow
Pooecetes gramineus, Vesper Sparrow
Ammospiza leconteii, LeConte's Sparrow

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Ammospiza maritima, Seaside Sparrow
Ammospiza nelsoni, Nelson's Sparrow
Ammospiza caudacuta, Saltmarsh Sparrow
Centronyx bairdii, Baird's Sparrow
Centronyx henslowii, Henslow's Sparrow
Passerculus sandwichensis, Savannah Sparrow
Melospiza melodia, Song Sparrow
Melospiza lincolnii, Lincoln's Sparrow
Melospiza georgiana, Swamp Sparrow
Melozone fusca, Canyon Towhee
Melozone aberti, Abert's Towhee
Melozone crissalis, California Towhee
Aimophila ruficeps, Rufous-crowned Sparrow
Pipilo chlorurus, Green-tailed Towhee
Pipilo maculatus, Spotted Towhee
Pipilo erythrophthalmus, Eastern Towhee
Family NESOSPINGIDAE
Nesospingus speculiferus, Puerto Rican Tanager
Family SPINDALIDAE
Spindalis zena, Western Spindalis
Spindalis portoricensis, Puerto Rican Spindalis
Family ICTERIIDAE
Icteria virens, Yellow-breasted Chat

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Family ICTERIDAE
Subfamily XANTHOCEPHALINAE
Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus, Yellow-headed Blackbird
Subfamily DOLICHONYCHINAE
Dolichonyx oryzivorus, Bobolink
Subfamily STURNELLINAE
Sturnella magna, Eastern Meadowlark
Sturnella neglecta, Western Meadowlark
Subfamily ICTERINAE
Icterus portoricensis, Puerto Rican Oriole
Icterus wagleri, Black-vented Oriole
Icterus spurius, Orchard Oriole
Icterus cucullatus, Hooded Oriole
Icterus pustulatus, Streak-backed Oriole
Icterus bullockii, Bullock's Oriole
Icterus gularis, Altamira Oriole
Icterus graduacauda, Audubon's Oriole
Icterus galbula, Baltimore Oriole
Icterus abeillei, Black-backed Oriole
Icterus parisorum, Scott's Oriole
Subfamily AGELAIINAE
Agelaius phoeniceus, Red-winged Blackbird
Agelaius tricolor, Tricolored Blackbird

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50 CFR 10.13(c)(2)

Agelaius humeralis, Tawny-shouldered Blackbird
Agelaius xanthomus, Yellow-shouldered Blackbird
Molothrus bonariensis, Shiny Cowbird
Molothrus aeneus, Bronzed Cowbird
Molothrus ater, Brown-headed Cowbird
Euphagus carolinus, Rusty Blackbird
Euphagus cyanocephalus, Brewer's Blackbird
Quiscalus quiscula, Common Grackle
Quiscalus major, Boat-tailed Grackle
Quiscalus mexicanus, Great-tailed Grackle
Quiscalus niger, Greater Antillean Grackle
Family PARULIDAE
Seiurus aurocapilla, Ovenbird
Helmitheros vermivorum, Worm-eating Warbler
Parkesia motacilla, Louisiana Waterthrush
Parkesia noveboracensis, Northern Waterthrush
Vermivora bachmanii, Bachman's Warbler
Vermivora chrysoptera, Golden-winged Warbler
Vermivora cyanoptera, Blue-winged Warbler
Mniotilta varia, Black-and-white Warbler
Protonotaria citrea, Prothonotary Warbler
Limnothlypis swainsonii, Swainson's Warbler
Oreothlypis superciliosa, Crescent-chested Warbler

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50 CFR 10.13(c)(2)

Leiothlypis peregrina, Tennessee Warbler
Leiothlypis celata, Orange-crowned Warbler
Leiothlypis crissalis, Colima Warbler
Leiothlypis luciae, Lucy's Warbler
Leiothlypis ruficapilla, Nashville Warbler
Leiothlypis virginiae, Virginia's Warbler
Oporornis agilis, Connecticut Warbler
Geothlypis poliocephala, Gray-crowned Yellowthroat
Geothlypis tolmiei, MacGillivray's Warbler
Geothlypis philadelphia, Mourning Warbler
Geothlypis formosa, Kentucky Warbler
Geothlypis trichas, Common Yellowthroat
Setophaga angelae, Elfin-woods Warbler
Setophaga citrina, Hooded Warbler
Setophaga ruticilla, American Redstart
Setophaga kirtlandii, Kirtland's Warbler
Setophaga tigrina, Cape May Warbler
Setophaga cerulea, Cerulean Warbler
Setophaga americana, Northern Parula
Setophaga pitiayumi, Tropical Parula
Setophaga magnolia, Magnolia Warbler
Setophaga castanea, Bay-breasted Warbler
Setophaga fusca, Blackburnian Warbler

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50 CFR 10.13(c)(2)

Setophaga petechia, Yellow Warbler
Setophaga pensylvanica, Chestnut-sided Warbler
Setophaga striata, Blackpoll Warbler
Setophaga caerulescens, Black-throated Blue Warbler
Setophaga palmarum, Palm Warbler
Setophaga pinus, Pine Warbler
Setophaga coronata, Yellow-rumped Warbler
Setophaga dominica, Yellow-throated Warbler
Setophaga discolor, Prairie Warbler
Setophaga adelaidae, Adelaide's Warbler
Setophaga graciae, Grace's Warbler
Setophaga nigrescens, Black-throated Gray Warbler
Setophaga townsendi, Townsend's Warbler
Setophaga occidentalis, Hermit Warbler
Setophaga chrysoparia, Golden-cheeked Warbler
Setophaga virens, Black-throated Green Warbler
Basileuterus lachrymosus, Fan-tailed Warbler
Basileuterus rufifrons, Rufous-capped Warbler
Basileuterus culicivorus, Golden-crowned Warbler
Cardellina canadensis, Canada Warbler
Cardellina pusilla, Wilson's Warbler
Cardellina rubrifrons, Red-faced Warbler
Myioborus pictus, Painted Redstart

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Myioborus miniatus, Slate-throated Redstart
Family CARDINALIDAE
Piranga flava, Hepatic Tanager
Piranga rubra, Summer Tanager
Piranga olivacea, Scarlet Tanager
Piranga ludoviciana, Western Tanager
Piranga bidentata, Flame-colored Tanager
Rhodothraupis celaeno, Crimson-collared Grosbeak
Cardinalis cardinalis, Northern Cardinal
Cardinalis sinuatus, Pyrrhuloxia
Pheucticus chrysopeplus, Yellow Grosbeak
Pheucticus ludovicianus, Rose-breasted Grosbeak
Pheucticus melanocephalus, Black-headed Grosbeak
Cyanocompsa parellina, Blue Bunting
Passerina caerulea, Blue Grosbeak
Passerina amoena, Lazuli Bunting
Passerina cyanea, Indigo Bunting
Passerina versicolor, Varied Bunting
Passerina ciris, Painted Bunting
Spiza americana, Dickcissel
Family THRAUPIDAE
Subfamily DACNINAE
Cyanerpes cyaneus, Red-legged Honeycreeper

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50 CFR 10.21

Subfamily COEREBINAE
Coereba flaveola, Bananaquit
Tiaris olivaceus, Yellow-faced Grassquit
Melanospiza bicolor, Black-faced Grassquit
Melopyrrha portoricensis, Puerto Rican Bullfinch
Subfamily SPOROPHILINAE
Sporophila morelleti, Morelet's Seedeater
[78 FR 65850, Nov. 1, 2013, as amended at 85 FR 21290, Apr. 16, 2020]

Subpart C - Addresses
§ 10.21 Director.
(a) Mail forwarded to the Director for law enforcement purposes should be addressed to Chief, Office of Law
Enforcement, at the address provided at 50 CFR 2.1(b).
(b) Mail sent to the Director regarding permits for the Convention on International Trade in Endangered
Species of Wild Fauna and Fauna (CITES), injurious wildlife, Wild Bird Conservation Act species,
international movement of all ESA-listed endangered or threatened species, and scientific research on,
exhibition of, or interstate commerce in nonnative ESA-listed endangered and threatened species should
be addressed to: Director, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, (Attention: Division of Management Authority), at
the address provided for the Division of Management Authority at 50 CFR 2.1(b). Address mail for the
following permits to the Regional Director. In the address include one of the following: for import/export
licenses and exception to designated port permits (Attention: Import/export license); for native
endangered and threatened species (Attention: Endangered/threatened species permit); and for migratory
birds and eagles (Attention: Migratory bird permit office). You can find addresses for regional offices at 50
CFR 2.2.
[55 FR 48851, Nov. 23, 1990, as amended at 63 FR 52633, Oct. 1, 1998; 80 FR 26467, May 8, 2015]

§ 10.22 Law enforcement offices.
(a) Service law enforcement offices are located in Service regional offices. Regional office addresses are
provided at 50 CFR 2.2. Mail should be addressed to “Special Agent in Charge, Office of Law Enforcement,
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service” at the appropriate regional office address. Telephone numbers for Service
law enforcement offices follow:

Region
1
50 CFR 10.22(a) (enhanced display)

Law enforcement
office telephone
number
503-231-6125
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Region

50 CFR 10.22(b)

Law enforcement
office telephone
number

2

505-248-7889

3

612-713-5320

4

404-679-7057

5

413-253-8274

6

303-236-7540

7

907-786-3311

8

916-414-6660

(b) Any resident or official of a foreign country may contact the Service's Headquarters Office of Law
Enforcement at the address provided at 50 CFR 2.1(b) or by telephone at 703-358-1949.
[78 FR 35151, June 12, 2013, as amended at 79 FR 43964, July 29, 2014]

50 CFR 10.22(b) (enhanced display)

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