2023 LEMAS Post-Academy Training and Officer Wellness Su

2023 LEMAS PATOW (Post-Academy Training and Officer Wellness) Survey

Section 1: Agency Information
1. Enter the number of full-time and part-time paid agency employees for the pay period that included December 31,
2022. If none, enter '0'.
▪ Count employees who were regularly scheduled to work less than 35 hours per week as part-time.
Pay period that included December 31, 2022:
a. Sworn personnel with general arrest powers
b. Sworn personnel with limited or no arrest powers (e.g., jail or
correctional deputies)
c. Non-sworn/civilian personnel
d. Total number of employees (sum of rows a, b, and c)

Full-time

Part-time

2. Enter your agency's total operating budget for the fiscal year that included December 31, 2022.
▪ Include jail administration costs.
▪ Do NOT include building construction costs or major equipment purchases.
▪ If the budget is not available, provide an estimate and check the box below.
Operating Budget:

$

,

,

.00

Please mark if this figure is an estimate 

Section 2: Post-Academy Training Characteristics
INSTRUCTIONS: For purposes of this survey, “post-academy training” is defined as law enforcement training provided
to full-time sworn personnel with general arrest powers at any point in their career following any recruit/field training.
To qualify as “post-academy” training, expenses for the training should be approved or provided by your agency (e.g.,
paid by the agency, course registration approved by the agency). Training can be in-person or web-based distance
learning.
“Post-academy training” includes:
▪ Mandatory training required to maintain officer certification or licensure.
▪ Mandatory training required by law or other mandate (e.g., state or local legislation, judicial ruling, consent
decree, or collaborative reform).
▪ Promotional training provided by your agency.
▪ Elective training provided by your agency beyond requirements of the law.
▪ Elective or mandatory training provided by other law enforcement, state, or federal agencies beyond the
requirement of law.
Do NOT include any training:
▪ Associated with basic academy training or field training programs for new officers or deputies.
▪ Used in lieu or as part of disciplinary action.
3. Enter your agency’s total budget for post-academy training for the fiscal year that included December 31, 2022.
▪ Include staff salaries and overtime.
▪ Do NOT include building construction costs, major equipment purchases, and grants.
▪ If the post-academy training budget is unavailable or cannot be separated from the total training budget
including academy and field training, provide an estimate and check the box below.
Post-academy training budget:

$

,

,

Please mark if this figure is an estimate 
1

.00

2023 LEMAS PATOW (Post-Academy Training and Officer Wellness) Survey

FOR THE REMAINDER OF THIS SURVEY, WHEN YOU SEE ‘CALENDAR YEAR 2022’ OR
‘IN 2022’, PLEASE CONSIDER JANUARY 1 THROUGH DECEMBER 31, 2022.
4. In the calendar year 2022, did your agency …
Yes

No

Provide any post-academy training to your agency’s full-time sworn personnel
using trainers employed or contracted by your agency?
Provide any post-academy training to full-time sworn personnel from an
outside agency?
Send full-time sworn personnel to participate in training provided by an
outside agency or organization?
5. Enter the minimum annual number of post-academy training hours that were required for your agency’s full-time
sworn personnel as of December 31, 2022. If no training was required, enter ‘0’.
Hours
a. Hours mandated by State Peace Officer Standards and Training (POST) or state law
b. Hours mandated by local (e.g., county, city) law
c. Additional training hours required, but not mandated by law
d. Total hours of training (sum of rows a, b, and c)
6. In 2022, did your agency have specific training available in the event of a promotion or assignment to any of the
positions listed below? Indicate yes or no for each row. If the position did not exist in 2022, select N/A.
Yes

No

N/A

Chief executive
Intermediate supervisor (below chief executive and above
sergeant or first-line supervisor)
Sergeant or equivalent first-line supervisor
Detective, violent crime
Detective, property crime
7. Did your agency authorize or provide any of the following for full-time sworn personnel in 2022? Indicate yes or no
for each row.
Yes
College tuition reimbursement
Education incentive pay
Flexible hours to attend college
Flexible hours to attend law enforcement conferences
Special skills proficiency pay

2

No

2023 LEMAS PATOW (Post-Academy Training and Officer Wellness) Survey

Section 3: Providers of Post-Academy Training
8. For post-academy training that occurred in 2022 (that is, January 1 through December 31, 2022), how many of the
total number of personnel serving as trainers or instructors worked full-time or part-time in each category shown
below?
▪ Full-time trainers or instructors are those regularly scheduled for 35 hours or more per week for the purpose of
preparing and/or delivering training content.
▪ Please report each trainer or instructor only once.
▪ If there were either no full-time or no part-time trainers or instructors, enter 0 in the row for the appropriate group.
Full-time trainers
or instructors

Part-time trainers
or instructors

Sworn personnel employed by your agency
Retired law enforcement personnel employed by your agency
Non-sworn/civilian personnel employed by your agency
Sworn personnel NOT employed by your agency
Retired law enforcement personnel NOT employed by your agency
Non-sworn/civilian personnel NOT employed by your agency
9. In 2022, what was the minimum education requirement for your agency’s full-time post-academy trainers or
instructors? Please select only one answer. Select “Not applicable” if your agency did not have full-time or part-time
trainers or instructors in 2022.
o Graduate degree required
o Bachelor’s degree required
o Associates degree required
o Some college but no college degree required
o High school diploma or equivalent required
o No minimum education requirement for our instructors
o Not applicable – There was no formal education requirement
10. In 2022, what was the minimum number of years of law enforcement experience required for your agency’s fulltime post-academy trainers or instructors? If there was no minimum requirement, enter 0.
________
11. In 2022, were any of the following certifications required for full-time post-academy trainers or instructors used by
your agency? Indicate yes or no for each row.
Yes
Academy/instructor certification
State Peace Officer Standards and Training (POST) or State certification
Subject matter or specialty certification (e.g., firearms certified, driving
certified, first aid certified, etc.)
Other (Please specify) ___________________

3

No

2023 LEMAS PATOW (Post-Academy Training and Officer Wellness) Survey
12. In 2022, were any of the following methods used to evaluate the performance of full-time post-academy trainers or
instructors? Indicate yes or no for each row.
Yes
No
Peer evaluations (i.e., evaluated by other training personnel)
Student feedback/evaluations
Supervisory evaluation
Other (Please specify) ___________________

Section 4: Post-Academy Training Content
INSTRUCTION: You will now be asked about three specific topic areas of post-academy training. Please consider any
post-academy training for full-time sworn personnel provided by your agency in calendar year 2022. We understand
that these categories may not reflect your course titles and the list is not comprehensive. Please give us your best
estimates, even if a topic was integrated throughout the curriculum.

Section 4a: Use of Force Continuum / Situational Use of Force
DEFINITION: For the following questions, training on use of force continuum/situational use of force means formal
instruction on how much force may be used against a resisting subject in a given situation.
13. Was post-academy training on use of force continuum/situational use of force mandatory, optional, or not provided
in 2022 to full-time sworn personnel with general arrest powers?
▪ Include training regardless of who provided it (e.g., by your agency, by an outside agency).
▪ If the training had an initial mandatory component with additional option components, classify it as mandatory.
▪ Do NOT include brief self-paced readings on topic areas throughout the year.
▪ If training requirements differed by department, enter information for the main or general department only.
o Mandatory for all full-time sworn personnel
o Optional or mandatory only for some full-time sworn offices
o Not provided in 2022 → SKIP to Question 22
14. In 2022, what was the minimum number of hours required for the training on use of force continuum/situational use
of force provided to full-time sworn personnel with general arrest powers?
________
15. In 2022, did your agency use any personnel from the following agencies/organizations to provide the training within
your agency on use of force continuum/situational use of force? Indicate yes or no for each row.
Yes
No
Personnel (sworn or non-sworn/civilian) employed by your agency
Outside law enforcement agency
Other state or local government
State POST
Federal government
Colleges or universities
For-profit organizations (e.g., businesses, corporations, LLCs)
Non-profit organizations (e.g., NGOs, philanthropies)
Other (please specify) ________________

4

2023 LEMAS PATOW (Post-Academy Training and Officer Wellness) Survey
16. In 2022, were any of the following methods used in the training of use of force continuum/situational use of force?
Indicate yes or no for each row.
Yes
No
In-person classroom lecture
In-person group activities
Pre-recorded video, lecture, or presentations
Real-time, distance-based learning (e.g., video conference or webinar)
Roll-call training
Scenario-based exercises, live action (e.g., role playing or simulated events with trainers)
Scenario-based exercises, technology-based simulations (e.g., virtual reality; FATS)
Written or interactive web-based distance learning
17. In 2022, did your agency use any of the following metrics to measure successful completion of the post-academy
training on use of force continuum/situational use of force? Indicate yes or no for each row.
Yes

No

Attendance
Knowledge-based test
Satisfaction or feedback survey
Skills-based test
18. In 2022, did your agency use any of the following data to examine the effectiveness of the training on use of force
continuum/situational use of force? Indicate yes or no for each row.
Data Source
Arrest data
Body-worn camera footage
Calls for service data
Civilian complaints
Community feedback surveys
Crime or incident data
Follow-up surveys with participants (e.g., weeks or months after training)
Officer observations
Use of force incidents
Other (Please specify) ___________________

5

Yes

No

2023 LEMAS PATOW (Post-Academy Training and Officer Wellness) Survey
19. For which of the following reasons was use of force continuum/situational use of force training provided to full-time
sworn personnel in 2022? Indicate yes or no for each row.
Yes

No

Agency accreditation requirements
Community input or recommendations (e.g., advisory board, commission
reports, conversations with the community
Consent decree
Grant requirements
Internal agency decision by chief executive and command staff
Judicial ruling
Law enforcement advisory board input or recommendation
State or local legislative requirement
State- or POST- commission standard or requirement
Other (Please specify) ___________________
20. Going forward, how often do you plan to offer refresher training on use of force continuum/situational use of force?
o Two or more times per year
o Once a year
o Once every 2 years
o Once every 3 or more years
o Ad-hoc (e.g., as needed but no fixed time interval)
o Not repeated (e.g., single training with no refresher)
21. In 2022, did your post-academy training provide any instruction on how to identify or respond to potential excessive
force used by other officers or deputies?
o Yes
o No

→ SKIP TO QUESTION 26.

6

2023 LEMAS PATOW (Post-Academy Training and Officer Wellness) Survey

ANSWER QUESTIONS 22-25 IF TRAINING ON USE OF FORCE CONTINUUM/ SITUATIONAL
USE OF FORCE WAS NOT PROVIDED TO FULL-TIME SWORN PERSONNEL IN 2022.
22. What are the reasons that your agency did not provide training on use of force continuum/situational use of force in
2022? Indicate yes or no for each row.
Yes

No

Already provided in basic academy or field training
Already provided in post-academy training before 2022
Cost of implementing training too high
COVID-related health restrictions, no alternative training model available
Insufficient staffing/inability to take sworn personnel off assignment
Lack of appropriate course
Lack of appropriate facilities or equipment
Lack of budget or financial support
Lack of qualified trainers
No perceived need for the training
Other (Please specify) ___________________
23. Did your agency provide training on use of force continuum/situational use of force at any time after December 31
2022?
o Yes
o No → SKIP to Question 26
24. How likely is your agency to provide use of force continuum/situational use of force training in the next 12 months?
o Very likely
o Somewhat Likely
o Somewhat Unlikely
o Very unlikely
o Unsure / Don’t know
25. What factors will determine whether your agency will provide use of force continuum/situational use of force
training in the next 12 months? If provided since 2022, please respond as to the factors which led to the most recent
training being offered. Indicate yes or no for each row.
Yes
Ability to find appropriate course
Ability to find qualified trainers
Availability of funding
Directive from your agency’s Chief executive (chief, sheriff, director, or agency head)
Free or low-cost training
Guidance or directive from local government
Guidance or directive from state government
Guidance or directive from federal government
Improved officer availability
Public expectations
Requirement of accreditation
Other (Please specify) ___________________

7

No

2023 LEMAS PATOW (Post-Academy Training and Officer Wellness) Survey

Section 4b: Peer Intervention Programs
DEFINITION: For the following questions, training on peer intervention programs means guidance or instruction onskills
and/or strategies for intervening and speaking up when a colleague is engaged in misconduct or about to make a
mistake that could negatively impact the officer, their family, their career, the agency’s relationship with the
community, or the community itself.
26. Was post-academy training on peer intervention programs mandatory, optional, or not provided in 2022 to full-time
sworn personnel with general arrest powers?
▪ Include training regardless of how it was provided (e.g., by your agency, by an outside agency).
▪ If the training had an initial mandatory component with additional option components, classify it as
mandatory.
▪ Do NOT include brief self-paced readings on topic areas throughout the year.
▪ If training requirements differed by department, enter information for the main or general department only.

o
o
o

Mandatory for all full-time sworn personnel
Optional or mandatory only for some full-time sworn personnel
Not provided in 2022 → SKIP to Question 34

27. In 2022, what was the minimum number of hours required for the training on peer intervention programs provided
to full-time sworn personnel with general arrest powers?
______
28. In 2022, did your agency use any personnel from the following agencies/organizations to provide training within your
agency on peer intervention programs? Indicate yes or no for each row.
Yes

No

Personnel (sworn or non-sworn/civilian) employed by your agency
Outside law enforcement agency
Other state or local government
Federal government
Colleges or universities
For-profit organizations (e.g., businesses, corporations, LLCs)
Non-profit organizations (e.g., NGOs, philanthropies)
Other (please specify) ________________
29. In 2022, were any of the following methods used in the training of peer intervention programs? Indicate yes or no for
each row.
Yes
In-person classroom lecture
In-person group activities
Pre-recorded video, lecture, or presentations
Real-time, distance-based learning (e.g., video conference or webinar)
Roll-call training
Scenario-based exercises, live action (e.g., role playing or simulated events with trainers)
Scenario-based exercises, technology-based simulations (e.g., virtual reality; FATS)
Written or interactive web-based distance learning

8

No

2023 LEMAS PATOW (Post-Academy Training and Officer Wellness) Survey
30. In 2022, did your agency use any of the following metrics to measure successful completion of post-academy training
on peer intervention programs? Indicate yes or no for each row.
Yes

No

Attendance
Knowledge-based test
Satisfaction or feedback survey
Skills-based test
31. In 2022, did your agency use any of the following data as evidence on the effectiveness of the training on peer
intervention programs? Indicate yes or no for each row.
Data Source

Yes

No

Arrest data
Body-worn camera footage
Calls for service data
Civilian complaints
Community feedback surveys
Crime or incident data
Follow-up surveys with participants (e.g., weeks or months after
training)
Officer observations
Reported instances of peer interventions
Use of force incidents
Other (Please specify) ___________________
32. For which of the following reasons was training on peer intervention programs provided to full-time sworn personnel
in 2022? Indicate yes or no for each row.
Yes
Agency accreditation requirements
Community input or recommendations (e.g., advisory board,
commission reports, conversations with the community
Consent decree
Grant requirements
Internal agency decision by chief executive and command staff
Judicial ruling
Law enforcement advisory board input or recommendation
State or local legislative requirement
State- or POST- commission standard or requirement
Other (Please specify) ___________________
33. How often do you plan to offer refresher training on peer intervention programs moving forward?
o Two or more times per year
o Once a year
o Once every 2 years
o Once every 3 or more years
o Ad-hoc (e.g., as needed but no fixed time interval)
o Not repeated (e.g., single training with no refresher)

→ SKIP TO QUESTION 38.
9

No

2023 LEMAS PATOW (Post-Academy Training and Officer Wellness) Survey

ANSWER QUESTIONS 34-37 IF TRAINING ON PEER INTERVENTION PROGRAMS
WAS NOT PROVIDED TO FULL-TIME SWORN PERSONNEL IN 2022.
34. What are the reasons that your agency did not provide training on peer intervention programs in 2022? Indicate yes
or no for each row.
Yes

No

Already provided in basic academy or field training
Already provided in post-academy training before 2022
Cost of implementing training too high
COVID-related health restrictions, no alternative training model available
Insufficient staffing/inability to take personnel off assignment
Lack of appropriate course
Lack of appropriate facilities or equipment
Lack of budget or financial support
Lack of qualified trainers
No perceived need for the training
Other (Please specify) ___________________
35. Did your agency provide training on peer intervention programs at any time after December 31 2022?
o Yes
o No → SKIP to Question 38
36. How likely is your agency to provide training on peer intervention training in the next 12 months?
o Very likely
o Somewhat Likely
o Somewhat Unlikely
o Very unlikely
o Unsure / Don’t know
37. What factors will determine whether your agency will provide training on peer intervention programs in the next 12
months? If provided since 2022, please respond as to the factors which led to the most recent training being offered.
Indicate yes or no for each row.
Yes
Ability to find appropriate course
Ability to find qualified trainers
Availability of funding
Directive from your agency’s Chief executive (chief, sheriff, director, or
agency head)
Free or low-cost training
Guidance or directive from local government
Guidance or directive from state government
Guidance or directive from federal government
Improved officer availability
Public expectations
Requirement of accreditation
Other (Please specify) ___________________

10

No

2023 LEMAS PATOW (Post-Academy Training and Officer Wellness) Survey

Section 4c: De-escalation
DEFINITION: For the following questions, training on de-escalation means formal instruction on skills and/or strategies
for taking action or communicating (verbally or non-verbally) during a potential force encounter, with the goals of
stabilizing the situation, reducing the immediacy of the threat, and minimizing the use of force necessary. Such training
may include topics such as alternatives to the use of force and safely responding to an individual experiencing a mental,
behavioral, or suicidal crisis.
38. Was post-academy training on de-escalation mandatory, optional, or not provided in 2022 to full-time sworn
personnel with general arrest powers?
▪ Include training regardless of how it was provided (e.g., by your agency, by an outside agency).
▪ If the training had an initial mandatory component with additional option components, classify it as
mandatory.
▪ Do NOT include brief self-paced readings on topic areas throughout the year.
▪ If training requirements differed by department, enter information for the main or general department only.

o
o
o

Mandatory for all full-time sworn personnel
Optional or mandatory only for some full-time sworn personnel
Not provided in 2022 → SKIP to Question 46

39. In 2022, what was the minimum number of hours required for the training on de-escalation provided to full-time
sworn personnel with general arrest powers?
________
40. In 2022, did your agency use any personnel from the following agencies/organizations to provide training within your
agency on de-escalation? Indicate yes or no for each row.
Yes

No

Personnel (sworn or non-sworn/civilian) employed by your agency
Outside law enforcement agency
Other state or local government
Federal government
Colleges or universities
For-profit organizations (e.g., businesses, corporations, LLCs)
Non-profit organizations (e.g., NGOs, philanthropies)
Other (please specify) ________________
41. In 2022, were any of the following methods used in the training of de-escalation? Indicate yes or no for each row.
Yes
In-person classroom lecture
In-person group activities
Pre-recorded video, lecture, or presentations
Real-time, distance-based learning (e.g., video conference or webinar)
Roll-call training
Scenario-based exercises, live action (e.g., role playing or simulated
events with trainers)
Scenario-based exercises, technology-based simulations (e.g., virtual
reality; FATS)
Written or interactive web-based distance learning

11

No

2023 LEMAS PATOW (Post-Academy Training and Officer Wellness) Survey
42. In 2022, did your agency use any of the following metrics to measure successful completion of post-academy training
on de-escalation? Indicate yes or no for each row.
Yes

No

Attendance
Knowledge-based test
Satisfaction or feedback survey
Skills-based test
43. In 2022, did your agency use any of the following data as evidence on the effectiveness of training on de-escalation?
Indicate yes or no for each row.
Data Source

Yes

No

Arrest data
Body-worn camera footage
Calls for service data
Civilian complaints
Community feedback surveys
Crime or incident data
Follow-up surveys with participants (e.g., weeks or months after training)
Officer observations
Use of force incidents
Other (Please specify) ___________________
44. For which of the following reasons was training on de-escalation provided to full-time sworn personnel in 2022?
Indicate yes or no for each row.
Yes
Agency accreditation requirements
Community input or recommendations (e.g., advisory board,
commission reports, conversations with the community
Consent decree
Grant requirements
Internal agency decision by chief executive and command staff
Judicial ruling
Law enforcement advisory board input or recommendation
State or local legislative requirement
State- or POST- commission standard or requirement
Other (Please specify) ___________________
45. How often do you plan to offer refresher training on de-escalation moving forward?

o
o
o
o
o
o

Two or more times per year
Once a year
Once every 2 years
Once every 3 or more years
Ad-hoc (e.g., as needed but no fixed time interval)
Not repeated (e.g., single training with no refresher)

→ SKIP TO QUESTION 50
12

No

2023 LEMAS PATOW (Post-Academy Training and Officer Wellness) Survey

ANSWER QUESTIONS 46-49 IF TRAINING FOR DE-ESCALATION WAS NOT PROVIDED TO FULL-TIME
SWORN PERSONNEL IN 2022.
46. What are the reasons that your agency did not provide training on de-escalation in 2022? Indicate yes or no for each
row.
Yes

No

Already provided in basic academy or field training
Already provided in post-academy training before 2022
Cost of implementing training too high
COVID-related health restrictions, no alternative training model available
Insufficient staffing/inability to take personnel off assignment
Lack of appropriate course
Lack of appropriate facilities or equipment
Lack of budget or financial support
Lack of qualified trainers
No perceived need for the training
Other (Please specify) ___________________
47. Did your agency provide training on de-escalation at any time after December 31 2022?
o Yes
o No → SKIP to Question 50
48. How likely is your agency to provide training on de-escalation in the next 12 months?
o Very likely
o Somewhat Likely
o Somewhat Unlikely
o Very unlikely
o Unsure / Don’t know
49. What factors will determine whether your agency will provide training on de-escalation in the next 12 months? If
provided since 2022, please respond as to the factors which led to the most recent training being offered. Indicate
yes or no for each row.
Yes
Ability to find appropriate course
Ability to find qualified trainers
Availability of funding
Directive from your agency’s Chief executive (chief, sheriff, director, or agency head)
Free or low-cost training
Guidance or directive from local government
Guidance or directive from state government
Guidance or directive from federal government
Improved officer availability
Public expectations
Requirement of accreditation
Other (Please specify) ___________________

13

No

2023 LEMAS PATOW (Post-Academy Training and Officer Wellness) Survey

Section 4d: Additional Post-Academy Training Topics
INSTRUCTIONS: You will now be asked about additional training topics and their requirements. Please indicate
whether your agency provided post-academy training instruction on the following subject areas at any time
during calendar year 2022.
▪ Include training regardless of how it was provided (e.g., by your agency, by an outside agency).
▪ Only include training for your full-time sworn personnel with general arrest powers.
▪ For each subject area that was mandatory or optional, complete the questions under the “If applicable”
heading.
▪ For trainings that had an initial mandatory component with additional optional components, classify it as
mandatory.
▪ If training data was different by department, enter this information for the main or general department
only.
▪ Do NOT include brief self-paced readings on topic areas throughout the year.
▪ For annual training:
• Please enter the number of hours per 1 year.
• For training required more than once a year, please enter the total number of hours per 1 year.
• For training not required annually, please enter the hours and the frequency of the requirement.(e.g., 4
hours of training every 2 years, if the training is only required every 2 years).
▪ We understand that these categories may not reflect your course titles and the list is not comprehensive.
Please give us your best estimates, even if a topic was integrated throughout the curriculum

50. For each of the following training topics, was the training provided to full-time sworn personnel in 2022? If yes,
please indicate whether it was optional or mandatory for full-time sworn personnel.
Was training
Complete only if training was
provided in 2022?
available in 2022. Select only one option.
Optional or
mandatory only for
some full-time sworn Mandatory for all fullTraining Topic
No
Yes
personnel
time sworn personnel
→
Civilian complaint process
→
Criminal/constitutional law
→
Firearms proficiency
→
Martial arts training (e.g., ju-jitsu)
→
Physical comply and control tactics
Procedural justice
→
Public order/protest management/mass
demonstrations
→
Substance use disorders (e.g., opioids,
methamphetamines, hallucinogens)
→
Racial profiling, unbiased policing,
implicit bias
→
Response to an active shooter
→
Traffic enforcement safety/tactics

14

2023 LEMAS PATOW (Post-Academy Training and Officer Wellness) Survey
51. For each of the following training topics, is the training required on a regular basis? If yes, please indicate how
frequently the training is required (e.g., every 1 year, every 4 years), and provide the minimum required number of
training hours for each repeated occurrence.
Complete only if training is
Is the training
required on a regular basis
required on a
What is the minimum
regular basis?
required number of
training hours for
How frequently is the
each repeated
Training Topic
No
Yes
training required?
occurence?
Civilian complaint process

→

every

year(s)

Criminal/constitutional law

→

every

year(s)

Firearms proficiency

→

every

year(s)

Martial arts training (e.g., ju-jitsu)

→

every

year(s)

Physical comply and control tactics

→

every

year(s)

Procedural justice

→

every

year(s)

Public order/protest management/mass
demonstrations
Substance use disorders (e.g., opioids,
methamphetamines, hallucinogens)
Racial profiling, unbiased policing,
implicit bias

→

every

year(s)

→

every

year(s)

→

every

year(s)

Response to an active shooter

→

every

year(s)

Traffic enforcement safety/tactics

→

every

year(s)

15

2023 LEMAS PATOW (Post-Academy Training and Officer Wellness) Survey
52. For each of the following operations training topics, please indicate if it was not offered in 2022, optional or
mandatory only for some full-time sworn personnel, or mandatory for all full-time sworn personnel. In the rightmost
columns, indicate if personnel complete this training at least once per year or less than once per year as per policy in
2022.
Please select one choice
for each subject area

Training Topic
Basic first aid /CPR
Criminal investigation
procedures/techniques
Evidence processing and storage

Optional or
Mandatory for
mandatory only
all full-time
Not offered in for some full-time
sworn
2022
sworn personnel
personnel

Complete only if training was
offered in 2022
Personnel take this
training…
At least once Less than once
per year
per year

→
→
→

Interrogation/interviewing

→

Patrol procedures/techniques
Pursuit procedures (e.g., foot,
vehicle)
Reporting in-custody deaths

→

Reporting use of force

→

Report writing/RMS data entry

→

Strip search/stop and frisk

→

→
→

53. For each of the following defensive tactics trainings, please indicate if it was not offered in 2022, optional or
mandatory only for some full-time sworn personnel, or mandatory for all full-time sworn personnel. In the rightmost
columns, indicate if personnel complete this training at least once per year or less than once per year as per policy in
2022.
Please select one choice
for each subject area

Training Topic
Electronic control weapons
Less-lethal weapons (e.g., OC
spray, baton, etc.)

Complete only if training
was offered in 2022
Personnel take this
training…

Optional or
Mandatory for
mandatory only
all full-time
Not offered in for some full-time
sworn
2022
sworn personnel
personnel

At least once Less than once
per year
per year

→
→

16

2023 LEMAS PATOW (Post-Academy Training and Officer Wellness) Survey
54. For each of the following safety- and wellness-related trainings, please indicate if it was not offered in 2022, optional
or mandatory only for some full-time sworn personnel, or mandatory for all full-time sworn personnel. In the
rightmost columns, indicate if personnel complete this training at least once per year or less than once per year as
per policy in 2022.
Please select one choice
for each subject area

Training Topic
Health, fitness, and nutrition

Complete only if training
was offered in 2022
Personnel take this
training…

Optional or
Mandatory for
mandatory only
all full-time
Not offered in for some full-time
sworn
2022
sworn personnel
personnel

At least once Less than once
per year
per year

→

Sexual harassment

→

Stress prevention/management
Suicide prevention/mental health
awareness

→
→

55. For each of the following special population or situation trainings, please indicate if it was not offered in 2022,
optional or mandatory only for some full-time sworn personnel, or mandatory for all full-time sworn personne. In
the rightmost columns, indicate if personnel complete this training at least once per year or less than once per year
as per policy in 2022.
Please select one choice
for each subject area

Training Topic
Crimes against children

Complete only if training
was offered in 2022
Personnel take this
training…

Optional or
Mandatory for
mandatory only
all full-time
Not offered in for some full-time
sworn
2022
sworn personnel
personnel

At least once Less than once
per year
per year

→

Domestic violence

→

Elder abuse

→

Hate crimes/bias crimes

→

Homeless persons

→

Human trafficking

→

Juveniles

→

Responding to victims of sexual
assault

→

17

2023 LEMAS PATOW (Post-Academy Training and Officer Wellness) Survey
56. For each of the following special topics trainings, please indicate if it was not offered in 2022, optional or mandatory
for some full-time sworn personnel, or mandatory for all full-time sworn personnel. In the rightmost columns,
indicate if personnel complete this training at least once per year or less than once per year as per policy in 2022.
Please select one choice
for each subject area

Training Topic
Community partnership
building/collaboration

Complete only if training
was offered in 2022
Personnel take this
training…

Optional or
Mandatory for
mandatory only
all full-time
Not offered in for some full-time
sworn
2022
sworn personnel
personnel

At least once Less than once
per year
per year

→

Cyber/internet crimes
Unmanned aerial systems
(drones)

→

DUI

→

Facial recognition

→

Public records / FOIA

→

→

57. In 2022, did your agency provide specific training for full-time sworn personnel following a promotion or assignment
to any of the positions listed below? Indicate yes or no for each row. If the position did not exist or if no new
assignments were made in 2022, select N/A.
Yes
Data, crime, or intelligence analyst
Community policing officer
Crisis intervention team
K9
School resource officer (SRO)
SWAT/Hostage

18

No

N/A

2023 LEMAS PATOW (Post-Academy Training and Officer Wellness) Survey

Section 5: Current Formal Wellness Programs
The next questions ask about formal wellness programs currently available to full-time sworn personnel within your
agency. For these questions, please define a formal wellness program as: a program intended to reduce factors that
interfere with employee physical and/or mental health by providing resources, training, and/or intervention services.
58. In the calendar year 2022 (that is, January 1 through December 31, 2022), did your agency offer any of the following
formal wellness programs for use by full-time, sworn personnel?
▪ If no programs were offered to full-time sworn personnel, indicate a response in one of the two left columns
▪ If programs were offered to full-time sworn personnel,
• Indicate how it was managed and origination year.
• Note: If more than one program was offered for any given category, base your answers on the longest
running program that was still active in 2022.
No – Select one

Yes – Please select one

Not offered in
Managed by
2022, but
Managed
state or local
offered/ plan to Not offered
Managed
through agency government,
offer in 2023 or with no plan to directly within contract with
other than
later
offer in future
the agency external partner
agency

If yes, what
year did it
start?

Alcohol and chemical
dependency treatment

→

Child care programs

→

Coping skills to manage
trauma

→

Fatigue management

→

Financial literacy
education
General stress
management
Nutrition and dietary
education

→

Peer support programs

→

Physical fitness

→

Psychological and mental
health care treatment
Resources for expectant
mothers

→

Suicide awareness

→

Support for families of
sworn personnel
Other
________________

→

→
→

→

→

IF NO FORMAL WELLNESS PROGRAMS WERE OFFERED TO FULL-TIME SWORN
PERSONNEL IN 2022, SKIP TO QUESTION 63.
19

2023 LEMAS PATOW (Post-Academy Training and Officer Wellness) Survey
59. What was your agency’s estimated budget dedicated to the formal wellness programs you indicated or provided in
calendar year 2022?
Wellness Program
Budget:

$

,

,

.00

Please mark if this figure is an estimate 
60. How many total full-time agency personnel worked in wellness programs as their primary responsibility as of
December 31, 2022? Please provide separate counts for sworn and non-sworn full-time agency personnel.
Full-time agency
personnel
Sworn
Non-Sworn
61. Were any formal wellness programs offered in the calendar year 2022 available for full-time sworn personnel to use
confidentially?
Yes (available and
confidential)
Alcohol and chemical dependency treatment
Child care programs
Coping skills to manage trauma
Fatigue management
Financial literacy education
General stress management
Nutrition and dietary education
Peer support programs
Physical fitness
Psychological and mental health care treatment
Resources for expectant mothers
Suicide awareness
Support for families of sworn personnel
Other (Please specify) __________________

20

No (available but
not confidential)

N/A, program
not offered in
2022

2023 LEMAS PATOW (Post-Academy Training and Officer Wellness) Survey
62. Did your agency collect and regularly assess data (i.e., monthly, quarterly, or yearly) on the number of full-time
sworn personnel served by each formal wellness program offered in the calendar year 2022?
Collect and
regularly assess
data in 2022?

Complete only if data were not collected
and regularly assessed in 2022.
Select only one option.
Program
offered but
Program
N/A, program
data not
offered but
not offered in
collected and data were
2022
assessed confidential

Wellness Program Offered
Yes

No
→
→
→
→
→
→
→
→
→
→
→
→
→
→

Alcohol and chemical dependency treatment
Child care programs
Coping skills to manage trauma
Fatigue management
Financial literacy education
General stress management
Nutrition and dietary education
Peer support programs
Physical fitness
Psychological and mental health care treatment
Resources for expectant mothers
Suicide awareness
Support for families of sworn personnel
Other (Please specify) _________________

Section 6: Current Wellness Policies & Training
63. Does your agency currently have policies for full-time sworn personnel mandating any of the following practices?
Indicate yes or no for each row.
Yes
Regularly scheduled (e.g., annually, quarterly) psychological evaluations
Response protocols after critical incidents that occurred on-duty (e.g., officer involved shooting)
Response protocols after critical incidents that occurred off-duty (e.g., death in family, divorce)
Administrative leave policy to collect weapons when there may be concerns about suicide.
Temporarily reduced access to service weapon when an officer is considered at a higher risk of
suicide
64. Are any of the following full-time sworn personnel currently provided training on potential warning signs of
depression and suicide risk? Indicate one response for each row.

21

No

2023 LEMAS PATOW (Post-Academy Training and Officer Wellness) Survey
Yes, mandatory
training
Chief executive
Intermediate supervisor (below chief executive and above
sergeant or first-line supervisor)
Sergeant or equivalent first-line supervisor
Deputies/Officers

22

Yes, optional
training

No