Sample Agreement Booklet (Internet Version)-Denmark (revised)

Agreement Between The United States
And Denmark
Contents
Introduction

1

Coverage and Social Security taxes

2

Certificate of coverage

4

Monthly benefits

5

A Danish “ATP” pension may affect your U.S. benefit

8

What you need to know about Medicare

9

Claims for benefits

9

Authority to collect information for a certificate of coverage
(see pages 4-5)

10

Contacting Social Security

11

Introduction
An agreement effective October 1, 2008,
between the United States and Denmark
improves Social Security protection for people
who work or have worked in both countries. It
helps many people who, without the agreement,
would not be eligible for monthly retirement,
disability or survivors benefits under the Social
Security system of one or both countries. It also
helps people who would otherwise have to pay
Social Security taxes to both countries on the
same earnings.
The agreement covers Social Security taxes
(including the U.S. Medicare portion) and Social
Security retirement, disability and survivors

SocialSecurity.gov

benefits. It does not cover benefits under the
U.S. Medicare program or the Supplemental
Security Income program.
This booklet covers highlights of the agreement
and explains how it may help you while you
work and when you apply for benefits.
The agreement may help you, your
family and your employer
• While you work—If your work is covered by
both the U.S. and the Danish Social Security
systems, you (and your employer, if you are
employed) would normally have to pay Social
Security taxes to both countries for the same
work. However, the agreement eliminates
this double coverage so you pay taxes to
only one system (see pages 2-5).

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Agreement Between The United States And Denmark

• When you apply for benefits—You may
have some Social Security credits in both
the United States and Denmark but not have
enough to be eligible for benefits in one
country or the other. The agreement makes
it easier to qualify for benefits by letting you
add together your Social Security credits
in both countries. For more details, see the
section on “Monthly benefits” beginning on
page 5.

for that employer or an affiliate in Denmark
for no more than five years, the employer and
the employee will continue to pay only U.S.
Social Security taxes and will not have to pay
taxes in Denmark.
If you are self-employed and reside in the
United States or Denmark, you generally will be
covered and taxed only by the country where
you reside.
NOTE: In addition to retirement, disability and
survivors benefits, Danish Social Security
taxes cover several other programs, including
unemployment, sickness, maternity, medical,
work accident and family allowance benefits. As
a result, workers exempted from Danish Social
Security coverage by the agreement pay no
Social Security taxes for these programs and
generally cannot receive benefits from them.
If the agreement exempts you from Danish
coverage, you and your employer may wish to
arrange for alternative benefit protection.

Coverage and Social Security taxes
Before the agreement, employees, employers
and self-employed people could, under certain
circumstances, be required to pay Social
Security taxes to both the United States and
Denmark for the same work.
Under the agreement, if you work as an
employee in the United States, you normally
will be covered by the United States, and you
and your employer will pay Social Security
taxes only to the United States. If you work
as an employee in Denmark, you normally
will be covered by Denmark, and you and
your employer pay Social Security taxes
only to Denmark.

Summary of agreement rules
The following table shows whether your work
is covered under the U.S. or Danish Social
Security system. If you are covered under
U.S. Social Security, you and your employer
must pay U.S. Social Security taxes. If you are
covered under the Danish system, you and
your employer must pay Danish Social Security
taxes. If you are self-employed and reside in the
United States or Denmark, you generally will be
covered and taxed only by the country where
you reside. The next section (beginning on
page 4) explains how to get a form from the
country where you are covered that will prove
you are exempt in the other country.

On the other hand, if your employer sends you
from one country to work for that employer or
an affiliate in the other country for a temporary
period, you will continue to be covered by your
home country and will be exempt from coverage
in the other country. A temporary period is
defined in the agreement as five years or less
for transfers from the United States to Denmark,
and three years or less for transfers from
Denmark to the United States. For example, if
a U.S. company sends an employee to work

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Your work status

Coverage and taxes

You are working in Denmark:
For a U.S. employer who:
• Sent you to work in Denmark for five years U.S.
or less
• Sent you to work in Denmark for more
than five years

Denmark

• Hired you in Denmark

Denmark

For a non-U.S. employer

Denmark

For the U.S. government and you are a:
• U.S. national

U.S. (either Social Security or federal retirement program)

• Danish national

Denmark

You are working in the United States:
For an employer in Denmark who:
• Sent you to work in the U.S. for three
years or less

Denmark

• Sent you to work in the U.S. for more than
three years

U.S.

• Hired you in the U.S.

U.S.

For a non-Danish employer

U.S.

For the Danish government and you are a:
• Danish national

Denmark

• U.S. citizen

U.S.

You are self-employed and you:
• Reside in the U.S.

U.S.

• Reside in Denmark

Denmark

If this table does not seem to describe your situation and you are:
• Working in the U.S.

Write to the U.S. address on page 11 for
further information.

• Working in Denmark

Write to the Danish address on page 11 for
further information.

NOTE: As the table indicates, a U.S. worker employed in Denmark can be covered by U.S. Social Security
only if he or she works for a U.S. employer. A U.S. employer includes a corporation organized under the
laws of the United States or any state, a partnership if at least two-thirds of the partners are U.S. residents,
a person who is a resident of the U.S. or a trust if all the trustees are U.S. residents. The term also includes
a foreign affiliate of a employer if the U.S. employer has entered into an agreement with the Internal
Revenue Service under section 3121(l) of the Internal Revenue Code to pay Social Security taxes for U.S.
citizens and residents employed by the affiliate.

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Certificate of coverage

In addition, your employer must indicate if
you remain an employee of the U.S. company
while working in Denmark or if you become
an employee of the U.S. company’s affiliate in
Denmark. If you become an employee of an
affiliate, your employer must indicate if the U.S.
company has an agreement with the Internal
Revenue Service under section 3121(l) of the
Internal Revenue Code to pay U.S. Social
Security taxes for U.S. citizens and residents
employed by the affiliate and, if yes, the
effective date of the agreement.

A certificate of coverage issued by one country
serves as proof of exemption from Social
Security taxes on the same earnings in the
other country.
Certificates for employees
To establish an exemption from compulsory
coverage and taxes under the Danish system,
your employer must request a certificate of
coverage (form USA/DK 1) from the U.S. at
this address:

Your employer can also request a certificate
of U.S. coverage for you over the Internet
using a special online request form available
at www.socialsecurity.gov/coc. Only an
employer can use the online form to request a
certificate of coverage. A self-employed person
must submit a request by mail or fax.

Social Security Administration Office of
International Programs
P.O. Box 17741
Baltimore, MD 21235-7741
USA
If preferred, the request may be sent by FAX to
(410) 966-1861. Please note this FAX number
should only be used to request certificates
of coverage.

To establish your exemption from coverage
under the U.S. Social Security system, your
employer in Denmark must request a certificate
of coverage (form DK/USA 1) from Denmark at
this address:

No special form is required to request a
certificate but the request must be in writing and
provide the following information:

National Social Security Agency
6. Division, International Office
Landemaerket 11
DK-1119 Copenhagen
DENMARK
The same information required for a certificate
of coverage from the United States is needed
to get a certificate from Denmark except that
you must show your Danish CPR number rather
than your U.S. Social Security number.

• Full name of worker;
• Date and place of birth;
• Citizenship;
• Country of worker’s permanent residence;
• U.S. Social Security number;
• Danish “CPR” number1 (if known);
• Name, relationship, date of birth of family
members accompanying the worker and their
Danish CPR numbers (if known);

Certificates for self-employed people

• Date of hire;

If you are self-employed and would normally
have to pay Social Security taxes to both the
U.S. and Danish systems, you can establish
your exemption from one of the taxes.

• Country of hire;
• Name and address of the employer in the
United States and Denmark; and

• If you reside in the United States, write to the
Social Security Administration at the address
on page 11 or fax to (410) 966-1861; or

• Date of transfer and anticipated date
of return.

• If you reside in Denmark, write to the
National Social Security Agency at the
address shown above.

A CPR number is the Danish central personal
registration number.

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Monthly benefits

Be sure to provide the following information in
your letter:

The following table shows the various types
of Social Security benefits payable under the
U.S. and Danish Social Security systems and
briefly describes the eligibility requirements that
normally apply for each type of benefit. If you
do not meet the normal requirements for these
benefits, the agreement may help you to qualify
(see pages 7-9).

• Full name;
• Date and place of birth;
• Citizenship;
• Country of permanent residence;
• U.S. Social Security number and Danish
CPR number (if known);
• Name, relationship, date of birth of family
members accompanying you and their
Danish CPR numbers (if known);

This table is only a general guide. You can get
more specific information about U.S. benefits
at any U.S. Social Security office or by using
the contact information on the inside cover of
this publication.

• Nature of self-employment activity;
• Dates the activity was or will be
performed; and

You can get more detailed information about
the Danish system by writing to the Danish
address on the inside cover of this publication
or by visiting the Danish Social Security system
website at www.sist.dk.

• Name and address of your trade or business
in both countries.
Effective date of coverage exemption

Under U.S. Social Security, you can earn up to
four work credits each year depending on the
amount of your covered earnings. The amount
needed to earn a work credit goes up slightly
each year. For more information, ask for How
You Earn Credits (Publication No. 05-10072).
Under the Danish system, credits are measured
in months. To simplify the information in
the table, requirements are shown in years
of credits.

The certificate of coverage you receive from
one country will show the effective date of your
exemption from paying Social Security taxes in
the other country. Generally, this will be the date
you began working in the other country, but no
earlier than the effective date of the agreement.
Certificates of coverage issued by Denmark
should be retained by the employer in the
United States in case of an audit by the Internal
Revenue Service (IRS). No copies should be
sent to IRS unless specifically requested by IRS.
However, a self-employed person must attach a
photocopy of the certificate to his or her income
tax return each year as proof of the exemption.

We should point out that Denmark pays benefits
through a two-tiered program. The first tier,
called the “Folkepension” (FP), pays flat-rate
benefits to people who meet certain residence
requirements. The second tier is an earningsrelated program known as the Labour Market
Supplementary Pension (ATP). The ATP pays
benefits based on a worker’s contributions and
the total years of coverage.

Copies of certificates of coverage issued by
the United States will be provided for both the
employee and the employer. It will be their
responsibility to present the certificate to the
Danish authorities when requested to do so.
To avoid any difficulties, your employer (or
you, if you are self-employed) should request a
certificate as early as possible, preferably before
your work in the other country begins.
If you or your employer request a certificate of
coverage, you should read the Privacy Act and
Paperwork Reduction Act Statements at the end
of this booklet.
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Agreement Between The United States And Denmark

Retirement or old-age benefits
United States

Denmark

Worker—Full benefit at full retirement age.*
Reduced benefit as early as age 62. 1 ½ to
10 years of work credits required (10 years if
age 62 in 1991 or later).

Worker—Social Pension Program (FP)—Full basic
pension amount at age 65 with 40 years of residence
in Denmark between the ages of 15 and 65. A Danish
national must have resided in Denmark for at least three
years between age 15 and 65 to receive a partial benefit.
If not a Danish national, must have resided in Denmark for
at least 10 years between ages 15 and 65, and five years
immediately prior to entitlement, or have been granted a
Danish residence permit under article 7 or 8 of the Danish
Aliens Act.
Labour Market Supplementary Pension (ATP)—Pension
payable at full retirement age** to anyone who has
contributed to the program. Wage-earners in Denmark
ages 16 to 65 with more than nine hours of paid work per
week pay ATP contributions.

Disability benefits
United States

Denmark

Worker—Under full
retirement age* can get
benefits if unable to do
any substantial gainful
work for at least a year.
1 ½ to 10 years of work
credits required, depending
on age at date of onset.
Some recent work credits
also needed unless
worker is blind.

Worker—FP—“Anticipatory Pension” (AP) plays the same role as disability
and survivors pensions in most other countries. AP payments are “meanstested.” Danish nationals, foreigners with 10 years of residence between
ages 18 and 65 (five in the last 10 years), refugees, employees and selfemployed persons from European Union (EU) member states may be
eligible for AP.
Persons age 18 to 65 whose capacity for work is permanently reduced and
the person is otherwise unable to assure his or her subsistence, not even in
a job which is supported under the social security legislation (adapted job).
ATP—Disability benefits are not provided under the ATP program.

*The full retirement age is 66 for people born in 1943-1954 and will gradually increase to age 67 for people
born in 1960 or later.
**Full retirement age for people born July 1, 1939, to January 1, 1959, is age 65. The full retirement age
increases gradually until it reaches age 67 for people born June 30, 1960, or later.

Family benefits to dependents of retired or disabled people
United States

Denmark

Spouse—Full benefit at full retirement age*
or at any age if caring for the worker’s entitled
child under age 16 (or disabled before age 22).
Reduced benefit as early as age 62 if not caring
for a child.

Spouse or cohabiting partner—No provision.

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Family benefits to dependents of retired or disabled people
United States

Denmark

Divorced spouse—Full benefit at full retirement
age.* Reduced benefit as early as age 62.

Divorced spouse—No provision.

Must be unmarried and have been married to
worker for at least 10 years.
Children—No provision.
Children—If unmarried, up to age 18 (age 19 if
in an elementary or secondary school full time) or
any age if disabled before age 22.

Survivors benefits
United States

Denmark

Widow(er)—FP—If a spouse or member of a cohabiting couple
dies and both were receiving a Social Pension benefit, the
surviving partner remains entitled to the full amount of both
Widow(er)—Full benefit at full
retirement age* or at any age if caring partners’ benefits for three months after the date of death.
for deceased’s entitled child under
ATP—Surviving spouse/common-law spouse and children can
age 16 (or disabled before age 22).
become entitled to lump-sum ATP survivors benefits upon the
member’s death. If the member contributed to the ATP prior
Reduced benefit as early as age 60
(or age 50 if disabled) if not caring for to January 1, 2002, the surviving spouse (but not common-law
spouse) and children under age 18 can qualify for a lump- sum
a child. Benefits may be continued if
remarriage occurs after age 60 (or age benefit upon the member’s death, in spite of the age of the
50 if disabled).
member when the member dies.
Survivors benefits payable to the
following categories:

Divorced widow(er)—Same as
widow(er) if marriage lasted at least
10 years.
Children—Same as for children of
retired or disabled worker.

Lump-sum death benefit—A one-time
payment not to exceed $255 payable
on the death of an insured worker to a
spouse or minor children if they meet
certain requirements.

If the member contributed to the ATP after December 31, 2001,
the surviving spouse/common-law spouse, and children under
age 21 may qualify for a lump-sum benefit, provided the member
paid ATP contributions for at least two years. The common-law
spouse can only become entitled to a lump-sum if the cohabitees
have been registered with ATP. The lump-sum benefit for the
surviving spouse/common-law spouse is reduced if the member
dies between ages 66 to 70 and is not payable if the member dies
after age 70.
Funeral benefit (means-tested)— Survivors may apply to Danish
Ministry of the Interior and Health. Requirement for benefit:
pensioner was a resident of Denmark, an EU member state,
Liechtenstein or Switzerland at time of death.

*The full retirement age for survivors is age 66 for people born in 1945-1956 and will gradually increase to
age 67 for people born in 1962 or later.

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How benefits can be paid

Denmark, if they resided in Denmark for
30 years after the age 15.)

If you have Social Security credits in both the
United States and Denmark, you may be eligible
for benefits from one or both countries. If you
meet all the basic requirements under one
country’s system, you will get a regular benefit
from that country. If you do not meet the basic
requirements, the agreement may help you
qualify for a benefit as explained below.

2. The Labour Market Supplementary
Pension (ATP) pays benefits based on
the worker’s contributions and total years
of work. A person can qualify for an ATP
benefit with as little as one month of ATP
coverage. Therefore, work credits under
the U.S. system will not be counted when
determining eligibility for ATP benefits.

• Benefits from the U.S.—If you do not have
enough work credits under the U.S. system
to qualify for regular benefits, you may be
able to qualify for a partial benefit from the
United States based on both U.S. and Danish
credits. However, to be eligible to have your
Danish credits counted, you must have
earned at least six credits (generally 1 ½
years of work) under the U.S. system. If you
already have enough credits under the U.S.
system to qualify for a benefit, the United
States cannot count your Danish credits.

How credits get counted
You do not have to do anything to have your
credits in one country counted by the other
country. If we need to count your credits under
the Danish system to help you qualify for a
U.S. benefit, we will get a copy of your Danish
earnings record directly from Denmark when
you apply for benefits.
Although the Social Security Administration may
count your Danish ATP credits, your Danish
ATP credits are not actually transferred from
Denmark to the United States. They remain
on your record in Denmark where you earned
them and also can be used to qualify for
benefits there.

• Benefits from Denmark—Denmark provides
retirement, disability and other benefits
through two separate programs.
1. The Folkepension (“social”) pays flatrate benefits to Danish nationals who
have resided in Denmark for three years.
The benefit amount is proportional to
the number of years they have resided
in Denmark and is unrelated to past
earnings. People who are not Danish
nationals, and still reside in Denmark,
may also qualify for “social” benefits if
they have resided in Denmark for at least
10 years, five years of which must be
immediately before entitlement.

Computation of U.S. benefit under
the agreement
When a U.S. benefit becomes payable as a
result of counting both U.S. and Danish Social
Security credits, an initial benefit is determined
based on your U.S. earnings as if your entire
career had been completed under the U.S.
system. This initial benefit is then reduced to
reflect the fact that Danish credits helped to
make the benefit payable. The amount of the
reduction will depend on the number of U.S.
credits: the more U.S. credits, the smaller the
reduction; and the fewer U.S. credits, the larger
the reduction.

Under the agreement, if you are a U.S.
national, you can qualify for Danish
“social” benefits if you have resided
in Denmark for three years and have
worked in Denmark for at least one year.
(Before the agreement, U.S. nationals
needed at least 10 years, five of which
were immediately before entitlement, and
had to reside in Denmark to qualify. U.S.
nationals residing in the United States
could apply for old age pension from

A Danish “ATP” pension may affect
your U.S. benefit
If you qualify for Social Security benefits
from the United States and a Danish “ATP”
pension and you did not need the agreement
to qualify for the U.S. benefit, the amount of
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your U.S. benefit may be reduced. This is a
result of a provision in U.S. law which can
affect the way your benefit is figured if you
also receive a pension based on work that was
not covered by U.S. Social Security. Receipt
of a Danish “social” (FP) pension, which is
based on residence in Denmark, will not
affect the way your U.S. benefit is figured. For
more information, ask for Windfall Elimination
Provision (Publication No. 05-10045). If you
are outside the United States, you may write to
us at the address shown on the inside cover of
this publication.

cover Medicare benefits. As a result, we cannot
count your credits in Denmark to establish
entitlement to free Medicare hospital insurance.

What you need to know
about Medicare

• Phone our toll-free number, 1-800-772-1213,
7 a.m. to 7 p.m., Monday-Friday. People who
are deaf or hard of hearing may call our TTY
number, 1-800-325-0778.

For more information about Medicare, ask for
Medicare (Publication No. 05-10043) or visit
Medicare’s website at www.medicare.gov.

Claims for benefits
If you live in the United States and wish to apply
for U.S. or Danish benefits:
• Visit or write any U.S. Social Security
office; or

Medicare is the U.S. national health insurance
program for people age 65 or older or who are
disabled. Medicare has four parts:

You can apply for Danish benefits at any U.S.
Social Security office by completing application
form SSA-2490.

• Hospital insurance (Part A) helps pay
for inpatient hospital care and certain
follow-up services.

If you live in Denmark and wish to apply for U.S.
or Danish benefits, contact:

• Medical insurance (Part B) helps pay for
doctors’ services, outpatient hospital care
and other medical services.

• The Federal Benefits Unit at the U.S.
Embassy in Oslo, Norway, (phone
47-2-2448-550) to file for U.S. benefits; or

• Medicare Advantage plans (Part C) are
available in many areas. People with
Medicare Parts A and B can choose to
receive all of their health care services
through a provider organization under Part C.

• Any Danish Social Security office to file for
Danish benefits.
You can apply with one country and ask to
have your application considered as a claim for
benefits from the other country. Information from
your application will then be sent to the other
country. Each country will process the claim
under its own laws counting credits from the
other country when appropriate—and notify you
of its decision.

• Prescription drug coverage (Part D) helps
pay for medications doctors prescribe for
medical treatment.
You are eligible for free hospital insurance at
age 65 if you have worked long enough under
U.S. Social Security to qualify for a retirement
benefit. People born in 1929 or later need 40
work credits (about 10 years of covered work) to
qualify for retirement benefits.

If you have not applied for benefits before, you
may need to provide certain information and
documents when you apply. These include
the worker’s U.S. Social Security number, the
worker’s Danish CPR number, proof of age
for all claimants, evidence of the worker’s U.S.
earnings in the past 24 months and information
about the worker’s coverage under the Danish
system. You may wish to call the Social Security
office before you go there to see if any other
information is needed.

Although the agreement between the United
States and Denmark allows the Social Security
Administration to count your Danish ATP credits
to help you qualify for U.S. retirement, disability
or survivor benefits, the agreement does not

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Payment of benefits
Each country pays its own benefit. U.S.
payments are made by the U.S. Department of
Treasury each month and cover benefits for the
preceding month. Payments under the Danish
system are paid by direct deposit the last
banking day of the month, covering benefits for
that month.
Absence from U.S. territory
Normally, people who are not U.S. citizens
may receive U.S. Social Security benefits
while outside the U.S. only if they meet certain
requirements. Under the agreement, however,
if you are a U.S. or Danish citizen, a refugee, a
stateless person, or a person who is eligible for
dependents or survivors benefits based on the
Social Security record of one of these persons,
you may receive benefits as long as you reside
in Denmark. If you are not a U.S. citizen and
live in a country other than the United States
or Denmark, you may not be able to receive
benefits. The restrictions on U.S. benefits are
explained in the publication, Your Payments
While You Are Outside the United States
(Publication No. 05-10137).
Appeals
If you disagree with the decision made on your
claim for benefits under the agreement, contact
any U.S. or Danish Social Security office. The
people there can tell you what you need to do to
appeal the decision.

Authority to collect information
for a certificate of coverage
(see pages 4-5)
Privacy Act
The Privacy Act requires us to notify you that
we are authorized to collect this information by
section 233 of the Social Security Act. While it is
not mandatory for you to furnish the information
to the Social Security Administration, a
certificate of coverage cannot be issued unless
a request has been received. The information is
needed to enable Social Security to determine
if work should be covered only under the U.S.
Social Security system in accordance with an
international agreement. Without the certificate,
work may be subject to taxation under both the
U.S. and the foreign Social Security systems.
Paperwork Reduction Act Notice
This information collection meets the clearance
requirements of 44 U.S.C. section 3507,
as amended by section 2 of the Paperwork
Reduction Act of 1995. You do not need to
answer these questions unless we display a
valid Office of Management and Budget control
number. We estimate that it will take you about
30 minutes to read the instructions, gather the
necessary facts, and answer the questions to
request a certificate of coverage.

The Danish Social Security authorities will
review your appeal if it affects your rights under
the Danish system, while U.S. Social Security
authorities will review your appeal if it affects
your rights under the U.S. system. Since each
country’s decisions are made independently
of the other, a decision by one country on a
particular issue may not always conform with
the decision made by the other country on the
same issue.

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Agreement Between The United States And Denmark

Contacting Social Security

For more information about Denmark’s Social
Security programs, visit any Social Security
office in Denmark. If you do not live in Denmark,
write to:

Visit our website
The most convenient way to conduct Social
Security business from anywhere at any
time, is to visit www.socialsecurity.gov.
There, you can:

National Social Security Agency
6. Division, International Office
Landemaerket 11
DK-1119 Copenhagen

• Apply for retirement, disability, and
Medicare benefits;

DENMARK
If you do not wish to file a claim for benefits
but would like more information about the
agreement, write to:

• Find copies of our publications;
• Get answers to frequently asked
questions; and
• So much more!
Call us
If you don’t have access to the internet, we
offer many automated services by telephone,
24 hours a day, 7 days a week. If you’re in the
United States, call us toll-free at 1-800-772-1213
or at our TTY number, 1-800-325-0778, if you’re
deaf or hard of hearing.

Social Security Administration
Office of International Programs
Box 17741
Baltimore, MD 21235-7741
USA
For additional information visit our website:
www.socialsecurity.gov/international

If you need to speak to a person, we can answer
your calls from 7 a.m. to 7 p.m., Monday through
Friday. We ask for your patience during busy
periods since you may experience a higher than
usual rate of busy signals and longer hold times
to speak to us. We look forward to serving you.
For more information
To file a claim for U.S. or Danish benefits
under the agreement, follow the instructions on
page 9.
If you live outside the United States, write to:
Social Security Administration
Office of International Operations (OIO)
P.O. Box 17769
Baltimore, MD 21235-7769
USA

Social Security Administration
Publication No. 05-10518
August 2017
Agreement Between The United States And Denmark
Produced and published at U.S. taxpayer expense

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