1018-0023 Ssb 06062023

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Migratory Bird Surveys, 50 CFR 20.20

OMB: 1018-0023

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Supporting Statement B for

Paperwork Reduction Act Submission


Migratory Bird Surveys, 50 CFR 20.20

OMB Control Number 1018-0023



1. Describe (including a numerical estimate) the potential respondent universe and any sampling or other respondent selection method to be used. Data on the number of entities (e.g., establishments, State and local government units, households, or persons) in the universe covered by the collection and in the corresponding sample are to be provided in tabular form for the universe as a whole and for each of the strata in the proposed sample. Indicate expected response rates for the collection as a whole. If the collection had been conducted previously, include the actual response rate achieved.


Migratory Bird Harvest Information Program and Migratory Bird Hunter Survey: The potential respondent universe is all licensed migratory bird hunters in the 49 States that have migratory bird hunting seasons, approximately 3,500,000 individuals. The universe is stratified by: (1) State, and (2) hunters' hunting activity and success the previous season. A systematic sample is selected within each stratum from the names and addresses in the order in which they are received. Stratum-specific universe and sampling data for forms 3-2056J, 3-2056K, 3-2056L, 3-2056M and 3-2056N are given in Tables 1-4. Sampling rates vary by State, form, and success strata, and range from <1% to 100%. Because sampling rates vary by State, form, and success strata, weighted and unweighted response rates were calculated to each survey form for 2017. Unweighted and weighted response rates for all six form types average 38% and 39% nationally, respectively. Response rates for the 5 HIP survey forms in 2021 were as follows:


Unweighted Weighted

Survey form Response Rate Response

Waterfowl (3-2056J) 0.36 0.38

Dove (3-2056K) 0.40 0.41

Woodcock (3-2056L) 0.42 0.46

Snipe/Coot/Rail/Gallinule (3-2056M) 0.41 0.43

Sandhill Cranes (3-2056N) 0.45 0.47


About 6% of the non-response rate is due to undeliverable mail.


Parts Collection Survey: Approximately 75,000 duck wings and 14,000 goose tails are collected and examined by biologists out of a universe of 9,500,000 ducks and 2,600,000 geese harvested. These parts are obtained from approximately 4,300 successful waterfowl hunters who return form 3-165 out of a universe of 991,200 active waterfowl hunters. Sample sizes for waterfowl are given in Table 5.


The sample of hunters who will be sent form 3-165E consists of approximately 650 successful mourning dove hunters from a sample universe of about 642,800 active dove hunters. We solicit wings from the first week of the hunting season only. We collect and examine about 9,200 wings from the first week of the hunting season out of a universe of about 9,202,100 birds that are harvested during the first week of the mourning dove hunting season. Sampling rates vary by state, and range from 18% to 80% of successful mourning dove hunters responding to Form 3-2056K in the previous year. Less than 1% of the harvest during the first week is sampled. Sample sizes for mourning doves are listed in Table 6.


The sample of hunters who are sent form 3-165C consists of approximately 800 successful hunters from a sample universe of approximately 119,000 active woodcock (≈95,000 hunters), rail (≈13,000 hunters), gallinule (≈8,000 hunters), and band-tailed pigeon hunters (≈3,000 hunters). We no longer request snipe wings from hunters because the number of wings received in the past has been low, and this information has not been used in any decision making in harvest management. We continue to monitor the harvest of snipe through our hunter diary survey. Approximately 8,400 wings are collected and examined out of a universe of approximately 252,000 birds harvested. The percent of harvest sampled ranges from <1% -4% for the species or species groups, with the highest sampling rate applied to woodcock harvest. Sample sizes for woodcock, rail species, and band-tailed pigeons are listed in Table 7.

Sandhill Crane Harvest Survey: The universe for sampling is approximately 49,000 individuals who obtain an annual permit to hunt sandhill cranes. Sampling rates are set by State, with 20% of the permittees randomly selected to receive questionnaires in Texas and North Dakota, 10% in Alaska and South Dakota, 50% of the permittees selected in Minnesota and Oklahoma, 60% of the permittees selected in Kansas, and 100% of the permittees contacted in all other States with a sandhill crane season. Pertinent sampling characteristics by State are listed in Table 8. In 2019, the unweighted response rate for the crane survey was 44%, and the weighted response rate was 39%.


2. Describe the procedures for the collection of information including:

  • Statistical methodology for stratification and sample selection,

  • Estimation procedure,

  • Degree of accuracy needed for the purpose described in the justification,

  • Unusual problems requiring specialized sampling procedures, and

  • Any use of periodic (less frequent than annual) data collection cycles to reduce burden.


Migratory Bird Harvest Information Program: Each State requires all migratory bird hunters to identify themselves as such, and to provide their name, address, and date of birth, as a condition for obtaining authorization to hunt migratory game birds in the State. All of the name, address, and date of birth information collection is done by the State’s hunting license vendors (agents) or by a State contractor. State license agents or contractors ask each migratory game bird hunter to answer a series of questions that allows us to stratify our sampling procedure. Each State collects the information in a way that is most appropriate for that state, but all states ask some variation of the following questions:


  1. Will you hunt migratory birds this year?

  2. How many ducks did you bag last year?

  3. How many geese did you bag last year?

  4. How many doves did you bag last year?

  5. How many woodcock did you bag last year?

  6. Did you hunt coots or snipe last year?

  7. Did you hunt rails or gallinules last year?

  8. Will you hunt sandhill cranes this year?

  9. Will you hunt band-tailed pigeons this year?

  10. Will you hunt brant this year?

  11. Will you hunt sea ducks this year?


States are responsible for development of adequate control procedures to ensure that agents (1) account for all validated licenses; (2) promptly provide the State with names, addresses, and other information; (3) have a low proportion of incomplete or illegible information; and (4) return information from all migratory game bird hunters. We conducted a study in 2010 to track the collection and receipt of HIP name and address data from each state. Results from the 29 states participating showed that most MBHIP data are being sent to the FWS and being processed properly by the FWS (Appendix A).


Migratory Bird Hunter Survey Procedures: Survey procedures are based on Dillman's Total Design Method (Dillman, 1978, Mail and Telephone Surveys, the Total Design Method, Wiley). This method has been shown to substantially reduce non-response in many situations.


a. States provide the Service with migratory game bird hunters' names, addresses, birth dates, and their answers to the above questions in an acceptable form (electronic data or machine-scannable paper form). We receive the first list of hunter names and address in August prior to the migratory bird hunting seasons in each state. The States then send the Service updated lists every 2 weeks until the end of the migratory bird hunting seasons within each respective state. This information is needed in timely fashion for the Service to contact survey participants and ask them to keep records of their migratory game bird hunting throughout the hunting season. This also allows the Service to get survey forms to selected hunters before the hunting season starts or shortly after the hunter purchased his or her hunting license.


b. To protect hunters' privacy, it is the policy of the Service to use the names and addresses only for conducting hunter surveys and for no other purpose. All records of hunters' names and addresses are deleted after each year's survey results are finalized and no permanent record of names and addresses is maintained by the Service.


c. We use the answers to these questions to assign each hunter to one of three activity strata for duck, goose, dove, and woodcock hunting; and one of 2 hunting activity strata for coots and snipe, rails and gallinules, band-tailed pigeons, brant, and sea duck hunting. The 3 hunting activity strata for hunters of duck, goose, and dove hunters are (1) no harvest; (2) low harvest; and (3) high harvest. Low harvest of ducks and geese is defined as harvest of 1-10 birds the previous year; low harvest of doves is defined as harvest of 1-30 birds the previous year. The 2 hunting activity strata for hunters of woodcock, coots or snipe, rails or gallinules, band-tailed pigeons, brant, sea ducks are: (1) will (did) hunt or (2) will (did) not hunt.


d. The Service selects samples of hunters for receipt of one of four Migratory Bird Harvest Survey forms: waterfowl (duck, goose, sea duck, and brant; form 3-2056J), dove and band-tailed pigeon (form 3-2056K), woodcock (form 3-2056L), and snipe, rail, gallinule, and coot (form 3-2056M). Similar species are grouped together on the same form to control survey costs. Higher sampling rates are needed for successful hunters and for those who hunt less-frequently hunted species. Hunters are not asked to participate in more than one survey per State per year to minimize the burden on individual respondents.


e. Samples are stratified by survey form, state, and hunting activity. Stratification by state is relevant because: (1) hunters must register for the Migratory Bird Harvest Information Program in each state in which he/she hunts; (2) harvest regulations and species distributions vary by state; (3) response rates vary by state. Theoretically, there could be up to (3)(3)(3)(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)(2) = 1,728 activity strata in each State, defined by (number of duck hunting activity strata) X (number of goose hunting activity strata) X (number of dove hunting activity strata) X (number of woodcock hunting activity strata) X (number of coots/snipe success strata) X (number of rail/gallinule success strata) X (number of band-tailed pigeon success strata) X (number of sea duck hunting success strata) X (number of brant hunting success strata). However, individual States do not allow hunting of all the species listed; therefore most States have fewer strata. For example only 40 states have mourning dove seasons, only 36 states have woodcock seasons, and only 7 states have band-tailed pigeon seasons. We also consider the stratification of each species/species group independently. Thus, there are a total of 705 strata in the 49 states, with the number of activity strata in individual states ranging from 10 to 17.


f. Samples are selected as the names are received so that migratory bird hunters can be contacted and asked to keep records as soon as possible after the hunting season starts. The first, eligible hunter in a file is selected, and then every nth hunter in each stratum is selected thereafter, with (potentially) different sampling rates for each stratum. Sampling without replacement is used, with high priority strata being sampled before lower priority strata. Stratum priority is determined by: (1) biological need, and (2) desired precision levels for the estimates.


g. Double sampling estimates (Hansen and Hurwitz, 1958, JASA) are used to account for non-response (see Groves, 1989, Survey Errors and Survey Costs, Wiley, pages 165-169; and Hansen, Hurwitz and Madow, 1953 Sample Survey Methods and Theory, Wiley, vol. 1, pages 468-475). Two response strata are defined by the respondents and non-respondents to the first wave of reminder letters. A second wave of reminders and survey replacement forms is sent to all non-respondents to the first wave of reminder letters. Additionally, a third wave of reminder letters and survey replacement forms is sent to all non-respondents to the second wave of reminder letters.


For each species (e.g., mourning dove) or species-group (e.g., geese), the number of active hunters, number of hunting days, and number of birds harvested are estimated from the questionnaire responses using a ratio estimator with the harvest per hunter and the number of migratory bird hunters reported, by stratum, by State. Species-, age- and sex-specific harvests are estimated using ratios estimated from the Parts Collection Survey.


Target 95% confidence intervals for harvest estimates at the management unit level (e.g., Flyway) are as follows: ducks, ± 5%; geese, ± 5%; mourning doves, ± 5%; brant, woodcock, band-tailed pigeons, and white-winged doves, ± 10%; sea ducks, ± 25%; snipe, rails, gallinules, and coots, ± 50%. These target precision levels were deemed appropriate by the Federal and State biologists who are charged with managing those migratory bird species.


Surveys must be conducted annually because migratory bird harvests can change substantially between years depending on the size of the fall flight and hunting pressure. Estimates are required for annually promulgating hunting regulations.


Parts Collection Survey Procedures: Samples of successful hunters from the previous year’s Migratory Bird Hunter Survey are asked to complete and return a postcard (forms 3-165A, C, and E), volunteering to contribute wings and tails during the following hunting season. The samples are randomly selected in proportion to the estimated harvest in each State, and sampling rates vary from 30 to 100% of successful hunters. In addition, in some years due to the small number of successful waterfowl hunters in some states, we sample an additional amount from the list of hunters who were not sampled for the diary survey the previous year in order to reach our target number of parts. Because it is difficult to find enough hunters to participate in the Parts Collection Survey each year, hunters can remain in the survey for 3 (waterfowl)-10 (all others) years. Those who volunteer are sent a cover letter with instructions and a supply of pre-addressed, postage-paid return envelopes (forms 3-165, 3-165B, and 3-165E) for mailing in the wings and tails. Inner envelopes to protect other mail from stains and seepage are enclosed with the instructions and return envelopes. These packages are sent to survey volunteers before the hunting season opens in their state. Throughout the hunting season, survey participants mail in parts to four collection points (one in each flyway), where they are stored until they are examined. At the end of the hunting season, biologists examine each part to determine species, age, and sex composition of the sample; hunters cannot reliably determine this information. After those data have been compiled, respondents are sent a personalized thank you letter detailing the species, age, and sex of each bird from which they contributed a wing or a tail. The proportions of species, age, and sex in the Parts Collection Survey are then applied to the total harvest estimates from the Migratory Bird Hunter Survey, to allocate harvest estimates among groups. The allocation is proportional to the state, because of different hunting regulations in states and different sampling rates.


Sandhill Crane Harvest Survey: Sampling is stratified according to State of permit issuance; sampling rates vary from 20% in States with many crane permittees (e.g., Texas) to 100% in States with few crane permittees (e.g., Wyoming). No specialized sampling procedures are required, and we use the standard estimation methods for stratified random samples. Stratum-specific (State-specific) estimates of the proportion of permittees that actually hunted cranes, the mean number of days hunted, and the mean number of cranes harvested are derived from the responses. Those estimates are expanded by N (number of permits issued) for each State to obtain State totals, which are then combined to provide estimates of the number of active crane hunters, days of hunting, and cranes harvested for all mid-continent sandhill crane hunting in the U.S. The 95% confidence interval for the annual harvest estimate is about +5%, which is a precision level that is adequate to ensure responsible harvest management (i.e., hunting regulations) decisions.


3. Describe methods to maximize response rates and to deal with issues of non-response. The accuracy and reliability of information collected must be shown to be adequate for intended uses. For collections based on sampling, a special justification must be provided for any collection that will not yield "reliable" data that can be generalized to the universe studied.


Response to the Migratory Bird Harvest Information Program is mandatory. We monitor participation by reviewing trends in data transmission from each state, for which we have direct information from 1999-present and indirect information from 1961-present. We also spot-check compliance by following the registrations of individual hunters (Appx. A). We use standard methods to encourage response to the Migratory Bird Harvest Survey, Parts Collection Survey, and Sandhill Crane Survey. These include a cover letter that is addressed to the individual hunter and signed by the Chief of the Division of Migratory Bird Management or the Chief of the Branch of Monitoring and Information Management. The letter explains why the information is important and includes a toll-free number to call and ask questions. The cover letters attempt to motivate the respondent and stress the importance of participation. Forms are sent as early in the hunting season as possible, to encourage participation. The online forms are dynamic, with one question asked at a time, and have been designed to be as attractive and as easy to use as possible. The online survey also allows hunters to add comments about their hunts, and they can download their hunt log at the end of the season with comments as a pdf or spreadsheet file. The Migratory Bird Hunter Survey and Sandhill Crane Survey requests daily diary records, to minimize response bias. The forms also includes space to record season totals, for hunters who do not wish to record daily hunting activity. The Migratory Bird Hunter Survey uses four email invitations, one every 6 days, followed by one paper invitation to contact non-respondents; for hunters who have not submitted email addresses, we send three waves of paper invitations, one every 2 weeks,,to contact non-respondents and encourage participation. Once hunters have registered for the survey online, they receive up to 3 end-of-hunting-season reminders by email to encourage submission of hunting data. The Sandhill Crane Survey also uses the same schedule of invitations, but without end of season reminders because most sample frame information are not available after the end of the season, when invitations are sent. The Parts Collection Survey maximizes response rates by using forms 3-165A, C, and D to solicit volunteer participants from a randomly selected sample of successful hunters. Solicitation forms are mailed out well in advance of the opening of the hunting season, so that survey envelopes can be mailed to them before the start of the hunting season. In these solicitation forms, we tell hunters that we will send a report that contains all of the biological data on the specimens they send in each year, as incentive to participate in the survey for the duration of the hunting season. This report is sent in June of each year. As described in item B. 2.g. above, double sampling estimates are used to detect and, if necessary, account for non-response.


Investigations of non-response bias and attempts to increase response rates. As requested by OMB in 2004 we conducted several investigations of non-response bias in our surveys. Based on these analyses, we do not believe that the following aspects of our surveys impart significant bias that requires adjustment via weighting:


(1) non-response bias and Parts Collection Survey – waterfowl;

(2) response wave bias and Migratory Bird Harvest Survey;

(3) non-response bias and Sandhill Crane Harvest Survey.


Summaries of those investigations were included with previous Information Collection Request packets and can be provided upon request.


4. Describe any tests of procedures or methods to be undertaken. Testing is encouraged as an effective means of refining collections of information to minimize burden and improve utility. Tests must be approved if they call for answers to identical questions from 10 or more respondents. A proposed test or set of tests may be submitted for approval separately or in combination with the main collection of information.


We conducted a 3-year test of the waterfowl and dove online surveys from 2019—2021 alongside a full paper harvest survey, in order to evaluate response rates, non-response bias, and harvest estimates from the two platforms. Analysis of these data have not yet been completed, and will be included in the next Information Collection Request.


5. Provide the name and telephone number of individuals consulted on statistical aspects of the design and the name of the agency unit, contractor(s), grantee(s), or other person(s) who will actually collect and/or analyze the information for the agency.


The individual directly responsible for information collection and analysis is: Dr. Kathleen Fleming, Chief, Branch of Monitoring and Information Management, Division of Migratory Bird Management, Laurel, MD 20708-4028, phone: (301) 497-5902.


The following statisticians have reviewed the statistical design and analysis of these surveys:


Dr. Christine M. Bunck, Deputy Center Director, USGS National Wildlife Health Center, Madison, WI 53711 (608-270-2407)


Mr. Grey W. Pendleton, Statistician (Biology), Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Douglas, AK 99824 (907-465-4353)


Dr. Robert E. Trost, Division of Migratory Bird Management, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 911 N.E. 11th Avenue, Portland, OR 97232-4181 (503-231-6162)


Dr. Paul H. Geissler, Biometrician, National Ecological Surveys Team, USGS Fort Collins Science Center, Fort Collins, CO 80526 (970-226-9482)

Table 1. Potential respondent universe (N) and number of waterfowl hunters sampled (n) by stratum for Form 3-2056J, based on 2015 counts. Each hunter is assigned a duck, sea duck, goose, and brant stratum

Duck hunters in stratum (N) and sample (n)


Seaduck hunters in stratum (N)
and sample (n)


Goose hunters in stratum (N) and sample (n)


Brant hunters in stratum (N)
and sample (n)

state

Bagged none

Bagged 1-10

Bagged > 10


state

Do not hunt

Do hunt


state

Bagged none

Bagged 1-10

Bagged > 10


state

Do not hunt

Do hunt

 

N

n

N

n

N

n


 

N

n

N

n


 

N

n

N

n

N

n


 

N

n

N

n

AK

5490

181

1308

74

922

76


AK

7179

267

541

64


AK

6631

239

831

59

258

33


AK

5943

152

1777

179

AL

120355

5473

6520

760

5957

1381


AL

0

0

0

0


AL

128899

6568

2388

516

1545

530


AL

0

0

0

0

AR

75671

1576

17574

1266

28888

4059


AR

0

0

0

0


AR

98247

3668

12601

1302

11285

1931


AR

0

0

0

0

AZ

34093

10069

1386

782

892

891


AZ

0

0

0

0


AZ

35811

11270

418

332

142

140


AZ

0

0

0

0

CA

99820

2079

12529

1449

21594

2989


CA

133552

6295

391

222


CA

114273

3646

11825

1531

7845

1340


CA

133367

6137

576

380

CO

48703

1886

7011

806

4304

955


CO

0

0

0

0


CO

49481

2084

6801

720

3736

843


CO

0

0

0

0

CT

3018

501

1343

362

365

150


CT

4726

1013

0

0


CT

3392

592

1017

295

317

126


CT

3392

1013

1334

0

DE

4449

746

1839

588

1696

862


DE

7328

1773

656

423


DE

4570

792

2039

687

1375

717


DE

6866

1663

1118

533

FL

82125

2166

6455

869

6105

1751


FL

0

0

0

0


FL

94685

4786

0

0

0

0


FL

0

0

0

0

GA

140535

3162

15347

1823

6940

1506


GA

0

0

0

0


GA

162822

6491

11455

1179

11455

1179


GA

0

0

0

0

IA

65482

4998

6133

911

5991

1286


IA

0

0

0

0


IA

68388

5497

5910

945

3308

753


IA

0

0

0

0

ID

26097

735

4595

386

4690

776


ID

0

0

0

0


ID

30241

1168

3980

470

1161

259


ID

0

0

0

0

IL

59330

1206

12462

755

9876

980


IL

0

0

0

0


IL

63914

1489

12162

844

5592

608


IL

0

0

0

0

IN

9072

586

5635

665

3099

656


IN

0

0

0

0


IN

10668

833

5235

655

1903

419


IN

0

0

0

0

KS

43785

1451

6826

483

8695

986


KS

0

0

0

0


KS

46940

1670

6453

506

5913

744


KS

0

0

0

0

KY

20949

728

4478

1142

4442

2090


KY

0

0

0

0


KY

24547

1809

4238

1602

1084

549


KY

0

0

0

0

LA

130000

3077

13939

2026

18291

3391


LA

0

0

0

0


LA

152294

6404

6812

1245

3124

845


LA

0

0

0

0

MA

8308

995

2221

573

611

236


MA

10201

1378

939

426


MA

9182

1186

1580

484

378

134


MA

10791

1583

349

221

MD

27301

1914

11049

2260

6417

1695


MD

33638

3425

11129

2444


MD

23677

1852

13744

2388

7346

1629


MD

41325

4939

3442

930

ME

20085

1726

1449

596

488

277


ME

18264

1040

3758

1559


ME

21107

2099

762

394

153

106


ME

0

0

0

0

MI

124998

2306

17891

1099

12043

1272


MI

0

0

0


MI

131222

2833

16465

1068

7245

776


MI

0

0

0

0

MN

87871

1408

35065

1588

23635

1456


MN

0

0

0

0


MN

105872

2097

29532

1529

11167

826


MN

0

0

0

0

MO

51972

1687

8281

845

9999

1325


MO

0

0

0

0


MO

59827

2413

6111

731

4314

713


MO

0

0

0

0

MS

63491

1839

7562

1057

7523

1428


MS

0

0

0

0


MS

73615

3265

3632

718

1329

341


MS

0

0

0

0

MT

54140

1911

3846

664

2854

667


MT

0

0

0

0


MT

53339

1938

4899

746

2602

558


MT

0

0

0

0

NC

274252

3524

18600

1488

12473

1559


NC

0

0

0

0


NC

290881

4827

11270

1201

3174

543


NC

239562

4917

65763

1654

ND

35305

1281

14007

1802

16279

2505


ND

0

0

0

0


ND

42508

2287

15352

1935

7731

1366


ND

0

0

0

0

NE

15613

705

5438

741

4403

891


NE

0

0

0

0


NE

16640

973

5745

764

3069

600


NE

0

0

0

0

NH

5988

781

1566

569

395

281


NH

7756

1480

193

151


NH

6677

1015

1061

462

211

154


NH

7916

1604

33

27

NJ

6821

713

2755

545

1701

424


NJ

10443

1393

834

289


NJ

7871

905

2112

473

1294

304


NJ

9238

1128

2039

554

NM

25274

1756

1416

180

841

177


NM

0

0

0

0


NM

26700

1942

667

116

164

55


NM

0

0

0

0

NV

5989

505

1208

318

917

399


NV

0

0

0

0


NV

7135

799

779

330

200

93


NV

0

0

0

0

NY

23419

1604

9924

1377

5079

1163


NY

32367

2665

6055

1479


NY

25589

2123

8280

1055

4553

966


NY

31909

2646

6513

1498

OH

26459

641

7864

440

3035

307


OH

0

0

0

0


OH

27363

725

7708

433

2287

230


OH

0

0

0

0

OK

37044

2016

4228

567

6418

1460


OK

0

0

0

0


OK

42037

2737

3476

705

2177

601


OK

0

0

0

0

OR

28204

985

6139

626

8257

2389


OR

42293

3693

307

307


OR

33525

1880

5320

899

3755

1221


OR

42481

3881

119

119

PA

81738

2169

11669

1178

4945

831


PA

0

0

0

0


PA

82039

2401

11166

989

5147

788


PA

0

0

0

0

RI

1068

348

422

241

243

148


RI

1224

407

509

330


RI

1178

382

379

238

176

117


RI

977

254

756

483

SC

83854

1993

7082

1340

5758

1691


SC

0

0

0

0


SC

93844

3994

2353

715

497

315


SC

0

0

0

0

SD

33830

5985

86

20

74

24


SD

0

0

0

0


SD

33890

6005

91

20

9

4


SD

0

0

0

0

TN

56374

571

5492

281

6137

629


TN

0

0

0

0


TN

61986

838

3666

287

2352

356


TN

0

0

0

0

TX

700142

5370

28537

2703

32180

3962


TX

0

0

0

0


TX

745002

10076

10958

1206

4899

753


TX

0

0

0

0

UT

17316

827

6843

909

5270

1130


UT

0

0

0

0


UT

24900

1892

3701

737

828

237


UT

0

0

0

0

VA

32370

1904

6984

987

4032

932


VA

41814

3297

1572

526


VA

35084

2213

6110

1038

2192

572


VA

41574

3343

1812

480

VT

5633

683

1489

444

710

306


VT

0

0

0

0


VT

6274

848

1187

421

371

164


VT

0

0

0

0

WA

24769

2357

7424

1686

9878

3386


WA

41841

7273

230

156


WA

32399

4463

6657

1915

3015

1051


WA

41147

7004

924

425

WI

92336

1985

28512

1809

14793

1575


WI

0

0

0

0


WI

113367

3446

19072

1528

3202

395


WI

0

0

0

0

WV

4310

1476

764

522

327

327


WV

0

0

0

0


WV

4507

1604

658

494

236

227


WV

0

0

0

0

WY

4981

732

1858

659

1021

583


WY

0

0

0

0


WY

5234

916

1897

681

729

377


WY

0

0

0

0

Total

3030229

95317

393051

45261

341483

60220


Total

392626

35399

27114

8376


Total

3340274

135980

300555

39588

146845

27588


Total

616488

40264

86555

7483


Table 2. Potential respondent universe (N) and number of mourning dove and band-tailed pigeon hunters sampled (n) by stratum for Form 3-2056K, based on 2015 counts.

 

Mourning dove hunters in stratum (N) and sample (n)


Band-tailed pigeon hunters in stratum (N) and sample (n)

 

Bagged none

 

 

Bagged 1-10

 

 

Bagged >10

 

 

Do not hunt

 

 

Do hunt

 

 

State

N

n

Sampling rate

N

n

Sampling rate

N

n

Sampling rate

N

n

Sampling rate

N

n

Sampling rate

AL

105461

5245

0.049734025

20522

1301

0.063395381

6849

1068

0.155935173

0

0

 

0

0

 

AR

94883

3776

0.039796381

17663

1592

0.090131914

9587

1533

0.159904037

0

0

 

0

0

 

AZ

20146

6592

0.327211357

12815

3796

0.296215373

3410

1354

0.397067449

29632

8104

0.273488121

6739

3638

0.539842707

CA

94576

3373

0.035664439

30471

1997

0.065537724

8896

1147

0.128934353

132078

5887

0.044572147

1865

630

0.337801609

CO

47252

1873

0.039638534

6654

625

0.093928464

6112

1149

0.187990838

59019

3325

0.05633779

999

322

0.322322322

DE

5834

1270

0.217689407

1573

602

0.382708201

577

324

0.56152513

 

0

 

0

0

 

FL

81581

3053

0.037422929

10293

1102

0.107063053

2811

631

0.224475276

0

0

 

0

0

 

GA

116708

3037

0.026022209

37327

2318

0.062099821

8787

1136

0.129281894

0

0

 

0

0

 

IA

69672

5582

0.080118268

6395

1145

0.17904613

1539

468

0.304093567

0

0

 

0

0

 

ID

30286

1138

0.037575117

4480

583

0.130133929

616

176

0.285714286

0

0

 

0

0

 

IL

64241

1810

0.028175153

14704

836

0.056855277

2723

295

0.108336394

0

0

 

0

0

 

IN

10489

857

0.081704643

6025

732

0.121493776

1292

275

0.212848297

0

0

 

0

0

 

KS

35916

1219

0.033940305

15211

893

0.058707514

8179

808

0.098789583

0

0

 

0

0

 

KY

13484

1053

0.078092554

12051

1813

0.150443947

4334

1094

0.252422704

0

0

 

0

0

 

LA

143886

5406

0.037571411

14405

2224

0.154390837

3939

864

0.219345011

0

0

 

0

0

 

MD

36202

3810

0.105242804

7663

1748

0.228109096

902

311

0.344789357

0

0

 

0

0

 

MN

136636

3314

0.024254223

6196

577

0.093124597

3739

561

0.150040118

0

0

 

0

0

 

MO

55152

2047

0.037115608

11149

1236

0.110861961

3951

574

0.145279676

0

0

 

0

0

 

MS

61013

2288

0.037500205

13250

1285

0.096981132

4313

751

0.174124739

0

0

 

0

0

 

MT

59954

2912

0.048570571

727

243

0.334250344

159

87

0.547169811

0

0

 

0

0

 

NC

253741

3349

0.013198498

45406

2543

0.056005814

6178

679

0.109906118

0

0

 

0

0

 

ND

58566

4094

0.06990404

5552

1039

0.187139769

1473

455

0.308893415

0

0

 

0

0

 

NE

16159

1017

0.062937063

7306

956

0.130851355

1989

364

0.183006536

0

0

0

0

NM

21143

1210

0.057229343

4801

541

0.112684857

1587

362

0.22810334

23867

861

0.036074915

3664

1252

0.341703057

NV

5972

636

0.106496986

1900

433

0.227894737

242

153

0.632231405

0

0

 

0

0

 

OH

26867

766

0.028510813

8938

431

0.048221079

1553

190

0.122343851

0

0

 

0

0

 

OK

33919

2100

0.061912203

10079

1174

0.11647981

3692

769

0.208288191

0

0

 

0

0

 

OR

37973

2891

0.076133042

3502

687

0.196173615

1125

422

0.375111111

42091

3811

0.090541921

509

189

0.371316306

PA

80814

2507

0.031021853

15248

1277

0.083748688

2290

394

0.172052402

0

0

 

0

0

 

RI

1542

596

0.386511025

175

127

0.725714286

16

14

0.875

0

0

 

0

0

 

SC

78941

2415

0.030592468

13589

1707

0.125616307

4164

902

0.216618636

0

0

 

0

0

 

SD

33986

6027

0.177337727

4

2

0.5

0

0

0

0

 

0

0

 

TN

52909

540

0.010206203

9735

429

0.044067797

5361

512

0.09550457

0

0

 

0

0

 

TX

537863

3753

0.006977613

138736

3989

0.028752451

84260

4293

0.050949442

0

0

 

0

0

 

UT

24759

1966

0.079405469

4202

756

0.179914327

468

144

0.307692308

28178

2592

0.091986656

1251

274

0.21902478

VA

28852

1805

0.062560654

9172

998

0.10880942

5362

1020

0.190227527

0

0

 

0

0

 

WA

39108

6123

0.156566431

2746

1111

0.404588492

217

77

0.35483871

0

0

 

0

0

 

WI

127354

4392

0.034486549

7598

851

0.112003159

689

126

0.18287373

41865

7292

0.174178908

206

137

0.665048544

WV

4128

1539

0.372819767

1273

786

0.61743912

0

0

0

0

 

0

0

 

WY

6556

1420

0.216595485

1102

420

0.381125227

202

134

0.663366337

0

0

 

0

0

 

Total

2754524

108801

0.086111084

540638

46905

0.181567719

203583

25616

0.264870403

356730

31872

0.109597208

15233

6442

0.399579904


Table 3. Potential respondent universe (N) and number of woodcock hunters (n) sampled by stratum, for Form 3-2056L, based on 2015 counts.

 

Woodcock hunters in stratum (N) and sample (n)

 

Do not hunt


Do hunt

State

N

n


N

n

AL

132,178

7,278


654

336

AR

116,912

5,983


5,221

918

CT

4,245

797


481

216

DE

7,859

2,110


125

78

FL

93,384

4,474


1,301

312

GA

160,132

5,970


2,690

521

IA

74,289

5,249


3,317

1,946

IL

80,433

2,711


1,235

230

IN

17,577

1,776


229

131

KS

59,028

2,715


278

205

KY

29,517

3,794


352

166

LA

158,711

7,681


3,519

813

MA

10,375

1,489


765

315

MD

43,960

5,368


807

501

ME

21,102

2,015


920

584

MI

142,920

3,814


12,012

863

MN

138,207

3,514


8,364

938

MO

69,409

3,500


843

357

MS

77,454

3,921


1,122

403

NC

300,477

6,056


4,848

515

NE

25,451

2,336


3

1

NH

6,668

1,174


1,281

457

NJ

10,664

1,382


613

300

NY

36,907

3,557


1,515

587

OH

36,792

1,308


566

80

OK

47,595

3,986


95

57

PA

94,404

3,532


3,948

646

RI

1,639

663


94

74

SC

0

4,725


0

299

SD

96,110

6,029


584

0

TN

66,272

1,209


1,732

272

TX

760,580

11,970


279

65

VA

42,731

3,508


655

315

VT

7,233

1,218


599

215

WI

127,391

4,465


8,250

904

WV

5,174

2,099


227

226

Total

3,103,780

133,376

 

69,524

14,846


Table 4. Potential respondent universe (N) and number of snipe/coot and rail/gallinule hunters sampled (n) by stratum for Form 3-2056M, based on 2015 counts. Each hunter is assigned to both a coot/snipe and rail/gallinule stratum.

 

Coot/snipe hunters in stratum (N) and sample (n)

 

Rail/gallinule hunters in stratum (N) and sample (n)

 

Do not hunt


Do hunt


Do not hunt

 

Do hunt

State

N

n


N

n


N

n


N

n

AK

7517

308

 

203

23

 

0

0

 

0

0

AL

131945

7314


887

300


132447

264


385

59

AR

117773

6516


4360

385


119492

124


2641

31

AZ

35314

11252


1057

489


35668

480


703

35

CA

131674

5863


2269

654


133403

270


540

105

CO

58009

3376


2009

271


59706

199


312

11

CT

4703

994


23

19


4678

101


48

27

DE

7789

2073


195

123


7910

128


74

23

FL

89784

3908


4901

878


93232

191


1453

63

GA

159789

5934


3033

557


160882

147


1940

177

IA

74120

5180


3486

2015


74418

191


3188

800

ID

35230

1870


152

27


35382

73


0

0

IL

80761

2870


907

71


81363

82


305

16

IN

17375

1645


431

262


17692

38


114

58

KS

59053

2728


253

192


59087

150


219

109

KY

29204

3725


665

235


29811

31


58

8

LA

156962

7340


5268

1154


158753

399


3477

92

MA

10908

1629


232

175


11021

218


119

45

MD

43646

5430


1121

439


43832

88


935

169

ME

18399

1103


3623

1496


18392

42


3630

148

MI

152826

4518


2106

159


152826

156


2106

26

MN

137257

3966


9314

486


138577

141


7994

163

MO

68804

3687


1448

170


69591

137


661

13

MS

64325

2750


14251

1574


64142

135


14434

37

MT

60149

3035


691

207


60840

124


0

0

NC

259207

5263


46118

1308


261810

193


43515

140

ND

64581

5013


1010

575


0

0


0

0

NE

24526

2210


928

127


24799

64


655

16

NH

7879

1585


70

46


0

0


0

0

NJ

11009

1551


268

131


11016

142


261

76

NM

26074

1631


1457

482


26200

34


1331

216

NV

7863

1043


251

179


8014

85


100

53

NY

34533

3056


3889

1088


34839

139


3583

201

OH

36368

1304


990

84


37011

43


347

13

OK

47414

3920


276

123


47623

101


67

19

OR

39482

3324


3118

676


0

0


0

0

PA

96457

3880


1895

298


96990

102


1362

33

RI

1507

583


226

154


1528

36


205

23

SC

96055

4741


639

283


96172

248


522

70

SD

33987

6026


3

3


0

0


0

0

TN

66479

1251


1525

230


66721

15


1283

18

TX

760053

11887


806

148


760693

381


166

13

UT

23032

2006


6397

860


0

0


0

0

VA

42589

3452


797

371


42642

215


744

225

VT

7775

1394


57

39


0

0


0

0

WA

31378

2977


10693

4452


0

0


0

0

WI

128421

4700


7220

669


129822

109


5819

197

WV

5227

2179


174

145


5257

214


144

49

WY

7414

1665


446

309


7668

103


192

97

Total

3,612,626

175,655

152,138

25,141

3,421,950

6,133

105,632

3,674

Table 5. Potential sample universe for the Waterfowl Parts Survey Form 3-165, based on 2015 data.

 

Ducks


Geese

State

Harvest

Number of wings

 

Harvest

Number of wings

AK

20,300

525


5,400

89

AL

106,800

488


12,500

21

AR

945,400

3685


86,900

222

AZ

21,700

505


2,500

20

CA

1,266,100

7511


167,700

755

CO

111,900

472


80,200

270

CT

7,700

186


5,700

190

DE

26,700

315


13,700

136

FL

183,500

1750


900

15

GA

135,800

568


56,600

109

IA

167,900

1055


54,900

139

ID

173,700

1659


44,100

355

IL

263,200

1657


90,200

380

IN

75,400

424


37,400

149

KS

236,200

1565


109,000

303

KY

129,400

369


29,000

55

LA

846,400

5497


54,300

62

MA

17,900

474


9,800

185

MD

71,400

970


106,100

869

ME

12,200

412


7,300

184

MI

317,500

1061


159,700

458

MN

573,400

1670


143,700

296

MO

408,700

2099


45,700

237

MS

222,900

924


14,600

44

MT

183,700

1154


73,400

486

NC

309,200

1717


37,400

88

ND

509,300

4727


162,400

1400

NE

167,000

1555


91,000

282

NH

9,700

256


4,100

77

NJ

37,500

742


16,100

257

NM

24,300

598


2,300

18

NV

27,200

563


4,500

86

NY

129,200

2015


102,900

995

OH

120,600

676


65,100

165

OK

261,600

1673


42,200

84

OR

238,900

4388


52,000

692

PA

69,500

721


76,400

783

RI

5,400

237


3,700

219

SC

139,500

983


19,300

11

SD

180,800

1977


73,200

313

TN

196,500

761


20,300

35

TX

733,700

6641


92,600

188

UT

193,000

1722


21,100

147

VA

112,700

1277


40,500

355

VT

14,800

253


6,800

143

WA

444,400

4106


63,300

553

WI

449,400

1627


99,600

307

WV

5,900

84


3,700

90

WY

31,100

750


18,400

295

Total

10,937,000

77,044

2,530,200

13,612


Table 6. Potential sample universe for the Mourning Dove Parts Collection Survey for Form 3-165D, based on 2015 data.

ST

Doves harvested

Dove wings collected

AL

428,000

503

AR

252,500

300

AZ

401,500

1046

CA

686,900

621

CO

204,500

641

DE

24,900

91

FL

142,000

466

GA

725,800

341

IA

111,500

266

ID

100,800

356

IL

283,700

575

IN

93,700

721

KS

558,200

268

KY

286,600

26

LA

214,200

151

MD

63,100

105

MN

96,800

310

MO

307,400

348

MS

257,100

246

MT

18,100

25

NC

734,300

591

ND

73,600

545

NE

160,700

391

NM

111,900

133

NV

22,400

204

OH

131,300

397

OK

294,000

312

OR

22,600

127

PA

119,300

153

RI

1,100

15

SC

548,700

362

SD

84,600

405

TN

288,400

294

TX

4,892,200

572

UT

54,800

240

VA

229,500

274

WA

43,600

258

WI

60,400

133

WV

13,700

32

WY

15,000

401

Total

13,159,400

13,245


Table 7. Potential sample universe for the Other Migratory Game Bird Survey for Form 3-165B, based on 2015 data.

 

Woodcock


Rail species


Band-tailed pigeon

State

Harvest

Number of wings

 

Harvest

Number of wings

 

Harvest

Number of wings

AL

6,200


0

0


.

.

AR

7,300

2


0

2


.

.

AZ

0

. 1


.

.


500

0

CA

0

.


.

.


6,700

32

CO

0

.


0

0


200

0

CT

800

171


200

0


.

.

DE

100

7


0

0


.

.

FL

0

0


3,600

0


.

.

GA

1,800

51


3,500

15


.

.

IA

400

19


0

5


.

.

IL

200

3


0

0


.

.

IN

600

68


100

0


.

.

KS

400

0


0

0


.

.

KY

600

1


0

0


.

.

LA

3,600

195


200

2


.

.

MA

1,800

434


100

3


.

.

MD

1,100

119


8,200

0


.

.

ME

4,800

936


0

0


.

.

MI

63,200

2,781


1,000

0


.

.

MN

25,700

1,232


0

19


.

.

MO

400

53


0

11


.

.

MS

3,600

23


0

0


.

.

NC

7,200

114


0

76


.

.

NE

0

0


0

0


.

.

NH

9,200

691


.

.


.

.

NJ

4,800

205


1,700

26


.

.

NM

0

.


0

0


100

6

NY

8,700

623


0

2


.

.

OH

2,200

105


100

2


.

.

OK

0

0


500

0


.

.

OR

0

.


.

.


600

36

PA

5,400

353


0

0


.

.

RI

200

4


100

0


.

.

SC

2,000

201


3,500

25


.

.

TN

0

3


0

0


.

.

TX

1,000

.


0

0


.

.

UT

0

.


.

.


20

0

VA

3,300

213


4,200

105


.

.

VT

3,400

393


.

.


.

.

WA

0

.


.

.


100

15

WI

31,000

2,281


0

0


.

.

WV

800

62


0

0


.

.

WY

0

.


600

0


.

.

Total

201,800

11,343

 

27,600

293

 

8,220

89

1 "." indicates no season available in the state.






Table 8. Potential respondant universe, number of sandhill crane hunters, and response rates for Form 3-2056N, based on 2015 counts.

state

Number of hunters

Number sampled

Number of responses

Response rate

AK

2,186

206

77

37%

CO

787

459

178

39%

KS

1,040

662

307

46%

MN

1,199

600

342

57%

MT

404

404

316

78%

ND

4,543

909

609

67%

NM

365

365

284

78%

OK

510

257

141

55%

SD

4,876

605

392

65%

TX

22,033

4,407

1,807

41%

WY

454

454

313

69%

Total

38,397

9,328

4,766

55%






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