2023 Supporting Statement-1545-0074

SUPPORTING STATEMENT

Internal Revenue Service

U.S. Income Tax Return for Individual Taxpayers

OMB Control Number 1545-0074

1. CIRCUMSTANCES NECESSITATING COLLECTION OF INFORMATION

Sections 6011 & 6012 of the Internal Revenue Code (IRC) require individuals to prepare and file income tax returns annually. These forms and related schedules are used by individuals to report their income subject to tax and compute their correct tax liability.

Regulations section 1.6011-1 explains that every person subject to any tax, or required to collect any tax, under Subtitle A of the Code, shall make such returns or statements as are required by the regulations. The return or statement shall include therein the information required by the applicable regulations or forms. Section 1.6012-1 explains the general guidelines for individuals required to make returns of income.

Copies of the prescribed return forms are so far as possible furnished to taxpayers by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). A taxpayer will not be excused from making a return, however, by the fact that no return form has been furnished to him. Taxpayers not supplied with the proper forms should make application therefor to the district director in ample time to have their returns prepared, verified, and filed on or before the due date with the internal revenue office where such returns are required to be filed. Each taxpayer should carefully prepare his return and set forth fully and clearly the information required to be included therein. Returns which have not been so prepared will not be accepted as meeting the requirements of the Code. In the absence of a prescribed form, a statement made by a taxpayer disclosing his gross income and the deductions there from may be accepted as a tentative return, and, if filed within the prescribed time, the statement so made will relieve the taxpayer from liability for the addition to tax imposed for the delinquent filing of the return, provided that without unnecessary delay such a tentative return is supplemented by a return made on the proper form.

This information collection request (ICR) covers the actual reporting burden associated with preparing and submitting the prescribed return forms, by individuals required to file Form 1040 and any of its affiliated forms.

OMB clearance for the burden estimate will be requested before the relevant tax filing season but after the IRS has had the opportunity to update its models with prior year data and to make necessary revisions to draft forms (including providing drafts to public for comment) and is sought on an annual basis instead of on the regular 3-year Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA) cycle. Doing so ensures that new and updated forms can be made available for use on a timelier basis.

Form No.		Form Description
Form 1040	__	Annual income tax return filed by citizens or residents of the United States.
Form 1040(SP)	__	Spanish version of the annual income tax return filed by citizens or residents of the United States.
Form 1040 Schedule 1	__	This form is used by Form 1040 filers who have income or adjustments not listed on the Form 1040.
Form 1040 Schedule 1 (SP)	__	This form is used by 1040 (SP) or 1040SR (SP) filers who have additional income or adjustments to income not listed of F 1040 (SP) or F 1040SR (SP).
Form 1040 Schedule 2	__	Form 1040 Sch 2 is used by F 1040 or F 1040-SR filers who have income or adjustments to income not entered directly on F 1040 or F 1040-SR.
Form 1040 Schedule 2 (SP)	__	This form is used by 1040(SP) or 1040-SR(SP) filers who have income or adjustments to income not listed on F 1040(SP) or F 1040-SR(SP).
Form 1040 Schedule 3	__	This form is used by Form 1040 filers who have additional nonrefundable credits not entered on the Form 1040.
Form 1040 Schedule 3 (SP)	__	This form is used by 1040 (SP) or 1040SR (SP) filers who have additional credits or payments not listed on Form 1040 (SP) or Form 1040SR (SP).
Form 1040-C	__	Form 1040-C is used by departing aliens who intend to depart from the U.S., for purposes of reporting income received or expected to be received for the entire taxable year, determined as nearly as may be, up to and including the date of intended departure.
Form 1040 X	__	Used by individual taxpayers to amend prior year tax returns.
Form 1040 NR	__	Used by all nonresident alien individuals whether or not engaged in trade or business within the United States; required for filing nonresident alien fiduciary (estates and trusts) returns.
Form 1040 NR (SP)	__	Used by all nonresident alien individuals whether or not engaged in trade or business within the United States; required for filing nonresident alien fiduciary (estates and trusts) returns.
1040 NR (Schedule NEC)	__	Report gains and losses from the sales or exchanges of capital assets that are not effectively connected with a trade or business in the United States
1040 NR (Schedule NEC) (SP)	__	Report gains and losses from the sales or exchanges of capital assets that are not effectively connected with a trade or business in the United States.
1040 NR (Schedule A)	__	This form is used by Form 1040NR filers who have income or adjustments not reported directly on the Form 1040NR.
1040 NR (Schedule A) (SP)	__	This form is used by Form 1040NR filers who have income or adjustments not reported directly on the Form 1040NR.
1040 NR (Schedule OI)	__	This form is used by Form 1040NR filers who have additional nonrefundable credits not entered on the Form 1040NR for additional credits or payments not entered directly on Form 1040NR.
1040 NR (Schedule OI) (SP)	__	This form is used by Form 1040NR filers who have additional nonrefundable credits not entered on the Form 1040NR for additional credits or payments not entered directly on Form 1040NR.
1040 NR (Schedule P)		Schedule P (Form 1040-NR) is used by a nonresident alien, foreign trust, or foreign estate (“transferor”) to report information and calculate gain or loss regarding its transfer of an interest in a partnership.
Form 1040-PR	__	Self-employed persons in Puerto Rico use Form 1040 (PR) to compute self-employment tax.
Form 1040-SR	__	Annual income tax return filed by citizens or residents of the United States who are 65 or older.
Form 1040-SR (SP)	__	Annual income tax filed by taxpayers 65 years and older whose language preference is Spanish.
Form 1040-SS	__	Residents of the U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI), and Puerto Rico use Form 1040-SS to report self-employment taxes, household employment taxes, uncollected tax on tips or certain life insurance, and to claim excess social security tax and - for Puerto Rico only - to claim the additional child or health coverage tax credits.
Schedule A (Form 1040)	__	Effective with the 2019 revision, use Schedule A to report item deductions and file with either Form 1040 or Form 1040-SR.
Schedule B (Form 1040)	__	Form 1040 Schedule B is used to report interest and ordinary dividend income.
Schedule C (Form 1040)	__	Use Schedule C to report income or loss from a business operated or profession practiced as a sole proprietor or to report wages and expenses as a statutory employee.
Schedule C (Form 1040 SP)		Use Schedule C to report income or loss from a business operated or profession practiced as a sole proprietor or to report wages and expenses as a statutory employee. (Spanish Version)
Schedule D (Form 1040)	__	Form 1040 filers use Schedule D to report sales or exchanges or certain involuntary conversions of capital assets, certain capital gain distributions, and nonbusiness bad debts.
Schedule E (Form 1040)	__	Use Schedule E to report income from rental real estate, royalties, partnerships, S corporations, estates, trusts, and residual interests in real estate mortgage investment conduits (REMICs).
Schedule EIC (Form 1040)	__	Forms 1040 and 1040A filers who claim the earned income credit use Schedule EIC to give IRS information about the qualifying child.
Schedule EIC (SP) (F. 1040)	__	Used by Forms 1040 and 1040-SR filers who claim the earned income credit use Schedule EIC to give IRS information about the qualifying child. (Spanish version)
Schedule F (Form 1040)	__	Farmers use Schedule F with their Forms 1040, 1040-SR, 1041, 1065, or 1065-B to report farm income or losses, and expenses.
Schedule F (Form 1040 SP)		Farmers use Schedule F with their Forms 1040, 1040-SR, 1041, 1065, or 1065-B to report farm income or losses, and expenses. (Spsnaish Version)
Schedule H (Form 1040)	__	Household employers use Schedule H (Form 1040) with their Forms 1040, 1040NR, 1040-SS, or 1041 to report household employment taxes.
Schedule J (Form 1040)	__	Farmers use Schedule J with Form 1040 to elect to figure their tax over the previous three years if their income is high for the current year and was low in one or more of the previous three years.
Schedule LEP (Form 1040)	__	This product will be used by individuals to elect to receive certain types of written correspondence from the IRS in a Limited English Proficiency (LEP) format.
Schedule LEP (SP) (Form 1040(SP))	__	This product will be used by individuals to receive certain types of written correspondence from the IRS in Spanish.
Schedule R (Form 1040)	__	Use Schedule R to figure the credit for the elderly or the disabled.
Schedule SE (Form 1040)	__	Self-employed persons use Schedule SE to figure the self-employment tax due on their net earnings.
Schedule SE (Form 1040 SP)		Self-employed persons use Schedule SE to figure the self-employment tax due on their net earnings. (Spansih Version)
Form 1040 V	__	Individual taxpayers who have a balance due on their Form 1040, Form 1040SR or Form 1040NR, can send Form 1040-V With their payment to allow IRS to process the payment more accurately and efficiently.
Form 1040 ES/OCR	__	Form 1040-ES(OCR) estimated tax payment vouchers. Form 1040-ES(OCR) contains four estimated tax payment vouchers.
Form 1040 ES	__	Persons with income not subject to tax withholding use Form 1040-ES to figure and pay estimated tax.
Form 1040 ES (NR)	__	Nonresident aliens use Form 1040-ES (NR) to figure estimated tax on income not subject to tax withholding.
Form 1040 ES (PR)	__	Persons in Puerto Rico use Form 1040-ES (PR), which has four (4) declaration vouchers, to pay self-employment tax.
Schedule 8812 (Form 1040)	__	Form 1040 Schedule 8812 is used by taxpayers to calculate and report the Child Tax Credit and the Additional Child Tax Credit.
Schedule 8812(SP) (Form 1040)	__	Form 1040 Schedule 8812 is used by taxpayers to calculate and report the Child Tax Credit and the Additional Child Tax Credit (Spanish version).
Form 461	__	This form is used to calculate the limitation on trade or businesses losses as defined by IRC 461(I).
Form 673	__	Form 673 is to be filed with your U.S. employer to claim an exemption from U.S. income tax withholding on wages earned abroad to the extent of the foreign earned income exclusion and foreign housing exclusion.
Form 926	__	This form is used to report certain transfers by individuals, partnerships, corporations, or estates or trusts of tangible or intangible property to a foreign corporation.
Form 965-A	__	Corporate Report of Net Tax Liability by reason of Section 965
Form 965-C	__	Instructions for Form 965-C, Transfer Agreement Under 965(h)(3)
Form 970	__	Used by taxpayers to elect to use the last-in, first-out (LIFO) inventory method.
Form 972	__	Shareholders use Form 972 to agree to report as a taxable dividend on their own tax return a consent dividend even though they received no distribution.
Form 982	__	Form 982 is used to determine under certain circumstances described in section 108 the amount of discharged indebtedness that can be excluded from gross income.
Form 1045	__	For use by taxpayers (other than corporations) who have a net operating loss carryback and desire a quick refund of taxes.
Form 1098-F	__	Fines, Penalties and Other Amounts
Form 1116	__	Used to support the foreign tax credit claimed for the amount of any income, war profits, and excess profits tax paid or accrued during the taxable year to any foreign country or U.S. possession.
Form 1127	__	Form 1127 is used by taxpayers to request extension of time to pay taxes.
Form 1128	__	Form 1128 is used by taxpayers to request a change in tax year.
Form 1310	__	Form 1310 is used to claim a refund on behalf of a deceased taxpayer.
Form 2106	__	For optional use to support deductions from income tax for travel, transportation, outside salesman or educational expenses (except moving expenses).
Form 2120	__	Persons claiming a dependent under the multiple support rules use Form 2120 to identify all other eligible persons and to indicate they have signed statements from them waiving their rights to claim that person as a dependent.
Form 2210	__	Form 2210 is filed as an explanation to avoid penalty for underpayment of estimated tax.
Form 2210-F	__	Persons whose gross income from farming or fishing is at least two-thirds of their gross annual income use Form 2210-F to see if they owe a penalty for underpaying their estimated tax.
Form 2350	__	U.S. citizens and resident aliens abroad use Form 2350 to ask for an extension of time to file their tax returns if they need the time to meet the bona fide residence or physical presence test to qualify for special tax treatment.
Form 2350 SP	__	U.S. citizens and resident aliens abroad use Form 2350 (SP) to ask for an extension of time to file their tax returns if they need the time to meet the bona fide residence or physical presence test to qualify for special tax treatment.
Form 2441	__	If you paid someone to care for your child or other qualifying person so you (and your spouse if filing a joint return) could work or look for work, you may be able to take the credit for child and dependent care expenses. Use Form 2441 to figure the amount of your credit.
Form 2555	__	If you are a U.S. citizen or a U.S. resident alien living in a foreign country, you are subject to the same U.S. income tax laws that apply to citizens and resident aliens living in the United States. But if you qualify, use Form 2555 to exclude a limited amount of your foreign earned income.
Form 3115	__	Taxpayers use Form 3115 to request a change in either an overall accounting method or the accounting treatment of any item.
Form 3468	__	Use Form 3468 to claim the investment credit.
Form 3520	__	U.S. persons file Form 3520 to report certain transactions with foreign trusts, and receipt of certain large gifts of bequests from certain foreign persons.
Form 3800	__	Filers use Form 3800 to claim any of the general business credits.
Form 3903	__	Form 3903 is used to report moving expenses that can be deducted on Form 1040 for a move related to the start of a new job.
Form 4070	__	This form is not filed with IRS but is completed by the employee who receives tips and given to employer each month (may be required more frequently than monthly by certain employers).
Form 4070A	__	Form 4070 A is not filed with IRS but is used by employees to keep a record of daily tips.
Form 4136	__	Taxpayers (other than partnerships who are not electing large partnerships) use Form 4136 to claim a credit for certain nontaxable uses or sales of fuel during the tax year.
Form 4137	__	Employees who did not report tips to their employers, including any allocated tips shown in box 8 of their Form(s) W-2, use Form 4137 to figure the social security and Medicare tax owed on those tips.
Form 4255	__	Taxpayers who dispose of (or whose property ceases to be) investment credit property before the end of the useful life used in computing the investment credit, use Form 4255 to figure the increase in tax for the recapture of investment credit claimed.
Form 4361	__	Ministers, members of religious orders who have not taken a vow of poverty, and Christian Science practitioners use Form 4361 to claim exemption from tax on self-employment income.
Form 4562	__	Taxpayers use Form 4562 to claim a deduction for depreciation or amortization, to make the section 179 election to expense certain property, and to provide information on the business/investment use of cars and other listed property.
Form 4563	__	Bona fide residents of American Samoa for the entire tax year use Form 4563 to figure the amount of income they may exclude from gross income.
Form 4684	__	This form is for optional use by individual as a guide for reporting gains and losses resulting from casualties and thefts.
Form 4797	__	This form is used to report the details of gains and losses from the sale, exchange, involuntary conversion (from other than casualty or theft loss), or disposition of the following: property used in your trade or business, depreciable or amortizable property, capital and non-capital (other than inventory) assets held in connection with the trade or business, or capital assets not reported on Schedule D.
Form 4835	__	Used by landowner (or sublessor) to report gross farm rental income based on crops or livestock shares where the taxpayer does not materially participate in the operation or management of the farm.
Form 4852	__	Form is used by taxpayers to estimate wages and income taxes withheld when Form W-2 is not available from employer.
Form 4852(SP)	__	Form is used by taxpayers to estimate wages and income taxes withheld when Form W-2 is not available from employer.
Form 4868	__	Individuals use Form 4868 to apply for six (6) more months to file Form 1040, 1040A, 1040EZ, 1040NR, or 1040NR-EZ.
Form 4868 SP	__	Individuals use Form 4868 (SP) to apply for four (4) more months to file Form 1040, 1040A, 1040EZ, or 1040NR-EZ.
Form 4952	__	Individuals, estates, and trusts use Form 4952 to figure the amount of investment interest expense (interest paid on loans allocable to investment property) they can deduct and the amount they can carry forward to future years.
Form 4970	__	Beneficiaries who receive an accumulation distribution from certain domestic trust use Form 4970 to figure the partial tax on the distribution.
Form 4972	__	Form used in averaging lump-sum distributions to determine whether the income tax computed under the averaging provisions is the most advantageous.
Form 5074	__	U.S. citizens and residents with adjusted gross income of $50,000 or more that includes at least $5,000 from Guam or Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI) sources use Form 5074 to provide information to the US.
Form 5213	__	Individuals, trusts, estates, and S corporations use Form 5213 to elect to postpone an IRS determination as to whether the presumption applies that an activity is engaged in for profit.
Form 5329	__	Form used by any individual who has established a retirement account, annuity or retirement bond.
Form 5405	__	Use Form 5405 to claim the first-time homebuyer credit.
Form 5471	__	Certain U.S. citizens or residents who are officers, directors, or shareholders in certain foreign corporations use Form 5471 to report required information.
Schedule J (Form 5471)	__	Filers of Form 5471 use Schedule J to report accumulated Earnings and Profits (E&P), in functional currency, computed under sections 964(a) and 986(b).
Schedule M (Form 5471)	__	U.S. persons who had control of a foreign corporation for an uninterrupted period of at least 30 days use Schedule M with Form 5471 to report certain transactions that occurred during the corporation's annual accounting period.
Schedule O (Form 5471)	__	Certain officers, directors, and shareholders of foreign corporations use Schedule O with Form 5471 to report (re)organization and acquisition/disposition of its stock.
Form 5695	__	Use Form 5695 to figure and take your nonbusiness energy property credit and residential energy efficient property credit.
Form 5713	__	Persons having operations in or related to countries which require participation in or cooperation with an international boycott may be required to report these operations on Form 5713.
Schedule A (Form 5713)	__	Persons who participated in or cooperated with an international boycott use Schedule A with Form 5713 to figure the international boycott factor to use in figuring the loss of tax benefits.
Schedule B (Form 5713)	__	Persons who participated in or cooperated with an international boycott use Schedule B with Form 5713 to specifically attribute taxes and income in order to figure the loss of tax benefits.
Schedule C (Form 5713)	__	Filers of Schedule A or B (Form 5713) use Schedule C to compute the loss of tax benefits from participation in or cooperation with an international boycott.
Form 5884	__	Form 5884 is used to claim the work opportunity credit for the first year wages paid to or incurred for targeted group employees (including Hurricane Katrina employees) during the tax year.
Form 5884-A	__	Form 5884-A is used to figure certain credits for disaster area employers.
Form 6198	__	Individuals, estates, trusts, and certain corporations use Form 6198 to figure the profit (loss) from an at-risk activity, the amount at risk, and the deductible amount of the loss.
Form 6251	__	Used to figure alternative minimum tax for individuals.
Form 6252	__	Use Form 6252 to report income from the sale of real property or the casual sale of personal property other than inventory, if you are a dealer.
Form 6478	__	Use Form 6478 to figure your biofuel producer credit.
Form 6765	__	Individuals, estates, trusts, organizations, or corporations use Form 6765 to figure and claim the credit for increasing research activities.
Form 6781	__	Taxpayers use Form 6781 to report gains and losses on section 1256 contracts under the mark-to-market rules and under section 1092 from straddle positions.
Form 7203	__	Use Form 7203 to figure potential limitations of your share of the S corporation's deductions, credits, and other items that can be deducted on your return.
Form 7204	__	Consent To Extend the Time To Assess Tax Related to Contested Foreign Income Taxes— Provisional Foreign Tax Credit Agreement.
Form 7205	__	Use Form 7205 to claim the deduction for qualifying energy efficient commercial building property (EECBP) placed in service during the tax year.
Form 7206	__	Use Form 7206 to determine any amount of the self-employed health insurance deduction you may be able to report on Schedule 1 (Form 1040).
Form 7207	__	Advanced Manufacturing Production Credit.
Form 8082	__	Partners, S corporation shareholder, beneficiary of an estate or trust, owner of a foreign trust, or residual interest holder in a real estate mortgage investment conduit (REMIC), use Form 8082 to notify IRS of inconsistencies between the tax treatment of an item on their returns vs. the way the pass-through entity treated and reported the item on its return.
Form 8275	__	Taxpayers and preparers use Form 8275 to disclose items or positions, except those taken contrary to a regulation, that are not otherwise adequately disclosed on a tax return to avoid certain penalties.
Form 8275-R	__	Taxpayers and preparers use Form 8275-R to disclose positions taken on a tax return that are contrary to Treasury regulations, to avoid certain portions of the accuracy-related penalty, if the return position has a reasonable basis.
Form 8283	__	To claim a deduction for a charitable contribution of property or similar items of property, the claimed value of which exceeds $500.
Form 8332	__	Custodial parents use Form 8332 to release their claim to their child's exemption. They give the form to the noncustodial parent who will claim the child's exemption, and that parent attaches it to his or her income tax return.
Form 8379	__	Injured spouses use Form 8379 to compute their share of a joint tax refund when all or part of the refund was applied against their spouse's past-due Federal tax or nontax debt, such as child or spousal support, or state income tax, etc.
Form 8396	__	Form 8396 is used to figure mortgage interest credit and any carryover there may be to a subsequent year.
Form 8404	__	Interest Charge on DISC-Related Deferred Tax Liability.
Form 8453	__	Form 8453 is completed by taxpayers, or their ERO, who need to submit certain paper documents to their electronically filed tax return.
Form 8453(SP)	__	Form 8453 (SP) is completed by taxpayers who file their individual tax return electronically using a third party.
Form 8582	__	Individuals, estates, and trusts with losses from passive activities use Form 8582 to figure the amount of any passive activity loss allowed for the current tax year.
Form 8582-CR	__	Individuals, estates, and trusts with certain credits from passive activities use Form 8582-CR to figure the amount of any passive activity credit allowed for the current tax year.
Form 8586	__	Owners of qualified residential rental buildings in low-income housing projects use Form 8586 to figure the amount of their low-income housing credit, a component of the general business credit.
Form 8594	__	The buyers and sellers of a group of assets that make up a business use Form 8594 when goodwill or going concern value attaches.
Form 8606	__	Taxpayers use Form 8606 to report nondeductible contributions to their traditional IRA(s), distributions from certain IRAs where their basis was more than zero, distributions from Roth IRAs, and amounts converted.
Form 8609-A	__	Pursuant to section 42(I), Form 8609-A must be completed by the building owner each year of the 15-year compliance period, whether or not a low-income housing credit (LIHC) is claimed for the tax year.
Form 8611	__	Owners of residential low-income rental buildings use Form 8611 to recapture the low-income housing credit taken in previous years due to a decrease in the qualified basis of a building or its disposition without posting a satisfactory bond.
Form 8615	__	Children under age 18 with investment income of more than $1,800 (indexed for inflation), who are required to file a tax return, and whose tax rate is lower than their parents' tax rate use Form 8615 to figure their tax.
Form 8621	__	Used by direct or indirect shareholder of a passive foreign investment company or qualified electing fund who is a U.S. person must file Form 8621 for each tax year in which the shareholder holds stock in a passive foreign investment company or qualified electing fund.
Form 8621-A	__	This form is used by shareholders of a former Passive Foreign Investment Company (PFIC) or a Section 1297(e)PFIC to make a late purging election under Section 1298(b)(1) to terminate their subjection to taxation under Section 1291.
Form 8689	__	Form 8689 is used to figure the amount of U.S. tax allocable to the U.S. Virgin Islands.
Form 8697	__	Persons who complete long-term contracts that were accounted for using the percentage of completion or completion-capitalized cost methods use Form 8697 to figure the interest due or to be refunded under the look-back method.
Form 8801	__	Individuals, trusts, and estates use Form 8801 to figure the minimum tax credit for alternative minimum tax and any minimum tax credit carryforward.
Form 8814	__	Use Form 8814 if you elect to report your child's income on your return. If you do, your child will not have to file a return.
Form 8815	__	Individuals who cashed certain savings bonds to pay qualified higher education expenses use Form 8815 to exclude part or all of the interest on the bonds.
Form 8818	__	Individuals who cashed certain savings bonds and paid qualified higher education expenses can use Form 8818 to keep a record of the bonds.
Form 8820	__	Individuals, estates, trusts, organizations, and corporations that elects to claim an orphan drug credit use Form 8820 to claim it.
Form 8824	__	Taxpayers use Form 8824 to report each exchange of business or investment property for property of a like kind.
Form 8826	__	Eligible small businesses use Form 8826 to claim the disabled access credit, a part of the general business credit.
Form 8828	__	Homeowners with federal mortgage subsidies use Form 8828 to figure and report the recapture tax on the subsidy if they sold or otherwise disposed of the home.
Form 8829	__	Filers of Schedule C (Form 1040) use Form 8829 to figure the allowable expenses for business use of their home and any carryover to the following year of amounts not deductible in the current year.
Form 8833	__	Taxpayers, including dual-resident taxpayers, use Form 8833 to make the treaty-based return position disclosure.
Form 8834	__	Taxpayers use Form 8834 to claim any qualified electric vehicle passive activity credit allowed for the current tax year.
Form 8835	__	Use Form 8835 to claim the renewable electricity, refined coal, and Indian coal production credit.
Form 8838	__	U.S. transferors that entered into a gain recognition agreement under section 367(a) and 367(e)(2) use Form 8838 with their income tax return for the tax year the transfer is made.
Form 8839	__	Individuals use Form 8839 to figure the amount of their adoption credit and any employer-provided adoption benefits they can exclude from income.
Form 8840	__	Form 8840 is used by Alien individuals to claim the closer connection to a foreign country(ies) exception to the substantial presence test.
Form 8843	__	Alien individuals use Form 8843 to explain the basis of their claim that they can exclude days of presence in the United States for purposes of the substantial presence test.
Form 8844	__	Employers use Form 8844 to claim the empowerment zone and renewal community employment credit.
Form 8845	__	Employers of American Indians who are qualified employees use Form 8845 to claim the Indian employment credit.
Form 8846	__	Certain food and beverage establishments use Form 8846 to claim a credit for social security and Medicare taxes paid or incurred by the employer on certain employees' tips.
Form 8853	__	Individuals use Form 8853 to report contributions to and figure deductions for Archer MSAs, to report distributions from MSAs, to report payments from long-term care insurance contracts, and to report accelerated death benefits from life insurance policies.
Form 8854	__	Use Form 8854 if you expatriated or terminated your long-term resident status after June 3, 2004, to provide the information required by sections 6039G and 7701(n).
Form 8858	__	Form 8858 is used by certain U.S. persons that own a foreign disregarded entity (FDE) or foreign branch (FB) directly or, in certain circumstance, indirectly or constructively.
Schedule M (Form 8858)	__	Used by certain U.S. persons that are required to file a Form 8858 for a foreign disregarded entity (FDE) or foreign branch (FB) that entered into any transaction with the filer of the Form 8858 or other entities during the annual accounting period of the FDE or FB. This also used by certain U.S. person that are required to file a Form 5471 with respect to a CFC or Form 8865 with respect to a CFP, that is a tax owner of an FDE or FB, such as Category 4 filers of Form 5471, and Category 1 filers of Form 8865.
Form 8859	__	Individuals use Form 8859 to claim the District of Columbia first-time homebuyer credit.
Form 8862	__	Complete Form 8862 and attach it to your tax return if both of the following apply: Your EIC was reduced or disallowed for any reason other than a math or clerical error for a year after 1996; and you now want to claim the EIC and you meet all of the requirements.
Form 8862(SP)	__	You must complete Form 8862 (SP) and attach it to your tax return if both of the following apply. 1. Your EIC was reduced or disallowed for any reason other than a math or clerical error for a year after 1996. 2. You now want to claim the EIC and you meet all the requirements.
Form 8863	__	Individuals use Form 8863 to figure and claim education credits (i.e., the Hope credit and the lifetime learning credit).
Form 8864	__	This form will be used to claim the biodiesel and renewable diesel fuels credit.
Form 8865	__	Use Form 8865 to report the information required under section 6038 (reporting with respect to controlled foreign partnerships), section 6038B (reporting of transfers to foreign partnerships), or section 6046A (reporting acquisitions, dispositions, and changes in foreign partnership interests).
Schedule K-1 (Form 8865)	__	Used to report the information required under section 6038, section 6038B, or section 6046A.
Schedule K-2 (Form 8865)	__	Schedule K-2 is an extension of Schedule K-1 of the Form 8865 and is used to report items of international tax relevance from the operation of a partnership.
Schedule K-3 (Form 8865)	__	Schedule K-3 is an extension of Schedule K-1 (Form 8865) and is generally used to report the share of the items reported on Schedule K-2.
Schedule O (Form 8865)	__	Used to report the information required under section 6038, section 6038B, or section 6046A.
Schedule P (Form 8865)	__	Used to report the information required under section 6038, section 6038B, or section 6046A.
Form 8866	__	Taxpayers who depreciated certain property using the income forecast method (generally limited to motion picture films, video tapes, sound recordings, copyrights, books and patents) use Form 8866 to figure the interest due or to be refunded under the look-back method.
Form 8867	__	Paid preparers of Federal income tax returns or claims for refund involving the Earned Income Credit (EIC), Child Tax Credit (CTC)/Additional Child Tax Credit (ACTC), Credit for Other Dependents (ODC), American Opportunity Tax Credit (AOTC) and/or Head of Household (HOH) filing status must complete Form 8867 and meet the due diligence requirements in determining if the taxpayer is eligible for the credit(s).
Form 8873	__	Form 8873 is used to figure the amount of extraterritorial income excluded from gross income for the tax year.
Form 8874	__	Form 8874 is used to claim the new markets credit for qualified equity investments made in qualified community development entities (CDEs).
Form 8878	__	The taxpayer can choose to use Form 8878 to: certify the truthfulness, correctness and completeness of the form; selected a personal identification number (PIN) as his or her signature for the electronic application and, if applicable, electronic funds withdrawal consent, and to authorize the electronic return originator (ERO) to enter the taxpayers self-selected PIN on the electronic application for an extension of time to file and if applicable electronic funds withdrawal consent.
Form 8878 SP	__	The taxpayer can choose to use Form 8878 (SP) to: Certify the truthfulness, correctness and completeness of the form; Selected a personal identification number (PIN) as his or her signature for the electronic application and if applicable, Electronic Funds Withdrawal consent and to Authorize the electronic return originator (ERO) to enter the taxpayers self-selected PIN on the electronic application for an extension of time to file and if applicable Electronic Funds Withdrawal Consent.
Form 8879	__	Taxpayers use Form 8879 when their return is e-filed using the practitioner PIN method or when the taxpayer authorizes the electronic return originator to enter the taxpayer's PIN on his or her e-filed return.
Form 8879 SP	__	To certify the truthfulness, correctness, and completeness of the taxpayer’s electronic income tax. (Spanish Version)
Form 8880	__	Individuals use Form 8880 to figure the amount, if any, of their retirement savings contributions credit.
Form 8881	__	Eligible small employers use Form 8881 to claim the credit for qualified startup costs incurred in establishing or administering an eligible employer plan.
Form 8882	__	Employers use Form 8882 to claim the credit for qualified childcare facility and resource and referral expenditures.
Form 8886	__	Used to disclose participation in reportable transactions by taxpayers as described in regulations 1.6011-4.
Form 8888	__	This form allows a taxpayer who requests a direct deposit of his or her refund to split the refund among two or three accounts.
Form 8889	__	Report activity in a health savings account.
Form 8896	__	Eligible small refiners will use this form to claim the credit for qualified low sulfur diesel fuel production costs.
Form 8898	__	Use Form 8898 to notify the IRS that you became or ceased to be a bona fide resident of a U.S. possession in accordance with section 937(c).
Form 8900	__	Eligible taxpayers use Form 8900 to claim the railroad track maintenance credit (RTMC) with respect to qualified railroad track maintenance expenditures (QRTME) paid or incurred during the tax year.
Form 8903	__	Form 8903 is used by corporations, individuals, partners (including partners of electing large partnerships). S corporation shareholders, estate and trusts, beneficiaries of estates and trusts, cooperatives, and patrons of cooperatives to calculate and report the domestic production activities deduction.
Form 8906	__	Form 8906 is used to claim the distilled spirits credit, which is part of the general business credit.
Form 8908	__	Eligible contractors use Form 8908 to claim a credit for each qualified energy efficient home sold or leased to another person during the tax year for use as a residence.
Form 8910	__	Use Form 8910 to figure your credit for alternative motor vehicles you placed in service during your tax year.
Form 8911	__	Use Form 8911 to figure your credit for alternative fuel vehicle refueling property you placed in service during the tax year.
Form 8912	__	This form is used to claim the credit for holding tax credit bonds.
Form 8915-C	__	Form 8915-C is used by eligible individuals impacted by certain disaster areas that received a distribution out of retirement plans which may qualify for favor able tax treatment.
Form 8915-D	__	For 8915-D is used by taxpayers adversely affected by a Presidentially declared2019 disaster and who later received distribution out of their retirement plan which may qualify for favorable tax treatment.
Form 8915-F		Taxpayers use Form 8915-F to report retirement plan distributions for major 2021 and later disasters receiving favorable tax treatment.
Form 8919	__	Employees must file Form 8919 if all of the following apply: You performed services for a firm; The firm did not withhold your share of social security and Medicare taxes from your pay; One or more of the reasons listed under Reason codes apply to you; Your pay from the firm was not for services as an independent contractor.
Form 8925	__	Form 8925 is required to be attached to the employer's income tax return to report all employer-owned life insurance contracts.
Form 8932	__	Taxpayers use Form 8932 to claim the credit for eligible differential wage payments you made to qualified employees during the tax year.
Form 8933	__	Use Form 8933 to claim the carbon oxide sequestration credit.
Form 8936	__	For tax years beginning after 2008, use Form 8936 to figure your credit for qualified plug-in electric drive motor vehicles you placed in service during your tax year.
Schedule A (Form 8936)	__	Clean Vehicle Credit Amount
Form 8936-A	__	Qualified Commercial Clean Vehicle Credit.
Sch 1 (Form 8936-A)	__	Schedule for Qualified Commercial Clean Vehicle.
Form 8941	__	Eligible small employers use Form 8941 to figure the credit for small employer health insurance premiums for tax years beginning after 2009.
Form 8949	__	Form 8949 is used to list all capital gain and loss transactions.
Form 8958	__	Use Form 8958 to determine the allocation of tax amounts between married filing separate spouses, California same-sex spouses, or registered domestic partners (RDPs) with community property rights. If you need more room, attach a statement listing the source of the item and the total plus the allocated amounts.
Form 8960	__	Taxpayers use Form 8960 to figure the amount of net investment income tax (NIIT).
Form 8962	__	IRC Section 36B creates a refundable tax credit providing premium assistance for coverage under a qualified health plan.
Form 8993	__	New form required for deduction for foreign-derived intangible income and global intangible low-taxed income.
Form 8994	__	Eligible employers use Form 8994 to figure the employer credit for paid family and medical leave.
Form 8995	__	Use Form 8995 to figure your qualified business income (QBI) deduction.
Form 8995-A	__	The form is used to help taxpayer to determine if they meet the requirements of IRC 199A and take the qualified business income deduction.
Schedule A (Form 8995-A)	__	The form is used to help taxpayers determine if they meet the requirements of IRC 199A and take the qualified business income deduction.
Schedule B (Form 8995-A)	__	The form is used to help taxpayers to determine if they meet the requirement of IRC 199A and take the qualified business income. Taxpayers will use this form to aggregate multiple trades or businesses into a single trade or business for purposes of applying the W-2 wage limitation or the unadjusted basis immediately after acquisition (UBIA) limitation.
Schedule C (Form 8995-A)	__	This form is used to help taxpayers to determine if they meet the requirements of IRC 100A and take the qualified business income deduction. A taxpayer must complete this form if they have any trades or businesses with a net loss for the current year or a qualified business with a net loss carryforward from prior years.
Schedule D (Form 8995-A)	__	Taxpayers use Schedule D with their Form 8895-A to report if they are a patron of agricultural or horticultural cooperatives to determine if they meet the requirements of IRC 199A and take the qualified business income deduction.
Form 9000	__	This form is used by taxpayers to request receipt of certain types of written communications from the IRS in an alternative format or language.
Form 9000(SP)	__	This form is used by taxpayers to request receipt of certain types of written communications from the IRS in an alternative format or language.
Form 9465	__	Taxpayers use Form 9465 to request a monthly installment plan if they cannot pay the full amount of tax they owe.
Form 9465(SP)	__	Taxpayers use Form 9465 to request a monthly installment plan if they cannot pay the full amount of tax they owe. (Spanish Version)
Form T (Timber)	__	Use Form T (Timber), Forest Activities Schedule, to provide information on timber accounts when a sale or deemed sale under sections 631(a), 631(b), or other exchange has occurred during the tax year.
Form W-4	__	Employees complete Form W-4 and gives it to their employer so their employer withholds the correct Federal income tax from their pay.
Form W-4 (SP)	__	Complete Form W-4 (SP) so that your employer can withhold the correct federal income tax from your pay. Because your tax situation may change, you may want to refigure your withholding each year. (Spanish Version)
Form W-4 (KO)	__	This is a Korean language translation version of Form W-4.
Form W-4 (RU)	__	This is a Russian language translation version of Form W-4.
Form W-4 (VIE)	__	This is a Vietnamese version of Form W-4.
Form W-4 (ZH-S)	__	This is a Chinese-Simplified language translation version of Form W-4.
Form W-4 (ZH-T)	__	This is a Chinese-Traditional version of Form W-4.
Form W--4 P	__	Recipients of annuity, pension, or certain other deferred compensation payments use Form W-4P to tell payers the correct amount of federal income tax to withhold.
Form W-4 S	__	Give Form W-4S to the third-party payer of your sick pay, such as an insurance company, if you want Federal income tax withheld from the payments.
Form W-4 V	__	Recipients of certain government payments can complete and give Form W-4V to the payer to request voluntary Federal income tax withholding from their payments.
Form W-4 R	__	Recipients of retirement payments other than pensions or annuities use this form to tell payers the correct amount of federal income tax to withhold.
Form W-7	__	Alien individuals who are required to furnish a U.S. taxpayer identification number to the IRS but who do not have, and are not eligible to obtain, an SSN use Form W-7 to apply for an IRS individual taxpayer identification number (ITIN).
Form W-7 A	__	Use Form W-7A to apply for an Internal Revenue Service (IRS) adoption taxpayer identification number (ATIN) for a child who is placed in your home for purposes of legal adoption.
Form W-7 (SP)	__	Use Form W-7 (SP) to apply for an IRS individual taxpayer identification number (ITIN).
Form W-7 (COA)	__	Form W-7 (COA) is an external facing product that is to be used by Certified Acceptance Agents (CAAs) and required to be attached to each Form W-7, Application for IRS Individual Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN) that is submitted to the IRS.

2. USE OF DATA

The data on Form 1040 and its schedules will be used in computing the tax liability and IRS uses the information in determining that the items claimed are properly allowable. It is also used for general statistical use.

3. USE OF IMPROVED INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY TO REDUCE BURDEN

We are currently offering electronic filing for these forms and schedules.

4. EFFORTS TO IDENTIFY DUPLICATION

The information obtained through this collection is unique and is not already available for use or adaptation from another source.

5. METHODS TO MINIMIZE BURDEN ON SMALL BUSINESSES OR OTHER SMALL ENTITIES

The IRS proactively works with both internal and external stakeholders to minimize the burden on small businesses, while maintaining tax compliance. The Agency also seeks input regarding the burden estimates from the public via notices and tax product instructions. The forms can be filed electronically, which further reduces any burden to small businesses.

6. CONSEQUENCES OF LESS FREQUENT COLLECTION ON FEDERAL PROGRAMS OR POLICY ACTIVITIES

Consequences of less frequent collection on federal programs or policy activities could consist of a decrease in the amount of taxes collected by the IRS, inaccurate and untimely filing of tax returns, and an increase in tax violations.

7. SPECIAL CIRCUMSTANCES REQUIRING DATA COLLECTION TO BE INCONSISTENT WITH GUIDELINES IN 5 CFR 1320.5(d)(2)

There are no special circumstances requiring data collection to be inconsistent with guidelines in 5 CFR 1320.5(d)(2).

8. CONSULTATION WITH INDIVIDUALS OUTSIDE OF THE AGENCY ON AVAILABILITY OF DATA, FREQUENCY OF COLLECTION, CLARITY OF INSTRUCTIONS AND FORMS, AND DATA ELEMENTS

In response to the Federal register notice dated September 26, 2023 (88 FR 66136), we received one comment from the Justice & Diversity Center of The Bar Association of San Francisco during the comment period regarding updates to include gender-neutral terms in the instructions. The comment letter expressed concerns over the lack of gender-neutral terms in the instructions. IRS appreciates and will take these concerns under advisement.

9. EXPLANATION OF DECISION TO PROVIDE ANY PAYMENT OR GIFT TO RESPONDENTS

No payment or gift has been provided to any respondents.

10. ASSURANCE OF CONFIDENTIALITY OF RESPONSES

Generally, tax returns and tax return information are confidential as required by 26 USC 6103.

11. JUSTIFICATION OF SENSITIVE QUESTIONS

A privacy impact assessment (PIA) has been conducted for information collected under this request as part of the “Individual Master File (IMF)” system and a Privacy Act System of Records notice (SORN) has been issued for this system under IRS 24.030--Customer Account Data Engine Individual Master File, formerly Individual Master File, and IRS 34.037--IRS Audit Trail and Security Records System.  The Internal Revenue Service PIAs can be found at https://www.irs.gov/uac/Privacy-Impact-Assessments-PIA

Title 26 USC 6109 requires inclusion of identifying numbers in returns, statements, or other documents for securing proper identification of persons required to make such returns, statements, or documents and is the authority for social security numbers (SSNs) in IRS systems.

12./13. ESTIMATED BURDEN OF INFORMATION COLLECTION/ESTIMATED TOTAL ANNUAL COST BURDEN TO RESPONDENTS

PRA Approval of Forms Used by Individual Taxpayers

Under the PRA, OMB assigns a control number to each ''collection of information'' that it reviews and approves for use by an agency. The PRA also requires agencies to estimate the burden for each collection of information. Burden estimates for each control number are displayed in (1) PRA supporting statement that accompanies collections of information, (2) Federal Register notices, and (3) OMB's database of approved information collections.

Taxpayer Burden Model

The IRS uses the Individual Taxpayer Burden Model (ITBM) to estimate the burden experienced by individual taxpayers when complying with Federal tax laws. The model was updated using a survey of Tax Year 2021 individual taxpayer return filers that was fielded in 2022 and 2023. The approach to estimating burden focuses on the characteristics and activities undertaken by individual taxpayers in meeting their tax return filing obligations.

Burden is defined as the time and out-of-pocket costs incurred by taxpayers in complying with the Federal tax system. Out-of-pocket costs include any expenses incurred by taxpayers to prepare and submit their tax returns. Examples include tax return preparation fees, the purchase price of tax preparation software, submission fees, photocopying costs, postage, and phone calls (if not toll-free).

The methodology distinguishes among preparation method, taxpayer activities, taxpayer type, filing method, and income level. Indicators of tax law and administrative complexity, as reflected in the tax forms and instructions, are incorporated into the model.

Preparation methods reflected in the model are as follows:

• Self-prepared without software,

• Self-prepared with software, and

• Use of a paid preparer or tax professional.

Types of taxpayer activities reflected in the model are as follows:

• Recordkeeping,

• Tax planning,

• Gathering tax materials,

• Use of services (IRS and other),

• Form completion, and

• Form submission.

For more information on the development of the ITBM see the two papers, Role_of_assisted_methods_2010ResearchConf and Income_taxes_and_compliance_costs_2013NTJ.

Taxpayer Burden Estimates

Summary level results for Fiscal Year 2024 using the RAAS burden estimation methodology are presented below. The data shown are the best forward-looking estimates available for income tax returns filed for tax year 2023.

The burden estimates are based on statutory requirements as of December 1, 2023, for taxpayers filing a 2023 Form 1040 tax return. Time spent and out-of-pocket costs are presented separately. Time burden is broken out by taxpayer activity, with recordkeeping representing the largest component. Out-of-pocket costs include any expenses incurred by taxpayers to prepare and submit their tax returns. Examples include tax return preparation and submission fees, postage and photocopying costs, and tax preparation software costs.

Reported time and cost burdens are national averages and do not necessarily reflect a “typical” case. Most taxpayers experience lower than average burden, with taxpayer burden varying considerably by taxpayer type. For instance, the estimated average time burden for all taxpayers filing a Form 1040 is 13 hours, with an average cost of $270 per return. This average includes all associated forms and schedules, across all preparation methods and taxpayer activities.

There is significant variation in taxpayer activity across different taxpayer groups. For example, non-business taxpayers are expected to have an average burden of about 9 hours and $150, while business taxpayers are expected to have an average burden of about 24 hours and $560. Similarly, tax preparation fees and other out-of-pocket costs vary extensively depending on the tax situation of the taxpayer, the type of software or professional preparer used, and the geographic location.

Table 1 shows the preliminary burden estimates for individual taxpayers filing 2023 Form 1040, Form 1040NR, Form 1040NR–EZ, Form 1040X, 1040–SR tax return.

Fiscal Year 2024 Burden Estimates for the 1040/SR/NR/NR-EZ/X series of returns and supporting forms, schedules, and regulations
FY2024
	FY23	Program Change due to Adjustment	Program Change due to New Legislation	Program Change due to Agency	FY24
Number of Taxpayers	172,600,000	(800,000)	-	-	171,800,000
Burden in Hours	2,211,000,000	36,000,000	2,000,000	-	2,249,000,000
Burden in Monetized Hrs.	42,460,000,000	3,839,000,000	43,000,000	-	46,342,000,000
Out-of-Pocket Cost in Dollars	42,972,000,000	2,374,000,000	40,000,000	(21,000,000)	45,365,000,000
Monetized Total Burden*	85,432,000,000	6,212,000,000	83,000,000	(21,000,000)	91,707,000,000
Source: RAAS:KDA (12-1-2023) Detail may not add to total due to rounding. *Total monetized burden= Monetized hours + Out-of-pocket costs

To monetize time for individual taxpayers, we assign an after-tax hourly wage rate based on the taxpayer’s marginal tax rate, FICA tax rate (if applicable to income at the marginal rate) and Medicare tax rate. For self-employed taxpayers, we control for changes in net income by using a three-year average for year one and the two prior years. All taxpayers are assigned a monetization rate no less than minimum wage. An upper bound limitation is applied to take into account the fact that above a certain wage rate taxpayers tend to use a paid preparer because the value of their time generally exceeds what they would pay a preparer to complete the return. Upper bound limitation rates are from the BLS Occupational Employment Statistics.

Estimated Average Taxpayer Burden for Individuals Filing a 1040 by Activity
Primary Form Filed or Type of Taxpayer			Time Burden								Money Burden
		Percentage of Returns	Average Time Burden (Hours)*								Average Cost (Dollars)	Total Monetized Burden (Dollars)
			Total Time	Record Keeping		Tax Planning	Form Completion and Submission			All Other
All Taxpayers		100%	13	6		2	4			1	$270	$540
Type of Taxpayer
Nonbusiness**		72%	9	3		1	3			1	$150	$310
Business***		28%	24	12		4	6			2	$560	$1,120
Note: Detail may not add to total due to rounding. Dollars rounded to the nearest $10. *A "business" filer files one or more of the following with Form 1040: Schedule C, C-EZ, E, F, Form 2106, or 2106-EZ. A "nonbusiness" filer does not file any of these schedules or forms with Form 1040. Source: RAAS:KDA (11-2-2023)

The total estimated time and out-of-pocket costs, represent the federal income tax compliance burden for the estimated 171.8 million individual taxpayers who will file a Tax Year 2023 federal income tax return. as estimated using the IRS ITBM. Due to rounding, the per respondent burden calculated using the total amounts above will be different. As a result, estimates of the cost burdens were calculated at $264 per taxpayer, with a combined estimate total of $45,365,000,000.

Taxpayer Burden Statistics by Total Positive Income Quintile
All Filers
Total Positive Income Quintiles	Average Time (hours)	Average Out-of-Pocket Costs	Average Total Monetized Burden
0 to 20	7.8	$80	$146
20 to 40	10.9	$128	$242
40 to 60	11.6	$165	$327
60 to 80	13.1	$232	$480
80 to 100	22.7	$726	$1,497
Wage and Investment Filers
Total Income Quintiles	Average Time (hours)	Average Out-of-Pocket Costs	Average Total Monetized Burden
0 to 20	6.9	$71	$129
20 to 40	9.3	$112	$212
40 to 60	9.0	$139	$277
60 to 80	9.1	$185	$384
80 to 100	10.8	$322	$737
Self Employed Filers
Total Income Quintiles	Average Time (hours)	Average Out-of-Pocket Costs	Average Total Monetized Burden
0 to 20	11.9	$125	$225
20 to 40	18.5	$204	$379
40 to 60	21.0	$258	$507
60 to 80	22.0	$338	$697
80 to 100	33.1	$1,077	$2,155

Source RAAS:KDA (12-1-2023)

Taxpayer Burden Statistics by Total Income
	Average		Median
	Time (hours)	Out-of-Pocket Costs	Time (hours)	Out-of-Pocket Costs
Under $25k	11.2	$119	8.7	$70
$25k to $50k	12.2	$159	8.9	$140
$50k to $75k	12.0	$195	8.6	$194
$75k to $100k	12.4	$243	9.1	$228
$100k to $125k	13.0	$288	9.9	$258
$125k to $150k	13.6	$335	10.4	$291
$150k to $175k	13.7	$383	10.5	$326
$175k to $200k	13.9	$431	10.7	$359
$200k to $225k	14.7	$495	11.4	$403
$225k to $250k	15.5	$554	12.1	$448
$250k to $275k	17.5	$653	13.7	$527
$275k to $300k	18.7	$735	14.5	$589
$300k to $325k	19.5	$810	15.3	$645
$325k to $350k	20.4	$874	16.0	$699
$350k to $375k	21.5	$945	16.9	$757
$375k to $400k	22.7	$1,015	17.8	$813
$400k to $425k	23.7	$1,084	18.5	$865
$425k to $450k	24.8	$1,146	19.1	$907
$450k to $475k	25.3	$1,198	19.6	$950
$475k to $500k	26.3	$1,261	20.5	$1,005

Source RAAS:KDA (12-1-2023)

Source: RAAS:KDA (12-1-2023)

Source: RAAS:KDA (12-1-2023)

We are asking for continued approval of these regulations that are associated with Form 1040. Please continue to assign OMB number 1545-0074 to these regulations.

1.23-5	1.333-1	1.1383-1
1.31.2	1.351-3	1.1385-1
1.37-2 and 3	1.383-1	1.1402(a)-2,5,11,15
1.41-4	1.442-1	161.1402(c)-2
1.41-4A	1.446-1	1.1402(e)-(2)-1
1.43-2	1.451-5 thru 7	1.1402(f)-1
1.44A-3	1.52-4	1.6001-1
1.6072-1	1.461-1	1.6060-1
1.61-15	1.466-1	1.454-1
1.63-1	1.551-4	1.6107-1
1.64(c)6	1.612-4	1.6109-1 and 2
1.71-1	1.642(c)-5 and 6	1.6011-1
1.72	1.702-1	1.6012-1
1.79-2 and 3	1.706-1	1.6013-1, 6, 7
1.83-2 thru 5	1.736-1	1.6017-1
1.105	1.743-1	1.6060-1
1.151-1	1.751-1	1.6072-1
1.152-4 and 4T	1.852-7 and 9	1.6107-1
1.162-24	1.861-4	1.6109-1
1.163-10T	1.931-1	1.6151-1
1.166-10	1.934-1	1.6695-1
1.17	1.935-1	1.6696-1
1.170A	1.937-1	1.9100-1
1.172	1.1012-1	5c.0
1.180-2	1.1041-1T	7
1.182-6	1.1081-11	16A.126-2
1.190-3	1.1101-4	18.1-7
1.213-1	1.1211-1	31.6011(a)-1 and 7
1.215-1	1.1212-1	301.6110-3 and 5
1.254-1	1.1231-2	301.6316-4 thru 6
1.265-1	1.1232-3	301.6361-1 and 3
1.274-5T and 6T	1.1248-7	301.6501
1.280A-3	1.1251-2	301.6501(d)
1.280F-3T	1.1254-1 and 3	301.6905-1
1.302-4	1.1304-1 thru 5	301.7216-2
1.307-2	1.1311(a)-1

14. ESTIMATED ANNUALIZED COST TO THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT

The Federal government cost estimate for product development is based on a model that considers the following three cost factors for each information product: aggregate labor costs for development, including annualized startup expenses, operating and maintenance expenses, and distribution of the product that collects the information.  These costs do not include any activities such as taxpayer assistance and enforcement.

The government computes cost using a multi-step process.  First, the government creates a weighted factor for the level of effort to create each information collection product based on variables such as complexity, number of pages, type of product and frequency of revision.  Second, the total costs associated with developing the product such as labor cost, and operating expenses associated with the downstream impact such as support functions, are added together to obtain the aggregated total cost.  Then, the aggregated total cost and factor are multiplied together to obtain the aggregated cost per product.  Lastly, the aggregated cost per product is added to the cost of shipping and printing each product to IRS offices, National Distribution Center, libraries, and other outlets. The result is the Government cost estimate per product.

The government cost estimate for this collection is summarized in the table below.

Product	Aggregate Cost per Product (factor applied)		Print & Distribution		Government Cost Estimate per Product
All Forms attached*	$ 15,832,683	+	$ 751,408	=	$ 16,584,091
Total					$ 16,584,091
Table costs are based on 2022 actuals obtained from IRS Chief Financial Office and Media and Publications *New product costs will be included in the next collection update.

See the attached Government Cost document in the supplementary documents section for more information. The government cost estimates for processing tax returns and performing related functions in the Submission Processing Campus(es) includes salaries and benefits only. Other costs such as real estate, programming, recruitment, equipment, and supplies are not included.

Estimated Filers	Processing Cost - Paper Returns*		Processing Cost - Electronic Returns*		Government Cost Estimate
171,800,000	$ 91,431,960	+	$ 37,147,160	=	$ 128,575,120
Total					$ 128,575,120
*Table costs estimates are based on FY2022 IRS Cost Estimate References.

The total government cost estimate for this collection is $145,159,211.

15. REASONS FOR CHANGE IN BURDEN

The year-over-year change in burden is analyzed and reported by technical adjustments, legislative adjustments, and agency adjustments.

Changes Due to Technical Adjustment: The majority of the year-over-year change is due to technical adjustments. The table provided below breaks down the major changes by technical adjustment type. Changes to the Updated FY23 Baseline estimates are primarily driven by an update to the macroeconomic model inputs.

Updated tax return data result in a 5% increase in average time burden and a 6% increase in out-of-pocket cost per response. Updated survey data and the associated updated model result in a 1% decrease in average time burden and a 4% decrease in out-of-pocket costs per response. Taking the updated tax data and new survey model together, the technical adjustment increases average time burden by a net 4% and out-of-pocket costs by a net 2%.

The FY24 population adjustments transition the underlying data file from FY23 to FY24 which includes aging the data for macroeconomic factors and adjusting weights to account for changes in the year over year population differences. A forecasted decrease in filers is expected to lead a decrease in aggregate time. Forecasted changes in macroeconomic factors are expected to lead to increases in average monetized time, out-of-pocket costs, and monetized burden.

	Change in Filers	Change in Time (Hrs)	Change in Monetized Time	Change in Dollars	Change in Total Monetized Burden*
Updated FY23 Baseline	750,000	(1,000,000)	751,000,000	770,000,000	1,521,000,000
Updated Tax Return Data	-	117,000,000	3,896,000,000	2,766,000,000	6,662,000,000
Updated Survey Data and Model	-	(24,000,000)	(1,537,000,000)	(1,907,000,000)	(3,443,000,000)
FY24 Population Estimates	(1,450,000)	(55,000,000)	729,000,000	744,000,000	1,472,000,000
Total	(700,000)	37,000,000	3,839,000,000	2,373,000,000	6,212,000,000

Source: RAAS:KDA (12-1-2023)
*Change in Total Monetized Time = Change in Monetized Time + Change in Dollars

Changes Due to Legislative Adjustment: The Inflation Reduction Act introduced changes leading to significant legislative year-over-year changes. The table provided below breaks down the two major legislative changes. Individual filers claiming the Clean Energy incentives are expected to in aggregate incur an additional 1,000,000 burden hours and $23,000,000 in out-of-pocket costs. This increase is primarily attributed to new claimants who are expected to on average incur under an hour of additional time burden and less than $20 of additional out-of-pocket costs. Individual filers claiming Clean Vehicle credits are expected to in aggregate incur an addition 1,000,000 burden hours and $17,000,000 in out-of-pocket costs. This increase is also primarily attributed to new claimants who are expected to on average incur under an hour of additional time burden and less than $20 of additional out-of-pocket costs. There is significant uncertainty about participation rates in these programs. A more precise estimate will be possible when tax year 2023 returns are available.

	Change in Time (Hrs)	Change in Monetized Time	Change in Dollars	Change in Total Monetized Burden
Clean Energy Incentives	1,000,000	26,000,000	23,000,000	49,000,000
Clean Vehicle Credits	1,000,000	17,000,000	17,000,000	34,000,000
Total	2,000,000	43,000,000	40,000,000	83,000,000

Source: RAAS:KDA (12-1-2023)

Changes Due to Agency Adjustment: The Inflation Reduction Act introduced one major change leading to a significant agency year-over-year change. The Inflation Reduction Act directed the IRS to pilot a direct file option. The direct file option is expected to decrease aggregate out-of-pocket costs by $21,000,000 and have a negligible impact on time burden.

ICR Summary of Burden

	Requested	Program Change Due to New Statute	Program Change Due to Agency Discretion	Change Due to Adjustment in Agency Estimate	Change Due to Potential Violation of the PRA	Previously Approved
Annual Number of Responses	171,800,000	0	0	-800,000	0	172,600,000
Annual Time Burden (Hr.)	2,249,000,000	2,000,000	0	36,000,000	0	2,211,000,000
Annual Cost Burden ($)	45,365,000,000	40,000,000	-21,000,000	2,374,000,000	0	42,972,000,000

16. PLANS FOR TABULATION, STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND PUBLICATION

The intent of this collection is to collect data in areas of income, gains, losses, deductions, credits, and to figure the income tax liability of a taxpayer. There are no plans for the IRS to publish the information collected.

17. REASONS WHY DISPLAYING THE OMB EXPIRATION DATE IS INAPPROPRIATE

We believe that displaying the OMB expiration date is inappropriate because it could cause confusion by leading taxpayers to believe that the forms sunset as of the expiration date. Taxpayers are not likely to be aware that the IRS intends to request renewal of the OMB approval and obtain a new expiration date before the old one expires.

18. EXCEPTIONS TO THE CERTIFICATION STATEMENT

There are no exceptions to the certification statement.

Note: The following paragraph applies to all the collections of information in this submission:

An agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to, a collection of information unless the collection of information displays a valid OMB control number. Books or records relating to a collection of information must be retained if their contents may become material in the administration of any internal revenue law. Generally, tax returns and tax return information are confidential, as required by 26 U.S.C. 6103.

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