Attachment 16 - IPP News Release

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until
8:30 a.m. (ET) Friday, October 13, 2023

USDL-23-2187

Technical information: (202) 691-7101 • [email protected] • www.bls.gov/mxp
Media contact:
(202) 691-5902 • [email protected]

U.S. IMPORT AND EXPORT PRICE INDEXES – SEPTEMBER 2023
Prices for U.S. imports ticked up 0.1 percent in September following a 0.6-percent advance the previous
month, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Higher fuel prices drove the September increase.
U.S. export prices rose 0.7 percent in September, after advancing 1.1 percent in August.
Chart 1. One-month and 12-month percent changes in the Import Price Index: September 2022 – September 2023
1-month percent change
8.0
6.0

12-month percent change

6.1
4.2

4.0

2.7

3.2

2.0

0.9

-1.0

-2.0

-0.3

-0.4

-0.8

0.3

-0.2

0.1

0.0

-1.1

0.1
-0.4

-0.8

0.1

-0.2
-1.7
-2.9

-4.0
-4.7

-6.0
-8.0

0.6

Sep'22

Oct

Nov

Dec

Jan

Feb

Mar

-4.9
Apr

-5.7
May

-4.7
-6.1
Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep'23

Imports
The price index for U.S. imports increased 0.1 percent in September as higher fuel prices more than offset
lower nonfuel prices. U.S. import prices last declined on a monthly basis in June, and advanced 0.9 percent
in the third quarter of 2023. Despite the recent increases, prices for U.S. imports declined 1.7 percent for the
year ended in September. (See table 1.)
Fuel Imports: Import fuel prices advanced 4.4 percent in September, after rising 8.8 percent in August. The
index has not recorded a 1-month decline since May 2023. Higher prices for petroleum in September more
than offset a drop in natural gas prices. In spite of the recent increases, import fuel prices decreased 8.9
percent for the year ended in September. Prices for import petroleum rose 4.9 percent in September
following a 9.0-percent increase the previous month. Import petroleum prices fell 6.6 percent over the past
12 months. In contrast, the price index for import natural gas declined 7.8 percent, after advances of 13.4
percent in August and 13.7 percent in July. Prices for natural gas decreased 53.8 percent from September
2022 to September 2023.

All Imports Excluding Fuel: Prices for nonfuel imports decreased 0.2 percent for the second consecutive
month in September. Lower prices in September for foods, feeds, and beverages; nonfuel industrial supplies
and materials; capital goods; and automotive vehicles all contributed to the September decline in nonfuel
import prices. Nonfuel import prices fell 0.8 percent over the past year.
Foods, Feeds, and Beverages: The price index for import foods, feeds, and beverages declined 1.3 percent
in September, the largest monthly drop since the index fell 1.5 percent in August 2022. The decline was
driven by lower fruit prices.
Nonfuel Industrial Supplies and Materials: Prices for nonfuel industrial supplies and materials fell 0.5
percent in September led by lower prices for unfinished metals, paper, and selected building materials.
Nonfuel industrial supplies and materials prices have not risen on a monthly basis since February 2023.
Finished Goods: Prices for most of the major import finished goods categories declined in September.
Capital goods prices declined 0.1 percent for the second consecutive month. The September decrease was
driven by lower prices for oil drilling, mining, and construction machinery and equipment. Prices for import
automotive vehicles edged down 0.1 percent in September, after being unchanged the previous month. The
decline was led by lower prices for parts, engines, bodies, and chassis. The price index for import consumer
goods was unchanged in September.
Table A. Percent change in Import and Export Price Indexes, selected categories

2

Chart 2. One-month and 12-month percent changes in the Export Price Index: September 2022 – September 2023
1-month percent change
14.0
12.0
10.0
8.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
0.0
-2.0
-4.0
-6.0
-8.0
-10.0
-12.0
-14.0

12-month percent change

9.8
7.2

6.1

4.6
2.0
0.4

0.4
-0.9

-0.5

0.2

-0.4
-3.0

-0.4

-0.8

-5.0

-0.1
-2.1

-0.6

1.1

-5.7

0.7
-4.1

-8.0

-6.0

-11.8
-10.3

Sep'22

Oct

Nov

Dec

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep'23

Exports
U.S. export prices rose 0.7 percent in September following a 1.1-percent increase in August. Higher prices
for nonagricultural exports in September more than offset lower agricultural prices. Despite the recent
advances, prices for U.S. exports decreased 4.1 percent over the past year. The 12-month drop in September
was the smallest over-the-year decline since February 2023. (See table 2.)
Agricultural Exports: The price index for agricultural exports fell 1.1 percent in September, after
decreasing 2.1 percent the previous month. Lower prices in September for soybeans, corn, wheat, and meat
all contributed to the decline in agricultural export prices. Prices for agricultural exports fell 7.8 percent
from September 2022 to September 2023.
All Exports Excluding Agriculture: Prices for nonagricultural exports rose 1.0 percent in September
following a 1.5-percent increase the previous month. Higher prices for nonagricultural industrial supplies
and materials, automotive vehicles, and capital goods in September offset lower prices for consumer goods
and nonagricultural food. Despite the recent increases, nonagricultural export prices declined 3.8 percent for
the year ended in September.
Nonagricultural Industrial Supplies and Materials: Nonagricultural industrial supplies and materials prices
advanced 2.2 percent in September and 6.8 percent over the past 3 months. The increases in each of the past
3 months were driven by higher fuel prices. Export fuel prices advanced 4.8 percent in September, 7.3
percent in August, and 5.2 percent in July.
Finished Goods: Prices for the major finished goods export categories were mixed in September.
Automotive vehicles prices rose 1.0 percent, after advancing 0.3 percent in August. The September increase
was the largest 1-month rise since January 2023 and was led by higher passenger cars prices. Prices for
export capital goods ticked up 0.1 percent for the third consecutive month in September. Export capital
goods prices have not decreased on a monthly basis since November 2022. The September increase was led
by a 0.9-percent advance in semiconductor prices. In contrast, the price index for export consumer goods
fell 0.3 percent in September, following a 0.3-percent drop in August.
More information for the major import and export price indexes can be found at
www.bls.gov/web/ximpim/largest.htm.
3

Measures of Import and Export Prices by Locality
Imports by Locality of Origin: Prices for imports from China fell 0.3 percent in September, after being
unchanged the previous month. The price index for imports from China has not recorded a monthly increase
since October 2022. Import prices from China declined 2.6 percent over the past 12 months, the largest
over-the-year drop since October 2009. Prices for imports from Japan rose 0.1 percent in September
following a 0.1-percent decline in August. Import prices from Japan advanced 1.0 percent over the past
year. Prices for imports from Canada increased 0.8 percent in September and 5.6 percent in the third quarter
of 2023. Despite those advances, prices for imports from Canada fell 6.7 percent for the year ended in
September. Import prices from the European Union and Mexico decreased in September, falling 0.2 percent
and 0.1 percent, respectively. Prices for imports from the European Union rose 2.4 percent over the past
year and prices for imports from Mexico advanced 3.7 percent. (See table 7.)
Exports by Locality of Destination: The price index for exports to China increased 1.0 percent in
September, after declining 0.6 percent in August. Despite the September rise, prices for exports to China
decreased 5.3 percent over the past 12 months. Export prices to Japan also rose 1.0 percent in September
after being unchanged the previous month. The September advance was the first 1-month increase since the
index rose 1.1 percent in February 2023. Prices for exports to Japan fell 7.5 percent over the past year. The
price indexes for exports to Canada and Mexico also rose in September, increasing 0.5 percent and 0.2
percent, respectively. Export prices to the European Union advanced 1.1 percent in September, after
increasing 0.4 percent in August. (See table 8.)
Terms of Trade Indexes: Terms of trade indexes are based on country, region, or grouping and measure
the change in the purchasing power of exports relative to imports. U.S. terms of trade with China rose 1.3
percent in September, after decreasing 0.7 percent in August. Higher export prices to China and lower
import prices from China each contributed to the advance. U.S. terms of trade with China decreased 2.8
percent for the year ended in September. The index for U.S. terms of trade with Japan increased 0.9 percent
in September, the largest rise since February 2023. U.S. terms of trade with Japan fell 8.4 percent over the
past year. In contrast, U.S. terms of trade with Canada declined 0.2 percent in September following a 2.8percent drop the previous month. The indexes for U.S. terms of trade with Mexico and the European Union
rose 0.4 percent and 1.3 percent, respectively, in September. (See table 9.)
Import and Export Services
Imports: Import air passenger fares rose 9.9 percent in September, after declining 14.1 percent in August
and 9.2 percent in July. The September upturn was driven by a 17.7-percent advance in European fares.
Despite the September increase, import air passenger fares decreased 3.4 percent over the past year. The
price index for import air freight increased in September, advancing 4.3 percent following a 13.9-percent
decrease the previous month. The September rise was led by higher prices for import freight from Asia.
Import air freight prices fell 32.8 percent for the year ended in September. (See table 10.)
Exports: Export air passenger fares declined 4.5 percent in September, after decreasing 8.8 percent the
previous month. Lower Latin American/Caribbean and Asian fares in September more than offset higher
European fares. The index for export air passenger fares fell 7.2 percent from September 2022 to September
2023, the largest 12-month drop since an 11.5-percent decline for the year ended July 2020. Prices for
export air freight decreased 1.8 percent in September following a 2.8-percent increase in August. The
September decline was driven by a 3.8-percent drop in Asian air freight prices. Export air freight prices fell
13.9 percent over the past 12 months.
U.S. Import and Export Price Index data for October 2023 are scheduled for release on Thursday,
November 16, 2023, at 8:30 a.m. (ET).
4

Table 1. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: September 2022 to
September 2023
[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Index

Percent change
Annual

Monthly

Relative
importance
Aug.
20231

Aug.
2023

Sep.
2023

Sep.
2022 to
Sep.
2023

May
2023 to
Jun.
2023

Jun.
2023 to
Jul.
2023

Jul.
2023 to
Aug.
2023

Aug.
2023 to
Sep.
2023

All commodities.................................. .

100.000

140.4

140.6

-1.7

-0.2

0.1

0.6

0.1

All imports excluding food and fuels (Dec.
2010=100). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

83.138

107.7

107.6

-1.1

-0.4

-0.2

-0.3

-0.1

All imports excluding petroleum. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

90.899

123.4

123.0

-1.2

-0.3

0.0

-0.1

-0.3

All imports excluding fuels (Dec.
2001=100). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

90.358

127.2

126.9

-0.8

-0.3

-0.1

-0.2

-0.2

7.220

215.4

212.5

3.1

-0.1

2.4

0.7

-1.3

5.804

239.7

236.3

5.1

0.3

3.2

0.7

-1.4

1.416

157.8

155.8

-4.5

-1.9

-0.5

0.6

-1.3

Industrial supplies & materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Industrial supplies & materials excluding
petroleum................................... .
Industrial supplies & materials excluding
fuels (Dec. 2001=100). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Industrial supplies & materials, durable. . . .
Industrial supplies & materials nondurable
excluding petroleum. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

24.921

247.2

250.7

-7.7

-0.4

-0.5

2.6

1.4

15.935

199.2

197.9

-9.0

-1.2

-1.1

-0.6

-0.7

15.292
9.657

222.7
217.0

221.6
215.5

-7.2
-5.3

-1.3
-1.9

-1.3
-1.4

-0.9
-0.6

-0.5
-0.7

6.163

178.7

177.8

-13.9

-0.2

-0.6

-0.7

-0.5

Fuels & lubricants............................ .
Petroleum & petroleum products. . . . . . . . .
Crude petroleum. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fuels, n.e.s.-coals & gas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Natural gas................................. .
Paper & paper base stocks................. .
Materials associated with nondurable
supplies & materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Selected building materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unfinished metals related to durable
goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Finished metals related to durable
goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonmetals related to durable goods. . . . . . .

10
100
10000
101
10110
11

9.642
9.101
5.759
0.408
0.299
0.525

300.3
323.6
332.6
169.0
144.2
140.1

313.4
339.4
352.1
159.8
133.0
136.2

-8.9
-6.6
-1.6
-45.8
-53.8
-10.2

1.1
1.2
-0.5
-1.3
-1.5
3.3

1.2
0.8
3.4
9.3
13.7
-1.5

8.8
9.0
8.9
9.7
13.4
-2.4

4.4
4.9
5.9
-5.4
-7.8
-2.8

12
13

5.096
1.748

193.8
191.1

194.0
189.8

-10.6
-7.1

-0.4
-0.6

-1.3
1.7

-1.4
0.3

0.1
-0.7

14

3.811

314.4

310.6

-9.1

-3.4

-3.5

-1.4

-1.2

15
16

2.332
1.766

217.1
123.9

216.5
123.5

0.8
-3.9

-0.1
-1.9

-0.5
-0.5

-0.3
-0.1

-0.3
-0.3

2
20
21

27.715
3.745
22.560

93.5
129.8
84.3

93.4
130.1
84.2

0.6
0.9
0.2

-0.1
-0.2
-0.1

0.0
-0.2
0.0

-0.1
0.5
-0.2

-0.1
0.2
-0.1

22

1.410

154.1

154.2

6.4

0.1

0.7

0.0

0.1

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines. . . . . 3

12.858

118.5

118.4

1.6

-0.1

0.5

0.0

-0.1

Consumer goods, excluding
automotives. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurables, manufactured. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durables, manufactured..................... .
Nonmanufactured consumer goods. . . . . . . .

27.286
12.763
13.572
0.952

109.8
125.0
95.3
123.0

109.8
125.0
95.2
123.1

-0.3
0.2
-0.4
-5.4

-0.3
-0.1
-0.2
-2.2

-0.2
-0.3
-0.1
-2.1

-0.1
-0.1
0.0
-0.7

0.0
0.0
-0.1
0.1

Description

End Use

Foods, feeds, & beverages.................. . 0
Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages,
excluding distilled beverages. . . . . . . . . . . . . 00
Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled
beverages). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 01

Capital goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electric generating equipment.............. .
Nonelectrical machinery..................... .
Transportation equipment excluding motor
vehicles (Dec. 2001=100). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4
40
41
42

1

Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available

5

Table 2. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: September 2022 to
September 2023
[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Index

Percent change
Annual

Monthly

Relative
importance
Aug.
20231

Aug.
2023

Sep.
2023

Sep.
2022 to
Sep.
2023

May
2023 to
Jun.
2023

Jun.
2023 to
Jul.
2023

Jul.
2023 to
Aug.
2023

Aug.
2023 to
Sep.
2023

All commodities.................................. .

100.000

149.2

150.3

-4.1

-0.6

0.4

1.1

0.7

Agricultural commodities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10.676

236.1

233.5

-7.8

-1.4

0.5

-2.1

-1.1

All exports excluding food and fuels (Dec.
2010=100). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

73.114

113.9

114.0

-0.3

-0.5

-0.5

0.2

0.1

All exports excluding fuels (June
2022=100). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Description

End Use

82.880

98.8

98.8

-0.2

-0.6

-0.2

-0.2

0.0

Nonagricultural commodities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Foods, feeds, & beverages.................. . 0
Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages,
excluding distilled beverages. . . . . . . . . . . . . 00
Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled
beverages). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 01

89.324
9.766

142.5
237.6

143.9
234.1

-3.8
-8.3

-0.5
-1.5

0.4
0.6

1.5
-2.5

1.0
-1.5

9.387

240.0

236.6

-7.9

-1.5

0.7

-2.5

-1.4

0.378

192.0

186.8

-17.2

-2.6

-3.1

-1.3

-2.7

Industrial supplies & materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Industrial supplies & materials, durable. . . .
Industrial supplies & materials,
nondurable. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

38.348
10.726

202.0
208.4

206.4
208.2

-10.2
-1.9

-1.4
-1.8

0.8
-1.7

3.5
0.0

2.2
-0.1

27.623

196.8

202.8

-12.7

-1.3

2.0

4.9

3.0

1.257

218.9

222.1

-7.1

-1.3

-1.0

1.0

1.5

37.091

201.5

206.0

-10.3

-1.4

0.9

3.5

2.2

17.120

253.3

265.5

-14.6

-0.6

5.2

7.3

4.8

19.169
0.801

190.2
147.3

190.1
148.3

-5.7
-7.1

-2.1
-1.2

-2.4
-0.4

0.5
0.8

-0.1
0.7

2
20
21

30.847
3.441
22.532

121.5
137.6
101.6

121.6
137.7
101.7

2.0
3.4
0.9

0.2
-0.1
-0.1

0.1
0.3
0.0

0.1
-0.2
0.2

0.1
0.1
0.1

22

4.874

211.2

211.6

7.0

2.0

0.1

0.0

0.2

8.222

124.5

125.8

3.2

0.1

0.2

0.3

1.0

4
40
41

12.817
6.771
4.806

119.5
110.9
120.1

119.2
110.5
120.0

2.1
1.4
4.0

0.1
0.0
0.4

0.0
0.1
0.1

-0.3
-0.2
0.0

-0.3
-0.4
-0.1

42

1.239

128.2

127.2

-1.0

-0.8

-0.7

-1.0

-0.8

Agricultural industrial supplies &
materials.................................... . 10
Nonagricultural industrial supplies &
materials.................................... .
Fuels & lubricants............................ . 11
Nonagricultural supplies & materials
excluding fuels & building materials. . . . . 12
Selected building materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Capital goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electrical generating equipment............ .
Nonelectrical machinery..................... .
Transportation equipment excluding motor
vehicles (Dec. 2001=100). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines. . . . . 3
Consumer goods, excluding
automotives. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurables, manufactured. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durables, manufactured..................... .
Nonmanufactured consumer goods (Dec.
2018=100).................................. .
1

Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available

6

Table 3. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: September 2022 to September
2023
[December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]
Index
Description

NAICS

Nonmanufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and
hunting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Crop production. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Animal production (Dec. 2022=100). . . . . . . . 112
Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Oil and gas extraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
Mining (except oil and gas) (Dec.
2022=100).................................. . 212

Manufacturing, part 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Paper manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Petroleum and coal products
manufacturing.............................. .
Chemical manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Plastics and rubber products
manufacturing.............................. .
Nonmetallic mineral product
manufacturing.............................. .
Manufacturing, part 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Primary metal manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fabricated metal product manufacturing. . .
Machinery manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Computer and electronic product
manufacturing.............................. .
Electrical equipment, appliance, and
component manufacturing................ .
Transportation equipment manufacturing.. .
Furniture and related product
manufacturing.............................. .
Miscellaneous manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Monthly

Aug.
2023

Sep.
2023

Sep.
2022 to
Sep.
2023

May
2023 to
Jun.
2023

8.712

155.2

160.7

-3.1

-0.8

2.235
1.788
0.277

222.7
231.5
118.2

221.0
229.5
115.9

6.2
5.0
–

6.476
6.202

151.6
150.3

159.2
158.1

Jul.
2023 to
Aug.
2023

Aug.
2023 to
Sep.
2023

3.4

6.8

3.5

-0.8
-0.7
-1.2

5.6
6.0
5.8

1.0
1.0
2.2

-0.8
-0.9
-1.9

-5.7
-6.3

-0.8
-0.7

2.7
3.6

9.0
9.2

5.0
5.2

Jun.
2023 to
Jul.
2023

0.274

110.3

111.4

–

-1.7

-14.4

4.3

1.0

90.960

122.1

122.0

-1.5

-0.2

-0.2

0.1

-0.1

31
311

11.401
4.235

138.9
188.3

137.8
184.3

-0.1
-0.7

-0.2
-0.4

-0.2
-0.4

0.1
0.3

-0.8
-2.1

312
315

1.184
3.194

141.0
118.7

141.8
118.6

5.4
-0.3

0.0
-0.2

0.3
-0.1

0.5
-0.2

0.6
-0.1

316

1.369

127.0

127.2

-0.6

0.2

0.2

0.0

0.2

32
322

19.918
0.966

143.6
122.6

144.2
120.4

-6.4
-7.1

0.5
1.5

-0.9
-0.7

0.9
-1.3

0.4
-1.8

324
325

3.166
10.983

146.8
149.3

151.5
149.4

-13.4
-5.7

4.8
-0.3

-3.1
-0.9

9.1
-0.6

3.2
0.1

326

2.635

133.8

133.8

0.0

-0.1

-0.2

0.0

0.0

327

1.073

145.9

145.3

2.6

-0.8

-0.3

-0.2

-0.4

33
331
332
333

59.641
4.682
3.288
7.722

112.4
218.6
147.8
132.0

112.2
215.9
147.3
132.1

-0.1
-6.2
-2.5
3.3

-0.4
-2.8
-0.3
-0.2

-0.1
-2.1
-0.5
0.2

-0.2
-1.1
-0.3
0.0

-0.2
-1.2
-0.3
0.1

334

16.657

72.5

72.5

-1.6

-0.1

-0.1

-0.1

0.0

335
336

5.975
13.077

127.9
117.6

127.7
117.4

0.5
1.9

-0.1
-0.1

0.0
0.6

0.1
0.0

-0.2
-0.2

337
339

2.007
6.233

128.9
128.0

129.5
127.4

0.1
0.8

0.2
-0.2

0.0
-0.3

-0.4
0.2

0.5
-0.5

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing, part 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Beverage and tobacco product
manufacturing.............................. .
Apparel manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leather and allied product
manufacturing.............................. .

Percent change
Annual

Relative
importance
Aug.
20231

1

Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available

7

Table 4. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: September 2022 to September
2023
[December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]
Index

Percent change
Annual

Monthly

Relative
importance
Aug.
20231

Aug.
2023

Sep.
2023

Sep.
2022 to
Sep.
2023

May
2023 to
Jun.
2023

Jun.
2023 to
Jul.
2023

Jul.
2023 to
Aug.
2023

Aug.
2023 to
Sep.
2023

14.733

176.6

182.5

-18.7

-2.0

4.3

0.7

3.3

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and
hunting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Crop production. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

5.208
4.888

197.7
209.0

193.2
203.7

-14.3
-15.3

-2.9
-3.0

1.9
1.8

-4.3
-4.6

-2.3
-2.5

Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Oil and gas extraction (Dec. 2021=100). . . 211
Mining (except oil and gas). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212

9.525
8.225
1.300

109.7
97.7
132.9

116.7
104.9
133.0

-21.1
-22.5
-7.0

-1.5
-0.2
-7.0

5.9
6.9
-0.1

3.7
4.9
-3.8

6.4
7.4
0.1

83.633

134.7

135.1

-1.2

-0.2

-0.2

1.2

0.3

6.910
5.121

173.0
204.4

172.9
204.4

-2.8
-3.2

-0.2
0.0

-0.7
-0.6

0.1
0.2

-0.1
0.0

Description

NAICS

Nonmanufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing, part 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311
Beverage and tobacco product
manufacturing.............................. . 312
Manufacturing, part 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wood product manufacturing (Dec.
2017=100).................................. .
Paper manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Petroleum and coal products
manufacturing.............................. .
Chemical manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Plastics and rubber products
manufacturing.............................. .
Nonmetallic mineral product
manufacturing.............................. .
Manufacturing, part 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Primary metal manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Machinery manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Computer and electronic product
manufacturing.............................. .
Electrical equipment, appliance, and
component manufacturing................ .
Transportation equipment manufacturing.. .
Miscellaneous manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

0.518

140.6

140.7

-1.0

-2.6

-3.2

0.5

0.1

32

26.555

139.1

140.2

-5.1

-0.7

-0.1

3.7

0.8

321
322

0.401
1.492

114.4
139.6

116.0
137.9

-8.5
-11.3

-1.6
-5.7

-0.7
2.0

0.5
-0.8

1.4
-1.2

324
325

7.228
14.190

165.9
132.7

170.4
132.7

-5.4
-5.1

0.4
-0.7

2.8
-1.6

14.1
0.5

2.7
0.0

326

2.279

133.8

134.4

2.8

0.0

0.3

0.1

0.4

327

0.772

133.4

133.2

-1.0

0.2

1.2

0.3

-0.1

33
331
333

50.168
4.203
9.559

128.8
199.5
150.3

129.0
198.0
150.3

1.5
-6.3
4.7

-0.1
-1.8
0.1

-0.1
-2.2
0.3

0.1
-0.5
0.4

0.2
-0.8
0.0

334

12.744

83.0

83.2

-2.1

-0.2

-0.1

-0.1

0.2

335
336
339

3.577
12.131
4.931

136.2
144.3
138.7

136.1
145.5
138.4

3.8
4.8
3.1

-0.1
0.8
0.3

0.4
0.1
0.1

-0.1
0.2
-0.3

-0.1
0.8
-0.2

1

Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available

8

Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: September 2022 to
September 2023
[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Index

Percent change
Annual

Monthly

Relative
importance
Aug.
20231

Aug.
2023

Sep.
2023

Sep.
2022 to
Sep.
2023

May
2023 to
Jun.
2023

Jun.
2023 to
Jul.
2023

Jul.
2023 to
Aug.
2023

Aug.
2023 to
Sep.
2023

Live animals; animal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I
Meat and edible meat offal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 02
Fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other
aquatic invertebrates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 03

1.581
0.421

239.1
335.4

234.1
324.7

0.1
-2.1

-1.0
1.4

0.8
2.8

1.4
0.1

-2.1
-3.2

0.780

151.0

147.9

-7.3

-3.3

-1.6

1.3

-2.1

Vegetable products.............................. .
Edible vegetables, roots, and tubers. . . . . . . . . .
Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or
melons......................................... .
Coffee, tea, mate and spices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

II
07

2.236
0.581

257.8
522.3

246.3
533.7

0.5
6.5

-0.8
-1.3

4.2
10.5

0.7
-0.9

-4.5
2.2

08
09

0.798
0.384

127.1
298.2

119.4
291.4

9.2
-9.7

0.7
-0.7

9.0
-2.5

0.5
1.5

-6.1
-2.3

Animal or vegetable fats and oils (Dec.
2009=100). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III

0.386

149.3

145.8

-3.2

-1.2

-0.9

4.1

-2.3

IV

3.394

197.3

197.4

4.8

0.4

0.4

0.5

0.1

17

0.216

116.4

117.0

10.1

0.7

0.1

1.0

0.5

18

0.251

125.0

126.2

23.1

2.3

2.1

1.1

1.0

21
22

0.391
1.114

97.8
154.7

97.6
155.6

–
5.5

0.4
-0.1

-0.5
0.3

0.1
0.5

-0.2
0.6

Mineral products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V
Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous
substances and mineral waxes. . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

9.749

307.8

321.3

-8.6

1.0

0.7

8.8

4.4

9.414

301.3

314.9

-9.0

1.2

1.3

9.1

4.5

VI
28
29
30
31

10.489
0.597
2.336
5.211
0.391

171.3
493.8
142.1
147.2
73.4

171.7
511.5
142.4
147.2
72.4

-2.9
-6.0
-2.7
-0.1
–

-0.5
-0.2
-1.3
-0.1
-1.2

-0.9
-1.8
-1.1
-0.7
-4.8

0.2
-3.0
-0.6
-0.1
15.4

0.2
3.6
0.2
0.0
-1.4

32
38

0.207
0.814

102.9
118.4

103.0
118.6

–
-0.5

-0.9
-1.2

-1.0
-1.2

1.9
-0.3

0.1
0.2

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and
articles thereof................................. . VII
Plastics and articles thereof. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Rubber and articles thereof. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

4.061
2.617
1.444

154.8
153.0
161.6

154.3
152.1
161.8

-3.9
-6.7
2.0

0.2
0.1
0.2

-0.5
-0.8
-0.1

-1.8
-2.4
-0.4

-0.3
-0.6
0.1

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper
products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . X

0.961

Description

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and
tobacco.......................................... .
Sugars and sugar confectionary (Dec.
2021=100). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cocoa and cocoa preparations (Dec.
2009=100). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec.
2022=100). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Beverages, spirits, and vinegar. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Products of the chemical or allied
industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Inorganic chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Organic chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .............. .
Pharmaceutical products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fertilizers (Dec. 2022=100). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tanning extracts; dye, pigments, varnish,
paints & putty (Dec. 2022=100). . . . . . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous chemical products. . . . . . . . . . . . .

Harmonized
system

128.8

126.4

-7.7

2.0

-1.0

-1.5

-1.9

Textile and textile articles...................... . XI
Articles of apparel and clothing accessories,
not knitted or crocheted. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

4.409

120.6

120.4

-0.4

-0.2

-0.2

0.0

-0.2

1.212

126.7

126.4

0.0

-0.2

-0.4

0.1

-0.2

Headgear, umbrellas, artificial flowers,
etc.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XII
Footwear and parts of such articles. . . . . . . . . . . 64

1.199
0.971

126.8
123.6

126.9
123.8

0.1
-0.1

0.2
0.2

0.2
0.2

-0.2
-0.2

0.1
0.2

0.934

138.1

137.4

2.4

-0.4

-0.2

-0.1

-0.5

0.343
0.328

102.9
108.4

102.1
108.0

0.3
6.4

0.0
-0.5

0.0
-0.4

0.0
-0.6

-0.8
-0.4

3.185

224.8

222.8

-1.8

-2.4

-4.0

0.9

-0.9

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,
ceramics, glass etc.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XIII
Articles of stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,
or mica (Dec. 2020=100). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Glass and glassware (Dec. 2021=100). . . . . . . 70
Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation
jewelry, and coins............................. . XIV

See footnotes at end of table.

9

Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: September 2022 to
September 2023 — Continued
[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Index
Description

Base metals and articles of base metals. . . .
Articles of iron or steel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Copper and articles thereof. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Aluminum and articles thereof. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and
forks, of base metal; parts thereof. . . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous articles of base metal. . . . . . . . .

Monthly

Aug.
2023

Sep.
2023

Sep.
2022 to
Sep.
2023

May
2023 to
Jun.
2023

Jun.
2023 to
Jul.
2023

Jul.
2023 to
Aug.
2023

Aug.
2023 to
Sep.
2023

XV
73
74
76

6.155
1.843
0.542
1.044

230.7
201.0
380.6
186.5

228.1
195.3
369.9
186.5

-4.7
-5.0
5.9
-2.1

-1.2
-1.3
-2.0
-0.7

-0.2
0.0
0.2
-0.1

-1.2
-1.1
2.2
-1.8

-1.1
-2.8
-2.8
0.0

82
83

0.451
0.544

133.2
146.9

133.0
147.0

2.5
-3.7

0.0
-0.5

0.4
-0.1

0.5
-0.2

-0.2
0.1

29.791

82.6

82.5

0.0

-0.1

0.0

0.0

-0.1

15.232

89.8

89.7

0.6

-0.1

0.0

0.1

-0.1

14.559

75.8

75.7

-0.8

-0.3

-0.1

-0.1

-0.1

10.868
10.242

122.2
121.2

122.1
121.1

1.8
1.6

-0.1
0.0

0.7
0.6

-0.1
-0.1

-0.1
-0.1

0.516

108.8

109.1

4.9

-0.3

0.6

0.1

0.3

4.152

108.5

108.6

3.1

0.1

0.1

0.3

0.1

Harmonized
system

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image
and sound recorders, parts, etc.. . . . . . . . . . . . XVI
Machinery and mechanical appliances;
parts thereof. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Electrical machinery and equip, sound and
TV recorders & reproducers, parts. . . . . . . . . 85
Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated
transport equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XVII
Motor vehicles and their parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof (Dec.
2020=100). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Optical, photo, measuring, medical &
musical instruments; & timepieces. . . . . . . . XVIII
Optical, photographic, measuring and
medical instruments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Miscellaneous manufactured articles........ .
Furniture & stuffed furnishings; lamps &
lighting fittings, nesoi; prefab bldgs. . . . . . . . .
Toys, games and sports equipment; parts
and accessories thereof..................... .
Miscellaneous manufactured articles. . . . . . . . .

Percent change
Annual

Relative
importance
Aug.
20231

3.853

104.0

104.0

2.7

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.0

XX

4.823

120.2

120.1

0.1

0.0

-0.2

0.1

-0.1

94

2.738

127.3

127.6

-0.5

0.0

0.0

-0.3

0.2

95
96

1.784
0.301

106.7
148.0

106.1
148.0

-0.4
8.7

-0.2
0.0

-0.5
0.2

0.7
0.3

-0.6
0.0

1

Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available

10

Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: September 2022 to
September 2023
[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Index
Description

Harmonized
system

Live animals; animal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I
Meat & edible meat offal (Dec. 2006=100). . . 02
Fish and crustaceans, mollusks and aquatic
invertebrates (Dec. 2022=100). . . . . . . . . . . . . . 03
Vegetable products.............................. .
Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or
melons......................................... .
Cereals........................................... .
Oilseeds and misc. grains, seeds, fruits,
plants, straw and fodder. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and
tobacco.......................................... .
Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec.
2017=100). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Beverages, spirits, and vinegar (Dec.
2008=100). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Residues and waste from the food
industries; prepared animal feed. . . . . . . . . . . .

Percent change
Annual

Monthly

Relative
importance
Aug.
20231

Aug.
2023

Sep.
2023

Sep.
2022 to
Sep.
2023

May
2023 to
Jun.
2023

Jun.
2023 to
Jul.
2023

Jul.
2023 to
Aug.
2023

Aug.
2023 to
Sep.
2023

2.046
1.307

258.0
221.9

258.6
218.6

-7.9
-2.7

-0.8
0.6

-1.1
0.4

-0.2
0.7

0.2
-1.5

0.224

78.6

75.5

–

-3.9

-4.6

-2.6

-3.9

II

4.943

260.8

253.6

-13.7

-2.9

1.8

-4.9

-2.8

08
10

0.770
1.654

129.1
269.6

131.5
255.4

1.0
-23.5

-3.7
-0.6

-4.1
-4.1

-2.1
-6.8

1.9
-5.3

12

1.977

290.9

280.8

-12.6

-6.0

10.5

-5.8

-3.5

IV

3.022

186.5

185.5

0.2

0.2

-1.0

0.2

-0.5

21

0.687

119.5

119.0

10.4

0.8

0.4

0.5

-0.4

22

0.467

108.2

107.3

-0.9

-0.1

-0.7

-0.4

-0.8

23

0.735

289.6

284.7

-15.6

-1.9

-4.7

-0.2

-1.7

Mineral products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V
Ores, slag and ash (Dec. 2012=100). . . . . . . . . 26
Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous
substances and mineral waxes. . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

16.809
0.469

302.8
125.2

317.3
122.5

-15.2
-3.0

-0.7
-4.9

4.7
-7.2

7.9
2.7

4.8
-2.2

16.119

290.9

305.7

-15.6

-0.5

5.2

8.1

5.1

VI
30

12.831
4.423

162.8
108.7

162.8
108.4

-1.8
2.3

-0.2
0.0

-1.0
0.4

0.5
-0.1

0.0
-0.3

33

0.858

148.5

148.4

5.2

0.1

-0.3

-0.3

-0.1

34
38

0.479
2.282

139.0
192.7

139.0
192.3

2.7
4.7

0.7
0.1

0.7
0.1

0.0
0.1

0.0
-0.2

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and
articles thereof................................. . VII
Plastics and articles thereof. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Rubber and articles thereof. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

4.516
3.716
0.800

156.6
153.3
170.3

157.4
154.3
170.2

-5.5
-6.8
1.7

-0.9
-1.0
-0.4

-1.1
-1.5
0.8

0.1
0.1
0.2

0.5
0.7
-0.1

Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, baskets
and wickerwork (Dec. 2014=100)........... . IX

0.462

105.9

107.2

-12.0

-2.7

-1.4

1.3

1.2

1.644

140.4

138.5

-12.5

-4.8

2.0

0.0

-1.4

Products of the chemical or allied
industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pharmaceutical products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Essential oils and resinoids; perfumery
cosmetic or toilet preparations. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Soap; lubricants; waxes, polishing or
scouring products; candles, pastes. . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous chemical products. . . . . . . . . . . . .

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper
products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . X
Woodpulp and recovered paper (Dec.
2019=100). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Paper and paperboard; articles of paper
pulp, paper or paperboard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

0.436

130.7

128.9

-31.1

-14.8

6.9

-1.6

-1.4

0.969

146.4

144.0

-3.1

-1.0

0.4

0.7

-1.6

Cotton, including yarns and woven fabrics
thereof. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... . 52

0.562

164.4

168.7

-14.8

0.3

-0.6

3.9

2.6

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,
ceramics, glass etc.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XIII
Glass and glassware (Dec. 2019=100). . . . . . . 70

0.754
0.465

149.4
114.3

149.4
114.3

1.3
2.8

0.2
0.1

1.4
2.8

0.3
0.0

0.0
0.0

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation
jewelry, and coins............................. . XIV

4.492

308.4

305.5

-3.2

-2.1

-2.7

-0.5

-0.9

Base metals and articles of base metals. . . . XV
Copper and articles thereof. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Aluminum and articles thereof. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

4.464
0.590
0.656

208.9
263.0
141.6

209.7
262.7
139.7

-0.1
8.3
-3.8

-1.2
-2.2
-1.2

-0.3
0.2
-2.7

-0.3
1.9
-0.4

0.4
-0.1
-1.3

See footnotes at end of table.

11

Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: September 2022 to
September 2023 — Continued
[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Index
Description

Harmonized
system

Miscellaneous articles of base metal (Dec.
2022=100). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image
and sound recorders, parts, etc.. . . . . . . . . . . . XVI
Machinery and mechanical appliances;
parts thereof. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Electrical machinery and equipment and
parts and accessories thereof. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Percent change
Annual

Monthly

Relative
importance
Aug.
20231

Aug.
2023

Sep.
2023

Sep.
2022 to
Sep.
2023

May
2023 to
Jun.
2023

Jun.
2023 to
Jul.
2023

Jul.
2023 to
Aug.
2023

Aug.
2023 to
Sep.
2023

0.321

103.0

103.0

–

0.1

1.2

0.0

0.0

25.888

106.7

106.9

1.9

0.2

0.0

0.1

0.2

15.080

130.7

130.8

4.1

0.8

0.1

0.1

0.1

10.808

81.6

81.9

-0.8

-0.4

0.0

-0.1

0.4

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated
transport equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XVII
Motor vehicles and their parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

9.088
6.857

150.9
125.7

152.3
127.2

2.9
2.3

0.1
0.1

0.2
0.3

0.3
0.3

0.9
1.2

Optical, photo, measuring, medical &
musical instruments; & timepieces. . . . . . . . XVIII

5.635

118.2

118.1

3.3

0.1

0.5

0.2

-0.1

1.200

135.3

134.8

1.5

0.0

-0.6

-0.4

-0.4

0.575

148.7

147.8

-1.8

0.0

-0.8

0.0

-0.6

0.488

117.8

117.7

7.8

0.0

-0.4

0.1

-0.1

Miscellaneous manufactured articles........ . XX
Furniture; stuffed furnishings; lamps and
lighting fittings nesoi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Toys, games and sports equipment; parts
and accessories thereof..................... . 95
1

Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available

12

Table 7. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes by locality of origin: September 2022 to September
2023
[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Index

Percent change
Annual

Monthly

Description

Relative
importance
Aug.
20231

Aug.
2023

Sep.
2023

Sep.
2022 to
Sep.
2023

May
2023 to
Jun.
2023

Jun.
2023 to
Jul.
2023

Jul.
2023 to
Aug.
2023

Aug.
2023 to
Sep.
2023

Industrialized Countries2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonmanufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100.000
11.757
87.692

146.4
267.2
136.8

146.7
278.3
136.4

-1.5
-3.8
-0.9

-0.4
-1.0
-0.3

0.4
3.0
0.1

1.2
10.0
0.1

0.2
4.2
-0.3

Canada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonmanufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100.000
32.715
66.333

177.8
263.2
158.2

179.2
274.5
156.9

-6.7
-4.7
-7.5

-0.6
-1.1
-0.3

1.5
3.0
0.8

3.3
10.7
-0.1

0.8
4.3
-0.8

European Union. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100.000
99.185

156.8
152.5

156.5
152.2

2.4
2.5

-0.1
-0.1

0.3
0.2

0.5
0.5

-0.2
-0.2

France (Dec. 2003=100). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100.000

152.4

151.7

6.4

0.5

-0.1

0.4

-0.5

Germany (Dec. 2003=100). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100.000

125.1

124.9

0.8

-0.4

-0.1

0.2

-0.2

United Kingdom (Dec. 2003=100). . . . . . . . . .

100.000

136.2

137.3

2.2

-0.3

0.4

0.1

0.8

Latin America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonmanufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100.000
14.533
85.174

170.1
335.9
136.8

171.0
340.4
137.3

0.4
-2.2
1.1

0.2
0.4
0.2

0.9
4.9
0.2

-0.2
3.4
-0.9

0.5
1.3
0.4

Mexico (Dec. 2003=100). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2008=100). . . . . .
Manufacturing (Dec. 2008=100). . . . . . . . . . .

100.000
10.379
89.338

147.1
201.9
98.9

146.9
189.0
99.5

3.7
10.9
3.2

0.5
2.6
0.2

2.3
23.9
0.4

0.4
2.4
0.1

-0.1
-6.4
0.6

Pacific Rim (Dec. 2003=100)4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100.000

102.8

102.7

-1.5

-0.3

-0.1

0.0

-0.1

China (Dec. 2003=100). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100.000

101.7

101.4

-2.6

-0.4

-0.3

0.0

-0.3

Japan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100.000

101.1

101.2

1.0

0.0

0.4

-0.1

0.1

Taiwan (Dec. 2018=100). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100.000

109.7

109.6

-1.4

-0.2

-0.2

0.1

-0.1

3

5

Asian NICs .................................... .

100.000

95.8

95.9

-2.4

0.3

-0.2

0.5

0.1

ASEAN (Dec. 2003=100)6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100.000

101.5

101.4

-2.0

-0.5

-0.4

-0.1

-0.1

Asia Near East (Dec. 2003=100)7. . . . . . . . . . .

100.000

223.0

223.8

-6.8

-0.8

2.5

4.1

0.4

1

Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.
Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.
3
Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.
4
China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized
Countries.
5
Asian Newly Industrialized Countries - Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan.
6
Association of Southeast Asian Nations - Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.
7
Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Regions are not mutually exclusive.
Dash = Not available
2

13

Table 8. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes by locality of destination: September 2022 to
September 2023
[December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]
Index

Percent change
Annual

Monthly

Description

Relative
importance
Aug.
20231

Aug.
2023

Sep.
2023

Sep.
2022 to
Sep.
2023

May
2023 to
Jun.
2023

Jun.
2023 to
Jul.
2023

Jul.
2023 to
Aug.
2023

Aug.
2023 to
Sep.
2023

Industrialized Countries2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonmanufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100.000
12.853
85.379

120.3
142.1
118.0

121.0
146.7
118.3

-0.7
-9.3
1.0

-0.3
-1.9
0.0

0.9
7.5
0.1

0.8
2.8
0.4

0.6
3.2
0.3

Canada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2020=100). . . . . .
Manufacturing (Dec. 2020=100). . . . . . . . . . .

100.000
7.768
90.514

127.7
135.9
119.4

128.4
138.6
119.9

-0.1
-17.7
1.8

-0.1
-1.7
0.2

0.6
5.0
0.3

0.3
2.6
0.2

0.5
2.0
0.4

European Union. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonmanufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100.000
15.879
82.414

118.1
141.8
113.9

119.4
151.8
113.9

0.3
1.9
0.0

-0.5
-2.1
-0.1

1.2
5.3
0.6

0.4
3.5
-0.2

1.1
7.1
0.0

Germany. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100.000

117.7

117.9

3.9

-0.6

1.5

0.2

0.2

Latin America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonmanufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100.000
8.994
90.460

125.3
138.9
124.6

126.1
140.1
125.4

-8.2
-41.3
-2.6

-0.1
-1.9
0.1

0.6
5.8
0.0

2.8
-0.4
3.2

0.6
0.9
0.6

Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonmanufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100.000
7.792
91.681

125.7
120.3
127.3

125.9
119.3
127.7

-7.2
-51.2
0.2

-0.4
-3.5
-0.1

1.1
10.5
0.2

1.9
-2.4
2.4

0.2
-0.8
0.3

Pacific Rim4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonmanufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100.000
21.462
77.425

113.4
122.5
112.8

114.1
125.9
112.8

-4.3
-12.4
-1.0

-1.0
-3.0
-0.2

0.2
3.1
-0.5

0.3
1.0
0.0

0.6
2.8
0.0

China. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonmanufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100.000
28.025
70.862

108.2
111.2
109.5

109.3
113.1
110.2

-5.3
-12.7
-1.7

-1.7
-3.8
-0.8

1.0
3.9
-0.1

-0.6
-0.8
-0.5

1.0
1.7
0.6

Japan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonmanufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100.000
24.199
74.728

110.5
119.9
108.2

111.6
123.4
108.6

-7.5
-22.5
0.2

-0.9
-2.1
-0.3

-1.3
-1.8
-0.9

0.0
0.4
-0.3

1.0
2.9
0.4

3

1

Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.
Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.
3
Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.
4
China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized
Countries.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Regions are not mutually exclusive.
Dash = Not available
2

14

Table 9. U.S. terms of trade indexes and percent changes by locality: September 2022 to September 20231
[December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]
Index

Percent change
Annual

Description

Aug.
2023

Industrialized Countries2........................... .
Canada................................................. .
European Union. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Germany............................................... .
Latin America3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pacific Rim4........................................... .
China................................................... .
Japan................................................... .

100.6
94.4
101.4
108.3
109.7
110.2
108.5
106.5
104.4

Monthly

Sep.
2023

Sep.
2022 to
Sep.
2023

May
2023 to
Jun.
2023

Jun.
2023 to
Jul.
2023

Jul.
2023 to
Aug.
2023

Aug.
2023 to
Sep.
2023

101.0
94.2
102.7
108.6
109.8
110.6
109.3
107.9
105.3

0.9
7.2
-2.0
3.0
-8.5
-10.4
-2.8
-2.8
-8.4

0.1
0.4
-0.4
-0.2
-0.3
-0.9
-0.6
-1.3
-0.9

0.5
-0.8
1.0
1.6
-0.3
-1.2
0.3
1.3
-1.7

-0.4
-2.8
-0.1
-0.1
3.0
1.4
0.2
-0.7
0.1

0.4
-0.2
1.3
0.3
0.1
0.4
0.7
1.3
0.9

1

Terms of trade indexes are derived by dividing the export price index by the corresponding import price index and multiplying by 100.
Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.
3
Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.
4
China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized
Countries.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Regions are not mutually exclusive.
Dash = Not available
2

15

Table 10. U.S. international price indexes and percent changes for selected transportation services: September
2022 to September 2023
[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Index
Description

Percent change
Annual

Monthly

Relative
importance
Aug.
20231

Aug.
2023

Sep.
2023

Sep.
2022 to
Sep.
2023

May
2023 to
Jun.
2023

Jun.
2023 to
Jul.
2023

Jul.
2023 to
Aug.
2023

Aug.
2023 to
Sep.
2023

100.000
28.822
70.633
100.000
25.248
54.344
100.000
31.239
56.986
100.000
30.174
52.919

206.9
194.8
194.2
179.3
140.4
144.5
155.9
156.5
136.1
168.6
170.1
179.0

215.9
181.0
213.2
176.0
142.0
139.0
156.4
148.0
141.8
176.1
172.0
191.0

-32.8
-31.8
-33.5
-13.9
-12.9
-12.5
-33.2
-18.5
-40.4
-23.7
-11.6
-29.3

5.8
1.5
7.5
-2.8
1.2
-2.3
1.2
1.4
1.0
2.6
0.9
6.8

0.1
-13.8
5.6
-0.2
2.0
0.4
0.1
-7.8
4.5
-6.9
1.6
-13.1

-13.9
4.0
-20.4
2.8
-1.4
4.8
-6.0
6.0
-12.6
0.8
-2.0
2.2

4.3
-7.1
9.8
-1.8
1.1
-3.8
0.3
-5.4
4.2
4.4
1.1
6.7

100.000
44.885
6.149
16.389
100.000
21.478
13.027
51.944

158.2
175.7
165.8
142.6
188.1
235.8
223.6
182.2

173.9
206.8
170.9
138.6
179.6
237.7
199.4
174.3

-3.4
1.1
-12.6
-0.5
-7.2
1.8
-6.8
-6.3

10.0
11.6
7.6
6.3
9.3
17.8
6.7
7.6

-9.2
-11.0
-6.4
-1.7
4.2
3.1
3.9
4.3

-14.1
-18.4
-11.0
-9.9
-8.8
-13.0
0.2
-9.7

9.9
17.7
3.1
-2.8
-4.5
0.8
-10.8
-4.3

Air Freight
Import Air Freight................................... .
Europe (Dec. 2003=100). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Asia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Export Air Freight. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Europe (Dec. 2006=100). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Asia (Dec. 2011=100)............................. .
Inbound Air Freight. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Europe (Dec. 2003=100). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Asia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Outbound Air Freight. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Europe (Dec. 2003=100). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Asia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Air Passenger Fares
Import Air Passenger Fares. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Europe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Asia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Latin America/Caribbean. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Export Air Passenger Fares. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Europe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Asia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Latin America/Caribbean. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1

Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available

16

TECHNICAL NOTE
Import and Export Goods and Services Price Indexes - All indexes use a modified Laspeyres
formula and are not seasonally adjusted. Price indexes are reweighted annually, with a 2-year lag in the
weights. Published series use a base year of 2000=100 where possible. More detailed index series and
additional information may be obtained at www.bls.gov/mxp or by calling (202) 691-7101.
Merchandise Goods Classification Systems - The merchandise price indexes are published using three
classification systems. Items are classified by end use according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis
Classification System, by industry according to the North American Industry Classification System
(NAICS), and by product category according to the Harmonized System (HS). While classification by
end use and product category are self-explanatory, some notes are in order for classifying items by
industry. In the NAICS imports and exports tables, items are classified by output industry, not input
industry. As an example, NAICS import index 326 (plastics and rubber products manufacturing)
includes outputs such as manufactured plastic rather than inputs such as petroleum. The NAICS
classification structure also matches the classification system used by the Producer Price Index (PPI) to
produce the NAICS primary products indexes.
Import Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United
States Annotated (TSUSA). Import prices are based on U.S. dollar prices paid by the U.S. importer. The
prices are generally either "free on board" (f.o.b.) foreign port or "cost, insurance, and freight" (c.i.f.)
U.S. port transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual industry. The index for crude
petroleum is calculated from data collected by the U.S. Department of Energy.
Export Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Schedule B classification system
of the U.S. Bureau of the Census. The prices used are generally either "free alongside ship" (f.a.s.)
factory or "free on board" (f.o.b.) transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual
industry. Prices used in the grain index, excluding rice, are obtained from the U.S. Department of
Agriculture.
Services Price Indexes - Indexes for import and export air passenger fares calculate changes in the
average revenue received per passenger by foreign carriers from U.S. residents and by U.S. carriers from
foreign residents, respectively. Data are obtained from an airline consulting service and report on tickets
sold by travel agencies, travel websites, and directly by the airlines. Taxes and fees are included in both
the import and export air passenger fares indexes. Import air passenger fares data have used the airline
consulting service source since September 2008. Before April 2018, the export air passenger fares data
were collected directly by BLS from U.S. airlines. The air freight indexes are calculated from data
collected directly from airlines. These data exclude mail and passenger baggage. The scope of the
service being priced is the movement of freight from airport to airport only, and does not include any
ground transportation or port service. The air freight indexes are presented using two definitions:
balance of payments (which represents transactions between U.S. and foreign residents) and
international (which represents transactions inbound to and outbound from the United States.) Fact
sheets specifying detailed information for each services industry are available at www.bls.gov/mxp
under "MXP Publications."

17

Import Price Indexes by Locality of Origin - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data
collected for the import price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and,
beginning with January 2002, are based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS)
covering goods-producing industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and
manufactured goods are defined as NAICS 31-33.
Export Price Indexes by Locality of Destination - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data
collected for the export price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and are
based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) covering goods-producing
industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and manufactured goods are
defined as NAICS 31-33.
Terms of Trade Indexes - Terms of trade indexes measure the relative price of exports in terms of
import prices for a specific country, region, or grouping. The indexes are calculated as one country,
region, or grouping’s all-export goods price index divided by the corresponding all-import goods price
index on a scale of 100.
Relative Importance - A relative importance is a specific index’s price-updated value share (expressed
as a percentage) of overall imports or exports at a specific point in time. Relative importance values are
affected by the trade weights at the point indexes are reweighted and index changes relative to other
indexes since the reweight point. If an index is rising in value relative to other indexes over time, the
relative importance will increase as well.
Revision Policy - To reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents, monthly data
may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. After 3 months, no further data
revisions take place. For example, data first published in the January release will be subject to revision
in the releases for February, March, and April.
Rounding Policy - Index values are rounded to the tenth decimal place after being calculated. All
percent changes are then derived from the rounded index values and subsequently rounded to the tenth
decimal place.
Uses of the Data - The primary use of the indexes is to deflate trade statistics, notably the foreign trade
sector of the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) constructed by the Department of
Commerce. Other published indexes are useful for general market analysis. For trade in international
services, balance of payments indexes are used for deflating NIPA, while international indexes are more
appropriate for market analysis.
Email Subscription - The U.S. import and export price indexes news release is available through an
email subscription service at https://subscriptions.bls.gov/accounts/USDOLBLS/subscriber/new.
Additional Information - More detailed data are available on the Import/Export Price Indexes home
page at www.bls.gov/mxp. For import and export price indexes data requests, send an email to
[email protected].
If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access
telecommunications relay services.

18