1 2024 Eavs

U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION (EAC)
2024 Election Administration and Voting Survey (EAVS)
The ongoing process of improving the United States’ election systems relies in part on having
accurate data about the way Americans cast their ballots. In 2002, Congress chartered the U.S.
Election Assistance Commission (EAC) to collect information on the state of American elections and
to make that information widely available to policymakers, advocates, scholars, journalists, and the
general public. Since 2004, the EAC has sponsored a biennial survey as its primary tool for fulfilling
its information collection mission. We are pleased to present the 2024 Election Administration and
Voting Survey (EAVS), and we ask for your help in making it the most complete and accurate survey
in its history.
The questions in this survey ask for information about ballots cast, voter registration, overseas and
military voting, mail voting, Election Day activities, voting technology, and other important issues.
The section concerning the Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act (UOCAVA)
serves as the EAC’s standardized format for states’ reporting of their UOCAVA voting information
as required by 52 U.S.C. §20302. States that complete and timely submit this section to the EAC
will fulfill their UOCAVA reporting requirement under 52 U.S.C. §20302(c).
Additionally, the EAC is mandated by the National Voter Registration Act (NVRA) to collect
information from states concerning the impact of the statute on the administration of federal
elections. With this information, the EAC is required to make a report to Congress and to provide
recommendations for the improvement of federal and state procedures, forms, and other NVRA
matters. States that respond in a timely manner to all questions in this survey concerning voter
registration-related matters will meet their NVRA reporting requirements under 52 U.S.C. §20508
and EAC regulations.
The EAC recognizes the burden that asking for these data places on state and local election officials,
and we have worked to minimize that burden as much as possible. In advance, we thank you for your
cooperation and look forward to answering any questions you might have.
Information supplied by:
Name

Title

Office/Agency Name
Email Address

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Table of Contents
Instructions for Completing the 2024 Election Administration and Voting Survey ................................ 1
Section A: Voter Registration .................................................................................................................. 2
Total Registrations: Questions A1 and A2 .............................................................................................. 3
A1. Total Number of Registered and Eligible Persons: Active and Inactive ....................................... 4
A2. Total Number of Same-Day Voter Registrations ........................................................................... 5
Registration Transactions Processed: Questions A3–A9 ...................................................................... 6
A3. Total Registration Transactions Processed: 2022 to 2024 ......................................................... 6
A4–A9. Total Registration Transactions Processed by Source: 2022 to 2024 ................................. 8
Voter Registration List Maintenance: Questions A10–A13................................................................ 11
A10. Total Confirmation Notices Sent to Voters: 2022 to 2024 ..................................................... 11
A11. Reasons for Sending Confirmation Notices to Voters: 2022 to 2024 ................................... 13
A12. Total Voters Removed From the Registration Rolls: 2022 to 2024 ....................................... 14
A13. Voter Registration Records Merged or Linked: 2022 to 2024 ............................................... 15
Section B: Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act (UOCAVA)..................................... 16
Registered and Eligible UOCAVA Voters: Question B1 ........................................................................ 18
B1. Total Registered and Eligible UOCAVA Voters ............................................................................ 18
FPCAs Received, Accepted, and Rejected: Questions B2–B4 ........................................................... 19
B2. Federal Post Card Applications Received .................................................................................. 19
B3. Federal Post Card Applications Rejected ................................................................................... 20
B4. Federal Post Card Applications Rejected Because They Were Received Late ........................ 20
UOCAVA Ballots Transmitted: Questions B5–B10 .............................................................................. 21
B5–B10. UOCAVA Ballots Transmitted to Voters: Postal Mail, Email, Fax, Online, or Other Mode21
UOCAVA Ballots Returned: Questions B11–B17 ................................................................................ 22
B11–B16. Transmitted Ballots Returned by Voters: Postal Mail, Email, Fax, Online, or Other Mode
.......................................................................................................................................................... 22
B17: Ballots Returned Undeliverable ................................................................................................ 24
UOCAVA Ballots Counted: Questions B18–B23 .................................................................................. 25
B18–B23. Transmitted Ballots Counted: Postal Mail, Email, Fax, Online, or Other Mode ............ 25
UOCAVA Ballots Rejected: Questions B24–B28 ................................................................................. 27
B24–B28. Total Number of UOCAVA Ballots Rejected and Reasons for Rejection ....................... 27
Federal Write-In Absentee Ballots: Questions B29–B33 ................................................................... 28
B29–B33. Federal Write-In Absentee Ballots Received, Counted, and Rejected .......................... 28

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Section C: Mail Voting ......................................................................................................................... 29
Transmitted Mail Ballots: Questions C1–C2 ....................................................................................... 30
C1. Total Mail Ballots Transmitted .................................................................................................... 30
C2. Ballots Sent to Permanent Mail Voters ...................................................................................... 31
Mail Ballots Returned by Voters: Questions C3–C9 ........................................................................... 32
C3–C5. Mail Ballot Drop Boxes ......................................................................................................... 32
C6. Total Number of Mail Ballots Returned via Drop Boxes ............................................................ 33
C7. Mail Ballot Curing......................................................................................................................... 33
C8. Total Number of Mail Ballots Returned and Counted ............................................................... 34
C9. Number of Mail Ballots Rejected by Reason They Were Rejected ........................................... 35
Section D: In-Person Polling Operations .............................................................................................. 36
Precincts and Polling Places: Questions D1–D4 ................................................................................ 36
D1. Total Number of Precincts .......................................................................................................... 36
D2–D4. Number of Physical Polling Places (Election Day and Early Voting) .................................. 37
Poll Workers: Questions D5–D9 .......................................................................................................... 38
D5–D6. Election Day and Early Voting Poll Workers ........................................................................ 38
D7. Total Number of Poll Workers and Ages of the Poll Workers .................................................... 39
D8. Ease of Recruiting Poll Workers.................................................................................................. 39
D9. Number of New Poll Workers ...................................................................................................... 40
Section E: Provisional Voting ............................................................................................................... 41
Provisional Ballots Cast: Questions E1–E2 ......................................................................................... 42
E1. Total Provisional Ballots Submitted and Their Adjudication ..................................................... 42
E2. Reasons for Casting Provisional Ballots ..................................................................................... 43
Provisional Ballots Rejected: Question E3 .......................................................................................... 44
E3. Reasons for Provisional Ballot Rejections .................................................................................. 44
Section F: Voter Participation and Election Technologies ................................................................... 45
Participation in the 2024 General Election: Questions F1–F2 .......................................................... 45
F1. Total Participation in the 2024 General Election....................................................................... 46
F2. Source of Data for Total Participation in the 2024 General Election ....................................... 47
Election Technologies: Questions F3–F10 .......................................................................................... 48
F3–F8. Election Equipment Used ...................................................................................................... 48
F9–F10. Use of Electronic and Paper Poll Books............................................................................. 53

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Voter Registration Systems: Question F11.......................................................................................... 54
F11. Use of Voter Registration Systems ........................................................................................... 54
Location of Vote Tally: Question F12 ................................................................................................... 55
F12. Location Where Votes Were Tallied .......................................................................................... 55
F13. General Comments .................................................................................................................... 56

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Instructions for Completing the 2024 Election Administration and Voting Survey
1. This survey collects information on election administration issues in local election offices that are
responsible for the administration of the November 2024 general election. All data should be
reported at the local jurisdiction level. However, the state- or territorial-level election office may
fill out any or all of the information on behalf of the local election offices under its jurisdiction.
2. Read each section in its entirety before answering any of the questions in the section, paying
close attention to terminology definitions and instructions about what data should be included
for each question.
3. Do not leave any items blank. Always provide an answer to the question. If needed, use
responses, such as “Data not available” or “Does not apply” (if you do not have the necessary
data to provide an answer to a question), or use the “Other” category for a question (if you have
additional data to report that is not covered by one of the existing categories in a question).
4. Please attempt to record data according to the categories as they are defined in the question. If
your local jurisdiction uses a different data classification scheme (for instance, your jurisdiction
collects data in such a way that combines two or more categories listed in a question), then you
can use the space for “Other” to provide numbers and details for these categories. If you report
information in the “Other” field, please use the comment box to provide an explanation for the
answer.
5. Use the comment boxes as needed to provide additional context and nuance to the data you
report. This includes any explanations about the quality of the data you are providing. These
comments will assist the EAC in analyzing and presenting your data accurately. All comments you
provide will be made public when the survey data are released, and the information submitted in
your comments may be published in the EAVS Comprehensive Report and in other research
products released by the EAC. Because these comments will be public, they should be written so
they are understandable to readers who are not familiar with your state’s election policy and
practices. Comments should not include any sensitive or personally identifiable information (PII),
and any acronyms in your comments should be explained.

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Section A: Voter Registration
The goal of Section A is to understand the ways in which individuals registered to vote in each
jurisdiction between 2022 and 2024 and the efforts made to remove individuals who should no
longer be registered to vote in your jurisdiction.
This section of the EAVS asks for four types of data:
1. How many individuals were registered and eligible to vote for the 2024 general election?
2. How many voter registration transactions were processed between the close of registration
for the 2022 general election and the close of registration for the 2024 general election?
3. How many confirmation notices did your jurisdiction send to registered voters between the
close of registration for the 2022 general election and the close of registration for the 2024
general election?
4. How many voter registration records were removed from the voter registration rolls between
the close of registration for the 2022 general election and the close of registration for the
2024 general election?
The EAC is mandated by the National Voter Registration Act (NVRA) to collect information from
states concerning the impact of the statute on the administration of federal elections. With this
information, the EAC is required to make a report to Congress and to provide recommendations
for the improvement of federal and state procedures, forms, and other NVRA matters. States that
respond in a timely manner to all questions in this survey concerning voter registration-related
matters will meet their NVRA reporting requirements under 52 U.S.C. §20508 and EAC
regulations.
When completing this section, please keep these important definitions in mind:
Registration transaction: A unit of work performed to a voter registration record within a voter
registration database. Transactions may involve adding a new registration record, updating the
record of an existing registered voter (such as updating the voter’s name, contact information, or
address), or removing a record if the individual is no longer an eligible voter in your jurisdiction.
Multiple transactions may be performed on one voter registration record during the period between
the close of registration for the 2022 general election and the close of registration for the 2024
general election. In addition, when a voter moves between jurisdictions, it may trigger registration
transactions in the jurisdiction the voter was previously registered as well as in the jurisdiction that
the voter is newly registered.
Automatic registration program: A program that automatically registers eligible voters whenever they
interact with government agencies (e.g., departments of motor vehicles) or a program in which
eligible voters are given the option to register to vote electronically whenever they interact with
government agencies.
Confirmation notice: A notice mailed to a voter to confirm changes made to their information in a
database of registered voters. The notice may request that the voter take an action to confirm that
the information contained in the notice is accurate. Some of these notices are sent pursuant to
NVRA Section 8 (d) (1) (B) and Section 8 (d) (2). States that are exempt from the NVRA requirements
may send confirmation notices for other reasons, and some states that send confirmation notices
pursuant to NVRA may have additional confirmation notice programs mandated by state law. Some

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states may refer to these notices as “removal notices”; a removal notice should be reported only if it
meets the criteria established above. Examples of situations in which confirmation notices may be
sent include an indication that the registrant no longer resides in the registrar’s jurisdiction, the voter
has not voted or appeared to vote in a federal election for a certain number of elections, or the voter
may have received a criminal conviction that makes them ineligible to vote under your state’s law.
Answer All Questions
Please provide an answer to all of the items in Section A.
•

If the question is not applicable to your state or jurisdiction, enter “Does not apply” (or
“-88”) as your response.
o

•

Example: If your state or jurisdiction does not categorize registered voters as
inactive, then enter “Does not apply” (or “-88”) as your response to question A1c.

If the question is applicable to your state but your jurisdiction does not have the data
necessary to answer the question, enter “Data not available” (or “-99”) as your response.
o

Example: If your state or jurisdiction has same-day registration (SDR) but does not
track the number of SDRs received on Election Day separately from those
received before Election Day, then enter “Data not available” (or “-99”) as your
response to A2b and A2c.

Total Registrations: Questions A1 and A2
Questions A1 and A2 ask about individuals who were registered and eligible to vote in the 2024
general election. This includes all individuals who were registered to vote and who were included on
the final voter registration rolls for the election. For states with Election Day voter registration,
include all individuals who registered to vote through the close of the polls on Election Day.
Please do not include:
•
•
•

Individuals who registered to vote after the close of registration for the 2024 general election
and who were not eligible to vote in the 2024 general election,
Individuals whose applications to register to vote were not processed in time for them to be
eligible to vote in the 2024 general election; or
Individuals registered to vote under a pre-registration program but who were not yet eligible
to vote in the 2024 general election under your state’s law.

If your jurisdiction’s total number includes any special groups or situations that we should be aware
of, please use the A1 Comments box to explain.

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A1. Total Number of Registered and Eligible Persons: Active and Inactive
For question A1, report the total number of people (not votes or ballots) who were registered and
eligible to vote in the November 2024 general election. If your jurisdiction differentiates between
active and inactive voters, report the number of active voters in A1b and inactive voters in A1c. If
your state does not make this differentiation, report the total number of registered voters again in
A1b and enter “Does not apply” (or “-88”) as the response to A1c and A1d. If your state or
jurisdiction has other categories of registered and eligible voters aside from active and inactive
voters, list them in A1d; otherwise, report “Does not apply” (or “-88”) as the response to A1d. The
sum of A1b, A1c, and A1d should equal the total number of registered voters reported in A1a.
Type of Registered Voter

Total

A1a. TOTAL number of registered and eligible voters:
Do not include individuals who registered to vote after the 2024 deadline
for registration, individuals whose registration applications were not
processed in time for them to vote in the 2024 general election, or
individuals who registered under a pre-registration program but were not
yet eligible to vote in the 2024 general election.
A1b. TOTAL number of active voters:
Fully eligible voters who had no additional processing requirements to
fulfill before voting.
A1c. TOTAL number of inactive voters:
Voters who were eligible to vote but required address verification under
the provisions of the NVRA.
A1d. TOTAL number of other registered and eligible voters (please
describe):
If your state or jurisdiction had another type of registered and eligible
voter aside from active and inactive (such as provisionally registered
voters, voters whose registration applications are still being processed, or
voters whose registration status is pending), report them here.
A1 Comments:

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A2. Total Number of Same-Day Voter Registrations
For question A2, report the number of individuals who registered to vote through same-day
registration (SDR) or Election Day registration (EDR) for the 2024 general election. Individuals who
registered to vote through one of the following methods should be included in your responses to this
question:
•
•

•

Individuals who registered to vote on the same day that they cast a ballot in person, either on
Election Day or before Election Day.
Individuals who registered to vote in person (either at an election office or at a polling place)
and received a mail ballot on the same day that they registered, either on Election Day or
before Election Day.
Individuals who registered to vote on the same day that they cast a ballot due to special
circumstances in your state law (e.g., individuals who voted for federal offices only, or
individuals who moved between states after a registration deadline in a presidential election
year), either on Election Day or before Election Day.

A period of overlap between the mail balloting period and the close of voter registration should not
be considered SDR or EDR for the purposes of this question, unless the individual’s registration
circumstances fall into one of the categories described above. States that offer SDR or EDR should
have provided information about their relevant policy in Q11–Q11b of the 2024 Policy Survey.
Note that this question is about individuals who registered to vote and not ballots cast or votes. Both
new registrations and registration updates that were collected through SDR or EDR should be
reported in this question.
Report the total number of individuals who registered through SDR or EDR in the November 2024
general election in A2a. For questions A2b and A2c, separate the total number reported in A2a into
individuals who registered on Election Day and individuals who registered before Election Day. These
amounts should sum to the total provided in A2a. If you are unable to distinguish between these
categories or are unable to provide this breakdown, complete A2a and enter “Data not available” (or
“-99”) for A2b–A2c. If data are reported in A2b and A2c, the sum of these two items should equal
the total number of SDRs and EDRs reported in A2a.
Type of Same-Day Registration

Total

A2a. TOTAL same-day registrations or Election Day registrations received
A2b. Same-day registrations received on Election Day
A2c. Same-day registrations received before Election Day (e.g., during
early voting)
A2 Comments:

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Registration Transactions Processed: Questions A3–A9
These questions ask about the number of registration transactions processed in your jurisdiction
from the close of registration for the November 2022 general election through the close of
registration for the November 2024 general election. For example, a state with a voter registration
deadline of 15 days before Election Day should include all transactions received 14 days before the
2022 Election Day through 15 days before the 2024 Election Day. In states with SDR or EDR, all
registrations received after the close of the polls on Election Day in 2022 until the close of the polls
on Election Day 2024 should be included in your answers.
For EAVS, a registration transaction is defined as a unit of work performed to a voter registration
record within a voter registration database. Transactions may involve adding a new registration
record, updating the record of an existing registered voter (such as updating the voter’s name,
contact information, or address), or removing a record if the individual is no longer an eligible
voter. Multiple transactions may be performed on one voter registration record during the period
between the close of registration for the 2022 general election and the close of registration for
the 2024 general election. In addition, when a voter moves between jurisdictions, it may trigger
registration transactions in the jurisdiction that the voter was previously registered as well as in
the jurisdiction that the voter is newly registered.
If your state or jurisdiction tracks registrations at the application or form level, not at the transaction
level, please report your data as registration applications or forms and make note of this in the A3
Comments box and in the A4–A9 Comments box.
A3. Total Registration Transactions Processed: 2022 to 2024
For question A3a, report the total number of registration transactions your jurisdiction processed
from all sources between the close of registration for the November 2022 general election and the
close of registration for the November 2024 general election. Include any transactions that were
processed, such as changes to name, political party, or address; duplicates; or pre-registrations. If
applicable, also include any SDRs or EDRs and any registrations from special categories of voters
who may have had an extended voter registration deadline, such as returning military personnel.
Then, divide the total number of transactions received (A3a) into the categories listed in A3b through
A3f. Use items A3g–A3i for any registration forms that cannot be placed into any of the categories
specified in A3b through A3f.
SDRs, EDRs, and special category voter registrations should be included in the appropriate category
(e.g., new valid registration or updates to existing valid registrations).
If a registration transaction involves a registered voter moving out of your jurisdiction to another
jurisdiction (either within your state or to a different state), that is considered an update to an
existing valid registration that is reported in A3e. If a voter who was previously registered in another
jurisdiction in your state moves into your jurisdiction, that is considered a new valid registration that
is reported in A3b.

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Type of Registration Transaction Received

Total

A3a. TOTAL registration transactions received:
All registration transactions received between the close of registration for
the November 2022 general election and the close of registration for the
November 2024 general election.
A3b. New valid registrations (excluding pre-registrations of people under
the age of 18):
All successful registration transactions that were not invalidated or
rejected and did not duplicate or modify a previously existing registration
in the jurisdiction.
A3c. New valid pre-registrations of people under the age of 18:
Individuals who registered under a pre-registration program and were not
yet eligible to vote in the 2024 general election under your state’s law.
When a pre-registered individual becomes eligible to vote, this transaction
should be reported in A3b. Invalid pre-registrations should be reported in
A3f.
A3d. Duplicates of existing valid registrations:
Registration transactions submitted by persons already registered to vote
at the same address, under the same name and personal information
(e.g., date of birth, social security number, driver’s license), and with the
same political party (where applicable).
A3e. Updates to existing valid registrations:
Registration transactions that modified or edited voter information for
individuals with a current, valid registration in the jurisdiction. Examples of
updates include a change to the individual’s name, contact information,
address (either within the same jurisdiction or an address change that
crossed jurisdiction borders), or political party (where applicable).
A3f. Invalid or rejected transactions (other than duplicates):
Transactions that did not meet the requirements of eligibility because they
were not completed properly, or the individual was not eligible to register
to vote in your jurisdiction.
A3g. Other:
A3h. Other:
A3i. Other:
A3 Comments:

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A4–A9. Total Registration Transactions Processed by Source: 2022 to 2024
For question A4, divide the total number of voter registration transactions reported in question A3a
into the listed sources through which the transaction was received. Then, for new valid registration
transactions (A3b and A3c), duplicate registration transactions (A3d), transactions that updated
existing registration records (A3e), invalid or rejected registration transactions (A3f), and other types
of registration transactions (A3g, A3h, and A3i), divide the total number of transactions into the listed
categories through which the transaction was received. Questions A5 through A9 are mutually
exclusive.
Questions A6 and A7 are mutually exclusive—duplicate registrations included in A6 should not be
included as invalid or rejected registrations in A7 and vice versa.
For subitems a–n, it is important to focus on the mode used to submit the registration transaction.
These modes are intended to be mutually exclusive. For example, if an individual submits a
registration transaction online using a public-facing online registration portal that is maintained by
the state or jurisdiction election office, this should be reported in the “c” subitems (i.e., individual
voters who submitted transactions via a public-facing online registration system) in these questions.
However, if the state public assistance office maintains its own online voter registration site separate
from the site maintained by the state election office, then a registration transaction submitted by an
individual using the public assistance office online portal should be reported in the “f” subitems in
these questions.
When reporting transactions received online, only include registration transactions that were
completed and submitted through an online voter registration system. A transaction that was filled
out online but submitted via email or printed and submitted via mail should be included under the
“a” subitems (i.e., individual voters who submitted transactions by mail, fax, or email).
SDRs and EDRs, if applicable in your state or jurisdiction, should be categorized according to the
mode used to submit the registration transaction. For example, if a voter submitted an SDR
transaction at an election/registrar’s office, it should be reported in the “b” subitems. If a voter
submitted an SDR transaction at a polling place, it should be reported in the “k” subitems.
For EAVS, an automatic registration program is defined as a program that automatically registers
eligible voters whenever they interact with government agencies (e.g., departments of motor
vehicles) or a program in which eligible voters are given the option to register to vote
electronically whenever they interact with government agencies. States that use an automatic
registration program should have provided information on this program in Q8–Q8a of the 2024
Policy Survey.
If a voter registration mode is not offered in your state, report “Does not apply” (or “-88”). For
instance, if automatic voter registration is not available in your state, report “Does not apply” in A4d,
A5d, A6d, A7d, A8d, and A9d. If a registration mode is offered but you do not have sufficient data to
report how many transactions were received through the registration mode, report “Data not
available” (or “-99”) for the relevant items.

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A4a through A4n: Divide the total number of all registration transactions received (as reported in A3a) into the following sources.
A5a through A5n: Divide the total number of new valid registration transactions received (as reported in A3b + A3c) into the following sources.
A6a through A6n: Divide the total number of duplicates of existing valid registrations (as reported in A3d) into the following sources.
A7a through A7n: Divide the total number of updates to existing valid registrations (as reported in A3e) received into the following sources.
A8a through A8n: Divide the total number of invalid or rejected registration forms (as reported in A3f) received into the following sources.
A9a through A9n: Divide the total number of other types of registration transactions (as reported in A3g + A3h + A3i) received into the following sources.

A4. Total
registration
transactions
Registration Source

Total of A4 items
should sum to A3a

A5. New valid
registrations
Total of A5 items
should sum to
A3b + A3c

A6. Duplicates
of existing valid
registrations

A7. Updates to
existing valid
registrations

A8. Invalid or
rejected
registrations

Total of A6 items
should sum to A3d

Total of A7 items
should sum to A3e

Total of A8 items
should sum to A3f

A9. Other types
of registrations
Total of A9 items
should sum to
A3g + A3h + A3i

a. Individual voters who
submitted transactions by
mail, fax, or email
b. Individual voters who
registered in person at the
election/registrar’s office
c. Individual voters who
submitted transactions via a
public-facing online
registration system
maintained by the state or
jurisdiction election office
(excluding online registration
systems specific to one of
the government agencies
listed below)

d. Registration transactions
received through an
automatic registration
program
e.

Motor vehicles offices or
other offices that issue
driver’s licenses (excluding
automatic registration
programs)

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A4. Total
registration
transactions
Registration Source
f.

Total of A4 items
should sum to A3a

A5. New valid
registrations
Total of A5 items
should sum to
A3b + A3c

A6. Duplicates
of existing valid
registrations

A7. Updates to
existing valid
registrations

A8. Invalid or
rejected
registrations

Total of A6 items
should sum to A3d

Total of A7 items
should sum to A3e

Total of A8 items
should sum to A3f

A9. Other types
of registrations
Total of A9 items
should sum to
A3g + A3h + A3i

Public assistance offices
mandated as registration
sites under NVRA (excluding
automatic registration
programs)

g. State-funded agencies
primarily serving persons
with disabilities (excluding
automatic registration
programs)

h. Armed forces recruitment
offices
i.

Other agencies designated
by the state not mandated
by NVRA (excluding
automatic registration
programs)

j.

Registration drives from
advocacy groups or political
parties

k. Polling places and voting
sites
l.

Other:

m. Other:
n. Other:
A4–A9 Comments:

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Voter Registration List Maintenance: Questions A10–A13
These questions ask about efforts conducted between the close of registration for the November
2022 general election and the close of registration for the November 2024 general election to
ensure voter registration rolls are maintained and updated by periodically canceling registrations for
individuals who are no longer eligible voters.
For EAVS, a confirmation notice is defined as a notice mailed to a voter to confirm changes made
to their information in a database of registered voters. The notice may request that the voter take
an action to confirm that the information contained in the notice is accurate. Some of these
notices are sent pursuant to NVRA Section 8 (d) (1) (B) and Section 8 (d) (2). States that are
exempt from NVRA requirements may send confirmation notices for other reasons, and some
states that send confirmation notices pursuant to NVRA may have additional confirmation notice
programs mandated by state law. Some states may refer to these notices as “removal notices”;
removal notices should be reported only if they meet the criteria established above.
Examples of situations in which confirmation notices may be sent include an indication that the
registrant no longer resides in the registrar’s jurisdiction, the voter has not voted or appeared to
vote in a federal election for a certain number of elections, or the voter may have received a
criminal conviction that makes them ineligible to vote under your state’s law. States that use
confirmation notices should have provided information about their relevant policy in Q18–Q18a
of the 2024 Policy Survey.
A10. Total Confirmation Notices Sent to Voters: 2022 to 2024
For question A10a, report the total number of confirmation notices sent to voters in the period
between the close of registration for the November 2022 general election and the close of
registration for the November 2024 general election. This total should include confirmation notices
sent for any reason, including those sent pursuant to NVRA, those sent because of state law, or
those sent because of your state’s participation in an interstate data-sharing compact.
Next, for questions A10b–A10f, divide the total number of confirmation notices mailed (as reported
in A10a) into the listed outcome categories. Use items A10g–A10i for notices that cannot be placed
into any of the outcome categories specified in A10b–A10f. The amounts reported in A10b–A10i
should sum to the total provided in A10a.

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Outcome of Confirmation Notice

Total

A10a. TOTAL number of confirmation notices sent to registered voters:
The total number of registration confirmation notices sent to voters during
the time period between the close of registration for the November 2022
general election through the close of registration for the November 2024
general election.
A10b. Notices received back from voter confirming registration with no
address change:
The total number of notices returned that confirmed an individual was still
eligible to vote in the jurisdiction at the address listed on the individual’s
voter records.
A10c. Notices received back from voters confirming registration with an
updated address:
The total number of notices returned that confirmed that the individual
was still eligible to vote in the jurisdiction but provided an updated
address.
A10d. Notices received back confirming registration should be invalidated:
The total number of notices returned that confirmed an individual was no
longer eligible to vote in the jurisdiction or no longer wanted to be
registered to vote.
A10e. Notices returned back as undeliverable:
The total number of notices returned to the election office because the
U.S. Postal Service (USPS) could not deliver the notice to the voter.
A10f. Unreturned confirmation notices (neither received back from voters
nor returned as undeliverable):
Any notice that was sent to a voter but was not received back confirming
registration (A10b and A10c), confirming invalidation (A10d), or returned
as undeliverable (A10e).
A10g. Other:
A10h. Other:
A10i. Other:
A10 Comments:

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A11. Reasons for Sending Confirmation Notices to Voters: 2022 to 2024
For question A11, report the number of confirmation notices sent to voters between the close of
registration for the November 2022 general election and the close of registration for the November
2024 general election (as reported in A10a) divided according to the primary reason the
confirmation notice was sent. Use items A11l–A11n for notices that cannot be placed into any of the
categories specified in A11a–A11k. The amounts reported in A11a–A11n should sum to the total
provided in A10a.
Report confirmation notices according to the primary reason they were sent. If a confirmation notice
was sent for multiple reasons, report it in one of the “other” items in A11l–A11n with a description of
the reasons.
If your state does not send confirmation notices for one of the listed reasons—for instance, if voters
are not removed from the registration rolls for receiving a disqualifying criminal conviction or for
being incarcerated—then report “Does not apply” (or “-88”) for the item.
Reason for Sending Confirmation Notice

Total

A11a. Mail sent by the election office to the voter was returned as
undeliverable by the USPS
A11b. Voter may have moved from the address listed in their voter record
(including voters who may have moved from the jurisdiction in which they
were registered).
Include notifications from National Change of Address (NCOA) reports.
A11c. Voter failed to vote in the two most recent federal general elections.
A11d. Voter may have received a disqualifying criminal conviction or may
have been incarcerated and disqualified from voting.
A11e. Voter requested to be removed from the registration rolls.
A11f. Voter may have been declared incompetent to vote under state law.
A11g. Voter may be deceased.
A11h. Voter surrendered their state driver’s license and obtained a new
license in a different state.
A11i. Voter had not made contact (as defined by state statute) with the
election office in the prescribed period.
A11j. Confirmation notice was sent as part of a routine mailing to all
registered voters.
A11k. Voter may have a duplicate voter registration record.
A11l. Other:
A11m. Other:
A11n. Other:
A11 Comments:

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A12. Total Voters Removed From the Registration Rolls: 2022 to 2024
For question A12a, report the total number of voter registration records removed from the voter
registration rolls in your jurisdiction in the period between the close of registration for the November
2022 general election and the close of registration for the November 2024 general election. Note
that this question asks for records removed from the list of registered voters, not those moved to an
“inactive” registration status or those merged with another record. Records that were merged with
other voter registration records should be reported in A13a.
Next, for questions A12b–A12h, divide the total number of record removals (as reported in A12a)
into the listed reason for removal categories. Use items A12i–A12k for removals that cannot be
placed into any of the categories specified in A12b–A12h. The amounts in A12b–A12k should sum
to the total provided in A12a.
Reason for Removal

Total

A12a. TOTAL number of voter registration records removed from the voter
registration rolls:
Include only those records that were completely removed from the list of
registered voters, not records that were moved to an inactive list or that
were merged with other records.
A12b. Voter moved outside of jurisdiction.
A12c. Voter is deceased.
A12d. Voter was disqualified from voting because of a disqualifying
criminal conviction or incarceration.
A12e. Voter failed to respond to a sent confirmation notice and failed to
vote in the two most recent federal elections.
A12f. Voter was declared incompetent to vote under state law.
A12g. Voter requested to be removed from the registration rolls for
reasons other than those listed above.
A12h. Duplicate voter registration record
Report only duplicate records that were entirely removed from the voter
registration database, not those that were merged with another
registration record. Merged records should be reported in A13a.
A12i. Other:
A12j. Other:
A12k. Other:
A12 Comments:

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A13. Voter Registration Records Merged or Linked: 2022 to 2024
For question A13a, report the total number of voter registration records that were merged or linked
with other records because they were duplicates. Do not report records that were moved to an
inactive status or records that were entirely removed from the voter registration database.
Report the total number of records that were merged or linked with another record, but do not count
the record that remains in the system. For instance, if two duplicate voter registration records were
merged or linked together, this should be counted as one merged/linked record. If three duplicate
voter registration records were merged into one record or linked together, this should be counted as
two merged/linked records.
If your jurisdiction does not track this data, report “Data not available” (or “-99”). If your jurisdiction
does not merge or link duplicative voter registration records, report “Does not apply” (or “-88”).
Total Number of Merged or Linked Voter Registration Records

Total

A13a. TOTAL number of voter registration records that were merged or
linked with another record
Report only registration records that were merged or linked with another
record because the records were duplicates. Records that were entirely
removed from the voter registration database because they were
duplicates should be reported in A12h.
A13 Comments:

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Section B: Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act (UOCAVA)
The goal of Section B is to understand the voters covered under the Uniformed and Overseas
Citizens Absentee Voting Act (UOCAVA) in your jurisdiction. The questions in this section of the survey
reflect the need to fully understand the UOCAVA voting process, which serves an important
population segment of the American electorate. This section of the EAVS asks for five types of data:
1. How many individuals were registered and eligible to vote in 2024 as a UOCAVA voter?
2. How many Federal Post Card Applications (FPCA) were received by the election office, how
many were accepted, and how many were rejected?
3. How many ballots were transmitted to and returned by UOCAVA voters?
4. How many ballots returned by UOCAVA voters were counted and how many were rejected?
5. How many Federal Write-In Absentee Ballots (FWAB) were received and how many were
rejected or accepted?
Types of UOCAVA Voters
UOCAVA serves several populations of U.S. citizens. Below are the UOCAVA voter categories that are
listed on the FPCA and how they correspond to the voter-type categories that are in this section of
the survey:
Uniformed Services voters—domestic or
foreign

I am a member of the Uniformed Services or
U.S. Merchant Marine on active duty.
OR
I am an eligible spouse or dependent of a
member of the Uniformed Services.

Non-military/civilian overseas voter

I am a U.S. citizen residing outside of the United
States, and I intend to return.
I am a U.S. citizen residing outside of the United
States, and my return is not certain.
I am a U.S. citizen and have never resided in
the United States.

It is very important to remember that the spouse or dependents of a Uniformed Services member or
member of the U.S. Merchant Marine are also considered a Uniformed Services voter under UOCAVA.
Military spouses and dependents should be categorized as Uniformed Services voters, not as civilian
overseas voters or “Other.”
There is a federal definition of UOCAVA, and an individual who registers and requests an absentee
ballot using an FPCA is covered by UOCAVA. However, your state may cover additional individuals
under UOCAVA; for example, a National Guard member activated on state orders is often considered
a UOCAVA voter under state law. Your state may also allow people to request UOCAVA status using a
state form or another mechanism. For most of Section B, use your state’s definition of UOCAVA to

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answer the questions. For the questions that specifically ask about FPCAs, only report data on those
voters covered by UOCAVA who submitted an FPCA.
For 2024, Section B includes the Federal Voting Assistance Program (FVAP) Post-Election Voting
Survey of Local Election Officials. In 2014, the EAC incorporated these questions for states that
report UOCAVA voting information as required by 42 U.S.C. §1973ff-1. States that complete and
timely submit this section to the EAC will fulfill their UOCAVA reporting requirement under 42
U.S.C §1973ff-1(c).
Pursuant to UOCAVA, this section collects various data elements needed to determine (1) the
combined number of absentee ballots transmitted to UOCAVA voters; (2) the combined number of
ballots returned by UOCAVA voters; and (3) the combined number of returned ballots cast by
UOCAVA voters (the number of cast ballots is practically determined by collecting data concerning
the total votes counted and rejected).
Types of UOCAVA Absentee Ballots
Section B asks about two types of absentee ballots:
Transmitted ballots: These are ballots that your office sent to voters, including ballots sent via postal
mail, email, fax, or other modes.
Federal Write-In Absentee Ballots (FWAB): These are ballots that originated from UOCAVA voters who
did not receive their requested or transmitted absentee ballots in time. On the FWAB, the voter lists
each office and the name or the candidate or party for whom the voter is casting a vote. FWABs
should not be reported with transmitted UOCAVA absentee ballots; they are instead reported in
questions B29–B33. If your state or jurisdiction cannot separate FWABs from regular UOCAVA
ballots, this should be noted in the comment boxes for questions B5–B28.
Answer All Questions
Please provide an answer to all of the items in Section B.
•

If the question is not applicable to your state or jurisdiction, enter “Does not apply” (or
“-88”) as your response.
o

•

Example: If your state does not transmit UOCAVA absentee ballots by email, then
enter “Does not apply” (or “-88”) as your response to questions B7a–B7c.

If the question is applicable to your state but your jurisdiction does not have the data
necessary to answer the question, enter “Data not available” (or “-99”) as your response.
o

Example: If your state rejects UOCAVA ballots that do not have a postmark but
does not track data on the number of ballots that were rejected for that reason,
then enter “Data not available” (or “-99”) as the response to questions B27a–
B27c.

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Registered and Eligible UOCAVA Voters: Question B1
This question asks about the number of registered voters covered under UOCAVA for the 2024
general election.
States may differ in how they grant UOCAVA status to voters, so please apply the guidelines your
state follows.
•
•

For some states, this may be the total number of voters who registered and requested a
ballot using an FPCA for the November 2024 general election.
For other states, this number might also include voters who did not register using an FPCA
but identified themselves as a UOCAVA voter at some point during the voting process, such
as on a state voter registration form or by having a non-U.S. mailing address.

In states where a person’s FPCA remains valid across elections without requiring a new FPCA or
other notification, include all UOCAVA voters who returned an FPCA in 2024 or who continued to
have UOCAVA status from a previous request.
B1. Total Registered and Eligible UOCAVA Voters
For question B1a, report the total number of registered and eligible voters in your jurisdiction who
were covered by UOCAVA in the November 2024 general election.
For questions B1b and B1c, separate the number of registered and eligible voters reported in B1a
into the categories of Uniformed Services voters and non-military/civilian overseas voters. These
amounts should sum to the total provided in B1a. If you are unable to distinguish between different
UOCAVA voter types, complete B1a and enter “Data not available” (or “-99”) for B1b–B1c.
Provide any comments about the nuances of how your jurisdiction categorizes registered UOCAVA
voters in the B1 Comments box.
Category of UOCAVA Voters

Total

B1a. TOTAL registered and eligible UOCAVA voters:
Report the total number of registered and eligible voters covered under
UOCAVA for the November 2024 general election. Include active and
inactive voters and any persons who might have registered as UOCAVA
before or on Election Day.
If the total number of registered and eligible voters who were covered by
UOCAVA in the November 2024 general election in your jurisdiction is
zero, report “0” for B1a.
B1b. Total registered and eligible Uniformed Services voters (members of
the Uniformed Services and their eligible dependents)—domestic or
foreign
B1c. Total registered and eligible non-military/civilian overseas voters
B1 Comments:

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FPCAs Received, Accepted, and Rejected: Questions B2–B4
These questions ask about Federal Post Card Applications (FPCA), which are federal forms that
states are required to process for voters covered by UOCAVA. For this question, focus on the total
number of UOCAVA-registered voters provided in B1a and identify how many voters used an FPCA to
register and request an absentee ballot.
B2. Federal Post Card Applications Received
For B2a, report the total number of FPCAs received from UOCAVA voters for the November 2024
general election.
Next, for questions B2b–B2c, separate the total number of FPCAs received from UOCAVA voters into
the categories of Uniformed Services voters and non-military/civilian voters. These amounts should
sum to the total provided in B2a.
FPCAs Received From UOCAVA Voters

Total

B2a. TOTAL Federal Post Card Applications (FPCA) from UOCAVA voters:
Include any ballot request for the November 2024 general election that
originated from an FPCA, regardless of the year of submission. Only
include FPCA requests; do not include absentee ballot requests that
originated from a state absentee voter registration form or other source.
B2b. TOTAL FPCAs from Uniformed Services voters (members of the
Uniformed Services and their eligible dependents)—domestic or foreign
B2c. TOTAL FPCAs from non-military/civilian overseas voters
B2 Comments:

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B3. Federal Post Card Applications Rejected
For question B3a, report the total number of rejected FPCAs from UOCAVA voters. Rejected FPCAs
should include any forms that did not meet full eligibility requirements for triggering the transmission
of a blank UOCAVA ballot. Reasons for rejection might include missing information, lack of a
signature, a missed deadline, or overall ineligibility.
For questions B3b–B3c, divide the total number of rejected FPCAs into the categories of Uniformed
Services voters and non-military/civilian voters. These amounts should sum to the total provided in
B3a.
FPCAs Rejected

Total

B3a. TOTAL rejected Federal Post Card Applications (FPCA) from all UOCAVA
voters:
Include any rejected FPCA for the November 2024 general election, regardless
of the year of submission. Only include FPCA requests; do not include absentee
ballot requests that originated from a state absentee voter registration form or
other source.
B3b. Rejected FPCAs received from Uniformed Services voters (members of the
Uniformed Services and their eligible dependents)—domestic or foreign
B3c. Rejected FPCAs received from non-military/civilian overseas voters
B3 Comments:

B4. Federal Post Card Applications Rejected Because They Were Received Late
For question B4, report how many of the rejected FPCAs for the 2024 general election (as reported
in B3a) were rejected because they were received late. FPCAs might be considered late if they were
received back after the deadline or if they failed to meet the deadline for receiving any ballot for the
2024 general election. Here, “deadline” refers to the last day a UOCAVA voter could request to
receive an absentee ballot using an FPCA.
Reason for FPCA Rejection

Total

B4a. TOTAL rejected FPCAs because they were received late:
Of the total number of FPCAs that were rejected (as reported in B3a), how many
were rejected because the election office received them after the absentee ballot
request deadline?”
B4 Comments:

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UOCAVA Ballots Transmitted: Questions B5–B10
A transmitted ballot is any blank ballot that your office sent to a UOCAVA voter, including ballots sent
to voters via postal mail, email, fax, or other modes. Do not include FWABs or other ballots not
transmitted from the election office to the voter.
B5–B10. UOCAVA Ballots Transmitted to Voters: Postal Mail, Email, Fax, Online, or Other Mode
For B5a, report the total number of blank absentee ballots transmitted (sent by your office) to
UOCAVA voters for the November 2024 general election, and then divide the total number of
transmitted UOCAVA ballots that were reported in B5a into Uniformed Services (B5b) and nonmilitary/civilian overseas voters (B5c). All transmitted UOCAVA ballots, including duplicate
transmissions, should be reported in these questions. If the total number of UOCAVA ballots
transmitted is zero, report “0” for B5a and skip to question B29. FWABs should not be included in
these questions; you will report data on FWABs starting with question B29.
For questions B6–B10, report how many blank UOCAVA absentee ballots your jurisdiction
transmitted to UOCAVA voters via postal mail (B6), email (B7), fax (B8), online (B9), and other modes
(B10). These questions refer to the way ballots were sent to voters, not the way ballots were
requested or returned. The amounts reported in B6a, B7a, B8a, B9a, and B10a should sum to what
was reported in B5a (this also applies to the b and c subitems in these questions). In addition, the
amounts reported in B5b and B5c should sum to what was reported in B5a (this also applies to the b
and c subitems in questions B6–B10).
Type of UOCAVA Voter

Mode of Transmission

a. Total

b. Uniformed Services
voters (members of
the Uniformed
Services and their
eligible dependents)—
domestic or foreign

c. Non-military/civilian
overseas voters

B5. TOTAL absentee ballots
transmitted to UOCAVA voters:
Do not include FWABs in this
number.
B6. Postal mail:
Report the total number of
absentee ballots transmitted by
postal mail, using USPS or any
private courier shipping services
(e.g., FedEx, UPS, DHL).
B7. Email:
Report the total number of
absentee ballots transmitted via
email attachment from your
office to voters.

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Type of UOCAVA Voter

Mode of Transmission

a. Total

b. Uniformed Services
voters (members of
the Uniformed
Services and their
eligible dependents)—
domestic or foreign

c. Non-military/civilian
overseas voters

B8. Fax:
Report the total number of
absentee ballots transmitted via
fax.
B9. Online:
Report the total number of
absentee ballots transmitted via
an online ballot delivery portal.
B10. Other mode:
Report the total number of
absentee ballots transmitted by
other methods.
B5–B10 Comments:

UOCAVA Ballots Returned: Questions B11–B17
B11–B16. Transmitted Ballots Returned by Voters: Postal Mail, Email, Fax, Online, or Other Mode
For these questions, report how many UOCAVA absentee ballots were returned for the November
2024 general election. For question B11, please report the total number of ballots that were
returned by voters for the 2024 general election out of all UOCAVA ballots transmitted to voters (as
reported in B5a). FWABs should not be included in these questions; you will report data on FWABs
starting with question B29.
Returned ballots include all ballots returned by the voter to the election office, regardless of whether
or not those ballots were ultimately counted. Duplicate ballot returns should be included in these
questions; if your state cannot track duplicate ballot returns, please note this in the B11–B16
Comments box.
Next, for questions B12–B16, divide the total number of UOCAVA absentee ballots received by the
election office (as reported in B11) into the categories of types of voters and modes of return. These
amounts should sum to the total provided in B11.

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Type of UOCAVA Voter

Mode of Return

a. Total

b. Uniformed Services
voters (members of
the Uniformed
Services and their
eligible dependents)—
domestic or foreign

c. Non-military/civilian
overseas voters

B11. TOTAL absentee ballots
returned:
Of all the UOCAVA ballots
transmitted to voters as
reported in B5a, report the total
number of ballots that were
returned by voters to your office
for the 2024 general election.
Do not include FWABs in this
number.
B12. Postal mail:
Of all the UOCAVA ballots
returned (B11a), report the total
number of ballots that were
returned by postal mail. This
includes all ballots that your
office received via the USPS or
private courier shipping services
(e.g., FedEx, UPS, DHL).
B13. Email:
Of all the UOCAVA ballots
returned (B11a), report the total
number of ballots that were
returned by email. This includes
all ballots that you received via
email attachment from a voter.
B14. Fax:
Of all the UOCAVA ballots
returned (B11a), report the total
number of ballots that were
returned via fax.
B15. Online:
Of all the UOCAVA ballots
returned (B11a), report the total
number of ballots that were
returned via an online ballot
delivery portal.

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Type of UOCAVA Voter

Mode of Return

a. Total

b. Uniformed Services
voters (members of
the Uniformed
Services and their
eligible dependents)—
domestic or foreign

c. Non-military/civilian
overseas voters

B16. Other mode:
Of all the UOCAVA ballots
returned (B11a), report the total
number of ballots that were
returned through other
methods.
B11–B16 Comments:

B17: Ballots Returned Undeliverable
For question B17, please report the total number of blank ballots transmitted to voters (as reported
in B5a) that were returned as undeliverable, in total and by mode of transmission. This includes
ballots returned by postal mail as undeliverable (B17b), ballots for which the email to the voter
bounced back and could not be used (B17c), ballots for which there was a bad fax number (B17d),
ballots which could not successfully be delivered online via a ballot delivery portal (B17e), and
ballots that were undeliverable by other modes (B17f).
TOTAL Ballots Returned Undeliverable
by Mode of Transmission

Mode of Return
B17a. TOTAL ballots returned undeliverable:
Ballots that were returned, regardless of the mode by
which they were transmitted, and could not be delivered
to the voter.
B17b. Postal mail undeliverable
B17c. Email undeliverable
B17d. Fax undeliverable
B17e. Online undeliverable
B17f. Other mode undeliverable
B17 Comments:

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UOCAVA Ballots Counted: Questions B18–B23
B18–B23. Transmitted Ballots Counted: Postal Mail, Email, Fax, Online, or Other Mode
For these questions, report how many returned UOCAVA absentee ballots were counted for the
November 2024 general election. For question B18, out of all the UOCAVA ballots returned by voters
(as reported in B11a), report the total number of ballots that were counted by your office for the 2024
general election. FWABs should not be included in these questions; you will report data on FWABs
starting with question B29.
Next, for questions B19–B23, divide the total number of UOCAVA absentee ballots counted (as
reported in B18a) into the categories of types of voters and modes of return.
Type of UOCAVA Voter

Mode of Return

a. Total

b. Uniformed
Services voters
(members of
the Uniformed
Services and
their eligible
dependents)—
domestic or
foreign

c. Nonmilitary/civilian
overseas voters

B18. TOTAL:
Of all the UOCAVA ballots returned by voters as
reported in B11a, report the total number of ballots
that were counted by your office for the 2024
general election. Do not include FWABs in this
number.
B19. Postal mail:
Report the total number of UOCAVA ballots returned
by postal mail that were counted by your office for
the 2024 general election. This includes all ballots
that your office received via the USPS or private
courier shipping services (e.g., FedEx, UPS, DHL).
B20. Email:
Report the total number of UOCAVA ballots returned
by email that were counted by your office for the
2024 general election. This includes all ballots that
you received via email attachment from a voter.
B21. Fax:
Report the total number of UOCAVA ballots returned
by fax that were counted by your office for the 2024
general election.
B22. Online:
Report the total number of UOCAVA ballots returned
online via a ballot delivery portal that were counted
by your office for the 2024 general election.

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Type of UOCAVA Voter

Mode of Return

b. Uniformed
Services voters
(members of
the Uniformed
Services and
their eligible
dependents)—
domestic or
foreign

a. Total

c. Nonmilitary/civilian
overseas voters

B23. Other mode:
Report the total number of UOCAVA ballots returned
through other methods that were counted by your
office for the 2024 general election.
B18–B23 Comments:

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UOCAVA Ballots Rejected: Questions B24–B28
B24–B28. Total Number of UOCAVA Ballots Rejected and Reasons for Rejection
For questions B24a–B24c, report the total number of transmitted UOCAVA ballots that were returned
by voters and were rejected. FWABs should not be included in these questions; you will report data on
FWABs starting with question B29.
For questions B25–B28, divide the total number of rejections by the reason the ballot was rejected
and the type of voter. For example, for question B26, report the total number of ballots that were
rejected because of a signature problem (B26a) and then divide that total by ballots returned by
Uniformed Services voters (B26b) and by non-military/civilian overseas voters (B26c).
Type of UOCAVA Voter

Reason for Rejection

a. Total

b. Uniformed
Services voters
(members of
the Uniformed
Services and
their eligible
dependents)—
domestic or
foreign

c. Nonmilitary/civilian
overseas voters

B24. TOTAL ballots rejected:
Rejected ballots include any ballot that was not
counted, regardless of the reason the ballot was
rejected. Do not include FWABs in this number.
B25. Ballots not received on time/missed deadline:
Ballots that were not counted because they were
received after the deadline for a ballot to be
received for counting.
B26. Problem with voter signature:
Ballots that were not counted because of an issue
relating to the voter signature, including but not
limited to a missing signature or a returned ballot
signature that did not match the signature on file.
B27. Ballots lacking a postmark:
Ballots that were not counted because they lacked
the postmark required by your state or jurisdiction,
despite being received before the deadline for
being included for counting. Report “Does not
apply” (or “-88”) if your state does not reject
UOCAVA ballots for lacking a postmark.
B28. Other:
B24–B28 Comments:

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Federal Write-In Absentee Ballots: Questions B29–B33
B29–B33. Federal Write-In Absentee Ballots Received, Counted, and Rejected
For questions B29–B33, report the total number of Federal Write-In Absentee Ballots (FWAB)
received, counted, and rejected from UOCAVA voters for the following types of UOCAVA voters.
Type of UOCAVA Voter

a. TOTAL
number of
FWABs

FWAB Outcome

b. Uniformed
Services
voters
(members of
the Uniformed
Services and
their eligible
dependents)—
domestic or
foreign

c. Nonmilitary/civilian
overseas
voters

B29. TOTAL number of FWABs returned by
UOCAVA voters
B30. TOTAL number of FWABs counted
B31. Total number of FWABs rejected because
they were received after the ballot receipt
deadline:
Of the total number of FWABs received and
rejected, report the number of FWABs that
were rejected or not counted because they
were received after the state’s deadline for
receiving and accepting FWABs.
B32. Total number of FWABs rejected because
the voter’s regular absentee ballot was
received and counted:
Of the total number of FWABs received and
rejected, report the number of FWABs that
were rejected or not counted because the
voter also returned an absentee ballot that you
had transmitted to the voter.
B33. Total number of FWABs rejected for other
reasons (please describe):
B29–B33 Comments:

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Section C: Mail Voting
Section C asks about mail voting, in which a ballot is mailed to a voter (or, in some cases, issued
over the counter at an election office or made available to the voter via a web portal or by fax) and
the voter marks the ballot and returns it by mail, in a drop box, or in person at a polling place or
election office. For purposes of the EAVS, “mail voting” is synonymous with “absentee voting.” The
EAVS no longer uses the term “absentee voting” in recognition of the fact that a majority of states no
longer require a voter to be absent from their voting location in order to cast a ballot by mail.
This section of the EAVS asks for six types of data:
1. How many mail ballots were transmitted to voters in the 2024 general election?
2. How many mail ballots were transmitted to permanent mail voters in the 2024 general
election?
3. How many mail-ballot drop boxes were used in the 2024 general election, and how many
mail ballots were returned via these drop boxes?
4. How many mail ballots were successfully cured by voters for the 2024 general election?
5. How many mail ballots were accepted and how many mail ballots were rejected in the 2024
general election?
6. For what reasons were mail ballots rejected in the 2024 general election?
When reporting data on mail voting, include duplicate ballot transmissions (such as when a voter
misplaces their mail ballot and requests a replacement) and duplicate ballot returns (such as when a
voter submits multiple mail ballots, even though only one ballot is ultimately counted). If your state
cannot track duplicate ballot transmissions or returns, note that information in the survey
comments.
When responding to questions in Section C, do not include any individuals who voted using any
form of in-person voting, including in-person absentee voting. For the purpose of the EAVS, inperson absentee voters are considered early voters. In addition, do not include any individuals
who voted using a UOCAVA absentee ballot or FWAB. Information on these voters is reported in
Section B.
Answer All Questions
Please provide an answer to all of the items in Section C.
•

If the question is not applicable to your state or jurisdiction, enter “Does not apply” (or
“-88”) as your response.
o

•

Example: If your state does not have permanent mail voters, then enter “Does not
apply” (or “-88”) as the response to question C2a.

If the question is applicable to your state but your jurisdiction does not have the data
necessary to answer the question, enter “Data not available” (or “-99”) as your response.
o

Example: If your state rejects mail ballots for not having a witness signature but
does not track data on the number of mail ballots that were rejected for that
reason, then enter “Data not available” (or “-99”) as your response to question
C9d.

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Transmitted Mail Ballots: Questions C1–C2
Transmitted mail ballots are mail ballots that your office sent to voters, including ballots sent to
voters via postal mail, email, fax, or other modes. Do not include ballots mailed to UOCAVA voters.
C1. Total Mail Ballots Transmitted
For question C1, report the total number of mail ballots transmitted to voters for the November 2024
general election. Include all mail ballots transmitted for this election, including duplicate
transmissions. Next, divide the total number of mail ballots transmitted to voters (as reported in C1a)
into the categories listed in C1b through C1f. Use C1g–C1i for any mail ballots that do not fit into the
categories listed. The numbers entered in C1b through C1i should sum to the total provided in C1a.
Category of Mail Ballots

Total

C1a. TOTAL mail ballots transmitted:
This number should include all mail ballots transmitted for the 2024
general election, including spoiled or replaced ballots or duplicate
transmissions. Do not include individuals who cast UOCAVA absentee
ballots or individuals who used any form of in-person voting.
C1b. Returned by voters:
Include ballots both counted and rejected and mail ballots that went
through the curing process (if applicable in your state).
C1c. Returned as undeliverable:
Report the total number of transmitted ballots returned to your office as
undeliverable.
C1d. Surrendered, spoiled, or replaced ballots (also referred to as
“voided” ballots):
Include mail ballots that voters surrendered at a polling place in order to
vote in person, mail ballots that were incorrectly marked or impaired in
some way, and mail ballots that were replaced with another ballot.
C1e. Mail voters who voted in person with a provisional ballot:
Include mail ballots from voters who attempted to vote in person but did
not have their mail ballot to surrender at the polls and who were given a
provisional ballot.
If your state cannot distinguish these ballots from spoiled mail ballots in
C1d, please note this in the C1 Comments box.
C1f. Unreturned mail ballots (neither returned undeliverable, nor returned
from the voter, nor replaced by another ballot):
Report the number of transmitted mail ballots that were not returned by
voters or were not spoiled, returned undeliverable, or surrendered so the
voter could vote in person.

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Category of Mail Ballots

Total

C1g. Other:
C1h. Other:
C1i. Other:
C1 Comments:

C2. Ballots Sent to Permanent Mail Voters
For question C2a, report the total number of ballots that were transmitted to permanent mail voters
in your jurisdiction.
For purposes of this question, permanent mail voters are defined as voters who have applied to be
automatically sent a mail ballot for all elections. This should not include ballots transmitted by
jurisdictions that conduct elections entirely by mail.
This question applies if any voters in your jurisdiction can request to be a permanent mail voter.
For example, in some states, if a voter is permanently ill or disabled, they can file an application
indicating permanent illness or physical disability and receive a mail ballot for all subsequent
elections without filing any additional mail ballot applications. In other states, any voter can apply
for permanent mail voter status.
If your state does not allow any voters to have permanent mail voting status, answer “Does not
apply” (or “-88”) to question C2a and move to question C3.
Permanent Mail Voters

Total

C2a. TOTAL number of mail ballots transmitted to voters on a permanent
mail ballot voter registration list
C2 Comments:

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Mail Ballots Returned by Voters: Questions C3–C9
C3–C5. Mail Ballot Drop Boxes
For question C3a, report the total number of drop boxes your jurisdiction used for the 2024 general
election. In this question, each drop box should only be counted once.
For purposes of the EAVS, a drop box is a locked container (located either indoors or outdoors)
where voters (or voters’ authorized representatives, if allowed by your state’s law) may deliver
their voted mail ballots for collection. Drop boxes are staffed or unstaffed and are operated or
controlled by election officials. Drop boxes are separate from ballot boxes that are located at inperson polling places for voters to place their ballots immediately after voting in person.
Early voting refers to voting that occurs before Election Day wherein voters complete ballots in
person at an election office or other designated polling site under the supervision of election
workers.
In questions C4 and C5, report the number of drop boxes used during Election Day (C4) and during
early voting (C5). If a drop box was used for both early voting and Election Day, it should be reported
in both C4 and C5. Because of this, the sum of C4a and C5a may not equal what you reported in
C3a.
The total number of drop boxes used for each voting period should be reported in C4a and C5a, and
in questions C4b–C4c and C5b–C5c, separate the totals reported in C4a and C5a into two
categories:
•
•

Drop boxes located at election offices
Drop boxes located at non-election office sites

The total of C4b and C4c should sum to the number reported in C4a, and the total of C5b and C5c
should sum to the number reported in C5a.
Mail Ballot Drop Boxes

Total

C3a. TOTAL number of drop boxes used for the 2024 general election:
Each drop box should be counted only once in this question, regardless of
the number of voting days it was used for.
C3 Comments:

Category of Drop Box

C4. Election Day
voting

C5. Early voting

a. TOTAL drop boxes used during the specified
voting period
b. Drop boxes located at election offices
c. Drop boxes located at non-election office sites
C4–C5 Comments:

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C6. Total Number of Mail Ballots Returned via Drop Boxes
For question C6a, report the total number of mail ballots that voters returned via drop boxes. Include
mail ballots both counted and rejected.
Mail Ballots Returned via Drop Boxes

Total

C6a. TOTAL number of mail ballots returned via drop boxes
C6 Comments:

C7. Mail Ballot Curing
For question C7a, report the total number of mail ballots that entered the cure process in your
jurisdiction for the 2024 general election, meaning the mail ballot could not be counted because its
envelope had an error or the voter’s returned ballot was missing required information and the voter
who cast the ballot was invited to correct the error. Common reasons why a mail ballot may go
through the cure process include the voter’s signature on the mail ballot envelope was missing or did
not match the signature on record, the mail ballot envelope was missing a witness signature (if
required in your state), or the voter was required to include an affidavit or a copy of their
identification but did not do so.
Then, in C7b report the number of ballots from C7a that were successfully cured, meaning that the
voter supplied the missing information or corrected the error and the ballot was ultimately counted
for the 2024 election. Then, in C7c report the number of ballots from C7a that entered the cure
process but were not successfully cured by the voter and were ultimately rejected and not included
in the vote totals for the 2024 general election. The numbers in C7b and C7c should sum to what is
reported in C7a.
If your state does not allow voters to cure errors or missing information on their mail ballots, report
“Does not apply” (or “-88”) in C7a–C7c. If your state allows for mail ballot curing but does not track
data on the number of mail ballots that underwent this process, report “Data not available” (or “-99”)
in C7a–C7c.
Mail Ballot Curing

Total

C7a. TOTAL number of mail ballots that entered the cure process:
Total number of mail ballots that were initially rejected for errors or
missing information and the voter was invited to correct the error or supply
the required information.
C7b. Total number of mail ballots that were successfully cured
C7c. Total number of mail ballots that entered the curing process but were
not successfully cured by the voter
C7 Comments:

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C8. Total Number of Mail Ballots Returned and Counted
For question C8a, report the total number of mail ballots returned by voters and counted.
Mail Ballots Returned and Counted

Total

C8a. TOTAL number of mail ballots returned and counted:
Mail ballots that were returned by voters, processed, counted, and
included in the canvas of election results.
C8 Comments:

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C9. Number of Mail Ballots Rejected by Reason They Were Rejected
For question C9a, provide the total number of mail ballots that were returned by voters and were
rejected. Then, in questions C9b–C9q, divide the total as reported in C9a into the categories
indicating the reason the mail ballots were rejected. Use options C9r–C9t for any ballots that cannot
be placed in the categories given in C9b through C9q. The numbers reported in C9b through C9t
should sum to the total number of ballots rejected in C9a.
Category of Mail Ballots

Total

C9a. TOTAL number of mail ballots rejected
C9b. Ballot was not received on time/missed the deadline.
C9c. Ballot did not have a voter signature.
C9d. Ballot did not have a witness signature.
C9e. Ballot had a non-matching or incomplete signature.
C9f. Ballot was returned in an unofficial envelope.
C9g. Ballot was missing from the envelope.
C9h. Ballot was not placed in a required secrecy envelope.
C9i. Multiple ballots were returned in one envelope.
C9j. Envelope was not sealed.
C9k. Returned ballot did not have required postmark.
C9l. No resident address was on the envelope.
C9m. Voter was deceased.
C9n. Voter already cast another ballot that was accepted (by mail or in
person).
C9o. Voter did not provide the required documentation (e.g., identification,
affidavit, statement) or documentation was incomplete.
C9p. Voter was not eligible to cast a ballot in the jurisdiction.
C9q. No ballot application on record
C9r. Other:
C9s. Other:
C9t. Other:
C9 Comments:

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Section D: In-Person Polling Operations
The goal of Section D is to understand in-person polling operations in your jurisdiction.
This section of the EAVS asks for three types of data:
1. How many precincts did you have in your jurisdiction for the 2024 general election?
2. How many polling places—in total and for Election Day voting and in-person early voting—did
your jurisdiction have for the 2024 general election?
3. How many poll workers—for Election Day voting and in-person early voting—did your
jurisdiction have for the 2024 general election? What were the ages of those poll workers
and how easy or difficult was it to recruit poll workers?
Answer All Questions
Please provide an answer to all of the items in Section D.
•

If the question is not applicable to your state or jurisdiction, enter “Does not apply” (or
“-88”) as your response.
o

•

Example: If all early voting sites in your state must be located at an election office,
then enter “Does not apply” (or “-88”) as your response to D4b.

If the question is applicable to your state but your jurisdiction does not have the data
necessary to answer the question, enter “Data not available” (or “-99”) as your response.
o

Example: If your state or jurisdiction does not track data on the ages of poll
workers, then enter “Data not available” (or “-99”) as your response to D7b–D7g.

Precincts and Polling Places: Questions D1–D4
This section asks about polling places and precincts. First, report the number of precincts, and
second, report the number of physical polling places.
D1. Total Number of Precincts
For question D1a, report the total number of precincts in your jurisdiction for the November 2024
general election. For this question, a precinct is defined as the geographic area to which voters are
assigned. It is an administrative division of a county or municipality to which voters have been
assigned according to their residence address for voting in an election. Your jurisdiction might use
the terms “ward” or “voting district” to describe a voting precinct.
Precincts in Jurisdiction

Total

D1a. TOTAL number of precincts in your jurisdiction for the November
2024 general election
D1 Comments:

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D2–D4. Number of Physical Polling Places (Election Day and Early Voting)
For question D2a, report the total number of physical polling places your jurisdiction used for the
2024 general election. In this question, each polling place should only be counted once.
Remember that in-person absentee voting is considered early voting for the purposes of the
EAVS.
Early voting refers to voting that occurs before Election Day wherein voters complete ballots in
person at an election office or other designated polling site under the supervision of election
workers.
Next, in questions D3 and D4, report the total number of physical polling places in your jurisdiction
for Election Day voting (D3) and for early voting (D4) for the November 2024 general election. If a
polling place was used during both early voting and Election Day voting, it should be reported in both
D3 and D4. Because of this, the sum of D3a and D4a may not equal what you reported in D2a.
For questions D3b–D3c and D4b–D4c, separate the number of Election Day polling locations and
early voting polling places, respectively, into two categories:
•
•

Physical polling places that are not a part of the election office (D3b and D4b)
Polling places that are a part of the election office (D3c and D4c)

If your jurisdiction has two precincts in one location, such as a school gym, this is only one polling
place (even if they are far apart in the gym). However, if your jurisdiction has a polling place at a
school in the library and then has another polling place at the same school but in the gym, they
should be considered two polling places. If your jurisdiction allows any individuals to cast a ballot in
person at the local election office (such as through in-person absentee voting), please include these
election offices in D3c and D4c.
Total Polling Places

Total

D2a. TOTAL number of physical polling places used for the 2024 general
election:
Each polling place should be counted only once in this question,
regardless of the number of voting days it was used for.
D2 Comments:

Category of Polling Place

D3. Election Day
voting

D4. Early voting

a. TOTAL
b. Physical polling places other than election offices
(e.g., libraries, schools, mobile voting location)
c. Election offices
D3–D4 Comments:

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Poll Workers: Questions D5–D9
The EAVS asks about the poll workers who served in the 2024 general election. Your jurisdiction may
use a different term for poll workers, such as election judges, booth workers, wardens,
commissioners, or other similar terms.
For the EAVS, “poll worker” refers to a person who verifies the identity of voters; assists voters
with signing the register, affidavits, or other documents required to cast a ballot; assists voters by
providing them with a ballot or setting up the voting machine for the voters; and serves other
functions as dictated by state law.
The count of poll workers should not include observers stationed at the polling places, regular
office staff who did not serve poll worker functions during the election, or temporary election staff
not hired specifically to serve voters in either early or Election Day voting. If regular election office
staff served as poll workers, they should be counted in these questions.

D5–D6. Election Day and Early Voting Poll Workers
For questions D5 and D6, report the total number of poll workers who served in your jurisdiction for
Election Day voting and early voting for the November 2024 general election. For question D5, report
the total number of poll workers who worked Election Day voting. For question D6, report the total
number of poll workers who worked in-person early voting (counting each poll worker only once,
regardless of the number of shifts they worked). If a poll worker worked as a poll worker for Election
Day voting and as a poll worker during early voting, the poll worker should be counted both under the
category of Election Day poll worker and the category of early voting poll worker.
Number of Poll Workers

D5. Election Day
voting

D6. Early voting

a. TOTAL number of poll workers
D5–D6 Comments:

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D7. Total Number of Poll Workers and Ages of the Poll Workers
In question D7a, report the total number of poll workers who assisted your jurisdiction with voting for
the November 2024 general election. Each poll worker should be counted only once, regardless of
the number of shifts they worked. If a poll worker assisted with both early voting and Election Day
voting, they should be counted only once. Because of this, the sum of D5a and D6a may not equal
what you report in D7a
If your jurisdiction has data on the ages of its poll workers (e.g., from voter registration records,
payroll records, or poll worker applications), report the total number of poll workers in each age
category in questions D7b–D7g. If your jurisdiction does not track data on any or all age categories,
enter “Data not available” (or “-99”) as your response to those questions. However, please still
provide a response in D7a for the total number of poll workers.
Age of Poll Workers

Total

D7a. TOTAL number of poll workers:
Each poll worker should be counted only once in this question, regardless
of the number of shifts they worked.
D7b. Under 18 years old
D7c. 18 to 25
D7d. 26 to 40
D7e. 41 to 60
D7f. 61 to 70
D7g. 71 years old and over
D7 Comments:

D8. Ease of Recruiting Poll Workers
How difficult or easy was it for your jurisdiction to obtain a sufficient number of poll workers for the
November 2024 general election? Please select one option. In addition, use the D8 Comments box
to provide further information about your experience recruiting poll workers for this election.
o
o
o
o
o
o

Very difficult
Somewhat difficult
Neither difficult nor easy
Somewhat easy
Very easy
Not enough information to answer

D8 Comments:

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D9. Number of New Poll Workers
How many poll workers in your jurisdiction served for the first time in the November 2024 general
election?
New Poll Workers

Total

D9a. TOTAL number of poll workers who served for the first time in the
2024 general election:
Each poll worker should be counted only once in this question, regardless
of the number of shifts they worked.
D9 Comments:

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Section E: Provisional Voting
The goal of Section E is to understand provisional voting in your jurisdiction. This section of the EAVS
asks for three types of data:
1. How many individuals cast a provisional ballot in the 2024 general election, and how many
of those ballots were counted and rejected?
2. What were the reasons the provisional ballots were cast?
3. What were the reasons the provisional ballots were rejected?
Two definitions will be helpful as you answer the questions in Section E:
Provisional voter: An individual who declares they are a registered voter in the jurisdiction where they
desire to vote and is eligible to vote in an election for federal office, but (1) the voter’s name does
not appear on the official list of eligible voters for the polling place, or (2) an election official asserts
that the individual is not eligible to vote.
Provisional ballot: A ballot used to record a vote when there is some question regarding the eligibility
of the voter. Once voted, provisional ballots are kept separate from other ballots and are not
tabulated until the eligibility of the voter is confirmed.
Answer All Questions
Please provide an answer to all of the items in Section E.
•

If the question is not applicable to your state or jurisdiction, enter “Does not apply” (or
“-88”) as your response.
o

•

Example: If your state is NVRA-exempt and does not offer provisional ballots, then
enter “Does not apply” (or “-88”) as your response to all questions in Section E.

If the question is applicable to your state but your jurisdiction does not have the data
necessary to answer the question, enter “Data not available” (or “-99”) as your response.
o

Example: If your state or jurisdiction does not track data on the reasons why
provisional ballots were rejected, then enter “Data not available” (or “-99”) as your
response to E3b–E3m.

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Provisional Ballots Cast: Questions E1–E2
E1. Total Provisional Ballots Submitted and Their Adjudication
For question E1a, report the total number of voters who submitted provisional ballots in the
November 2024 general election. Next, for questions E1b–E1e, divide the total number of voters
who submitted provisional ballots (as reported in E1a) into the listed categories.
Provisional Ballot Outcomes

Total

E1a. TOTAL number of voters who submitted provisional ballots:
The number of voters who submitted provisional ballots, regardless of
whether or not the provisional ballot was ultimately counted in part or full.
E1b. Provisional ballots that were counted in full
E1c. Provisional ballots that were counted in part (e.g., only the items on
the ballot for which the voter would have been eligible had they voted in
the correct precinct)
E1d. Provisional ballots that were rejected
E1e. Other:
E1 Comments:

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E2. Reasons for Casting Provisional Ballots
For question E2, report the total number of provisional ballots cast (as reported in E1a) according to
the reason they were cast. The total of E2a through E2l should sum to the number you reported in
E1a. Use items E2j through E2l to report provisional ballots that cannot be placed in any of the
categories given in E2a through E2i.
Reason Provisional Ballot Was Cast

Total

E2a. Voter did not appear on the list of eligible voters.
E2b. Voter did not have proper identification (as defined by state law).
E2c. Election official asserted that the voter was not eligible to vote.
E2d. Another person (not an election official) challenged the voter’s
qualifications and poll workers were not able to resolve the challenge.
E2e. Voter was not a resident of the precinct in which they were attempting
to vote.
E2f. Voter’s registration was not updated with their current name or address.
E2g. Voter was issued a mail ballot but did not surrender the ballot to poll
workers when they came to vote in person.
E2h. A federal or state judge extended the polling place hours for the
election.
E2i. Voter registered to vote on the same day they cast a ballot in person.
E2j. Other:
E2k. Other:
E2l. Other:
E2 Comments:

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Provisional Ballots Rejected: Question E3
E3. Reasons for Provisional Ballot Rejections
For question E3a, report the total number of provisional ballots that were rejected (as reported in
E1d). For questions E3b–E3m, divide the total number of provisional ballots that were rejected into
the listed categories according to the reason the provisional ballots were rejected. The amounts
should sum to the total provided in E3a.
If a provisional ballot was rejected for multiple reasons, please use the primary reason the
provisional ballot was rejected, if possible, so that reasons for rejection (E3b through E3m) equal
E3a. If provisional ballots were classified into more than one reason for rejection, please indicate the
number of ballots that were classified into multiple categories in the E3 Comments box. Use items
E3k through E3m for rejected provisional ballots that cannot be placed in any of the categories
provided in E3b through E3j.
Reason for Provisional Ballot Rejection

Total

E3a. TOTAL number of provisional ballots that were rejected
E3b. Voter was not registered in the state.
E3c. Voter was registered in the state but attempted to vote in the wrong
jurisdiction.
E3d. Voter was registered in the state but attempted to vote in the wrong
precinct.
E3e. Voter failed to provide sufficient identification.
E3f. Envelope and/or ballot was incomplete and/or illegible.
E3g. Ballot was missing from the envelope.
E3h. Ballot did not have a signature.
E3i. Ballot had a non-matching signature.
E3j. Voter already voted.
E3k. Other:
E3l. Other:
E3m. Other:
E3 Comments:

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Section F: Voter Participation and Election Technologies
The goal of Section F is to understand how the voters in your jurisdiction participated in the 2024
general election and what election technologies were used to mark and tabulate ballots.
Answer All Questions
Please provide an answer to all of the items in Section F.
•

If the question is not applicable to your state or jurisdiction, enter “Does not apply” (or
“-88”) as your response.
o

•

Example: If your state is NVRA-exempt and does not offer provisional ballots, enter
“Does not apply” (or “-88”) as your response to question F1e.

If the question is applicable to your state but your jurisdiction does not have the data
necessary to answer the question, enter “Data not available” (or “-99”) as your response.
o

Example: If your state uses ballot marking devices but does not track data on the
number of these machines that were deployed, enter “Data not available” (or
“-99”) as your response to F5c.

Participation in the 2024 General Election: Questions F1–F2
Questions F1 and F2 ask about the total number of voters who cast a ballot that was counted in the
2024 general election and the source of the reported participation data. Your responses to these
questions should include all voters whose ballots were counted, regardless of vote mode, in the
election. Include all voters (e.g., both civilian and military voters) and all types of ballots (e.g., in
person, mail, provisional).
Remember that in-person absentee voting is considered early voting for the purposes of the
EAVS. All individuals who cast their ballots through early voting (as defined by your state in Q33 of
the 2024 Policy Survey) should be reported in F1f.

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F1. Total Participation in the 2024 General Election
For question F1, please provide the total number of voters who cast a ballot that was counted in the
2024 general election by mode of voting. Although other items in the survey have reported some of
this data, only voters whose ballots were counted should be reported in this set of questions.
Type of Participants

Total

F1a. TOTAL number of voters who cast a ballot that was counted:
All voters who voted in the 2024 general election, including all categories of
voters listed below.
F1b. Voters who cast a ballot at a physical polling place on Election Day and
whose ballot was counted:
All voters who cast a ballot in person on Election Day, not including provisional
ballots or mail ballots dropped off at the polls.
F1c. UOCAVA voters who cast a ballot via absentee ballot or FWAB and whose
ballot was counted:
All voters who are covered by the Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee
Voting Act (UOCAVA) and who used either a transmitted absentee ballot or a
Federal Write-In Absentee Ballot (FWAB).
F1d. Voters who cast a mail ballot and whose ballot was counted:
All voters who voted using a mail ballot. This should not include voters whose
jurisdictions conduct elections by mail (i.e., automatically sends mail ballots to
every registered voter or every active registered voter); those voters are
reported in F1g. States and jurisdictions that conducted this election entirely
by mail should report 0 in F1d.
F1e. Voters who cast a provisional ballot and whose ballot was counted:
All voters who cast a provisional ballot that was counted, either partially or in
full.
F1f. Voters who cast a ballot at an in-person early voting location and whose
ballot was counted:
All voters who participated in the 2024 general election in person before
Election Day. This includes in-person early voting or in-person absentee voting.
F1g. Voters who cast a mail ballot in a jurisdiction that conducts elections by
mail and whose ballot was counted:
All voters who cast ballots in a jurisdiction that automatically sends mail ballots
to every registered voter or every active registered voter. This should not
include voters who used a mail ballot in jurisdictions that do not conduct
elections by mail; those voters are reported in F1d. States and jurisdictions
that did not conduct this election entirely by mail should report “Does not
apply” (or “-88”) in F1g.
F1h. Other:
F1 Comments:

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F2. Source of Data for Total Participation in the 2024 General Election
For question F2, indicate the source(s) used to compile the data for the total number of participants
in the 2024 general election in question F1. (Select all that apply.)
□ Poll books and number of mail and/or provisional participants: Number of voters checked off
by poll workers or who signed poll books at physical polling places plus the number of
UOCAVA and other mail or early voters.
□ Number of ballots counted: Participation is based on the number of ballots counted at
precincts and/or at a central location (including UOCAVA and other mail or early voting
ballots).
□ Vote history: Participation is based on the number of voters generated after the “vote history”
has been added.
□ Votes cast: Participation is based on the number of votes cast for the highest office on the
ballot.
□ Other (please specify): ___________________________________________________________
F2 Comments:

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Election Technologies: Questions F3–F10
There are a variety of technologies and resources that assist voters in casting their ballots and with
checking in voters at in-person voting sites. The EAVS asks jurisdictions to report information about
the voting equipment used to mark and/or tabulate ballots, about the use of electronic poll books (epoll books) and paper poll books to assist with checking voters in at polling places, and about voter
registration systems to automate the process of voter registration and secure voter information.
Providing the best data will give the EAC the most complete picture possible of the technology that
supported the 2024 general election.
F3–F8. Election Equipment Used
For questions F3–F8, report the number and type of equipment used for each aspect of the election
process in the November 2024 general election. Report the following information:
•

•

•

•

Equipment type—please note whether your jurisdiction uses:
o Direct-recording electronic (DRE) equipment, not equipped with a voter-verified paper
audit trail (VVPAT)
o Direct-recording electronic (DRE) equipment, equipped with a voter-verified paper
audit trail (VVPAT)
o Electronic system that produces a paper record but does not tabulate votes (often
referred to as a “ballot marking device”)
o Scanner (optical or digital) that tabulates paper records that voters mark by hand or
via a ballot marking device
o Hand-counted paper ballots (not an optical or digital scan system)
o E-poll book—a type of hardware, software, or a combination of both—that is used in
place of a traditional paper poll book that lists all registered voters. These are not
voting machines and are not used in the process of voting.
Make and model of the voting equipment used (e.g., the ES&S ExpressVote® or the
Dominion ImageCast® Evolution [ICE]). There is space provided to list up to three makes and
models for each equipment type.
The number of these machines that were deployed to assist with voting during the November
2024 general election. Machines that were not deployed in a polling location or used to
tabulate ballots should not be included in these questions.
Type(s) of voting this equipment or counting method supported—for each of the following
types of voting, indicate whether the equipment type was used to support it (meaning that
voters used the equipment to mark their ballots or election workers used the equipment or
counting method to tabulate ballots):
o In-precinct Election Day regular ballot marking and/or counting
o In-precinct accessible voting for voters with disabilities
o Provisional ballot marking and/or counting
o In-person early voting ballot marking and/or counting (includes any voting that occurs
before Election Day wherein voters complete ballots in person at an election office or
other designated polling site under the supervision of election workers)
o Mail ballot counting

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In the F3–F8 Comments box, provide any comments about the nuances of your jurisdiction’s use of
its voting equipment, or record information about additional voting equipment that was used.

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Election
Equipment Type

F3. DRE
machines
without VVPAT

F4. DRE
machines with
VVPAT

F5. Ballot
marking
devices

a. In use in your
jurisdiction

o
o

o
o

o
o

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b. Make/Model

c. Number
deployed

d. Type(s) of voting this
equipment/counting method
supported (Select all that apply.)

Yes
No

□ In-precinct Election Day regular
ballot marking and/or counting
(used by all voters)
□ In-precinct accessible voting
primarily for voters with disabilities
□ Provisional ballot marking and/or
counting
□ In-person early voting ballot
marking and/or counting

Yes
No

□ In-precinct Election Day regular
ballot marking and/or counting
(used by all voters)
□ In-precinct accessible voting
primarily for voters with disabilities
□ Provisional ballot marking and/or
counting
□ In-person early voting ballot
marking and/or counting

Yes
No

□ In-precinct Election Day regular
ballot marking and/or counting
(used by all voters)
□ In-precinct accessible voting
primarily for voters with disabilities
□ Provisional ballot marking and/or
counting
□ In-person early voting ballot
marking and/or counting
□ Mail ballot counting

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Election
Equipment Type

F6. Scanners

a. In use in your
jurisdiction

o
o

d. Type(s) of voting this
equipment/counting method
supported (Select all that apply.)

Yes
No

□ In-precinct Election Day regular
ballot marking and/or counting
(used by all voters)
□ In-precinct accessible voting
primarily for voters with disabilities
□ Provisional ballot marking and/or
counting
□ In-person early voting ballot
marking and/or counting
□ Mail ballot counting
□ In-precinct Election Day regular
ballot marking and/or counting
(used by all voters)
□ In-precinct accessible voting
primarily for voters with disabilities
□ Provisional ballot marking and/or
counting
□ In-person early voting ballot
marking and/or counting
□ Mail ballot counting

F7. No
equipment
(hand count)

o
o

Yes
No

F8. E-poll books

o
o

Yes
No

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b. Make/Model

c. Number
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Election
Equipment Type

a. In use in your
jurisdiction

c. Number
deployed

b. Make/Model

d. Type(s) of voting this
equipment/counting method
supported (Select all that apply.)

F3–F8 Comments:

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F9–F10. Use of Electronic and Paper Poll Books
For questions F9 and F10, indicate whether your jurisdiction used e-poll books/electronic lists of
voters or traditional printed, paper poll books in polling places in the November 2024 general
election for the listed activities. Completely vote-by-mail jurisdictions that have no in-person voting
options should answer “No” to all items.
For items a–e below, indicate whether your jurisdiction used e-poll books or traditional paper poll
books at polling places for the following functions in the November 2024 general election. Item f only
applies to e-poll books. Item g may be used if e-poll books or paper poll books are used for another
purpose that is not listed in items a–f; otherwise, respond “No.”

Use of Poll Books

F9. Electronic poll books
(e-poll books)

F10. Paper poll books

a. Sign voters in

o
o

Yes
No

o
o

Yes
No

b. Update voter history

o
o

Yes
No

o
o

Yes
No

c. Look up polling places

o
o

Yes
No

o
o

Yes
No

d. Assist with same-day
registration

o
o

Yes
No

o
o

Yes
No

e. Check voter’s mail ballot
status

o
o

Yes
No

o
o

Yes
No

f. Encode BMD cards during
early voting

o
o

Yes
No

g. Other:

o
o

Yes
No

o
o

Yes
No

F9–F10 Comments:

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Voter Registration Systems: Question F11
Voter registration systems (VRS) are a combination of hardware, software, or firmware and materials
and documentation used to streamline the process of voter registration and to secure voter
information in a county, state, or election jurisdiction by election administrators. Voter registration
systems are connected to a private network, administered through state or local jurisdictions, and
hold the capability of administrative functions to aid in the voting process on Election Day. In some
jurisdictions, VRSs may be interoperable with e-poll books, election night reporting systems, and/or
election management systems. Voter registration systems are designed by either private sector
manufacturers or in-house jurisdictions and are managed by manufacturers and jurisdictions based
on high-level standards of cybersecurity and data infrastructure maintenance.
Question F11 collects data on the VRSs used by your jurisdiction to assist with administering the
November 2024 general election.
F11. Use of Voter Registration Systems
For F11a, provide the number of VRSs deployed at voting sites (such as polling places or vote
centers) to assist with the November 2024 general election. If this number is not known, report
“Data not available” (or “-99”) in F11a.
In F11b, provide information on up to three makes, models, and versions of VRSs deployed (as
reported in F11a). If this information is not known, report “Data not available” (or “-99”) in F11b.
a. Number of VRSs deployed off
site to assist with voting for the
November 2024 general election

b. Make, model, and version (if known) of VRS used

(Note: VRSs that were not deployed
in a polling location should not be
included.)

________ (enter a number; if 0,
proceed to question F12)

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Location of Vote Tally: Question F12
F12. Location Where Votes Were Tallied
For each of the following uses of your jurisdiction’s voting equipment, report where the votes were
tallied for the November 2024 general election.
Location of Vote Tally for:

F12a. Ballots cast in person on Election Day

F12b. Ballots cast on accessible equipment for voters
with disabilities

F12c. Provisional ballots

F12d. Ballots cast in person before Election Day

F12e. Mail ballots

Please Select One
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

Central location
Precinct or polling location
Both central and precinct location
Does not apply
Data not available
Central location
Precinct or polling location
Both central and precinct location
Does not apply
Data not available
Central location
Precinct or polling location
Both central and precinct location
Does not apply
Data not available
Central location
Precinct or polling location
Both central and precinct location
Does not apply
Data not available
Central location
Precinct or polling location
Both central and precinct location
Does not apply
Data not available

F12 Comments:

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F13. General Comments
The EAC welcomes any general comments that the representatives of your jurisdiction may wish to
share regarding the experiences in administering the November 2024 general election, such as
problems with voting system anomalies,* recounts, staffing, challenges to eligibility, long lines, or
noteworthy successes or challenges overcome. Use as much space as you need. Please feel free to
attach additional pages as necessary.
*An anomaly is an irregular or inconsistent action or response from the voting system or system
component, resulting in some disruption to the election process. Incidents resulting from
administrator error or procedural deficiencies are not considered anomalies for purposes of this
survey question (see the EAC Voting Systems Testing and Certification Program Manual).
F13 Comments:

END OF SURVEY
THANK YOU FOR RESPONDING TO THIS SURVEY
This information collection is required for the U.S. Election Assistance Commission (EAC) to meet its
statutory requirements under the Help America Vote Act (HAVA) of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 20901), the
National Voter Registration Act (NVRA; 52 U.S.C. 20502 et seq.), and the Uniformed and Overseas
Citizens Absentee Voters Act (UOCAVA; 52 U.S.C. 20302). Respondent’s obligation to reply to this
information collection is mandatory as required under NVRA (52 U.S.C. 20502 et seq.) and UOCAVA
(52 U.S.C. 20302); respondents include the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and the U.S.
territories. This information will be made publicly available on the EAC website
(https://www.eac.gov). According to the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1994, an agency may not
conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to, a collection of information unless it
displays a valid Office of Management and Budget (OMB) control number. The valid OMB control
number for this information collection is OMB Control No. 3265-0006 (expires MM/DD/YYYY). The
annualized time required to complete this information collection is estimated to average 90 hours
per state response. This estimate includes the time for reviewing the instructions, gathering
information, and completing the form. Comments regarding this burden estimate should be sent to
the U.S. Election Assistance Commission: 2024 Election Administration and Voting Survey, 633 3rd
Street NW, Suite 200, Washington, DC 20001.

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