Catfish Production - Release - 02-10-2023

Catfish Production
ISSN: 1948-271X

Released February 10, 2023, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United Sta tes Department
of Agriculture (USDA).

Catfish Value of Sales Up 5 Percent from 2021
Catfish growers in the United States had sales of 447 million dollars during 2022, up 5 percent from 427 million dollars
the previous year. The top four States (Mississippi, Alabama, Arkansas, and Texas) accounted for 96 percent of the
United States total sales. The United States total Foodsize sales of 422 million dollars increased 5 percent from the
previous year. Sales of Stockers totaled 10.6 million dollars in 2022, compared to 8.37 million dollars in 2021. Fingerling
and fry sales totaled 12.1 million dollars, down 11 percent from 2021.
By point of first sale, direct sales to processors accounted for 93.7 percent of total Foodsize fish sales, up 1.6 percent from
the previous year. Wholesale to other producers accounted for 79.5 percent of Stocker sales compared to 81.7 percent in
2021.
Water Surface Acres Down 4 Percent from January 1, 2022
The water surface acres being used for catfish production as of January 1, 2023, totaled 55,855 acres, down 4 percent
from the 58,300 acres used a year earlier. Of the total acres, 2,385 are to be renovated during the period of January 1 to
June 30, 2023. An additional 135 acres are under construction or expected to be constructed and in use by July 1, 2023.
During the period of July 1 through December 31, 2022, the area taken out of production totaled 1,715 acres. As of
January 1, 2023, Foodsize fish were produced on 45,435 acres, Fingerling producing acres totaled 7,510, and 2,230 acres
were being used for Broodfish production.
Inventory
Catfish producers had 890 thousand Broodfish on hand January 1, 2023, up 22 percent from January 1, 2022. Large
foodsize fish on hand totaled 3.55 million on January 1, 2023, down 22 percent from a year ago. The inventory of
Medium foodsize fish was down 2 percent to 45.9 million, while Small foodsize fish inventory was down 19 percent at
86.9 million. Large stockers on hand January 1, 2023, at 118 million fish, were down 7 percent from the previous year.
Small stocker inventory was down 5 percent to 191 million. There were 281 million Fingerlings on hand January 1, 2023,
down 1 percent from January 1, 2022.

Contents
Water Surface Acres Used for Production and Total Sales – States and United States: 2021-2023 ..................................... 3
Water Surface Acre Usage – States and United States: 2021-2023 ..................................................................................... 3
Foodsize Inventory by Size Category – States and United States: January 1, 2022 and 2023 .............................................. 4
Stockers and Fingerlings Inventory by Size Category – States and United States: January 1, 2022 and 2023 ..................... 5
Broodfish Inventory by Size Category – States and United States: January 1, 2022 and 2023 ............................................ 6
Sales – States and United States: 2021 and 2022 ................................................................................................................ 7
Broodfish Sales – States and United States: 2021 and 2022 ................................................................................................ 8
Foodsize and Stockers Sold by Point of First Sale – United States: 2021 and 2022 ............................................................ 9
Terms and Definitions Used for Catfish Production Estimates ........................................................................................... 9
Terms and Definitions Used to Describe Point of First Sale ..............................................................................................10
Statistical Methodology .....................................................................................................................................................10
Information Contacts .........................................................................................................................................................11

2

Catfish Production (February 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Water Surface Acres Used for Production and Total Sales – States and United States: 2021-2023
Water surface acres
used for production
during January 1 - June 30

State

Total sales

2022

2023

2021

2022

(acres)

(acres)

(1,000 dollars)

(1,000 dollars)

Alabama .....................................
Arkansas ....................................
California ....................................
Mississippi ..................................
North Carolina ...........................
Texas .........................................

14,900
3,800
(D)
34,100
(D)
1,600

14,100
3,400
(D)
33,100
(D)
1,500

105,704
24,795
(D)
260,169
(D)
20,171

103,969
26,671
(D)
277,944
(D)
21,724

Other States 1 ............................

3,900

3,755

16,522

16,731

United States .............................

58,300

55,855

427,361

447,039

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
1
Other States include State estimates not shown and States suppressed due to disclosure.

Water Surface Acre Usage – States and United States: 2021-2023
Acres intended for utilization during January 1 - June 30
State

Foodsize

Fingerlings

Currently under
or scheduled for:

Broodfish

Renovation

New construction

Acres taken out
of production
during
July 1 December 31

2022

2023

2022

2023

2022

2023

2022

2023

2022

2023

2021

2022

(acres)

(acres)

(acres)

(acres)

(acres)

(acres)

(acres)

(acres)

(acres)

(acres)

(acres)

(acres)

Alabama ..............
Arkansas .............
California .............
Mississippi ...........
North Carolina ....
Texas ..................

14,600
2,500
(D)
25,800
(D)
1,500

14,000
2,200
(D)
25,400
(D)
1,500

225
870
(D)
5,700
(D)
(D)

370
870
165
5,400
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
45
1,600
5
(D)

15
(D)
55
1,800
5
(D)

580
115
(D)
1,100
(D)
115

(D)
(D)
85
1,200
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

70
(D)
(D)
-

(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

920
(D)
(D)
400
(D)
(D)

Other States 1 .....

2,460

2,335

930

705

365

355

330

1,100

270

65

1,705

395

United States ......

46,860

45,435

7,725

7,510

2,015

2,230

2,240

2,385

270

135

1,705

1,715

- Represents zero.
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
1
Other States include State estimates not shown and States suppressed due to disclosure.

Catfish Production (February 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

3

Foodsize Inventory by Size Category – States and United States: January 1, 2022 and 2023
Live weight

Fish

Size category
and State

Total

Average

2022

2023

2022

2023

2022

(1,000)

(1,000)

(1,000 pounds)

(1,000 pounds)

2023

(pounds per fish) (pounds per fish)

Large foodsize
Alabama .........................................
Arkansas ........................................
California ........................................
Mississippi ......................................
North Carolina ................................
Texas ..............................................

2,460
340
(D)
1,390
(D)
(D)

1,480
370
(D)
1,290
5
(D)

9,350
1,170
(D)
4,850
(D)
(D)

5,750
1,310
(D)
4,550
18
(D)

3.8
3.4
(D)
3.5
(D)
(D)

3.9
3.5
(D)
3.5
3.6
(D)

Other States 1 ................................

330

400

1,208

1,414

3.7

3.5

United States .................................

4,520

3,545

16,578

13,042

3.7

3.7

Medium foodsize
Alabama .........................................
Arkansas ........................................
California ........................................
Mississippi ......................................
North Carolina ................................
Texas ..............................................

15,800
3,560
(D)
21,500
(D)
4,500

13,100
3,450
(D)
23,600
(D)
4,610

31,500
6,900
(D)
38,800
(D)
8,350

26,800
6,950
(D)
42,200
(D)
8,550

2.0
1.9
(D)
1.8
(D)
1.9

2.0
2.0
(D)
1.8
(D)
1.9

Other States 1 ................................

1,215

1,115

2,343

2,392

1.9

2.1

United States .................................

46,575

45,875

87,893

86,892

1.9

1.9

Small foodsize
Alabama .........................................
Arkansas ........................................
California ........................................
Mississippi ......................................
North Carolina ................................
Texas ..............................................

31,500
5,770
500
63,900
(D)
(D)

24,500
5,250
(D)
52,400
(D)
2,620

31,500
5,600
481
63,900
(D)
(D)

24,700
5,550
(D)
53,700
(D)
2,300

1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
(D)
(D)

1.0
1.1
(D)
1.0
(D)
0.9

Other States 1 ................................

5,090

2,100

4,770

2,125

0.9

1.0

United States .................................

106,760

86,870

106,251

88,375

1.0

1.0

Total foodsize
Alabama .........................................
Arkansas ........................................
California ........................................
Mississippi ......................................
North Carolina ................................
Texas ..............................................

49,760
9,670
(D)
86,790
(D)
7,345

39,080
9,070
(D)
77,290
(D)
7,355

72,350
13,670
(D)
107,550
(D)
11,144

57,250
13,810
(D)
100,450
(D)
11,285

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)

Other States 1 ................................

4,290

3,495

6,008

5,514

(NA)

(NA)

United States .................................

157,855

136,290

210,722

188,309

(NA)

(NA)

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(NA) Not available.
1
Other States include State estimates not shown and States suppressed due to disclosure.

4

Catfish Production (February 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Stockers and Fingerlings Inventory by Size Category – States and United States:
January 1, 2022 and 2023
Live weight

Fish

Size category
and State
2022
(1,000)

Total
2023
(1,000)

2022

Average
2023

2022

2023

(1,000 pounds)

(1,000 pounds)

(pounds per
1,000 fish)

(pounds per
1,000 fish)

Large stockers
Alabama .........................................
Arkansas ........................................
California ........................................
Mississippi .....................................
North Carolina ...............................
Texas .............................................

39,700
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

46,100
(D)
(D)
52,000
(D)
(D)

14,600
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

14,300
(D)
(D)
16,800
(D)
(D)

368
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

310
(D)
(D)
323
(D)
(D)

Other States 1 ................................

86,350

19,410

37,671

7,041

436

363

United States .................................

126,050

117,510

52,271

38,141

415

325

Small stockers
Alabama .........................................
Arkansas ........................................
California ........................................
Mississippi .....................................
North Carolina ...............................
Texas .............................................

34,600
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

43,400
(D)
(D)
117,000
(D)
(D)

3,300
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

3,800
(D)
(D)
12,300
(D)
(D)

95.4
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

87.6
(D)
(D)
105.0
(D)
(D)

Other States 1 ................................

166,880

30,740

17,656

2,828

106.0

92.0

United States .................................

201,480

191,140

20,956

18,928

104.0

99.0

Total stockers
Alabama .........................................
Arkansas ........................................
California ........................................
Mississippi .....................................
North Carolina ...............................
Texas .............................................

74,300
(D)
(D)
205,400
(D)
(D)

89,500
(D)
(D)
169,000
(D)
(D)

17,900
(D)
(D)
45,700
(D)
(D)

18,100
(D)
(D)
29,100
(D)
(D)

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)

Other States 1 ................................

47,830

50,150

9,627

9,869

(NA)

(NA)

United States .................................

327,530

308,650

73,227

57,069

(NA)

(NA)

Fingerlings
Alabama .........................................
Arkansas ........................................
California ........................................
Mississippi .....................................
North Carolina ...............................
Texas .............................................

(D)
23,200
(D)
232,000
(D)
370

(D)
18,400
(D)
243,000
(D)
350

(D)
934
(D)
7,400
(D)
8

(D)
739
(D)
8,850
(D)
7

(D)
40.3
(D)
31.9
(D)
21.6

(D)
40.2
(D)
36.4
(D)
20.0

Other States 1 ................................

28,205

19,305

1,370

888

48.6

46.0

United States .................................

283,775

281,055

9,712

10,484

34.2

37.3

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(NA) Not available.
1
Other States include State estimates not shown and States suppressed due to disclosure.

Catfish Production (February 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

5

Broodfish Inventory by Size Category – States and United States: January 1, 2022 and 2023
Live weight

Fish

Size category
and State

Total

Average

2022

2023

2022

2023

2022

(1,000)

(1,000)

(1,000 pounds)

(1,000 pounds)

2023

(pounds per fish) (pounds per fish)

Broodfish
Alabama .........................................
Arkansas ........................................
California ........................................
Mississippi ......................................
North Carolina ................................
Texas ..............................................

5
(D)
(D)
630
(D)
(D)

5
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

18
(D)
(D)
3,300
(D)
(D)

18
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

3.6
(D)
(D)
5.2
(D)
(D)

3.6
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

Other States 1 ................................

95

885

459

4,730

4.8

5.3

United States .................................

730

890

3,777

4,748

5.2

5.3

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
1
Other States include State estimates not shown and States suppressed due to disclosure.

6

Catfish Production (February 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Sales – States and United States: 2021 and 2022
Live weight
Fish

Size category
and State
2021

Sales

Total

Average

2022

2021

2022

(1,000)

(1,000)

(1,000
pounds)

(1,000
pounds)

Foodsize
Alabama ...................
Arkansas ..................
California ..................
Mississippi ...............
North Carolina .........
Texas .......................

47,700
10,400
(D)
121,000
(D)
8,950

46,600
10,400
(D)
137,000
(D)
9,440

90,600
17,300
(D)
194,300
(D)
17,400

83,900
18,000
(D)
203,400
(D)
18,500

1.9
1.7
(D)
1.6
(D)
1.9

Other States 1 ..........

3,250

2,555

5,823

5,096

United States ...........

191,300

205,995

325,423

328,896

(1,000)

(1,000)

(1,000
pounds)

(1,000
pounds)

2021

Average price
per pound

Total
2022

2021

2022

2021

2022

(1,000
dollars)

(1,000
dollars)

(dollars)

(dollars)

1.8
1.7
(D)
1.5
(D)
2.0

103,284
21,798
(D)
242,875
(D)
19,836

101,519
22,860
(D)
262,386
(D)
21,460

1.14
1.26
(D)
1.25
(D)
1.14

1.21
1.27
(D)
1.29
(D)
1.16

1.8

2.0

14,602

13,350

2.51

2.62

1.7

1.6

402,395

421,575

1.24

1.28

(1,000
dollars)

(1,000
dollars)

(pounds per (pounds per
fish)
fish)

(pounds per (pounds per
1,000 fish) 1,000 fish)

(dollars)

(dollars)

Stockers
Alabama ...................
Arkansas ..................
California ..................
Mississippi ...............
North Carolina .........
Texas .......................

(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

Other States 1 ..........

50,605

59,715

5,004

5,964

99.0

100.0

8,371

10,620

1.67

1.78

United States ...........

50,605

59,715

5,004

5,964

99.0

100.0

8,371

10,620

1.67

1.78

Fingerlings and fry
Alabama ...................
Arkansas ..................
California ..................
Mississippi ...............
North Carolina .........
Texas .......................

(D)
(D)
(D)
163,000
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)
142,000
(D)
3,130

(D)
(D)
(D)
5,250
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)
4,100
(D)
105

(D)
(D)
(D)
32.2
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)
28.9
(D)
33.5

(D)
(D)
(D)
11,918
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)
9,799
(D)
100

(D)
(D)
(D)
2.27
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)
2.39
(D)
0.95

Other States 1 ..........

27,265

20,230

665

623

24.4

30.8

1,632

2,206

2.45

3.54

United States ...........

190,265

165,360

5,915

4,828

31.1

29.2

13,550

12,105

2.29

2.51

- Represents zero.
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
1
Other States include State estimates not shown and States suppressed due to disclosure.

Catfish Production (February 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

7

Broodfish Sales – States and United States: 2021 and 2022
Live weight
Fish

Size category
and State
2021
(1,000)

Total

Sales
Average

Average price
per pound

Total

2022

2021

2022

2021

2022

2021

2022

2021

2022

(1,000)

(1,000
pounds)

(1,000
pounds)

(pounds
per fish)

(pounds
per fish)

(1,000
dollars)

(1,000
dollars)

(dollars)

(dollars)

Broodfish
Alabama ....................
Arkansas ...................
California ...................
Mississippi .................
North Carolina ...........
Texas .........................

(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
55
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
239
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
4.3
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
315
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
1.32
(D)

Other States 1 ...........

1,075

965

2,424

1,960

2.3

2.0

3,045

2,424

1.26

1.24

United States ............

1,075

1,020

2,424

2,199

2.3

2.2

3,045

2,739

1.26

1.25

- Represents zero.
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
1
Other States include State estimates not shown and States suppressed due to disclosure.

8

Catfish Production (February 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Foodsize and Stockers Sold by Point of First Sale – United States: 2021 and 2022
[Point of First Sale by outlet may not add to 100 percent due to rounding]
Size category

Recreational
stocking

Processors

Live haulers
and brokers

Retail
outlets

Other
outlets

2021

2022

2021

2022

2021

2022

2021

2022

2021

2022

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

92.1

93.7

0.6

0.4

2.5

2.6

1.2

1.0

3.5

2.3

Foodsize
United States ................

Wholesale to
other producers

Recreational
stocking

Live haulers
and brokers

Government
agencies

Other
outlets

2021

2022

2021

2022

2021

2022

2021

2022

2021

2022

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

81.7

79.5

9.6

12.4

6.7

6.1

0.8

0.5

1.2

1.5

Stockers
United States ................

Terms and Definitions Used for Catfish Production Estimates
Broodfish: Fish kept for egg production, including males. Broodfish produce the fertilized eggs, which go to hatcheries.
The most desirable size is 3 to 10 pounds or 4 to 6 years of age.
Fingerlings: Fish weighing 2 to 60 pounds per 1,000 fish or 2 to 6 inches in length.
Foodsize (large): Fish weighing over 3 pounds.
Foodsize (medium): Fish weighing over one and one-half pounds to 3 pounds.
Foodsize (small): Fish weighing over three-fourths of a pound to one and one-half pounds.
Fry: Fish weighing less than 2 pounds per 1,000 fish or less than 2 inches in length.
Stockers (large): Fish weighing over 180 pounds to 750 pounds per 1,000 fish.
Stockers (small): Fish weighing over 60 pounds to 180 pounds per 1,000 fish or over 6 inches in length.

Catfish Production (February 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

9

Terms and Definitions Used to Describe Point of First Sale
Government Agencies: Sales to Federal, State, or local government agencies for the purpose of stocking public waters.
Live Hauler/Broker: Sales made to an individual or company that generally purchases live fish from a producer and
transports them in an oxygenated tank truck to other outlets.
Other Outlets: Sales to outlets not meeting one of the other defined outlets.
Point of First Sale Outlet: The first point at which money changes hands.
Processors: Sales made directly to a plant for processing.
Recreational Stocking: Only includes fish sold to individuals or private entities for the sole purpose of stocking
recreational waters.
Retail Outlets: Fish sold directly to entities who buy fish to re-sell to consumers. Includes grocers, restaurants, and fish
markets.
Wholesale to Other Producers: Fish sold to other producers for the intention of growing out for further sale at a later
time.

Statistical Methodology
Survey Procedures: Data for catfish production are collected from all known producers in the six published states and a
sample of producers from the remaining states. NASS Regional Field Offices maintain a list of all known catfish
producers and use known sources of producers to update their lists. Operators are mailed a questionnaire as close as
possible to January 1 and given adequate time to respond by mail. Those that do not respond by mail are telephoned or
possibly enumerated in person during the middle of January.
Estimation Procedures: Sound statistical methodology is employed to derive the estimates from reported data. All data
are analyzed for unusual values. Data from each operation are compared to their own past operating profile and to trends
from similar operations. Data for missing operations were estimated based on similar operations or historical data. NASS
Regional Field Offices prepare these estimates by using a combination of survey indications and historic trends.
Individual State estimates are reviewed by the Agricultural Statistics Board for reasonableness.
Revision policy: Estimates for the previous year are subject to revision when current estimates are made. Revisions are
the result of late or corrected data.
Reliability: In the six published states, catfish production estimates are based on a census of all known active producers
and therefore, have no sampling variability. However, since all operations in the other states category are not included in
the sample, survey estimates are subject to sampling variability. Survey results are also subject to errors such as
omissions, duplication, and mistakes in reporting, recording, and processing the data. While these errors cannot be
measured directly, they are minimized through strict quality controls in the data collection process and a careful review of
all reported data for consistency and reasonableness.

10

Catfish Production (February 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Information Contacts
Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Livestock Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to
contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to [email protected]
Travis Averill, Chief, Livestock Branch ...................................................................................................... (202) 692-0069
Jean Porter, Head, Poultry and Specialty Commodities Section ................................................................... (202) 690-3223
Holly Brenize – Poultry Slaughter ......................................................................................................... (202) 720-0585
Liana Cuffman – Catfish and Trout, Mink, Census of Aquaculture ....................................................... (202) 720-8784
Fatema Haque – Turkey Hatchery, Turkeys Raised ............................................................................... (202) 720-3244
Derron Martin – Chicken Hatchery, Egg Products ................................................................................. (202) 690-3237
Seth Riggins – Honey, Honey Bee Colonies ......................................................................................... (202) 690-4870
Shulonda Shaw – Cold Storage, Capacity of Refrigerated Warehouses ................................................. (202) 720-3240
Autumn Stone – Layers, Eggs ............................................................................................................... (202) 690-3676
Takiyah Walker – Broiler Hatchery ....................................................................................................... (202) 720-6147

Access to NASS Reports
For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways:
➢ All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov.
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box to create an account and select the reports you would like to receive.
➢ Cornell’s Mann Library has launched a new website housing NASS’s and other agency’s archived reports. The
new website, https://usda.library.cornell.edu. All email subscriptions containing reports will be sent from the new
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For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540,
7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail: [email protected].
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