Public Perceptions of Resilience, Climate Adaptation, Sustainability, and Equity (RASE) as Planning Concepts and Goals

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Consent
OMB Control Number 0693-0089
Expiration Date 9/30/2024
This collection of information contains Paperwork Reduction
Act (PRA) requirements approved by the Office of
Management and Budget (OMB). Notwithstanding any
other provisions of the law, no person is required to
respond to, nor shall any person be subject to a penalty for
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collection of information, including suggestions for reducing
this burden, to the National Institute of Standards and
Technology, Attn: Emily Walpole, NIST, 100 Bureau Drive, MS
8603, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1710, telephone 301-9752617, or via email to [email protected]. OMB Control
#0693-0089; Expiration date: 9/30/2024.

Information about this research study:

 • Purpose and activity: We are conducting this research to
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understand what the public thinks about community
planning activities and plans. In the following sections you
will be asked for your opinions on community planning
activities and related topics. Participation in the research is
completely voluntary and refusal to participate or to
withdraw will result in no penalty or loss of benefits.
 • Duration: We anticipate that your participation in this
research study will take about 20 minutes.
 • Compensation: You will be compensated for your time in
the amount specified in the inviting message or email that
linked you to this survey
 • Risks: No significant risks are expected to result from
participation in this study.
 • Privacy and Confidentiality: Responses will be kept
confidential and we will not ask for any personally
identifying information (e.g. name or address). Data will
only be reported in aggregate. However, there is still a small
possibility that your data may have an unanticipated loss
of confidentiality related to human or computer security
error.
 • Use of data: The de-identified, aggregated survey
information will be analyzed by National Institute of
Standards and Technology researchers and incorporated
into one or more technical reports that may be published.
This data will also likely be used or shared with other
researchers in future research efforts. Note that as the
researchers will not have access to any of your personal
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information related to your data, it will not be possible to
honor requests to delete your data from the study after you
have submitted it.
 • Questions or complaints: If you have any questions,
concerns or complaints about this study, or experience an
unanticipated problem please contact Emily Walpole via
telephone: 301-975-2617, or via email:
[email protected]. If you have questions about your
rights as a participant in this study, or have complaints,
concerns or issues you want to discuss with someone
outside the research team, call the Research Protections
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By selecting "Yes" below, you consent to your responses
being used as part of this effort.
Yes, I consent to my responses being used in this research [proceed to
survey]
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Pre-Treatment Items
This survey will be asking you questions about community
planning. Planning structures a process to accomplish
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various goals through community action plans. 
Creation of these plans is led by local government officials
with input from experts and community stakeholders. These
plans often include policies and actions such as:
    - Improvements to infrastructure and buildings (for
example, improving bridges, roads, and building safety)
    - Improvements to public services (for example,
expanding public health services or public transportation
services)
    - Supporting local economies, and/or
    - Enhancing the natural environment

To begin, we would like you to think about the community
you live in, current concerns for your community, and
priorities for improvement.

How knowledgeable would you say you are about planning
efforts in your local community?
Not at all
Slightly
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Moderately
Very
Extremely

How engaged would you say you are in planning efforts in
your local community?
Not at all
Slightly
Moderately
Very
Extremely

Are you aware if your community has any of the following?
(Select any that apply):
Resilience plan or related efforts
Climate adaptation plan or related efforts
Sustainability plan or related efforts
Social equity plan or related efforts
Other kinds of planning or improvement effort Not aware of any / Not sure

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How much of a priority do you think the following issues are
for your community to address?

Healthcare (e.g. costs;
addiction)

Natural hazards (e.g. Flooding;
wildfires; hurricanes)

Sustainability

Social equity and justice

Climate change

Safety and security

Community resilience

Environmental issues (e.g. land
use; pollution)

Governance and leadership

Economic issues (e.g. high cost
of living; Inflation)

Not at all
a priority

Slight
priority

Moderate
priority

High
priority

Highest
priority

Not at all
a priority

Slight
priority

Moderate
priority

High
priority

Highest
priority

Not at all
a priority

Slight
priority

Moderate
priority

High
priority

Highest
priority

Other

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How concerned are you about the following hazards in your
community?

Hurricanes

Extreme heat

Extreme cold and
winter storms

Tornadoes

Wildfires

Earthquakes

Inland or river
flooding

Strong storms and
wind

Drought

Coastal Flooding

Not at all
concerned

Slightly
concerned

Moderately
concerned

Very
concerned

Extremely
concerned

Not at all
concerned

Slightly
concerned

Moderately
concerned

Very
concerned

Extremely
concerned

Group_R
In the next section, we will be asking you about resilience
planning and goals in general (not just in your
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community).

There are no right or wrong answers - we are simply
interested in your opinion.

When you hear the term resilience in relation to
communities, which of the following concepts do you
closely associate with that term? (Select any that apply)
The ability to prepare for and adjust to changing conditions
Quick recovery of infrastructure, utilities, and public services after a
disruption
Managing risks from climate-related hazards such as wildfire, sea level rise,
and drought
Commitment to correct past harms and prevent future unintended
consequences
Meeting the needs of current and future generations without compromising
environmental systems
Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future
generations
The ability to withstand and recover rapidly from extreme events or
disasters
Preservation and expression of local culture and traditions
Resources, benefits, and risks are fairly distributed across neighborhoods
and social groups
Policies and programs within the community are transparent, fair, and
inclusive
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I am not familiar with this term / Not sure

If a community wanted to invest resources to develop a
plan to improve its resilience, which of the following goals
do you assume would be included? (Select all that apply):
Protect or enhance the natural environment
Reduce the production of solid waste (i.e. trash)
Improve accessibility of services and facilities for all community members
Protect the built environment (e.g. buildings, infrastructure, utilities) from
hazards
Protect community members from hazards and toxins
Enhance livability and quality of life in the community
Reduce the community's carbon footprint
Promote energy and/or water conservation
Encourage renewable energy use
Ensure availability of resources for future generations
Educate the public about relevant issues
Support or improve the local economy
Improve safety and health for all community members
Encourage environmentally friendly transportation options
Address uncertainty related to climate change

Briefly, in your own words how would you define resilience
as it relates to community planning and goals?
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For the following questions we would like you to imagine
your community is investing resources in creating a
new resilience plan. Please respond to the following
questions as if this planning effort is now underway in your
community. 

In general, how much would support or oppose
the resilience plan?"
Strongly oppose
Moderately oppose
Slightly oppose
Neither support nor oppose
Slightly support
Moderately support
Strongly support

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On a scale of 1 - 10, where 1 is extremely unimportant
and 10 is extremely important, how important do you
think this resilience plan and effort would be for your
community?

Extremely unimportant

Extremely important

 1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

.  

10

Overall, how much do you expect the resilience plan to
harm or benefit:

Extremely
harmful

Moderately
harmful

Slightly
harmful

No
effect

Slightly
beneficial

Moderately
beneficial

Extremely
beneficial

...Your
community   
as a whole?
...You or
your family   
specifically?

Thinking again about this hypothetical planning effort in
your community, how likely do you think it is that the
resilience plan will be successful?
Not at all likely
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Slightly likely
Moderately likely
Very likely
Extremely likely

Where do you think impacts from the resilience plan will be
felt? (Select all that apply):
My neighborhood
My community
My state
My region of the country
Nationwide
Globally

Who do you think impacts from the resilience plan will be
mostly felt by?
Entirely people who are like me
Mostly people who are like me
Both people who are like me and those who are not like me
Mostly people who are not like me
Entirely people who are not like me

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When do you feel most of the impacts from the resilience
plan would be felt? In the next:
1-10 years
11-20 years
21 - 30 years
31 - 40 years
41 - 50 years
50 - 100 years
More than 100 years

Please tell us how much you agree or disagree with the
following statements about this resilience plan in your
community:

I am confident that
my community
could take action
towards achieving
resilience goals

I am confident that I
could take personal
action towards
achieving resilience
goals

Strongly
disagree

Somewhat
disagree

Neither
disagree
nor agree

Somewhat
agree

Strongly
agree

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Personal actions will
be effective in
achieving increased
resilience

Strongly
disagree

Somewhat
disagree

Neither
disagree
nor agree

Somewhat
agree

Strongly
agree

Resilience plans and
their associated
policies will be

effective in
achieving increased
resilience

In general, who do you feel is responsible for achieving the
goals outlined in the resilience plan? 
Entirely individuals
Mostly individuals
Both individuals and the government
Mostly the government
Entirely the government

Group_A
In the next section, we will be asking you about climate
adaptation planning and goals in general (not just in your
community).

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There are no right or wrong answers - we are simply
interested in your opinion.

When you hear the term climate adaptation in relation to
communities, which of the following concepts do you
closely associate with that term? (Select any that apply)
The ability to prepare for and adjust to changing conditions
Resources, benefits, and risks are fairly distributed across neighborhoods
and social groups
Meeting the needs of current and future generations without compromising
environmental systems
Managing risks from climate-related hazards such as wildfire, sea level rise,
and drought
Policies and programs within the community are transparent, fair, and
inclusive
Preservation and expression of local culture and traditions
Commitment to correct past harms and prevent future unintended
consequences
Quick recovery of infrastructure, utilities, and public services after a
disruption
The ability to withstand and recover rapidly from extreme events or
disasters
Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future
generations
I am not familiar with this term / Not sure
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If a community wanted to invest resources to develop a
plan to improve its climate adaptation, which of the
following goals do you assume would be included? (Select
all that apply):
Reduce the community's carbon footprint
Educate the public about relevant issues
Protect community members from hazards and toxins
Protect or enhance the natural environment
Protect the built environment (e.g. buildings, infrastructure, utilities) from
hazards
Improve accessibility of services and facilities for all community members
Enhance livability and quality of life in the community
Encourage renewable energy use
Encourage environmentally friendly transportation options
Reduce the production of solid waste (i.e. trash)
Address uncertainty related to climate change
Support or improve the local economy
Improve safety and health for all community members
Ensure availability of resources for future generations
Promote energy and/or water conservation

Briefly, in your own words how would you define climate
adaptation as it relates to community planning and goals?
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For the following questions we would like you to imagine
your community is investing resources in creating a
new climate adaptation plan. Please respond to the
following questions as if this planning effort is now
underway in your community. 

In general, how much would support or oppose the climate
adaptation plan?"
Strongly oppose
Moderately oppose
Slightly oppose
Neither support nor oppose
Slightly support
Moderately support
Strongly support

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On a scale of 1 - 10, where 1 is extremely unimportant
and 10 is extremely important, how important do you
think this climate adaptation plan and effort would be for
your community?

Extremely unimportant

Extremely important

 1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

.  

10

Overall, how much do you expect the climate adaptation
plan to harm or benefit:

Extremely
harmful

Moderately
harmful

Slightly
harmful

No
effect

Slightly
beneficial

Moderately
beneficial

Extremely
beneficial

...Your
community   
as a whole?
...You or
your family   
specifically?

Thinking again about this hypothetical planning effort in
your community, how likely do you think it is that the
climate adaptation plan will be successful?
Not at all likely
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Slightly likely
Moderately likely
Very likely
Extremely likely

Where do you think impacts from the climate adaptation
plan will be felt? (Select all that apply):
My neighborhood
My community
My state
My region of the country
Nationwide
Globally

Who do you think impacts from the climate
adaptation plan will be mostly felt by?
Entirely people who are like me
Mostly people who are like me
Both people who are like me and those who are not like me
Mostly people who are not like me
Entirely people who are not like me

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When do you feel most of the impacts from the climate
adaptation plan would be felt? In the next:
1-10 years
11-20 years
21 - 30 years
31 - 40 years
41 - 50 years
50 - 100 years
More than 100 years

Please tell us how much you agree or disagree with the
following statements about this climate adaptation plan in
your community:

I am confident that
my community
could take action
towards achieving
climate adaptation
goals

Personal actions will
be effective in
achieving increased
climate adaptation

Strongly
disagree

Somewhat
disagree

Neither
disagree
nor agree

Somewhat
agree

Strongly
agree

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Climate adaptation
plans and their
associated policies
will be effective in
achieving increased
climate adaptation

I am confident that I
could take personal
action towards
achieving climate
adaptation goals

Strongly
disagree

Somewhat
disagree

Neither
disagree
nor agree

Somewhat
agree

Strongly
agree

In general, who do you feel is responsible for achieving the
goals outlined in the climate adaptation plan? 
Entirely individuals
Mostly individuals
Both individuals and the government
Mostly the government
Entirely the government

Group_S
In the next section, we will be asking you about
sustainability planning and goals in general (not just in
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your community).

There are no right or wrong answers - we are simply
interested in your opinion.

When you hear the term sustainability in relation to
communities, which of the following concepts do you
closely associate with that term? (Select any that apply)
Resources, benefits, and risks are fairly distributed across neighborhoods
and social groups
Meeting the needs of current and future generations without compromising
environmental systems
Commitment to correct past harms and prevent future unintended
consequences
The ability to withstand and recover rapidly from extreme events or
disasters
Quick recovery of infrastructure, utilities, and public services after a
disruption
Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future
generations
Preservation and expression of local culture and traditions
The ability to prepare for and adjust to changing conditions
Policies and programs within the community are transparent, fair, and
inclusive
Managing risks from climate-related hazards such as wildfire, sea level rise,
and drought
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I am not familiar with this term / Not sure

If a community wanted to invest resources to develop a
plan to improve its sustainability, which of the following
goals do you assume would be included? (Select all that
apply):
Encourage environmentally friendly transportation options
Protect community members from hazards and toxins
Ensure availability of resources for future generations
Improve safety and health for all community members
Address uncertainty related to climate change
Encourage renewable energy use
Improve accessibility of services and facilities for all community members
Protect or enhance the natural environment
Enhance livability and quality of life in the community
Promote energy and/or water conservation
Reduce the production of solid waste (i.e. trash)
Support or improve the local economy
Educate the public about relevant issues
Reduce the community's carbon footprint
Protect the built environment (e.g. buildings, infrastructure, utilities) from
hazards

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Briefly, in your own words how would you define
sustainability as it relates to community planning and
goals?

For the following questions we would like you to imagine
your community is investing resources in creating a
new sustainability plan. Please respond to the following
questions as if this planning effort is now underway in your
community. 

In general, how much would support or oppose
the sustainability plan?"
Strongly oppose
Moderately oppose
Slightly oppose
Neither support nor oppose
Slightly support
Moderately support
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Strongly support

On a scale of 1 - 10, where 1 is extremely unimportant
and 10 is extremely important, how important do you
think this sustainability plan and effort would be for your
community?

Extremely unimportant

Extremely important

 1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

.  

10

Overall, how much do you expect the sustainability plan to
harm or benefit:

Extremely
harmful

Moderately
harmful

Slightly
harmful

No
effect

Slightly
beneficial

Moderately
beneficial

Extremely
beneficial

...Your
community   
as a whole?
...You or
your family   
specifically?

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Thinking again about this hypothetical planning effort in
your community, how likely do you think it is that the
sustainability plan will be successful?
Not at all likely
Slightly likely
Moderately likely
Very likely
Extremely likely

Where do you think impacts from the sustainability plan will
be felt? (Select all that apply):
My neighborhood
My community
My state
My region of the country
Nationwide
Globally

Who do you think impacts from the sustainability plan will
be mostly felt by?
Entirely people who are like me
Mostly people who are like me
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Both people who are like me and those who are not like me
Mostly people who are not like me
Entirely people who are not like me

When do you feel most of the impacts from the
sustainability plan would be felt? In the next:
1-10 years
11-20 years
21 - 30 years
31 - 40 years
41 - 50 years
50 - 100 years
More than 100 years

Please tell us how much you agree or disagree with the
following statements about this sustainability plan in your
community:

Strongly
disagree

Somewhat
disagree

Neither
disagree
nor agree

Somewhat
agree

Strongly
agree

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Strongly
disagree

Somewhat
disagree

Neither
disagree
nor agree

Somewhat
agree

Strongly
agree

Sustainability plans
and their associated
policies will be

effective in achieving
increased
sustainability
I am confident that
my community
could take action
towards achieving
sustainability goals

I am confident that I
could take personal
action towards
achieving
sustainability goals

Personal actions will
be effective in
achieving increased
sustainability

In general, who do you feel is responsible for achieving the
goals outlined in the sustainability plan? 
Entirely individuals
Mostly individuals
Both individuals and the government
Mostly the government
Entirely the government

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Group_E
In the next section, we will be asking you about social
equity planning and goals in general (not just in your
community).

There are no right or wrong answers - we are simply
interested in your opinion.

When you hear the term social equity in relation to
communities, which of the following concepts do you
closely associate with that term? (Select any that apply)
Policies and programs within the community are transparent, fair, and
inclusive
The ability to prepare for and adjust to changing conditions
Quick recovery of infrastructure, utilities, and public services after a
disruption
Preservation and expression of local culture and traditions
Managing risks from climate-related hazards such as wildfire, sea level rise,
and drought
Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future
generations
Resources, benefits, and risks are fairly distributed across neighborhoods
and social groups
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Meeting the needs of current and future generations without compromising
environmental systems
Commitment to correct past harms and prevent future unintended
consequences
The ability to withstand and recover rapidly from extreme events or
disasters
I am not familiar with this term / Not sure

If a community wanted to invest resources to develop a
plan to improve its social equity, which of the following
goals do you assume would be included? (Select all that
apply):
Encourage renewable energy use
Encourage environmentally friendly transportation options
Promote energy and/or water conservation
Reduce the production of solid waste (i.e. trash)
Protect or enhance the natural environment
Educate the public about relevant issues
Ensure availability of resources for future generations
Protect community members from hazards and toxins
Improve safety and health for all community members
Protect the built environment (e.g. buildings, infrastructure, utilities) from
hazards
Enhance livability and quality of life in the community
Address uncertainty related to climate change
Reduce the community's carbon footprint
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Improve accessibility of services and facilities for all community members
Support or improve the local economy

Briefly, in your own words how would you define social
equity as it relates to community planning and goals?

For the following questions we would like you to imagine
your community is investing resources in creating a
new social equity plan. Please respond to the following
questions as if this planning effort is now underway in your
community. 

In general, how much would support or oppose the social
equity plan?"
Strongly oppose
Moderately oppose
Slightly oppose
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Neither support nor oppose
Slightly support
Moderately support
Strongly support

On a scale of 1 - 10, where 1 is extremely unimportant
and 10 is extremely important, how important do you
think this social equity plan and effort would be for your
community?

Extremely unimportant

Extremely important

 1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

.  

10

Overall, how much do you expect the social equity plan to
harm or benefit:

Extremely
harmful

Moderately
harmful

Slightly
harmful

No
effect

Slightly
beneficial

Moderately
beneficial

Extremely
beneficial

...You or
your family   
specifically?
...Your
community   
as a whole?

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Thinking again about this hypothetical planning effort in
your community, how likely do you think it is that the social
equity plan will be successful?
Not at all likely
Slightly likely
Moderately likely
Very likely
Extremely likely

Where do you think impacts from the social equity plan will
be felt? (Select all that apply):
My neighborhood
My community
My state
My region of the country
Nationwide
Globally

Who do you think impacts from the social equity plan will
be mostly felt by?
Entirely people who are like me
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Mostly people who are like me
Both people who are like me and those who are not like me
Mostly people who are not like me
Entirely people who are not like me

When do you feel most of the impacts from the social
equity plan would be felt? In the next:
1-10 years
11-20 years
21 - 30 years
31 - 40 years
41 - 50 years
50 - 100 years
More than 100 years

Please tell us how much you agree or disagree with the
following statements about this social equity plan in your
community:

Strongly
disagree

Somewhat
disagree

Neither
disagree
nor agree

Somewhat
agree

Strongly
agree

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I am confident that I
could take personal
action towards
achieving social
equity goals

Strongly
disagree

Somewhat
disagree

Neither
disagree
nor agree

Somewhat
agree

Strongly
agree

Social equity plans
and their associated
policies will be

effective in
achieving increased
social equity
I am confident that
my community
could take action
towards achieving
social equity goals

Personal actions will
be effective in
achieving increased
social equity

In general, who do you feel is responsible for achieving the
goals outlined in the social equity plan? 
Entirely individuals
Mostly individuals
Both individuals and the government
Mostly the government
Entirely the government

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Beliefs and Demographics
Thank you! You have reached the last section of the survey.
Please just tell us a little about yourself. 

How often do you trust your local government to do what is
right?
Never
Some of the time
About half the time
Most of the time
Always

Do you think that global warming (also called climate
change) is happening?
Yes
No
Don't know / Not sure

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How concerned are you personally about the impacts of
climate change?
Not at all concerned
Slightly concerned
Moderately concerned
Very concerned
Extremely concerned

In general, would you describe your political views as:
Very conservative
Conservative
Moderate
Liberal
Very liberal

Which of the following political groups, if any, do you most
identify with? 
Republican
Democrat
Independent
Libertarian
None of the above / other
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What is your age in years? (if you prefer not to answer,
please skip this question)

Which of the following racial/ethnic groups best describes
you? (if you prefer not to answer, please skip this question)
Black or African American
Asian (including Asian Indian)
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander
American Indian or Alaskan Native
White

Are you Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish in origin?
No, not of Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin
Yes, Mexican, Mexican Am., Chicano
Yes, Puerto Rican
Yes, Cuban
Yes, another Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin

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What is your gender? If you do not identify with these
categories, skip this question
Male
Female

What is the highest level of education you have
completed?
Less than high school diploma
High school diploma or equivalent
Some college but no degree
Associate degree (for example, AA, AS)
Bachelor degree (for example, BA, BS)
Graduate or professional degree (for example MA, MBA, JD, PhD)

What is your annual household income? 
Less than $10,000
$10,000 - $19,999
$20,000 - $29,999
$30,000 - $39,999
$40,000 - $49,999
$50,000 - $59,999
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$60,000 - $69,999
$70,000 - $79,999
$80,000 - $89,999
$90,000 - $99,999
$100,000 - $149,999
More than $150,000

Do you or your family rent or own your current home or
residence? (Note: owning includes having a home
mortgage). 
Rent
Own

What State do you currently live in?

What is your 5-digit postal (zip) code? (If you prefer not to
say, please leave blank)

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How would you describe the community you currently live
in?
Rural
Suburban
Urban

How many years have you lived in your current
community?

Thank you for responding to our survey! We greatly
appreciate your time.
Please use the space below if you have any additional
comments you would like to share on this topic.

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