2022 PA Custom Rates Publication

0266 - 2022 PA Custom Rates Publication.pdf

Custom Work Surveys

2022 PA Custom Rates Publication

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United States Department of Agriculture
National Agricultural Statistics Service

PENNSYLVANIA’S 2022 MACHINERY
CUSTOM RATES REPORT
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Cooperating with the Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture
Northeastern Regional Field Office
4050 Crums Mill Rd, Suite 203
Harrisburg, PA 17112
(717) 787-3904
www.nass.usda.gov

The custom rates shown are averages from voluntary
reports by custom operators and farmers throughout
Pennsylvania. Most of the rates are stated per acre, cwt.,
ton, bale, or bushel rather than per hour to reduce the
variation due to machinery size. The rates shown include
the cost of hiring machine with fuel and operator and
exclude the cost of seed, fertilizer, and other materials
used unless otherwise specified. Individual rates vary
due to differences in working conditions, services
performed, or even the operator's eagerness to do custom
work. Therefore, the average rates shown should not be
considered absolute indications of fair charges.
Average rates are shown separately for two regions of
the state, labeled "Mountain" and "Valley". The

differences in rates between regions reflect differences in
terrain, soils and alternative opportunities for the labor
and equipment used. Figures labeled "State" represent
the straight average of all reports used regardless of
geographic location.
Nearly 1,400 respondents provided information on the
various custom rates in their area. Because of the
potential variation in size and overall productivity of
equipment, a range of reported rates for each job has
been included. The range represents the middle 80
percent of all reported rates for each job, thus the lowest
10 percent and the highest 10 percent of all reported
values are not published.

NASS is the federal statistical agency responsible for producing official data about U.S. agriculture and is
committed to providing timely, accurate and useful statistics in service to U.S. agriculture.
USDA is an equal opportunity provider, employer, and lender.

Custom Rates: Selected Farming Operations, Pennsylvania, 2022
Job

Basis of
Charge

2022 (Dollars)
Mountain Section

Valley Section

Range 1

State

Tillage:
1 Pass Field Prep .....................................................
Chisel Plowing ........................................................
Disking:
Disking Shallow ..................................................
w/ Harrow or Cultipacker ....................................
Moldboard Plowing .................................................
Vertical Tillage .......................................................
Drilling:
Drill 7 or 9 inch row, Conventional till ...................
Drill 7 or 9 inch row, No till ....................................
Drilling by Commodity:
Alfalfa, Conventional till .....................................
Alfalfa, No till .....................................................
Small Grains, Conventional till ...........................
Small Grains, No till............................................
Soybeans, Conventional till .................................
Soybeans, No till .................................................
Small Grains, w/o Fertilizer ................................
Small Grains, Seeding and Drilling combined,
w/o Fertilizer ....................................................
Seeding:
Air Seeding (w/ Fertilizer):
Corn, Conventional Till.......................................

$/Acre
$/Acre

(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)

15.00 - 25.00
15.00 - 35.00

21.40
26.30

$/Acre
$/Acre
$/Acre
$/Acre

(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)
22.20

12.00 - 25.00
15.00 - 37.50
18.00 - 50.00
12.00 – 28.00

21.20
23.90
36.10
21.90

$/Acre
$/Acre

(D)
(D)

(D)
21.60

18.00 – 40.00
11.00 – 30.00

26.10
22.30

$/Acre
$/Acre
$/Acre
$/Acre
$/Acre
$/Acre
$/Acre

(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
22.80
(D)
22.30
(D)
24.80
(D)

18.00 – 28.00
12.00 – 30.00
12.00 – 25.00
14.00 – 30.00
20.00 – 30.00
15.00 – 30.50
15.00 – 28.00

21.60
23.60
19.50
22.90
24.50
25.10
22.90

$/Acre

(D)

23.40

14.00 – 30.00

23.10

$/Acre

(D)

27.70

21.00 – 32.00

28.30

Corn, No Till .......................................................
Small Grains, Conventional Till ..........................
Small Grains, No Till ..........................................

$/Acre
$/Acre
$/Acre

(D)
(D)
(D)

28.70
(D)
(D)

20.00 – 38.50
10.00 – 29.60
15.00 – 35.00

29.00
23.50
24.40

Soybeans, Conventional Till ...............................

$/Acre
$/Acre

(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)

25.00 – 42.00
21.00 – 40.00

29.40
30.60

$/Acre
$/Acre
$/Acre
$/Acre
$/Acre

(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

20.00 – 33.00
18.00 – 30.00
18.00 – 29.00
21.00 – 32.00
20.00 – 35.00

25.40
25.80
24.20
26.70
27.00

$/Acre
$/Acre
$/Acre
$/Acre
$/Acre
$/Acre
$/Acre
$/Acre
$/Acre
$/Acre
$/Acre
$/Acre
$/Acre
$/Acre

(D)
(D)
34.20
(D)
29.70
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
28.70
29.40
(D)
28.30
(D)
(D)
25.70
(D)
(D)
(D)
28.70
(D)
25.70

22.00 – 35.00
20.00 – 37.00
22.00 – 36.00
22.00 – 40.00
20.00 – 33.00
21.00 – 35.00
18.00 – 35.00
18.00 – 30.00
25.00 – 35.00
25.00 – 35.00
21.70 – 37.00
20.00 – 35.00
21.00 – 32.00
20.00 – 35.00

26.10
28.90
30.00
28.10
28.50
26.90
24.90
26.10
28.70
29.70
27.90
29.00
24.90
25.90

$/Acre

19.10

15.80

10.00 – 42.00

16.50

$/Acre
$/Acre
$/Acre
$/Acre
$/Ton
$/Acre

13.90
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

14.30
(D)
15.70
17.50
33.30
(D)

8.00 – 17.00
10.00 – 35.00
10.00 – 16.50
9.00 – 30.00
5.00 – 55.00
8.00 – 55.00

14.20
19.50
15.90
17.90
33.70
23.20

Soybeans, No Till ................................................
Air Seeding (w/o Fertilizer):
Corn, Conventional Till.......................................
Corn, No Till .......................................................
Small Grains, No Till ..........................................
Soybeans, Conventional Till ...............................
Soybeans, No Till ................................................
Planting by Commodity:
Alfalfa, clover, etc, No Till……………………
Corn, w/ Fertilizer, Conventional Till .................
Corn, w/ Fertilizer, No Till ..................................
Corn, w/o Fertilizer, Conventional Till ...............
Corn, w/o Fertilizer, No Till ................................
Grass Seeding, No Till ........................................
Small Grains, Conventional Till ..........................
Small Grains, No Till ..........................................
Soybeans, w/ Fertilizer, Conventional Till………
Soybeans, w/ Fertilizer, No Till...........................
Soybeans, w/o Fertilizer, Conventional Till……
Soybeans, w/o Fertilizer, No Till.........................
Wheat, Conventional Till ....................................
Wheat, No Till.....................................................
Fertilizer and Chemicals:
Ground Spraying for Weeds ....................................
Fertilizer:
Bulk Dry, Broadcast ............................................
Liquid, Broadcast ................................................
Liquid, Side-Dressing w/ Drop Nozzles ..............
Lime Application ................................................
Lime Application ................................................
Manure, Dry Application .......................................
See footnotes at end of table.

Custom Rates: Selected Farming Operations, Pennsylvania, 2022, Continued
Job

Basis of
Charge

Mountain Section

2022 (Dollars)
Valley Section
Range 1

State

Fertilizer and Chemicals:
Manure:
Loading………………………………………………..

$/hour

(D)

(D)

15.00 – 120.00

86.60

Spreading………………………………………………

$/Acre

(D)

(D)

15.00 – 130.00

69.30

Fungicide……………………………………………

$/Acre

(D)

(D)

11.00 – 28.00

19.90

Herbicide……………………………………………

$/Acre

16.50

14.60

11.00 – 21.00

14.90

Insecticide…………………………………………..

$/Acre

(D)

(D)

11.00 – 24.00

16.50

Pesticides:
Air Application:

Ground Application
Fungicide……………………………………………

$/Acre

(D)

14.50

10.00 – 18.50

14.40

Herbicide, Boom Sprayer…………………………...

$/Acre

17.60

15.20

10.00 – 20.00

15.60

Herbicide, Broadcast or Banded only, Liquid………

$/Acre

(D)

(D)

12.00 – 25.00

14.70

Insecticide, Broadcast or Banded only, Liquid……..

$/Acre

(D)

(D)

10.00 – 16.50

13.40

Plant Growth Regulators, Ground Application…………..

$/Acre

(D)

(D)

10.00 – 20.00

16.20

Corn …………………………………………………...

$/Acre

40.20

38.30

30.00 – 48.00

38.60

Small Grains, from swath ……………………………..

$/Acre

(D)

(D)

25.00 – 55.00

36.60

Small Grains, Straight…………………………………

$/Acre

39.80

38.30

30.00 – 48.00

38.50

Soybeans………………………………………………

$/Acre

41.60

38.30

32.00 – 48.00

38.70

Other…………………………………………………..

$/Acre

(D)

37.90

31.00 – 48.00

38.00

Dry Corn………………………………………………

$/Bushel

(D)

(D)

0.20 – 0.40

0.28

Shelling Corn………………………………………….

$/Bushel

(D)

(D)

0.15 – 0.50

0.32

Ear Corn Picking, Farm Use……………………………..

$/Acre

(D)

(D)

18.00 – 50.00

33.70

Harvest, Corn – Combine, Grain Cart, Haul to Local Farm

$/Acre

43.00

44.80

32.00 – 65.00

44.50

Harvest, Corn – Corn Stalks, Large Bales……………….

$/Bale

(D)

(D)

7.50 – 9.95

8.35

Harvest, Soybeans – Combine, Grain Cart, Haul to Local
Farm……………………………………………………..

$/Acre

43.80

42.30

30.00 – 60.00

42.50

Harvest, Wheat – Combine, Grain Cart, Haul to Local
Farm……………………………………………………..

$/Acre

(D)

(D)

30.00 – 64.00

43.20

Shredding Corn Stalks…………………………………..

$/Acre

(D)

(D)

10.00 – 25.00

17.70

Corn Harvest, excluding Hauling Charge, base rate…….

$/Acre

(D)

(D)

30.00 – 50.00

39.20

Soybean Harvest, excluding Hauling Charge, base rate…

$/Acre

(D)

(D)

30.00 – 45.00

38.60

Mowing Hay…………………………………………….

$/Acre

22.80

19.30

14.00 – 25.00

19.90

Mowing and Conditioning Hay…………………………

$/Acre

21.50

21.10

14.00 – 30.00

21.20

Raking Hay………………………………………………

$/Acre

10.80

12.70

7.00 – 18.00

12.40

Swathing Hay……………………………………………

$/Acre

(D)

(D)

10.00 – 25.00

17.40

Tedding Hay……………………………………………..

$/Acre

10.00

12.70

7.00 – 17.00

12.30

Windrowing Hay………………………………………..

$/Acre

(D)

(D)

10.00 – 18.75

14.90

Small Bales, <1500 pounds…………………………

$/Bale

10.20

9.60

6.00 – 17.00

9.75

Large Bales, >1500 pounds…………………………

$/Bale

(D)

9.60

7.00 – 14.00

9.90

4 x 5…………………………………………………

$/Bale

10.80

8.25

6.00 – 12.00

9.00

4 x 5 – Cutting, Raking, and Baling………………...

$/Bale

(D)

16.10

8.00 – 32.00

19.00

Small, <250 pounds………………………………...

$/Bale

(D)

2.65

0.95 – 8.00

2.90

Large, >250 pounds………………………………...

$/Bale

13.20

13.30

7.50 – 15.00

13.30

Cost of all haying operations – Small Square Bales…….
See footnotes at end of table.

$/Bale

(D)

2.40

0.80 – 3.50

2.45

Harvest and Combining:
Combining by Commodity:

Crop Handling:

Harvest and Combining – Base Rate:

Hay Harvest:

Baling (INCLUDE the cost of twine or plastic wrap):
Round Bales:

Square Bales:

Custom Rates: Selected Farming Operations, Pennsylvania, 2022, Continued
Basis of
Charge

Job

Mountain Section

2022 (Dollars)
Valley Section
Range 1

State

Crops Hauling and Trucking:
Barley Hauling, base charge……………………………

$/Bushel

(D)

(D)

0.23 – 0.30

Corn Hauling, base charge…………………………….

$/Bushel

0.35

0.27

0.12 – 0.46

0.28

Corn Hauling, Maximum One-Way Mileage………….

Miles

(D)

20.70

8 – 80

35.30

Grains and Oilseeds Hauling, base charge……………..

$/Bushel

(D)

(D)

0.20 – 0.35

0.28

Oats Hauling, base charge……………………………..

$/Bushel

(D)

(D)

0.20 – 0.40

0.28

Soybeans Hauling, base charge………………………..

$/Bushel

0.40

0.27

0.12 – 0.43

0.29

Soybeans Hauling, Maximum One-Way Mileage…….

Miles

(D)

20.60

5 – 70

30.40

All Wheat Hauling, base charge……………………….

$/Bushel

(D)

(D)

0.15 – 0.40

0.27

All Wheat Hauling, Maximum One-Way Mileage……

Miles

(D)

(D)

10 - 50

25.90

Bagging Silage………………………………………...

$/Ton

(D)

(D)

2.90 – 8.50

5.45

Blower…………………………………………………

$/Hour

(D)

(D)

20.00 - 70.00

44.10

Corn, Chopping Only ………………………………

$/Hour

294.00

307.00

110.00 – 455.00

305.00

Corn, Chopping and Hauling Only…………………

$/Hour

(D)

326.00

165.00 – 600.00

338.00

Corn, Chopping and Hauling Only…………………

$/ton

(D)

(D)

5.00 – 9.65

7.30

Corn – Chopping, Hauling, and Filling…………….

$/Hour

(D)

(D)

250.00 – 640.00

473.00

Other Silage, Chopping Only………………………

$/Hour

(D)

(D)

250.00 – 440.00

349.00

Other Silage, Chopping and Hauling Only…………

$/Hour

(D)

(D)

275.00 – 660.00

360.00

Other Silage, Chopping, Hauling, and Filling………

$/Hour

(D)

(D)

375.00 – 750.00

505.00

Pull-type Chopper and Tractor…………………………

$/Hour

(D)

(D)

50.00 – 125.00

102.00

Self-Propelled Chopper………………………………..

$/Hour

313.00

332.00

160.00 – 450.00

330.00

1 Person, 1 Truck……………………………………

$/Hour

(D)

(D)

70.00 – 250.00

128.00

1 Person, 2 Wagons, 1 Tractor………………………

$/Hour

(D)

(D)

75.00 – 200.00

133.00

2 People, 2 Wagons, 2 Tractors……………………..

$/Hour

(D)

(D)

100.00 – 500.00

211.00

$/Bushel

(D)

1.01

0.60 – 1.25

0.99

Corn Drying, base rate…………………………………

$/Bushel

(D)

0.28

0.05 – 0.60

0.28

Corn Drying, Up to ----- Percentage, base…………….

Percent

(D)

(D)

15.00 – 22.40

18.40

$/Ton
$/1000 Gallons

(D)

(D)

6.40 – 14.00

11.10

Liquid Manure Removal and Spreading………………

(D)

(D)

6.00 – 19.00

11.00

Liquid Manure Spreading……………………………..

$/1000 Gallons

(D)

(D)

4.50 – 20.00

10.20

0.27

Silage and Haylage Making:

Chopping Silage:

Labor:

Seed Cleaning:
Small Grains (Wheat, Barley, Oats):
Seed Cleaning Only…………………………………
Grain Drying:

Manure Removal and Spreading
Dry Manure Spreading………………………………..

Livestock Services:
Cattle, Artificial Insemination…………………………

$/Head

26.20

13.80

7.00 – 35.00

16.30

Cattle, Feeding Weaned Calves……………………….

$/Head

(D)

(D)

1.50 – 2.75

2.20

Cattle Hauling, Gooseneck Trailer…………………….

$/Mile

(D)

1.85

1.00 – 3.50

2.15

Cattle, Pregnancy Testing……………………………..

$/Head

(D)

5.35

2.95 – 10.00

5.50

Sheep, Sheering……………………………………….

$/Head

(D)

(D)

5.00 – 15.00

8.75

Brush Hogging………………………………………..

$/Hour

(D)

90.90

60.00 – 125.00

92.70

Excavator……………………………………………..

$/Hour

(D)

(D)

85.00 – 150.00

111.00

Skid-steer Loader……………………………………..

$/Hour

(D)

(D)

15.00 – 45.00

32.40

Tractor, 2-wheel drive, 100-150 HP………………….

$/Hour

(D)

(D)

13.00 – 60.00

34.70

Tractor, 4-wheel drive, less than 175 HP……………..

$/Hour

(D)

(D)

14.00 – 55.00

38.30

Tractor, 4-wheel drive, over 175 HP………………….
$/Hour
(D)
(D)
35.00 – 125.00
……….Loader……………………………………….
Combine……………………………………………….
$/Acre
(D)
(D)
25.00 – 45.00
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual farms respondents.
1
The range represents the middle 80 percent of all reported rates for each job, thus the lowest 10 percent and the highest 10 percent of
all reported values were not published.

74.90
.30
37.90

Land Preparation and Other Services:

Tractor and Machine Rental:

This report can be found online at: https://www.nass.usda.gov/Statistics_by_State/Pennsylvania/Publications/Machinery_Custom_Rates/index.php
NASS reports are available at www.nass.usda.gov


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