ID: 9041 Minnesota Best Management Practices Survey - CY 2025 Enu

MINNESOTA BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES SURVEY - 2025

OMB No. 0535-0273

Approval Expires: xx/xx/20xx Project Code: 9778

Survey ID: 9084

Version 27

United States Department of Agriculture

NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS SERVICE

U.S. Department of Agriculture National Operations Division 9700 Page Avenue, Suite 400 St . Louis, MO 63132-1547 Phone: 1888-424-7828

Fax: 855-415-3678

E-mail: nass@usda.gov

Please make corrections to name, address, and ZIP Code, if necessary.

The information you provide will be used for statistical purposes only. Your response will be kept confidential and any person who willfully discloses ANY identifiable information about you or your operation is subject to a jail term, a fine, or both. This survey is conducted in accordance with the Confidential Information Protection and Statistical Efficiency Act of 2018, Title III of Pub. L. No. 115-435, codified in 44 U.S.C. Ch. 35 and other applicable Federal laws. For more information on how we protect your information please visit: https://www.nass.usda.gov/confidentiality. Response is voluntary. Response is voluntary.

According to the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, an agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to a collection of information unless it displays a valid OMB control number. The valid OMB number is 0535-0273. The time required to complete this information collection is estimated to average 15 minutes per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information.

The Minnesota Department of Agriculture, in cooperation with the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), will conduct periodic surveys of major crop producers that collect information on pesticide and fertilizer use. Survey respondents are randomly selected, and the reported results are based on advanced standardized statistical analyses conducted by Minnesota Department of Agriculture. Your response is necessary to help provide the best statistics possible. If there are any questions, contact the Minnesota Department of Agriculture at 651-201-6336.

1. 

   Acres

   101

   102

   
   

   How many acres of [Crop1] and [Crop2] did you plant in 2025 on your operation?

1. [Crop1]: ...................................................................................................................................................

2. [Crop2]: ...........................................................................................................................................

2. ₂₀₁ Did you have any acres of [Crop1] in 2025 that were planted to [Crop2] in 2024?

₁ ☐ Yes ₃ ☐ No (Go to question 4)

3. 

   202

   [Crop1] on [Crop2] acres. What was the AVERAGE nitrogen rate (units per acre) that was applied across all acres of [Crop1] planted in 2025, that were planted to [Crop2] in 2024? Please include any nitrogen from phosphorus sources such as MAP/DAP/MEZ, sulfur sources such as thiosulfate and ammonium sulfate, and nitrogen in the starter in addition to the main source of nitrogen such as UAN solutions, urea, or anhydrous ammonia.

Total units (actual nitrogen) applied per acre (average per acre) ..................................................................

4. ₂₀₃ Did you have any acres of [Crop1] in 2025 that were planted to [Crop1] in 2024?

₁☐ Yes ₃ ☐ No (Go to question 6)

5. [Crop1] on [Crop1] acres. What was the AVERAGE nitrogen rate (units per acre) that was applied across all acres of [Crop1] planted in 2025, that were also planted to [Crop1] in 2024? Please include any nitrogen from phosphorus sources such as MAP/DAP/MEZ, sulfur sources such as thiosulfate and ammonium sulfate, and nitrogen in the stater in addition to the main source of nitrogen such as UAN solutions, urea, or anhydrous ammonia?...............................................................

6. Which of the following precision agriculture tools do you use on the farm? (Check all that apply).

   1. ₂₀₅ ☐ Auto Steer

   2. ₂₀₆ ☐ Precision planting

   3. ₂₀₇ ☐ Variable rate fertilizer applications

   4. ₂₀₈ ☐ Precision spraying, such as auto boom shutoff

   5. ₂₀₉ ☐ Nitrogen applications based on zone management

   6. ₂₁₀ ☐ Nitrogen applications based on aerial imagery

   7. ₂₁₁ ☐ Nitrogen applications based on in field variables such as in season soil tests

   8. ₂₁₂ ☐ Nitrogen applications based on other in season variables not mentioned above

7. 

   
   

   Acres

   214

   215

   
   

   ₂₁₃ How many acres of cover crops were planted in or grown after your [Crop1] or [Crop2] fields were harvested in 2025?

1. Cover crop on [Crop1] acres: ............................................................................................................

2. Cover crop on [Crop2] acres: ......................................................................................................

If you did not grow [Crop1] in 2025, go to question 16

8. ₂₁₆ With the higher price of fertilizer, did you reduce your N rate on your [Crop1] acres?

₁ ☐ Yes ₃ ☐ No ₅ ☐ Don’t Know

9. ₂₁₇ Was manure used on any of your [Crop1] acres in 2025?

₁ ☐ Yes ₃ ☐ No

₂₁₈ If yes, was the manure tested within the last five years before application in 2025?

₁ ☐ Yes ₃ ☐ No

10. Which of the following factors determine the nitrogen rate calculation in the University of Minnesota nitrogen guidelines. – list factors?

    1. ₂₁₉ ☐ Soil organic matter

b.

₂₂₀ ☐ Price of nitrogen

c.

₂₂₁ ☐ Yield goal

d.

₂₂₂ ☐ Previous crop

e.

₂₂₃ ☐ Variable rate

f.

₂₂₄ ☐ Price of [Crop1]

g.

₂₂₅ ☐ Cation exchange capacity (CEC)

f. ₂₂₆ ☐ Don’t know

11. The Minnesota Department of Agriculture (MDA) has a vulnerable groundwater area map on its website that shows areas where fall nitrogen fertilizer applications are restricted:

    1. How many [Crop1] acres do you have in a vulnerable groundwater area or a drinking water supply management area as defined by the MDA vulnerable

^{groundwater area map?.................................................................................} ₂₃₃ ^{☐ Don't Know OR}

2. ₂₂₇ When was the last time you reviewed the MDA’s Fall Nitrogen Fertilizer Restrictions map on the MDA website?

₁ ☐ Date:

₃ ☐ Don't Know

₇ ☐ Never

12. ₂₂₈ Do you use a nitrogen inhibitor on any of your [Crop1] acres?

₁ ☐ Yes

₃ ☐ No

₅ ☐ Don't Know

13. ₂₂₉ Do you side dress any nitrogen on your [Crop1] acres, including top dress or irrigation?

₁ ☐ Yes

₃ ☐ No

₅ ☐ Don't Know

14. ₂₃₀ Do you use a slow-release product such as ESN, Super U or other such product?

₁ ☐ Yes

₃ ☐ No

₅ ☐ Don't Know

15. ₂₃₁ How important are yields in determining your nitrogen rate on [Crop1]? 1 very important. 5 not important [Select one]

1 ^☐ 2 ☐ 3 ☐ 4 ☐ 5 ^☐

Herbicide Best Management Practices (BMP) Adoption Survey 2025

16. On your 2025 [Crop1] and/or [Crop2] acres, did you (choose one from the list for each crop) If only one crop, check only in that column.

[Crop1] [Crop2]

1. Apply herbicides yourself....................................................................................... _{301 ☐ 302 ☐}

2. Have herbicides custom applied?........................................................................... _{303 ☐ 304 ☐}

3. Apply some myself and some custom applied....................................................... _{305 ☐ 306 ☐}

4. Don’t use herbicides _{307 ☐ 308 ☐}

CONCLUDE interview if you did not use any herbicides on [Crop1] or [Crop2] in 2025.

For all the following questions, check the box if you did that practice and you planted that crop in 2025.

17. Who scouted your [Crop1] and/or [Crop2] fields for weeds in 2025? (Check all that apply.) If only one crop check only in that column.

[Crop1] [Crop2]

1. Myself, family members, or an employee............................................................. _{309 ☐ 310 ☐}

2. Dealer/coop........................................................................................................... _{311 ☐ 312 ☐}

3. Crop consultant...................................................................................................... _{313 ☐ 314 ☐}

4. None of my fields were scouted............................................................................. _{315 ☐ 316 ☐}

(two questions dropped and removed here)

18. What type of tillage did you use before planting on the majority of your [Crop1] and [Crop2] fields in 2025 (Fall of 2024 and Spring of 2025)? [Check one for each crop. If only one crop check only in that column.]

[Crop1] [Crop2]

1. Conventional < 15% residue................................................................................... _{331 ☐ 332 ☐}

2. Reduced Tillage 15% – 30% residue....................................................................... _{333 ☐ 334 ☐}

3. Conservation Tillage > 30% residue........................................................................ _{335 ☐ 336 ☐}

4. Strip Tillage............................................................................................................. _{337 ☐ 338 ☐}

5. No Till..................................................................................................................... _{339 ☐ 340 ☐}

(one question dropped and removed here)

_{If no [Crop1] acres, go to question 20}

19. On your [Crop1] acres applied with herbicides, did you use more than one mode of action (group). This could be from two or more products with different modes of action or a premix with two or more different modes of action?

₃₄₂ ☐ All [Crop1] acres

₃₄₃ ☐ Some [Crop1] acres

₃₄₄ ☐ None of my [Crop1] acres

₃₄₅ ☐ Don't Know

(New Questions Added)

20. Do you have surface water, such as a river, stream (intermittent or continuous), lake, or pond, in the field or within 50 feet of the outside border of any of your [Crop1] or [Crop2] fields?

₃₄₆ ☐ Yes [Go to next question]

₃₄₇ ☐ No [Go to question 23]

21. Do you have non-crop vegetative buffers, such as grass or other permanent vegetation, next to the surface water?

₃₄₈ ☐ Yes – All [Go to next question]

₃₄₉ ☐ Yes – Some [Go to next question]

₃₅₀ ☐ No [Go to question 23]

22. How many feet is the average width of the non-crop vegetative buffer next to the surface water?

₃₅₁ _____ft

23. Do you have a well or sinkhole in the field or within 50 feet outside the border of any of your [Crop1] or [Crop2] fields?

₃₅₂ ☐ Yes – All [Go to next question]

₃₅₃ ☐ Yes – Some [Go to next question]

₃₅₄ ☐ No [Go to question 26]

24. Do you maintain a setback (no herbicide application) or non-crop vegetative buffer for the areas around the well or sinkhole?

₃₅₅ ☐ Yes – All [Go to next question]

₃₅₆ ☐Yes – Some [Go to next question]

₃₅₇ ☐ No [Go to question 28]

25. How many feet is the average width of the setback or non-crop vegetative buffer to the well or sinkhole?

₃₅₈ _____ft

26. Do you mix or load herbicides in any of your [Crop1] or [Crop2] fields?

₃₅₉ ☐ Yes

₃₆₀ ☐ No

₃₆₁☐ Don’t Know

Atrazine Use in [Crop1]

27. ₄₀₁ Was atrazine applied on any of your [Crop1] acres in 2025, premixes included?

₁ ☐ Yes - Go to question 29.

₃ ☐ No - Go to question 33.

₅ ☐ Don't Know – Go to next question.

₇ ☐ No [Crop1] acres in 2025 – Go to question 38.

28. Were any of the following atrazine products applied to your [Crop1] fields? [Check the box if the product was applied]

1. ₄₀₂ ☐ Acruron

2. ₄₀₃ ☐ Callisto Xtra

3. ₄₀₄ ☐ Atrazine 4L or 90DF

4. ₄₀₅ ☐ Keystone LA NXT

5. ₄₀₆ ☐ Harness Xtra

6. ₄₀₇ ☐ Aatrex

7. ₄₀₈ ☐ Breakfree NXT ATZ

8. ₄₀₉ ☐ Cadence ATZ or LA NXT

9. ₄₁₀ ☐ Lumax E

10. ₄₁₁ ☐ Volley NXT

If you have selected one or more of these atrazine products, then go to then next question. If not, skip to question 33.

29. ₄₁₂ When did you apply atrazine on the majority of your [Crop1] acres? [Only check one]

₁ ☐ Crop preplant or preemergence

₂ ☐ Crop post emergence - Go to question to 31

₃ ☐ Split application (both pre and post on the same field)

30. ₄₁₃ Was atrazine incorporated though tillage?

₁ ☐ All [Crop1] acres

₃ ☐ Some [Crop1] acres

₄ ☐ None

₅ ☐ Don't Know

31. ₄₁₄ Did you apply one pound or less per acre of the active ingredient (atrazine) on the majority your [Crop1] acres in the 2025 crop year?

₁ ☐ Yes

₃ ☐ No

₅ ☐ Don't Know

32. Which of the following factors were considered when choosing the rate of atrazine on your [Crop1] fields in 2025 besides cost? (Select all that apply)

11. ₄₁₅ ☐ Soil Texture

12. ₄₁₆ ☐ Soil Organic Matter

13. ₄₁₇ ☐ Weed Species

14. ₄₁₈ ☐ Weed Pressure

15. ₄₁₉ ☐ Effectiveness

16. ₄₂₀ ☐ Other

17. ₄₂₁ ☐ Don’t Know

Acetochlor Use in [Crop1]

33. ₅₀₁ Was acetochlor applied on any of your [Crop1] acres in 2025, premixes included?

₁ ☐ Yes - Go to question 35

₃ ☐ No - Go to question 38

₅ ☐ Don't Know – Go to next question

34. Were any of the following acetochlor products applied to your [Crop1] fields? [Check the box if the product was applied.]

    1. ₅₀₂ ☐ Resicore

    2. ₅₀₃ ☐ Tripleflex

    3. ₅₀₄ ☐ Surestart

    4. ₅₀₅ ☐ Harness

    5. ₅₀₆ ☐ Staunch

    6. ₅₀₇ ☐ Surpass

    7. ₅₀₈ ☐ Volley or Volley NXT

    8. ₅₀₉ ☐ Keystone

    9. ₅₁₀ ☐ Warrant

If you have selected one or more of these acetochlor products, then go to then next question. If not, skip to question 38

35. ₅₁₁ When did you apply acetochlor on the majority of your [Crop1] acres? [Only check one]

₁ ☐ Crop preplant or preemergence

₂ ☐ Crop post emergence - Go to question 37

₃ ☐ Split application (both pre and post on the same field)

36. ₅₁₂ Was acetochlor incorporated through tillage?

₁ ☐ All [Crop1] acres

₃ ☐ Some [Crop1] acres

₄ ☐ None

₅ ☐ Don't Know

37. Which of the following factors were considered when choosing the rate of acetochlor on your [Crop1] fields in 2025 besides cost? (Select all that apply)

1. ₅₁₃ ☐ Soil Texture

2. ₅₁₄ ☐ Soil Organic Matter

3. ₅₁₅ ☐ Weed Species

4. ₅₁₆ ☐ Weed Pressure

5. ₅₁₇ ☐ Effectiveness

6. ₅₁₈ ☐ Other

7. ₅₁₉ ☐ Don’t Know

Acetochlor Use in [Crop2]

38. ₆₀₁ Was Warrant or Warrant Ultra applied to your [Crop2] fields?

₁ ☐ Yes – Go to next question

₃ ☐ No - Conclude survey

₅ ☐ Don't Know - Conclude survey

39. ₆₀₂ When did you apply acetochlor on the majority of your [Crop2] acres? [Only choose one]

₁ ☐ Crop preplant or preemergence

₂ ☐ Crop post emergence - Go to question to 41

₃ ☐ Split application (both pre and post on the same field)

40. ₆₀₃ Was acetochlor incorporated through tillage?

₁ ☐ All [Crop2] acres

₂ ☐ Some [Crop2] acres

₃ ☐ None

₅ ☐ Don’t Know

41. Which of the following factors were considered when choosing the rate of acetochlor on your [Crop2] fields in 2025 besides cost? (Select all that apply)

18. ₆₀₄ ☐ Soil Texture

19. ₆₀₅ ☐ Soil Organic Matter

20. ₆₀₆ ☐ Weed Species

21. ₆₀₇ ☐ Weed Pressure

22. ₆₀₈ ☐ Effectiveness

23. ₆₀₉ ☐ Other

24. ₆₁₀ ☐ Don’t Know

Response		Respondent		Mode		Enum.	Eval.	Change	Office Use for POID
1-Comp 2-R 3-Inac 4-Office Hold 5-R -- Est 6-Inac --Est 7-Off Hold --Est	9901	1-Op/Mgr 2-Sp 3-Acct/Bkpr 4-Partner 9-Oth	9902	PASI (Mail) PATI (Tel) PAPI (Face-to- Face) 6-Email 7-Fax 19-Other	9903	9998	9900	9985	9989 - -
									Optional Use
									9907	9908	9906	9916
S/E Name: