29 CFR Part 1911

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29 CFR Part 1911 (up to date as of 8/17/2026)
Rules of Procedure for Promulgating, Modifying, or Revoking Occupational...

29 CFR Part 1911 (Aug. 17, 2026)

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Title 29 —Labor
Subtitle B —Regulations Relating to Labor
Chapter XVII —Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Department of Labor
Part 1911 Rules of Procedure for Promulgating, Modifying, or Revoking Occupational
Safety or Health Standards
§ 1911.1
Purpose and scope.
§ 1911.2
Definitions.
§ 1911.3
Petition for the promulgation, modification, or revocation of a standard.
§ 1911.4
Additional or alternative procedural requirements.
§ 1911.5
Minor changes in standards.
Commencement of Rulemaking
§ 1911.10 [Reserved]
§ 1911.11 Standards.
§ 1911.12 Emergency standards.
Hearings
§ 1911.15 Nature of hearing.
§ 1911.16 Powers of presiding officer.
§ 1911.17 Certification of the record of a hearing.
§ 1911.18 Decision.

PART 1911—RULES OF PROCEDURE FOR PROMULGATING,
MODIFYING, OR REVOKING OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY OR HEALTH
STANDARDS
Authority: Secs. 4, 6, 8, Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (29 U.S.C. 653, 655, 657); secs. 1, 4, WalshHealey Public Contracts Act (41 U.S.C. 35, 38); secs. 2, 4, Service Contracts Act of 1965 (41 U.S.C. 351, 353); sec.
107, Contract Work Hours and Safety Standards Act (Construction Safety Act) (40 U.S.C. 333); sec. 41,
Longshoremen's and Harbor Workers' Compensation Act (33 U.S.C. 941); sec. 5(j)(2), National Foundation on Arts
and Humanities Act (20 U.S.C. 954(j)(2)); 5 U.S.C. 553; Secretary of Labor's Order No. 12-71 (36 FR 8754), 8-76 (41
FR 25059), 9-83 (48 FR 35736), or 8-2020 (85 FR 58393), as applicable. Sections 1911.12 and 1911.18 also issued
under 29 CFR part 1911.

Source: 36 FR 17507, Sept. 1, 1971, unless otherwise noted.

29 CFR 1911 (enhanced display)

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29 CFR Part 1911 (up to date as of 8/17/2026)
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29 CFR 1911.1

§ 1911.1 Purpose and scope.
This part sets forth rules of procedure for promulgating, modifying, or revoking occupational safety or health
standards under section 6(b) (1), (2), (3), and (4) of the Williams-Steiger Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970
and under any of the particular statutes listed in § 1911.2(d) which may also cover the employments affected by the
standards. The purpose of the rules is to provide for single proceedings in the setting of standards under the
several statutes, in order to assure uniformity of the standards to be enforced under the several statutes and in
order to avoid needless multiplicity of rulemaking proceedings dealing with the same subjects and issues relating to
occupational safety and health standards.

§ 1911.2 Definitions.
As used in this part, unless the context clearly requires otherwise—
(a) Assistant Secretary means the Assistant Secretary of Labor for Occupational Safety and Health.
(b) Act means the Williams-Steiger Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (84 Stat. 1590; 29 U.S.C.
650).
(c) Standard means an occupational safety and health standard which requires conditions, or the adoption or
use of one or more practices, means, methods, operations, or processes, reasonably necessary or
appropriate to provide safe or healthful employment and places of employment, and which is to be
promulgated, modified, or revoked in accordance with section 6(b) (1), (2), (3), and (4) of the Act.
(d) Particular statute means any of the following statutes of particular application: The Act of June 30, 1936,
commonly known as the Walsh-Healey Public Contracts Act (41 U.S.C. 35 et seq.), the Service Contract
Act of 1965 (41 U.S.C. 351 et seq.), the Construction Safety Act (40 U.S.C. 333), the Longshoremen's and
Harbor Workers' Compensation Act (33 U.S.C. 941), or the National Foundation on Arts and Humanities
Act (20 U.S.C. 951 et seq.).

§ 1911.3 Petition for the promulgation, modification, or revocation of a standard.
Any interested person may file with the Assistant Secretary, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S.
Department of Labor, Washington, D.C. 20210, a written petition for the promulgation, modification, or revocation of
a standard. The petition should include, or be accompanied by, the proposed rule desired and a statement of the
reasons therefor and intended effect thereof.

§ 1911.4 Additional or alternative procedural requirements.
Upon reasonable notice to interested persons, the Assistant Secretary may in any particular proceeding prescribe
additional or alternative procedural requirements:
(a) In order to expedite the conduct of the proceeding;
(b) In order to provide greater procedural protection to interested persons whenever it is found necessary or
appropriate to do so; or
(c) For any other good cause which may be consistent with the applicable laws.

29 CFR 1911.4(c) (enhanced display)

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29 CFR 1911.5

§ 1911.5 Minor changes in standards.
Section 6(b), when construed in light of the rulemaking provisions of the Administrative Procedure Act (5 U.S.C.
553), is read as permitting the making of minor rules or amendments in which the public is not particularly
interested without the notice and public procedure which is otherwise required. Whenever such a minor rule or
amendment is adopted, it shall incorporate a finding of good cause to this effect for not providing notice and public
procedure.
[37 FR 8664, Apr. 29, 1972]

COMMENCEMENT OF RULEMAKING
§ 1911.10 [Reserved]
§ 1911.11 Standards.
The Assistant Secretary may promulgate, modify, or revoke a standard in the following manner:
(a) The Assistant Secretary may request the recommendations of an advisory committee appointed under
section 7 of the Act or other statutory authority. In such event, the Assistant Secretary shall submit to the
committee any proposal of his own or of the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare, together with all
pertinent factual information available to him, including the results of research, demonstrations, and
experiments. The committee shall submit to the Assistant Secretary its recommendations regarding the
rule to be promulgated within the period prescribed by the Assistant Secretary, which in no event shall be
longer than 270 days.
(b) The Assistant Secretary shall publish in the FEDERAL REGISTER a notice of proposed rulemaking. Where an
advisory committee has been consulted and the Assistant Secretary determines that a rule should be
issued, the notice shall be published within 60 days after the submission of the committee's
recommendations or the expiration of the period prescribed for such submissions, whichever date is
earlier. The notice shall include:
(1) The terms of the proposed rule;
(2) A reference to section 6(b) of the Act and to the appropriate section of any particular statute
applicable to the employments affected by the rule;
(3) An invitation to interested persons to submit within 30 days after publication of the notice written
data, views, and arguments, which shall be available for public inspection and copying, except as to
matters the disclosure of which is prohibited by law;
(4) Either the time and place of an informal hearing on the proposed rule to be held not earlier than 10
days from the last day of the period for written comments, or information to interested persons that
they may file on or before the 30th day after publication of the notice written objections to the
proposed rule meeting the requirements of paragraph (c) of this section and request an informal
hearing on the objections; and
(5) Any other appropriate provisions with regard to the proceeding.
(c) Objections to be submitted pursuant to paragraph (b) of this section shall comply with the following
conditions:
29 CFR 1911.11(c) (enhanced display)

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29 CFR 1911.11(c)(1)

(1) The objections must include the name and address of the objector;
(2) The objections must be postmarked on or before the 30th day after the date of publication of the
notice of proposed rulemaking;
(3) The objections must specify with particularity the provision of the proposed rule to which objection
is taken, and must state the grounds therefor;
(4) Each objection must be separately stated and numbered; and
(5) The objections must be accompanied by a summary of the evidence proposed to be adduced at the
requested hearing.
(d) Within 30 days after the last day for filing objections, if objections are filed in substantial compliance with
paragraph (c) of this section, the Assistant Secretary shall, and in any other case may, publish in the
FEDERAL REGISTER a notice of informal hearing. The notice shall contain:
(1) A statement of the time, place, and nature of the hearing;
(2) A reference to the authority under which the hearing is to be held;
(3) A specification of the provisions of the proposed rule which have been objected to, and on which an
informal hearing has been requested;
(4) A specification of the issues on which the hearing is to be had, which shall include at least all the
issues raised by any objections properly filed, on which a hearing has been requested;
(5) The requirement for the filing of an intention to appear at the hearing together with a statement of
the position to be taken with regard to the issues specified and of the evidence to be adduced in
support of the position;
(6) The designation of a presiding officer to conduct the hearing; and
(7) Any other appropriate provisions with regard to the proceeding.
(e) Any objector requesting a hearing on proposed rule, and any interested person who files a proper intention
to appear shall be entitled to participate at a hearing.
[36 FR 17507, Sept. 1, 1971, as amended at 90 FR 27999, July 1, 2025]

§ 1911.12 Emergency standards.
(a)
(1) Whenever an emergency standard is published pursuant to section 6(c) of the Act, the Assistant
Secretary must commence a proceeding under section 6(b) of the Act, and the standard as
published must serve as a proposed rule. Any notice of proposed rulemaking shall also give notice
of any appropriate subsidiary proposals.
(2) An emergency standard promulgated pursuant to section 6(c) of the Act shall be considered issued
at the time when the standard is officially filed in the Office of the Federal Register. The time of
official filing in the Office of the Federal Register is established for the purpose of determining the
prematurity, timeliness, or lateness of petitions for judicial review.

29 CFR 1911.12(a)(2) (enhanced display)

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29 CFR 1911.12(b)

(b) If the Assistant Secretary wishes to consult an advisory committee on any of the proposals as permitted
by section 7(b) of the Act, he shall afford interested persons an opportunity to inspect and copy any
recommendations of the advisory committee within a reasonable time before the commencement of any
informal hearing which may be held under this part, or before the termination of the period for the
submission of written comments whenever an informal hearing is not initially noticed under §
1910.11(b)(4) of this chapter.
(c) Section 6(c) requires that any standard must be promulgated following the rulemaking proceeding within
6 months after the publication of the emergency standard. Because of the shortness of this period, the
conduct of the proceeding shall be expedited to the extent practicable.
[37 FR 8664, Apr. 29, 1972, as amended at 42 FR 65166, Dec. 30, 1977]

HEARINGS
§ 1911.15 Nature of hearing.
(a)
(1) The legislative history of section 6 indicates that Congress intended informal rather than formal
rulemaking procedures to apply. See the Conference Report, H. Rept. No. 91-1765, 91st Cong.,
second sess., 34 (1970). The informality of the proceedings is also suggested by the fact that
section 6(b) permits the making of a decision on the basis of written comments alone (unless an
objection to a rule is made and a hearing is requested), the use of advisory committees, and the
inherent legislative nature of the tasks involved. For these reasons, the proceedings pursuant to §
1911.11 shall be informal.
(2) Section 6(b)(3) provides an opportunity for a hearing on objections to proposed rulemaking, and
section 6(f) provides in connection with the judicial review of standards, that determinations of the
Secretary shall be conclusive if supported by substantial evidence in the record as a whole. Although
these sections are not read as requiring a rulemaking proceeding within the meaning of the last
sentence of 5 U.S.C. 553(c) requiring the application of the formal requirements of 5 U.S.C. 556 and
557, they do suggest a congressional expectation that the rulemaking would be on the basis of a
record to which a substantial evidence test, where pertinent, may be applied in the event an informal
hearing is held.
(3) The oral hearing shall be legislative in type. However, fairness may require an opportunity for crossexamination on crucial issues. The presiding officer is empowered to permit cross- examination
under such circumstances. The essential intent is to provide an opportunity for effective oral
presentation by interested persons which can be carried out with expedition and in the absence of
rigid procedures which might unduly impede or protract the rulemaking process.
(b) Although any hearing shall be informal and legislative in type, this part is intended to provide more than
the bare essentials of informal rulemaking under 5 U.S.C. 553. The additional requirements are the
following:
(1) The presiding officer shall be a hearing examiner appointed under 5 U.S.C. 3105.
(2) The presiding officer shall provide an opportunity for cross-examination on crucial issues.
(3) The hearing shall be reported verbatim, and a transcript shall be available to any interested person
on such terms as the presiding officer may provide.
29 CFR 1911.15(b)(3) (enhanced display)

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29 CFR 1911.16

[37 FR 8664, Apr. 29, 1972, as amended at 37 FR 12231, June 21, 1972; 90 FR 27999, July 1, 2025]

§ 1911.16 Powers of presiding officer.
The officer presiding at a hearing shall have all the powers necessary or appropriate to conduct a fair and full
hearing, including the powers:
(a) To regulate the course of the proceedings;
(b) To dispose of procedural requests, objections, and comparable matters;
(c) To confine the presentations to the issues specified in the notice of hearing, or, where no issues are
specified, to matters pertinent to the proposed rule;
(d) To regulate the conduct of those present at the hearing by appropriate means;
(e) In his discretion, to permit cross- examination of any witness;
(f) To take official notice of material facts not appearing in the evidence in the record, so long as parties are
entitled, on timely request, to an opportunity to show the contrary; and
(g) In his discretion, to keep the record open for a reasonable, stated time to receive written
recommendations, and supporting reasons, and additional data, views, and arguments from any person
who has participated in the oral proceeding.

§ 1911.17 Certification of the record of a hearing.
Upon completion of the oral presentations, the transcript thereof, together with written submissions on the
proposed rule, exhibits filed during the hearing, and all posthearing comments, recommendations, and supporting
reasons shall be certified by the officer presiding at the hearing to the Assistant Secretary.

§ 1911.18 Decision.
(a)
(1) Within 60 days after the expiration of the period provided for the submission of written data, views,
and arguments on a proposed rule on which no hearing is held, or within 60 days after the
certification of the record of a hearing, the Assistant Secretary shall publish in the FEDERAL REGISTER
either an appropriate rule promulgating, modifying, or revoking a standard, or a determination that
such a rule should not be issued. The action of the Assistant Secretary shall be taken after
consideration of all relevant matter presented in written submissions and in any hearings held under
this part.
(2) A determination that a rule should not be issued on the basis of existing relevant matter may be
accompanied by an invitation for the submission of additional data, views, or arguments from
interested persons on the issue or issues involved. In which event, an appropriate rule or other
determination shall be made within 60 days following the end of the period allowed for the
submission of the additional comments.
(b) Any rule or standard adopted under paragraph (a) of this section shall incorporate a concise general
statement of its basis and purpose. The statement is not required to include specific and detailed findings
and conclusions of the kind customarily associated with formal proceedings. However, the statement will
show the significant issues which have been faced, and will articulate the rationale for their solution.
29 CFR 1911.18(b) (enhanced display)

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29 CFR 1911.18(c)

(c) Where an advisory committee has been consulted in the formulation of a proposed rule, the Assistant
Secretary may seek the advice of the advisory committee as to the disposition of the proceeding. In giving
advice to the Assistant Secretary, an advisory committee shall consider all matter presented to the
Assistant Secretary. The advice of an advisory committee shall take the form of written recommendations
to be submitted to the Assistant Secretary within a period to be prescribed by him. When the
recommendations are contained in the transcript of the meeting of an advisory committee, they shall be
summary in form. See §§ 1912.33 and 1912.34 of this chapter.
(d) A rule promulgating, modifying, or revoking a standard, or a determination that a rule should not be
promulgated, shall be considered issued at the time when the rule or determination is officially filed in the
Office of the Federal Register. The time of official filing in the Office of the Federal Register is established
for the purpose of determining the prematurity, timeliness, or lateness of petitions for judicial review.
[37 FR 8665, Apr. 29, 1972, as amended at 42 FR 65166, Dec. 30, 1977]

29 CFR 1911.18(d) (enhanced display)

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