NAHMS 189 Dairy 2007 VS Initial Visit

\
Animal and
Plant Health
Inspection
Service

Dairy 2007
VS Initial Visit

Veterinary
Services

National Animal Health
Monitoring System

(February 26 – April 30, 2007)

2150 Centre Ave Bldg B
Fort Collins, CO 80526
Form Approved
OMB Number 0579-0205
Approval expires:
4/30/2010

State FIPS:
2 digits

Operation #:
4 digits

Interviewer:
Initials

Date:
(mm/dd/yy)

Section A—Inventory
1. How many dairy cattle of the following types are housed on this operation today?
a. Lactating cows ...........................................................................................................V001

_____

b. Dry cows ....................................................................................................................V002

_____

c.

Bred heifers................................................................................................................V003

_____

2. How many dairy heifer calves were weaned (removed from a liquid ration)
while on this operation in the last 12 months? ................................................................ V004

_____

According to the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, no persons are required to respond to a collection of information unless it
displays a valid OMB control number. The valid OMB control number for this information collection is 0579-0205. The time
required to complete this information collection is estimated to average 1.25 hours per response, including the time to review
instructions, search existing data resources, gather the data needed, and complete and review the information collected.

NAHMS-189
JAN 2007

1

State/Operation #: _________________

Section B—Biosecurity
3. Which of the following categories best describes how familiar you are with the listed diseases?
Fairly
knowledgeable

Know some
basics

Recognized the
name, not
much else

Haven’t
heard of it
before

a. Foot-and-mouth disease ............... V005

†1

†2

†3

†4

b. Heartwater..................................... V006

†1

†2

†3

†4

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy
(BSE or mad cow disease) ........... V007

†1

†2

†3

†4

d. Screwworm ................................... V008

†1

†2

†3

†4

e. Johne’s disease
(paratuberculosis) ......................... V009

†1

†2

†3

†4

f.

Bluetongue .................................... V010

†1

†2

†3

†4

g. Vesicular stomatitis ....................... V011

†1

†2

†3

†4

h. Anthrax.......................................... V012

†1

†2

†3

†4

i.

Mycoplasma mastitis..................... V013

†1

†2

†3

†4

j.

Hemorrhagic bowel syndrome (HBS)
(Jejunal hemorrhage
syndrome) .................................... V014

†1

†2

†3

†4

k.

Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) .......... V015

†1

†2

†3

†4

l.

Leptospira hardjo bovis ................. V016

†1

†2

†3

†4

4. If an outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease (or other foreign animal disease)
occurred in the U.S., how likely would you be to use the following sources
to get information about the disease?
Very
Somewhat
likely
likely

Not
likely

c.

a. Other dairy producers ..................................V017

†1

†2

†3

b. Private veterinarian ......................................V018

†1

†2

†3

c.

Extension agent ...........................................V019

†1

†2

†3

d. Dairy organization or cooperative ................V020

†1

†2

†3

e. Magazines....................................................V021

†1

†2

†3

f.

Internet .........................................................V022

†1

†2

†3

g. State Veterinarian’s office ............................V023

†1

†2

†3

h. U.S. Department of Agriculture ....................V024

†1

†2

†3

i.

Television/newspapers.................................V025

†1

†2

†3

j.

Other (specify: ___________)V026OTH ............V026

†1

†2

†3

Dairy 2007 VS Initial Visit Questionnaire

2

State/Operation #: _________________

5. If you had an animal you suspected of having foot-and-mouth disease
(or other foreign animal disease) on your operation, would you
contact the following resources?
a. Extension agent/university ............................................................................. V027

†1 Yes

†3 No

b. State Veterinarian’s office .............................................................................. V028

†1 Yes

†3 No

c.

U.S. Department of Agriculture ...................................................................... V029

†1 Yes

†3 No

d. Private veterinarian ........................................................................................ V030

†1 Yes

†3 No

e. Feed company or milk cooperative representative ........................................ V031

†1 Yes

†3 No

f.

†1 Yes

†3 No

Other (specify: _______________________)V032OTH...................................... V032

6. For each of the following signs associated with a potential herd disease
problem, at what percentage would you contact a veterinarian for assistance?
(Enter N/A if you would never contact a veterinarian for assistance.)
a. Percentage decline in total daily milk production................................................... V033

_____

b. Percentage of milk cows exhibiting fever within a short time period .................... V034

_____

c.

Percentage of milk cows dying within a short time period ..................................... V035

_____

d. Percentage of milk cows aborting within a short time period................................. V036

_____

e. Percentage other (specify: _____________________________)V037OTH ............... V037

_____

7. On average, how many paid and unpaid people, including owners and
family members, does this operation employ that are assigned duties
directly related to operation of the dairy?
(Exclude people that work exclusively with crop activities.)
Number
a. Full-time .............................................................................................................. V038

_____

b. Part-time.............................................................................................................. V039

_____

8. Are you using any of the following biosecurity practices?
a. Guidelines to determine which visitors are allowed in
animal areas..............................................................V040

†1 Yes

b. Guidelines regarding foreign travel by employees.......... V041
c.

†2 No visitors allowed

†3 No

†1 Yes †2 No employees

†3 No

Written standard operating procedures (SOPs)
(other than milking procedures)? ............................................................. V042

d. Training for employees in performing these practices? .. V043

†1 Yes

†3 No

†1 Yes †2 No employees †3 No

9. During an average week, how many visits were made by people who have
contact with livestock on your operation, including employees, veterinarians,
neighbors, nutritionists, milk haulers, etc., and potentially have contact on the
same day with livestock from other operations? ............................................. V044

_____ visits/week

NOTE: If this operation sends heifers off site and cattle are not commingled with cattle from other
operations, then consider “no incoming cattle” for this animal class. If heifers are commingled off
site, consider incoming cattle and answer appropriately.
10. In the last 12 months, were you aware of the
source and geographic origin of all, some, or
none of the cattle coming onto this
operation?..............................................V045

Dairy 2007 VS Initial Visit Questionnaire

†1 All

†2 Some †3 No incoming cattle

†4 None

3

State/Operation #: _________________

11. Have you used any of the following practices in the last 12 months?
a. Footbaths for visitors entering animal areas ........................ V046

†1 Yes

†2 No visitors

†3 No

b. Disposable or clean boots for visitors
entering animal areas........................................................... V047

†1 Yes

†2 No visitors

†3 No

c.

Insect control (such as sprays, foggers, treated ear tags,
products administered to animals [topical/oral], etc.)..................................... V048

†1 Yes

†3 No

d. Rodent control (such as cats, traps, chemical/bait, etc.) ............................... V049

†1 Yes

†3 No

e. Bird control (such as traps, noise, chemical/bait, etc.) .................................. V050

†1 Yes

†3 No

f.

Limit cattle contact with other livestock, elk, and deer................................... V051

†1 Yes

†3 No

g. Control access to cattle feed by other livestock and wildlife, such as
elk, deer, and raccoons.................................................................................. V052

†1 Yes

†3 No

h. Closed herd (all replacements are from this operation, no contact
with cattle from other operations)................................................................... V053

†1 Yes

†3 No

i.

Restrictions on vehicles entering animal area ............................................... V054

†1 Yes

†3 No

j.

Restrictions on employee livestock ownership outside
this operation..................................................................... V055 †1 Yes †2 No employees

†3 No

12. In the last 12 months, how often did this operation
use the same equipment to handle both
manure and cattle feed?...................................... V056

†1 Routinely

†2 When necessary †3 Never

If Routinely or When necessary, which best describes cleaning procedures usually
done with equipment after handling manure and prior to handling feed?
(Check one only.)
†1 Wash equipment with water or steam only
†2 Chemically disinfect only
†3 Wash equipment and chemically disinfect
†4 Other (specify: _________________________)V057OTH
†5 No procedures done
13. In the last 12 months, did this operation share any heavy equipment
with other livestock operations (i.e., tractors, feeding equipment,
manure spreaders, trailers)? ................................................................................ V058

V057

†1 Yes

†3 No

If Item 13 = NO, SKIP to Item 16.
14. In the last 12 months, how many times did this operation
share equipment with other operations? ...................................................................... V059

_____

15. Which of the following best describes this operation’s cleaning procedures
usually done with shared equipment prior to use on your operation?
(Check one only.)
†1 Wash equipment with water or steam only
†2 Chemically disinfect only
†3 Wash equipment and chemically disinfect
†4 Other (specify: _________________________)V060OTH
†5 No procedures done

Dairy 2007 VS Initial Visit Questionnaire

V060

4

State/Operation #: _________________

16. Does this operation participate in any of the following kinds of
Johne’s disease control or certification programs?
a. A unique program developed specifically for this operation ..................... V061

†1 Yes

†3 No

b. A State-sponsored program...................................................................... V062

†1 Yes

†3 No

c.

†1 Yes

†3 No

a. Multiple animal area/pen?......................................................................... V064

†1 Yes

†3 No

b. Individual animal area/pen cleaned between each calving?..................... V065

†1 Yes

†3 No

c.

Individual animal area/pen cleaned after two or more calvings? .............. V066

†1 Yes

†3 No

d. Other (specify: ______________________________)V067OTH .................. V067

†1 Yes

†3 No

Other (specify: ______________________________)V063OTH .................. V063

17. Do cows on this operation usually calve in:

18. How many hours are cows in the usual calving area/pen:
a. Prior to calving? (Enter 0 if moved immediately; answer to
nearest quarter hour if less than 1 hour.)......................... V068/068H

_____ days OR _____ hours

b. After calving? (Enter 0 if removed immediately; answer to
nearest quarter hour if less than 1 hour.)...............................V069

_____ hours

19. Do any of the following cows enter the usual calving area/pen?
a. Sick cows ...............................................................................V070

†1 Yes

†3 No

b. Lame cows .............................................................................V071

†1 Yes

†3 No

Johne’s test-positive cows .....................................................V072

†1 Yes †2 Don’t test

†3 No

d. Other (specify: __________________________)V073OTH........ V073

†1 Yes

†3 No

c.

_____ %

20. What percentage of calves are born in the usual calving area/pen? .............. V074
21. Is colostrum from Johne’s test-positive cows fed to calves?........ V075

†1 Yes †2 Don’t test

†3 No

Section C—Source of Replacements
22. How many dairy cow replacements entered the milking herd in the last 12 months?

V076

_____

23. A shipment refers to movement of one or a group of animals at one time,
regardless of how many trailers or trucks were used.
Of the dairy cow replacements that entered the milking herd in the last
12 months from the following sources, how many were obtained and
how many shipments were required to move the animals to your operation?
Head

Shipments

a. Born on this operation and raised on the operation?...................... V077

_____

N/A

b. Born on this operation and raised by off-site heifer grower? ...... V078/084

_____

_____

c.

Purchased directly from other dairies ......................................... V079/085

_____

_____

d. Purchased from a dealer............................................................. V080/086

_____

_____

e. Purchased from auction markets ................................................ V081/087

_____

_____

f.

Purchased from other source (specify: __________)V082OTH ....... V082/088

_____

_____

Total (should equal Item 22)..................................................... V083

_____

Dairy 2007 VS Initial Visit Questionnaire

5

State/Operation #: _________________

Section D—Disease Confirmation
24. Were any of the following diseases confirmed via laboratory testing
of cattle on this operation in the last 12 months, and if “Yes,” which
diagnostic samples were used to confirm the disease(s)?
If “Other” is marked, write specifics in margin.

Disease
Example Disease
Bovine Leukosis
Virus (BLV)
Bovine Viral
Diarrhea (BVD)
Johne’s disease
(Mycobacterium
paratuberculosis)*
Leptospirosis

Animals
with
Confirmed
Disease
(Y/N)
Y

Diagnostic Samples
Aborted
Fetus
X

V089

V090

Blood

Ear
Notch

Feces
X

Milk

Tissues
at
Necropsy
X

V099

Other

V112

V119

V120

V095

V100

V092

V096

V102

V115

Neospora

V093

V097

V103

V116

V123

Salmonella

V094

V098

V104

V117

V124

V091

V105

Urine

V101

V106

V109

V113

V107

V110

V114

V108

V111

V121
V118

V122

*If Johne’s disease has been confirmed prior to the last 12 months on this operation, ask if they had cows with clinical
signs of Johne’s disease (chronic diarrhea and weight loss that does not respond to treatment despite a normal
appetite). If they had animals with clinical signs in the last 12 months, record “Yes” for Confirmed Disease and mark
“Other” under Diagnostic Samples and note clinical signs in the margin.

25. How many abortions occurred in the last 12 months? ................................................ V125

_____

26. How many of the following types of samples were submitted to determine the
cause of abortion? (Samples could be collected and submitted by
a veterinarian or submitted directly to a lab by the producer.)
a. Placenta ................................................................................................................. V126

_____

b. Entire fetus ............................................................................................................. V127

_____

c.

Serum of dam......................................................................................................... V128

_____

d. Other (specify: _________________________)V129OTH.......................................... V129

_____

27. For any aborted fetuses that were not submitted for diagnosis,
which of the following best describes the reason for not doing so?
(Check one only.)
†1 Cost
†2 Lack of information obtained from previous abortion submissions
†3 Inconvenience (e.g., getting fetus to the laboratory)
†4 Abortion not perceived as a problem on this operation
†5 Other (specify: ______________________________________)V130OTH
28. If abortion diagnostics were performed at no cost,
what percentage of aborted fetuses would you submit to a veterinary
diagnostic lab for diagnosis? ..................................................................................... V131

Dairy 2007 VS Initial Visit Questionnaire

V130

_____%

6

State/Operation #: _________________

Section E—General Management
NOTE: In Items 29 and 30, “outside area” refers to areas without permanent roof structures.
29. Which of the following best describes the primary outside area
that lactating cows routinely have access to during the summer and winter seasons?
(Enter one code only for each season. If no outside access, enter 4.)
(1) Pasture
(2) Concrete alleyway or pen
(3) Dry lot
(4) None
(5) Other (specify: ______________)V132OTH ......................... V132/133

_____ code
Summer

_____ code
Winter

30. Which of the following best describes the primary outside area
that dry cows routinely have access to during summer and and winter seasons?
(Enter one code only for each season. If no outside access, enter 4.)
(1) Pasture
(2) Concrete alleyway or pen
(3) Dry lot
(4) None
(5) Other (specify______________)V134OTH ........................... V134/135

_____ code
Summer

_____ code
Winter

31. Which of the following is the predominant flooring type lactating
cows stand or walk on when not being milked, excluding concrete feed pad?
(Check one only.)
†1 Concrete–groove/textured
†2 Concrete–slat
†3 Concrete–smooth
†4 Rubber mats over concrete
†5 Pasture
†6 Dirt
†7 Other (specify: ___________________________)V136OTH

V136

If Item 31 = 5, 6, or 7, SKIP to Item 33.
32. Did any of the following cow areas have rubber belting or similar
flooring that reduced the time cows spent standing directly on concrete?
a. Immediately in front of feed bunk .................................................................. V137

†1 Yes †3 No

b. Walkway to parlor .......................................................................................... V138

†1 Yes †3 No

c. Holding pen.................................................................................................... V139

†1 Yes †3 No

d. Other (specify: ____________________)V140OTH ........................................... V140

†1 Yes †3 No

Dairy 2007 VS Initial Visit Questionnaire

7

State/Operation #: _________________

33. How would you best characterize the surface moisture of the ground
or flooring lactating cows stand on most of the time in summer and
winter seasons?
(Enter one code only for each season.)
(1) Usually dry
(2) Wet about half the time
(3) Almost always wet, but no standing water
(4) Usually standing water or slurry ...................................... V141/142

_____ code
Summer

_____ code
Winter

34. If covered freestall barns are used to house lactating cows,
which type of barn setup houses the majority of those cows?
(Check one only.)
†1 2-row
†2 3-row
†3 4-row
†4 6-row
†5 Other (specify: ___________________________)V143OTH
†6 Not housed in a covered freestall barn

V143

35. During the summer months, were the following heat abatement
methods provided to lactating and dry cows?
Lactating

Dry

a. Shade (other than inside building)..................... V144/149

†1 Yes †3 No

†1 Yes †3 No

b. Sprinklers or misters.......................................... V145/150

†1 Yes †3 No

†1 Yes †3 No

c. Fans................................................................... V146/151

†1 Yes †3 No

†1 Yes †3 No

d. Tunnel ventilation .............................................. V147/152

†1 Yes †3 No

†1 Yes †3 No

e. Other (specify: _______________)V148OTH ......... V148/153

†1 Yes †3 No

†1 Yes †3 No

Lactating

Dry

36. During the last 90 days, did you use any of the following
bedding types for lactating and dry cows?
(1)

Straw and/or hay............................................. V154/165

†1 Yes †3 No

†1 Yes †3 No

(2)

Sand................................................................ V155/166

†1 Yes †3 No

†1 Yes †3 No

(3)

Sawdust/wood products.................................. V156/167

†1 Yes †3 No

†1 Yes †3 No

(4)

Composted/dried manure ............................... V157/168

†1 Yes †3 No

†1 Yes †3 No

(5)

Rubber mats ................................................... V158/169

†1 Yes †3 No

†1 Yes †3 No

(6)

Rubber tires .................................................... V159/170

†1 Yes †3 No

†1 Yes †3 No

(7)

Shredded newspaper...................................... V160/171

†1 Yes †3 No

†1 Yes †3 No

(8)

Mattresses ...................................................... V161/172

†1 Yes †3 No

†1 Yes †3 No

(9)

Corn cobs and stalks ...................................... V162/173

†1 Yes †3 No

†1 Yes †3 No

(10) Waterbeds....................................................... V163/174

†1 Yes †3 No

†1 Yes †3 No

(11) Other (specify: ______________)V164OTH ........ V164/175

†1 Yes †3 No

†1 Yes †3 No

Dairy 2007 VS Initial Visit Questionnaire

8

State/Operation #: _________________

37. Enter the number of the bedding type (1-11) from Item 36 above
that was used primarily during the last 90 days for both
lactating and dry cows?
(Enter N/A if no bedding used.) ......................................V176/177

_____ code
Lactating

_____ code
Dry

38. During the last 90 days, did this operation feed
lactating and dry cows:
Lactating

Dry

a. Alfalfa hay/haylage? .......................................... V178/196

†1 Yes †3 No

†1 Yes †3 No

b. Corn silage?....................................................... V179/197

†1 Yes †3 No

†1 Yes †3 No

c. Clover as forage or pasture? ............................. V180/198

†1 Yes †3 No

†1 Yes †3 No

d. Whole cottonseed?............................................ V181/199

†1 Yes †3 No

†1 Yes †3 No

e. Cottonseed meal or hulls?................................. V182/200

†1 Yes †3 No

†1 Yes †3 No

f.

Whole soybeans or soybean meal? .................. V183/201

†1 Yes †3 No

†1 Yes †3 No

g. Bakery byproducts?........................................... V184/202

†1 Yes †3 No

†1 Yes †3 No

h. Brewery byproducts?......................................... V185/203

†1 Yes †3 No

†1 Yes †3 No

i.

Corn? ................................................................. V186/204

†1 Yes †3 No

†1 Yes †3 No

j.

Barley?............................................................... V187/205

†1 Yes †3 No

†1 Yes †3 No

k. Wheat? (not silage) ........................................... V188/206

†1 Yes †3 No

†1 Yes †3 No

l.

Oats? (not silage) .............................................. V189/207

†1 Yes †3 No

†1 Yes †3 No

m. Green chop? ...................................................... V190/208

†1 Yes †3 No

†1 Yes †3 No

n. Feather/poultry meal?........................................ V191/209

†1 Yes †3 No

†1 Yes †3 No

o. Fish meal? ......................................................... V192/210

†1 Yes †3 No

†1 Yes †3 No

p. Fat/tallow? ......................................................... V193/211

†1 Yes †3 No

†1 Yes †3 No

q. Porcine meat and bone meal?........................... V194/212

†1 Yes †3 No

†1 Yes †3 No

r.

†1 Yes †3 No

†1 Yes †3 No

Blood meal?....................................................... V195/213

39. For the majority of lactating cows, which best describes the feed line?
(Check one only.)
†1 Tie stall
†2 Stanchion
†3 Post and rail
†4 Head locks
†5 Elevated feed bunk in pen
†6 Other (specify: _______________________)V214OTH

Dairy 2007 VS Initial Visit Questionnaire

V214

9

State/Operation #: _________________

How many times per year
are water sources drained
and cleaned?

40. In the last 12 months, did any cows ever drink from:
a. A single cup/bowl waterer used by one cow only?... V215/220

†1 Yes †3 No

_____

b. A single cup/bowl waterer used by multiple cows? .. V216/221

†1 Yes †3 No

_____

c. A water tank or trough (covered or uncovered)?...... V217/222

†1 Yes †3 No

_____

d. A lake, pond, stream, river, etc.?.................................. V218

†1 Yes †3 No

N/A

e. Another source? (specify: ___________)V219OTH ....... V219/223

†1 Yes †3 No

_____

41. Is the water that cows drink usually chlorinated? ..................... V224

†1 Yes

†2 Don’t know †3 No

42. Which of the following best describes how lactating cows are fed?
(Check one only.)
†1 Feed all lactating cows the same ration
†2 Feed individuals or groups based on production/stage of lactation
†3 Feed individuals or groups based on lactation number
†4 Feed individuals or groups based on criteria other than production/
stage of lactation or lactation number

V225

43. Does this operation feed anionic salts (e.g., BioChlor, SoyChlor,
ammonium chloride, etc.), to prevent milk fever, to:
a. Close-up cows (cows that are close to calving)?...................................... V226

†1 Yes

†3 No

b. Springing heifers? ..................................................................................... V227

†1 Yes

†3 No

44. Does this operation separate close-up cows from other dry cows?................ V228

†1 Yes

†3 No

45. Which of the following best describes this operation’s use of
milk urea nitrogen (MUN) testing to determine ration composition?
(Check one only.)
†1 Use routinely
†2 Use only if have a problem
†3 Never use

V229

46. Permanent removals are defined as cows removed from the herd for
reasons other than death. These include cows sent to other dairies,
auction markets, or slaughter plants.
How many cows were permanently removed in the last 12 months? .......................... V230

_____

47. During an average month, how many shipments of cows does this
operation make to transport permanently removed cows to:
a. Another dairy?........................................................................................................ V231

_____

b. Market, auction, or stockyard?............................................................................... V232

_____

c.

Packer or slaughter plant? ..................................................................................... V233

_____

d. Other? (specify: ____________________)V234OTH.................................................. V234

_____

Dairy 2007 VS Initial Visit Questionnaire

10

State/Operation #: _________________

48. During the last 12 months, what percentage or how many of these
permanently removed cows were:
%

OR

# removed

a. Less than 50 days in milk? (early lactation) ................ V235/239

_____

_____

b. 50 to 199 days in milk? (mid lactation)........................ V236/240

_____

_____

c.

200 days or more in milk? (late lactation) ................... V237/241

_____

_____

d

Dry cows ..................................................................... V238/242

_____

_____

Total (should equal 100% or Item 46) ..................... V243

100%

_____

49. During the last 12 months, what percentage or how many of these
permanently removed cows were:
%

OR

# removed

a. First lactation?............................................................. V244/247

_____

_____

b. 2 to 4 lactactions? ....................................................... V245/248

_____

_____

c.

5 lactations or more?................................................... V246/249

_____

_____

Total (should equal 100% or Item 46) ..................... V250

100%

_____

Section F—Milk Quality and Milking Procedures
50. Which of the following best describes the average bulk tank somatic
cell count for milk shipped during the last 12 months?
(Check one only.)
†1 Less than 100,000 cells/ml
†2 100,000 to 199,000 cells/ml
†3 200,000 to 299,000 cells/ml
†4 300,000 to 399,000 cells/ml
†5 400,000 to 499,000 cells/ml
†6 500,000 to 599,000 cells/ml
†7 600,000 cells/ml or greater

V251

51. Who milks the majority of cows on this operation?
(Check one only.)
†1 Owner/operator
†2 Family member(s) of owner
†3 Hired worker(s) (non-family member)

Dairy 2007 VS Initial Visit Questionnaire

V252

11

State/Operation #: _________________

52. How frequently are milkers trained?
(Check one only.)
†1 No milker training
†2 Trained as new employees only
†3 1 to 2 times per year for all milkers
†4 3 to 4 times per year for all milkers
†5 More than 4 times per year for all milkers
†6 Other (specify: __________________________)V253OTH

V253

If Item 52 = 1 (No milker training), SKIP to Item 54.
53. Which of the following training methods are used on this operation for
training milkers?
a. Video training ............................................................................................ V254

†1 Yes

†3 No

b. Discussion/lecture ..................................................................................... V255

†1 Yes

†3 No

c.

On-the-job training .................................................................................... V256

†1 Yes

†3 No

d. Other training (specify: ___________________)V257OTH ............................ V257

†1 Yes

†3 No

54. How many times per day are the majority of fresh cows milked?
(Check one only.)
†1 Once a day
†2 Twice a day
†3 Three times a day
†4 More than three times a day ...................................................

V258

55. How many times per day are the majority of cows, other than fresh cows, milked?
(Check one only.)
†1 Once a day
†2 Twice a day
†3 Three times a day
†4 More than three times a day ...................................................

V259

56. Which of the following best describes how frequently forestripping
occurs on this operation?
(Check one only.)
†1 Forestrip all cows
†2 Forestrip some cows (i.e., with mastitis or fresh cows)
†3 Do not forestrip any cows

V260

If Item 56 = 3, SKIP to Item 58.
57. When is forestripping performed?
(Check one only.)
†1 Prior to teat disinfection
†2 After teat disinfection but prior to drying teats
†3 After disinfection and/or drying
Dairy 2007 VS Initial Visit Questionnaire

V261

12

State/Operation #: _________________

58. Check the specific procedure(s) that you typically use during
your premilking teat preparation routine.
(If you do not use a procedure, leave it blank.)
Only choose one specific procedure in each general method category.
If more than one procedure is checked, indicate the order in the overall routine.
PREMILKING TEAT PREPARATION ROUTINE
General
Method
Wash pen
Water hose

Dry wipe

Wet wipe

Predip

Other

Specific Procedure
Wash animals in pen prior to entering parlor
With disinfectant
Without disinfectant
Single-use cloth towel
Multiple-use cloth towel
Single-use paper towel
Multiple use paper towel
Commercial teat wipes, single use
Commercial teat wipes, multiple use
Towel using labeled disinfectant, single use
Towel using labeled disinfectant, multiple use
Towel using nonlabeled/homemade disinfectant, single use
Towel using nonlabeled/homemade disinfectant, multiple use
Multiple use sponge with disinfectant
Applied with sprayer using labeled disinfectant
Applied with sprayer using nonlabeled/homemade disinfectant
Applied with predip cup using labeled disinfectant
Applied with predip cup using nonlabeled/homemade disinfectant
Applied as foam using labeled disinfectant
Applied as foam using nonlabeled/homemade disinfectant
Other (specify:
)V282OTH

Check
all that
apply

Order
in
routine

V262

V283

V263

V284

V264

V285

V265

V286

V266

V287

V267

V288

V268

V289

V269

V290

V270

V291

V271

V292

V272

V293

V273

V294

V274

V295

V275

V296

V276

V297

V277

V298

V278

V299

V279

V300

V280

V301

V281

V302

V282

V303

59. Which of the following best describes how teats are dried
prior to milking in both summer and winter seasons?
(Enter one code only for each season.)
(1) Not applicable—teats not wet prior to milking
(2) Air dry
(3) Single-use cloth towel
(4) Single-use paper towel
(5) Multiple-use cloth towel
(6) Multiple-use paper towel
(7) Other (specify: _________________________)V304OTH.............V304/305 _____ code
Summer

Dairy 2007 VS Initial Visit Questionnaire

_____ code
Winter

13

State/Operation #: _________________

60. Which of the following best describes postmilking procedures
regarding teat disinfection in both summer and winter seasons?
(Enter one code only for each season.)
(1) Dip teats with labeled postdip product
(2) Dip teats with nonlabeled/homemade solution
(3) Spray teats with commercial postdip product
(4) Foam teats with commercial postdip product
(5) Teats covered in commercial powder product
(6) None
(7) Other (specify: __________________________)V306OTH ........... V306/307

_____ code _____ code
Summer
Winter

61. What premilking and postdip teat disinfectants does
this operation use primarily during both summer and winter seasons?
(Write in one code for each response for each season. (See attached
VS Initial Visit Reference Card for brand names.)
Codes:
1 = Iodophor (iodine containing)
2 = Chlorhexidine
3 = Fatty acid based
4 = Quaternary ammonium
5 = Phenols
6 = Chlorine product
7 = Other (specify: _________________)V308OTH
8 = None
Winter

Summer
a. Premilking teat disinfectant ............................................ V308/310

______ code

______ code

b. Postdip teat disinfectant ................................................. V309/311

______ code

______ code

62. Which of the following best describes this operation’s use of a
barrier teat dip (Blockade™, Uddergold™ 5-star)?
(Check one only.)
†1 Used on all cows on this operation all the time
†2 Used on all cows during winter or adverse weather
†3 No barrier teat dip used on this operation
†4 Other (specify: _____________________)V312OTH

V312

63. Do milkers wear latex or nitrile gloves when milking all cows?....................... V313

†1 Yes

†3 No

64. Does this operation use a backflush system in milking units? ........................ V314

†1 Yes

†3 No

65. Is the backflush system currently used for every milking? .............................. V315

†1 Yes

†3 No

66. Does this operation use automatic takeoffs? .................................................. V316

†1 Yes

†3 No

a. Using a separate milking unit from healthy cows?.................................... V317

†1 Yes

†3 No

b. In a separate string from healthy cows? ................................................ V318

†1 Yes

†3 No

If Item 64 = NO, SKIP to Item 66.

67. Are clinical mastitis cows generally milked:

Dairy 2007 VS Initial Visit Questionnaire

14

State/Operation #: _________________

68. In the last 12 months, how many cows—all, some, or none—
have been vaccinated for:
a. Coliform mastitis?............................................................ V319
Vaccines include Master Guard® J5; J5 Shield™;
J-5 bacterin™; J-5 E. coli bacterin; J-vac®

†1 All

†2 Some †3 None

b. Salmonella? .................................................................... V320
Vaccines include LeukoTox® MTD; SDT-Guard;
Pro-Bac®; Bo-Bac 2x; Pulmo-guard™ PH-M/SDT;
Cattle-val salmo; Salmonella Dublin-Typhimurium Bacterin
Endovac-Bovi®; Poly-sal™ B; Salmo shield® T;
Salmo shield® TD

†1 All

†2 Some †3 None

c.

†1 All

†2 Some †3 None

d. Mycoplasma? ................................................................. V322
Vaccines include Pulmo-guard PH-M/SDT;
Myco-Bac B; Mycomune

†1 All

†2 Some †3 None

e. Staphylococcus aureus? ................................................ V323
Vaccines include Lysigin®; Samato-Staph®;

†1 All

†2 Some †3 None

f.

†1 All

†2 Some †3 None

Siderophore receptors and porins (SRPs) vaccines?..... V321
Vaccines include Salmonella Newport Bacterial Extract SRP

Any disease using autogenous vaccines? ...................... V324

If Item 68f = NONE, SKIP to Item 70.
69. Were autogenous vaccines administered for the following mastitis pathogens?
a. Mycoplasma ........................................................................................... V325

†1 Yes

†3 No

b. Staph. aureus ........................................................................................ V326

†1 Yes

†3 No

c.

.................................................................................................. V327

†1 Yes

†3 No

d. Strep. spp............................................................................................... V328

†1 Yes

†3 No

e. Other (specify: _________________________)V329OTH.......................... V329

†1 Yes

†3 No

a. Individual cows ...................................................................................... V330

†1 Yes

†3 No

b. Bulk-tank milk......................................................................................... V331

†1 Yes

†3 No

c.

†1 Yes

†3 No

a. Farm personnel, done on farm?............................................................. V333

†1 Yes

†3 No

b. A State or university diagnostic laboratory? .......................................... V334

†1 Yes

†3 No

c.

A commercial lab.................................................................................... V335

†1 Yes

†3 No

d. A private veterinary lab (veterinary clinic) .............................................. V336

†1 Yes

†3 No

E. coli

70. Were any of the following milk cultures performed during the last 12 months?

String samples ...................................................................................... V332

If Items 70a-c are all NO, SKIP to Item 74.
71. In the last 12 months, were any of the milk cultures performed by:

If Item 70a = NO (no individual cow milk cultures performed), SKIP to Item 73.

Dairy 2007 VS Initial Visit Questionnaire

15

State/Operation #: _________________

72. In the last 12 months, which cows were typically selected for milk culturing?
a. Fresh cows............................................................................................. V337

†1 Yes

†3 No

b. All clinical cases ..................................................................................... V338

†1 Yes

†3 No

c.

Chronic clinical cases............................................................................. V339

†1 Yes

†3 No

d. Clinical cases that did not respond to treatment.................................... V340

†1 Yes

†3 No

e. High somatic cell count cows ................................................................ V341

†1 Yes

†3 No

f.

†1 Yes

†3 No

a. Strep. agalactiae .................................................................................... V343

†1 Yes

†3 No

b. Staph. aureus......................................................................................... V344

†1 Yes

†3 No

c.

Mycoplasma ........................................................................................... V345

†1 Yes

†3 No

d. E. coli / Klebsiella / other gram negative................................................ V346

†1 Yes

†3 No

e. Coagulase neg staph (Staph. spp.) non-aureus .................................... V347

†1 Yes

†3 No

f.

Environmental strep (Strep. spp.) non-agalactiae ................................. V348

†1 Yes

†3 No

74. Does this operation perform on-farm antibiotic residue testing of milk?...... V349

†1 Yes

†3 No

Other (specify: ____________________________)V342OTH.................... V342

73. Which of the following organisms were identified from milk cultured
in the last 12 months?

If Item 74 = NO, skip to Item 77.
75. Which test is most commonly used on this operation to screen
for antibiotic residues in milk?
(Check one only.)
†1 Snap® kit (beta lactam or tetracycline)
†2 Delvotest®
†3 CITE Probe®
†4 Charm Farm
†5 Penzyme® Milk Test
†6 Other (specify: ______________________)V350OTH

V350

76. Are milk samples evaluated for antibiotic residues from:
a. Fresh cows?.............................................................................................. V351

†1 Yes

†3 No

b. Individual cows recently treated for mastitis? .......................................... V352

†1 Yes

†3 No

c.

Bulk tank prior to processor pickup?......................................................... V353

†1 Yes

†3 No

d. Other? (specify: _______________________)V354OTH............................... V354

†1 Yes

†3 No

77. Does this operation use an external teat sealant (e.g., Stronghold™)
at the time of dry off?
[Check one only.]
†1 On all cows at drying off
†2 Cows with chronic mastitis
†3 Use on all cows at drying off but only during winter or adverse weather
†4 No external teat sealant used on this operation
†5 Other (specify: _____________________)V355OTH
Dairy 2007 VS Initial Visit Questionnaire

V355

16

State/Operation #: _________________

78. Does this operation use an internal teat sealant (Orbeseal™) at the time of drying off?
[Check one only.]
†1 On all cows at drying off
†2 Cows with chronic mastitis
†3 Use on all cows at drying off but only during winter or adverse weather
†4 No internal teat sealant used on this operation
†5 Other (specify: _____________________)V356OTH
79. During the last 12 months, approximately what percentage of cows
were treated with dry cow intramammary antibiotics at drying off? ......................... V357

V356

_____ %

If Item 79 = 0, SKIP to Item 81.
80. Of those cows treated during the last 12 months with dry cow intramammary
antibiotics, what percentage were given the following antibiotics?
(See attached VS Initial Visit Reference Card.)
a. Ceftiofur hydrochloride (Spectramast DC) .......................................................... V358

_____ %

b. Cephapirin (benzathine) (Cefa-Dri®/Tomorrow)................................................. V359

_____ %

c.

Cloxacillin (benzathine)
(Boviclox; Dry-Clox®; Dry-Clox® Intramammary Infusion; Orbenin-DC®) ......... V360

_____ %

d. Erythromycin (Gallimycin®-Dry).......................................................................... V361

_____ %

e. Novobiocin (Biodry®) .......................................................................................... V362

_____ %

f.

Penicillin G (procaine) (Hanford’s/US Vet Go Dry) ............................................. V363

_____ %

g. Penicillin G (procaine)/Dihydrostreptomycin
(Quartermaster® Dry Cow Treatment)................................................................ V364

_____ %

h. Penicillin G (procaine)/ Novobiocin (Albadry® Plus Suspension)....................... V365

_____ %

Other (specify: __________________________________)V366OTH .................... V366

_____ %

Total (should equal 100% ).................................................................................

100%

i.

Dairy 2007 VS Initial Visit Questionnaire

17

State/Operation #: _________________

Section G—Antibiotic Use
81. In the last 12 months, did this operation use antibiotics for
disease prevention or growth promotion in
rations for weaned dairy heifers that have not yet calved?
(Check one only.)
†1 Weaned dairy heifers not housed on this operation
†2 Yes; antibiotics in heifer ration
†3 Don’t know if antibiotics were in heifer rations
†4 No; antibiotics were not in heifer rations

V367

If YES, which of the following antibiotics were used?
(See attached VS Initial Visit Reference Card.)
a. Bacitracin methylene disalicylate ............................................................ V368

†1 Yes

†3 No

b. Bambermycins ......................................................................................... V369

†1 Yes

†3 No

c.

Chlortetracycline compounds .................................................................. V370

†1 Yes

†3 No

d. Neomycin sulfate ..................................................................................... V371

†1 Yes

†3 No

e. Ionophores (e.g., Rumensin®, Bovatec®, Deccox®).............................. V372

†1 Yes

†3 No

f.

Neomycin-oxytetracycline........................................................................ V373

†1 Yes

†3 No

g. Oxytetracycline compounds .................................................................... V374

†1 Yes

†3 No

h. Sulfamethazine ........................................................................................ V375

†1 Yes

†3 No

i.

Tylosin phosphate ................................................................................... V376

†1 Yes

†3 No

j.

Virginiamycin ........................................................................................... V377

†1 Yes

†3 No

k.

Other antibiotics (specify: __________________)V378OTH ........................ V378

†1 Yes

†3 No

Dairy 2007 VS Initial Visit Questionnaire

18

State/Operation #: _________________

82. Complete the table below on antibiotics used in the last 12 months
to treat diseases or disorders in unweaned heifers, heifers weaned
but not yet calved, and all cows. (This does NOT apply
to dry cow treatments and to preventive treatments.)
(See attached VS Initial Visit Reference Card.)
If antibiotic is not listed, please write in name and active ingredient.

Disease or
disorder
Respiratory
Unweaned
Heifers

Diarrhea or
other digestive
Navel infection
Other (specify)
V382OTH

Heifers
weaned but
not yet calved

Respiratory
Diarrhea or
other digestive
Other (specify)
V385OTH

All cows

Respiratory
Diarrhea or
other digestive
Reproductive
Mastitis
Lameness
Other (specify)
V391OTH

Number of
affected animals
in the last 12
months

Number of
affected
animals treated
with
ANTIBIOTICS

Primary ANTIBIOTIC
used
(Enter 1 code from
attached list.)

V379

V392

V405

V380

V393

V406

V381

V394

V407

V382

V395

V408

V383

V396

V409

V384

V397

V410

V385

V398

V411

V386

V399

V412

V387

V400

V413

V388

V401

V414

V389

V402

V415

V390

V403

V416

V391

V404

V417

83. Of lactating cows treated for mastitis in the last 12 months with intramammary
antibiotics, were treatments based on:
a. Veterinary recommendation?................................................................. V418

†1 Yes

†3 No

b. Historical effectiveness? ........................................................................ V419

†1 Yes

†3 No

c.

Historical culture and antimicrobial sensitivity results?.......................... V420

†1 Yes

†3 No

d. Individual cow culture results prior to therapy?...................................... V421

†1 Yes

†3 No

e. Other? (specify: _____________________)V422OTH................................ V422

†1 Yes

†3 No

NOTE: If the Producer is currently enrolled in DHIA, please ask for a copy of the DHIA summary
sheet. Either mark out or cut off the Producer’s identification and replace it with the NAHMS ID
number. Submit the sheet with the questionnaire. Data from the DHIA summary sheet will be used
to collect additional information that isn’t gathered during the interview. Providing the DHIA
summary reduces the amount of interview time required to obtain the additional information.

Dairy 2007 VS Initial Visit Questionnaire

19

State/Operation #: _________________

Office Use Only
State FIPS:__________
2-digits

Operation #:_________
4-digits

Interviewer:___________ Date:
/
/
Initials
(mm/dd/yy)

1. Total time for interview (include time to discuss the program
and complete the questionnaire). If more than one data collector present,
enter the combined time..................................................................................................

_____ min

VITIME

2. Total travel time (round trip). If more than one data collector present,
enter the combined time..................................................................................................

_____ min

VTTIME

3. Data collector(s): (Enter the number for each category.)
____ Federal VMO
____ Federal AHT
____ State personnel

____ Other (specify)

4. Enter response code 99 if questionnaire is completed or enter
one code of 0-7 that best describes the reason why the owner
is not participating...........................................................................................................

VVMO/VAHT/VST/VOTH

_____ code

VRCO

99 = Survey completed
00 = Producer not contacted by VMO
01 = Poor time of year or no time
02 = Does not want anyone on operation
03 = Bad experience with government veterinarians
04 = Does not want to do another survey or divulge information
05 = Told NASS they did not want to be contacted
06 = Ineligible (no dairy cows)
07 = Other reason (explain below)
5. Producer data quality..................................................

†1 Good to Excellent

†3 Poor

VPDQ

†1 Yes †3 No

VREC

†2 Not on DHIA †3 No

VDHIA

6. Did the Producer use written or computerized records
to assist in answering this survey? .......................................................................
7. Did the Producer provide a copy of the DHIA summary sheet?....

†1 Yes

8. Which of the following best describes the respondent’s position
with this operation?...............................................................................................

†2 OK

_____ code

VPOS

1 = Owner
2 = Manager
3 = Family member (other than owner or manager)
4 = Other hired employee
5 = Other (specify: _______________________________)VPOSOTH
Comments regarding this questionnaire or operation:

VMO or AHT Signature:___________________________________________________

TO BE COMPLETED BY THE COORDINATOR:
Field data quality .....................................................................

Dairy 2007 VS Initial Visit Questionnaire

†1 Good to Excellent

†2 OK

†3 Poor

20

VFDQ