Commercial Motor Vehicle Driver Risk Factor Study

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Commercial Motor Vehicle Driver Risk Factor Study

OMB: 2126-0043

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PHASE 2 and 3 INFORMATION COLLECTION MEASURES

Phase 2 includes a 20-minute interview and a 30-minute paper-and-pencil (or online) questionnaire. These documents are presented in their entirety on the following pages, however, the content of each is described briefly below.

Telephone Interview Content

The telephone interview is designed to obtain demographic information about the participant, as well as basic medical, behavioral, and life history information known to be relevant to driving safety. This includes:

Age
Gender
Height/Weight
Waist and Neck Size (for calculating Body Mass Index)
Marital Status
Number of Children
Education
Primary Language
Driving Experience
Carrier Description
Driving Exposure (Day and Night)
Safety Belt Use
Crash and Violation History
Driver Training
Medical History
Medication Use (Note: A list of common prescription medications will be adapted into the interview instrument to guide the interviewer. This list will be inserted once the FMCSA Physical Qualifications Division makes it available to the study team (list awaiting approval by its Medical Review Board on April 25, 2007)
Sleeping Habits
Caffeine Intake
Healthy Lifestyle Habits (Alcohol and Tobacco Use, Exercise, and Diet)

Questionnaire Content

The written/online questionnaire is designed to assess various aspects of personality and self-reported risky driving behaviors.

The first 57 items are from the International Personality Item Pool, which is a validated measure of the “Big Five” personality traits. The Big Five are considered the basis of human personality, and research supports this model as predictive of a wide range of behaviors. The Big Five traits are Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Neuroticism, and Openness to Experience. Several “lie scale” items are also presented in this first section. These items help determine if a respondent is attempting to appear in a favorable light or is otherwise not responding truthfully.

The second section includes 27 items assessing various aspects of one’s driving behavior, including hostility felt and expressed while driving. Research has shown hostility is associated with vehicle crashes.

The third section includes 21 items assessing one’s level of sensation seeking. Individuals who score highly on this measure tend to take more risks, seek excitement, and get bored more easily than individuals who score low on this measure. Past research supports the notion that individuals who take more risks and seek external stimulation from sensation seeking are more likely to experience an injury or be involved in a crash.

The fourth and final section includes 18 items related to one’s overall satisfaction at work. Research suggests that individuals who are disgruntled or otherwise unsatisfied with their work may be more prone to crash involvement than those who are satisfied with their work. For example, unsatisfied individuals may not exercise the same level of care in their work-related behavior, which may lead to crash involvement.

OMB NO: 2126-XXXX
EXPIRATION DATE: mm/dd/yyyy

A federal agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to, nor shall a person be subject to a penalty for failure to comply with a collection of information subject to the requirements of the Paperwork Reduction Act unless that collection of information displays a current valid OMB Control Number. The OMB Control Number for this information collection is 2126-XXXX. Public reporting for this collection of information is estimated to be approximately 20 minutes per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, gathering the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. All responses to this collection of information are voluntary. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden to: Information Collection Clearance Officer, Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, MC-RRA, Washington, D.C. 20590.

_____________________________________________________________________

Driver Risk Factor Study

TELEPHONE INTERVIEW SCRIPT

Hi, this is [your name] from the Virginia Tech Transportation Institute, can I speak with [driver’s name]. We are conducting a study of commercial vehicle drivers and would like to ask for your participation. You should have received some information about the study in the mail. Do you recall having received anything about this study?

If the person says “yes”, ask if they have any questions, then continue with the script below.

If the person says “no”, apologize and say Let me tell you about the study.

The purpose of this study is to explore how personality, attitudes, medical conditions, etc. relate to driving safety. If you would like to participate, we would ask you to complete a 20-minute telephone interview, which we could complete today, as well as a 30-minute written questionnaire we would mail you or you could take on the Internet. You will be paid $20 for completing the telephone interview, and $30 for completing the questionnaire that will be mailed to you. The first check for $20 would be included in the package we mail you with the written questionnaire, and the second check for $30 would be mailed to you once we receive the completed written questionnaire back from you.

Your responses to the telephone interview and written questionnaire are strictly confidential. Your participation or non-participation will not affect your standing within your company. We have obtained a Certificate of Confidentiality from the Federal government for this study, meaning your confidentiality is protected by law and will not be shared with anyone, even if there is a court subpoena. Further, we will not include your name on any of the study materials. Instead, you will be assigned a study number which will help us link your telephone interview responses to your written questionnaire responses. Your participation is voluntary, and you may withdraw at any time without experiencing any negative consequences.

If you would like to participate, we could begin today with the telephone survey. Is this a good time for you?

If NO, then:

Is there a better time to reach you? Record their response and call back at the time indicated. If the driver indicates s/he does not want to participate, thank him/her and hang up.

If Yes, then:

Great, before we get started, do you have any questions? Answer participant’s questions. If you cannot answer a question, write it down and tell the participant you will call them back with an answer. Contact Jeff or Doug to get the answer.

If the individual has no questions, say: OK, let’s begin.Please answer each of the following items as honestly as possible. THERE ARE NO RIGHT OR WRONG ANSWERS.

Date: _______________
Age: __________years
Gender: Male Female
Height: _____ft _____in
Weight: __________lbs
Waist size: _________ inches
Neck size: _________ inches
What is your marital status? Single Married Divorced Widowed
If Married, how long have you been married? ______
Do you have any children [includes step-children]? Yes No
How many years of school have you completed? [High school diploma = 12] ___________
What is the highest academic degree you have earned? ____________________
Is English your primary language? Yes No
1. If no, what is your primary language? ___________________
How long have you been driving commercial vehicles? _____years _____months
How long have you been working for your current employer? _____years _____months

Type of license and endorsements held:

License: _______________

Endorsements: Hazardous Materials

Tanker Vehicle

Bus Passenger

School Bus

Double/Triple Trailers

Combination HazMat/Trailer

What is your company’s operation type?

For hire: long-haul/truckload

For hire: long-haul/LTL

For hire: short-haul/regional

Private/long-haul

Private: short-haul

Pick-up & delivery

Other:_____________________

Over the past three years, what has been your primary operation?

For hire: long-haul/truckload

For hire: long-haul/LTL

For hire: short-haul/regional

Private/long-haul

Private: short-haul

Pick-up & delivery

Other:_____________________

About how many miles a year of commercial driving do you currently do?

__________ miles/year

Over the past three years, about how many miles a year of commercial driving have you averaged? ______________ miles/year

Currently, about what percent of your driving is at night [6pm-6am]? __________%

Over the past three years, about what percent of your driving has been at night?__________%
When driving your personal vehicle, do you usually wear a seat belt? Yes No

When driving a commercial vehicle, do you usually wear a seat belt? Yes No

Over the past three years, have you had any crashes in any vehicle? [include any crash reported to police, insurance company, and/or carrier.] Yes No

[For each crash, check the type of vehicle and fault status]:

	Commercial Vehicle	Personal Vehicle	At-Fault	Not At-Fault	Crash Type/Role
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Over the past three years, have you had any moving violations in any vehicle?
Yes No

[For each violation, check the type of vehicle and write the violation type]:

	Commercial Vehicle	Personal Vehicle	Violation Type
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Over the past three years, have you been put out-of-service in any roadside inspection?
Yes No

[For each OOS]: Reason: vehicle [brakes, tires, etc.] or driver [hours-of-service, log violation, etc.]?

	Vehicle Violation	Driver Violation
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Have you gone to truck driver training school? Yes No

If yes, how long was the training, in weeks? __________weeks

Prior to your first commercial driving job, did you receive any other commercial driver training? This includes informal training such as a friend or relative teaching you how to drive a truck.

Yes No

If yes, how long was the training? ___________ hours/days/weeks (circle)

How much on-the-job training have you received? ______________ (convert to days/weeks)

CONTINUE TO THE NEXT SECTION

Okay, now I’m going to ask you some questions about your medical history.

Do you or have you had any of the following medical conditions in the past 3 years?

Diabetes Yes No
High Blood Pressure Yes No
Heart disease (heart attack or other

problem with your heart) Yes No

Epilepsy or other medical condition

that causes seizures Yes No

Stroke or bad problem with circulation

(where you lose feeling in your hands,

feet, legs or arms) Yes No

Mental illness for which you take a

medication (like Lithium) Yes No

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Yes No
Missing limb, hand or foot Yes No
1. Specify: ____________________________
Chronic back pain Yes No

If yes …. Mild Moderate Severe

Asthma or other respiratory conditions Yes No

If yes …. Mild Moderate Severe

Migraine or other severe headaches Yes No

If yes …. Mild Moderate Severe

Musculoskeletal disease (like arthritis) Yes No

If yes …. Mild Moderate Severe

Other medical condition(s) Yes No
1. Specify: ____________________________

If yes to any of the above, ask the participant to clarify whether it affects their driving. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Do you have normal or corrected to normal hearing? Yes No

If no, please clarify: _____________________________________________________________

Do you have normal or corrected to normal vision? Yes No

If no, please clarify: _____________________________________________________________

Are you currently taking any prescription medications on a regular basis? Yes No

If yes, please tell me what medications you take and what conditions they are for [example: Lipitor for high cholesterol] As indicated above, a list of common prescription medications will be inserted here to guide the interviewer once the list is made available by the Medical Review Board) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Do you currently take any non-prescription medications on a regular basis?

Yes No

If yes, please tell me what medications you take and what conditions they are for [example: Tylenol PM for sleeping] ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

I will now ask you some questions about your sleeping habits. On a scale from 1 to 10, where “1” means “NONE” and “10” means “SEVERE”, to what extent do you currently experience the following?

None Moderate Severe

Snoring 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Difficulty Falling Asleep 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Difficulty Staying Asleep 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Difficulty Waking Up 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Daytime Sleepiness 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Have you ever been diagnosed with or suffer from any of the following?

Sleep Apnea Yes No If Yes, Mild Moderate Severe

Insomnia Yes No If Yes, Mild Moderate Severe

In general, do you keep a regular sleep schedule? Yes Sometimes No

Overall, about how many hours of actual sleep do you usually get in a 24-hour period? ________

What kind of sleeper do you consider yourself? Light Normal Heavy

Do you often feel uncomfortably sleepy during the day? Yes No

If yes, how often? _______________

Do you often have an irresistible urge to sleep or fall asleep unexpectedly? Yes No

If yes, how often? _______________

Do you usually nap during the day (or between major sleep periods)? [Note: Naps may be of any duration.] Yes No

Do you drink coffee or other caffeinated beverages [If asked, specify tea, Coke, Pepsi, Mountain Dew, etc. Also, if asked, caffeine pills such as “No Doz” can be included]

Yes No

If yes, how many cups/glasses per day? __________________

Do you drink alcohol? Yes No

If yes, how often? _______________
If yes, how many alcoholic drinks do you average in a day? ____________

Do you currently smoke cigarettes or use other tobacco products? Yes No

When you are not working, do you find time to exercise? Yes No

If yes, how often? _______________

How would you describe your diet? Poor Average Excellent

That was the end of the telephone interview. Thank you for participating. A check for $20 will be mailed to your home address along with the written questionnaire I mentioned earlier. If you have any questions or concerns in the meantime, you can contact me at (540) 231-15XX. Again, thank you for your participation.

OMB NO: 2126-XXXX
EXPIRATION DATE: mm/dd/yyyy

A federal agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to, nor shall a person be subject to a penalty for failure to comply with a collection of information subject to the requirements of the Paperwork Reduction Act unless that collection of information displays a current valid OMB Control Number. The OMB Control Number for this information collection is 2126-XXXX. Public reporting for this collection of information is estimated to be approximately 30 minutes per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, gathering the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. All responses to this collection of information are voluntary. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden to: Information Collection Clearance Officer, Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, MC-RRA, Washington, D.C. 20590.

_____________________________________________________________________

Subject # ___________

Commercial Motor Vehicle Driver Questionnaire

Virginia Tech Transportation Institute

Thank you for taking the time to complete this questionnaire. Your responses will be kept strictly confidential, so please do not write your name or other identifying information on this document. Please be candid and honest when completing this questionnaire. There are no right or wrong answers. If you cannot decide on an answer or are uncomfortable about the question, you may leave it blank. There are four sections to this questionnaire. Please read the instructions for each section carefully.

Section I. Below are 57 statements regarding your opinions of yourself. Read each statement carefully. For each statement choose the response that best represents your opinion of yourself by marking an “X” through the box to the left of the response.

I am the life of the party.