Stat/A

§§ 28.520–28.525

46 CFR Ch. I (10–1–12 Edition)

(e) For the tests described in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, a vessel must be complete in all respects,
except that machinery which would be
damaged by water may be replaced
with equivalent fixed weight in the
same location as the machinery it replaces. The vessel must be loaded with
weight to represent the most adverse
loading condition. The most adverse
loading condition normally includes
the maximum weight of fish in its
highest possible location. Weights
must be substituted for operating personnel at 165 pounds (734 Newtons) per
individual and may be substituted for
fishing gear. The substitute weights
may be located transversely so that
the vessel floats level prior to being
submerged. The two largest air chambers, or compartments of a decked vessel not used as fuel tanks, that contribute buoyancy to the vessel must be
flooded.
(f) For the test described in paragraph (d) of this section, a vessel must
be complete and loaded as described in
paragraph (e) of this section, except
that the center of gravity of the equivalent maximum fish load must be located to one side of the vessel’s centerline by a distance equal to one-fifth of
the maximum transverse dimension of
the fish storage space.
[CGD 88–079, 56 FR 40393, Aug. 14, 1991, as
amended by USCG-2004–18884, 69 FR 58344,
Sept. 30, 2004]

§§ 28.520–28.525

[Reserved]

§ 28.530 Stability instructions.
(a) Intent. The intent of this section
is to ensure that vessel masters and individuals in charge of vessels are provided with enough stability information to allow them to maintain their
vessel in a satisfactory stability condition. The rules provide maximum flexibility for owners and qualified individuals to determine how this information
is conveyed, taking into consideration
decisions by operating personnel must
be made quickly and that few operating personnel in the commercial fishing industry have had specialized training in stability. Therefore, stability instructions should take into account
the conditions a vessel may reasonably
be expected to encounter and provide

simple guidance for the operating personnel to deal with these situations.
(b) Each vessel must be provided with
stability instructions which provide
the master or individual in charge of
the vessel with loading constraints and
operating restrictions which maintain
the vessel in a condition which meets
the applicable stability requirements
of this subpart.
(c) Stability instructions must be developed by a qualified individual.
(d) Stability instructions must be in
a format easily understood by the master or individual in charge of the vessel. Units of measure, language, and
rigor of calculations in the stability instructions must be consistent with the
ability of the master or the individual
in charge of the vessel. The format of
the stability instructions may include,
at the owner’s discretion, any of the
following:
(1) Simple loading instructions;
(2) A simple loading diagram with instructions;
(3) A stability booklet with sample
calculations; or
(4) Any other appropriate format for
providing stability instructions.
(e) Stability instructions must be developed based on the vessel’s individual
characteristics and may include the
following, as appropriate for the format chosen for presentation:
(1) A general description of the vessel, including lightweight data;
(2) Instructions on the use of the information;
(3) General arrangement plans showing watertight compartments, closures,
vents, downflooding angles, and allowable weights;
(4) Loading restrictions, such as diagrams, tables, descriptions or maximum KG curves;
(5) Sample loading conditions;
(6) General precautions for preventing unintentional flooding;
(7) Capacity plan or tank sounding
tables showing tank and hold capacities, centers of gravity, and free surface effects;
(8) A rapid and simple means for evaluating any specific loading condition;
(9) The amount and location of fixed
ballast;

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Coast Guard, DHS

§ 28.545

(10) Any other necessary guidance for
maintaining adequate stability under
normal and emergency conditions;
(11) A general description of the stability criteria that are used in developing the instructions;
(12) Guidance on the use of roll limitation devices such as stabilizers; and
(13) Any other information the owner
feels is important to the stability and
operation of the vessel.
§ 28.535 Inclining test.
(a) Except as provided in paragraphs
(b) and (c) of this section, each vessel
for which the lightweight displacement
and centers of gravity must be determined in order to do the calculations
required in this subpart must have an
inclining test performed.
(b) A deadweight survey may be substituted for the inclining test, if there
is a record of an inclining test of a sister vessel. A vessel qualifies as a sister
vessel if it is built to the same basic
drawings and the undocumented weight
difference between the two vessels is
less than 3 percent of the lightweight
displacement of the vessel which was
inclined and the location of the longitudinal center of gravity differs less
than 1 percent of the vessel’s length.
(c) A deadweight survey may be substituted for the inclining test, or the
inclining test may be dispensed with, if
an accurate estimate of the vessel’s
lightweight characteristics can be
made and the precise location of the
position of the vessel’s vertical center
of gravity is not necessary to ensure
that the vessel has adequate stability
in all probable loading conditions.
(d) ASTM F 1321 (incorporated by reference, see § 28.40), with the exception
of Annexes A and B, may be used as
guidance for any inclining test or deadweight survey conducted under this
section.
[CGD 88–079, 56 FR 40393, Aug. 14, 1991, as
amended by USCG-1999–5151, 64 FR 67176, Dec.
1, 1999]

§ 28.540 Free surface.
(a) When doing the stability calculations required by this subpart, the virtual rise in the vessel’s vertical center
of gravity due to liquids in tanks must
be considered by calculating the following—

(1) For each type of consumable liquid, the maximum free surface effect of
a tank, or a transverse pair of tanks,
having the greatest free surface effect,
in addition to a correction for service
tanks; and
(2) The free surface effect of each partially filled tank and hold containing a
liquid that is not a consumable or containing fish or a fish product that can
shift as the vessel heels. This should
include correction for any loose water
within the vessel’s hull associated with
the processing of fish.
(b) The free surface effect of tanks
fitted with cross connection piping
must be calculated assuming the tanks
are one common tank, unless valves
that will be kept closed to prevent the
transfer of liquids as the vessel heels
are installed in the piping.
(c) The moment of transference
method may be used in lieu of the inertia method when calculating free surface effects.
§ 28.545 Intact stability
lifting gear.

when

using

(a) Each vessel which lifts a weight
over the side, or that uses fishing gear
that can impose an overturning moment on the vessel, such as trawls and
seines, must meet the requirements of
this section if that maximum heeling
moment exceeds 0.67(W)(GM)(F/B), in
foot-long tons (meter-metric tons),
where:
W=displacement of the vessel with
the lifted weight or the force on the
fishing gear included, in long tons
(metric tons);
GM=metacentric height with the lifted weight or force on the fishing gear
included, in feet (meters);
F=freeboard to the lowest weather
deck, measured at amidships in feet
(meters); and
B=maximum beam, in feet (meters).
(b) Except as provided in paragraph
(f) of this section, each vessel must
meet the requirements of § 28.570 or
have at least 15 foot-degrees (0.080
meter-radians) of area under the righting arm curve, after correcting the
righting arms for the heeling arm
caused by lifting or fishing gear, from
the angle of equilibrium to the least of
the following:

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