Crop Production - Monthly Report

Crop Production
ISSN: 1936-3737

Released November 9, 2017, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department
of Agriculture (USDA).

Corn Production Up 2 Percent from October Forecast
Soybean Production Down Less Than 1 Percent
Cotton Production Up 1 Percent
Orange Production Down 4 Percent
Corn production is forecast at 14.6 billion bushels, down 4 percent from last year but up 2 percent from the October
forecast. Based on conditions as of November 1, yields are expected to average 175.4 bushels per acre, up 3.6 bushels
from the October forecast and up 0.8 bushel from 2016. If realized, this will be the highest yield on record for the
United States. Area harvested for grain is forecast at 83.1 million acres, unchanged from the previous estimate but down
4 percent from 2016.
Soybean production is forecast at a record 4.43 billion bushels, down less than 1 percent from October but up 3 percent
from last year. Based on November 1 conditions, yields are expected to average 49.5 bushels per acre, unchanged from
last month but down 2.5 bushels from last year. Area for harvest in the United States is forecast at a record high
89.5 million acres, unchanged from last month.
All cotton production is forecast at 21.4 million 480-pound bales, up 1 percent from October and up 25 percent from last
year. Yield is expected to average 900 pounds per harvested acre, up 11 pounds from last month and up 33 pounds from
last year. If realized, the cotton yield forecast for the Nation will be the highest yield on record. Upland cotton production
is forecast at 20.7 million 480-pound bales, up 24 percent from 2016. Pima cotton production, forecast at 727,000 bales,
was carried forward from an earlier forecast.
The United States all orange forecast for the 2017-2018 season is 4.16 million tons, down 4 percent from last month and
down 19 percent from the 2016-2017 final utilization. The Florida all orange forecast, at 50.0 million boxes
(2.25 million tons), is down 7 percent from last month and down 27 percent from last season’s final utilization. Early,
midseason, and Navel varieties in Florida are forecast at 21.0 million boxes (945,000 tons), down 9 percent from last
month and down 36 percent from last season’s final utilization. The Florida Valencia orange forecast, at
29.0 million boxes (1.31 million tons), is down 6 percent from last month and down 19 percent from last season’s final
utilization. California and Texas orange production forecasts were carried forward from the previous month.

This report was approved on November 9, 2017.

Secretary of Agriculture
Designate
Ted A. McKinney

2

Agricultural Statistics Board
Chairperson
Joseph L. Parsons

Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Contents
Corn for Grain Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2016 and Forecasted
November 1, 2017 ................................................................................................................................................................... 5
Corn Production – United States Chart ................................................................................................................................... 6
Sorghum for Grain Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2016 and Forecasted
November 1, 2017 ................................................................................................................................................................... 6
Rice Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2016 and Forecasted November 1, 2017 .............. 7
Rice Production by Class – United States: 2016 and Forecasted November 1, 2017 ............................................................. 7
Soybean Production – United States Chart ............................................................................................................................. 7
Soybeans for Beans Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2016 and Forecasted
November 1, 2017 ................................................................................................................................................................... 8
Peanut Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2016 and Forecasted
November 1, 2017 ................................................................................................................................................................... 9
Cottonseed Production – United States: 2016 and Forecasted November 1, 2017 ................................................................. 9
Cotton Production – United States Chart ................................................................................................................................ 9
Cotton Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Type – States and United States: 2016 and Forecasted
November 1, 2017 ................................................................................................................................................................. 10
Sugarbeet Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2016 and Forecasted
November 1, 2017 ................................................................................................................................................................. 11
Sugarcane for Sugar and Seed Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2016 and
Forecasted November 1, 2017 .............................................................................................................................................. 11
Utilized Production of Citrus Fruits by Crop – States and United States: 2016-2017 and Forecasted
November 1, 2017 ................................................................................................................................................................. 12
Fall Potato Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2016 and Forecasted
November 1, 2017 ................................................................................................................................................................. 13
Potato Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – Alaska: 2016-2017 ............................................................... 13
Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units – United States: 2016 and 2017 ................... 14
Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units – United States: 2016 and 2017 ....................... 16
Fruits and Nuts Production in Domestic Units – United States: 2017 and 2018 .................................................................. 18
Fruits and Nuts Production in Metric Units – United States: 2017 and 2018 ....................................................................... 19
Corn for Grain Plant Population per Acre – Selected States: 2013-2017 ............................................................................. 20
Corn for Grain Number of Ears per Acre – Selected States: 2013-2017 .............................................................................. 21
Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

3

Corn Objective Yield Percent of Samples Processed in the Lab – United States: 2013-2017 .............................................. 21
Corn for Grain Percentage Distribution by Plant Population Per Acre – Selected States: 2013-2017 ................................. 22
Corn for Grain Frequency of Farmer Reported Row Widths – Selected States: 2013-2017 ................................................ 23
Corn for Grain Percentage Distribution by Measured Row Width and Average Row Width – Selected
States: 2013-2017 .................................................................................................................................................................. 24
Cotton Cumulative Boll Counts – Selected States: 2013-2017 ............................................................................................. 25
Soybean Pods with Beans per 18 Square Feet – Selected States: 2013-2017 ....................................................................... 26
Soybean Frequency of Farmer Reported Row Widths – Selected States: 2013-2017 .......................................................... 27
Soybean Objective Yield Percent of Samples Processed in the Lab – United States: 2013-2017 ........................................ 28
Soybean Percentage Distribution by Measured Row Width and Average Row Width – Selected
States: 2013-2017 .................................................................................................................................................................. 29
Percent of Fall Potatoes Planted to Major Varieties – Selected States: 2017 Crop............................................................... 32
Percent of Fall Potatoes Planted to Major Varieties – Seven-State Total: 2017 Crop .......................................................... 33
Fall Potato Number of Hills by Type – Selected States: 2013-2017 ..................................................................................... 34
Fall Potato Harvest Loss by Type – Selected States: 2013-2017 .......................................................................................... 35
Fall Potato Grading Categories by Type – Selected States: 2016 and 2017 ......................................................................... 36
Round Potato Size Categories by Type – Selected States: 2016 and 2017 ........................................................................... 37
Long Potato (Russet and Shepody) Size Categories – Maine: 2016 and 2017 ..................................................................... 38
All Long Potato Size Categories – Selected States: 2016 and 2017 ..................................................................................... 38
Percent of Normal Precipitation Map.................................................................................................................................... 39
Departure from Normal Temperature Map ........................................................................................................................... 39
October Weather Summary ................................................................................................................................................... 40
October Agricultural Summary ............................................................................................................................................. 40
Crop Comments .................................................................................................................................................................... 42
Statistical Methodology......................................................................................................................................................... 46
Reliability of November 1 Crop Production Forecasts ......................................................................................................... 48
Information Contacts ............................................................................................................................................................. 49

4

Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Corn for Grain Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2016 and Forecasted
November 1, 2017
Area harvested
State

Yield per acre

2016

2017

2016
(bushels)

Production

2017
October 1

November 1

(bushels)

(bushels)

2016

2017

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 bushels)

(1,000 bushels)

Alabama .........................
Arkansas ........................
California ........................
Colorado .........................
Delaware ........................
Georgia ..........................
Idaho ..............................
Illinois .............................
Indiana ...........................
Iowa ................................

315
745
100
1,170
164
340
100
11,450
5,470
13,500

235
595
100
1,270
170
250
100
11,050
5,220
12,900

120.0
171.0
185.0
137.0
170.0
165.0
188.0
197.0
173.0
203.0

170.0
179.0
184.0
145.0
190.0
184.0
210.0
192.0
173.0
191.0

165.0
179.0
184.0
148.0
186.0
179.0
210.0
198.0
181.0
197.0

37,800
127,395
18,500
160,290
27,880
56,100
18,800
2,255,650
946,310
2,740,500

38,775
106,505
18,400
187,960
31,620
44,750
21,000
2,187,900
944,820
2,541,300

Kansas ...........................
Kentucky .........................
Louisiana ........................
Maryland .........................
Michigan .........................
Minnesota .......................
Mississippi ......................
Missouri ..........................
Nebraska ........................
New York ........................

4,920
1,400
550
400
2,040
8,000
720
3,500
9,550
570

5,200
1,240
490
425
1,950
7,650
500
3,250
9,300
530

142.0
159.0
165.0
152.0
157.0
193.0
166.0
163.0
178.0
129.0

134.0
174.0
183.0
166.0
168.0
184.0
188.0
172.0
181.0
147.0

136.0
177.0
183.0
174.0
167.0
190.0
188.0
175.0
179.0
147.0

698,640
222,600
90,750
60,800
320,280
1,544,000
119,520
570,500
1,699,900
73,530

707,200
219,480
89,670
73,950
325,650
1,453,500
94,000
568,750
1,664,700
77,910

North Carolina ................
North Dakota ..................
Ohio ................................
Oklahoma .......................
Pennsylvania ..................
South Carolina ................
South Dakota ..................
Tennessee ......................
Texas .............................
Virginia ...........................
Washington ....................
Wisconsin .......................

940
3,270
3,300
350
950
350
5,130
830
2,550
340
85
3,220

830
3,190
3,130
320
960
325
5,250
705
2,190
340
80
2,950

129.0
158.0
159.0
121.0
129.0
127.0
161.0
151.0
127.0
148.0
235.0
178.0

138.0
126.0
173.0
123.0
163.0
135.0
147.0
170.0
142.0
152.0
230.0
164.0

140.0
134.0
173.0
130.0
163.0
137.0
150.0
171.0
142.0
154.0
225.0
168.0

121,260
516,660
524,700
42,350
122,550
44,450
825,930
125,330
323,850
50,320
19,975
573,160

116,200
427,460
541,490
41,600
156,480
44,525
787,500
120,555
310,980
52,360
18,000
495,600

Other States 1 .................

429

424

157.9

157.8

157.8

67,758

66,912

United States ..................

86,748

83,119

174.6

171.8

175.4

15,148,038

14,577,502

1

Other States include Arizona, Florida, Montana, New Jersey, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, West Virginia, and Wyoming. Individual State level
estimates will be published in the Crop Production 2017 Summary.

Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

5

Corn Production – United States
Billion bushels
16.0
15.0
14.0
13.0
12.0
11.0
10.0
9.0
8.0
2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

Sorghum for Grain Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2016 and
Forecasted November 1, 2017
Area harvested
State

Yield per acre

Production

2017

2016

2017

2016

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(bushels)

October 1

November 1

(bushels)

(bushels)

2016

2017

(1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels)

Arkansas ........................
Colorado ........................
Kansas ...........................
Louisiana .......................
Mississippi .....................
Missouri .........................
Nebraska .......................
Oklahoma ......................
South Dakota .................
Texas .............................

44
415
2,950
46
11
54
175
370
200
1,750

7
375
2,360
13
4
24
150
280
225
1,500

73.0
50.0
91.0
102.0
89.0
95.0
102.0
55.0
79.0
66.0

80.0
55.0
82.0
90.0
89.0
90.0
96.0
45.0
65.0
66.0

80.0
53.0
80.0
90.0
89.0
83.0
96.0
43.0
63.0
64.0

3,212
20,750
268,450
4,692
979
5,130
17,850
20,350
15,800
115,500

560
19,875
188,800
1,170
356
1,992
14,400
12,040
14,175
96,000

Other States 1 ................

148

111

51.0

49.1

56.4

7,548

6,265

United States .................

6,163

5,049

77.9

72.2

70.4

480,261

355,633

1

6

Other States include Georgia, Illinois, New Mexico, and North Carolina. Individual State level estimates will be published in the
Crop Production 2017 Summary.

Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Rice Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2016 and Forecasted
November 1, 2017
Area harvested
State

Production 1

Yield per acre
2017

2016

2017

2016
(pounds)

October 1

November 1

(pounds)

(pounds)

2016

2017

(1,000 cwt)

(1,000 cwt)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

Arkansas ................
California ................
Louisiana ................
Mississippi ..............
Missouri ..................
Texas .....................

1,521
536
428
194
231
187

1,093
458
395
118
160
167

6,920
8,840
6,630
7,180
6,650
7,360

7,350
8,600
7,000
7,200
7,100
6,800

7,400
8,600
6,900
7,200
7,400
6,300

105,314
47,394
28,390
13,929
15,352
13,766

80,882
39,388
27,255
8,496
11,840
10,521

United States ..........

3,097

2,391

7,237

7,469

7,461

224,145

178,382

1

Includes sweet rice production.

Rice Production by Class – United States: 2016 and Forecasted November 1, 2017
Year

Long grain
(1,000 cwt)

2016 ........................
2017 2 ......................
1
2

Short grain 1

Medium grain
(1,000 cwt)
166,465
126,142

All

(1,000 cwt)
54,533
49,459

(1,000 cwt)
3,147
2,781

224,145
178,382

Sweet rice production included with short grain.
The 2017 rice production by class forecasts are based on class harvested acreage estimates and the 5-year average class yield compared to the all
rice yield.

Soybean Production – United States
Billion bushels
4.9

4.4

3.9

3.4

2.9

2.4
2007

2008

2009

Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

7

Soybeans for Beans Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2016 and
Forecasted November 1, 2017
Area harvested
State

Yield per acre

Production

2017

2016

2017

2016
(bushels)

October 1

November 1

(bushels)

(bushels)

2016

2017

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

Alabama ..........................
Arkansas ..........................
Delaware .........................
Georgia ............................
Illinois ...............................
Indiana .............................
Iowa .................................
Kansas .............................
Kentucky ..........................
Louisiana .........................

410
3,100
163
240
10,050
5,630
9,440
4,010
1,780
1,190

340
3,500
158
145
10,540
5,940
9,950
5,100
1,940
1,240

32.0
47.0
41.5
30.0
59.0
57.5
60.0
48.0
50.0
48.5

44.0
51.0
51.0
45.0
57.0
55.0
56.0
41.0
53.0
54.0

45.0
50.0
51.0
40.0
58.0
55.0
56.0
40.0
52.0
54.0

13,120
145,700
6,765
7,200
592,950
323,725
566,400
192,480
89,000
57,715

15,300
175,000
8,058
5,800
611,320
326,700
557,200
204,000
100,880
66,960

Maryland ..........................
Michigan ..........................
Minnesota ........................
Mississippi .......................
Missouri ...........................
Nebraska .........................
New Jersey ......................
New York .........................
North Carolina ..................
North Dakota ....................

515
2,060
7,490
2,020
5,540
5,150
98
320
1,660
5,990

495
2,280
8,100
2,170
5,920
5,650
98
265
1,670
7,100

41.5
50.5
52.0
48.0
49.0
61.0
36.0
41.0
35.0
41.5

50.0
49.0
46.0
52.0
49.0
56.0
40.0
49.0
39.0
36.0

50.0
45.0
46.0
52.0
49.0
58.0
42.0
47.0
41.0
35.0

21,373
104,030
389,480
96,960
271,460
314,150
3,528
13,120
58,100
248,585

24,750
102,600
372,600
112,840
290,080
327,700
4,116
12,455
68,470
248,500

Ohio .................................
Oklahoma ........................
Pennsylvania ...................
South Carolina .................
South Dakota ...................
Tennessee .......................
Texas ...............................
Virginia .............................
Wisconsin ........................

4,840
470
575
405
5,170
1,630
145
600
1,950

5,040
630
585
390
5,610
1,660
185
590
2,140

54.5
29.0
44.0
31.0
49.5
45.0
31.0
36.0
55.0

52.0
27.0
52.0
36.0
45.0
50.0
37.0
42.0
47.0

51.0
29.0
50.0
37.0
45.0
51.0
38.0
45.0
46.0

263,780
13,630
25,300
12,555
255,915
73,350
4,495
21,600
107,250

257,040
18,270
29,250
14,430
252,450
84,660
7,030
26,550
98,440

Other States 1 ..................

55

40

43.1

44.7

45.8

2,370

1,830

United States ...................

82,696

89,471

52.0

49.5

49.5

4,296,086

4,425,279

1

8

(1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels)

Other States include Florida and West Virginia. Individual State level estimates will be published in the Crop Production 2017 Summary.

Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Peanut Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2016 and Forecasted
November 1, 2017
Area harvested
State

Yield per acre

Production

2017

2016

2017

2016
(pounds)

October 1

November 1

(pounds)

(pounds)

2016

2017

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

Alabama ..........................
Florida .............................
Georgia ...........................
Mississippi .......................
North Carolina .................
Oklahoma ........................
South Carolina .................
Texas ..............................
Virginia ............................

172.0
146.0
706.0
38.0
99.0
12.0
106.0
205.0
21.0

192.0
183.0
830.0
42.0
118.0
19.0
120.0
260.0
27.0

3,600
3,800
3,900
4,000
3,530
3,700
3,200
2,730
3,650

4,200
3,500
4,700
4,500
4,100
3,400
3,900
3,700
4,300

3,900
3,400
4,600
4,500
4,100
3,800
3,900
3,700
4,450

619,200
554,800
2,753,400
152,000
349,470
44,400
339,200
559,650
76,650

748,800
622,200
3,818,000
189,000
483,800
72,200
468,000
962,000
120,150

Other States 1 ..................

31.0

38.0

4,284

4,068

4,068

132,800

154,600

United States ...................

1,536.0

1,829.0

3,634

4,257

4,176

5,581,570

7,638,750

1

(1,000 pounds) (1,000 pounds)

Other States include Arkansas and New Mexico.

Cottonseed Production – United States: 2016 and Forecasted November 1, 2017
Production

State

2017 1

2016
(1,000 tons)

(1,000 tons)

United States ............................
1

5,369.0

6,758.0

Based on a 3-year average lint-seed ratio.

Cotton Production - United States
Million bales
22.0
20.0
18.0
16.0
14.0
12.0
10.0
2007

2008

2009

Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

9

Cotton Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Type – States and United States: 2016 and
Forecasted November 1, 2017
Area harvested
Type and State

Production 1

Yield per acre
2017

2016

2017

2016

2016

2017

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(pounds)

(1,000 bales) 2

(1,000 bales) 2

Upland
Alabama ..........................
Arizona ............................
Arkansas ..........................
California .........................
Florida ..............................
Georgia ............................
Kansas .............................
Louisiana .........................
Mississippi .......................
Missouri ...........................

343.0
118.0
375.0
62.0
102.0
1,165.0
31.0
137.0
430.0
266.0

428.0
158.0
438.0
90.0
98.0
1,280.0
91.0
215.0
625.0
297.0

988
1,525
1,075
1,897
922
898
1,099
939
1,207
1,021

976
1,574
1,096
1,760
931
900
1,002
982
1,152
1,220

964
1,549
1,162
1,680
931
900
976
1,005
1,152
1,172

706.0
375.0
840.0
245.0
196.0
2,180.0
71.0
268.0
1,081.0
566.0

860.0
510.0
1,060.0
315.0
190.0
2,400.0
185.0
450.0
1,500.0
725.0

New Mexico .....................
North Carolina ..................
Oklahoma ........................
South Carolina .................
Tennessee .......................
Texas ...............................
Virginia .............................

41.0
255.0
290.0
183.0
250.0
5,200.0
72.0

55.0
365.0
555.0
245.0
340.0
5,800.0
83.0

1,030
646
1,021
656
1,104
748
667

916
921
848
940
1,045
745
1,099

873
967
951
940
1,059
753
1,099

88.0
343.0
617.0
250.0
575.0
8,100.0
100.0

100.0
735.0
1,100.0
480.0
750.0
9,100.0
190.0

United States ...................

9,320.0

11,163.0

855

877

888

16,601.0

20,650.0

American Pima 3
Arizona ............................
California .........................
New Mexico .....................
Texas ...............................

11.0
154.0
7.8
15.0

14.5
208.0
7.2
12.5

851
1,565
886
1,056

894
1,528
800
998

894
1,528
800
998

19.5
502.0
14.4
33.0

27.0
662.0
12.0
26.0

United States ...................

187.8

242.2

1,454

1,441

1,441

568.9

727.0

All
Alabama ..........................
Arizona ............................
Arkansas ..........................
California .........................
Florida ..............................
Georgia ............................
Kansas .............................
Louisiana .........................
Mississippi .......................
Missouri ...........................

343.0
129.0
375.0
216.0
102.0
1,165.0
31.0
137.0
430.0
266.0

428.0
172.5
438.0
298.0
98.0
1,280.0
91.0
215.0
625.0
297.0

988
1,468
1,075
1,660
922
898
1,099
939
1,207
1,021

976
1,517
1,096
1,598
931
900
1,002
982
1,152
1,220

964
1,494
1,162
1,574
931
900
976
1,005
1,152
1,172

706.0
394.5
840.0
747.0
196.0
2,180.0
71.0
268.0
1,081.0
566.0

860.0
537.0
1,060.0
977.0
190.0
2,400.0
185.0
450.0
1,500.0
725.0

New Mexico .....................
North Carolina ..................
Oklahoma ........................
South Carolina .................
Tennessee .......................
Texas ...............................
Virginia .............................

48.8
255.0
290.0
183.0
250.0
5,215.0
72.0

62.2
365.0
555.0
245.0
340.0
5,812.5
83.0

1,007
646
1,021
656
1,104
749
667

903
921
848
940
1,045
745
1,099

864
967
951
940
1,059
754
1,099

102.4
343.0
617.0
250.0
575.0
8,133.0
100.0

112.0
735.0
1,100.0
480.0
750.0
9,126.0
190.0

United States ...................

9,507.8

11,405.2

867

889

900

17,169.9

21,377.0

1
2
3

October 1

November 1

(pounds)

(pounds)

Production ginned and to be ginned.
480-pound net weight bale.
Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast.

10

Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Sugarbeet Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2016 and Forecasted
November 1, 2017
[Relates to year of intended harvest in all States except California]
Area harvested
State

Yield per acre

Production

2017

2016

2017

2016

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(tons)

California ................
Colorado ...................
Idaho ........................
Michigan ...................
Minnesota .................
Montana ...................
Nebraska ..................
North Dakota ............
Oregon .....................
Washington ..............
Wyoming ..................

25.0
27.6
170.0
149.0
417.0
45.3
47.2
203.0
10.2
1.9
30.0

24.7
29.1
166.9
143.0
411.0
42.4
44.6
209.0
9.1
1.8
31.6

44.3
33.6
41.4
30.8
30.0
35.0
29.9
30.8
42.0
47.9
31.7

43.5
35.4
41.1
28.0
29.5
33.6
32.1
30.6
39.9
47.4
27.8

43.5
35.6
39.9
27.3
30.9
32.8
32.3
31.1
39.1
47.4
28.2

1,108
927
7,038
4,589
12,510
1,586
1,411
6,242
428
91
951

1,074
1,036
6,659
3,904
12,700
1,391
1,441
6,500
356
85
891

United States ............

1,126.2

1,113.2

32.7

32.0

32.4

36,881

36,037

1

1

October 1

November 1

(tons)

(tons)

2016

2017

(1,000 tons)

(1,000 tons)

Relates to year of intended harvest for fall planted beets in central California and to year of planting for overwintered beets in central and
southern California.

Sugarcane for Sugar and Seed Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States:
2016 and Forecasted November 1, 2017
Yield per acre 1

Area harvested
State

Production 1

2017

2016

2017

2016

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(tons)

Florida ......................
Hawaii 2 ....................
Louisiana ..................
Texas .......................

417.0
15.5
431.0
39.6

414.0
(NA)
440.0
41.2

40.5
86.2
28.8
37.0

42.1
(NA)
30.8
37.3

41.2
(NA)
30.9
37.9

16,904
1,336
12,413
1,465

17,057
(NA)
13,596
1,561

United States ............

903.1

895.2

35.6

36.3

36.0

32,118

32,214

October 1

November 1

(tons)

(tons)

2016

2017

(1,000 tons)

(1,000 tons)

(NA) Not available.
1
Net tons.
2
Estimates discontinued in 2017.

Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

11

Utilized Production of Citrus Fruits by Crop – States and United States: 2016-2017 and
Forecasted November 1, 2017
[The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year.]
Crop and State

Utilized production boxes 1

Utilized production ton equivalent

2016-2017

2017-2018

2016-2017

2017-2018

(1,000 boxes)

(1,000 boxes)

(1,000 tons)

(1,000 tons)

Oranges
California, all 2 .......................................
Early, mid, and Navel 3 ........................
Valencia ..............................................

50,300
39,300
11,000

46,000
35,000
11,000

2,012
1,572
440

1,840
1,400
440

Florida, all .............................................
Early, mid, and Navel 3 ........................
Valencia ..............................................

68,750
33,000
35,750

50,000
21,000
29,000

3,094
1,485
1,609

2,250
945
1,305

Texas, all 2 ............................................
Early, mid, and Navel 3 ........................
Valencia ..............................................

1,370
1,090
280

1,650
1,350
300

58
46
12

70
57
13

United States, all ...................................
Early, mid, and Navel 3 ........................
Valencia ..............................................

120,420
73,390
47,030

97,650
57,350
40,300

5,164
3,103
2,061

4,160
2,402
1,758

Grapefruit
California 2 ............................................
Florida, all .............................................
Red .....................................................
White ..................................................
Texas 2 ..................................................

4,000
7,760
6,280
1,480
4,800

4,200
4,650
3,800
850
5,300

160
330
267
63
192

168
198
162
36
212

United States ........................................

16,560

14,150

682

578

Tangerines and mandarins 4
California 2 ............................................
Florida ...................................................

23,900
1,620

23,000
950

956
77

920
45

United States ........................................

25,520

23,950

1,033

965

Lemons
Arizona .................................................
California ..............................................

1,650
20,500

1,600
21,000

66
820

64
840

United States ........................................

22,150

22,600

886

904

2

1

Net pounds per box: oranges in California-80, Florida-90, Texas-85; grapefruit in California-80, Florida-85, Texas-80; tangerines and mandarins in
California-80, Florida-95; lemons-80.
Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast.
3
Navel and miscellaneous varieties in California. Early (including Navel) and midseason varieties in Florida and Texas.
4
Includes tangelos and tangors.
2

12

Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Fall Potato Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2016 and
Forecasted November 1, 2017
Area planted

Seasonal group
and State

Area harvested

Yield per acre

Production

2016

2017

2016

2017

2016

2017

2016

2017

(1,000
acres)

(1,000
acres)

(1,000
acres)

(1,000
acres)

(cwt)

(cwt)

(1,000 cwt)

(1,000 cwt)

Fall
California ...............................................
Colorado ................................................
San Luis Valley ....................................
All other areas .....................................
Idaho .....................................................
Maine ....................................................
Michigan ................................................
Minnesota ..............................................
Montana ................................................

7.9
57.3
51.6
5.7
325.0
47.0
47.0
43.0
11.1

8.2
56.7
51.9
4.8
310.0
48.0
47.5
46.0
11.1

7.9
57.1
51.5
5.6
324.0
46.5
46.0
42.0
11.0

8.2
56.4
51.7
4.7
309.0
47.5
46.5
45.5
11.0

445
389
385
430
430
325
370
400
335

450
382
375
455
425
320
400
415
340

3,516
22,236
19,828
2,408
139,320
15,113
17,020
16,800
3,685

3,690
21,527
19,388
2,139
131,325
15,200
18,600
18,883
3,740

Nebraska ...............................................
New York ...............................................
North Dakota .........................................
Oregon ..................................................
Washington ...........................................
Wisconsin ..............................................

16.5
15.0
80.0
39.0
170.0
65.0

19.0
14.0
75.0
38.0
165.0
68.0

16.4
14.8
72.0
38.9
169.0
64.0

18.9
13.8
74.0
37.8
165.0
67.0

450
240
300
590
625
435

470
265
340
550
600
425

7,380
3,552
21,600
22,951
105,625
27,840

8,883
3,657
25,160
20,790
99,000
28,475

United States .........................................

923.8

906.5

909.6

900.6

447

443

406,638

398,930

1

Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast.

Potato Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – Alaska: 2016-2017
Crop
year

Area
Planted

Harvested

Yield
per
acre

(acres)

(acres)

(cwt)

2016 ...............
2017 ...............

Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

500
450

490
440

300
280

Production
(1,000 cwt)
147
123

13

Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units – United States:
2016 and 2017
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2017 crop year.
Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop

Area planted

Area harvested

2016

2017

2016

2017

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

Grains and hay
Barley .....................................................................................
Corn for grain 1 ........................................................................
Corn for silage ........................................................................
Hay, all ....................................................................................
Alfalfa ..................................................................................
All other ...............................................................................
Oats ........................................................................................
Proso millet .............................................................................
Rice ........................................................................................
Rye .........................................................................................
Sorghum for grain 1 .................................................................
Sorghum for silage ..................................................................
Wheat, all ................................................................................
Winter .................................................................................
Durum .................................................................................
Other spring ........................................................................

3,059
94,004
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
2,829
443
3,150
1,891
6,690
(NA)
50,119
36,152
2,412
11,555

2,481
90,429

Oilseeds
Canola ....................................................................................
Cottonseed .............................................................................
Flaxseed .................................................................................
Mustard seed ..........................................................................
Peanuts ..................................................................................
Rapeseed ...............................................................................
Safflower .................................................................................
Soybeans for beans ................................................................
Sunflower ................................................................................

1,954
83,119

46,012
32,696
2,307
11,009

2,565
86,748
6,186
53,461
16,885
36,576
981
413
3,097
414
6,163
298
43,850
30,237
2,360
11,253

1,714.0
(X)
374
103.1
1,671.0
11.0
161.1
83,433
1,596.6

2,076.0
(X)
283
76.0
1,881.0
12.5
162.0
90,207
1,404.3

1,691.7
(X)
367
98.2
1,536.0
10.5
154.4
82,696
1,532.0

2,028.0
(X)
277
72.1
1,829.0
11.7
154.8
89,471
1,352.3

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops
Cotton, all ...............................................................................
Upland ................................................................................
American Pima ....................................................................
Sugarbeets .............................................................................
Sugarcane ..............................................................................
Tobacco ..................................................................................

10,072.5
9,878.0
194.5
1,163.4
(NA)
(NA)

12,618.5
12,372.0
246.5
1,138.1
(NA)
(NA)

9,507.8
9,320.0
187.8
1,126.2
903.1
319.7

11,405.2
11,163.0
242.2
1,113.2
895.2
321.3

Dry beans, peas, and lentils
Austrian winter peas ...............................................................
Dry edible beans .....................................................................
Chickpeas, all ......................................................................
Large ................................................................................
Small .................................................................................
Dry edible peas .......................................................................
Lentils .....................................................................................
Wrinkled seed peas ................................................................

38.0
1,662.0
325.3
211.5
113.8
1,382.0
933.0
(NA)

29.0
2,111.5
603.8
425.6
178.2
1,153.0
1,109.0

28.0
1,558.6
320.0
209.2
110.8
1,329.8
908.0
(NA)

16.0
2,033.0
456.0
296.2
159.8
1,111.4
1,017.0

Potatoes and miscellaneous
Hops .......................................................................................
Maple syrup ............................................................................
Mushrooms .............................................................................
Peppermint oil .........................................................................
Potatoes, all ............................................................................
Spring .................................................................................
Summer ..............................................................................
Fall ......................................................................................
Spearmint oil ...........................................................................
Sweet potatoes .......................................................................
Taro (Hawaii) ..........................................................................

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
1,037.0
51.0
62.2
923.8
(NA)
168.1
(NA)

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)

50.9
(NA)
(NA)
65.3
1,018.3
48.0
60.7
909.6
24.5
163.3
(D)

54.1
(NA)
(NA)

See footnote(s) at end of table.

14

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
2,588
550
2,487
1,961
5,709

1,030.5
58.0
66.0
906.5
151.4

53,518
17,111
36,407
801
2,391
286
5,049
37,586
25,291
2,136
10,159

1,021.2
57.7
62.9
900.6
148.6
--continued

Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units – United States:
2016 and 2017 (continued)
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2017 crop year.
Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop

Yield per acre
2016

Production
2017

Grains and hay
Barley ......................................................................... bushels
Corn for grain .............................................................. bushels
Corn for silage ..................................................................tons
Hay, all .............................................................................tons
Alfalfa ...........................................................................tons
All other ........................................................................tons
Oats ............................................................................ bushels
Proso millet ................................................................. bushels
Rice 2 ................................................................................. cwt
Rye ............................................................................. bushels
Sorghum for grain ....................................................... bushels
Sorghum for silage ............................................................tons
Wheat, all ................................................................... bushels
Winter ..................................................................... bushels
Durum ..................................................................... bushels
Other spring ............................................................ bushels

77.9
174.6
20.3
2.52
3.45
2.09
66.0
30.4
7,237
32.5
77.9
14.0
52.7
55.3
44.0
47.3

72.6
175.4

Oilseeds
Canola ......................................................................... pounds
Cottonseed .......................................................................tons
Flaxseed ..................................................................... bushels
Mustard seed ............................................................... pounds
Peanuts ....................................................................... pounds
Rapeseed .................................................................... pounds
Safflower ..................................................................... pounds
Soybeans for beans .................................................... bushels
Sunflower .................................................................... pounds

1,824
(X)
23.7
980
3,634
1,840
1,425
52.0
1,731

1,383
(X)

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops
Cotton, all 2 ..................................................................... bales
Upland 2 ...................................................................... bales
American Pima 2 ......................................................... bales
Sugarbeets .......................................................................tons
Sugarcane ........................................................................tons
Tobacco ....................................................................... pounds

2016

2017

(1,000)

(1,000)

199,914
15,148,038
125,670
134,781
58,263
76,518
64,770
12,558
224,145
13,451
480,261
4,171
2,308,723
1,672,582
103,914
532,227

141,923
14,577,502

2,805,635
6,758.0

49.5
1,339

3,086,340
5,369.0
8,680
96,270
5,581,570
19,320
220,090
4,296,086
2,651,635

867
855
1,454
32.7
35.6
1,967

900
888
1,441
32.4
36.0
2,253

17,169.9
16,601.0
568.9
36,881
32,118
628,720

21,377.0
20,650.0
727.0
36,037
32,214
723,697

Dry beans, peas, and lentils
Austrian winter peas 2 ........................................................ cwt
Dry edible beans 2 ............................................................. cwt
Chickpeas, all 2 .............................................................. cwt
Large 2 ......................................................................... cwt
Small 2 ......................................................................... cwt
Dry edible peas 2 ............................................................... cwt
Lentils 2 .............................................................................. cwt
Wrinkled seed peas ........................................................... cwt

1,704
1,842
1,702
1,677
1,749
2,086
1,397
(NA)

869
1,737

477
28,712
5,447
3,509
1,938
27,737
12,685
439

139
35,312

Potatoes and miscellaneous
Hops ............................................................................ pounds
Maple syrup ................................................................. gallons
Mushrooms .................................................................. pounds
Peppermint oil .............................................................. pounds
Potatoes, all ....................................................................... cwt
Spring ............................................................................ cwt
Summer ......................................................................... cwt
Fall ................................................................................ cwt
Spearmint oil ............................................................... pounds
Sweet potatoes .................................................................. cwt
Taro (Hawaii) ............................................................... pounds

1,713
(NA)
(NA)
89
433
316
323
447
131
193
(D)

1,803
(NA)
(NA)

87,139.6
4,207
943,414
5,800
441,411
15,171
19,602
406,638
3,208
31,546
(D)

97,587.7
4,271
928,605

2.46
3.27
2.08
61.7
7,461
33.9
70.4
46.3
50.2
25.7
41.0

4,176

1,383
733

430
343
322
443

131,908
56,022
75,886
49,391
178,382
9,696
355,633
1,740,582
1,269,437
54,909
416,236

7,638,750

4,425,279
1,810,235

15,367
7,457

438,968
19,790
20,248
398,930

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(NA) Not available.
(X) Not applicable.
1
Area planted for all purposes.
2
Yield in pounds.

Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

15

Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units – United States:
2016 and 2017
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2017 crop year.
Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop

Area planted

Area harvested

2016

2017

2016

2017

(hectares)

(hectares)

(hectares)

(hectares)

Grains and hay
Barley ........................................................................
Corn for grain 1 ...........................................................
Corn for silage ...........................................................
Hay, all 2 ....................................................................
Alfalfa .....................................................................
All other ..................................................................
Oats ...........................................................................
Proso millet ................................................................
Rice ...........................................................................
Rye ............................................................................
Sorghum for grain 1 ....................................................
Sorghum for silage .....................................................
Wheat, all 2 ................................................................
Winter ....................................................................
Durum ....................................................................
Other spring ...........................................................

1,237,950
38,042,480
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
1,144,870
179,280
1,274,770
765,270
2,707,380
(NA)
20,282,660
14,630,350
976,110
4,676,190

1,004,040
36,595,710

Oilseeds
Canola .......................................................................
Cottonseed ................................................................
Flaxseed ....................................................................
Mustard seed .............................................................
Peanuts .....................................................................
Rapeseed ..................................................................
Safflower ....................................................................
Soybeans for beans ...................................................
Sunflower ...................................................................

790,760
33,637,430

18,620,600
13,231,740
933,620
4,455,230

1,038,030
35,106,050
2,503,410
21,635,130
6,833,190
14,801,940
397,000
167,140
1,253,320
167,540
2,494,100
120,600
17,745,660
12,236,610
955,070
4,553,980

693,640
(X)
151,350
41,720
676,240
4,450
65,200
33,764,500
646,130

840,140
(X)
114,530
30,760
761,220
5,060
65,560
36,505,870
568,310

684,610
(X)
148,520
39,740
621,600
4,250
62,480
33,466,240
619,990

820,710
(X)
112,100
29,180
740,180
4,730
62,650
36,208,020
547,260

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops
Cotton, all 2 ................................................................
Upland ...................................................................
American Pima .......................................................
Sugarbeets ................................................................
Sugarcane .................................................................
Tobacco .....................................................................

4,076,240
3,997,530
78,710
470,820
(NA)
(NA)

5,106,580
5,006,820
99,760
460,580
(NA)
(NA)

3,847,710
3,771,710
76,000
455,760
365,480
129,360

4,615,570
4,517,550
98,020
450,500
362,280
130,020

Dry beans, peas, and lentils
Austrian winter peas ..................................................
Dry edible beans ........................................................
Chickpeas 2 ............................................................
Large ...................................................................
Small ....................................................................
Dry edible peas ..........................................................
Lentils ........................................................................
Wrinkled seed peas ...................................................

15,380
672,590
131,650
85,590
46,050
559,280
377,580
(NA)

11,740
854,500
244,350
172,240
72,120
466,610
448,800

11,330
630,750
129,500
84,660
44,840
538,160
367,460
(NA)

6,480
822,730
184,540
119,870
64,670
449,770
411,570

Potatoes and miscellaneous
Hops ..........................................................................
Maple syrup ...............................................................
Mushrooms ................................................................
Peppermint oil ............................................................
Potatoes, all 2 .............................................................
Spring ....................................................................
Summer .................................................................
Fall .........................................................................
Spearmint oil ..............................................................
Sweet potatoes ..........................................................
Taro (Hawaii) .............................................................

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
419,660
20,640
25,170
373,850
(NA)
68,030
(NA)

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)

20,580
(NA)
(NA)
26,430
412,100
19,430
24,560
368,110
9,910
66,090
(D)

21,910
(NA)
(NA)

See footnote(s) at end of table.

16

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
1,047,340
222,580
1,006,460
793,600
2,310,380

417,030
23,470
26,710
366,850
61,270

21,658,200
6,924,650
14,733,550
324,160
967,610
115,740
2,043,280
15,210,680
10,235,010
864,420
4,111,250

413,270
23,350
25,460
364,460
60,140
--continued

Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units – United States:
2016 and 2017 (continued)
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2017 crop year.
Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop

Yield per hectare

Production

2016

2017

2016

2017

(metric tons)

(metric tons)

(metric tons)

(metric tons)

Grains and hay
Barley .....................................................................................
Corn for grain ..........................................................................
Corn for silage ........................................................................
Hay, all 2 .................................................................................
Alfalfa .................................................................................
All other ..............................................................................
Oats ........................................................................................
Proso millet .............................................................................
Rice ........................................................................................
Rye .........................................................................................
Sorghum for grain ...................................................................
Sorghum for silage ..................................................................
Wheat, all 2 .............................................................................
Winter .................................................................................
Durum .................................................................................
Other spring ........................................................................

4.19
10.96
45.54
5.65
7.74
4.69
2.37
1.70
8.11
2.04
4.89
31.38
3.54
3.72
2.96
3.18

3.91
11.01

Oilseeds
Canola ....................................................................................
Cottonseed .............................................................................
Flaxseed .................................................................................
Mustard seed ..........................................................................
Peanuts ..................................................................................
Rapeseed ...............................................................................
Safflower ................................................................................
Soybeans for beans ................................................................
Sunflower ...............................................................................

2.04
(X)
1.48
1.10
4.07
2.06
1.60
3.49
1.94

1.55
(X)

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops
Cotton, all 2 .............................................................................
Upland ................................................................................
American Pima ...................................................................
Sugarbeets .............................................................................
Sugarcane ..............................................................................
Tobacco ..................................................................................

4,352,610
384,777,890
114,005,910
122,271,270
52,855,300
69,415,960
940,130
284,810
10,167,050
341,670
12,199,190
3,783,870
62,833,140
45,520,220
2,828,080
14,484,850

3,090,010
370,285,610

1,272,610
6,130,750

3.33
1.50

1,399,940
4,870,670
220,480
43,670
2,531,760
8,760
99,830
116,920,300
1,202,760

120,436,360
821,110

0.97
0.96
1.63
73.41
79.72
2.20

1.01
1.00
1.61
72.57
80.67
2.52

3,738,310
3,614,440
123,860
33,457,880
29,136,960
285,180

4,654,290
4,496,010
158,290
32,692,220
29,224,050
328,260

Dry beans, peas, and lentils
Austrian winter peas ...............................................................
Dry edible beans .....................................................................
Chickpeas, all 2 ...................................................................
Large ................................................................................
Small ................................................................................
Dry edible peas .......................................................................
Lentils .....................................................................................
Wrinkled seed peas ................................................................

1.91
2.06
1.91
1.88
1.96
2.34
1.57
(NA)

0.97
1.95

21,640
1,302,350
247,070
159,170
87,910
1,258,130
575,380
19,910

6,300
1,601,730

Potatoes and miscellaneous
Hops .......................................................................................
Maple syrup ............................................................................
Mushrooms .............................................................................
Peppermint oil .........................................................................
Potatoes, all 2 .........................................................................
Spring .................................................................................
Summer ..............................................................................
Fall .....................................................................................
Spearmint oil ..........................................................................
Sweet potatoes .......................................................................
Taro (Hawaii) ..........................................................................

1.92
(NA)
(NA)
0.10
48.59
35.43
36.20
50.11
0.15
21.65
(D)

2.02
(NA)
(NA)

39,530
21,040
427,930
2,630
20,022,070
688,150
889,130
18,444,790
1,460
1,430,900
(D)

44,270
21,360
421,210

5.53
7.34
4.67
2.21
8.36
2.13
4.42
3.11
3.38
1.73
2.76

4.68

1.55
0.82

48.18
38.44
36.08
49.65

119,664,920
50,822,300
68,842,620
716,910
8,091,270
246,290
9,033,490
47,370,880
34,548,410
1,494,380
11,328,090

3,464,880

697,040
338,240

19,911,250
897,660
918,430
18,095,160

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(NA) Not available.
(X) Not applicable.
1
Area planted for all purposes.
2
Total may not add due to rounding.

Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

17

Fruits and Nuts Production in Domestic Units – United States: 2017 and 2018
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2017 crop year,
except citrus which is for the 2016-2017 season. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop
Citrus 1
Grapefruit .............................................................................................. 1,000 tons
Lemons ................................................................................................. 1,000 tons
Oranges ................................................................................................ 1,000 tons
Tangerines and mandarins .................................................................... 1,000 tons
Noncitrus
Apples ............................................................................................. million pounds
Apricots .......................................................................................................... tons
Avocados ....................................................................................................... tons
Bananas (Hawaii) ............................................................................. 1,000 pounds
Blackberries (Oregon) ...................................................................... 1,000 pounds
Blueberries, Cultivated ..................................................................... 1,000 pounds
Blueberries, Wild (Maine) ................................................................. 1,000 pounds
Boysenberries (Oregon) ................................................................... 1,000 pounds
Cherries, Sweet ............................................................................................. tons
Cherries, Tart .................................................................................. million pounds
Coffee (Hawaii) ................................................................................ 1,000 pounds
Cranberries .................................................................................................. barrel
Dates ............................................................................................................. tons
Figs (California) .............................................................................................. tons
Grapes ........................................................................................................... tons
Kiwifruit (California) ........................................................................................ tons
Nectarines ...................................................................................................... tons
Olives (California) .......................................................................................... tons
Papayas (Hawaii) ............................................................................. 1,000 pounds
Peaches ......................................................................................................... tons
Pears ............................................................................................................. tons
Plums (California) .......................................................................................... tons
Prunes (California) ......................................................................................... tons
Raspberries, all ............................................................................... 1,000 pounds
Strawberries ........................................................................................... 1,000 cwt
Nuts and miscellaneous
Almonds, shelled (California) ........................................................... 1,000 pounds
Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) ........................................................................... tons
Macadamias (Hawaii) ....................................................................... 1,000 pounds
Pecans, in-shell ................................................................................ 1,000 pounds
Pistachios (California) ...................................................................... 1,000 pounds
Walnuts, in-shell (California) .......................................................................... tons
1

Production
2017

2018

682
886
5,164
1,033

578
904
4,160
965

10,444.0
55,500

432,760
238.2
9,050,000

7,505,300

735,200
707,000
105,000
30,534

2,250,000
36,000
277,400
650,000

Production years are 2016-2017 and 2017-2018.

18

Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Fruits and Nuts Production in Metric Units – United States: 2017 and 2018
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2017 crop year,
except citrus which is for the 2016-2017 season. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop

Citrus 1
Grapefruit .............................................................................................................
Lemons ................................................................................................................
Oranges ................................................................................................................
Tangerines and mandarins ...................................................................................
Noncitrus
Apples ..................................................................................................................
Apricots ................................................................................................................
Avocados ..............................................................................................................
Bananas (Hawaii) .................................................................................................
Blackberries (Oregon) ...........................................................................................
Blueberries, Cultivated ..........................................................................................
Blueberries, Wild (Maine) ......................................................................................
Boysenberries (Oregon) ........................................................................................
Cherries, Sweet ....................................................................................................
Cherries, Tart ........................................................................................................
Coffee (Hawaii) .....................................................................................................
Cranberries ...........................................................................................................
Dates ....................................................................................................................
Figs (California) ....................................................................................................
Grapes .................................................................................................................
Kiwifruit (California) ...............................................................................................
Nectarines ............................................................................................................
Olives (California) .................................................................................................
Papayas (Hawaii) .................................................................................................
Peaches ...............................................................................................................
Pears ....................................................................................................................
Plums (California) .................................................................................................
Prunes (California) ................................................................................................
Raspberries, all .....................................................................................................
Strawberries .........................................................................................................
Nuts and miscellaneous
Almonds, shelled (California) ................................................................................
Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) .................................................................................
Macadamias (Hawaii) ...........................................................................................
Pecans, in-shell ....................................................................................................
Pistachios (California) ...........................................................................................
Walnuts, in-shell (California) .................................................................................
1

Production
2017

2018

(metric tons)

(metric tons)

618,700
803,770
4,684,700
937,120

524,350
820,100
3,773,890
875,430

4,737,320
50,350

392,590
108,050
410,500

6,808,690

666,960
641,380
95,250
1,384,990

1,020,580
32,660
125,830
589,670

Production years are 2016-2017 and 2017-2018.

Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

19

Corn for Grain Objective Yield Data
The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting objective yield surveys in 10 corn-producing States during
2017. Randomly selected plots in corn for grain fields are visited monthly from August through harvest to obtain specific
counts and measurements. Data in these tables are rounded actual field counts from this survey.
Corn for Grain Plant Population per Acre – Selected States: 2013-2017
[Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
State
and month

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

(number)

(number)

(number)

(number)

(number)

Illinois
September ......
October ...........
November .......
Final ................

30,700
(NA)
30,850
30,850

30,900
30,800
30,700
30,700

31,800
31,750
31,750
31,750

31,100
31,100
31,100
31,100

30,800
30,900
30,950

Indiana
September ......
October ...........
November .......
Final ................

30,250
(NA)
30,400
30,450

31,200
31,000
30,850
30,850

30,400
30,100
30,000
29,950

30,200
29,950
29,800
29,800

Iowa
September ......
October ...........
November .......
Final ................

30,250
(NA)
30,000
30,050

30,850
30,800
30,800
30,800

31,500
31,450
31,450
31,450

Kansas
September ......
October ...........
November .......
Final ................

22,900
(NA)
22,850
22,850

23,750
23,550
23,550
23,550

Minnesota
September ......
October ...........
November .......
Final ................

31,350
(NA)
30,950
30,950

Missouri
September ......
October ...........
November .......
Final ................

27,700
(NA)
27,800
27,850

State
and month

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

(number)

(number)

(number)

(number)

(number)

Nebraska
All corn
September ...
October ........
November ....
Final .............

26,000
(NA)
26,100
26,100

26,450
26,450
26,200
26,200

26,650
26,750
26,700
26,700

25,900
25,950
26,000
26,000

25,950
25,800
25,700

29,550
29,350
29,200

Irrigated
September ...
October ........
November ....
Final .............

29,150
(NA)
29,300
29,250

28,850
28,850
28,700
28,700

29,100
29,300
29,250
29,250

28,200
28,200
28,300
28,300

29,050
29,000
28,750

31,250
31,050
31,050
31,050

31,300
31,150
31,150

Non-irrigated
September ...
October ........
November ....
Final .............

21,000
(NA)
21,050
21,050

22,650
22,550
22,250
22,250

23,500
23,550
23,550
23,550

22,900
23,000
23,000
23,000

22,500
22,200
22,250

23,400
23,750
23,800
23,800

22,550
22,550
22,550
22,550

22,050
22,100
22,300

Ohio
September .....
October ..........
November ......
Final ...............

28,800
(NA)
28,700
28,650

29,600
29,700
29,600
29,600

30,000
30,000
29,950
29,950

30,250
30,100
30,250
30,250

29,250
29,150
29,100

31,400
31,350
31,150
31,250

30,650
30,750
30,750
30,750

30,800
30,700
30,550
30,550

30,750
30,550
30,600

South Dakota
September .....
October ..........
November ......
Final ...............

25,300
(NA)
25,100
25,100

24,550
24,250
24,150
24,150

26,350
26,250
26,200
26,200

26,200
26,100
26,000
26,000

26,250
26,200
26,200

27,650
27,400
27,500
27,500

27,900
27,600
27,600
27,600

27,300
27,750
27,800
27,800

27,850
27,850
27,950

Wisconsin
September .....
October ..........
November ......
Final ...............

29,050
(NA)
29,150
29,150

30,000
29,900
30,000
30,050

29,900
29,700
29,450
29,450

30,100
29,900
29,800
29,800

29,450
29,100
29,150

10 State
September .....
October ..........
November ......
Final ...............

28,750
(NA)
28,700
28,700

29,200
29,100
29,000
29,050

29,550
29,500
29,450
29,450

29,050
28,950
28,950
28,950

28,800
28,700
28,700

(NA) Not available.

20

Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Corn for Grain Number of Ears per Acre – Selected States: 2013-2017
[Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
State
and month

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

(number)

(number)

(number)

(number)

(number)

Illinois
September .......
October ...........
November ........
Final ................

29,900
(NA)
30,150
30,150

30,300
30,300
30,100
30,100

30,800
30,750
30,800
30,800

30,350
30,450
30,450
30,450

30,200
30,300
30,250

Indiana
September .......
October ...........
November ........
Final ................

29,850
(NA)
29,750
29,850

30,850
30,650
30,450
30,450

29,550
29,300
29,250
29,150

29,600
29,400
29,250
29,250

Iowa
September .......
October ...........
November ........
Final ................

29,700
(NA)
29,500
29,550

30,350
30,150
30,150
30,150

30,950
30,800
30,850
30,850

Kansas
September .......
October ...........
November ........
Final ................

22,500
(NA)
22,200
22,200

24,450
24,000
24,000
24,000

Minnesota
September .......
October ...........
November ........
Final ................

30,750
(NA)
30,850
30,850

Missouri
September .......
October ...........
November ........
Final ................

26,950
(NA)
27,050
27,100

State
and month

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

(number)

(number)

(number)

(number)

(number)

Nebraska
All corn
September ....
October .........
November .....
Final .............

26,050
(NA)
25,700
25,700

26,500
26,450
26,200
26,200

26,650
26,700
26,700
26,700

25,700
25,350
25,400
25,400

25,800
26,050
25,950

28,900
29,100
28,850

Irrigated
September ....
October .........
November .....
Final .............

29,150
(NA)
28,700
28,700

28,750
28,900
28,700
28,700

29,000
29,250
29,200
29,200

27,850
27,500
27,550
27,550

28,650
28,950
28,750

30,550
30,400
30,500
30,500

30,600
30,600
30,600

Non-irrigated
September ....
October .........
November .....
Final .............

21,200
(NA)
20,950
20,950

22,900
22,550
22,250
22,250

23,650
23,550
23,550
23,550

22,850
22,550
22,550
22,550

22,600
22,800
22,900

23,300
23,700
23,650
23,650

22,650
22,450
22,450
22,450

22,800
22,600
22,650

Ohio
September ......
October ..........
November .......
Final ...............

28,350
(NA)
28,200
28,300

29,200
29,700
29,600
29,600

29,650
29,650
29,600
29,600

29,750
29,200
29,600
29,600

29,500
29,250
29,150

31,050
31,050
30,750
30,950

30,500
30,400
30,450
30,450

30,550
30,350
30,250
30,250

30,750
30,850
30,850

South Dakota
September ......
October ..........
November .......
Final ...............

25,600
(NA)
25,300
25,300

24,850
24,400
24,450
24,450

26,200
25,900
25,750
25,750

25,650
25,350
25,450
25,450

26,250
26,150
26,200

27,800
27,950
27,900
27,900

27,350
26,900
26,850
26,850

26,900
27,150
27,150
27,150

27,750
27,800
27,850

Wisconsin
September ......
October ..........
November .......
Final ...............

28,900
(NA)
28,900
28,850

30,000
29,750
29,550
29,700

29,500
28,950
28,600
28,600

29,300
28,900
28,750
28,750

28,950
28,800
28,600

10-State
September ......
October ..........
November .......
Final ...............

28,350
(NA)
28,250
28,300

29,000
28,850
28,750
28,750

29,050
28,950
28,900
28,900

28,550
28,350
28,400
28,400

28,550
28,550
28,500

(NA) Not available.

Corn Objective Yield Percent of Samples Processed in the Lab – United States: 2013-2017
[Blank data cells indicated estimation period has not yet begun]
Year

October
Dent stage 1
(percent)

2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

....................................
....................................
....................................
....................................
....................................

November
Mature 2

Dent stage 1

(percent)
(NA)
39
16
17
41

Mature 2

(percent)
(NA)
53
70
73
51

(percent)
(Z)
(Z)
(Z)
(Z)
(Z)

86
96
96
96
96

(NA) Not available.
(Z) Less than half of the unit shown.
1
Includes corn in the dent stage of development. Ears are firm and solid. Kernels fully dented with no milk present in most kernels.
2
Includes that portion of the crop that is mature and ready for harvest. No green foliage is present.

Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

21

Corn for Grain Percentage Distribution by Plant Population Per Acre – Selected States: 2013-2017
Plant populations
State and year

Less than
20,000

20,00022,500

22,50125,000

(Percent)

(Percent)

(Percent)

25,00127,500

27,50130,000

More than
30,000

(Percent)

(Percent)

(Percent)

Illinois ....................................................... 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

0.9
1.3
0.9
0.5

0.5
1.8
1.3
0.5
1.4

4.5
2.7
1.8
4.3
3.8

9.9
10.7
7.9
11.8
11.5

22.1
20.1
17.2
18.0
20.6

62.1
63.4
71.8
64.5
62.2

Indiana ..................................................... 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

2.7
3.0
4.6
1.7
5.7

2.7
0.7
1.5
1.7
4.9

6.3
4.5
4.6
8.3
6.5

8.0
11.2
11.5
11.6
13.0

26.8
24.6
20.8
19.8
21.1

53.5
56.0
57.0
56.9
48.8

Iowa ......................................................... 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

0.9
0.8
0.4
0.4
1.3

2.8
2.8
0.8
1.8
3.4

4.2
1.2
2.4
2.2
2.1

11.7
8.3
4.9
8.9
5.9

25.4
20.5
15.5
22.7
13.5

55.0
66.4
76.0
64.0
73.8

Kansas ..................................................... 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

30.6
29.3
20.2
27.9
24.3

10.9
6.9
18.2
14.8
21.2

12.9
23.3
11.1
19.4
17.2

14.9
8.6
27.2
12.0
21.2

17.8
19.0
6.1
17.6
12.1

12.9
12.9
17.2
8.3
4.0

Minnesota ................................................ 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

0.7
0.8
2.8

1.9
2.1
1.6
3.0
4.6

5.6
5.7
3.1
4.5
5.5

6.5
8.5
11.0
11.4
7.3

17.6
18.4
22.8
21.2
12.8

68.4
64.6
61.5
59.1
67.0

Missouri ................................................... 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

1.8
4.7
6.6
3.0
1.9

8.3
9.3
3.3
6.0
1.0

14.7
11.2
15.4
14.0
15.5

24.8
17.8
28.5
28.0
26.2

28.4
30.8
25.3
23.0
26.2

22.0
26.2
20.9
26.0
29.2

Nebraska ................................................. 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

15.9
13.4
8.4
9.6
16.8

10.1
8.4
7.8
10.1
6.3

10.6
15.6
15.6
16.3
12.6

19.0
18.4
16.8
20.2
19.4

20.1
17.9
21.2
19.7
17.8

24.3
26.3
30.2
24.1
27.1

Ohio ......................................................... 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

3.4
5.5
4.4
1.9
2.7

3.4
1.8
1.8
2.9
4.4

4.5
5.5
2.7
1.0
7.1

25.8
8.3
8.0
9.6
15.0

29.2
35.8
21.2
26.9
25.7

33.7
43.1
61.9
57.7
45.1

South Dakota ........................................... 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

11.8
19.7
12.1
13.2
8.2

10.5
14.5
5.5
5.3
13.7

23.7
10.5
17.6
17.1
16.4

27.7
29.0
20.9
26.3
15.1

14.5
18.4
26.3
18.4
26.1

11.8
7.9
17.6
19.7
20.5

Wisconsin ................................................ 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

3.4
2.1
2.4
2.4
3.9

3.4
4.2
2.4
4.9
2.6

8.0
4.2
7.3
3.7
6.6

17.2
9.4
14.6
11.0
19.7

14.9
27.1
23.2
18.3
21.1

53.1
53.0
50.1
59.7
46.1

- Represents zero.

22

Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Corn for Grain Frequency of Farmer Reported Row Widths – Selected States: 2013-2017
Row width (inches)
State and year

Less than
30

30

(number)

36

(number)

More than
38

38

(number)

(number)

(number)

Illinois ................................................... 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

10
8
11
6
6

210
220
222
218
210

7
2
1
4

2
1
1
1
1

-

Indiana ................................................. 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

5
10
8
8
7

122
128
124
118
117

1
4
3
1
-

3
2
1
1
-

1
1
-

Iowa ...................................................... 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

9
15
7
12
2

214
234
241
213
236

5
3
3
4
3

8
3
1
4
3

1
-

Kansas ................................................. 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

2
9
2
8
2

105
111
105
105
106

1
3
2

-

-

Minnesota ............................................. 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

35
26
29
27
27

104
105
118
113
89

3
4
1
2
2

1
3
-

1
-

Missouri ................................................ 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

2
3
2
5
3

104
105
101
96
101

3
2
2
1
5

5
4
1
2
2

-

Nebraska .............................................. 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

3
7
5
2

169
142
166
162
169

29
38
18
23
23

1
1
2

-

Ohio ...................................................... 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

3
2
2
4
2

107
107
110
105
109

1
1
4
1

1
2
1
1
1

2
-

South Dakota ........................................ 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

8
5
13
5
6

82
81
78
71
75

2
2
1
4
1

1
3
2
1
1

1
2
-

Wisconsin ............................................. 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

8
8
4
2
4

91
91
91
84
83

4
2
3
2
5

2
2
1
2
1

1
-

- Represents zero.

Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

23

Corn for Grain Percentage Distribution by Measured Row Width and Average Row Width – Selected
States: 2013-2017
Row width (inches)
State and year

Samples

20.5
or less

20.630.5

30.634.5

34.636.5

36.638.5

38.6 or
greater

Average
row
width

(number)

(percent)

(percent)

(inches)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

Illinois .................................................. 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

222
224
227
211
209

3.6
2.2
4.0
2.4
1.4

81.4
79.0
78.9
87.6
85.1

12.6
17.0
16.7
9.5
12.0

1.4
0.5

0.5
1.8
0.4
0.5

0.5
0.5
0.5

29.9
30.0
29.7
29.8
30.1

Indiana ................................................ 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

112
134
130
121
123

6.3
5.2
4.6
3.3
2.4

70.5
79.9
77.7
72.7
78.9

20.5
11.9
13.1
22.3
17.9

1.5
1.5
1.7
0.8

2.7
1.5
2.3
-

0.8
-

29.7
29.7
29.8
29.8
29.8

Iowa .................................................... 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

213
254
245
225
237

1.4
5.1
2.4
2.2
0.8

76.5
72.0
76.8
76.9
76.4

16.0
18.9
19.2
19.1
19.0

2.8
1.6
1.6
0.9
0.4

3.3
2.0
0.9
3.0

0.4
0.4

30.3
30.0
30.0
30.0
30.4

Kansas ................................................ 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

101
116
99
108
99

4.3
2.0
4.6
2.0

81.2
75.0
74.8
85.2
75.8

17.8
19.0
20.2
10.2
21.2

1.0
1.7
2.0
-

1.0
-

1.0

30.2
29.8
30.2
29.6
30.1

Minnesota ........................................... 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

108
141
127
132
109

1.9
2.8
3.1
2.3
4.6

81.4
78.8
85.9
78.0
81.6

13.9
13.5
10.2
17.4
8.3

2.8
2.8
0.8
0.8
0.9

1.4
1.5
3.7

0.7
0.9

28.6
29.1
28.5
28.8
28.9

Missouri .............................................. 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

109
107
91
100
103

0.9
1.0
1.9

82.5
71.0
73.6
76.0
66.1

10.1
18.7
24.2
20.0
25.2

3.7
4.7
1.0
3.9

2.8
4.7
2.2
2.0
1.0

0.9
1.9

30.5
30.6
30.4
30.0
30.4

Nebraska ............................................ 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

189
179
179
178
191

1.6
1.7
2.2
-

65.1
58.0
71.6
65.2
70.7

18.0
19.6
15.1
20.2
15.7

7.9
17.3
8.9
9.0
9.4

7.4
3.4
2.2
4.5
4.2

1.1
-

31.0
31.2
30.7
31.2
31.0

Ohio .................................................... 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

89
109
113
104
113

1.1
0.9
1.8
4.8
0.9

80.9
83.5
74.2
81.7
83.2

18.0
13.8
20.4
10.6
15.0

2.7
1.9
0.9

0.9
1.0
-

0.9
0.9
-

30.1
30.2
30.4
29.8
30.0

South Dakota ...................................... 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

76
76
91
76
73

1.3
2.6
3.3
2.6
8.2

86.9
75.1
72.5
64.5
61.6

6.6
17.1
19.8
26.3
28.8

3.9
1.3
2.2
4.0
-

1.3
2.2
1.3
1.4

3.9
1.3
-

29.9
30.4
29.7
30.4
29.6

Wisconsin ........................................... 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

87
96
82
82
76

4.6
6.3
2.4
1.2
1.3

64.5
70.7
63.5
72.0
61.9

26.4
18.8
30.5
22.0
28.9

3.4
2.4
1.2
5.3

1.1
2.1
1.2
1.3

2.1
1.2
2.4
1.3

30.1
29.8
30.0
30.5
30.5

- Represents zero.

24

Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Cotton Objective Yield Data
The National Agricultural Statistics Service conducted objective yield surveys in six cotton-producing States during 2017.
Randomly selected plots in cotton fields were visited monthly from August through harvest to obtain specific counts and
measurements. Data in this table are actual field counts from this survey.
Cotton Cumulative Boll Counts – Selected States: 2013-2017
[Includes small bolls (less than one inch in diameter), large unopened bolls (at least one inch in diameter), open bolls, partially opened bolls, and burrs
per 40 feet of row. November, December, and Final exclude small bolls. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
State and month

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

(number)

(number)

(number)

(number)

(number)

Arkansas
September .......................................
October ...........................................
November ........................................
December ........................................
Final ................................................

1,025
(NA)
855
862
862

910
741
771
773
773

763
769
856
856
856

800
769
779
779
779

911
839
825

Georgia
September .......................................
October ...........................................
November ........................................
December ........................................
Final ................................................

481
(NA)
663
669
670

660
660
717
718
719

645
630
748
759
759

562
668
719
725
725

593
608
680

Louisiana
September .......................................
October ...........................................
November ........................................
December ........................................
Final ................................................

806
(NA)
857
857
857

745
876
877
877
877

676
776
794
793
793

654
760
784
784
784

648
667
665

Mississippi
September .......................................
October ...........................................
November ........................................
December ........................................
Final ................................................

925
(NA)
906
907
907

843
808
861
861
861

887
839
898
898
898

953
942
974
974
974

904
810
804

North Carolina
September .......................................
October ...........................................
November ........................................
December ........................................
Final ................................................

532
(NA)
636
668
668

604
629
765
764
764

551
620
624
632
632

558
599
660
660
660

637
705
769

Texas
September .......................................
October ...........................................
November ........................................
December ........................................
Final ................................................

547
(NA)
517
526
525

485
373
453
461
482

566
442
481
492
495

467
474
528
547
546

592
602
603

6-State
September .......................................
October ...........................................
November ........................................
December ........................................
Final ................................................

580
(NA)
608
614
617

564
487
561
566
587

601
518
571
581
583

532
554
604
618
618

633
635
649

(NA) Not available.

Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

25

Soybean Objective Yield Data
The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting objective yield surveys in 11 soybean-producing States during
2017. Randomly selected plots in soybean fields are visited monthly from August through harvest to obtain specific
counts and measurements. Data in these tables are actual field counts from this survey.
Soybean Pods with Beans per 18 Square Feet – Selected States: 2013-2017
[Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
State
and month

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

(number)

(number)

(number)

(number)

(number)

State
and month

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

(number)

(number)

(number)

(number)

(number)

1,992
1,898
2,039

Missouri
September .....
October ..........
November ......
Final ...............

1,528
(NA)
1,522
1,500

2,050
1,969
2,055
2,043

1,612
1,755
1,869
1,899

1,881
2,006
2,123
2,164

2,041
2,172
2,253

1,969
2,109
2,193
2,197

1,917
1,886
1,947

Nebraska
September .....
October ..........
November ......
Final ...............

1,671
(NA)
1,801
1,801

1,634
1,707
1,743
1,743

1,816
1,863
1,884
1,884

1,947
2,036
2,074
2,074

1,653
1,795
1,853

1,641
1,703
1,691
1,691

1,683
1,775
1,873
1,873

1,795
1,772
1,774

North Dakota
September .....
October ..........
November ......
Final ...............

1,275
(NA)
1,336
1,336

1,281
1,266
1,454
1,459

1,321
1,330
1,337
1,337

1,395
1,444
1,442
1,470

1,406
1,430
1,465

1,621
1,690
1,772
1,768

1,779
1,805
1,834
1,834

1,808
1,801
1,861
1,890

1,644
1,670
1,717

Ohio
September .....
October ..........
November ......
Final ...............

1,889
(NA)
1,780
1,799

1,882
1,835
1,796
1,796

1,621
1,691
1,776
1,776

1,773
1,715
1,782
1,782

1,765
1,714
1,828

1,295
(NA)
1,319
1,360

1,303
1,384
1,428
1,453

1,285
1,602
1,715
1,715

1,467
1,643
1,720
1,737

1,487
1,472
1,561

South Dakota
September .....
October ..........
November ......
Final ...............

1,508
(NA)
1,543
1,489

1,533
1,485
1,498
1,501

1,541
1,557
1,563
1,563

1,561
1,639
1,709
1,665

1,511
1,472
1,457

1,433
(NA)
1,400
1,418

1,414
1,431
1,434
1,434

1,637
1,644
1,612
1,612

1,614
1,625
1,658
1,658

1,359
1,407
1,480

11-State
September .....
October ..........
November ......
Final ...............

1,555
(NA)
1,589
1,580

1,651
1,667
1,719
1,720

1,672
1,731
1,763
1,764

1,741
1,800
1,862
1,870

1,678
1,692
1,751

Arkansas
September ......
October ...........
November .......
Final ................

1,864
(NA)
1,864
1,734

1,925
1,960
1,999
1,999

1,729
1,737
1,813
1,818

1,884
1,805
1,820
1,826

Illinois
September ......
October ...........
November .......
Final ................

1,682
(NA)
1,713
1,697

1,922
1,913
1,964
1,968

1,980
2,052
2,086
2,079

Indiana
September ......
October ...........
November .......
Final ................

1,638
(NA)
1,696
1,705

1,518
1,634
1,661
1,660

Iowa
September ......
October ...........
November .......
Final ................

1,414
(NA)
1,538
1,531

Kansas
September ......
October ...........
November .......
Final ................
Minnesota
September ......
October ...........
November .......
Final ................
(NA) Not available.

26

Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Soybean Frequency of Farmer Reported Row Widths – Selected States: 2013-2017
Row width (inches)
State and year

Less than
7.5 1

7.5

(number)

15

(number)

More than
30

30

(number)

(number)

(number)

Arkansas ............................................. 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

7
10
8
5
9

59
53
41
31
25

42
50
34
46
42

30
27
32
36
39

56
65
77
73
79

Illinois .................................................. 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

3
6
2
1
2

18
15
15
15
10

91
102
111
105
109

63
60
52
57
59

1
1
2

Indiana ................................................ 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

2
2
2
1
3

20
21
17
27
28

98
110
103
91
101

17
13
15
17
12

1
2
2
-

Iowa ..................................................... 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

2
1
4
1
1

1
3
4
6
3

78
74
76
73
80

93
104
92
100
94

3
2
4
2
1

Kansas ................................................ 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

2
6
5
6
10

22
18
13
8
14

52
35
38
38
32

43
53
56
57
43

2

Minnesota ............................................ 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

1
6
4
5
1

6
8
7
8
9

45
32
42
40
38

39
36
50
36
42

1
1
1
-

Missouri ............................................... 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

2
1
1

23
14
17
14
10

76
74
50
71
70

15
17
15
19
21

8
6
8
5
4

Nebraska ............................................. 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

1
1

9
4
4
10
4

36
30
31
36
38

51
58
62
46
51

9
4
8
3
8

See footnote(s) at end of table.

Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

--continued

27

Soybean Frequency of Farmer Reported Row Widths – Selected States: 2013-2017 (continued)
Row width (inches)
State and year

Less than
7.5 1

7.5

(number)

15

(number)

More than
30

30

(number)

(number)

(number)

North Dakota ........................................ 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

6
12
5
8
5

10
17
19
17
16

51
51
68
55
56

20
14
12
15
7

1
1

Ohio ..................................................... 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

8
6
2
3
2

60
47
45
41
38

70
72
76
84
83

3
8
9
7
8

1
-

South Dakota ....................................... 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

4
8
2
3
1

5
3
3
4
4

23
23
12
27
27

55
47
65
59
63

1
1
1
2
1

- Represents zero.
Includes broadcast soybeans.

1

Soybean Objective Yield Percent of Samples Processed in the Lab – United States: 2013-2017
[Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Year

2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

....................................
....................................
....................................
....................................
....................................

October

November

1

Mature 1

(percent)

(percent)

Mature

(NA)
35
54
53
49

73
92
95
93
93

(NA) Not available.
1
Includes soybeans with brown pods and are considered mature or almost mature.

28

Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Soybean Percentage Distribution by Measured Row Width and Average Row Width – Selected
States: 2013-2017
Row width (inches)
State and year

Samples

10.0 or
less 1

10.118.5

18.628.5

28.634.5

34.6 or
greater

Average
row
width 1

(number)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(inches)

Arkansas ............................................... 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

184
208
199
189
199

26.4
20.7
19.1
14.6
16.1

27.7
24.1
16.8
24.1
24.1

25.3
29.9
23.6
4.0
2.3

11.9
12.8
14.6
21.2
19.6

8.7
12.5
25.9
36.1
37.9

18.3
20.1
23.1
26.0
26.5

Illinois .................................................... 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

178
185
178
177
181

11.5
10.3
7.1
7.9
6.1

51.4
52.7
63.0
56.5
50.6

3.1
3.8
2.3
5.6
5.0

34.0
33.2
26.8
29.4
37.7

0.8
0.6
0.6

19.7
19.7
19.0
19.6
20.8

Indiana .................................................. 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

137
143
137
137
141

15.6
15.0
15.4
14.7
14.6

69.6
66.4
67.4
62.3
68.3

4.5
9.1
5.9
8.4
9.3

9.6
9.5
11.3
13.9
7.8

0.7
0.7
-

16.0
16.0
16.1
17.0
15.8

Iowa ....................................................... 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

177
185
181
179
180

3.1
2.2
2.8
2.2
1.1

34.4
33.6
36.7
34.4
34.4

10.8
7.0
9.1
11.2
12.8

49.7
55.6
49.2
50.5
50.6

2.0
1.6
2.2
1.7
1.1

23.5
24.3
23.4
23.7
23.7

Kansas .................................................. 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

118
113
111
109
105

11.1
9.3
11.7
5.5
9.0

52.2
41.1
38.3
34.6
38.1

3.4
5.8
4.5
4.6
5.7

33.3
43.8
45.5
54.4
47.2

0.9
-

19.2
21.2
21.5
23.5
21.8

Minnesota .............................................. 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

97
81
89
84
88

6.3
11.2
5.1
11.3
7.4

29.7
18.6
21.9
28.0
23.3

21.9
25.5
20.8
23.8
18.8

41.1
42.8
52.2
36.9
50.5

1.0
1.9
-

22.7
22.8
24.0
21.6
23.5

Missouri ................................................. 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

120
115
86
104
106

15.0
12.2
16.7
3.8
9.4

61.7
57.4
56.6
70.7
63.7

2.5
7.8
7.7
2.4
5.7

15.0
18.3
11.9
16.8
19.3

5.8
4.3
7.1
6.3
1.9

17.8
18.4
17.9
18.9
18.3

Nebraska ............................................... 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

104
95
105
94
100

4.4
2.6
2.4
7.4
4.0

32.5
28.4
29.5
35.6
31.0

4.4
7.9
6.3
5.9
10.5

51.0
55.8
54.1
46.8
47.0

7.7
5.3
7.7
4.3
7.5

24.4
24.8
24.5
22.8
24.2

See footnote(s) at end of table.

Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

--continued

29

Soybean Percentage Distribution by Measured Row Width and Average Row Width – Selected States:
2013-2017 (continued)
Row width (inches)
State and year

Samples

10.0 or
less 1

10.118.5

18.628.5

28.634.5

34.6 or
greater

Average
row
width 1

(number)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(inches)

North Dakota ......................................... 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

89
91
104
95
84

13.5
20.4
13.5
20.1
17.3

44.9
47.0
45.7
42.9
55.3

20.8
20.4
29.3
20.1
17.9

20.8
12.2
11.5
16.9
8.3

1.2

18.7
16.6
17.6
17.7
16.2

Ohio ...................................................... 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

142
130
132
137
134

37.3
35.0
32.7
32.1
25.4

51.8
60.0
57.0
60.3
66.4

6.7
1.2
5.0
1.8
2.6

3.5
3.8
5.3
5.8
5.6

0.7
-

13.2
13.1
13.8
13.7
14.1

South Dakota ........................................ 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

89
81
83
96
93

6.7
4.3
5.0
1.6
2.7

18.0
25.3
10.5
23.0
17.8

15.2
12.4
14.2
17.3
16.2

57.9
54.3
69.1
53.4
61.7

2.2
3.7
1.2
4.7
1.6

25.5
24.8
26.6
25.1
25.9

- Represents zero.
Broadcast soybeans included as "10.0 inches or less" but excluded in computation of average width.

1

30

Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

This page intentionally left blank.

Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

31

Fall Potato Objective Yield Data
The National Agricultural Statistics Service collects variety data in seven States, accounting for 83 percent of the
2017 United States fall potato planted acres. The seven States conduct objective yield surveys where all producing areas
are sampled in proportion to planted acreage. Variety data shown below are actual percentages from these surveys.
Percent of Fall Potatoes Planted to Major Varieties – Selected States: 2017 Crop
State and variety

Percent of
planted acres

State and variety

Idaho
Russet Burbank ........................................
R Norkotah ................................................
Ranger R ..................................................
Umatillas ...................................................
Clearwater ................................................
Bannock ....................................................
Nor Donna ................................................
Dark Red Norland .....................................
Frito-Lay ...................................................
Agata ........................................................
Other .........................................................

48.3
17.1
14.4
2.4
2.4
2.3
2.0
1.9
1.2
1.0
7.0

Maine
Russet Burbank ........................................
Frito-Lay ...................................................
R Norkotah ................................................
Caribou .....................................................
Snowden ...................................................
Norland .....................................................
Lamoka .....................................................
Keuka Gold ...............................................
Norwis .......................................................
Russet Nugget ..........................................
Nadine ......................................................
Atlantic ......................................................
Superior ....................................................
Blazer R ....................................................
Waneta .....................................................
Shepody ...................................................
Goldrush ...................................................
Other .........................................................

41.7
12.2
6.7
3.3
2.6
2.6
2.5
2.5
2.3
2.0
2.0
1.7
1.6
1.5
1.5
1.3
1.1
10.9

Minnesota
Russet Burbank ........................................
Umatilla R .................................................
Norland .....................................................
Dark Red Norland .....................................
Cascade ...................................................
Goldrush ...................................................
Dakota Rose .............................................
Alpine ........................................................
Dakota Russet ..........................................
Dakota Pearl .............................................
Other .........................................................

60.1
12.3
8.2
5.1
1.8
1.6
1.3
1.2
1.2
1.2
6.0

North Dakota
Russet Burbank ........................................
Umatilla .....................................................
Prospect ...................................................
Norland .....................................................
Dark Red Norland .....................................
Dakota Pearl .............................................
Bannock ....................................................
Dakota Russet ..........................................
Sangre ......................................................
Red Pontiac ..............................................
Milva .........................................................
Red la Soda ..............................................
Other .........................................................

29.2
14.7
12.7
9.1
6.8
4.6
3.2
2.8
2.5
1.8
1.4
1.4
9.8

32

Percent of
planted acres

Oregon
Norkotah ..................................................
Russet Burbank .......................................
Umatillas ..................................................
Frito-Lay ..................................................
Ranger .....................................................
Shepody ..................................................
Alturas .....................................................
Lamoka ....................................................
Clearwater ...............................................
Ciklamen ..................................................
Dakota Pearl ............................................
Yukon Gold ..............................................
Premier ....................................................
Agata .......................................................
Other ........................................................

18.4
14.4
13.2
12.0
10.7
7.6
7.0
2.9
2.8
2.2
1.7
1.7
1.6
1.1
2.7

Washington
Russet Burbank .......................................
Umatilla R ................................................
Ranger .....................................................
Norkotah ..................................................
Shepody ..................................................
Chieftain ..................................................
Clearwater ...............................................
Alturas .....................................................
Bannock ...................................................
Satina ......................................................
Snowden ..................................................
Agata .......................................................
Other ........................................................

26.8
13.5
11.5
8.2
6.5
5.5
4.3
4.2
1.3
1.3
1.1
1.1
14.7

Wisconsin
Frito-Lay ..................................................
Russet Burbank .......................................
R Norkotah ...............................................
Silverton ...................................................
Umatillas ..................................................
Snowden ..................................................
Norland ....................................................
Goldrush ..................................................
Lamoka ....................................................
Atlantic .....................................................
Dark Red Norland ....................................
Superior ...................................................
Pinnacle ...................................................
Other ........................................................

22.8
19.9
6.9
6.7
6.4
5.6
5.6
5.5
3.3
2.4
2.2
2.2
1.3
9.2

Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Percent of Fall Potatoes Planted to Major Varieties – Seven-State Total: 2017 Crop
[The Seven State total includes Idaho, Maine, Minnesota, North Dakota, Oregon, Washington, and Wisconsin]
Variety
Russet Burbank .....................................
R Norkotah ............................................
Ranger R ...............................................
Umatilla R ..............................................
Frito-Lay ................................................
Norland ..................................................
Dark Red Norland ..................................
Clearwater .............................................
Shepody ................................................
Bannock ................................................
Prospect ................................................
Alturas ...................................................
Chieftain ................................................
Lamoka .................................................
Snowden ...............................................
Nor Donna .............................................
Dakota Pearl ..........................................
Agata .....................................................
Goldrush ................................................
Atlantic ..................................................
Silverton ................................................
Dakota Russet .......................................
Satina ....................................................
Ciklamen ...............................................
Sangre ...................................................
Teton .....................................................
Yukon Gold ............................................
Superior .................................................
Red Pontiac ...........................................
Classic ...................................................

Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Percent of
planted acres

Variety
38.0
10.4
8.9
7.8
3.6
2.3
2.2
2.1
1.9
1.6
1.6
1.6
1.3
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.7
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.2

Pike ......................................................
Red la Soda ..........................................
Waneta .................................................
Premier .................................................
Colorado Rose ......................................
Caribou .................................................
Nadine ..................................................
Milva .....................................................
Alpine ...................................................
Cascade ...............................................
Cal White ..............................................
Dakota Rose .........................................
Keuka Gold ...........................................
Norwis ..................................................
White Pearl ...........................................
Western Russet ....................................
Ivory Russet .........................................
Cultivate ...............................................
Russet Nugget ......................................
Challenger ............................................
Pinnacle ................................................
Blazer ...................................................
Ivory Crisp ............................................
Alegria ..................................................
Dakota Crisp .........................................
Cecile ...................................................
Manistee ...............................................
Elfe .......................................................
Purple Majesty ......................................
Almera ..................................................
Other ....................................................

Percent of
planted acres
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
4.1

33

Potato Objective Yield Data
The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting objective yield surveys in seven fall potato-producing States
during 2017. Sample plots were located in potato fields randomly selected using a scientifically designed sampling
procedure. Field workers recorded counts and measurements within the field and then harvested six hills per sample.
Potatoes were sent to laboratories for sizing and grading according to accepted United States fresh grading standards. Data
in these tables are rounded actual field counts from this survey.
Fall Potato Number of Hills by Type – Selected States: 2013-2017
Reds
State and year

Samples

(number)

Whites
Average
number
of hills
per acre

Samples

(number)

(number)

Yellows

Average
number
of hills
per acre
(number)

Russets

Samples

Average
number
of hills
per acre

Samples

Average
number
of hills
per acre

(number)

(number)

(number)

(number)

Idaho ......................................... 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

7
5
8
6
8

12,944
14,147
13,960
14,349
15,190

6
7
6
5
6

12,565
13,051
12,780
12,082
13,232

(D)
3
(D)
(D)
6

(D)
13,419
(D)
(D)
15,173

188
174
182
184
151

12,793
12,875
12,720
12,233
12,927

Maine ........................................ 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

8
7
8
10
4

13,306
13,315
13,183
13,322
12,563

56
35
43
53
36

13,468
12,190
13,106
13,331
13,962

9
11
9
11
5

12,427
13,643
11,434
12,479
12,125

41
65
85
74
65

10,005
10,627
10,029
9,679
10,865

Minnesota ................................. 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

33
35
31
18
13

13,150
11,952
13,705
12,998
12,784

9
8
9
6
6

11,666
12,390
12,629
13,211
11,563

(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)

91
88
82
101
64

12,348
11,533
13,416
13,663
12,830

North Dakota ............................. 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

22
19
16
9
33

10,496
11,008
12,688
10,017
12,202

39
32
31
34
33

11,057
10,985
12,090
12,441
13,035

5
(D)
4
(D)
7

13,161
(D)
17,154
(D)
12,697

68
78
83
96
78

12,406
11,772
13,297
14,135
13,711

Oregon ...................................... 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

(D)
4
4
(D)
3

(D)
9,772
13,138
(D)
12,376

14
17
16
25
28

12,926
11,584
11,269
10,945
13,097

(D)
3
3
3

(D)
10,663
11,195
11,063

60
76
70
60
56

12,627
12,848
12,864
11,449
12,814

Washington ............................... 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

5
3
6
5
8

18,686
17,070
20,170
17,745
18,363

12
13
12
16
8

15,693
15,419
15,669
14,726
13,427

(D)
7
5
4
4

(D)
20,933
13,988
17,932
14,721

80
111
104
103
78

15,271
14,663
14,867
14,119
14,058

Wisconsin ................................. 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

13
6
6
12
12

16,048
14,455
16,044
16,864
17,560

43
41
42
43
48

14,327
14,320
15,375
15,544
15,739

3
5
(D)
(D)
(D)

17,259
15,272
(D)
(D)
(D)

49
65
60
52
43

12,545
12,233
13,302
13,310
12,957

- Represents zero.
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.

34

Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Fall Potato Harvest Loss by Type – Selected States: 2013-2017
State and year

Reds

Whites

Yellows

Russets

All types

(cwt per acre)

(cwt per acre)

(cwt per acre)

(cwt per acre)

(cwt per acre)

Idaho ............................................... 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

18
(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)

29
23
17
22
24

27
23
17
22
22

Maine .............................................. 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

13
28
(D)
11
(D)

(D)
15
17
12
8

(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
19
24
24
17

15
18
20
19
13

Minnesota ........................................ 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

12
16
19
14
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
-

-

33
39
43
33
25

29
32
36
30
24

North Dakota ................................... 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

20
15
18
(D)
11

34
34
23
31
29

(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

53
34
32
50
44

40
31
27
44
33

Oregon ............................................ 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
24
(D)
21
20

-

21
16
29
16
21

24
17
27
17
21

Washington ..................................... 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

(D)
(D)
-

(D)
33
14
34
(D)

-

20
18
15
23
18

19
20
15
26
18

Wisconsin ........................................ 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017

(D)
(D)
(D)
8
-

37
12
29
11
13

(D)
(D)
-

14
15
19
20
11

22
13
22
14
12

- Represents zero.
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.

Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

35

Fall Potato Grading Categories by Type – Selected States: 2016 and 2017
[Gross yield basis]

Type and State

No. 2 or
processing usable
1 1/2 inch minimum 1

No. 1
2 inch minimum 1

Cull 2

2016

2017

2016

2017

2016

2017

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

Round red potatoes
Minnesota .......................................
North Dakota ...................................
Wisconsin .......................................

74.1
(D)
78.8

77.1
80.9
76.2

18.0
(D)
20.7

19.9
13.5
23.7

7.9
(D)
0.5

3.0
5.6
0.1

Round white potatoes
Maine 3 ............................................
North Dakota ...................................
Oregon ............................................
Wisconsin .......................................

85.0
(D)
91.6
85.1

88.6
67.8
87.7
82.8

7.4
(D)
5.6
14.8

10.9
24.4
6.8
17.2

7.6
(D)
2.8
0.1

0.5
7.8
5.5
-

All long potatoes 4
Idaho 5 ............................................
Maine 3 ............................................
Minnesota .......................................
North Dakota ...................................
Oregon ............................................
Washington .....................................
Wisconsin .......................................

82.0
87.6
71.9
72.3
80.5
82.4
78.1

79.7
83.2
73.7
77.9
80.8
86.6
78.9

13.4
6.0
21.8
18.9
15.0
12.2
21.8

15.0
16.1
21.5
18.2
14.7
9.7
20.2

4.6
6.4
6.3
8.8
4.5
5.4
0.1

5.3
0.7
4.8
3.9
4.5
3.7
0.9

- Represents zero.
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
1
Potatoes which meet the requirements for United States #1 or #2, as stated in United States Standards for Grades of Potatoes, United States
Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service.
2
Potatoes not meeting the requirements for United States #1 or #2, as stated in United States Standards for Grades of Potatoes, United States
Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service.
3
Percent of net yield adjusted for field loss.
4
Includes Russet, Shepody, Prospect, and Defender varieties unless otherwise indicated.
5
Russets only.

36

Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Round Potato Size Categories by Type – Selected States: 2016 and 2017
[Gross yield basis]
Inches
Year, type, and State

1 1/2
1 7/8

1 7/8
2

2
2 1/4

2 1/4
2 1/2

2 1/2
3 1/2

3 1/2
4

4 inches
and over

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

2016
Red potatoes
Minnesota ......................................
North Dakota .................................
Wisconsin ......................................

9.3
(D)
8.7

6.7
(D)
8.8

16.9
(D)
20.3

22.6
(D)
28.4

44.5
(D)
33.8

(D)
-

(D)
-

White potatoes
Maine 1 ..........................................
North Dakota .................................
Oregon ..........................................
Wisconsin ......................................

2.0
(D)
2.3
3.6

2.8
(D)
2.6
3.3

9.4
(D)
9.9
10.9

16.4
(D)
12.9
18.1

61.9
(D)
56.9
61.8

6.3
(D)
11.2
1.8

1.2
(D)
4.2
0.5

2017
Red potatoes
Minnesota ......................................
North Dakota .................................
Wisconsin ......................................

5.5
4.1
12.1

5.0
4.2
9.3

11.4
10.8
20.5

23.2
19.9
29.0

51.5
60.4
29.1

3.4
0.6
-

-

White potatoes
Maine 1 ..........................................
North Dakota .................................
Oregon ..........................................
Wisconsin ......................................

3.9
9.9
2.7
4.6

4.7
11.1
3.6
3.9

13.0
21.7
13.9
12.7

19.8
21.7
19.6
18.4

53.5
34.4
45.2
56.6

4.4
1.2
13.0
3.0

0.7
2.0
0.8

- Represents zero.
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
1
Percent of net yield adjusted for field loss.

Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

37

Long Potato (Russet and Shepody) Size Categories – Maine: 2016 and 2017
[Percent of net yield - adjusted for field loss]
Inches
Year

1 1/2
1 7/8

Ounces
1 7/8
2

(percent)

(percent)

2 inches
or
4-6

6-8

(percent)

(percent)

8-10
(percent)

14
and
over

10-12

12-14

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

2016 ............

1.0

2.1

23.0

18.4

16.3

12.5

7.4

19.3

2017 ............

3.2

3.8

31.2

20.2

13.6

8.5

6.2

13.3

All Long Potato Size Categories – Selected States: 2016 and 2017
[Gross yield basis. Includes Russet, Shepody, Prospect, and Defender varieties]
Inches
Year
and State

Ounces

1 1/2
1 5/8

1 5/8
1 7/8

1 7/8
2

2 in.
or
4-6

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14
and
over

(%)

(%)

(%)

(%)

(%)

(%)

(%)

(%)

(%)

(%)

(%)

(%)

(%)

2016
Idaho 1 ....................
Minnesota ...............
North Dakota ...........
Oregon ....................
Washington .............
Wisconsin ...............

1.0
1.8
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.5

5.1
9.2
5.5
3.2
2.8
5.1

3.5
7.8
5.9
2.6
2.3
5.3

28.0
23.4
17.9
18.1
22.1
26.4

10.4
10.4
8.3
8.9
9.5
11.1

8.6
10.5
9.8
7.1
8.6
10.2

8.0
8.1
9.0
7.7
9.2
9.0

6.3
6.4
7.2
6.7
7.0
7.3

5.4
5.0
6.9
7.2
6.7
5.3

4.5
4.2
6.3
5.2
4.9
4.8

3.7
3.6
5.1
5.6
4.8
3.1

2.9
2.5
3.7
4.5
4.1
2.3

12.6
7.1
13.4
22.4
17.4
9.6

2017
Idaho 1 ....................
Minnesota ...............
North Dakota ...........
Oregon ....................
Washington .............
Wisconsin ...............

1.6
2.0
1.5
1.5
0.9
0.7

5.9
8.1
6.7
4.1
3.0
6.9

5.9
7.7
6.9
4.0
3.9
4.8

23.8
28.8
26.9
17.4
19.8
23.3

11.1
10.2
9.9
7.8
10.0
10.3

8.6
9.6
9.4
7.1
8.8
10.1

7.3
6.6
7.1
8.3
9.1
9.6

7.3
5.4
6.7
6.4
6.9
8.0

5.4
4.6
5.6
10.2
8.9
6.1

4.8
4.2
4.0
5.2
5.3
5.5

3.9
2.7
3.6
4.7
4.1
3.7

3.4
2.6
2.4
3.9
3.6
2.8

11.0
7.5
9.3
19.4
15.7
8.2

1

Russets only.

38

Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

39

October Weather Summary
During October, late crop maturation and periods of heavy rain led to significant Midwestern corn harvest delays. By
October 29, only 54 percent of the Nation’s corn had been harvested, compared to the 5-year average of 72 percent.
Producers fared better cutting soybeans, with 83 percent of the Nation’s crop harvested by October 29.
Much of the eastern United States also received widespread rain, starting early in the month when the remnants of
Hurricane Nate tracked from the central Gulf Coast into the Northeast. Later, back-to-back storms delivered heavy rain to
the Northeast between October 24 and 30, eradicating drought concerns.
In contrast, minimal precipitation fell during October in several regions, including the mid-South and large sections of the
northern and southern Plains. Although the dry weather favored fieldwork, winter wheat and cover crops had little
moisture to support emergence and establishment. In South Dakota, a variety of factors that included drought and sudden
cold left 53 percent of the winter wheat rated in very poor to poor condition on October 29, compared to the national value
of 12 percent.
Meanwhile, dry October weather dominated the southern half of the western United States. When high winds arose across
northern California on the night of October 8-9, a rash of devastating wildfires swept through several communities.
Preliminary reports indicated that 43 lives were lost, along with nearly 9,000 structures and almost 250,000 acres of
vegetation.
Elsewhere, an increase in precipitation accompanied chilly conditions from the Pacific Northwest to the northern
High Plains. The Northwestern precipitation, which included some early-season snow, provided drought relief and
boosted soil moisture in the wake of a hot, dry summer.
Significant temperature departures were mostly limited to the interior Northwest (as much as 4°F below normal) and areas
from the eastern Corn Belt into the Northeast (at least 4 to 8°F above normal). In fact, record-setting October warmth was
noted in parts of the Northeast. Warm weather also prevailed in the Desert Southwest.

October Agricultural Summary
Cooler than normal temperatures were recorded across the Rockies and Pacific Coast during the first half of the month.
However, from October 22 until the end of the month, temperatures remained either normal or above normal, with parts of
Arizona, California, and Nevada seeing temperatures 4 to 8 degrees above normal. The opposite was true for the lower
Midwest and Southeast, with warmer than average temperatures recorded during the first week, before chilling to
12 degrees below average across Texas, Oklahoma, and the Gulf States by month’s end. For most of October, the Nation
experienced the usual amount of precipitation. Bands of rain during the first week slowed field work across the western
Corn Belt and Hurricane Nate brought rain and damaging wind across the Gulf and Eastern States. Towards the end of the
month, producers in the Midwest hurried to complete soybean and corn harvests before snow arrived.
Ninety-six percent of the 2017 corn crop was dented by October 1, four percentage points behind last year and
2 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Nationally, 68 percent of the corn crop was mature by October 1,
sixteen percentage points behind last year and 10 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Producers had harvested
17 percent of the corn crop by October 1, six percentage points behind last year and 9 percentage points behind the 5-year
average. Ninety percent of the corn crop was mature by October 15, six percentage points behind last year and
4 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Twenty-eight percent of this year’s corn crop was harvested by
October 15, sixteen percentage points behind last year and 19 percentage points behind the 5-year average.
Fifty-four percent of this year’s corn crop was harvested by October 29, still well behind the previous year’s 73 percent
and the 5-year average of 72 percent. Harvest progress was behind normal in all estimating States except Michigan,
North Carolina, Tennessee, and Texas as of October 29. Overall, 66 percent of the corn crop was reported in good to
excellent condition as of October 29, eight percentage points below the same time last year.

40

Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

By October 1, sorghum coloring had advanced to 94 percent complete, 2 percentage points behind last year, but equal to
the 5-year average. Nationwide, 60 percent of the sorghum crop was mature by October 1, ten percentage points behind
last year and 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By October 1, thirty-four percent of the Nation’s crop was
harvested, 6 percentage points behind last year and 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By October 15,
eighty-one percent of this year’s sorghum crop was considered mature, 8 percentage points behind last year and slightly
behind the 5-year average. Nationwide, sorghum producers had harvested 40 percent of the crop by October 15,
sixteen percentage points behind last year and 10 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By October 29,
ninety-six percent of this year’s sorghum crop was considered mature, equal to last year but slightly ahead of the 5-year
average. Sorghum producers had harvested 59 percent of the crop by October 29, sixteen percentage points behind last
year and 10 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Most estimating States were at or behind their respective 5-year
averages for harvesting by month’s end, with only Missouri, New Mexico, and Texas ahead of their 5-year averages.
By October 1, producers had sown 36 percent of the Nation’s 2018 winter wheat crop, 5 percentage points behind last
year and 7 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Nationwide, 12 percent of the winter wheat crop was emerged by
October 1, six percentage points behind last year and 4 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Emergence was at or
behind the 5-year average in 14 of the 18 estimating States by October 1. Sixty percent of the 2018 winter wheat crop was
sown by October 15, ten percentage points behind last year and 11 percentage points behind the 5-year average.
Nationally, emergence had advanced to 37 percent complete by October 15, eight percentage points behind last year and
6 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Producers had sown 84 percent of the 2018 winter wheat crop by
October 29, slightly behind last year and 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Idaho was the first State to
complete planting this year. Nationwide, emergence advanced to 65 percent complete by October 29, four percentage
points behind last year and 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Fifty-two percent of the crop was reported to be
in good to excellent condition on October 29, six percentage points below the same time last year.
By October 1, rice producers had harvested 77 percent of this year’s crop, 4 percentage points behind last year but
6 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By October 15, ninety-one percent of the rice crop was harvested,
slightly behind last year but 4 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Harvest progress was at or ahead of the
5-year average in all estimating States, except California. By October 22, ninety-eight percent of the rice crop was
harvested, 2 percentage points ahead of last year and 5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average.
Eighty percent of the soybean crop was at or beyond the leaf dropping stage by October 1, slightly behind last year but
2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Nationally, 22 percent of the soybean crop was harvested by October 1,
two percentage points behind last year and 4 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Dry conditions east of the
Mississippi River allowed the soybean harvest to advance 12 percentage points during the week ending October 1. By
October 15, ninety-four percent of the soybean crop was at or beyond the leaf dropping stage, slightly behind last year but
slightly ahead of the 5-year average. Soybean producers had harvested 49 percent of the Nation’s crop by October 15,
ten percentage points behind last year and 11 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Overall, 61 percent of the
soybean crop was reported in good to excellent condition on October 15, thirteen percentage points lower than at the same
time last year. By October 29, eighty-three percent of the Nation’s crop was harvested, 2 percentage points behind last
year and slightly behind the 5-year average.
By October 1, a quarter of the Nation’s peanut crop was harvested, slightly behind last year but 4 percentage points ahead
of the 5-year average. By October 8, thirty-nine percent of this year’s peanut crop was harvested, slightly behind last year
but 7 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. During the week ending October 8, harvest progress advanced
21 percentage points in Alabama and 20 percentage points in Florida, but was much slower across the Southern Plains due
to wet conditions. By October 15, fifty-one percent of the Nation’s peanut crop was harvested, slightly behind last year
but 5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Overall, 70 percent of the peanut crop was reported in good to
excellent condition on October 15, fourteen percentage points better than at the same time last year. By October 29,
seventy-four percent of the Nation’s peanut crop was harvested, 2 percentage points behind last year but slightly ahead of
the 5-year average.
Bolls were opening across 67 percent of this year’s cotton acreage by October 1, three percentage points behind both last
year and the 5-year average. Nationally, harvest was 17 percent complete by October 1, two percentage points ahead of
last year and 4 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Eighty-two percent of the cotton crop was at or beyond the
Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

41

boll-opening stage by October 15, six percentage points behind last year and 4 percentage points behind the 5-year
average. Nationally, producers had harvested 31 percent of the cotton crop by October 15, two percentage points ahead of
last year and 5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Ninety-three percent of the cotton crop was at or beyond the
boll-opening stage by October 29, two percentage points behind both last year and the 5-year average. Nationally,
producers had harvested 46 percent of the cotton crop by October 29, slightly ahead of both last year and the 5-year
average. Overall, 55 percent of the cotton crop was reported in good to excellent condition as of October 29,
six percentage points above the same time last year.
By October 1, sugarbeet producers had harvested 22 percent of this year’s crop, 3 percentage points ahead of last year but
slightly behind the 5-year average. Ninety-two percent of the sugarbeet crop in North Dakota was rated in good to
excellent on October 1, compared with 62 percent at the same time last year. Producers had harvested 65 percent of the
sugarbeet crop by October 15, six percentage points ahead of last year but equal to the 5-year average. In Minnesota and
North Dakota, the sugarbeet harvest advanced by more than 25 percentage points during the week ending October 15.
Producers had harvested 87 percent of the sugarbeet crop by October 29, two percentage points ahead of last year and
slightly ahead of the 5-year average.
By October 8, six percent of this year’s sunflower crop was harvested, 5 percentage points behind last year and
6 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By October 15, twelve percent of this year’s sunflower crop was harvested,
16 percentage points behind last year and 12 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By October 29,
fifty-three percent of this year’s sunflower crop was harvested, 7 percentage points behind last year and slightly behind
the 5-year average. As of October 29, harvest progress remained behind the 5-year average for all estimating States except
North Dakota.

Crop Comments
Corn: Area harvested for grain is forecast at 83.1 million acres, unchanged from the previous forecast but down 4 percent
from 2016.
The November 1 corn objective yield data indicate the third highest number of ears on record for the combined
10 objective yield States (Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, Ohio, South Dakota, and
Wisconsin).
At 14.6 billion bushels, 2017 corn production is forecast to be the second highest production on record for the
United States. The forecasted yield, at 175.4 bushels per acre, is expected to be the highest yield on record for the
United States. Record yields are forecast for Alabama, Idaho, Kentucky, Louisiana, Michigan, Mississippi, Pennsylvania,
South Carolina, and Tennessee.
Fifty-four percent of this year’s corn crop was harvested by October 29, well behind the previous year’s 73 percent
harvested and 5-year average of 72 percent. Harvest progress was behind normal on October 29 in all estimating States
except Michigan, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Texas. Overall, 66 percent of the corn crop was reported in good to
excellent condition on October 29, eight percentage points below the same time last year.
Sorghum: Production is forecast at 356 million bushels, down 2 percent from the October forecast and down 26 percent
from last year. Area harvested for grain is forecast at 5.05 million acres, unchanged from the previous forecast but down
18 percent from last year. Based on November 1 conditions, yield is forecast at 70.4 bushels per acre, 1.8 bushels lower
than the October forecast and 7.5 bushels below the 2016 record high yield of 77.9 bushels per acre.
As of October 29, ninety-six percent of the crop was mature, slightly ahead of the five-year average. Fifty-nine percent of
the crop had been harvested at that time, 16 percentage points behind the same time last year and 10 percentage points
behind the five-year average pace.
Rice: Production is forecast at 178 million cwt, down less than 1 percent from the October forecast and down 20 percent
from last year. If realized, production for 2017 would represent the lowest United States total since 1996. Harvested area
42

Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

is expected to total 2.39 million acres, unchanged from the October forecast, but down 23 percent from last year. Based on
conditions as of November 1, the average United States yield is forecast at 7,461 pounds per acre, down 8 pounds per acre
from the October forecast, but 224 pounds per acre higher than the 2016 average yield of 7,237 pounds per acre. If
realized, the expected yield in Missouri for 2017 will be a record high.
By October 22, ninety-eight percent of the rice acreage was harvested, 2 percentage points ahead the same time last year
and 5 percentage points ahead of the five-year average pace. Harvest was complete in Louisiana and Texas, by that time,
and only 1 percent of the acreage in Arkansas remained to be harvested.
Soybeans: Area for harvest in the United States is forecast at a record 89.5 million acres, unchanged from October but up
8 percent from 2016.
The November objective yield data for the combined 11 major soybean-producing States (Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana,
Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, and South Dakota) indicate a lower pod count from
the previous year. Compared with final counts for 2016, pod counts are down in 8 of the 11 published States. A decrease
of more than 200 pods per 18 square feet from 2016’s final pod count is expected in Illinois, Nebraska, and South Dakota.
As of October 1, twenty-two percent of the United States soybean crop was harvested, 2 percentage points behind last
year and 4 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By October 15, the soybean crop was 49 percent harvested,
10 percentage points behind last year and 11 percentage points behind the 5-year average. As of October 29, harvest was
83 percent complete Nationwide, 2 percentage points behind last year and slightly behind the 5-year average. At the end
of October, harvest progress was ahead of the State 5-year average in Arkansas, Louisiana, Michigan, Mississippi,
North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, and South Dakota.
If realized, the forecasted yield will be a record high in Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland, Mississippi,
Missouri, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia.
Peanuts: Production is forecast at 7.64 billion pounds, down 2 percent from the October forecast but up 37 percent from
the 2016 total of 5.58 billion pounds. If realized, production for the Nation will be the highest on record. Harvested area is
expected to total 1.83 million acres, unchanged from the October forecast but up 19 percent from 2016. Based on
conditions as of November 1, the United States average yield is forecast at 4,176 pounds per acre, down 81 pounds per
acre from October, but up 542 pounds per acre from the 2016 average yield of 3,634 pounds per acre. If realized, the
average United States yield will be the highest since 2012. Record high yields are forecast in Georgia, Mississippi, and
South Carolina. If realized, production in Georgia and South Carolina will be the highest on record.
As of October 29, seventy-four percent of the 2017 peanut crop had been harvested, 2 percentage points behind last year
but slightly ahead of the five-year average.
Cotton: Upland cotton harvested area is expected to total 11.2 million acres, unchanged from October but up 20 percent
from last year. Pima cotton harvested area, estimated at 242,200 acres, was carried forward from an earlier forecast.
As of October 29, fifty-five percent of the cotton acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, compared with
49 percent at the same time last year. Acreage rated in good to excellent condition dropped 2 percentage points from the
week ending October 1, as condition ratings declined during the month in Texas, the largest cotton-producing State, by
6 percentage points. Conditions also declined during the month in Arizona, Kansas, and South Carolina. Ninety-three
percent of the crop had open bolls by October 29, two percentage points behind both last year and the 5-year average.
Harvest progress reached 46 percent complete by October 29, slightly ahead of both last year and the 5-year average.
Harvest progress in North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia was more than 17 percentage points ahead of both last
year and the 5-year average.
If realized, the forecasted yield for Upland cotton in Arkansas, Florida, and Missouri will be a record high.

Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

43

Ginnings totaled 4,964,250 running bales prior to November 1, compared with 5,015,650 running bales ginned prior to the
same date last year.
Sugarbeets: Production of sugarbeets for the 2017 crop year is forecast at 36.0 million tons, down 2 percent from last
year. Producers expect to harvest 1.11 million acres, down 1 percent from last year. Yield is forecast at 32.4 tons per acre,
a 0.3 ton decrease from last year.
Michigan’s sugarbeet harvest was in full swing, although October rains impacted progress. The reported yields are below
average, but the sugar content is above average. Harvest was nearly complete in both Montana and Wyoming. Harvest
neared 90 percent completion in Nebraska and Colorado. Planting of California’s crop was finishing up.
Sugarcane: Production of sugarcane for sugar and seed in 2017 is forecast at 32.2 million tons, up slightly from last year.
Producers intend to harvest 895,200 acres for sugar and seed during the 2017 crop year, down 1 percent from last year.
Yield for sugar and seed is forecast at 36.0 tons per acre, up 0.4 ton from 2016.
Louisiana weather conditions were reported as excellent and sugar recoveries were high. Reported yields continued to be
above average. Rains during October caused some lodging.
Fall potatoes: Production of fall potatoes for 2017 is forecast at 399 million cwt, down 2 percent from last year. Area
harvested, at 900,600 acres, is down 1 percent from the previous year. The average yield forecast, at 443 cwt per acre, is
down 4 cwt from last year’s record high yield.
In Idaho, growers reported some flooding and cool weather occurred earlier in the spring, causing delays in planting
progress. As of October 29, ninety-six percent of the crop had been harvested. North Dakota planting was complete by
June 11 and digging began in late August. Harvest was virtually complete by October 22. As of October 29, harvest in
Washington and Oregon was 95 and 93 percent completed, respectively.
Grapefruit: The United States 2017-2018 grapefruit crop is forecast at 578,000 tons, down 2 percent from last month and
15 percent below last season’s final utilization. In Florida, expected production, at 4.65 million boxes (198,000 tons), is
down 5 percent from last month and down 40 percent from last year. California and Texas grapefruit production forecasts
were carried forward from the previous month.
Tangerines and mandarins: The United States tangerine and mandarin crop is forecast at 965,000 tons, down slightly
from last month and down 7 percent from last season’s final utilization. The Florida forecast, at 950,000 boxes
(45,000 tons), is down 5 percent from last month and down 41 percent from 2016-2017. The California tangerine and
mandarin forecasts were carried forward from the previous month.
Florida citrus: Daily temperatures across the citrus region were reported as average all month, with highs ranging from
the high-70s to lower-90s. Toward the end of the month, Tropical Storm Philippe passed quickly over the southern tip of
the State, dropping between two and four inches of rain over those two days. The Southern area and Indian River District
had the most rainfall for the month with several counties receiving between five and ten inches of rainfall. Most other
counties had less than three inches for the month. According to the October 26, 2017, U.S. Drought Monitor, the complete
citrus growing region was drought free.
Hurricane Irma clean-up continued in some Southern area citrus groves. Caretakers in groves that were hard hit were still
pushing dead or severely damaged trees affected by the storm. Irrigation was being run in areas where rainfall amounts
had been less than average. Grove operations included spraying for psyllids, fertilizing, herbiciding, mowing, limited
topping and hedging, and general grove maintenance. Harvesting primarily for the fresh market included Fallglo
tangerines; Ambersweet, Navel, Hamlin and Early Gold oranges; and red and white grapefruit. A couple of processing
plants were open to take packinghouse eliminations and field run fruit in very small amounts.
California citrus: Citrus packing houses were getting ready for the new Navel orange season. Early Navel oranges were
being picked and tested for maturity. Lemons were harvested and packed. Some orange groves were pushed out to make
way for new plantings. Citrus orchards were being skirted and trimmed for the coming season. Finger lime harvest began
44

Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

around mid-month. Melogold grapefruit and limes were being harvested, packed, and shipped to foreign and domestic
markets.
California noncitrus fruits and nuts: Stone fruit harvest slowed down as the season drew to a close during the month.
Gypsum and potash were applied to harvested stone fruit orchards. Peaches, nectarines, and plums continued to be picked
and shipped to both domestic and foreign markets. Some wine, table, and raisin grapes were harvested. Finished raisin
trays were rolled up for pickup. The majority of the Napa and Sonoma County wine grapes had been harvested by
mid-month. Several winery buildings were burned in Sonoma County. Asian pears, pears, figs, and pomegranates were
harvested and shipped throughout the month. Kiwifruit harvest began and was ramping up for the season by mid-month.
Persimmons continued to gain size and coloring, with harvest beginning later in the month. Cooler weather was helping
with external color. Apples were harvested. Olive harvest was underway and a heavy crop was reported by some. Dates
were being harvested, with completion expected by the end of November. The almond harvest was winding down across
the State and it was all but finished for the season by the end of the month. Walnut harvest was underway. Pistachio
harvest continued.

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45

Statistical Methodology
Field crop survey procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between October 25 and
November 6 to gather information on expected yield as of November 1. The objective yield surveys for corn, cotton, and
soybeans were conducted in the major producing States that usually account for about 75 percent of the United States
production. Randomly selected plots were revisited to make current counts. The counts made within each sample plot
depend on the crop and the maturity of that crop. In all cases, plant counts are recorded along with other measurements
that provide information to forecast the number of ears, bolls, or pods and their weight. The counts are used with similar
data from previous years to develop a projected biological yield. The average harvesting loss is subtracted to obtain a net
yield. The plots are revisited each month until crop maturity when the fruit is harvested and weighed. After the farm
operator has harvested the sample field, another plot is sampled to obtain current year harvesting loss.
The farm operator survey was conducted primarily by telephone with some use of mail, internet, and personal
interviewers. Approximately 8,700 producers were interviewed during the survey period and asked questions about
probable yield.
Orange survey procedures: The orange objective yield survey for the November 1 forecast was conducted in Florida,
which produced about 60 percent of the United States production last season. In August and September 2017, the number
of bearing trees and the number of fruit per tree were determined. In August and subsequent months, fruit size
measurement and fruit droppage surveys are conducted to develop the current forecast of production. California and Texas
conduct grower and packer surveys on a quarterly basis in October, January, April, and July. California conducts an
objective measurement survey in September for Navel oranges and in March for Valencia oranges.
Field crop estimating procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported data were reviewed for
reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering weather
patterns and crop progress compared to previous months and previous years. Each Regional Field Office submits their
analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State
analyses to prepare the published November 1 forecasts.
Orange estimating procedures: State level objective yield estimates for Florida oranges were reviewed for errors,
reasonableness, and consistency with historical estimates. The Florida Field Office submits its analysis of the current
situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the Florida survey data and their analyses to prepare
the published November 1 forecast. Reports from growers and packers in California and Texas were also used for setting
estimates. The November 1 orange production forecasts for these two States are carried forward from October.
Revision policy: The November 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a new forecast will be made each
month throughout the growing season. End-of-season estimates are made after harvest. At the end of the marketing
season, a balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks, production, exports, millings, feeding, and ending stocks.
Revisions are then made if the balance sheet relationships or other administrative data warrant changes. Estimates of
planted acres for spring planted crops are subject to revision in the August Crop Production report if conditions altered
the planting intentions since the mid-year survey. Current year, planted acres may also be revised for cotton, peanuts, and
rice in the September Crop Production report each year; spring wheat, Durum wheat, barley, and oats only in the
Small Grains Summary report at the end of September; and all other spring planted crops in the October Crop Production
report. Revisions to planted acres will only be made when either special survey data, administrative data, such as Farm
Service Agency program "sign up" data, or remote sensing data are available. Harvested acres may be revised any time a
production forecast is made if there is strong evidence that the intended harvested area has changed since the last forecast.
End-of-season orange estimates will be published in August’s Citrus Fruits Summary. The orange production estimates
are based on all data available at the end of the marketing season, including information from marketing orders,
shipments, and processor records. Allowances are made for recorded local utilization and home use.
Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the November 1 production forecast, the "Root Mean Square
Error," a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviation between the November 1 production
forecast and the final estimate is expressed as a percentage of the final estimate. The average of the squared percentage
deviations for the latest 20-year period is computed. The square root of the average becomes statistically the "Root Mean
46

Crop Production (November 2017)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Square Error." Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current forecast relative to the
final end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from those influencing
recent years. For example, the "Root Mean Square Error" for the November 1 corn for grain production forecast is
1.1 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current production forecast will not be above or below the final
estimate by more than 1.1 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not
exceed 1.8 percent.
Also, shown in the following table is a 20-year record for selected crops of the differences between the November 1
forecast and the final estimate. Using corn again as an example, changes between the November 1 forecast and the final
estimate during the last 20 years have averaged 102 million bushels, ranging from 4 million bushels to 214 million
bushels. The November 1 forecast has been below the final estimate 6 times and above 14 times. This does not imply that
the November 1 corn forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production.

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47

Reliability of November 1 Crop Production Forecasts
[Based on data for the past twenty years]

Crop

Root mean
square error

(percent)
Corn for grain .................................. bushels
Fall potatoes .......................................... cwt
Rice ....................................................... cwt
Sorghum for grain ........................... bushels
Soybeans for beans ........................ bushels
Upland cotton 1 ................................... bales

(percent)
1.1
1.1
1.7
5.0
1.6
3.1

Difference between forecast
and final estimate

90 percent
confidence
interval

1.8
1.9
2.9
8.6
2.8
5.4

Production

Years

Average

Smallest

Largest

Below
final

(millions)

(millions)

(millions)

(number)

102
4
3
14
43
413

4
1
(Z)
1
2
45

214
8
11
33
100
1,001

6
11
15
9
9
9

Above
final
(number)
14
9
5
11
11
11

(Z) Less than half of the unit shown.
1
Quantity is in thousands of units.

48

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USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service Information Contacts
Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact
for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to [email protected]
Lance Honig, Chief, Crops Branch ....................................................................................................... (202) 720-2127
Anthony Prillaman, Head, Field Crops Section .................................................................................... (202) 720-2127
Chris Hawthorn – Corn, Flaxseed, Proso Millet .............................................................................. (202) 720-9526
James Johanson – County Estimates, Hay ....................................................................................... (202) 690-8533
Jeff Lemmons – Oats, Soybeans ...................................................................................................... (202) 690-3234
Sammy Neal – Peanuts, Rice ........................................................................................................... (202) 720-7688
Joshua O’Rear – Crop Weather, Barley ........................................................................................... (202) 720-7621
Jean Porter – Rye, Wheat ................................................................................................................. (202) 720-8068
Bianca Pruneda – Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum .................................................................... (202) 720-5944
Travis Thorson – Sunflower, Other Oilseeds ................................................................................... (202) 720-7369
Jorge Garcia-Pratts, Head, Fruits, Vegetables and Special Crops Section............................................ (202) 720-2127
Vincent Davis – Bananas, Cherries, Garlic, Lettuce, Mint, Papaya,
Pears, Strawberries, Taro, Tomatoes ......................................................................................... (202) 720-2157
Fleming Gibson – Avocados, Cauliflower, Celery, Citrus, Coffee, Dates,
Figs, Kiwifruit, Nectarines, Olives, Watermelons ..................................................................... (202) 720-5412
Greg Lemmons – Blackberries, Blueberries, Boysenberries, Cranberries,
Cucumbers, Potatoes, Pumpkins, Raspberries, Squash, Sugarbeets,
Sugarcane, Sweet Potatoes ........................................................................................................ (202) 720-4285
Dan Norris – Artichokes, Austrian Winter Peas, Cantaloupes, Dry Beans,
Dry Edible Peas, Honeydews, Lentils, Mushrooms, Peaches, Snap Beans ............................... (202) 720-3250
Daphne Schauber – Bell Peppers, Broccoli, Cabbage, Chile Peppers,
Floriculture, Grapes, Hops, Maple Syrup, Tree Nuts, Spinach ................................................. (202) 720-4215
Chris Singh – Apples, Apricots, Asparagus, Carrots, Lima Beans, Onions,
Plums, Prunes, Sweet Corn, Tobacco ........................................................................................ (202) 720-4288

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Access to NASS Reports
For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways:
 All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov
 Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e-mail subscription. To set-up this free
subscription, visit www.nass.usda.gov and click on “National” or “State” in upper right corner above “search”
box to create an account and select the reports you would like to receive.
For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540,
7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail: [email protected].

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employment on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, sex, gender identity, religion, reprisal, and where
applicable, political beliefs, marital status, familial or parental status, sexual orientation, or all or part of an individual's
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If you wish to file a Civil Rights program complaint of discrimination, complete the USDA Program Discrimination
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call (866) 632-9992 to request the form. You may also write a letter containing all of the information requested in the
form. Send your completed complaint form or letter to us by mail at U.S. Department of Agriculture, Director, Office of
Adjudication, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, by fax (202) 690-7442 or email at
[email protected].